Designing for the Creative Entrepreneur: A Case Study in the Grand Center Arts District, St. Louis

Contents i. Introduction................................................................1 1. Coworking in St. Louis...............................................4

The BHive

CIC St. Louis Covo Nebula Nexcore

Regus St. Louis

STL Fusion TechArtista T-Rex RISE ThriveCo

UCity Co-Working

2. Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs....................32

c3 lab CultureWorks Oakstop Matchbox

Moonlighter Makerspace

RBA Creative

SmART Space Studio

3. Arts Districts.............................................................48

Baltimore Station North - Baltimore, MD Crossroads Arts District - Kansas City, MO RiNo - Denver, CO Wynwood Arts District - Miami, FL

4. Historical Narrative...................................................66

Historic Maps Timeline

Building History

5. Demographics.........................................................80 Census Data

Geographic Mapping

6. Design Proposal.......................................................94

Existing Conditions

Design Methodology Design Proposal

References.............................................................116

Coworking noun

/.kō’wǝrkiNG/

The use of an office or other working environment by people who are self-employed or working for different employers, typically so as to share equipment, ideas, and knowledge.

“The whole idea of coworking is to bring creative people together and let the ideas collide” - Lexico by Oxford Dictionary

Creative Entrepreneur noun

/.krē’ādiv äntrǝprǝ’nǝr/

A self-employed individual specializing in a creative skill set seeking to advance a business through their craft. Their unique thought process and training allows them to place creative and intellectual capital at the forefront of their business model to provide new and innovate products.

Introduction In collaboration with community partners at Grand Center Inc. the following research and design proposal is intended to investigate ways that cities can support entrepreneurship in the creative economy. This is in an effort to contribute to the betterment of St. Louis’s artistic culture and urban fabric, particularly in the Grand Center Arts District neighborhood.

Historically, Grand Center has been a hub for creative endeavors in the performance and fine arts fields. Unfortunately beginning in the late 1930s until the mid-1960s the area experienced a period of decline, but has since made significant efforts and achievements towards revitalizing the creative community. Notably Grand Boulevard houses some of the most vibrant theatres in the area and is intersected by Washington Boulevard with a series of museums and home of Grand Center Inc. Christner Inc., a local St. Louis architecture firm, has worked with Grand Center Inc. to conceive of a shared coworking space for entrepreneurs in creative occupations - such as industrial designs, photography, writing, animation, video game design, fashion design, etc. - that may simultaneously act as an educational workshop space for the community. The ideation is supported by research into national case studies, policies, economics, business models, and spatial and urban design strategies. Additionally, it results in a design proposal for a property currently owned by Grand Center Inc. and includes ideas about the larger urban environment.

Larissa Sattler Larissa.Sattler.Arch@gmail.com Christner Inc. Jeff.Ryan@Christnerinc.com

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Coworking in St. Louis Coworking opportunities in St. Louis exist primarily in four locations around the city and county; Clayton, the Central West End, Downtown, and between Fox Park and Gravois Park. These spaces have been used to launch start-ups by reducing initial risk and fostering a collaborative and professional environment.

Amenities Offered by all Coworking Spaces in St. Louis • 24/7 access for members • Conference room rentals • Coffee/ tea • Phone room • Mail service • Kitchen or kitchenette • Programmed events or networking • Wifi

Levels of Membership • Mail Service......................................$30 - 50/month • Hourly............................................... $2/hr. or $12 - 15/day • Drop-In/Co-Working......................... $40 - 250/month • Dedicated Desk................................$100 - 385/month • Private Office....................................$200 - 600+/month • Conference Room Rental................ $40+/hr. (varies based on membership) • Event Space Rental......................... $100+/hr. (varies based on membership)

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Coworking in St. Louis Bhive

4661 Maryland Ave. Central West End

CIC St. Louis

Cortex District Central West End

Covo

401 Pine St. Downtown

Nebula

3407 S. Jefferson Ave. Gravois Park

Nexcore

2631 Gravois Ave. Fox Park

Regus St. Louis 100 S. 4th St. Downtown

STL Fusion

555 Washington Ave. Downtown

TechArtista

4818 Washington Ave. Central West End

T-Rex

911 Washington Ave. Downtown

Clayton

Office Evolution

231 S. Bemiston Ave. Clayton

Regus St. Louis

7733 Forsyth Blvd.

7777 Bonhomme Ave. Clayton

RISE

8820 Ladue Rd. Clayton

ThriveCo

222 S. Meramec Ave. Clayton

0’

500’ 1000’

2000’

1

Conference Room

Conference Room

Private Office

Coworking in St. Louis | 9

The BHive 4661 Maryland Ave. Central West End 3,000 sq. ft.

A quaint and homely coworking space in the Central West End that offers spaces for both the creative and sophisticated worker. Individuals are invited to take advantage of the coworking and private office spaces during the day and attend networking events, speakers, and entertainment in the evenings.

Amenities Catering

• Private office space • Work space • Event catering • Luncheons • Programmed events and entertainment • Conference room rentals

Memberships

• Price ranges depending on need

The Bhive. “The BHive: A New Way to Work.” https://www.bhive.space/ Private Office

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Cafe and open workspace

Open Workspace

Private Office

Open workspace

Coworking in St. Louis | 11

CIC St. Louis 4240 Duncan Ave. (32,000 sq. ft) 4220 Duncan Ave. (41,000 sq. ft.)

20 S. Sarah St. ( 84,000 sq. ft.)

Central West End, Cortex District

Cafe and open workspace

CIC is an international coworking community with an emphasis on science and technology founded in Boston.

Currently CIC has 3 locations in St. Louis partnered with the Cortex district and includes amenities to foster STEM based businesses such as a fully stocked research wet lab.

Amenities

Conference Room

• Dedicated phones • Printing/ copying • Furnished • Unmetered conference rooms • Kitchens • Concierge services • Event space • Community events • International co-working spaces • International network management • Mother’s room • Game room • Gym • Shower • 24/7 access • month-to-month terms • paid on-site parking • Wet lab space

Memberships

• Co-working ($250/ month) • Dedicated Desk ($385/ month) • Private Office ($583+/ month)

CIC. “CIC St. Louis.” https://cic.com/stlouis Lobby

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Event programming

Open Workspace

Event space

Dedicated desk

Conference room

Conference room

Coworking in St. Louis | 13

Covo 401 Pine St. Downtown 40,000 sq. ft.

Open workspace

Covo’s spacious location downtown offers coworking, a coffee and cocktail bar, and event space rental all in one location. Individuals can begin working with membership benefits ranging from hourly open seating to dedicated office spaces.

Amenities

Private Office

• 24/7 member access • Conference rooms • Print/ copy room • Coffee/tea/cocktails • Events • Mail • Phone booths • Free signage • Secure access • Classroom • Cleaning service • Healthy vending • Loyalty program • Bike room • Storage • Pet friendly • Nap room • Happy hour

Memberships

• Hourly ($2/hr., $12/ day, $16/day + parking) • Unlimited Drop-in ($75/month) • Open Seating 24/7 access ($150/ month) • Dedicated Desk ($250/month) • Private Office ($400+/month) COVO. “COVO St. Louis.” https://stl.hellocovo. com/ Bar and cafe

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Open Workspace

Kitchenette

Private Office

Open workspace

Coworking in St. Louis | 15

Nebula 3047 S. Jefferson Ave. Gravois Park 25,500 sq. ft.

Conference Room

Nebula has been open since 2010 as the first coworking space in St. Louis. It currently provides a variety of workspace options for independent contractors, small businesses, nonprofits, and creative professionals in the forms of informal lounges, conference rooms, dedicated desks, and private offices. With two locations, of equal rustic charm, within walking distance from one another, Nebula’s main office and the Schoolhouse, the options to find a place for your preferred working style are greatly increased.

