pg 1 Report on Etiology, epidermiology, prophylaxis of the Acute respiratory diseases 1.Upper respiratory tract disease – common cold, phariyngitis otitis media, sinusitis 2.Lower respiratory tract disease – laryngitis, trachitis, laryngottracheobronchitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia. Disease
Main symptoms
Micro organism
Common cold
Burning sensation in nose & throat, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge
Rhinovirus, parainfluenza, corona virus.
Sinusitis
Headache facial pain tenderness on palpation & percussion
Strep.pneumonia, H.influenza, adeno virus parainfluenza
Pharingitis
Sore throat
Strep. Pyogens, adeno , coxsaky
Laringitis Trachitis
Hoarsness , dry cough
parainfluenza, influenza, strep.pneumonia, Strep.pyogens, diphtheria
Laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)
common in < 3yr, hoarseness, barky cough, respiratory stridor. Fever 3840ºC
MainPara influenza Other influenza, RSV, measles, diphtheria
Epigottitis
Sour throat hoarseness/ subglottic edema Mainly < 5yr of age
H.influenza
Influenza
fever/ headache / respiratory symptoms
Influanza virus A – pandermic B Epidermic C – sporadic
Bronchitis
dry cough, wheezing, chest tightness
Influenza virus, parainifuanza virus
Bronchiolitis
common in <6months, cough, dyspnoea
RSV, para influenza, adeno, influenza virus
Penumonia
productive cough, fever, chest pain
Mainstrep. pneumonia Others mycoplasma, staphy.aureus. H.influenza, legionela
pg 2 Microorganism
Epidermiology
Transmission
Propylaxis
Rhinovirus
throughout the year, more in winter & automn all ages, more in children
droplet transmission
Influenza
Apandemic Bepidemic C sporadic Increase in winter
droplet
Para influenza
thought the year > autumn & droplet spring , ↑ in children direct contact
Nonspecific– isolation
RSV
thought the year ↑autumn & direct contact spring ↑ in children Nasocomial infection in pediatric hospital
non specific
Diphtheria
thought the year ↑ in older patient & children 13 yrs
droplets contact milk products
Vaccine DT Now then after one month then 6 month then booster 510years (monovelant / polyvelant)
Strep.pneumonia
Respiratory tract infection mainly in immuno supresion (malnutrition, alcoholism, immuno suppressant)
pneumococcal polysaccride vaccine for immune suppressive patient
Haemophilus influenza
respiratory way
haemophilus b conjugated vaccine
Amantadine Remantadine 1 tab./day 23 wks Vaccination before season
Report on Etiology, epidemiology, prophylaxis of the Acute respiratory diseases Report prepared by 1. Dr. Sajid Mahmood, MD (EU), Accident & Emergency Department, NHS Royal infirmary Liverpool United Kingdom. 2. Dr. Adnan Akram, MD (EU), Department of Infectious Diseases. University Hospital Riga Latvia. 3. Dr. Aftab Ahmed, MD (EU), Infection Control Department, Kaunas Medical University Clinic. Lithuania. Contact: publications [at] infekcijas.eu