problem
space
exp
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problem
space
spatial programming
exp
1
problem
space
exp
spatial programming
diagram
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experiment one >>>>>>
Spatial Programming – methodology Diagram – plan
Study of successful floor plans through the diagramming of their spatial programs to determine meaningful ratios & volumes
Spatial Programming The investigation of what is deemed successful flexible architecture of present, led us to the Seattle Public Library, and provided a precedent experimental methodology. OMA’s form can be seen to be generated from a direct interpretation of creative programming arrangement.
Diagram A plan, sketch, drawing, or outline designed to demonstrate or explain how something works or to clarify the relationship between the parts of a whole.
‘Seattle Public Library,’ Office for Metropolitan Architecture
experiment one - methodology Spatial Programming
The examination of existing precedent public building typologies; vertical, horizontal and the in-between through the rationalisation and analysis of spatial programming.
What constitutes a building’s program?
Diagram building program analysis
Denton Corker Marshall Manchester Civil Justice Centre Denton Corker Marshall’s innovative design is narrative of its public programme; the architectural image of the building is the juxtaposition of a series of abstract volumes, a combined area of 34,000 m² including courtrooms, consultation spaces, offices and support areas. The vertical extruded glass foyer is symbolic of transparency and connection to the community, whilst the working courts and offices are the building’s functional requirements, and thus occupy its core. The project has become a precedent for typological and technological change, as it evidences a successful marriage between technology, its materials and environmental performance, and sculpture, its experimental form. It was appropriate to select this building as it accomplishes its programming requirements through an inventive layered horizontality.
Herzog & de Meuron Prada Aoyama Epicenter Herzog & De Meuron focused on a vertical volume early on, to achieve the maximum permitted gross floor area, whilst achieving a spacious entrance plaza. The radical form is welcomed in its contemporary environment, the high-fashion district of Aoyama. It attempts to reshape both the concept and function of shopping, through highly interactive spaces supported by the transparent bubble-like faรงade. The open-plan nature of the retail levels enables them to be highly adaptable to new future uses. It is therefore appropriate to use this cutting-edge building as a precedent for vertical flexible architecture.
OMA Seattle Public Library OMA’s strategy for dividing the building into spatial compartments dedicated to and equipped for specific duties, involved the analysis of existing library data and facility spatial requirements in bar charts to determine the percentages allocated to each requirement, followed by the reduction of this information into key themes, and then rearrangement into five distinct categories. These categories then became compartments, each dedicated to a specific role, and a concept for building form, when stacked vertically. The library is an appropriate example of the ‘inbetween’ public building – neither its height nor width define its form.
Denton Corker Marshall Manchester Civil Justice Centre
Denton Corker Marshall Manchester Civil Justice Centre SFB - Set Function Building is greatest across all levels because the site is very project specific, using small specialised spaces eg. booths, that are designed to the building’s function as law courts, and would be difficult to convert to alternative program.
SFC -Set function circulation remains typical across floors because of the replicated floor plan.
Denton Corker Marshall Manchester Civil Justice Centre FPC = SFC + SFH FPS = ½ SFC SFB = FPC + FPS + SFC + SFH SFC + FPC = 35% = HIGH SFH = 1/10 SFB Free programming circulation is the highest across all the buildings, because of the horizontality of the building. This is the selling point for horizontality, it is more adaptable.
Denton Corker Marshall Manchester Civil Justice Centre The layered organisation of the building produces a vertical section atrium space, which all levels benefit from and in turn provides room for the concourses serving each level. What is most defining is the building’s horizontality; giant blocks dramatically cantilever out at each long end of this slender edifice, as if they are reaching out into the city.
Herzog & de Meuron Prada Aoyama Epicenter
Herzog & de Meuron Prada Aoyama Epicenter
FPS – Free Programming Space makes up majority of each level because of the building’s retail nature, which requires an open plan space for the display of clothing.
SFC – The ground level & level 5 confirmed our preconceived idea that a vertical building would have less set circulation space than a horizontal, because of its more efficient stacking of circulation (stairs/lifts).
Herzog & de Meuron Prada Aoyama Epicenter SFB < SFC SFH= 1/3 SFB SFC= SFB + SFH FPS= 2 (SFB + SFH + SFC + FPS) FPC=0 Set Function Building space is not the dominant space, which suggests this retail building could be adapted to new programming if required.
Herzog & de Meuron Prada Aoyama Epicenter Levels B, 1, 2, 3 & 4 have unexpected excess circulation which can be attributed to the horizontal fitout of the Prada shop and the requirements for access to the change rooms and confined shelves.
OMA Seattle Public Library
OMA
SFB â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Set Function Building occurs mostly on levels 1 & 2 (underground) which are more project specific and include operation spaces, and levels 4 & 11, which includes the admin hub on level 4 and the library headquarters on level 11.
Seattle Public Library
FPS - Free Programming Space is most visible on level 3 because it holds the main entry to the library, and thus the open plan layout entices the general public to use the space however they choose.
OMA Seattle Public Library
FPC = SFH FPS = SFB SFB = FPS SFC = 1/8 (SFB + FPS) SFH = 5% SFB Set Function Building equals Free Programming Space which is unique to this building, and a result of the compact planning arrangement that requires less circulation space. FPS is high and constant across levels 5-10 because of the large open plan book spine and reading areas â&#x20AC;&#x201C; without the furniture, these could be alternatively functioned spaces.
OMA Seattle Public Library Flexibility can exist within each section, but not at the expense of any of the other compartments. Flexibility for the ever-increasing mass of information that libraries accrue was addressed in the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;book spiralâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, running across 4 levels.
Precedent buildings Law Courts Retail Library
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Precedent buildings Law Courts Retail Library
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FPC = SFC + SFH FPS = ½ SFC SFB = FPC + FPS + SFC + SFH SFC + FPC = 35% = HIGH SFH = 1/10 SFB
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SFB < SFC SFH= 1/3 SFB SFC= SFB + SFH FPS= 2 (SFB + SFH + SFC + FPS) FPC=0 FPC = SFH FPS = SFB SFB = FPS SFC = 1/8 (SFB + FPS) SFH = 5% SFB
Precedent buildings Law Courts Retail Library
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PROBLEM: HOW CAN WE USE THIS INFORMATION TO GENERATE MEANINGFUL FORM? HOW DO YOU AVOID A CIRCULAR REFERENCE? SOLUTION: DEFINE THE CONSTRAINTS
>>>> INTRODUCE THE USER
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