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IPPU Sector 10
Table ES3-3 1990-2019 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Produced by Industrial Process and Product Use Sector (IPPU) in Taiwan
GHG Emission Sources and Sinks
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Total CO2 Emission 2.A Mining Industry (Non-metal Products) 2.B Chemical Industry 2.C Metal Process 2.H Others Total CH4 Emission Total N2O Emission 2.B Chemical Industry 2.C Metal Process 2.E Electronics Industry Total HFCs Emission 2.B Chemical Industry 2.E Electronics Industry 2.F Alternatives to Ozone-depleting Substances Total PFCs Emission (2.E Electronics Industry) Total SF6 Emission 2.C Metal Process 2.E Electronics Industry 2.G Manufacturing and Use of Other Products Total NF3 Emission (2.E Electronics Industry) Total Emission from IPPU Sector
(Unit: Kilotons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents)
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
18,178 18,985 19,369 19,529 17,644 17,219 16,557 15,199 15,525 14,553 8,616 9,577 9,333 9,866 8,728 8,345 7,108 6,262 6,403 6,501 1,750 1,768 1,714 1,749 1,884 1,854 1,760 1,709 1,684 1,666 7,792 7,620 8,301 7,894 7,013 7,000 7,670 7,208 7,419 6,368 20 20 21 19 19 20 19 20 19 17 23 15 23 25 26 15 27 24 27 26 1,877 1,805 1,717 1,582 1,557 1,550 1,744 1,944 2,067 1,961 1,170 1,195 1,016 780 728 691 961 1,114 1,110 931 119 NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE 588 611 701 802 829 860 783 830 957 1,030 971 1,053 907 1,019 1,048 1,020 1,026 1,023 1,013 1,027 NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE NE 201 172 124 207 220 170 191 202 201 181 770 881 783 812 828 851 835 821 811 846 1,770 1,781 1,141 1,345 1,556 1,347 1,441 1,409 1,536 1,420 2,218 1,918 1,852 1,997 1,730 1,523 1,418 1,416 1,302 935 57 50 30 38 33 43 41 59 81 43 1,923 1,615 1,628 1,800 1,552 1,351 1,295 1,278 1,072 781 238 252 195 160 146 128 82 79 149 110 258 420 388 773 667 662 472 440 509 473 25,296 25,977 25,397 26,270 24,228 23,336 22,684 21,456 21,979 20,394 Note: NO (not happened). Taiwanes coal has been discontinued since 2001.
3. Agriculture Sector
In 2019, the greenhouse gas emissions from the agriculture sector totaled 3,301 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents, accounting for 1.15% of the total greenhouse gas emission in Taiwan, approximately down by 34.63% compared to 5,049 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents in 1990, with an average annual growth rate of -1.46%, as shown in Table ES3.4. Emissions produced by the agriculture sector in 2019 decreased by 16.85% compared to 2005(Base year). Compared to 2018, the greenhouse gas emissions from the agriculture sector in 2019 were down by 1.38%. In particular, greenhouse gas emissions from 3.D “agricultural soil” accounted for 35.88%, greenhouse gas emissions from 3.B “livestock waste treatment” accounted for 27.23%, greenhouse gas emissions from 3.C “rice culturing” accounted for 18.50%, greenhouse gas emissions from 3.A “livestock gastrointestinal fermentation” accounted for 17.41%, greenhouse gas emissions from 3.H “ urea use ” accounted for 0.89%, and greenhouse gas emissions from 3.F “field burning of agricultural residues” accounted for 0.10%, as shown in Figure ES3.6.
The main greenhouse gas sequestrated by the land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector is carbon dioxide, while the change in the annual sequestration does not vary much with the exception of trends in minor fluctuations
2005
2.A. Mining Industry (Non-metal Products) 38.29% 2.B. Chemical Industry 9.28% 2.C. Metal Industry 20.85% 2.D. Non-Energy Products from Fuels and Solvent Use 0.00% 2.E. Electronics Industry 23.00% 2.F. Alternatives to Ozone-depleting Substances 3.39% 2.G. Manufacturing and Use of Other Products 5.11% 2.H. Others 0.07% 2.A. Mining Industry (Non-metal Products) 31.88% 2.B. Chemical Industry 12.86% 2.C. Metal Industry 31.44% 2.D. Non-Energy Products from Fuels and Solvent Use 0.00% 2.E. Electronics Industry 19.05% 2.F. Alternatives to Ozone-depleting Substances 4.15% 2.G. Manufacturing and Use of Other Products 0.54% 2.H. Others 0.08%
2019
Figure ES3.5 Percentage of Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Industrial Process and Product Use Sectors in Taiwan in 2005 (left)and 2019(right).