Amenities

Private Office

• 24/7 access • Meeting rooms (6-10 people) • Mail service • Secure bike storage • Copy center • Pet friendly • Strage units • Private parking • Local art • Photo gallery

Memberships

• Mail Service ($50/month) • Day Pass ($15/day) • Drop-in ($125/month) • Dedicated Desk ($250/month) • Office/studio ($500/month) • Storefront (varies)

Nebula. “Nebula.” https://nebulastl.com/ Dedicated desk

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Open Workspace

Open Workspace

Phone Booths

Conference Room

Podcast Studio

Coworking in St. Louis | 17

NexCore 2631 Gravois Ave. Fox Park 15,000 sq. ft.

Dedicacted Desks

NexCore is situated on the edge of Fox Park, a resilient community, to provide a collaborative workspace and act as a business accelerator. Membership and amenities are geared towards business growth through marketing, media, coaching, consulting, virtual solutions, and networking services.

Amenities

Kitchenette

• 24/access • Unlimited printing • Conference rooms • Podcast/ media/ studio room • Photo studio • Phone booth • Snacks and refreshments • Fitness center • Washer/ dryer • Smart tvs • Member lounge and patio • Kitchen • Notary services • Directory listing • Google enabled building • Workshops/ events • Classes and coaching • Lockers • Personal development library

Memberships

• Day Pass ($15/day, $60/week, $199/month) • Dedicated Desk ($100/month) • Private Office ($450+/month) • Studio ($149/month) • Member ( $179/month) • Premimum ($349/month) • Studio Premimum ($249/month) NexCore. “NexCore.” https://thenexcore.com/ Lobby and Co-working Area

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Classroom

Open Workspace

Private Office - Forsyth

Coworking in St. Louis | 19

Regus St. Louis 100 S. 4th St. Downtown

Conference Room

Meeting Room

7733 Forsyth Blvd.

7777 Bonhomme Ave. Clayton

Regus has an extensive international network of coworking spaces in 120 countries occupying over 900 cities.

Membership can be catered towards the business traveler looking for a space to work while traveling and allows access to any business center location.

Amenities

• Varies by size and location of spaces • Ranges from airport lounges to private office spaces

Memberships

• Varies by size and location • Membership grants access to any Regus location around the world Regus. “Office Space in St. Louis.” https://www. regus.com/offices/united-states/missouri/st-louis Private Office - S. 4th St.

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Open Workspace

Open Workspace

Main Stairs

Open Workspace

Coworking in St. Louis | 21

STL Fusion 555 Washington Ave. Downtown 8,600 sq. ft.

Conference Room

STL Fusion, formerly Industrious, is situated at the center of downtown St. Louis and a block away from the convention center making an ideal coworking location for business professionals seeking a traditional office environment.

Amenities

Networking Event Space

• 24/7 accesss • Free printing • Mail services • Member events • Free beverages and refreshments • Phone rooms • Free standard signage • Cleaning services • Conference rooms • Monthly massage

Memberships

• Co-working - common area access • Dedicated - permanent desk • Office - private office • Event - 1-400 people capacity

STLFusion. “STLFusion: A Professional Coworking space.” https://www.stlfusion.com/ Private Office

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Open Workspace

Open Workspace

Main Stairs

Gallery

Coworking in St. Louis | 23

TechArtista 4818 Washington Ave. Central West End 13,500 sq. ft.

Conference Room

A coworking space for creative thinkers that incorporates a café and art gallery to foster innovation rooted in the arts.

This space aims to grow individuals, businesses, artists, and institutions, with the capacity to host artists in residence.

Additional amenities exist through a growing community of partnerships.

Amenities

Private Office

• 24/7 access for members • Conference & meeting rooms • Kitchen, coffee, beer, and cafe • Washer/ dryer • Showers • Wifi & Utilities included • Unlimited color printing • Front desk personell • Free street parking • Event space access • Curated programming and networking • Gym & discounted wellness training • Discounted salon • Outdoor workspaces • Mail/ package service • Basic office supplies • Phone booth • Mother’s room

Memberships

• Day Pass ($15/ day) • Virtual ($50/ month) • Drop-in ($125/ month) • Dedicated Desk ($250/ month) • Private Office ($600+/ month) • Meeting Room ($40/ hr. non-member) • Event Space ($100/ hr. non-membet) • Coffee Club ($50/ month) • Gated Parking ($50/ month) TechArtista. “TechArtista: A Collaborative Working Environment.” https://www.techartista.org/ Event Space - Atrium

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Bar and Cafe

Open Workspace

Phone Booths

Open Workspace

Coworking in St. Louis | 25

T-Rex 911 Washington Ave. Downtown 18,000 sq. ft.

Conference Room

T-REX is a non-profit coworking space, technology incubator, and entrepreneur resource center aimed at strengthening the local economy through startups.

Entrepreneurs are provided with the tools needs to reduce risk, foster creativity, and accelerate their professional growth. Incubator spaces are only available to tech startups; however, any individual or business to welcome to use the members coworking space.

Amenities

Private Office

• Dedicated internet • Community space • Conference rooms • Phone booths • Game room • Kitchenette • Coffee and Bar

Memberships

• Member ($50/month) • Incubator Space ($200-600/month) reserved for tech start-ups only

T-Rex. “T-Rex.” http://www.downtowntrex.org/ Open Workspace

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Open Coworking

Reception

Conference Room

Coworking in St. Louis | 27

Office Evolution 231 S Bemiston Ave., Suite 800.

Clayton 9,000 sq. ft.

Meeting Room

National coworking spaces that offer private office spaces and virtual offices to sole proprietors and small businesses. Members can utilize day offices nationwide when traveling for convenient office spaces and business essentials on the go.

Amenities

• 24/7 access • Reserved workstations • Conference room with member discounts • Mail • Business address • Coffee and tea • Wifi

Memberships

• Coworking ($99/month) • Dedicated Desk ($600/month) • Conference Room ($40/hr) • Dedicated Desk ($600/month) • Phone Answering ($149/month) • Business Address ($79/month)

Open Coworking

Office Evolution. “Office Evolution: Clayton St. Louis.” https://www.officeevolution.com/locations/ clayton

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Open Workspace

Open Workspace

Conference Room

Networking Event

Coworking in St. Louis | 29

RISE 8820 Ladue Rd. Clayton 6,000+ sq. ft.

Classroom

A space for female professionals and entrepreneurs to engage in a collaborative workspace, take advantage of networking programming and mentorship opportunities. The friendly and welcoming environment welcomes females from a variety of backgrounds at the high school level or professional business level

Amenities

Private Office

• 11 private offices • 1 large classroom • 3 conference rooms • 2 phone/ mother’s rooms • flexible workstations • Parking • Event and network hosting • Online directory • Reception • Mentoring • Lockers • Dry Cleaning • Mail

Memberships

• Student ($25/month) • Social ($40/month) • Part-time ($120/month) • Full-time ($200/month) • Platinum ($350/month) • Private Office • Room and Event Space

RISE. “RISE: Collaborative Workspace.” https:// www.riseworkspace.com/ Event Space

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Open Workspace

Phone Booth and Refreshment Bar

Open Workspace

Event Space and Open Workspace

Coworking in St. Louis | 31

ThriveCo 222 South Meramec Ave. Clayton 5,000 sq. ft.

Conference Room

ThriveCo is a traditional business professional coworking space that includes additional business accelerating services such as concierge services and sources of capital.

Amenities

• Concierge services • Small business loans • Venture capital • Yogo classes • Bike rentals • Childcare • Gym membership • Print/ copy room • Phone booth • Parking • Company website listing • Networking events Lobby

Memberships

• Part-Time ($350/month) • Full-Time ($600/month) • Coworking ($200/month) • Community ($50/month) • Mail Service ($30/month)

Open Workspace

ThriveCo. “ThriveCo: A Personalized Coworking space in St. Louis County.” https://www.thrive-coworking.com/

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Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs The organization of coworking spaces for creative entrepreneurs appear to fall under three categories or combination of the following: business accelerators, artist studio spaces, and maker shops. Business accelerators are aimed at fostering the economic growth of creative entrepreneurs and their businesses either through financial advising and/or business management. Artist studio spaces provide a space for artists, usually in the field of fine arts, to work on their project in a dedicated space. Maker shops provide all the tools and equipment needed for the fabrication or prototyting of ideas.

