JH Annual 2014 by Jersey Heritage

NAME SCHOOL

Y E S J ER

E G A T I R E H

4 1 0 2 L A U N N A

IN PARTNERSHIP WITH

WELCOME Jersey’s history is jam packed with stories, myths and mysteries which are waiting to be discovered; from Ice Age artefacts and Celtic Coin hoards, to knights at castles, pirates and the World War II German Occupation. This is the second edition of the Jersey Heritage Annual and it is designed to help you unlock the colourful stories of Jersey’s past on your personal quest into local history.

Welcome to the 2014 Jersey Heritage Annual. Inside you will find everything you need to know about our amazing heritage sites and activities.

We are delighted to be working with Jersey Heritage for a fourth year on this fantastic education initiative, which goes from strength to strength.

I hope you have fun using the facts, stories, activities and puzzles to explore Jersey’s fantastic history and to discover the many hidden treasures that make our Island special. More than anything, I hope you’ll create your own stories on your adventure with this book.

It’s such a great way to explore Jersey’s many interesting Heritage sites and the activities ensure the whole family get involved and discover so much more.

I would like to add a special thanks to Mourant Ozannes who have supported our education initiative for four years and helped us to bring this Jersey Heritage Annual to you.

Have fun and enjoy your discovery journey. Remember to keep this Annual safe so you can look back on everything you’ve learnt at the end of the year!

Jonathan Speck Jonathan Carter Director Jersey Heritage

Managing Partner, Jersey Mourant Ozannes

MEET NORMA AND NORMAN THE NORMANS “Hello, I’m Norma and this is Norman. We are descendants of the Viking settlers who came to Jersey over 1,100 years ago. We are your guides throughout this Jersey Heritage Annual and invite you to join our quest into the Island’s colourful history. Together we can unlock exciting facts about Jersey’s past, solve mysteries and discover new stories.”

“This year we are taking a special look at the exciting new exhibitions, artefacts and objects at the Jersey Museum and at La Hougue Bie; from ancient coin hoards and Ice Age finds, to the World War II German Occupation and the Jersey flag. We will even try our hand at speaking Jersey’s first ever language – Jèrriais.”

COIN HOARD OBJECT IN FOCUS WHO WAS RICHARD II? LIBERATION DAY SIX SITES OF SUMMER VICTORIA CROSS GREAT WAR I OBJECT IN FOCUS ICE AGE ISLAND SITES IN FOCUS WHAT IS JERRIAIS? BADLABECQUES DISCOVERY DAY WORKSHOPS JERSEY FLAG OBJECT IN FOCUS WHAT’S ON WHAT’S YOUR STREET’S STORY DIGITAL HERITAGE

4-9 10 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 46 47 3

COIN HOARD In the summer of 2012 two men made an amazing discovery in a field in Jersey. Using only their metal detectors, they found a huge pile of about 70,000 ancient coins buried deep underground. These coins came from the Iron Age and had not been seen or touched for more than 2,000 years. They had been buried for so long that they were all stuck together and had to be lifted out of the ground in one solid lump, with lots of the earth packed around them. The hoard also contains pieces of beautiful gold and silver jewellery and is the biggest number of ancient coins ever to be found in one place. The coins were made by a tribe of people called the Coriosolitae. The Coriosolitae were one of the Celtic tribes from North West Gaul (modern day Normandy and Brittany) at the time Julius Caesar was leading his Roman army against them.

CAN I SEE THE COIN HOARD? Yes! Jersey Heritage is carefully separating and cleaning each coin and piece of jewellery stuck together within the hoard. You can come and see the experts at work at Jersey Museum this year, as part of a special exhibition about this amazing discovery.

DID YOU KNOW? Each coin takes about six minutes to clean, photograph and protect, so it will take over three years to clean all 70,000 of them.

! p e be

WHY WAS THE HOARD BURIED?

The coins in the hoard were all made by hand and would have required a considerable degree of technical and artistic skill to produce. A blank metal disc was placed between two die. The die tended to be much bigger than the area of the blank, so that often only a part of the design shows on the resulting coin.

Few Iron Age sites have been discovered in Jersey but we know that at this time the armies of Julius Caesar were advancing northwestwards through France towards the coast. Some of the Celts would have crossed the sea to Jersey making it an offshore haven for refugees from Caesarâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s campaigns. The only safe way to store their wealth was to bury it in a secret place. If the person died before recovering it or if the landmark marking its position was destroyed, the hoard would have remained hidden only to be discovered many centuries later.