Table ES3.4 1990-2019 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Produced by Agriculture Sector in Taiwan
(Unit: Kilotons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents)
Total CO2 Emission Total CH4 Emission 3.A Livestock Gastrointestinal Fermentation
142 146 139 131 135 151 151 134 127 118 2,914 3,100 3,018 3,025 3,012 3,079 3,085 2,672 2,421 2,517 670 731 738 775 789 822 822 732 674 694
3.B Livestock Waste Treatment 3.C Rice Culturing 3.F Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Total N2O Emission 3.B Livestock Waste Treatment
1,112 1,304 1,266 1,282 1,312 1,371 1,398 1,062 884 971 1,094 1,040 968 946 891 879 858 871 858 845 38 25 48 22 21 7 7 7 6 7 1,994 2,048 1,977 2,008 1,997 1,991 2,028 1,800 1,683 1,665 145 164 162 165 173 180 188 160 145 154
3.D Agricultural Soil 3.F Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Total Emission From Agriculture Sector
1,837 1,876 1,800 1,837 1,818 1,808 1,838 1,638 1,536 1,509 12 8 15 7 6 2 2 2 2 2 5,049 5,294 5,134 5,164 5,145 5,221 5,263 4,606 4,231 4,301
Total CO2 Emission Total CH4 Emission 3.A Livestock Gastrointestinal Fermentation
131 94 93 82 84 62 59 57 57 55 2,511 2,425 2,290 2,188 2,110 2,228 2,197 2,116 2,056 2,006 692 660 636 626 614 623 614 609 584 571
3.B Livestock Waste Treatment 3.C Rice Culturing 3.F Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Total N2O Emission 3.B Livestock Waste Treatment
1,003 959 913 909 915 957 945 888 861 825 802 792 729 644 574 640 630 616 604 605 14 15 13 9 8 8 8 5 6 5 1,879 1,801 1,806 1,674 1,787 1,680 1,709 1,670 1,587 1,616 158 152 147 148 147 153 153 146 145 141
3.D Agricultural Soil 3.F Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Total Emission From Agriculture Sector
1,717 1,644 1,655 1,524 1,639 1,524 1,554 1,522 1,440 1,474 4 5 4 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 4,521 4,320 4,189 3,944 3,981 3,969 3,966 3,844 3,700 3,678
Total CO2 Emission Total CH4 Emission 3.A Livestock Gastrointestinal Fermentation
54 53 55 45 40 38 34 31 30 29 2,003 2,034 2,010 1,997 1,947 1,927 1,933 1,932 1,932 1,942 578 590 583 579 566 573 561 564 572 575
3.B Livestock Waste Treatment
831 843 807 781 750 744 740 738 743 754
3.C Rice Culturing 3.F Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Total N2O Emission 3.B Livestock Waste Treatment
589 596 614 634 626 605 629 626 615 611 5 5 5 3 4 5 3 3 2 2 1,598 1,540 1,564 1,497 1,490 1,459 1,456 1,406 1,385 1,330 141 142 139 137 136 136 138 139 141 145
3.D Agricultural Soil 3.F Field Burning of Agricultural Residues Total Emission From Agriculture Sector
1,456 1,396 1,424 1,359 1,353 1,322 1,318 1,266 1,243 1,184 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3,655 3,627 3,630 3,540 3,476 3,423 3,424 3,369 3,347 3,301
2005
3.A. Livestock Gastrointestinal Fermentation 15.69% 3.B. Livestock Waste Treatment 27.95%
3.C. Rice Culturing 16.13% 3.D. Agricultural Soil 38.40%
3.F. Field Burning of Agricultural
Residues 0.26%
3.H. Urea Application 1.57% 2019
3.A. Livestock Gastrointestinal Fermentation 17.41% 3.B. Livestock Waste Treatment 27.23%
3.C. Rice Culturing 18.50% 3.D. Agricultural Soil 35.88%
3.F. Field Burning of Agricultural
Residues 0.10%
3.H. Urea Application 0.89%
Figure ES3.6 Percentage of Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Agriculture Sectors in Taiwan in 2005 (left)and 2019(right).
