1.2
Singular and Plural Nouns
OBJECTIVES • To identify and use singular and plural nouns • To form the plurals of regular nouns; nouns ending in -s, -x, -z, -ch, and -sh; and irregular nouns ending in -y, -f, or -fe
DAILY MAINTENANCE Assign Practice Book page 2, Section 1.2. After students finish, 1. Give immediate feedback. 2. Review concepts as needed. 3. Model the correct answer. Pages 4–5 of the Answer Key contain tips for Daily Maintenance.
PRACTICE EXERCISE 1 Review how the plurals of most nouns are formed. Have partners complete this exercise. Encourage students to use the rules in the text if needed. You may wish to suggest that students form their own charts, listing the words according to how the plural form is made. EXERCISE 2 Review common and proper nouns. Then complete item 1 with the class. Have students complete the rest of the activity independently.
Have volunteers share their answers and explain how they decided which nouns were singular and which were plural. EXERCISE 3 Have students complete this exercise independently. Remind them to check the rules in the text if needed. Ask volunteers to share their answers with the class.
WARM-UP Make five sets of plural word puzzles, using sentences strips or note cards. Write the singular and plural forms of each word and cut them apart to make puzzle pieces. Use words whose plurals are formed in a variety of ways. Place each set of puzzle pieces in an envelope. Have students work in small groups to put the puzzle pieces together.
1.2
A singular noun tells about one person, place, or thing. A plural noun tells about more than one. Sally Ride was an astronaut. (singular) Sally Ride and Kathryn Sullivan were astronauts. (plural)
The plural of most nouns is formed by adding -s to the singular form.
Read from a piece of writing that the class is currently reading. Emphasize the singular and plural nouns.
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
ship
ships
airport
airports
Add -es to form the plural of nouns ending in -s, -x, -z, -ch, and -sh. SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
box
boxes
watch
watches
For nouns ending in -y after a consonant, change the -y to -i and add -es.
TEACH Ask volunteers to read aloud the definition of a singular noun and a plural noun. Ask volunteers to write on the board singular nouns and their plural forms from the Warm-Up. Discuss similarities and differences among the plural forms. Have volunteers read aloud the rules for forming plural nouns. Ask volunteers to identify which rule applies to each Warm-Up noun on the board. Then challenge students to provide several more examples for each rule.
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
baby
babies
cherry
cherries
For nouns ending in -y after a vowel, add -s. SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
day
days
valley
valleys
For most nouns ending in -f or -fe, add -s. SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
roof
roofs
safe
safes
For some nouns ending in -f or -fe, form the plural by changing the -f or -fe to -v and adding -es.
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4 • Section 1.2
Singular and Plural Nouns
•
Section 1.2
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
leaf
leaves
shelf
shelves