Lussi et al introduced devices to cleanse the root canal without instrumentation. The 1st device reported in 1993 consisted of a ‘pump’ that inserted an irrigant (like NaOCl) creating bubbles and cavitation that loosened debris. This process was followed by negative pressure (suction) that removed debris. More recently a smaller new improved machine was introduced. Also ozone pumps like healizae have been veritified in cleansing root canal systems. Finalizing the preparation: After cleaning and shaping by any of the mind baggling variety of techniques it is necessary to finagling the preparation and manage the smear layer. Through a controversial topic, if divided to be removed, smear layer removal and final finishing is accomplished cutter with EDTA and ultrasonics, EDTA and microbrushes with NaOCl or other newly available chemicals for its management to provide a root canal now ready for obstruction.
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