Designing Virtualization Strategies
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Learning Objectives • Plan for application virtualization • Understand the capabilities of Microsoft Application Virtualization 4.5 • Design an operating system virtualization strategy • Plan for server consolidation • Identify virtualization management tools and capabilities
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Application Virtualization • Allow users to run applications on their computers – Without installing the applications first
• Terminal Services used to host: – Entire desktops or applications • Applications run on the server • Only key clicks, mouse movements, display changes sent over the network
• Chapter focus – Streaming applications to clients
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Application Virtualization (cont’d.) • Virtual application streaming – Works like video streaming – Key difference • Application streaming: only required elements sent
• Streaming sequence – Video streaming works in a sequential manner – Virtual application stream varies based on user action
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Application Virtualization (cont’d.) • Virtual applications prepared using virtual application sequencer – Allows virtual application server to know what data to stream
• Citrix – Powerful player in the application virtualization field – Current server product: XenApp
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-1 Application virtualization Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Microsoft Application Virtualization • Microsoft Application Virtualization 4.5 (App-V) – Additional method of enterprise application virtualization – Formerly known as Microsoft SoftGrid
• Designed to provide a seamless user experience • Goals – Provide simplified view to the user – Reduce confusion – Improve application usability MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Microsoft Application Virtualization (cont’d.) • Availability – Part of the Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack • Add-on subscription to Software Assurance customers
• Only available to Software Assurance customers – Few exceptions
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Microsoft Application Virtualization 4.5 Environment • Allows clients to connect to the App-V server – Run SoftGrid-enabled applications
• Elements – SoftGrid-enabled application – SoftGrid Management Console – System Center Application Virtualization Streaming Server • SoftGrid Application Server or App-V server
– Microsoft SoftGrid Application Virtualization for Desktops • SoftGrid client MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Microsoft Application Virtualization 4.5 Environment (cont’d.) • Elements (cont’d.) – Microsoft Application Virtualization for Terminal Services – Microsoft Application Virtualization Sequencer • SoftGrid Sequencer
• Can stream SoftGrid-enabled applications – To a server hosting Microsoft Terminal Services
• SoftGrid-enabled applications – Created or sequenced on a server running the Microsoft Application Virtualization Sequencer MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-2 Microsoft Application Virtualization Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Microsoft Application Virtualization 4.5 Environment (cont’d.) • SoftGrid-enabled applications – Created or sequenced on a server running the Microsoft Application Virtualization Sequencer
• Microsoft Application Virtualization primary components – Microsoft System Center Application Virtualization Management Server – Microsoft System Center Application Virtualization Streaming Server
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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SoftGrid Sequencer • Includes a wizard-based tool – Used to create SoftGrid-enabled applications
• Application formulated in a package of several files – Published to the App-V server
• Completed package – Microsoft Application Virtualization-enabled application file (.sft) – One or more Open Software Description link files (.osd)
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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SoftGrid Sequencer (cont’d.) • Completed package (cont’d.) – One or more icon files (.ico) – A manifest XML file (.xml) – Microsoft Application Virtualization project (.sprj) file
• SoftGrid recipes – Used to create SoftGrid-enabled applications – Document including step-by-step instructions to create a SoftGrid-enabled application • Using the Soft-Grid Sequencer
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Interacting with Terminal Services • Possible to stream virtual applications – From an App-V server • To a Terminal Services server
• Benefit – Application runs on the Terminal Services server – Can eliminate compatibility problems: • With applications running on the host system
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Interacting with Terminal Services (cont’d.) • SoftGrid-enabled applications running on Terminal Services – Microsoft Application Virtualization for Terminal Services component added to the Terminal Services server • Manages connection between the Terminal Services server and the App-V server
• All user profile settings – Stored on the Terminal Services server
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-3 Client accessing SoftGrid-enabled application via Terminal Services Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Using Virtual PCs for Applications • Microsoft Virtual PC and Windows Virtual PC – Two similar virtual PC (VPC) environments • Used for desktop virtualization
– Both can host complete operating systems
• Desktop virtualization – Allows users to run legacy applications in a virtual environment • On a newer operating system
• Some applications running on Windows XP – Cannot run on Windows Vista or Windows 7 MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-4 Virtual PC machines running within host operating system Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Microsoft Virtual PC • Current version: Microsoft Virtual PC 2007 – Free download – Fully supported on Windows XP and Windows Vista
• Creates and runs VPC machines on the system • Installs any current Microsoft 32-bit operating systems – Some non-Microsoft operating systems too
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Windows Virtual PC
Figure 10-5 Windows Virtual PC with several VPC machines Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Windows Virtual PC (cont’d.) • Significant addition – Windows XP Mode
• Using Windows XP Mode – System must support hardware-assisted virtualization • Intel VT for Intel-based systems • AMD-V for AMD-based systems