The Hoard is not only a major discovery for Jersey but is a really important discovery for European Prehistory.

want to learn more? Join Norman for some fun activities on the Jersey Heritage website: www.jerseyheritage.org/kids or scan here! 5

COIN HOARD

The earliest metal coins came from China, where people used small pieces of bronze to trade things. This started around 1500 BC. Around 650 BC, coins with guarantees were invented. A guaranteed coin is marked with a promise by somebody (often a government) to prove that the coin is worth what it says it is worth. The first coins of this kind were from Lydia, in West Asia. They were used to pay mercenary soldiers.

DID YOU KNOW? Basically speaking, money is an object or record which is accepted as payment between people for their goods and/ or services. It is an agreement or promise that a certain weight of something (usually some kind of metal gold, silver or bronze) has the same value as a certain amount of goods or service. People also used paper as money, or cocoa beans, or cowrie shells. Anything small, not too heavy and fairly rare will work as a piece of money.

DESIGNS OF COINS Coins from different times and places will have designs which represent things that are special to that place, people or time. Many Celtic coins were copied from the Greek coinage of Philip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander the Great. On one side of these coins you can see the head of the Greek God of music, Apollo and on the other you will find a horse and a rider; these coins are believed to have been brought to Gaul as payment by returning warriors.

The coins in the Catillon hoard feature abstract versions of this design. The most common and iconic Celtic symbols on the coins are the head (of a Celtic God), the horse, the boar, the Lyre (a stringed musical instrument associated with Apollo), a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;bannerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; symbol or vexillion (war standard) and a wheel (sun).

COIN HOARD CAN YOU DESIGN YOUR OWN COIN? Coin designs are made up of pictures, these pictures show where it is from and can tell you which government has made it. Early coins had to be weighed to work out how much they were worth. A modern coin needs certain things in its design: • Picture showing the ruler of the country or whoever is issuing the coin • Motto • Date the coin was made • The amount that the coin is worth

CURRENCIES Coins and notes have been used throughout the world and gradually lots of countries have created their own currencies and their own type of money. Can you match the currency to the country? Draw a line from the country to the currency that they use.

RUSSIA

DOLLAR

ARGENTINA

YEN

INDIA

DINAR

DENMARK

IRAQ

SOUTH KOREA

MALAYSIA

JAPAN

AMERICA

BRITAIN

RUBLES

POUND

PESO

KRONE

RINGGIT

WON

RUPEE 9

OBJECT IN FOCUS what is the oldest document at the jersey archive? The oldest document looked after by the Jersey Archive is a Royal confirmation from Richard II and is dated 1378. The confirmation is of a Charter from his grandfather Edward III granting privileges to Jersey from 1341.

what is a royal charter? A Royal Charter is a formal document issued by a monarch which grants a right or power to an individual or an organisation. Historically, every time a new monarch has come into power they have issued a Royal Charter confirming the privileges that their predecessor had granted to the Island. Royal Charters were, and are still, used to establish significant organisations such as cities or universities. The British monarchy has issued over 980 Royal Charters and of these about 750 remain in existence. The earliest Royal Charter to be issued was to the town of Tain in 1066, making it the oldest Royal Burgh in Scotland, followed by the University of Cambridge in 1231.

find out more: www.jerseyheritage.org/kids or scan here!

what is it written on? Royal Charters are written on parchment. Parchment is the skin of an animal, often a calf, goat or sheep which is dried, scraped, stretched and then used for writing important documents on. The ink used on the parchment is called Iron Gall ink. This was made from Iron (nails, iron or metal scraps) mixed with a solution of tannic acid (usually extracted from oak galls, which are growths on the side of an oak tree) and bound together with gum Arabic.

WHO WAS RICHARD II? Richard II (6 January 1367 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed on 30 September 1399. While he was king he had to deal with the Black Death and the Peasantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Revolt, negotiated a fragile peace with France and ordered the building of Westminster Hall. He was deposed in 1399 because the Court did not agree with how he was trying to rule England. His place was taken by King Henry IV.

LIBERATION DAY The Occupation of Jersey by German Forces during the Second World War started on the 1 July 1940. The Occupation lasted nearly five years and eventually ended on the 9 May 1945 – Liberation Day. The Occupation remains one of the most fascinating periods in Jersey’s recent history. After the D-Day landings in June 1944, life became very hard for Channel Islanders. The Allied advance into Europe ended supplies to the Islands from mainland France. The International Red Cross ship the SS Vega sailed from Lisbon in December 1944, bringing much needed food and supplies to the Island. The patient Islanders had waited, often with little reliable news of the war, for many years. Eventually freedom came. The Island of Jersey was liberated on 9th May 1945, a day which has since been celebrated with thanksgiving, joy and relief by those who lived through those dark years, and by their descendants and by others who have made the Island their home.

