PORTFOLIO IONE BRADDICK U16 Y5
PROJECT 1
learn/ un-learn/ re-learn
Project 1A : Learn
LONDON OLYMPIC PARK 2012 1:5000 ‘Learn’ began as a group project researching, studying and understanding the different structures that shaped the London Olympics in 2012. Focusing on the Olympic Park in Stratford lead to an investigation into the recently built Olympic site, and its many new permanent and temporary venues, as well as researching the history of the site, and, crucially, the question of legacy. An Olympic Kit of Parts was developed to begin to question the idea of the individiality of Olympic Games, and the concept of a temporary and transportable Games.
Project 1A : Learn
OLYMPIC KIT OF PARTS 1/ Olympic Stadium 2/ Olympic Village 3/ Excel Centre 4/ Warm-up area 5/ Basketball Arena 6/ Velodrome 7/ Handball Arena 8/ Main Press Centre 9/ International Broadcast Centre
10/ Hockey pitches 11/ Energy Centre 12 Energy Substation 13/ Aquatics Centre 14/ DLR station 15/ Multi-storey car park 16/ Gymnastics area 17/ BMX track 18/ Orbit
19/ Foul water pumping station 20/ Eton Manor 21/ Black water pumping station 22/ Water Polo Arena 23/ Tennis Courts 24/ Volleyball Courts 25/ Fotball stadium 26/ Beach Volleyball Courts 27/ Badminton Courts
Project 1A : Learn
OLYMPIC KIT MODEL TRANSPORTABLE KIT OF PARTS This kit of parts model opens up the possibiities of the transportable Olympics, the idea being that the Games can be passed simply from one host city to another. The kit can be used as a basis upon which to base any Summer Olympics, and questions the individuality of each Olympics, along with highlighting the potential for temporary and even reusable venues for multiple Games.
Project 1A : Learn
Project 1A : Learn
OLYMPIC PARK MODEL 1:2500 This model, made alongside the Olympic Kit of Parts, consists of multiple layers, the existing landscape in 2000, the current 2012 Olympic Park overlaid, nd the venues above this. The temporary nature of the buildings and venues are displayed through differing height layers on the model, with the lowest level of buildings showing permanent venues, he middle level showing venues which are staying but changing use, and the top level showing those which are entirely temporary. The model base, showing the site previous to the Olympics, clearly emphasises the imprinting nature of the Olympics on a host city.
Project 1A : Learn
OLYMPIC PARK MODEL 1:2500
Project 1B : UN-Learn
OLYMPIC STADIUMS 1896-2008 Following the initial study of the existing London Olympics, the second brief, ‘Unlearn’ encouraged bold suggestions for the next steps of the Olympics. The Olympic Stadium has always been fundamental in the archtiecture, the success, and often the legacy of the Games. Despite the unchanging nature and form of this venue, a new stadium is often built every 4 years, both costly and timely. What if a venue so large as the Olympic stadium could be removed entirely? Or adapted to suit an entirely new legacy need?
Project 1B : UN-Learn
TRANSFORMABLE OLYMPIC STADIUM MODULAR MODEL STUDY This card model showed a diagrammatic and simplified section of the London Olympic Stadium, multiplied to make the stadium in its entirety. The model aimed to demostrate the potential changing nature of the stadium after the Olympics, as well as the changing physical possibilities, and its reuse.
Project 1B : UN-Learn
TRANSFORMABLE OLYMPIC STADIUM MODEL STUDIES
TRANSFORMABLE OLYMPIC STADIUM SINGLE SECTION TRANSFORMATION The transformation of one model section through folding, turning and flattening begins to display the variability of modular parts, and the idea of a venue that has a far greater potential legacy than merely that of a sports stadium. The stadium itself could be seen as a kit of parts, with reuse of the many components for a more far-reaching, transportable and adaptive legacy.
Project 1B : UN-Learn
INTERNAL STAIRS
WCS
SEATING SUPPORT STRUCTURE
BRIDGE ROOF STRUCTURE
MEMBRANE ROOF STRUCTURE
UPPER TIER SEATING
LOWER TIER SEATING
ENTRANCE STRUCTURE
EXTERNAL STAIRS
EXO SKELETON STRUCTURE
CONCRETE FOOTING
LIGHTING STRUCTURE
EXTERNAL WRAP
LONDON OLYMPIC STADIUM DISSECTION The London Olympic stadium can be dissected into its modular components in an attempt to create a kit of parts, allowing the stadium to be transported and transformed; either to continue its use as a sports facility, or to take on a new architectural role for the legacy of the Olympics.