Business Accelerator

Creative Coworking

Maker Shops

Artist Studio Spaces

c3 Lab - Charlotte, NC

CultureWorks - Philadelphia, PA

Oakstop - Oakland, CA

Matchbox - Lafayette, IN

Moonlighter Makerspace - Wynwood Arts District, FL

RBA Creative - Oakland, CA

SmART Space Studio - Midtown, NY

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Open Workspace

Gallery

Conference Room

Dedicated Desk

Event and Gallery Space

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 35

c3 lab 2525 Distribution St. Charlotte, NC

Proximity to NoDa Arts District

A creative hub for designers, entrepreneurs, freelancers, artists, and start-ups to experience the productive environment of a workspace with the dynamic environment of arts programming.

Amenities

Office Space

• 24/7 access • Bikes • Pet friendly • Games • Coffee/tea and refreshments • Conference rooms • Networking • Mail services • Lounge • Free parking • Outdoor work area

Memberships

• Shared Space ($150/month) • Dedicated Desk ($235/month) • Private Office ($525+/month) • Art Studio ($175+/month) • Maker Space Studio ($200+/month) • 2D Collaborative Arts ($75/month)

c3 lab. “c3 lab: Connect, Collaborate, Create.” http://www.c3-lab.com/ Studio Space

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Conference Room

Open Co-working

Open Co-working

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 37

CultureWorks 1315 Walnut St. Philadelphia, PA

Proximity to Avenue of the Arts and Old City Arts District

Shared workspace, expert consulting, community, and business support services to aid in creative entrepreneur business acceleration. Customizable track options to meet varying business demands and services.

Amenities

• 24/7 access • Meeting and conference rooms • Mail • Business assessments • Events

Memberships

Kitchen

• Track 1 - Membership ($40/month)

• Shared workspace

• Skill share • Track 2 - Management Services

• 7-12% profits given back

• Bookkeeping, bill paying,

financial management,

revenue tracking, banking,

legal services, project

management, donor

management, grant

management • Track 3 - Marketing + Fundraising

CultureWorks. “CultureWorks: Greater Philadelphia.” https://www.cultureworksphila.org/ Open Co-working

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Open Workspace

Event Space

Multi-Purpose Room

Conference Room

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 39

Oakstop 1721 Broadway 274 14th St. Oakland, CA

Proximity to Uptown - Popular Arts and Entertainment Area

A coworking space where work, space, and art intersect. Workspaces, event spaces and arts programming are included to catalyze collaboration, professional development, and economic sustainability for creative entrepreneurs.

Amenities

Event Space, Gallery, and Marketplace

• Workspace

• Coffee/tea

• Conference rooms

• Production space • Event Space

• Programmed events

• Networking

• Education programming

• Workshops • Gallery Space

• Rotating exhibits

• Monthly marketplace

• Art for sale

Memberships

• Mail Service ($20/month) • Day Pass ($15/day) • Open Co-working ($50+/month) • Dedicated Desk ($250+/month) • Private Office ($750+/month)

Oakstop. “Oakstop: Work + Space + Art.” http:// oakstop.com/ Event Space and Gallery

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Open Desks

Open Workspace

Open Workspace

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 41

Matchbox Studio 17 South 6th St. Lafayette, IN Tippecanoe Arts and Cultural District

Proximity to Tippecanoe Arts and Cultural District

A space for artists and entrepreneurs to interact in a productive working environment while having access to the tools, equipment, and resources needed to excel their business or startup. Members are invited to participate in community events, speaker series, and business accelerator programs.

Amenities

Coffee Bar

• Co-working

• 24/7 access

• Access to makerlab

• Coffee and refreshments

• Conference rooms

• Event space

• Mail

• Copy room • Acceleration

• Entrepreneur Development

program

• Venture Development program

• Early stage, multi-sector

programs

• Product development

• Market development

• Customer development

• Legal

• Business development

• Funding

• Mentor connection

Memberships

• Day Pass ($10-20/day) • Reserved Desk ($150-200/month) • Basic ($499/year)

Matchbox Studio. “Matchbox: A Shared Place to Work and Create.” http://matchboxstudio.org/ Conference Room

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Office

Sewing Workshop

Classroom and Computer Lab

Fabrication Lab

Coworking Space

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 43

Moonlighter Makerspace 2041 NW 1st Place Miami, FL Wynwood Arts District

Proximity to Wynwood Arts District

A fabrication, Coworking, and STEAM learning center that fosters creative collaboration. Individuals ranging from students to professionals can prototype their designs in the fabrication labs or find a space to work on their business development.

Amenities

• Education

• After school programs

• Events and workshops

• Software classes • Co-working

• Desk space

• Workbenches

• Coffee and refreshments • Maker’s Market

• Local artist shop • Workshop

• 3D Printing

• CNC Milling

• Eco Lab

• Laser Cutting

• Power Tools

• Sewing Machines

• Prototyping lab

Memberships

• Non-Member - Fee per equipment usage • Member ($35/month) • Professional ($150/month)

Coworking space

Moonlighter. “Moonlighter: Fabrication Lab | Co-working | STEAM Learning Center.” http:// moonlighter.co/

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Photography Studio

Shared Desk Space

Gallery and Event Space

Gallery

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 45

RBA Creative 3718 MacArthur Blvd.

Oakland, CA

Proximity to Uptown - Popular Arts and Entertainment Area

A design, communications, and consulting firm that offers creative services, consulting services, and coworking space for creative entrepreneurs. This space serves as a business accelerator and catalyst for creative professional seeking to launch or start their business.

Amenities

Event Space

• Creative Services

• Graphic design

• Branding & corporate identity

• Publication design &

production

• Photography

• Digital and offset printing

• Brochures and business

packages

• Fine art reproductiond • Consulting Services

• Community outreach and

engegement

• Managed arts integration

• Engineered community

benefits strategies

• Technical assistance • Coworking

• Exhibition space

• Open coworking 5 days/ week

• Copy/ print room

• Coffee/tea

Randolph Belle. “/Fine Art/ Photography/ Studio/ Co-Working/.” http://www.randolphbelle.com/rba Event Space

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Open Workspace

Event Space

Open Workspace

Studio Space

Coworking for Creative Entrepreneurs | 47

SmART Space Studios 1178 Broadway Midtown, NY

Proximity to the Garment District - Popular Arts and Fashion Destination

A coworking studio space for painters that encourages collaboration through an open working environment. All interior dividing walls were removed and replaced with flexible and movable storage shelves and carts. This gives artists the choice to work how they want to, when they want to.

Amenities

• 24/7 access • Secure storage • Easels • Common area • Kitchen • Industrial sinks

Memberships Studio Space and Locker Storage

• Basic ($450/month) • Premium ($640/month) • Weekend ($275/ month) • Private Studio ($1800/month)

SmART Space Studios. “SmART Space Studios.” http://www.smartspacestudios.com/ Studio Space

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Arts Districts Arts districts may be classified into five categories depending on their characteristics and time of development. Cultural Compounds are the oldest districts, usually developing before the 1930s and are infused within the culture of the community. Major Cultural Institutions are large buildings, such as concert halls, theatres, museums, or libraries, that anchor an arts community. Arts and Entertainment Centers focus on smaller arts institutions as their district center. Downtown Arts Districts encompass the downtown area and are usually tourist attractions.

Cultural Production Districts have a large number of arts and media production spaces, such as studios and filming sets.

The following arts districts present themselves with notable characteristics that have helped them stand out, grow, and prosper.

Over time they have developed into landmarks for their respective cities and serve to influence positive change in their communities through the advancements of the arts.