Mrs Anna Le Mains, who along with her husband Jack, was a farmer during the Occupation described Liberation Day as the ‘best day of my life’. The end of the war in Europe was settled on May 8th 1945, (known as “VE day” for “Victory in Europe”) and declared to the British people in a speech by Winston Churchill. However the Channel Islands had to wait for the surrender of the occupying German forces on the following day.

The first British forces to land on the Island were greeted by relieved and happy crowds in what is now known as Liberation Square. Each year the scene is re-enacted. The Pomme d’Or Hotel featured prominently in the celebrations.

THE SCULPTURE IN LIBERATION SQUARE The sculpture in Liberation Square by Phillip Jackson is perhaps the best known of the memorials to that momentous day in Jersey history. It was unveiled for the 50th anniversary of Liberation.

MAKING WEAPONS INTO TOYS Clearing the Island of military equipment left by the German forces was a huge task. Much of the work was done by German soldiers under the command of British troops. The local children were quick to put abandoned weapons to use for their own entertainment.

SIXLIBERATION SITES OF SUMMER DAY During the school summer holidays, visit each Jersey Heritage visitor site to discover new stories and have a go at art activities, trails, crafts and games. Each week visit a different site to enjoy a different theme. Pick up a booklet at any of the sites over the summer to get activities and information about the Six Sites of Summer. Collect all the stickers to show how many you have visited!

Elizabeth Castle Monday 21 July – Friday 25 July Seashore Come and discover beach life and the seashore at Elizabeth Castle. Have a go at finding and painting your own rock animals. Decorate some shells and take part in a Sandcastle competition. Discover the sea life at Elizabeth Castle and go on a trail to find some hidden areas!

Maritime Museum Monday 28 July – Friday 1 August Stories of the Sea Discover the stories of the sea and find out all about the tales that have been told over the centuries. Learn about how sailors have sung their songs and shanties. Send a message in a bottle. Discover the stories about Jersey’s sailors and seas and go on a trail to find the hidden sea creatures around the Maritime Museum.

Mont Orgueil Castle Monday 4 August – Friday 8 August Mythical Beasts

Discover dragons and mythical creatures at Mont Orgueil Castle. Find out about the legends of dragons and other mythical beasts, whether these creatures really existed and what they might have looked like. St George is one of the most famous dragon slayers and Mont Orgueil Castle has a Chapel dedicated to St George. Design your own fantasy creature and find the hidden dragons around the castle. Go on a trail to find some hidden creatures.

Hamptonne Monday 11 August – Friday 15 August Bugs, Bees, Birds and Butterflies Get ready for a ‘bugtastic’ week. Explore our very own bug hotel to identify which creepy crawlies are living there this year. Find out fascinating facts about butterflies and what jobs insects do at the farm. Play the insect game and make brilliant bug, bee, bird and butterfly art and have a go at birdwatching in the meadow.

La Hougue Bie Monday 18 August – Friday 22 August Dinosaur Digging Discover dinosaurs at La Hougue Bie. Find out how you can be an explorer and try to find buried bones and identify your finds. Discover more about dinosaurs and fossils and what they tell you about history. Take part in the Dinosaur trail around the site, have a go at making your own dinosaur and take the opportunity to see and feel some real fossils and dinosaur fossils.

Jersey Museum Monday 24 - Friday 29 August Treasure – Uncovering Celts and Romans Come and discover the amazing Coin Hoard found in a Jersey field by metal detectorists in 2012. Find out about how they were made and see the conservation work happen right in front of your very eyes. Discover all about the Celts and Romans that were in Jersey and what evidence they have left of their stays. Have a go at making some Celtic and Roman art to see the similarities and differences between the two.

VICTORIA CROSS The Victoria Cross is the greatest honour a member of the military can receive. It is the highest military decoration awarded to British forces.

WHAT IS THE VICTORIA CROSS AWARDED FOR? The Victoria Cross is awarded only in exceptional circumstances, for most conspicuous bravery, or some daring or pre-eminent act of valour or self-sacrifice.

Since its creation, the medal has been awarded 1,357 times to 1,354 individual recipients. Only 14 medals, ten to members of the British Army, and four to the Australian Army, have been awarded since the Second World War.

WHAT IS A VICTORIA CROSS MADE FROM? Traditionally, a Victoria Cross is said to be made of the gunmetal originally derived from a Russian cannon captured at the Siege of Sevastopol in the Crimean War. Recent research has suggested that the metal actually has a variety of origins, with many of the medals being struck from Chinese cannons captured from the Russians in 1855. The Victoria Cross was introduced on 29 January 1856 by Queen Victoria to honour acts of valour during the Crimean War. It is usually presented to the recipient or to their next of kin by the British monarch at an investiture held at Buckingham Palace.

