Lifestyle interventions can prevent or delay some cases of type 2 diabetes and thus reduce the huge economic burden of diabetes. Many of these interventions are cost-effective and/ or cost-saving, even in developing countries36-37. Nonetheless, these interventions are not yet widely used.
Figure 3.4 Number of people with impaired glucose tolerance by age group, 2015 and 2040
Impaired glucose tolerance
30,000
Impaired glucose tolerance (also known as IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (also known as IFG) occur when blood glucose levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be classified as diabetes (see Chapter 1). People with impaired glucose tolerance are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, although not all people with impaired glucose tolerance develop the disease.
20,000
Data on impaired glucose tolerance are included in this report because impaired glucose tolerance greatly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes38 and is linked with the development of cardiovascular disease39-40. In addition, some of the best evidence on the prevention of type 2 diabetes comes from studies involving people with impaired glucose tolerance.
60,000 50,000
2015 2040
40,000
10,000 0 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79
Figure 3.5 Prevalence (%) of impaired glucose tolerance (20-79 years) by age and sex, 2015 15%
Male Female
12%
9%
6%
61 3%
0 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79
Map 3.8 Age-adjusted prevalence (%) impaired glucose tolerance (20-79 years), 2015
<6 6-8 8 - 10 10 - 12 12 - 14 > 14
Chapter 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; The global picture