Key Resources for Creative Entrepreneurs 1. Knowledge of artists in the city 2. Space for convening and equipment sharing 3. Sustainable artist studios and live/work buildings 4. Entrepreneurial training tailored to artists 5. Networking and marketing opportunities 6. Embed artists in city development strategies 7. Create opportunities for entrepreneurial research and training

Benefits of a Co-working Community for Creative Entrepreneurs 1. Increased job control as a self-employed artist 2. Participation in a community 3. Reduced risk for business start-ups 4. Access to resources and networks 5. Productive, collaborative workspace

Baltimore Station North - Baltimore, MD

Crossroads Arts District - Kansas City, MO

RiNo - Denver, CO

Wynwood Arts District - Miami, Florida

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Arts Districts | 51

Baltimore Station North Arts & Entertainment Inc. Baltimore, MD

Co_Lab Workspace

This arts district sits at the center of Baltimore and consists of the Charles North, Greenmount West and Barclay neighborhoods. Since its state designation in 2002 it has grown enormously as a non-profit organization serving a collection of artists, livework spaces, galleries, rowhomes, businesses, and educational institutions.

Advancement of the arts is used as a tool for revitalization and placemaking strategy through the relationships between local artists, designers, residents, businesses, and institutions.

Impact Hub Baltimore

Coworking Spaces Co_Lab Workspace A co-working space that places the modern creative, nonprofit, and small business first. Spaces include an open workspace, various dedicated desk sizes, offices, and conference rooms.

Impact Hub Baltimore Coworking space rooted in collaboration, mentorship, and business advancement. This organization plans a series of events, workshops, skill shares, speaker panels, marketplaces, and training options for individuals or start-up businesses. Scholarships and worktrade opportunities are available by application.

Open Works

0’

250’

500’

1000’

Open Works Dedicated makerspace fully equipped with fabrication tools, heavy-duty workshops, and digital tools. People have the opportunity to build their designs, learn from professionals, or connect with other members.

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1. The Ynot Lot • Space for convening and equipment sharing • Embed artists in city development strategies Outdoor event venue for community gatherings, public events, and performances.

The Ynot Lot is free to use and has a capacity of 6,000 sq. ft., a 16’ x 20’ stage with an attached storage container. Power, tables, chairs, and tent rental is also available along with marketing support, promotional support, and event permits.

2. Area 405 • Knowledge of artists in the city • Space for convening • Networking and marketing opportunities An artist run historic warehouse that is committed to showcasing and strengthening the arts community as a catalyst for creative collaboration. The space includes areas for experimentation, collaboration, and exhibitions.

3. Station North Tool Library • Space for equipment sharing Adjacent to area 405 the Station North Tool Library lends tools as well as hosts workshops and training sessions. Access to tools, skills, and workspace is affordable based on a sliding scale donation and serves as a way to build a stronger community

Arts Districts | 53

4. Copycat Building • Substantial artist studios and live/work buildings Live/work space where artists can design their own studio apartments. High ceilings allow for loft spaces so that artists may orient their living arrangements to their choosing.

5. City Arts and City Arts 2 Apartments • Substantial artist studios and live/work buildings Energy-efficient artist apartments with large spaces and a modern finish. Amenities include a gallery space, lounges, large windows for natural light, and large industrial sinks in each unit to accommodate a variety of art backgrounds and trades.

References Area 405. “Area 405.” http://area405.com/ City Arts Apartments. “City Arts Apartments.” https://www. livecityarts.com/ Co_Lab. “Work Space You Can Call Home.” http://www. colabbaltimore.com/ Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

Impact Hub Baltimore. “Welcome to Impact Hub Baltimore.” https://baltimore.impacthub.net/ National Public Radio. “Peek Inside The Copy Cat Building: Where Baltimore Artists Work - And Live.” Daily Picture Show. Last modified March 22, 2012.

Open Works. “Open Works.” https://www. openworksbmore.com/

Station North Arts District. “About the Organization.” https://www. stationnorth.org/about Station North Arts District. “Ynot Lot.” https://www.stationnorth.org/ ynot-lot SNTL. “Building & Sharing.” https://www.stationnorthtoollibrary.org/

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Arts Districts | 55

Crossroads Arts District Kansas City, MO

BeeHouse

This is one of the most concentrated gallery districts in the nation housing over 400 local artists and 100 independent studios. It also offers a wide range of restaurants, storefronts, design studios, and innovative businesses. It is easily accessible by bike, bus, train, or car and there is ample parking available for visitors.

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Plexpod Crossroads

Coworking Spaces BeeHouse A collaborative fashion community that provides the tools and equipment necessary for individuals or start-ups to launch and grow their careers in the fashion industry. Access to a commercial level photography studio, sewing machines, and events is included.

Plexpod Crossroads This coworking space is readily accessible from downtown via the Streetcar line. Some spaces such as the photography studio and dance studio are an expansion of the arts district itself.

SR Collective

SR Collective Coworking space in a restored historic building that aims to enrich emotional, cognitive, and physical wellbeing of professionals in a collaborative environment.

WeWork

WeWork A global network of co-working spaces that is commonly used by professionals in the fields of healthcare, education, professional services, and real estate.

0’

250’

500’

1000’

3

1. Broadway Urban Garden •Space for convening Environmentally sustainable option to urban infilling that provides a garden, storm water collection system, irrigation system and a place for people to gather. The site is able to clean and conserve water, grow food and produce energy. Future plans propose net zero housing along the park’s edge.

2. Artist INC • Knowledge of artists in the city • Entrepreneurial training tailored to artists • Create opportunities for entrepreneurial research and training Artist INC is a professional development opportunity for artists to gain professional and business experience. Applicants must apply to the intensive 10-week programs, which is limited to 25 artists each session, and meet once a week during this period. Skills that are taught include arts planning, marketing, finance, law, and technology. Additionally, the program offers artists resources for networking, peer learning, and cross-discipline pursuits.

3. Kansas City Love Mural • Embed artists in city development strategies The Crossroads arts district is filled with murals across the city that act as public art and land makers. Spaces such as the art alley provide opportunities for more spontaneous art to flourish within the city in a dedicated zone.

Arts Districts | 57

4. Union Station • Space for convening • Embed artists in city development strategies • Networking and marketing opportunities Historic train station with permanent and temporary exhibits serving as a hub for culture, education and entertainment. It is one of the key landmarks for Kansas City and the Crossroads Arts District.

5. Studios Inc. • Sustainable artist studios • Networking and marketing opportunities This non-profit artist studio space serves midcareer artists for a three-year residency. Each artist is provided with a studio space, solo shows in an exhibition hall, and networking opportunities. The initiative is also open for an internship program

References 18 Broadway. “An Idea: The Beginning of a Conversation.” http://www.18broadway.com/about.html

Union Station. “Union Station.” https://www.unionstation.org/

Beehouse. “Beehouse: Fashion Makerspace.” https:// www.beehouse-kc.com/

Visit KC. “Iconic Murals and Sculptures in Kansas City.” https://www. visitkc.com/visitors/things-do/arts-and-culture/iconic-murals-andsculptures-kansas-city

Crossroads Arts District. “KCMO: Crossroads Arts District.” https://kccrossroads.org/ Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

Mid-America Arts Alliance. “Artist INC.” https://www.maaa. org/professional-development/artist-inc/ Plexpod. “Crossroads.” https://www.plexpod.com/ locations/crossroads SR Collective. “Office Together.” https://www.sr-collective. com/ Studios Inc. “Studios Inc.” https://studiosinc.org/

WeWork. “Coworking Office Space Near Corrigan Station.” https:// www.wework.com

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Arts Districts | 59

River North Art District RiNo Denver, Colorado

Industry Denver

Assembly Composed of the RiNo Art District, RiNo Business Improvement District (BID), and RiNo General Improvement District this area had seen considerable growth recently due to the increased concentration of creative businesses and artists in the area.

Converge Denver

Coworking Spaces

The Workroom

Assembly Coworking office space for individuals, start-ups or small businesses with flexible workspaces, dedicated desks, and private offices

Cultivated Synergy

Converge Denver Community minded workspace that emphasizes inclusion of all skills, abilities, and backgrounds.

Green Spaces

Cultivated Synergy Coworking space with typical office amenities and event space rentals.

Green Spaces A sustainable co-working community building a network of environmentally conscious businesses.

Laundry on Lawrence

Thrive Workplace - Ballpark

Spaces Ballpark

0’

500’

1000’

2000’

Industry Denver Large and extensive coworking community that provides modern office space, urban living, and lifestyle amenities.

Laundry on Lawrence Refurbished historic laundry warehouse into a collaborative coworking environment.