George Henry Ingouville VC CGM (7 October 1826 – 13 January 1869) was one of the first recipients of the Victoria Cross. George Ingouville was born in St. Saviour, Jersey and was awarded a Victoria Cross after an act of valour when he was 28 years old as seaman in the Royal Navy during the Crimean War. On 13 July 1855, the boats of HMS Arrogant were engaged with the enemy at the Fort of Viborg in the Gulf of Finland. Ingouville’s boat had become swamped and drifted inshore under enemy guns. Although wounded, Ingouville jumped overboard, swam round to the boat’s bows, took hold of the painter (rope) and tried to turn the boat back out to sea. A lieutenant of the Royal Marine Artillery (George Dare Dowell) came to his assistance and, with three volunteers, towed the stricken boat out of gun range. You can see George Henry Ingouville’s Victoria Cross medal in the Maritime Museum. Go into the Globe Room and on the left hand side at the top of the ramp, there are some boxes. The medal is the third box down.

DID YOU KNOW? The colour of ribbon will tell you what type of a medal it is and what campaign it was awarded for. If you look carefully you will see decorations on the medal, such as an oak leaf. This means that the recipient has been ‘mentioned in dispatches’, which means that they were officially noted as being gallant or brave.

GREAT WAR I WHAT STARTED WORLD WAR I? World War I was started when Austriaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie were assassinated on 28 June 1914 by a Serb nationalist. The couple had been visiting the city of Sarajevo in the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Austria-Hungary saw this as an excuse to attack its troublesome neighbour, Serbia and so took its time to get the support of Germany before declaring war on Serbia on 28 July 1914. A month after the original assassination, much of Europe had already become entangled in the dispute as Serbia was allied by France, Russia and the United Kingdom.

At the start of the war, these were the major players (more countries joined the war later): Allied Forces (a.k.a. the Allies): France, the United Kingdom, Russia Central Powers: Germany and Austria-Hungary

WHAT HAPPENED DURING WORLD WAR I?

TRENCH WARFARE

Many hoped that World War I would be the war to end all wars, but sadly this was not the case. In reality, this extremely bloody war split Europe from 1914 to 1919 and was fought mostly by soldiers in trenches, resulting in a huge loss of life with an estimated 10 million military deaths and another 20 million wounded.

The only way to capture the other side’s trench was for the soldiers to cross “No Man’s Land,” the area between the trenches, on foot. Out in the open, thousands of soldiers raced across this barren land in the hopes of reaching the other side. Many were killed by machine-gun fire and artillery before they even got close. Because of the nature of trench warfare, millions of young men were slaughtered in the battles of World War I. The war quickly became one of attrition, which meant that eventually the side with the most men would win the war.

From 1914 to 1917, soldiers on each side of the line fought from their trenches. They fired artillery onto the enemy’s position and lobbed grenades. However, each time military leaders ordered a full-fledged attack, the soldiers were forced to leave the “safety” of their trenches.

want to learn more? Join Norman for some fun activities on the Jersey Heritage website: www.jerseyheritage.org/kids or scan here! 19

BERNARD FAULDER LETTERS AT JERSEY ARCHIVE The three letters shown here come from a collection of correspondence between Bernard Faulder and his family during the First World War. The Faulders were an English family who lived in Ramsbottom, Lancashire, during the war. After the war Bernardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s brother Robert married Nellie May Le Cocq, and the couple lived at Barnville, Five Oaks, St Saviour. The letters begin in January 1917 with Bernard, aged 18, joining the Scots Guards Regiment and follow him throughout his training in England and through his brief service in the trenches, before his untimely death on 25 November 1917. Documents like this do not always give us new facts about historic events, but they do give us a very good idea of what it was like for people living through those events, and enables us to put ourselves in their shoes, providing us with an emotional connection to the past.

Bernard’s feelings come through very clearly in his letters, and this makes it very easy to relate to and sympathise with him. His early letters are very evocative of a young man away from his home and family for the first time. Bernard obviously missed his family and looked forward to reading their letters ‘I am trying to be jolly while I am here, and it is a letter from home that helps to do that’. He asked for items from home such as a family photo, and his mother sent him sweets and cakes to cheer him up. Like anyone away from home, Bernard’s letters contain accounts of his day to day activities. Sometimes he described his duties, such as digging up the ground for planting vegetables, and sometimes his leisure pursuits, such as going to Hyde Park with a friend for tea. In a letter written on 28 May 1917, Bernard mentions ‘There were a lot of chaps back from the front last night, and I spoke to several of them’, so he probably had some idea of what would be waiting for him when he was sent to the trenches. Despite the grave situation, Bernard always tried to remain optimistic, trying to reassure his family, and perhaps himself, that he would be all right. In his first letter home he tells them ‘all the chaps here think that the war will be over soon’. Seven months later, whilst waiting to find out when he would be leaving for France, he writes ‘you must not get downhearted as I feel sure I will come home safely again’.

