Constructing Environments Logbook WEEK 4 Jiawei CHEN
Studio  Activity:
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Span and Spacing:
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Beams:
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Summary of E-‐Learning
Span: the distance measured between two structural supports • Can be measured between vertical supports (for a horizontal member) or between horizontal supports (for a vertical member) • Not necessarily the same as the length of a member - Spacing: the repeating distance between a series of like or similar elements • Often associated with supporting elements (such as beams, columns, etc.) and can be measured horizontally or vertically • Is generally measured centre-‐line to centre-‐line • Spacing of the supporting elements depends on the Spanning capabilities of the supported elements Mostly horizontal structural element • Function: to carry loads along the length of the beam and transfer these loads to the vertical supports • Can be : supported at both ends of the beam supported at numerous points along the length of beam supported at points away from the ends of the beam supported at only one end of the beam (cantilever) • Cantilever: a cantilever is created when a structural element is supported at only one end (or the overhanging portions of a member are significant). • Function: to carry loads along the length of the member and transfer these loads to the support • Can be: horizontal vertical angled
• Floor and Framing systems:
Concrete: slabs of various types are used to span between structural supports • Can be one-‐way or two-‐way spans Steel framing: Steel framing systems take various forms, with some utilizing heavy gauge structural steel members and others using light gauge steel framing • In many instances, a combination of member types and materials are combined (e.g. heavy and light members) depending on their structural function • Sometimes combine with concrete slab systems to where the particular benefits of steel framing and shallow depth floor slab systems are desired
• Concrete (Reinforcement):
• Concrete: strong in compression but weak in tension; To improve its structural performance, steel (very strong in tension) reinforcement in form of MESH or BARS is added
Glossary
Joist: “a beam made of timber, steel, or reinforced concrete, used in the construction of floors, roofs, etc”. (Collinsdictionary.com, 2014). Girder: “a large beam, especially the one made of steel, used in the construction of bridges, buildings, etc”. (Please refer to Figure X) (Collinsdictionary.com, 2014 & WiseGEEK, 2014). Steel decking: A type of decking that “is corrugated to increase its stiffness and spanning capability “.(Please refer to Figure X). (Ching, 2013 & Cisco-‐Eagle, 2014). Concrete Plank: A concrete board used in the structure of floor systems.(Please refer to Figure X). (Ching, 2013 & Bethlehem Construction Inc.,2014). Bearer: Beams that takes most of the loads to support the structure. (Ching, 2013). Spacing: “the repeating distance between a series of like or similar elements”. (Please refer to Figure X). (Ching, 2013). Figure X
Figure X
Figure X
Figure X
Figure X
Bibliography Bethlehem Construction Inc.,. (2014). Hollowcore Planks. Retrieved from http://www.bethlehemconstruction.com/nw/concrete/hollowcore/ Ching, F.(2013). Building Construction Illustrated. Wiley & Sons, Inc. Cisco-‐Eagle,. (2014). Mezzanine Roof Deck. Retrieved from http://www.cisco-‐eagle.com/catalog/c-‐3197-‐mezzanine-‐decking-‐options.aspx Collinsdictionary.com,. (2014). Collins English Dictionary | Always Free Online. Retrieved 26 August 2014, from http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/joist?showCookiePolicy=true Collinsdictionary.com,. (2014). Collins English Dictionary | Always Free Online. Retrieved 28 August 2014, from http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/girder?showCookiePolicy=true Newton, C. (2014). W04_ c1 FLOOR SYSTEMS Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otKffehOWaw&feature=youtu.be Newton, C. (2014). W04_ m1 CONCRETE Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1M19C25MLU&feature=youtu.be Newton, C. (2014). W04_m2 IN SITU CONCRETE Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3zW_TBGjfE&feature=youtu.be Newton, C. (2014). W04_m3 PRE CAST CONCRETE Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scYY-‐MMezI0&feature=youtu.be WiseGEEK,. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-‐is-‐a-‐girder-‐bridge.htm