3>))'/&$%)$1.)*!#+)2$#$
/.1!,%$()*,%#.H# Perm Moscow
Copenhagen
Kazan
Nizhniy Novgorod
Ufa Minsk
Hamburg Berlin
Yekaterinburg Chelyabinsk
Samara
Warsaw
Cologne Kiev
Prague
Volgograd
Dnepropetrovsk
Vienna
Munich
Kharkov
Donetsk
Budapest
Zürich
Rostov-on-Don
Odessa
Milan
Belgrade
Turin
Bucharest
Black Sea
Sofia
Istanbul
Rome Naples Izmir
Bursa
Caspian Sea
Tbilisi
Tabriz
Athens Gaziantep Aleppo Mosul
Adana
Mediterranean Sea Beirut
Total trade volume with Turkey in 2008 (millions of US$) 0 – 1,000 1,001 – 5,000 5,001 – 10,000 10,001 – 25,000 above 25,000
Haifa Tel Aviv
Benghazi
Tripoli
Baku
Yerevan
Ankara
Homs
Tehran
Mashhad
Qom
Damascus Amman
Baghdad
Esfahan Ahvaz
Alexandria Cairo
Population
Karaj
Erbil
Shiraz
Kuwait City
1 million 2.5 million
The Gulf
5 million 7 million
Riyadh
Medina
Dubai
Red Sea 10 million
Mecca
Jidda
The map above shows Istanbul in its regional context, highlighting all cities of over a million inhabitants and showing Turkey’s trade relationships with other countries in the region. Istanbul is among the top five largest cities in the region, with all of the other major cities to its east. With the exception of Iran, Turkey does not have significant trade relationships with its immediate neighbours: its major trading partners are Russia, Germany, China, Italy and the United States.
!"#$%&'( •
1,000 per cent population increase since 1950, the highest of the OECD’s 78 metro-cities.
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12.7 million people in the area governed by IMM (Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality), over 15 million in the metropolitan region.
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Net migration rate has slowed from 10.76 per cent in 1990 to 0.2 per cent in 2008, compared to a 1.57 per cent projected growth rate between 2008 and 2023.
#'/<.+ • • • • • •
•
Turkey is among the top five fastest growing OECD economies between 2000 to 2008 (measured by GDP at Purchasing Power Parity) alongside Slovakia, Ireland, Norway and Spain.
37 per cent of the population works in manufacturing, producing 80 per cent of the city’s exports.
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24 per cent of the national population worked in agriculture in 2008, producing 8 per cent of national GDP.
50 per cent of housing is or was informal.
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27 per cent of the national population worked in manufacturing and construction in 2008, producing 24 per cent of national GDP.
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50 per cent of the national population worked in services in 2008, producing 58 per cent of national GDP.
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Differences in growth rates among regions in the same country were larger than 6 percentage points in Turkey, Poland, Hungary, Greece and the United Kingdom, suggesting that national performance has been driven by the dynamism of a limited number of local regions. Between 1995 and 2005 Turkey had the largest regional differences in GDP growth of all OECD countries.
60 per cent of the population works in the service sector. 30 per cent of the population works informally.
99 per cent of the population has access to municipal services.
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Main internal immigration is from the Black Sea and the middle and south-eastern Anatolian regions.
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Istanbul has the highest residential density in Europe: 68,602 people/km² peak density; 20,116 people/km² central area density.
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The city is run by the IMM (Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality), with a directly elected mayor.
2.72 tonnes of carbon emission and 383 kg of waste produced per person per year.
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27 per cent of national GDP, 38 per cent of national industrial output, more than 50 per cent of national service output and 40 per cent of national tax revenues come from the functional metropolitan region.
2,267 kWh of electricity and 56,575 litres of water consumed per person per year.
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148.2 km of rail, with a further 160 km due in 2015, in the core of Istanbul province.
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Like Greece and Portugal, 10 per cent of the regions with the highest output contributed to over half or more of the national GDP.
50 per cent higher productivity than the national average.
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138.5 cars per 1,000 people in Istanbul, 45 per cent of the population walks; average commuting time of 48 minutes.
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Turkey has by far the greatest specialisation in construction industry in the OECD countries, followed by Mexico, Germany, France and the UK.
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3 murders per 100,000 people but 44 per cent of the population is concerned about security and crime.
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95 cars per 1,000 people, the lowest private car ownership rate of all the OECD countries.
• • • • •
60 per cent of Turkey’s total trade goes through Istanbul. 11.2 per cent unemployment rate in 2008.
6.4 m² of green space per person in the province, compared to London’s 26.9 m², New York’s 29.1 m² and Stockholm’s 87.5 m² but only 1 m² of green space per person within the central built-up area.
This data is drawn from the OECD International Reviews: Istanbul, Turkey and other Urban Age Research.