It is very easy to imagine the concern of Bernard’s family as they read his letters and waited for the next one to arrive, especially after he was sent to France. In a letter dated the 10 August 1917, he tells his mother ‘our draft goes on Monday or Tuesday for certain, do not worry Mum, God will take care of me, and I intend to be as brave as I can’. 21

In Bernardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s last letter, dated 21 November 1917, he tells his family he is being moved to the trenches.

The next letter they received was from Bernardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s corporal informing them that he was killed four days later. This makes for heartbreaking reading, and is especially poignant given Bernardâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s optimism and reassurances to his family.

With around 10,000,000 lives lost in the war, it is easy to forget that each one of those deaths affected the families and communities of the deceased. Documents like these can make you realize what a huge impact the war must have had, and that the participants in ‘historic’ events are just everyday people like us living their lives from day to day. Approximately 20% of Jersey’s population served in World War I in some capacity, meaning that this war had a big impact on Island life. Jersey Heritage is searching for images of those who played their part in the Great War as servicemen or civilians.

JERSEY ROLL OF HONOUR In April 1917 the States of Jersey instituted a War Roll Committee to create a Jersey Roll of Honour and Service commemorating all those Jerseymen who served, and in many cases died, in the Great War (World War I). It was a complicated task because there were Jerseymen fighting all over the world, in the Navy, Army and the Merchant Navy. The Roll of Honour contains 862 names – names of men that died in the Great War whilst the Roll of Service includes 6,292 names including men that were very badly injured and men who gained distinctions and medals for their bravery fighting.

Find out more!

You can see a copy of the Roll of Honour at Jersey Archive. Have a look through and see if any of your ancestors fought in the Great War.

OBJECT IN FOCUS oldest sampler in jersey heritage collection A needlework sampler is a piece of embroidery made as a demonstration or test of skill in needlework. It often includes the alphabet, figures, motifs, decorative borders and sometimes the name of the person who embroidered it and the date. The oldest sampler in the Jersey Heritage collection is from 1736. You can see more samplers from the collection in the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Stitched Memoriesâ&#x20AC;? exhibition at Hamptonne from 24 May to 14 September.

DID YOU KNOW? Textiles are very fragile and have to be kept in special conditions. They have to be kept in the dark as much as possible and in a stable environment (not too hot, not too cold). Every year, the textile collection is checked to make sure that there is no damage to the collection and to make sure that no moths or bugs have managed to get in. to the collection.

“Learning is an ornament it is a portion that can never be spent Learn now while you may for time Hath wings and flyeth away”, “command you may your _____ from play”. Elizabeth Anna Marrett was 7 years old when she did this piece(sic) 22 April 1736

ICE AGE ISLAND La Cotte de St Brelade is a Palaeolithic site. In terms of its size and its archaeological richness it is incredibly important, holding an unparalleled, unbroken record of human activity in Northern Europe for more than 250,000 years. The cave would have once formed part of a distinct rocky outcrop above a coastal plain, which would have been essential to the survival of Neanderthal hunters.

ICE AGE WORDS paleolithic

Old Stone Age which extends from the earliest people and their making and using of stone tools, around 2.6 million years ago to around 10,000 BC.

paleontology The finding and study of animal and human remains and fossils. archaeology

The finding and study of objects left behind by humans.

WHY IS THE SITE IMPORTANT? La Cotte de St Brelade is world famous for the objects and artefacts that it contains. The first discovery at the site occurred in 1881 when stone tools were found. Since then nearly a quarter of a million tools have been found at the site. As well as tools, bones from mammoth, woolly rhinoceros, giant deer and human teeth have been found at La Cotte de St Brelade. Because it has so many artefacts at the site, it shows how the Neanderthal people changed over time and shows the amazing technological skills that they had and how the people managed to survive the Ice Age. 26

ICE AGE HUNTING Ice Age people had to provide for themselves whilst living off the land, from hunting and gathering their food to finding shelter and keeping safe and healthy. Using their natural instincts and experiences, they developed tools and weapons to help them survive. For hunting, they invented spear-like objects out of rock and animal bones so that they could hunt, kill and prepare their food. They also knew how to find or make shelter, whether it was a cave, an overhanging rock slab or a tent made of bones, branches and hides.

jerseyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ice age trails Jersey Heritage has created special Ice Age walking trails which you a can enjoy with your family around Jersey. To watch a video about the Ice Age Trails and ongoing research into Jerseyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Ice Age history visit: www.jerseyheritage.org/IceAgeIsland or scan here!