Project 1B : UN-Learn
LONDON OLYMPIC STADIUM KIT OF PARTS
Project 1C : RE-Learn
LONDON 2012
ATHENS 2004
BEIJING 2008
RIO 2016
FROM LONDON TO RIO 2012-2016 From the re-interpretation of the 2012 London Olympics, ‘Re-learn’ turns our attention to the Rio de Janeiro Olympics in 2016.The question of the Olympic Stadium continues; could it be designed to be transported from one host city to the next? Could the Rio Olympic Stadium be one that doesn’t result in a large scale unused sports facility, but instead be dismantled and transformed into smaller scale architectural opportunities to create a meaningful legacy in Brazil? Could the stadium then be rebuilt for the Olympics of 2020?
Project 1C : RE-Learn
SAMBODROMO
CARNIVAL FLOATS RIO DE JANEIRO 2012 With the idea of creating a stadium that could be brought from the London Olympics to the Rio de Janeiro Olympics of 2016, began the concept of a procession of this stadium being transported from one host city to another. Rio is famous for its carnival, where huge floats are built and processed through the Sambodromo, and these provide a provocative precedent for the creation of a carnival of construction. Each float is a feat of design and engineering, with fierce competition between the different Samba Schools of Rio, and their neighbourhoods.
Project 1C : RE-Learn
CIDADE DO SAMBA
CIDADE DO SAMBA WORKSHOP RIO DE JANEIRO NOVEMBER 2012 The carnival floats are created at the Cidade do Samba, a collection of large warehouses where different Samba Schools, build, rehearse and prepare for the carnival. The floats are being planned and assembled for the following year from two months after the carnival finishes. Wood, polystyrene, fabric, paper, plastic and metal are all used to astonishing effect, to create fantastical floats at a giant scale.
FAVELA MANGUERIA
FAVELA MORRO DO TELEGRAFO
FAVELA MORRO DA LIBERDADE
FAVELA PARQUE DA CANDELARAIA
FAVELA TUIUTI
FAVELA MORRO DO CHACRINHA
FAVELA MATINHA
FAVELA BPO
FAVELA MORRO AZEVADO LIMA
FAVELA RATO
FAVELA MORRO DE SAO CARLOS
FAVELA MOREIRA PINTO
FAVELA MORRO SANTOS RODRIGUES
FAVELA MINEIRA
FAVELA MORRO DA COROA
FAVELA TR VISTA ALEGRE
The procissional route of the Olympic Stadium from the port, airport, or Cidade do Samba through the Sambodromo to the site of the Maracana Stadium and then onwards to multiple destinations within the city, such as favelas, schools and tourist areas, post-Olympic Games.
TRANSPORTATION/ PROCCESSION OF STADIUM THROUGH RIO DE JANEIRO
FAVELA MORRO DA PREVIDENCIA
Project 1C : re-Learn
Project 1C : RE-Learn
AIRPORT
PORT
CIDADE DO SAMBA
MARACANA STADIUM
FAVELA
CIVIC
INDUSTRY
HEALTH
EDUCATION
SAMBODROMO
THE STADIUM CARNIVAL 1:2500 The route and destinations are marked out, allowing the different fates of the stadium parts to be chosen individually.
Project 1C : RE-Learn
THE STADIUM CARNIVAL ROUTE MODEL1:2500 This model aimed to display the scale and size of the processional route of the Olympic Stadium through the city. The model is played like a game inviting the golden stadium floats to be pushed along the route, through the Sambodromo and onto the Maracana site, leading to the choosing of an onwards route for the stadium components to one of many end destinations.
Project 1C : RE-Learn
THE STADIUM CARNIVAL 1:2500
Project 1C : RE-Learn
PUSH CART : 0.4 x 1m
BICYCLE : 0.5 x 1.8m
CAR : 1.5 x 4m
CONTAINER TRUCK : 2.6m x 16m
CARNIVAL FLOAT : 8.5 x 20m
TRANSPORTATION OF STADIUM In order to transport the Olympic Stadium Kit of Parts through the streets of Rio and onto mulitple destinations, the method and sizes of transport must be considered. From floats down to pushcarts, different scales are needed in order to maintain the flexible and varied legacy of the transformable Olympic Stadium.
