Bibliography

vapor to get trapped behind the film. 52

Considering the proximity of various failures (crazing, peeling, and blistering) to each other on the painted wooden surfaces of the Ice houses, the overall classification of severity is “class III.” This classification means that all the paint should be removed by utilizing the abrasive method. Before sanding the surfaces, remove all the metal hardware. Since the metal hardware is painted, the paint will have to be removed first so the rust can be removed to restore the hardware. To prevent crazing and blistering of the painted surfaces, the substrate should be adequately prepared and cleaned before applying compatible primer and paint coats. Another tactic to prevent crazing is to allow plenty of drying time for each layer before applying the next coat. Also, exterior paints should specify the recommended outdoor temperature range and humidity percent ideal for exterior painting. It is essential to follow these guidelines because paint failures such as blistering can occur if the paint dries too quickly.

Conclusion.

Even though the Henry Clay Estate's preservation efforts of the paints + coatings were more restoration projects than conservation, the Henry Clay Estate is still a great case study when studying paints + coatings. It is fascinating how the socio-cultural, environmental, and economic factors of the 19th century influenced the selection of paints + coating systems within the interiors + exterior of the Ashland Mansion along with the surrounding structures. It goes to show that paint + coatings are not only significant in terms of history and aesthetics, but also aids in the preservation of health and historic building structures. Bibliography.

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"Ashland Restoration Raises Interpretive Questions." History of a House Museum, August 18, 2014. https://historyofahousemuseum.com/2014/08/18/ashland-restoration-raises-in terpretive-questions-3/.

Bierwagen, Gordon P. "Surface Coating." Encyclopædia Britannica, October 28, 2016. https:// www.britannica.com/technology/surface-coating/Pigment.

Brooks, Eric, and Alexa King. Site visit at Henry Clay Estate. Personal, October 2, 2020.

Cartwright, Mark. "Tyrian Purple." Ancient History Encyclopedia. Ancient History Encyclo pedia, October 31, 2020. https://www.ancient.eu/Tyrian_Purple/.

"Giving the Impression That Henry Clay 'May Return at Any Moment.'" History of a House Museum, June 15, 2020. https://historyofahousemuseum.com/2020/06/15/giving-theimpression-that-henry-clay-may-return-at-any-moment-5/.

"Lavishly Furnishing the New Ashland." History of a House Museum, May 28, 2019. https:// historyofahousemuseum.com/2019/05/28/lavishly-furnishing-the-new-ashland-5/.

Lew, Janice. “Rehab It Right! Historic Windows & Doors.” Preservation Utah, n.d. https:// preservationutah.org/images/Historic_Windows_and_Doors_-_Property_Owners_ Guide.pdf.

"The Mansion." Ashland: Henry Clay Estate. Accessed October 21, 2020. https://henryclay. org/the-mansion/.

"National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form." National Register of Historic Places. U.S. Department of the Interior. Accessed October 27, 2020. https:// npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail?assetID=ca2f5bc0-1940-48a1-8cb6-d8b83c07eee9.

"Paint Efflorescence: Dulux." Dulux. Accessed October 29, 2020. https://bit.ly/3jPgEiJ. Scholz, W. “Paint Additives.” SpringerLink. Springer, Dordrecht, January 1, 1993. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-1220-8_31.

Sloane, Taliaferro. "Documentation and Testing of Nineteenth-Century Limewash Recipes in the United States," 2015.

"Straddling the Victorian and the Avant-Garde at Ashland." History of a House Museum, February 16, 2020. https://historyofahousemuseum.com/2020/02/16/straddling-thevictorian-and-the-avant-garde-at-ashland/.

Turner, Helen. "Paints + Wallcoverings." Lecture, October 13, 2020.