A RI PAIN Table 8. Comparison of sociodemographic properties and scale scores of the patients with and without depressive disorder n (%)
Depressive disorder (+) (n=15)
Gender Female Male Martial status Married Single Educational status Primary education and lower Secondary education and higher Age (Mean±SD) HAM-A (Mean±SD) SSAS (Mean±SD)
Depressive disorder (-) (n=36)
f
t
p
11 (29.7) 4 (28.6)
26 (70.3) – – 0.935 10 (71.4)
13(28.6) 2 (33.3)
32 (71.1) – – 0.822 4 (66.7)
6 (26.1) 9 (32.1) 41.2±9.7 22.3±5.4 30.2±11.5
17 (73.9) – – 0.637 19 (67.9) 39.9±11.7 0.670 -0.384 0.703 15,1±8.4 1.544 -1.555 0.004 25.7±8.3 2.864 -3.009 0.126
n: Number of patients; SD: Standart deviation; HAM-A: Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; SSAS: Somatosensory Amplification Scale.
Table 9. Pearson’s correlation analysis between SSAS scores and depression, anxiety, and mental symptom severity
HAM-A
HAM-D
SSAS
SCL-GSI
SCL-PSI
SCL-PSDI
HAM-A r 1 0.657 0.440 0.487 0.484 0.416 p – <0.001 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 HAM-D r 0.657 1 0.308 0.463 0.393 0.443 p <0.001 – 0.028 0.001 0.004 0.001 SASS r 0.440 0.308 1 0.672 0.591 0.539 p 0.001 0.028 – <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 SCL-GSI r 0.487 0.463 0.672 1 0.921 0.755 p <0.001 0.001 <0.001 – <0.001 <0.001 SCL-PSI r 0.484 0.393 0.591 0.921 1 0.501 p <0.001 0.004 <0.001 <0.001 – <0.001 SCL-PSDI r 0.416 0.443 0.539 0.755 0.501 1 p 0.002 0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 – HAM-A: Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; HAM-D: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; SSAS: Somatosensory Amplification Scale; SCL: Symptom Screening List; GSI: Global Symptom Index; PSI: Positive Symptom Index; PSDI: Positive Symptom Distress Index.
The prevalence of chronic pain is higher in individuals diagnosed with depression, and in contrast, the prevalence of depression in chronic painful individuals is also increasing.[35] In our study, comorbid depressive disorder was diagnosed in 29.4% of patients 190
with chronic pain, which was very low compared to Huang et al.’s study (73%).[36] In studies using only the DSM criteria, the prevalence of depressive disorder was reported to range from 30% to 55%.[37] This rate was close to our study. Depression exacerbates the OCTOBER 2019