Malay Traditional House by KALAM UTM

SIGNIFICANT OF MALAY TRADITIONAL HOUSES Supervisors

Dr. Gurupiah Mursib & Dr. Raja Nafida By

Elham Hosseini PhD Candidate

Faculty of Built Environment Department of Architecture University Technology of Malaysia Johor Bahru, Malaysia September 2011 1

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION  Significant of Traditional House in Architecture  Traditional Malay House (MTH) & Cultural Context  Typology  Essential Categories of Elements in MTH  Physical Quality of MTH  Spatial Quality of MTH  Organization of Form and Space  Closing Remarks

SIGNIFICANT OF TRADITIONAL HOUSE IN ARCHITECTURE  Role of Architecture  Dwelling Traditional Architecture  Traditional Houses Humanistic Folklore Cultural Adopted to the daily needs Homogeneous and contextual

TRADITIONAL MALAY HOUSE (MTH)

+ CULTURUL CONTEXT  Culture and local condition  Fitting to its built environment  Flexible  Culture

MTH

 Needs & customs  Harmony with lifestyle

TYPOLOGY

 Form of Overhead Plane (Roof)  Number of Vertical Linear Elements(Column) 5

TYPOLOGY Cont. Form of Overhead plane  Long Roof = Bumbung Panjang

 Hipped Roof = Bumbung Lima

 Gambrel Roof = Bumbung Perak

 Pyramid Roof = Bumbung Limas

TYPOLOGY Cont. Number of Vertical Linear Elements  Bachelor’s house (6 Columns)  Bachelor’s House + Veranda (9 Columns)  Big House (12 Columns) = Rumah Besar

ESSENTIAL CATEGORIES OF ELEMENTS IN MTH Malay Traditional House MTH Features Physical

Spatial

Building Component

Spaces

Vertical Plane Horizontal Plane Overhead Plane Vertical & Horizontal Linear Elements

Porch Veranda Main Space Kitchen

Functional Activities Entrance Entertaining Social gathering

Common space

food Preparation

Others

Connecting Others

PHYSICAL QUALITY OF MTH  Elevating from the ground  Juxtaposition of mass and void  Grid Structure DAPUR

Spatial Grid

Kitchen RUMAH TENGAH

Common Common Space Space

Dining SELANG SELANG

Overhead Plane Horizontal Plane

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda RUMAH IBU

Main Room

Vertical Plane SERAMBI GANTUNG

Entrance Veranda

SPATIAL QUALITY OF MTH  Flexible spatial organization  Three basic space layouts Pic. 1 Pic2

Culture & Human Activity

LOTENG Attic

Planning Layouts DAPUR

Back part SERAMBI SAMANAIK

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda

RUMAH IBU

Main Room

RUMAH IBU Main Room

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Entrance Veranda

Front part

Pic. 3

Kitchen

Diagram.1

SPATIAL QUALITY OF MTH Cont. Possible Activities

ď&#x201A;§ Property of additivity, subtractivity, and translocation

Main Room

Entrance Veranda

SELANG SELANG

Entrance Veranda

RUMAH IBU

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Closed Veranda

Main Room

Closed Veranda

RUMAH IBU

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Practical

Common Common Space Space

Dining

SELANG

RUMAH TENGAH

Common Space

SELANG

DAPUR

Kitchen

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Visual

DAPUR

Kitchen Common Space

Spatial Elements

Conceptual

DAPUR

Kitchen

RUMAH IBU

Main Room

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Entrance Veranda

Spatial Hierarchy Diagram.2

Diagram.1

“The modular not merely as a series of numbers with an inherent harmony, It is as a system of measurements that could govern lengths, surfaces, and volumes, and maintain the human scale everywhere” (Le Corbusier)

SPATIAL QUALITY OF MTH Cont.  Modularity and repetitiveness

Pic. 1 Module (A)

Pic. 2

Module (B)

Pic. 3

OUTDOOR FEATURES OF MTH

Veranda

Room

Room Kitchen

Main Room

Dining

Porch

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda

SELANG

Common space

RUMAH IBU

Main Room

ANJUNG

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Porch

Veranda

Internal Open Space

RUMAH TENGAH

Dining

DAPUR

Kitche n

MAIN SPACE OF MTH

Veranda

Room

Room Kitchen

Main Room

Dining

Porch

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda

SELANG

Common space

RUMAH IBU

Main Room

ANJUNG

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Porch

Veranda

Internal Open Space

RUMAH TENGAH

Dining

DAPUR

Kitche n

PRIVATE FAMILY GATHERING SPACE

Veranda

Room

Room Kitchen

Main Room

Dining

Porch

SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda

SELANG

Common space

RUMAH IBU

Main Room

ANJUNG

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Porch

Veranda

Internal Open Space

RUMAH TENGAH

Dining

DAPUR

Kitche n

INTERIOR OPEN SPACE OF MTH

Courtyard

DAPUR Kitchen RUMAH TENGAH Dining SERAMBI SAMANAIK

Closed Veranda

SELANG

Common space

RUMAH IBU

Main Room

ANJUNG

SERAMBI GANTUNG

Porch

Veranda

Internal Open Space

RUMAH TENGAH

Dining

DAPUR

Kitche n

ORGANIZATION OF FORM AND SPACE “A good house is a single thing, as well as a collection of many.” Charles Moore  Space  Pattern  Outside domains  Configuration of form

volume of space

 Relation of spaces Function Proximity Path of movement 17

ORGANIZATION OF FORM AND SPACE in MTH Mass & Void

Adjacency by separation vertical plane Penetrating the natural light and outlooks through the openings

Adjacency by vertical linear elements

Adjacency by changing level and contrast of light

CLOSING REMARK

Thank You