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The 100 Most Influential World Leaders of All Time
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1940 after the German occupation of France. He escaped in 1942 and worked in the Résistance until France was liberated in 1944. A founder of the Popular Republican Movement (Mouvement Républicain Populaire; MRP), he served as minister of finance (July–November 1946), premier (November 1947–July 1948 and August–September 1948), foreign minister (July 1948–December 1952), and minister of justice (1955–56). While serving as foreign minister, Schuman developed the Schuman Plan (1950) to promote European economic and military unity and a Franco-German rapprochement to prevent another war between the two nations. The economic aspects of his plan were realized in 1952 in the European Coal and Steel Community, the six-nation western European economic union, the first in a series of economic agreements leading to the formation of the European Economic Community (the Common Market) in 1957. He served as president of the Assembly, the consultative arm of the Common Market, from 1958 to 1960 and was an assembly member until February 1963.
Adolf Hitler (b. April 20, 1889, Braunau am Inn, Austria—d. April 30, 1945, Berlin, Ger.)
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he leader of the National Socialist (Nazi) Party and dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, Adolf Hitler was responsible for both World War II and the Holocaust and, for many people, became the incarnation of evil.
Early Life and Rise to Power Hitler spent his early life in Linz, Austria, and in Vienna. He was a lonely, frustrated artist and moved to Munich,
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