3

1. LOT Twenty Eight • Knowledge of artists in the city • Sustainable artist studios and live/work buildings • Embed artists in city development strategies Current adaptive reuse project to provide a greenspace, housing, community programming, and culinary options all within one area of the district. The project proposes to revitalize the area by providing local artists with a space to live, work, and interact with the community.

2. Boxyard Park • Space for convening • Embed artists in city development strategies The design of this park was used as a tool for reactivating the site as part of the community.

Through its vibrant colors and playful character the new park invites people to work, play, rest, or become inspired. The space also serves as an artist and farmer’s market while having the capacity to host small events and community gatherings.

3. RiNo Made • Entrepreneurial training tailored to artists • Networking and marketing opportunities A retail store where local artists and craftsmen can sell their products. Additionally this organization hosts an artist support program that provides legal advice, trademark and copyright assistance, marketing, social media, inventorying, pricing assistance, grant writing, and small business opportunities.

Arts Districts | 61

Street Art and Murals • Knowledge of artists in the city • Embed artists in city development strategies The neighborhood is splashed in color due to the extensive number of murals and street art covering the area. Artists from a variety of skill sets and backgrounds have painted the walls of this commnuity

Creative Crosswalks • Embed artists in city development strategies This is a district wide initiative to improve safety withing the community, infuse local arts within the infrastructure, and create an identity for the community. RiNo is still actively seeking commission of future crosswalks in the area.

References Assembly. “Assembly: Denver’s Best Coworking, in RiNo.” https://www.assembly.ws/ Converge Denver. “Shaping Culture.” https://www. convergedenver.com/ Cultivated Synergy. “Cultivated Synergy: Work. Grow.

Thrive.” https://cultivatedsynergy.com/ Denver: The Mile High City. “Denver Street Art.” https:// www.denver.org/things-to-do/denver-arts-culture/streetart/ Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

Green Spaces. “Green Spaces.” https://www. greenspaces.com/ Industry Denver. “Denver.” https://www.industryoffice.com/ denver

Kruegel, Evan. “Colorful Crosswalks in RiNo Hope to Improve Safety in Denver Neighborhood.” Fox Denver, September 2, 2018. https:// kdvr.com/2018/09/02/colorful-crosswalks-in-rino-hope-to-improvesafety-in-denver-neighborhood/ Laundry on Lawrence. “LAundry on Lawrence.” http:// laundryonlawrence.com/ Lot Twenty Eight. “Lot Twenty Eight.” https://www.lottwentyeight. com/ RiNo Art District. “Boxyard Park.” https://rinoartdistrict.org/go/ boxyard-park RiNo Art District. “Creative Crosswalks.” https://rinoartdistrict.org/ post/creative-crosswalks RiNo Art District. “RiNo Made.” https://rinoartdistrict.org/post/rinomade

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Arts Districts | 63

Wynwood Arts District Miami, FL

BrainBox

Tedge Mindful Co-working In the early 2000s developers and property owners began rehabilitating abandoned warehouses in an effort to revive the community and regain economic stability. Their efforts proved successful and sparked an art renaissance in the area as the bare warehouse walls inspired over 200 street murals. This district now encompasses 50 city blocks, over 400 businesses and over 30 eateries with a large residential neighborhood in the middle.

Büro Midtown

The LAB Miami

Coworking Spaces WeWork

Büro Midtown Local south Florida coworking community focused on growing small companies and creative agencies.

Minds CoWork - Wynwood

The LAB Miami Coworking and event space for creative thinkers in a converted warehouse.

Minds CoWork - Wynwood Coworking space with additional amenities for creative entrepreneurs, such as a photo studio and networking events.

Bar Works

Moonlighter Makerspace A fabrication, Coworking, and STEAM learning center that fosters creative collaboration.

Moonlighter Makerspace

Tedge Mindful Coworking Shared office space where individuals can focus on work and well being simultaneously to achieve work-life balance in a productive environment.

0’

250’

500’

1000’

3

1. Wynwood Walls • Knowledge of artists in the city • Space for convening • Embed artists in city development strategies Outdoor street art museum where six warehouses serve as giant canvases with 80,000 sq. ft. of coverage. Since its inception over 70 artists representing 16 countries have covered the walls in public art and made this a place for community gatherings and events.

2. Mana Wynwood Convention Center • Space for convening and equipment sharing • Networking and marketing opportunities This event and sound stadium hall serves as a multi-functional space with over 137,000 sq. ft. and can host large-scale productions, events, exhibitions, and concerts.

Arts Districts | 65

Art Walk •Networking and marketing opportunities A public and free event hosted every second Saturday of the month which provided a guided tour experience of popular destinations and art in the area. The event showcases local art, performances, and cuisine.

Street Art and Murals • Knowledge of artists in the city • Embed artists in city development strategies With over 200 street murals the Wynwood Arts District and Business Improvement District have become enriched with color from a variety of local and international artists looking to leave their mark in the city.

References Büro. “Woek. Network. Thrive.” https://www.buromiami. com/

Wynwood. “Explore Our Street Art.” https://wynwoodmiami.com/ explore/street-art-grid-view/

Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

Wynwood Walls. “Wynwood Walls: Urban Graffiti Art Miami.” http:// www.thewynwoodwalls.com/

The Lab Miami. “The Lab Miami.” https://www. thelabmiami.com/ Mana Wynwood. “Mana Wynwood.” https://www. manawynwood.com/ Minds Co/work. “Minds Co/work.” https://www. mindscowork.com/ Moonlighter. “Moonlighter: Fabrication | Co-working | STEAM Learning Center.” http://moonlighter.co/ Tedge. “Tedge Mindful Coworking: The First Mindful Coworking Solutoin in Miami.” https://www.tedge.co/ Wynwood. “Art Walk.” https://wynwoodmiami.com/ experience/art-walk/

4

Historical Narrative The history of a place can revel much about its identity and character. In the case of 3526 Washington Boulevard, the home of Grand Center Inc., its previous owners have left traces of their existence in the building and neighborhood. As the neighborhood gradually changed from residential to commercial so did its building fabric and 3526 Washington was no exception.

Originally this housing number was located just west of the current location of Grand Center Inc, which is presently a parking lot. However, around 1925 the residential property at 3524 was demolished and converted into a commercial building; the Yellow Drive-It-Yourself car rental company on the lower level and the Chinese-American cuisine Canton Tea House on the upper level. This would later become the location of Grand Center Inc. Consequently shifting the housing number from 3524 to 3526 Washington Boulevard.

Grand Center as a neighborhood experienced significant changes since the 1880s, but has maintained it’s identity as a prominent Arts District in St. Louis. Between 1900 and 1930 the construction and operation of theatres boomed, with at least seven theatres in operation in the neighborhood. However, in the mid-1930s many of the theatres were abandoned or demolished and Grand Center experienced a period of decline in the midst of “white flight” when residents began moving outside of city limits. Then in 1965, the St. Louis Theatre was purchased by the St. Louis Symphony and renamed Powell Symphony Hall, marking an era of revitalization. During this period, which extends to present day, any remaining theatres that had not been demolished were restored and museums, such as the Pulitzer Arts Foundation and Contemporary Arts Museum, were built.

Since its conception as a neighborhood for theatre and visual performance art Grand Center has remained resilient in its identity. An analysis of the historical narrative of the neighborhood reveals much about it’s struggles and triumphs that may be integrated into the design process for future buildings and sites in the neighborhood.

4

Traffic and Buildings at the Corner of Grand and Washington 1919 Missouri Historical Society Identifier: N06612

Chapter Cover Image Compton, Richard J. and Camille N. Dry. “Composite (Pictorial St. Louis 1876).� David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates.

