154 I Scientific Evidence
CONCLUSION: Three innovative bone collecting devices could collect comparable amounts of bone particles to commercially available bone graft materials. (Quintessence Int 2015;46:807–815; doi: 10.3290/j.qi. a34458)
Key words: autogenous bone graft, bone collector, oral implantology, particle size
Implantation is a successful procedure in dental rehabilitation. This procedure often requires guided bone regeneration or bone grafts when the alveolar ridge is atrophic or if implant dehiscence is present. Of the various bone graft materials, autogenous bone is considered the gold standard because of its superior biocompatibility, osteogenicity, osteoconductivity, and osteoinduction.1,2 There are many methods to collect autogenous bone in the mouth. Autogenous bone grafts can be collected in either particulate or block form.3-5 Autogenous bone in particulate form can be collected using hand chisels, burs, or bone collectors.6-8 If protruded alveolar bone, such as torus and exostosis, is present around the implant site, a hand instrument such as an Ochseinbein chisel and mallet may be useful to collect the autogenous bone. These sites allow for the easy collection of autogenous bone. When the collected bone particles are grafted onto the dehiscence or fenestration bone defects of the implant site, new bone formation can be successful and stable results maintained.9-11 A bone scraper (Safescraper curve, Meta), which consists of a blade, body, and collection chamber, can be used to scrape cortical bone around the surgical field to place in the chamber.8,12 A trephine bur can be used to collect bone cores at the chin or retromolar area and has the advantage of allowing for the collection of large amounts of autogenous bone
core (diamete 5 to 7 mm).13 However, additional steps are required to crush the bone core with a bone crusher or bone mill if particulate bone is necessary. There is also the possibility of damaging the nerve with excessive drilling because there is no stop. Another bone collecting device such as a bone collector is connected to the suction. Sufficient bone can be obtained without an additional surgical site.14,15 However, this device is not appropriate to use in the maxilla where there is not enough cortical bone. Although contamination is another limitation of this method, preoperative chlorhexidine mouth rinse for 1 minute showed good results, without infection.16 Anitua et al17 suggested a novel drilling procedure for collecting autogenous bone during implant site preparation procedures. They drilled at low speed (20 to 80 rpm) without irrigation, which was useful when a small amount of bone was needed, and had the advantage that no additional surgical site was necessary. However, the authors did not report on the amount of bone debris. There have been many efforts to collect autogenous bone more easily and faster. Several innovative devices for collecting autogenous bone are available. These devices have been designed to collect more bone debris than implant drills. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of three different bone collecting devices in a volumetric comparison.