DevOps Interview Questions & Answers
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers The DevOps is the combination of two words - DEV + Ops Dev refers to the Development and Ops refers to Operations. It is a culture to promote the development and operation process collectively. Q : What is DevOps? Answer : The DevOps is a combination of two words, one is software Development, and second is Operations. This allows a single team to handle the entire application lifecycle, from development to testing, deployment, and operations. DevOps helps you to reduce the disconnection between software developers, quality assurance (QA) engineers, and system administrators.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers 1. DevOps promotes collaboration between Development and Operations team to deploy code to production faster in an automated & repeatable way. 2. DevOps helps to increase organization speed to deliver applications and services. It also allows organizations to serve their customers better and compete more strongly in the market. 3. DevOps can be defined as a sequence of development and IT operations with better collaboration and communication. 4. DevOps has become one of the most valuable business disciplines for organizations or enterprises. Quality, and Speed of the application delivery has improved to a great extent with the help of DevOps. 5. DevOps is nothing but a practice or methodology of making "Developers" and "Operations" folks work together. DevOps represents a change in the IT culture with a complete focus on rapid IT service delivery through the adoption of agile practices in the context of a system-oriented approach.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: Why DevOps is used? Answer: 1. The development and operation team worked in complete isolation. 2. The testing and deployment are performed respectively after the design-build. 3. Without the use of DevOps, the team members spend a large amount of time on designing, testing, and deploying instead of building the project. 4. Manual code deployment leads to human errors in production. 5. Coding and operation teams have their separate timelines and are not in synch, causing further delays.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: Why is DevOps used? Answer: DevOps allows Agile Development Teams to implement Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery. This helps them to launch products faster into the market. Other Important reasons are: 1. Predictability: DevOps offers significantly lower failure rate of new releases. 2. Reproducibility: Version everything so that earlier version can be restored anytime. 3. Maintainability: Effortless process of recovery in the event of a new release crashing or disabling the current system. 4. Time to market: DevOps reduces the time to market up to 50% through streamlined software delivery. This is particularly the case for digital and mobile applications. 5. Greater Quality: DevOps helps the team to provide improved quality of application development as it incorporates infrastructure issues.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers 6. Reduced Risk: DevOps incorporates security aspects in the software delivery lifecycle. It helps in reduction of defects across the lifecycle. 7. Resiliency: The Operational state of the software system is more stable, secure, and changes are auditable. 8. Cost Efficiency: DevOps offers cost efficiency in the software development process which is always an aspiration of IT companies' management. 9. Breaks larger code base into small pieces: DevOps is based on the agile programming method. Therefore, it allows breaking larger code bases into smaller and manageable chunks.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: When should be adopt DevOps? Answer: DevOps is used for large distributed applications such as applications hosted on a cloud platform or E-Commerce sites. Q: When should not to be adopt DevOps? Answer: It should not to be used in a critical application like bank, defense and other sensitive data sites. Such applications need strict access controls on the production environment, a detailed change management policy, access control policy to the data centers. Q: What makes DevOps different from other software development practices? Answer: DevOps is a bridges that reduce the gap between development and operations, creating significant efficiencies across the development and deployment of the software. DevOps includes a strong emphasis on automation, helping to reduce the overall number of errors.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: Describe DevOps History? Answer: Belgian consultant and Patrick Debois founded the first conference, named was DevOpsdays, It held in Ghent Belgium in 2009. Alanna Brown launched the state of DevOps report and conceived at Puppet in 2012, Nicole Forsgren, Jez Humble, Gene Kim, and others was published the annual State of DevOps in 2014, . They found DevOps adoption was accelerating in 2014 also. Nicole Forsgren, Gene Kim, and Jez Humble founded DORA (DevOps Research and Assignment) in 2015. Nicole Forsgren, Gene Kim, and Jez Humble published "Accelerate: Building and Scaling High Performing Technology Organizations “DevOpsdays” in 2017.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: DevOps Architecture Features? Answer: key features of DevOps architecture are: Collaboration
Automation DevOps Architecture Features Integration
Configuration Management
1. Automation: Automation can reduce time consumption, especially during the testing and deployment phase. The productivity increases, and releases are made quicker by automation. This will lead in catching bugs quickly so that it can be fixed easily. For contiguous delivery, each code is defined through automated tests, cloud-based services, and builds. This promotes production using automated deploys.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers 2. Collaboration: The Development and Operations team collaborates as a DevOps team, which improves the cultural model as the teams become more productive with their productivity, which strengthens accountability and ownership. The teams share their responsibilities and work closely in sync, which in turn makes the deployment to production faster. 3. Integration: Applications need to be integrated with other components in the environment. The integration phase is where the existing code is combined with new functionality and then tested. Continuous integration and testing enable continuous development. The frequency in the releases and micro-services leads to significant operational challenges. To overcome such problems, continuous integration and delivery are implemented to deliver in a quicker, safer, and reliable manner. 