Historical Narrative | 69

Traffic and Buildings at the Corner of Grand and Washington 2019 Google Maps

4

Legend

Whipple Map - Plat 89 1876

Historical Narrative | 71

Whipple Map - Plat 89 1897

Sanborn Map - Plat 25 1902-1909

4

Sanborn Map - Plat 25 1932

Historical Narrative | 73

Sanborn Map - Plat 25 1950

4

Sanborn Map - Plat 25 1950

Google Maps 2019

Historical Narrative | 75

4

Odeon Theatre

Princess Theatre

Sheldon Memorial

1912 1913

1910

1888

1904

Saint Louis Masonic Temple is University constructed and later establishes its becomes Odeon campus on Grand Theatre

Grand Central Theatre

1920

The Sheldon Memorial Victoria Theatre opens for the Ethical opens. Later Society of St. Louis renamed as the Sun Theatre The Princess Theatre opens

Victoria Theatre

1948

The Missouri The Grand Theatre Central Theatre opens as one is demolished of the first air after 17 years of conditioned vacancy Grand Central theatres in Theatre opens as St. Louis 1929 1935 the first motion 1925 The Fox Odeon pictures only The St. Theatre Theatre is theatre Louis opens demolished The Empress Theatre due to fire Theatre opens opens damage as a vaudeville house

Flight to Suburbs Streetcars and Playhouses Theatre Development Hospitals & Churches Built

Grand Center Arts District 1900

1910

1920

1930

1940

1950

Grand Center Inc. 2-story multi-family apartments, 11 rooms Joseph Korrownow 1879 James E. Haynes 1900 Houseman 1879-1880 Henry D. Laughlin Martha R. Henley Criminal Court Judge 1902 H.G. Gould 1800 Josiah E. Haynes 1903 George Cleveland Tobacco 1903 1881-1911 Charles Scudder 1906-1916 Charles Y. Carr Pres. Lindell Hotel Assoc.

City Treas. (1900-01) Pres. Scudder-Leesberg

1881-1889

1882-1885 1886 1887-1888 1889-1910

Clifton R. Scudder V.P & Treas. Guernsey Furniture Co. Sec.&Treas. St. Louis Electric Power (1889)

Ulof Hornberg Coach & Porter

Rodgers J. Scudder Clerk Guernsey Furniture

Benjamin F. Rice Laywer

Roger V. Scudder

Salesman St. Louis Paper V.P. Wesco Supply Co.

Charles Scudder Jr. 1900-1906

Dept. Mngr. Western Electrical Supply Co. Treas. Scudder-Leesberg Shoe Co. Salesman Wesco Supply

1906-1908 1912-1913 1914-1917 1914-1917 1916 1918 1918

Carr Bros.

Martin H. Henley Clara Wilkerson Mary A. Scudder Katherine Scudder Jenny M Ames Anthony Pappas Coach

Dallas J. Long Artist and Engraver

1919-1920 Robert Adcox 1919 1919 1920 1921 1922

Physician

Car Rental Commercial

1922

Owner of dwelling becomes ill and sells property for $600 ($7,500)

1925

Current building is constructed

Josephine Bohart Yellow DriveShelby F. Ishler It-Yourself Clerk car rental H.L. Lang agency George Klamberg opens Anton Glenberg Watchman Canton Tea Garden opens selling Chinese and American cuisine with live performances

Seidel

1935

Hertz Truck Leasing

1938

Kissel-Skiles Rent A Car

1939-1940

Steve Cady & Gang Nightclub

1947

Seidel opens as a furniture store

1943-1944 1944

U.S.O. Club National 1927 Catholic Hertz Driveurself Community Station Service Center

Yellow Drive-It-Yourself

Historical Narrative | 77

Empress Theatre

Missouri Theatre

1960s

St. Louis Theatre

1965

The Princess Theatre is demolished

The St. Louis Theatre is purchased by the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra

1959

The Missouri Theatre is demolished

1970

1982

Empress Theatre is demolished

Empress Theatre closes

Pulitzer Arts Foundation

2001

Fox Theatre is restored and reopens

The Pulitzer Arts Foundation opens

2004

The Contemporary Arts Museum opens

1985

Straus Park is dedicated

The St. Louis Theatre is renamed as Powell Sympony Hall

1956

Fox Theatre

2014

The Sun Theatre reopens as a performing arts center

1988

Sheldon Concert Hall reopens as a non-profit

Era of Revitalization

1960

1970

1990

1980

The Baptist Building

1968

Kirby Co.

1962

Trans Copy Inc.

1985

1992 -1999

St. Louis Baptist Missionary Fellowship outgrows its building and moves to Creve Coeur

Arts and Education Council of St. Louis

1986

Caberet ala Mode

1956

St. Louis Baptist Missionary Fellowship moves in

1987

LVK Associates - Interior Architecture Firm (Second level)

1989

MMB Music Inc.

Seidel

2010

Contemporary Arts Building Commercial Use

Medix Inc.

1966

2000

Jazz and Blues Mural

1990

Second Fiddle thrift and gift shop is opened and operated by the Women’s Association of the St. Louis Symphony Society

1999

The Mozart Effect Resource Center

2019

The Info Point

2012

Salon Edge

2009 2010

Suite 300 Fitness Studio Grand Center Inc.

Norm Goldberg - MMB Music

4

St. Louis Post-Dispatch 1925

St. Louis Post-Dispatch 1950

St. Louis Post-Dispatch July 1, 1925

St. Louis Post-Dispatch 1931

Historical Narrative | 79

3524 or 3526 Washington?

The address on the original plot of land for the address 3526 Washington Ave. was built in 1888 and possibly demolished around the mid 1920s. It served as a 3-storey 10 room apartment for numerous tenants, many of them doctors. This site is now a parking lot.

Prior to 1925 the address at 3524 Washington Ave. was a 3-storey home and apartment. In 1922 the owner became ill and was desperate to sell the home for $600. It is believed that the property was bought and demolished to build Yellow Drive-It-Yourself car rental agency. This is the building that Grand Center Inc. currently resides in, but it remains unclear when the address number changed form 3524 to 3526. The Sanborn Fire Insurance map from 1950 still has the address listed as 3524 Washington Ave. 3524 3526 Washington

St. Louis Post-Dispatch February 2, 1947

St. Louis Post-Dispatch February 9, 1947

1922 1925-1927 Yellow Drive-ItYourself opens 1925-1936 Canton Tea Garden opens 1927-1935 Hertz Driveurself station 1935 Hertz Truck Leasing 1938 Kissel-Skiles of St. Louis Rent A Car 1939-1940 Steve Cady and Gang Nightclub 1943-1944 U.S.O. Club 1944 National Catholic Community Service Center

1925

1947-1970s Seidel

1947

1962 Trans Copy Inc. 1968 Medix Inc. 1974 Seidel Co. Oil Last on record for this address

1962

1922 - 1956 No record found 1925 Listed as year built

1927 1935 1938 1939 1943 1944

1956

1956 - 1985 The Baptist Building

1968 1974 1990s

Late 1990s-2000s The Contemporary Arts Building

5 Demographics Through a series of mapping studies and data analysis provided by the United States Census Bureau, Grand Center Arts District and its coordinating census tracts provide an overview of data critical to the design process. By analyzing Grand Center as well as data from census tracts that intercept it an understanding of the makeup of the whole area can be calculated to provide valuable information regarding the potential occupants of a coworking space at Grand Center Inc. Demographic data, such as age, occupation, employment, and educational attainment, in conjunction with mapping studies of basic services and access to the neighborhood provides an insight on the potential users of a coworking space and their needs.

From the data collected and analyzed it appears that Grand Center Inc.’s proximity to St. Louis University has a strong impact on the makeup of the residents living in and around Grand Center. For example, a large portion of residents earn less then $10,000 per year and census tracts 121100 and 119300 indicate a high percentage of college aged and young adults living in the area, which may be an indicator of students living in residence halls or nearby apartments working low income university or work-study jobs.

Additionally, findings indicate that only about half or slightly less than half of residents in the area are employed and a majority of residents in Grand Center and all census tracts analyzed have at the highest level obtained only a high school diploma. Therefore the following data presents a justifiable cause to explore the potential for a coworking space at Grand Center Inc. that not only acts as a business accelerator for creative entrepreneurs, but simultaneously functions as an educational facility for individuals seeking to obtain work and business related skills in the creative industry.

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Demographic Data Data provided by the 2010 census report provides demographic and statistical data that can inform the design process. By analyzing Grand Center and the surrounding neighborhoods through census tracts a demographic narrative can evolve to tell the story of its residents in and around Grand Center.