for the sequestration in the past. It is mainly because of the increased sequestration from the annual growth of forest resources while the sequestration reduced from the increased sequestration of forestation and the forest interference is less. The greenhouse gas emission from land use and forestry sector in Taiwan from 1990 to 2019 (mainly consisting of carbon dioxide sequestration by forestry resources) is shown in Table ES3.5. The carbon dioxide sequestration by forestry sector in 1990 was 23,386 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents. Compared to 2005(base year), the sequestration in 2019 were down by 2.18%. The sequestration in 2019 was 21,440 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents, down by 0.31% compared with 2018. The carbon dioxide sequestration between 1990 and 2019 decreased by 8.32% with an average annual growth rate of -0.30%. 5. Waste sector
In 1990, The greenhouse gas emissions by waste sector was 7,573 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents. The emissions from the waste sector in 2019 were 2,703 kilotons of carbon dioxide equivalents, approximately accounting for 0.94% of the total greenhouse gas emission in Taiwan (as shown in Table ES3.6), down by 64.30% compared with 1990, with an average annual growth of -3.49%. Emissions produced by the waste sector in 2019 decreased by 63.12% compared to 2005(Base year). Compared to 2018, the greenhouse gas emissions from the waste sector in 2019 were down by 1.83%.Among the waste sector’s emissions in 2019, greenhouse gas emissions from 5.D “wastewater treatment and discharge” accounted for 65.81%, followed by greenhouse gas emissions from 5.A “solid waste disposal", accounting for 24.26%, greenhouse gas emissions from 5.C “waste incineration and opening burning” , accounting for 8.21%, greenhouse gas emissions from 5.B “waste biological disposal“, accounting for 1.73%, as shown in Figure ES3.7.
Table ES3.5 1990-2019 Changes in Carbon Sequestration by Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) Sector in Taiwan
(Unit: Kilotons of Carbon Dioxide Equivalents) GHG Emission Sources and Sinks 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
4.A.1 Forests Maintaining Forests
4.A.2 Other Lands Turned to Forests Biomass Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2G) Biomass Carbon Emissions ( △ CO2L) Biomass Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2G)
-23,902 -23,902 -23,713 -23,524 -23,335 -23,146 -22,957 -22,768 -22,579 -2,390
607 2,503a 333 216 190 202 559 266 326 401
-91 -91 -136 -185 -233 -288 -319 -397 -446 -561
Total Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2) -23,386 -21,490 -23,516 -23,493 -23,379 -23,233 -22,717 -22,899 -22,699 -22,550 GHG Emission Sources and Sinks 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
4.A.1 Forests Maintaining Forests
4.A.2 Other Lands Turned to Forests Biomass Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2G) Biomass Carbon Emissions ( △ CO2L) Biomass Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2G)
-22,201 -22,012 -21,823 -21,633 -21,444 -21,255 -21,066 -20,877 -20,688 -20,499
389 1,112b 167 227 243 369 251 308 199 2,753c
-665 -683 -759 -899 -995 -1,032 -1,046 -1,080 -1,142 -1,166
Total Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2) -22,476 -21,583 -22,415 -22,305 -22,196 -21,918 -21,861 -21,650 -21,631 -18,911 GHG Emission Sources and Sinks 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
4.A.1 Forests Maintaining Forests
4.A.2 Other Lands Turned to Forests Biomass Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2G) Biomass Carbon Emissions ( △ CO2L) Biomass Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2G)
-20,392 -20,409 -20,435 -20,473 -20,508 -20,546 -20,575 -20,612 -20,656 -20,710
218 140 145 135 197 189 153 107 83 116
-1,240 -1,202 -1,194 -1,161 -1,099 -1,068 -1,029 -980 -934 -845
Total Carbon Sequestration ( △ CO2) -21,413 -21,470 -21,484 -21,499 -21,410 -21,425 -21,451 -21,486 -21,507 -21,440
Note: a. In 1991, a total of 7 disasters occurred, including typhoon disasters and forest fires, covering a total area of 295.74 hectares, with a volume of 1,348,998.61 square meters damaged and a volume loss of 1,348,992.06 square meters. b. In addition to the five forest fires that occurred in Takivatan, Lishan Mountain, East Peak of Mt. Shei, and Yangmingshan National Park, there were 59 breaking out of small fire in 2001, and the fire damaged area up to 395 square meters, causing heavy loss of forest resources. c. In 2009, the typhoon Morakot caused severe disasters in central and southern Taiwan, especially in Kaohsiung and parts of Pingtung, dropped more than 2,500 millimeters of rain and produced about 1.25 million tons of driftwood, causing large losses in volume of wood.
