TESTING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS AND THE PRESENCE OF LIONS OR LARGE UNGULATES IN AN ECOSYSTEM. A CASE STUDY OF BIRDS SPECIES IN DAMBWA FOREST WITH LIONS AND MOSI-OA-TUNYA NATIONAL PARK WITH LARGE UNGULATES.
2013
3.3.0 RESEARCH DESIGN ..................................................................................................................... 18 3.3.1 Distance sampling ........................................................................................................................ 18 3.3.2 Point counts .................................................................................................................................. 19 3.3.3 Line transects ............................................................................................................................... 19 3.4.0 DATA ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................................... 20 CHAPTER FOUR..................................................................................................................................... 21 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................... 21 4.1 RESULTS ............................................................................................................................................ 21 4.1.2 SPECIES RICHNESS AND DIVERSITY ACROSS HABITATS .............................................. 22 4.1.1 The birds’ species abundance in Dambwa forest and Mosi-oa-tunya national park................. 23 4.1.3 Bird species nutritional functional group categories in Mosi-oa-tunya national park .......... 24 4.1.4 Bird species nutritional functional group categories in Dambwa forest ................................. 25 4.2 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................................................... 26 4.2.1 BIRD GUILDS WITHIN AND ACROSS HABITATS ............................................................ 27 4.2.2 ANIMAL INFLUENCE AND PROTECTION REGIMES ON HABITAT QUALITY ........... 31 CHAPTER FIVE ...................................................................................................................................... 32 5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................. 32 5.1 RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................... 33 6.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 34 Appendix 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 40
vi