Unless otherwise noted the following data was gathered from the websites of the United States Census Bureau and The Statistical Atlas, “Overview of Covenant Blu-Grand Center, St. Louis, Missouri (Neighborhood)�.

Legend Grand Center Neighborhood Census Tract 111100 - Grand Center, Vandeventer, and Lewis Place Census Tract 111500 - Grand Center and Jeff-Vander-Lou Census Tract 121200 - Grand Center and Jeff-Vander-Lou Census Tract 121100 - Grand Center, Jeff-Vander-Lou, and Midtown Census Tract 119300 - Grand Center, Central West End, and Midtown

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500’ 1000’

2000’

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Demographics by Census Tract Age

Children: 0-17 College: 18-21 Young Adult: 22-39 College: 40-64 Senior: 65+

Demographics | 85

Demographics by Census Tract Household Income

Grand Center Neighborhood

Census Tract 121200

Census Tract 111100

Census Tract 121100

Census Tract 111500

Census Tract 119300

5

Demographics by Census Tract Employment

Demographics | 87

Demographics by Census Tract Occupation

Grand Center Neighborhood

Census Tract 121200

Census Tract 111100

Census Tract 121100

Census Tract 111500

Census Tract 119300

5

Demographics by Census Tract Educational Attainment

Demographics | 89

Demographics by Census Tract Industries

Grand Center Neighborhood

Census Tract 121200

Census Tract 111100

Census Tract 121100

Census Tract 111500

Census Tract 119300

5

111 5 121 00 20

111 5 111 00 10 0

119 3

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111 1 119 00 30 0

1212 00 1211 00

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Demographics | 91

Services Grand Center encompasses five census tracts and is surrounded by four other neighborhoods; Vandeventer, JeffVander-Lou, Midtown, and Central West End. It’s northern portion is comprised predominately of housing and service buildings with multiple instances of vacant buildings or properties. These areas lie within census tracts 111500 and 111100 of Grand Center. The northeastern portion has a high percentage of formal apartment housing, schools, and a church allowing it to become a small residential community within Grand Center.

The southern portion of Grand Center, within census tracts 119300 and 121100 contain the arts and media spaces that Grand Center is known for and Grand Center Inc. is positioned in the relative center of these arts institutions.

Additionally, St. Louis University boarders the southern edge of Grand Center. The proximity of St. Louis University to the arts and media hubs in Grand Center has the potential to create a strong and dynamic relationship between the arts and education.

Map Google. “Google Maps.” August, 2019.

Grand Center Neighborhood Grand Center Inc. & The Info Point Arts and Media Museums, concert halls, and radio stations

Education Schools and universites

Religious Service Public service, hotels, restaurants, gas statoions, and civic buildings

Housing

Apartments, houses, and residence halls

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Demographics | 93

Accessibility and Public Transportation

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Grand Center Inc is easily accessible by car from Grand Blvd., along a northsouth axis, or Washington Blvd., along an east-west axis. Alternatively three metro bus lines exist, Delmar 97, Grand 70, and Gravois-Lindell 10, that may bring passengers through Grand Center and have stops less than 1/2 mile from Grand Center Inc. Currently, parking is limited and exists predominately in metered street parking with some surface and garage parking available.

However, on show or concert nights parking becomes even more limited due to garages and surface parking being restricted to concert guests only.

The location of Grand Center Inc towards the southern portion of Grand Center allows for most of the museums, art galleries, concert halls, performance venues, and media stations to be accessible within a 1/2 mile radius. This 1/2 mile radius also gives visitors access to the three main metro bus routes as well as access to main streets in St. Louis; Washington Blvd., Grand Blvd., and Lindell Blvd.

Map Google. “Google Maps.” August, 2019.

Transit Data Moovit. “Metro St. Louis.” August, 2019.

Grand Center Neighborhood Grand Center Inc. & The Info Point Metro Bus: Delmar 97 Delmar 97 Bus Stop Metro Bus: Grand 70

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6 Design Proposal The following design proposal is intended to explore the possibility and feasibility of a shared coworking space for creative entrepreneurs on the second level of 3526 Washington Blvd., a property owned by Grand Center Inc. It would act simultaneously as a business accelerator and educational facility for individuals and small businesses seeking to advance their business or learn new skills in the creative industry.

The existing conditions of the space create high concern for the incorporation of natural light within the space since all the exterior windows are currently located within private offices. Additionally, the high concentration of private offices and storage spaces creates a maze-like interior space that feels uninviting and disorientating. A lighting study reveals that the removal of the interior walls would result in natural daylight reaching most of the internal spaces and would also free up the floor plan for an open coworking environment.

In conjunction with a lighting study the design proposal is paired with an analysis of potential interaction types and an understanding of the needs of the community. This allows for a design proposal that acts as a multifunctional hub for creative entrepreneurs in an inclusive environment.

6

Undefined circulation causing clustered spaces and confusion

Existing freight elevator allows for movement of large scale art pieces, props, or equipment

UP Mechanical Room

Storage/ Existing Vault

Staff Entrance

Storage

Storage

Kitchen

Open Office

Storage

Small Conference Room

Slight grade differences requires a small ramp in the middle of the hallway

Private Office Private Office

High volume of private offices creating a closed working environment

Private

Design Proposal | 97

Private offices block natural light from reaching other spaces

Private Office

Private Office

Private Office

Private Office Private Office

Private Office

Private Office

Private Office Conference Room

Office

Private Office

Data Room

UP

Existing Second Floor Plan

0’

5’

10’

20’

6

1. Hallway

2. Kitchen

UP

3 6

7

4

8

1

2

5

UP

Existing Second Floor Key Plan

Design Proposal | 99

3. Private Office

4. Private Office

5. Private Office

6. Copy/Print & Workstations

7. Copy/Print & Workstations

8. Entrance & Reception

6

Programming Methodology The space should engage creative entrepreneurs in interactions that are meaningful and engaging toward their goals and desired accomplishments. Therefore, the spaces should be organized in a way that allows for conversations to flow fluidly, encourage multiple forms of interaction between members balanced with an area of privacy for members seeking a focused working environment.

The development of four potential zones of interaction - no interaction, random interaction, planned interaction, and engaged interaction - can lead to an organizational methodology that activates the space and creates an environment that acts as a catalyst for creative entrepreneurs. These zones of interaction should remain fluid and open so as to allow members to transition between the types of conservations that they would like to have.

This spatial planning may then be paired with a sunlight study of the space to suggest a potential organizational methodology. This would take into consideration certain advantages of daylighting, desired interactions between members, and the programmatic elements of a coworking space.

Zones of Interaction

No Interaction

Private, concentrated working environment Dedicated desks Private office Phone room Sound studio/ Photo room

Random Interaction

Chance collisions, small conversations

Private Office

Planned Interaction

Scheduled meetings, conferences Conference rooms Break/ coffee room Workshop/ event space Park Private Office

Break/ coffee room Park

Hallways Break/ coffee room Open coworking Entrances Print/ copy room Lockers/ storage space Park Mail Room Open coworking

Engaged Interaction Peer to peer mentoring Open coworking space Break/coffee room Park

Design Proposal | 101

0’

25’

50’

100’

6

Winter Solstice - December 21

9 am

12 pm

4 pm

9 am

12 pm

5 pm

Summer Solstice - June 21

Design Proposal | 103

Spring and Fall Equinox

9 am

Western light will be strongest in the afternoons and evenings. Windows offer views of the park.

The larger open space would allow for a comfortable meeting space, lounge or cafe style atmosphere.

12 pm

5 pm

Indirect northern light will provide the most even light distribution and includes the advantage of views to the park and street.

Best light for artist work areas and viewing artwork.

Possibility of some natural light in the early evenings and for longer durations in the summer months.

Southern light will be strongest in the mornings and vary through the day as it becomes more indirect towards the evenings.

No natural light in this area. Current location of bathrooms, kitchen, and some offices.

Good location for spaces that do not require natural light: bathrooms, sound/ podcast studio, photo studio, storage, or mechanical.