Project 1C : RE-Learn
THE STADIUM CARNIVAL KIT OF PARTS
Project 1C : RE-Learn
STADIUM FLOAT #1: INNER STRUCTURES 1:100 This set of models explores the playful stadium carnival floats, as moving and changeable objects in their own right, as well as transporting stadium parts towards or away from the stadium site and Olympic event. This first float transports the inner structures of the stadium, the seating tiers, the toilets, and the stairs. It explores the notion of a ‘drive-thru’ stadium, easily transported, set up, and taken away.
Project 1C : RE-Learn
STADIUM FLOAT #2: EXO-SKELETON 1:100 This second float transports the exoskeleton of the stadium, the outer structural elements such as the roof supports, the external structure and the roof membrane. The movement of folding down opens up new possibiities for the float both functionally and spatially.
Project 1C : RE-Learn
STADIUM FLOAT #3: LIGHTING TOWERS 1:100 The third float carries the lighting towers, some of the most prominent and recognisable elements of the London Olympic Stadium. The huge towers are kept, where possible, intact to continue a visual legacy of the London Olympics when processing through Rio. As huge carnival floats the construction elements become toy-like and enjoyable as carnival pieces in their own right.
PROJECT 2
material/ immaterial/ programme
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
RIO DE JANEIRO DISTRICT MAP
RIO CITY CENTRE 1:10000
SITE MAP 1:2000
Project 2A : MATERIAL
CIDADE DO SAMBA
MATERIAL QUALITIES CIDADE DO SAMBA As the projects develops it is crucial to invetgate the physical properties, the material qualities that feature throughout the city of Rio de Janeiro. The stadium carnival needs to capture the textures, density and materiality of the city in order to fulfill it’s role as an Olympic Stadium of Rio. The Cidade do Samba provides crucial insight into the physical manifestation of the carnival, not just the fantastical floats, but the remains, the unused, the discarded elements.
Project 2A : MATERIAL
MATERIAL QUALITIES ROCINHA FAVELA
ROCINHA FAVELA
The idea of an Olympic legacy in Rio needs to extend further than simply the carnival route of the city, and the favelas are crucial in the future of the city and the country as a whole. In Rocinha, the largest favela in Rio de Janeiro, the scale and spread of unplanned and precarious urban strcutures are breathtaking, whilst the waste and density almost suffocating. The materials and textures are squeezed together to create an urban mass that houses almost 20% of Rio’s population.
Project 2A : MATERIAL
MATERIAL QUALITIES THE STREETS OF RIO The material nature of the changing streets of Rio are captured in this model through the build up of wood into a cityscape that can be folded, lifted or boxed into multiple forms to display the many different sites that the stadium carnival travels through. The model changes scale and site from citywide to the infill site pictured previously in the Cidade do Samba, morphing into ever denser spaces, and indicating the difficulty of space and volume within the city.
Project 2B : IMMATERIAL
MATERIAL/IMMATERIAL TIMELAPSE To capture the non-physical, the immaterial elements crucial for understanding Rio, to the Olympics and to the carnival, this short film expresses the productivity, the rhythm, and the playfulness of the city. The building, the making the intense work results in a fleeting but delightful toylike creation of the carnival.
Project 2B : IMMATERIAL
THE CARNIVAL TOY The toy spins and winds, powered by the creation of the city and the site around it. It then splits open its container and spreads the carnival spirit, the joy of the Olympics and the rhythm of the samba across the city. But it is fundamentally made of the same building blocks as the city, it is part of Rio de Janeiro in its making and dismantling.
