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Chapter 7 Diesel Engine Cooling and Lubrication Systems
Turbocharger
CamShafts
Oil Return O
Vacuum Pump
Oil Return R Non-Return Valve
Oil Pressure Switch
Spray Nozzle (Piston Cooling)
Bypass Valve Oil Filter
Oil Pressure Control Valve
Crankshaft Oil Return
Oil Cooler Oil Return Non-Return Valve
Oil Pan
Oil Pump Oil Pressure Relief Valve Oil Level & Temperature Sensor FIGURE 7-31 Oil circuits and the placement of lubrication system components in an in-line four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine.
to reduce operating costs. The following major lubrication system components function to meet these demands. ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■ ■■
engine oil oil pump oil pan oil cooler oil filter(s) oil-pressure regulating and pressure-relief valves oil level dipstick.
▶▶ Engine 7-04 Identify and explain the classification systems for engine oil according to oil properties and characteristics.
Oil Classification
Performance standards for oil are established by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). The SAE establishes standards for measuring oil viscosity, called the SAE viscosity rating, and the API sets the remaining standards. To be approved for the operating conditions and in use protecting unique technologies of various manufacturers, engine oils classified by the API will carry the API designation, indicating their suitability for an engine application. For example, engines that use highspeed turbochargers and that recirculate exhaust gases into the combustion chamber will
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