5

Creative Production Zone Copy/ Print Workbenches Photo Studio Audio Studio

UP

18 Dedicated Desks

Storage Lockers

No Interaction

Random Interaction

Planned Interaction

Engaged Interaction

3 Private Offices

2 Phone Booths

Demographics | 105

Kitchen/ Cafe

12 Open Desks

Open Coworking Resource Library

UP

1 Small Conference Room

1 Large Conference Room

Existing Second Floor Plan

Lounge and Waiting Area

0’

5’

10’

Open Coworking

20’

6

UP

Training Space

Design Proposal | 107

UP

Event Space

Existing Second Floor Plan

0’

5’

10’

20’

Interior View of Coworking Space and Conference Room

Interior View of Coworking Space and Conference Room

Interior View of Dedicated Desks and Training Space

Interior View of Dedicated Desks and Training Space

References Cover Image “Any Man or Woman Can Rent a Car From Us in 5 Minutes.” Page 8. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Sept. 19, 1925.

“Bill Bailey and His Orchestra Now at Canton Tea Garden.” Page 2C. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Oct. 22, 1925.

Compton, Richard J. and Camille N. Dry. “Composite (Pictorial St. Louis 1876).” David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates.

Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed August, 2019.

“Our new Store Opens Tomorrow.” Page 32 of 124. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Feb 9, 1947.

Chapter 1 The Bhive. “The BHive: A New Way to Work.” https://www.bhive.space/ CIC. “CIC St. Louis.” https://cic.com/stlouis COVO. “COVO St. Louis.” https://stl.hellocovo.com/ Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

Nebula. “Nebula.” https://nebulastl.com/ NexCore. “NexCore.” https://thenexcore.com/ Office Evolution. “Office Evolution: Clayton St. Louis.” https://www.officeevolution.com/locations/clayton Regus. “Office Space in St. Louis.” https://www.regus.com/offices/united-states/missouri/st-louis RISE. “RISE: Collaborative Workspace.” https://www.riseworkspace.com/ STLFusion. “STLFusion: A Professional Coworking space.” https://www.stlfusion.com/ TechArtista. “TechArtista: A Collaborative Working Environment.” https://www.techartista.org/ T-Rex. “T-Rex.” http://www.downtowntrex.org/ ThriveCo. “ThriveCo: A Personalized Coworking space in St. Louis County.” https://www.thrive-coworking.com/

Chapter 2 c3 lab. “c3 lab: Connect, Collaborate, Create.” http://www.c3-lab.com/ CultureWorks. “CultureWorks: Greater Philadelphia.” https://www.cultureworksphila.org/ Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

Oakstop. “Oakstop: Work + Space + Art.” http://oakstop.com/ Matchbox Studio. “Matchbox: A Shared Place to Work and Create.” http://matchboxstudio.org/ Moonlighter. “Moonlighter: Fabrication Lab | Co-working | STEAM Learning Center.” http://moonlighter.co/ Randolph Belle. “/Fine Art/ Photography/ Studio/ Co-Working/.” http://www.randolphbelle.com/rba SmART Space Studios. “SmART Space Studios.” http://www.smartspacestudios.com/

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Chapter 3 18 Broadway. “An Idea: The Beginning of a Conversation.” http://www.18broadway.com/about.html Area 405. “Area 405.” http://area405.com/ Assembly. “Assembly: Denver’s Best Coworking, in RiNo.” https://www.assembly.ws/ Beehouse. “Beehouse: Fashion Makerspace.” https://www.beehouse-kc.com/ Büro. “Woek. Network. Thrive.” https://www.buromiami.com/ City Arts Apartments. “City Arts Apartments.” https://www.livecityarts.com/ Co_Lab. “Work Space You Can Call Home.” http://www.colabbaltimore.com/ Converge Denver. “Shaping Culture.” https://www.convergedenver.com/ Crossroads Arts District. “KCMO: Crossroads Arts District.” https://kccrossroads.org/ Cultivated Synergy. “Cultivated Synergy: Work. Grow. Thrive.” https://cultivatedsynergy.com/ Denver: The Mile High City. “Denver Street Art.” https://www.denver.org/things-to-do/denver-arts-culture/street-art/ Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

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Station North Arts District. “Ynot Lot.” https://www.stationnorth.org/ynot-lot Studios Inc. “Studios Inc.” https://studiosinc.org/ Tedge. “Tedge Mindful Coworking: The First Mindful Coworking Solutoin in Miami.” https://www.tedge.co/ Union Station. “Union Station.” https://www.unionstation.org/ Visit KC. “Iconic Murals and Sculptures in Kansas City.” https://www.visitkc.com/visitors/things-do/arts-and-culture/iconic-muralsand-sculptures-kansas-city WeWork. “Coworking Office Space Near Corrigan Station.” https://www.wework.com Wynwood. “Art Walk.” https://wynwoodmiami.com/experience/art-walk/ Wynwood. “Explore Our Street Art.” https://wynwoodmiami.com/explore/street-art-grid-view/ Wynwood Walls. “Wynwood Walls: Urban Graffiti Art Miami.” http://www.thewynwoodwalls.com/

Chapter 4 “Any Man or Woman Can Rent a Car From Us in 5 Minutes.” Page 8. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Sept. 19, 1925.

“Archbishop Speaks at New U.S.O. Club.” Page 3B. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Feb. 7, 1944.

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“Baptist Pastors Plan Effort to Oust the Rev. Bill Beeny.” Page 8A. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. August 30, 1964.

Bibber, Charles van. “Empress Theatre: 3616 Olive Street, St. Louis, MO 63108. Accessed July, 2019. http://cinematreasures.org/ theaters/4310 Bibber, Charles van, et. al. “Missouri Theatre: 626 N. Grand Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63103.” Cinema Treasures. Accessed July, 2019. http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/3209 “Bill Bailey and His Orchestra Now at Canton Tea Garden.” Page 2C. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Oct. 22, 1925.

Compton, Richard J. and Camille N. Dry. “Composite (Pictorial St. Louis 1876).” David Rumsey Map Collection: Cartography Associates.

Contemporary Arts Museum. “Mission + Impact.” Accessed July, 2019. https://camstl.org/about/mission-impact/ Daniel, Jeff. “Pets and Art Exhibit Goes Beyond ‘Dogs Playing Poker’”.” Arts & Entertainment, Page F4. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Sept 2, 2001.

Duffy, Robert W. “Family Fortune: Goldberg and Music.” The Arts and Entertainment, Page 4D. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 7, 1995.

Dunning, Jennifer. “St. Louis Rebuilding a Once-Grand Theater Area.” The New York Times. Aug. 29, 1991.

Fox, Tim. “Where We Live: A Guide to St. Louis Communities.” Missouri History Museum, 1995.

Google. “Google Maps Street View.” Accessed July, 2019.

Grand Center Arts District. “A Landmark Destination for the Arts.” Accessed July, 2019. http://www.grandcenter.org/about/ “Hertz Driv-Ur-Self Stations.” Page 30. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Aug. 24, 1927.

Heuer, Alex. “The 100-Year-Old Sun Theater in Grand Center Reopens After a Major Renovation.” St. Louis Public Radio.

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“Kirby Co. of ST. Louis, Central 3524 Washington.” Page 65. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Nov. 6, 1966.

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“Steve Cady and Gang.” Page 4C. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. May 15, 1939.

Stewart, John T. “Baptists Will Join in Revival Campaign.” Page 5A. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, March 31, 1962.

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“Transcopy, Inc.” Page 8B. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. May 15, 1962.

University of Missouri - St. Louis. “St. Louis City Directories, Gazetteers, Rosters, and Guides”. UMSL Digital Library: St. Louis Mercantile Library. Accessed July, 2019. https://dl.mospace.umsystem.edu//umsl/islandora/object/umsl:2632 Whipple’s Fire Insurance Map of St. Louis, MO (Map). 1:50. Volume II. Plat 89. 1897.

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Chapter 5 Google. “Google Maps.” Accessed July, 2019.

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Chapter 6 Google. “Google Maps Street View.” Accessed August 2019.