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4. MARACNA STADIUM: STADIUM INFRASTRUCTURE AND SPORT FACILITIES REGENERATION 5. FAVELA MANGUERIA: MOBILE LIBRARY AND EDUCATION CENTRE 6. ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE AND PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE 7. FAVELA VISTE ALEGRE: SCHOOL EXTENSION 8. SAMBODROMO: COMMUNITY CENTRE AND SAMBA BAR 9. GAMBOA: FAVELA STAIR ACCESS AND CIDADE DO SAMBA WAREHOUSES
1. SAMBODROMO: PROCESSION AND PARTY 2. EDUCATION: UNIVERSITY CAMPUS 3. MARACANA STADIUM: OPENING AND CLOSING CEREMONY
PROCESSIONAL ROUTE AND LEGACY CITY WIDE PROGRAMMATIC INTERVENTIONS
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Project 2C : PROGRAMME
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6. MORRA DA PROVIDENCIA: RIO’S OLDEST FAVELA, AT RISK OF BEING SLOWLY ERODED BY OLYMPIC PLANS AND CABLE CARS
5.VILA OLYMPICA DA GAMBOA: PART OF THE PROPOSED 2016 OLYMPIC VILLAGE AND ART REGENRATION, OLD RAILWAY WAREHOUSES ARE BEING TRANSFORMED INTO GALLERIES AND RESIDENCES
4. OLD PORT OF RIO: THE NEW PORT HAS SHIFTED TO A LARGER PLACE FURTHER NORTH IN ORDER TO ACCOMMODATE THE EVER INCREASING NUMBER OF CRUISE SHIPS
3. INDUSTRICAL BUILDING: THE OLD PORT AREA HAS MANY UNUSED INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS, THE AIM IS TO REGENERATE THESE INTO ARTISTS STUDIOS AND LOFT LIVING
2. CIDADE DO SAMBA: WAREHOUSES WHERE CARNIVAL FLOATS ARE CREATED AND REHEARSALS TAKE PLACE
1. CHOSEN SITE: INFILL SITE BETWEEN TWO BUILDING, FORMERLY THE ENTRANCE TO THE HOSPITAL DE SAUDE
SITE LOCATION 1:2000
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
MORRA DE PROVIDENCIA : 1.2m
MORRA DE PROVIDENICA: 4m
AVENIDA SALVADOR DE SA : 9.5m
SAMBODROMO : 13.5m
STREET WIDTHS OF ROUTE The sections above display a range of the widths of streets in Rio along which the stadium carnival would travel. The Sambodromo, where the Rio Carnival processes and competes through, is the largest at 13.5m all the way down to favela streets at ony 1m wide. Transporting parts of the large scale sporting facility down to small scales such as these presents a huge design challenge.
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
CIDADE DO SAMBA SITE MODEL KIT OF PARTS
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
CIDADE DO SAMBA SITE MODEL 1:100 In order to test the kit of parts to become more than simply the Olympic Stadium, an infill site alongside the Cidade do Samba with a steep incline leading up to favela housing provided a limited and contained area in which to create a simple level changing infrastructure using just the stadium components. Testing the model proved crucial in discovering necessary changes in scale, volume and use of the original kit, paving the way for the design of a kit of parts built with this latter stage of legacy in mind.
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
CIDADE DO SAMBA SITE MODEL 1:100
Project 2C : PROGRAMME
CIDADE DO SAMBA SITE MODEL 1:100
Project 3: FUTURE PROGRAMME
TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
ARTS
SPORTS
HOUSING
PUBLIC
INDUSTRY
HEALTH
EDUCATION
ENTERTAINMENT
BEACH BAR
STAIRWAY AND LEVEL CHANGE
SINGLE FAMILY HOUSE
BUS STATION
MOBILE VACCINATION CENTRE
MARKET
SPORTS HALL
CLASSROOM
BANDSTAND AND STAGE
PERGOLA
MONUMENT
CARNIVAL WORKSHOP
PROGRAMMATIC POSSIBILITIES FOR FUTURE USE OF COMPONENTS The possibilities for the future use of the stadium components are multiple. In re-designing the stadium to create these future uses it must be considered whether the components are to be used as set structural parts, such as walls and floors, whole standalone entities, or flexible pieces. Their scale must also be carefully considered- both for transport and end result, as well as the connections and joints that attach or detach the components. The variety of future uses here are shown in the key, displaying a far-reaching Olympic legacy.
Project 3: STADIUM RE-DESIGN
1/ FLOODLIGHTS
4/ ROOF FOOTBRIDGES
7/ EXTERNAL WRAP
10/ STAIRCASES
532 ecologically friendly standard floodlights used.
Inner ring provides access to lights and roof. 450 tonnes of steel used.
336 fabric panels, each 25m high create a facade.
Standard staircase components allow them to be removed to be reused.