4. Configuration management: It ensures the application to interact with only those resources that are concerned with the environment in which it runs. The configuration files are not created where the external configuration to the application is separated from the source code. The configuration file can be written during deployment, or they can be loaded at the run time, depending on the environment in which it is running.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: DevOps Advantages? Answer: Advantages 1. DevOps is an best approach for quick development and deployment of applications. 2. It responds faster to the market changes to improve business growth. 3. DevOps escalate business profit by decreasing software delivery time and transportation costs. 4. DevOps clears the descriptive process, which gives clarity on product development and delivery. 5. It improves customer experience and satisfaction. 6. DevOps simplifies collaboration and places all tools in the cloud for customers to access. 7. DevOps means collective responsibility, which leads to better team engagement and productivity.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: Explain Disadvantage of DevOps? Answer: Disadvantages 1. DevOps professional or expert's developers are less available. 2. Developing with DevOps is very expensive. 3. Adopting new DevOps technology into the industries is hard to manage in short time. 4. Lack of DevOps knowledge can be a problem in the continuous integration of automation projects.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: Describe DevOps Life Cycle? Answer:
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers DevOps is deep integration between development and operations. Without knowing DevOps lifecycle, It is not possible to Understand the DevOps Concepts. 1. Development: In this DevOps stage, the development of software takes place constantly. In this phase, the entire development process is separated into small development cycles. This benefits DevOps team to speed up software development and delivery process. 2. Integration: In this stage, new functionality is integrated with the prevailing code, and testing takes place. Continuous development is only possible due to continuous integration and testing. 3. Testing: QA team use tools like Selenium to identify and fix bugs in the new piece of code. 4. Feedback: Feedback is a peculiar phase where these improvements are analyzed. Developers gauges the outcome of these modifications on the final product. Most importantly, customers who tested these applications can share their experiences in this phase
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers 5. Deployment: In this phase, the deployment process takes place continuously. It is performed in such a manner that any changes made any time in the code, should not affect the functioning of high traffic website. 6. Monitoring: In this phase, operation team will take care of the inappropriate system behavior or bugs which are found in production. 7. Operations: The last phase of the DevOps lifecycle is the shortest phase and the least complicated one. The purpose of operation is to automate the process of releasing the application and the subsequent updates.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers Q: DevOps Architecture? Answer: Architecture of DevOps –
Development and Operations both play essential roles in order to deliver applications. The deployment comprises analyzing the requirements, designing, developing, and testing of the software components or frameworks. The operation consists of the administrative processes, services, and support for the software.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers When both the operations and development are combined with collaborating, then DevOps architecture is the solution to fix the gap operations and development terms, Therefore, delivery can be faster. DevOps architecture is used for application hosted on the cloud platform and distributed applications. Agile Development is used in the DevOps architecture so that integration and delivery can be fast. When the development and operations team works separately from each other, then it is time consuming to design, test and deploy. If the terms is not in sync with each other, then it may cause a delay in delivery. So DevOps enables the team to change their shortcoming and increase productivity.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers
1. Build: Without DevOps, the cost of the consumption of the resources was evaluated based on the pre-defined individual usage with fixed hardware allocation. And with DevOps, the usage of cloud, sharing of resources comes into the picture, and the build is dependent upon the user's need, which is a mechanism to control the usage of resources or capacity.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers 2. Code: ood practices such as Git enables the code to be used, which ensures writing the code for business, helps to track changes, getting notified about the reason behind the difference in the actual and the expected output and if necessary reverting to the original code developed. The code can be appropriately arranged in files, folders, etc. And they can be reused. 3. Test: The application will be ready for production after testing. In case of manual testing, it consumes more time in testing and moving the code to the output. The testing can be automated, which take the less time for testing, so that the time to deploy the code to production can be reduced as automating the running of the scripts will remove many manual steps. 4. Plan: DevOps is used Agile methodology to plan the development, with the operations and development team in sync, it helps in organizing the work to plan accordingly to increase productivity.
DevOps Interview Questions & Answers 5. Monitor: Monitoring is used to identify any risk of failure and Also it helps in accurately tracking the system so that the health of the application can be checked. The monitoring becomes more comfortable with services where the log data may get monitored through many third party tools such as Splunk. 6. Deploy: Most systems can support the scheduler for automated deployment. A cloud management platform enables users to capture accurate insights and view the optimization scenario, analytics on trends by the deployment of dashboards. 7. Operate: DevOps changes the way the traditional approach of developing and testing separately. The teams operate in a collaborative way where both the teams participate actively throughout the service lifecycle. The operation team interacts with developers and they come up with a monitoring plan which serves the IT and business requirements. 8. Release: Deployment to an environment can be completed by automation. But when the deployment is made to the production environment, it is done by manual triggering. Many processes involved in release management are commonly used to do the deployment in the production environment manually to lessen the impact on the customer.
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