MARSHMALLOWS

ICE AGE ISLAND For human kind, the Ice Age was a time of discovery, development and learning. A time which, in some ways, was the beginning of the world we live in today. It was during the Ice Age that the early humans first discovered the element of fire - a discovery which allowed for many advances in the Ice-Age period.

Fire was a useful element which could be used by humans for many different things in order to survive. Animals were afraid of fire, so people could use it to protect themselves, especially from dangerous animals. Men could also use fire to hunt; by gathering together with fire torches they could chase down frightened animals to kill and eat. This was a very effective way of hunting and meant that humans were able to kill more and therefore eat more. Fire also made an amazing physical change in people. Fire allowed people to cook the meat they ate, which meant that they didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have to chew their food as much. Over time, the human body evolved to have smaller jaws and teeth, which allowed their heads to shrink and gave more space for the human brain to grow. As time went on, people become more dependent on their tools and the techniques handed down from generation to generation in order to survive. Relationships with other humans became increasingly important, as by sharing information and working together with different roles within a community humans found it easier to survive.

What do you think these Ice Age tools are used for?

NEEDLE

SCRAPER

AXE

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SITES IN FOCUS When you visit the Jersey Heritage sites, keep your eyes open. When you find these objects or buildings write down where they are or what they are.

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jèrriais Why don’t you try?

What is Jèrriais? Jèrriais is a form of ancient Norman French and is the traditional language of Jersey. Closely related to French, it was spoken widely in the Island until 1912, when it was officially replaced by English in local schools. Much of Jersey’s history is recorded only in Jèrriais. It is an important part of Jersey’s heritage and is still spoken and evolving as a language today.

Good morning Bouônjour Thank you Mèrcie bein des fais How are you? Coumme est qu’tu’es Goodbye À bêtôt Happy Birthday Bouôn annivèrsaithe Happy Christmas Bouan Noué How much is it? Combein qu’ch’est? See you next week À la s’maine tchi veint

want to learn more?

You can learn to speak or even sing Jèrriais with Norma and Norman. Just visit the Jersey Heritage website: www.jerseyheritage.org/kids or scan here!

can you match the jèrriais words or phrases to the correct pictures?

Bèrquot

Seurféthie

Frégatin

Paisson

Surfing

Fish

Sailor

Miss Norma

Small Boat

meet the badlabecques Bouônjour! Coumme est qu’tu’es? We are a band called the Badlabecques and we like to sing traditional Jèrriais songs. This is one of the songs we like to sing, called ‘L’île Dé Jérri’ which means ‘the Island of Jersey’. You can sing along to this song and a few other traditional Jèrriais songs when you visit the Jersey Heritage website, or scan here!

L’île Dé Jérri

The Island of Jersey

Il existe un p’tit coin ernomme partout l’monde, Ou’est qu’les Rouais d’Angliétérre ont attérri. I’ n’ya a autchun pays tchi peut fourni s’n êga, Car dans tout l’unnivérs n’y’a qu’un Jérri; Ch’n’est pas étonnant si not’ petite île Fait envie à tout étrangi, Qué ché sait la campange ou not mangnifique Ville, Janmais jé n’ cêssons dé les louangi. Nos maîsons sont bâtues auvex du bieau grannit, Et ch’est ichîn qu’à longs jours lé sole lit. Quant à des belles ércoltes, I’ faut aller dans nos clios, Si chi’est qu’ou voulez vaie des chours dgiêx pids d’haut. Dgiêx pids d’haut, mes garcons, dgiêx pids d’haut… N’y a qu’nous tchi pouvons craît’ des chours dgiêx pids d’haut!

There’s a little corner famous throughout the world, Where the English kings hold sway. No country can compare, For in all the Universe there’s only one Jersey; It comes as no surprise that our dear Island Makes everyone else jealous, Of our magnificent countryside and of our Town, We always sing in praise. We have fine granite houses, And the Sun shines all the day. And as for the harvest, just look at our fields, If you want to see cabbages 10 feet high. 10 feet high, my boys, 10 feet high... We’re the only ones who can grow cabbages 10 feet high! *Translation by Geraint Jennings

DA POL I

DISCOVERY DAY WORKSHOPS 8 – 11 years only Saturday 21 and Sunday 22 June

Flying Dragons Mont Orgueil Castle 2 – 5pm £12.50 per child (member) £20.50 (non-member) Calling all kite makers, be inspired by the local legend of Sir Hambie and the dragon to make your own fearsome, fire-breathing dragon. At the end of the afternoon invite your family to come and fly the dragon with you from the highest battlement of Mont Orgueil Castle. Saturday 19 July and Sunday 20 July