2/ LIGHTING TOWERS
5/ MEMBRANE ROOF
8/ SEATING TRUSSES
11/ TOILETS
14 lighting towers, 35 tonnes each, lifted whole onto the stadium.
25,000m2 of PVC fabric divided into 112 strips.
112 bolted steel truss sections support the upper tier seating.
Standard toilet portacabins used and repeated around stadium perimeter.
6/ STRUCTURAL COLUMN
9/ SEATING
12/ CONCRETE BOWL
28 bolted roof columns support the entire roof of the stadium.
80,000 standard stadium seats are used, 55,000 of them are temporary.
Permanent concrete structure creates a smaller stadium with a 25,000 seat capacity.
3/ ROOF TRUSS SUPPORT Allows the roof to be an entirely free standing structure. Each truss piece weighs 90 tonnes.
BESPOKE STADIUM COMPONENTS
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SECTION OF LONDON OLYMPIC STADIUM SHOWING BESPOKE/ STANDARDIZED COMPONENTS
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Testing the London Olympic Stadium by dividing it into a kit of parts to be used in future architecture projects lead to the realisation of the lack of usability of the large-scaled components. To design a stadium that can be fully capable of creating a kit of parts and future legacy on a far smaller scale, the bespoke elements are identified here to be redesigned, whilst standardized parts can be assumed to be readily available for quick assembly and disassembly.
Project 3 : STADIUM RE-DESIGN
MEMBRANE ROOF
STEEL ROOF STRUCTURE
STEEL GROUND STRUCTURE
TENSION CABLE SUPPORT
KIT OF PARTS
1/ LIGHTWEIGHT FRAME
FESTIVAL STAGE
The lightweight frame structure allows minimal material to be used creating a very sustainable design. It is made up of simple parts, including a stretched membrane roof which would be made in manageable strips, and relies on tension cables to cantilever this out over the seating stands. In terms of future use, it doesn’t provide a huge amount of flexibility due to the scale of each component needed to remain structurally sound. However it is easily demountable and requires minimal foundations.
SPACE FRAME PRIMARY STRUCTURE
CLADDING SECONDARY STRUCTURE
HARD CLADDING
SEPARATE SEATING STRUCTURE
2/ SPACE FRAME WITH SECONDARY STRUCTURE
KIT OF PARTS
CLASSROOM EXTENSIONS
The space frame structure provides a modular design, with the primary structure remaining simple and stackable, and allowing a large cantilever due to the strength of the frame. The external cladding would require a secondary structure to avoid simply being a claddded box. In terms of future use, the modular construction of a space frame is somewhat limiting, providing an extremely repetitive form. However the space frame does have the benefit of being a standalone object/space in its own right, and easily stackable into different forms. The secondary structure and cladding could provide interesting and varied components for future projects.
EXTERNAL STRUCTURAL RECONFIGURATIONS
Project 3 : STADIUM RE-DESIGN
GEODESIC STRUCTURE
STEEL SUPPORTS
3/ GEODESIC FRAME
KIT OF PARTS
MARKET ROOF
KIT OF PARTS
TEMPORARY HOUSING
The geodesic frame is extremely strong structurally, providing both the primary structure and the cladding support. The modular frame allows the same shape to be repeated but with different cladding attached to it, so could provide a varied and interesting facade to the stadium. In terms of future use, the modular frame again carries the problem of overrepetative components, however, it could be argued that these could be used for many different uses such as walls, floors or roofing. The geodesic frame does provide a way of creating both large scale and small scale future projects due to the variable size of the modular components, as well as the possibility of multiple materials uses.
MEMBRANE CLADDING AND ROOF RIBBED FRAME
TENSION CROSS CABLES
SEPARATE SEATING STRUCTURE
SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
4/ RIBBED FRAME
A ribbed frame, creating structural arms to support a cladding and roof, provides structural strength often seen in boatbuilding. The arms create structure for the membrane to span between and are made up of a series of ribs, which can vary in size to create an arm which decreases at the top or widens at the base to create a cantilever. In terms of future use the arms can be broken down into a series of components of different sizes and forms, providing variability and flexibility for what they can turn into. The cladding is less flexible as it is simply in tension, however cables between the ribs and frames can also be reused with the cladding, or membrane.
EXTERNAL STRUCTURAL RECONFIGURATIONS