Dental pulp seminar/ dental implant courses by Indian dental academy

infiltration anesthesia are diluted, which results in a diminution of anesthesia.

PULP IRITANTS MICROBIAL Dental caries Dental caries is a localized, progressive decay of the teeth. The disease is initiated by demineralization of the surface of tooth by organic acids such as lactic acid produced by microorganisms. The acid is produced by several different microorganisms, most notably streptococcus mutans.

Thus caries of the enamel results from contact of acids and enzymes that accumulate in plaques of microorganisms. The disintegrating substances remain in contact with the tooth surface for an extended period of time.

Carious dentin Carious dentin consists of two layers : 1. The outer layer, in which there is irreversible denaturation and infection.

2. The inner layer, in which the denaturation is reversible and there is no infection. This layer can be remineralised physiologically.

In the early stages, carious dentin has the morphologic patter typical of sound dentin. As decalcification progresses, the fibrils of the intertubular matrix are destroyed and the dentinal tubules are distended.

MICROORGANISMS IN CARIOUS DENTIN Microorganisms or their products most commonly impinge on the dental pulp during the process of dental caries formation. They are always found in caries of the enamel and the dentin and are involved in both demineralization’s.

Bacterial invasion of the dentin occurs in two waves. In the primary invasion, the dentin structure is altered by predominant lactobacilli. A mixed bacterial invasion in the secondary wave is associated with gross dentinal destruction.

EFFECTS OF DRUGS The use of “cavity –sterilizing agents” to kill microorganisms in the dentinal tubules is to be discouraged. It is difficult, if not impossible, to