Treasure Hunt and Map Making La Hougue Bie 2 – 5pm £10.00 per child (member) £16.50 (non-member)

In 2012 near to La Hougue Bie an enormous hoard of Celtic coins was discovered. We’ll be making our own treasure, hiding it and making a treasure map. At the end of the afternoon challenge your family to follow the map and discover your treasure. Saturday 16 and Sunday 17 August

Beach Art Lewis’s Tower, Five Mile Road 2 – 5pm £7.00 per child Learn how to cast plaster sculptures in sand. We will be carving sea creature shapes in the beach embedded with our beach-combed treasures to make plaster sculptures as souvenirs of the summer.

Discover more about the sites and collections of Jersey Heritage by coming to a Discovery Day Workshop. The workshops are designed to give children more time to make, do and discover. Led by local artist and teacher, Jo Howell, these workshops will give children longer to make something and have the opportunity to discover and be inspired by the sites and collections of Jersey Heritage. Saturday 27 and Sunday 28 September

A Superhero Drawing Day Jersey Museum & Art Gallery 2 – 5pm £7.00 per child (member) £12.50 per child (non-member) Come along to this drawing workshop to turn your local hero in to a comic book style superhero, making a poster that will tell their story to the Island.

Saturday 25 and Sunday 26 October

Witches, Ghouls and Ghosties Hamptonne Country Life Museum

x x

2 – 5pm £9.50 per child (member) £14.50 (non members) Make your own terrifying costume for Halloween. Tales of local witches and witchcraft will inspire us to make some truly hideous costumes.

x Saturday 22 and Sunday 23 November

Christmas Crafts Jersey Museum & Art Gallery 2 – 5pm £9.50 per child (member) £14.50 (non-member) Join us on the final workshop of 2014 to make the perfect Christmas gift. We will be sculpting with Fimo to create beautiful keepsake Christmas tree decorations.

To book: either download a booking form from www.jerseyheritage.org or email learning@jerseyheritage.org

JERSEY FLAG The official flag of Jersey comprises a red saltire (a diagonal cross) on a white field. At the top is the badge of Jersey (a red shield holding the three leopards of Normandy) with a yellow crown on top of it. This was first flag to officially be adopted by the Island. It was first suggested in 1979 and officially sanctioned by the Queen before it was hoisted for the first time on 7 April 1981. Before this, Islanders flew a plain red saltire cross on a white background. The French Admiralty described this flag in a document from 1785.

The move for a new flag began with Queen Elizabeth’s Silver Jubilee in 1977. People thought the Jersey flag was too much like the St Patrick’s flag and it was the same as the nautical signal flag V! Islanders wanted a flag that was distinctive enough to represent the Island. The three gold leopards on a red shield were added, topped off with a golden plantagenet crown. During the German Occupation, the Jersey flag became more common as the Union Jack was not allowed to be flown. However, the flag of Nazi Germany was flown on all public buildings (such as Fort Regent and Mont Orgueil Castle).

Beware! You have to be very careful with the Jersey flag. Sometimes the shape of the badge (shield) with the leopards is wrong. Which is the correct flag…..

Look at the flags below - some are flying the correct flag and some are flying the wrong flag. Can you circle the pictures with the correct flag?

OBJECT IN FOCUS La Hougue Bie à Jersey, 1775 by Colonel Joshua Gosselin (1739-1813)

watercolour This watercolour is the earliest known view of La Hougue Bie. The painting shows the Medieval chapel which sits on top of a Neolithic burial mound. The chapel was altered when in 1792 Philippe d’Auvergne built a folly alongside the chapel, the folly being known as Prince’s Tower. The Tower was eventually demolished in the 1920’s after years of neglect. This watercolour is one of the earliest representations of what was once one of the Island’s major industries of knitting. Knitting was so popular and profitable that a law was passed banning everyone from knitting during the harvest. Joshua Gosselin (1739-1813) was a member of one of Guernsey’s old-established families. Gosselin enjoyed a successful career in his position as Greffier (Clerk of the Royal Court), a position which he inherited from his father in 1768.

As well as an avid artist, Gosselin was also known for: • Compiling the first known list of Guernsey plants (supported by a herbarium which still survives). • Playing a pivotal role in bringing Guernsey’s rich history and heritage to the attention of the outside world. • Recording the topography of Guernsey using a charming eighteenth century manner.

find out more Visit the Jersey Heritage website: www.jerseyheritage.org/kids or scan here!