– BIOS enabled for hardware assisted virtualization
• Free download • Installed on Windows 7 MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Windows Virtual PC (cont’d.) • Required components – Windows XP Mode and Windows Virtual PC – Once installed • Can install legacy applications on a Windows XP VPC image
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-6 Windows XP Mode on Windows 7 configured to automatically publish applications Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Installing and Using Windows XP Mode • Activity 10-1 (Optional): Installing Windows Virtual PC on Windows 7 • Activity 10-2 (Optional): Installing Windows XP Mode on Windows 7 • Activity 10-3 (Optional): Publishing a Windows XP Mode Application
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-7 Configuring logon credentials for XP Mode Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-8 Viewing the shortcut for a published XP Mode application Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-9 Windows Virtual PC with a published XP Mode application (Notepad) and a local instance of Notepad Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Server Virtualization • Allows single physical server to host multiple virtual servers • Hyper-V server role – Added in 64-bit versions of Windows Server 2008 Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions – Implements server virtualization
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-10 One physical server running Hyper-V and hosting five virtual servers Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Server Consolidation • Process of combining multiple physical servers onto a single virtual server • Useful for companies experiencing server sprawl • Benefits – – – –
Lower hardware costs Less power used Improved resource utilization Improved uptime
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V Prerequisites • Hardware prerequisites – x64 architecture – Processor must include virtualization option – Hardware Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-11 Enabling hardware Data Execution Prevention (DEP) Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V Prerequisites (cont’d.) • Operating system prerequisites – – – – – – –
Windows 2000 Server Windows Server 2003 and 2003 R2 servers Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 servers SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Windows 7 Windows Vista Windows XP
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V and Server Licenses • Windows Server 2008 Standard – Includes one additional license for a virtual server
• Windows Server 2008 Enterprise – Includes four additional licenses for virtual servers
• Windows Server 2008 Datacenter – Includes an unlimited number of licenses for virtual servers
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V Virtual Networks • Virtual Network Manager – Creates additional virtual networks – Reconfigures existing virtual network
• Different virtual machines – Configurable to use different virtual networks
• Different levels of connectivity – External – Internal only – Private virtual machine network MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-12 Hyper-V Virtual Network Manager Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V Manager • Primary tool used to manage virtual servers • Installed when Hyper-V role added to a Windows Server 2008 server • Use – Create virtual machines from scratch – Import virtual machines over the network from another Hyper-V server – Remove virtual servers – Modify properties of an existing virtual server
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-13 Hyper-V Manager hosting three virtual systems Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V Manager (cont’d.) • Activity 10-4 (Optional): Adding the Hyper-V Role
Figure 10-14 Adding the Hyper-V role Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-15 Selecting the shared network adapter Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Hyper-V Manager (cont’d.) • Activity 10-5 (Optional): Creating a New Virtual Machine
Figure 10-16 Configuring the virtual hard disk Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Virtualization Management • Process of managing multiple virtual servers – Usually hosted on multiple physical servers
• Single physical server hosting virtual servers – Managed using the console on the physical server
• Organization with dozens of physical servers – All hosting multiple virtual servers • Difficult to manage and administer
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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System Center Virtual Machine Manager • Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) – Provides a virtualization management solution – Used for large-scale management of virtual servers hosted with Hyper-V – Includes wizards to help consolidate underutilized physical servers
• SCVMM available versions – SCVMM 2007 – SCVMM 2008 R2 MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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System Center Virtual Machine Manager (cont’d.) • Includes sophisticated tools – Provide help in migrating virtual servers from one physical server to another
• Includes wizards – Help identify best physical server location when migrated to a virtual server
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Figure 10-17 Hyper-V Manager hosting three virtual systems Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Summary • Application virtualization – Allows users to run applications without installing them on their host system – Provides application streaming
• Virtual applications prepared using a sequencer • Microsoft’s Application Virtualization 4.5 (App-V) – Streams virtual applications to clients
• SoftGrid-enabled applications – Prepared using the Microsoft Application Virtualization Sequencer (SoftGrid Sequencer) MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Summary (cont’d.) • Microsoft Virtual PC used for desktop virtualization • Windows Virtual PC – Upgrade to Microsoft Virtual PC – Runs on Windows 7
• Server virtualization – Allows a single physical server to host multiple virtual servers
• Hyper-V role allows a server to host multiple virtual servers MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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Summary (cont’d.) • Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager (SCVMM) – Part of the System Center suite of server products – Includes tools and wizards • To assist with maintenance and administration of largescale virtual environments
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Administration (Exam #70-647)
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