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Don’t miss out. Get the Jersey heritage programme of events on your mobile, now! Scan here.

WHAT’S YOUR STREET’S STORY? ELFINE HOTEL ON GOREY PIER In 1908, Reuben Main and his wife were running the hotel. He had employed a women by the name of Augustine Navarre Marie at the Elfine hotel as a charwoman on Mondays and Saturdays for four years. However a number of things started going missing from the hotel, which no one could explain. Another employee had told Reuben’s wife that he had seen Augustine Marie taking fruit from the hotel, as a result of which the parish authorities were informed. They decided to search Mrs Marie and found on her possession two pieces of soap and half a pound of tea, which she admitted stealing from the hotel. She was arrested and then taken to her lodgings to conduct a search where they found amongst other things: 5 pillow slips, 10 table cloths, 39 towels, 21 napkins, 47 table knives, 30 forks, 22 table spoons, 22 teaspoons.

ELFINE HOTEL

She was immediately taken to prison and her case was heard first in the Magistrate’s court and then in the Royal Court. She pleaded guilty and on the 30 May 1908 was sentenced to 6 months in prison with hard labour and then banished from the Island for five years. You do wonder what she was going to do with these stolen goods – open her own rival hotel, perhaps?

how to do research for yourself? There are some special resources available if you want to do your own research. These include:

• Public Registry – which include contracts for house sales • Census Records – from 1841. This can include details of the names of people who lived in a house, how old they were and what their jobs were.

• Rate Lists – from 1861. Everyone living in a house has to pay the parish money (called Rates) every year which help to cover the costs of the honorary police, fixing roads and even bin collections. Maps, Plans and Aerial Photographs might also be available which you can search on the Jersey Archive database.

the jersey archive runs a series of talks on what’s your street story. these take place every 3rd saturday of the month. sponsored by appleby

did you know? Jersey has one of the oldest systems in the world for recording house and land sales. The Public Registry was made by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1602. Since then, every time a house is sold from one person to another, all the details are recorded.

WHAT’S YOUR STREET’S STORY? st ouen’s murder case On the evening of 22 December 1894 John Francis of St Ouen was making his way home to L’Etacq from Pooley’s Hotel at Greve de Lecq. He was assaulted with a blunt instrument and was left unconscious. His body was finally found, just 200 paces away from his own house the next morning. Francis was a blacksmith, a sober, strong but quiet man with a very good reputation. It was reported that it looked as if there were traces of a scuffle in the blood found at the scene and as if more than one man’s footmarks had been trodden through the blood stains but that he couldn’t be certain. The doctors who undertook the post-mortem, Dr Bentliff and Dr Falla were also of the opinion that the attack had been carried out by more than one assailant. The report stated that “The deceased, in our opinion, must have been attacked with great violence by probably more than one person, otherwise being a strong muscular man, he would have been able to defend himself.”

On 5 January 1895 Ernest Leonard, a Frenchman, was charged with his murder. He faced trial in the Royal Court. The prosecution alleged that Leonard’s motive for the crime was jealousy – John Francis had been a family friend of the girl that Leonard had been engaged to marry. Her parents had forbidden her to marry Leonard and the engagement had been broken off. Whilst he admitted to being in the area, he denied murder. The trial went on for a number of weeks but after that time Leonard was acquitted of the crime. 16 years later, two Frenchmen, Augustin Le Vaillaint Villio and Jean Rene Eon were convicted of blackmail. They had tried to force money from the wife of Ernest Leonard (who was a sailor and in Rio at the time) saying that they knew him well and that they had a piece of paper with his confession to the murder of John Francis. However, Mrs Leonard contacted the police and the piece of paper with the alleged confession on was burnt. What was written on the paper remains a mystery.

JOIN US ON A DIGITAL ADVENTURE There are a host of online games and learning activities waiting for you on the Jersey Heritage website. To continue your adventure with Norma and Norman visit:

www.jerseyheritage.org/kids

or scan here: NAME SCHOOL

JERSEY HERITAGE

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IN PARTNERSHIP WITH

Jersey Heritage Jersey Museum & Art Gallery The Weighbridge St Helier Jersey JE2 3NG

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Telephone: +44 (0) 1534 633300 Facsimile: + 44(0) 1534 633301 Email: info@jerseyheritage.org Visit: www.jerseyheritage.org

WOW! There are so many adventures to be had. With Jersey Heritage membership from just 90p* a month, there’s never been a better time to explore the Island’s history.

M ONT

Monthly direct debit prices: Child & Student | 90p Adults from | £3.15 Senior | £1.85 Families from | £4.90 Minimum 12 month contract