Organic chemistry - list of animations

Page 1

Teacher guide

2012 list total = 250

alphabetical topics in Roger Frost’s Organic Chemistry o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

alkanes alkanes - fuels alcohols alkenes amides amines amino acids analysis and detection arenes bonding - hybridisation carbohydrates carbonyl compounds carboxylic acids DNA halogenoalkanes isomerism nitriles polymers proteins and enzymes reaction pathways

alkanes - alkenes – see also fuels alkanes - structure - homologous series hydrocarbons - introduction alkanes -cycloalkanes - structure alkanes - IUPAC nomenclature alkanes - IUPAC nomenclature - parent name alkanes - IUPAC nomenclature - longest chain alkanes - IUPAC nomenclature - numbering chains alkanes - IUPAC nomenclature - substituents alkanes - IUPAC nomenclature - exercise alkanes - reactions - combustion alkanes - reactions - chlorination of methane alkanes - free radical substitution - chlorination alkanes - free radical substitution - chlorination - summary alkanes - free radical substitution - chain reaction

alkanes - fuels

alkanes - free radical substitution – exercise

fuels - formation of oil

alkanes - free radical substitution - bromination – exercise

fuels - fractional distillation

alkenes - structure - homologous series

fuels - fractional distillation - exercise

alkenes - IUPAC nomenclature

alkanes - reactions - combustion

alkenes - IUPAC nomenclature

fuels - octane rating

alkenes - IUPAC nomenclature - exercise - cis and trans

fuels - catalytic converter

alkenes - boiling points

fuels - supply and demand

alkenes - addition of bromine

fuels - isomerisation of alkanes for fuel

alkenes - addition of bromine - mechanism

fuels - cracking alkanes for fuel

alkenes - addition of hydrogen

carbon compounds - thermal cracking of alkanes

alkenes - addition of hydrogen - fats

carbon compounds - reforming alkanes for fuel

alkenes - addition of hydrogen halide

fuels - air pollution

alkenes - addition of hydrogen halide-mechanism

fuels - acid rain

alkenes - addition of hydrogen halide - Markovnikov's rule alkenes - addition of water alkenes - addition with concentrated H2SO4 - mechanism alkenes - addition polymerisation alkenes - oxidation

Tel 01763 209 109 www.organic.rogerfrost.com chemistry@rogerfrost.com e&eo - Dec viii 2012


Teacher guide

alcohols

amines

alcohols - homologous series - structure

amines - structure

alcohols - classification I

amines - classification

alcohols - classification II

amines - compared with ammonia

alcohols - classification - exercise

amines - solubility

boiling points - intermolecular forces

amines - boiling temperature

alcohols - breaking the RO-H bond - reaction with sodium

amines - boiling points - exercise

alcohols - breaking the RO-H bond - esterification

amines - complex ions

alcohols - breaking the RO-H bond - with acyl chlorides

amines - acting as bases

alcohols - halogenation with hydrochloric acid and ZnCl2 catalyst

amines - with nitric(III) acid

alcohols - breaking the R-OH bond with PCl5

amines - form amides with acyl chlorides

alcohols - breaking the R-OH bond - with phosphorus and iodine

amines - coupling reaction

alcohols - breaking the R-OH bond - with hydrogen halide

amines - making amines - reduction of nitriles

alcohols - breaking the R-OH bond - elimination of water using heat

amines - making amines - reduction of nitro compounds

alcohols - elimination of water using concentrated acid

amines - making amines - ammonia and halogenoalkanes

alcohols - elimination of water - mechanism alcohols - oxidation - structure

analysis and detection

alcohols - oxidation to aldehyde

analysis and detection - mass spectrometry - fragments

alcohols - carboxylic acids from alcohols and aldehydes

analysis and detection - mass spectrometer

alcohols - triiodomethane reaction

analysis and detection - mass spectrometry - exercise

alcohols - triiodomethane reaction – exercise

analysis and detection - infrared spectroscopy analysis and detection - infrared spectroscopy - fingerprint region

amides

analysis and detection - infrared spectroscopy - use of nujol

amides - nomenclature

analysis and detection - infrared spectroscopy - interpreting spectra

amides - physical properties

analysis and detection - infrared spectroscopy - exercise

amides - reduction

analysis and detection - low resolution NMR

amides - hydrolysis

analysis and detection - high resolution NMR

amides - form amines with bromine

analysis and detection - NMR - exercise

amino acids amino acids – structure amino acids – optical activity amino acids – acids and bases amino acids – hydrogen bonding amino acids – form a peptide amino acids – hydrolysis of a peptide Tel 01763 209 109 www.organic.rogerfrost.com chemistry@rogerfrost.com e&eo - Dec ii 2012


Teacher guide

arenes

bonding - hybridisation

arenes - introduction - benzene

bonding in methane - hybridisation - bond angle

arenes - nomenclature - mono-substituted derivatives

bonding in methane - hybridisation - carbon electron configuration

arenes - nomenclature - more than one substituent

bonding in methane - hybridisation - exercise

arenes - physical properties - melting and boiling points

bonding in methane - hybridisation - exercise

arenes - physical properties - solubility

bonding in ethene - hybridisation - bond angle

arenes - structure of benzene

bonding in ethene - hybridisation - carbon electron configuration

arenes - structure of benzene II

bonding in benzene - hybridisation

arenes - evidence against the Kekulé structure

bonding in ethyne - hybridisation - bond angle

arenes - hybridisation - bonding in benzene

bonding in ethyne - hybridisation - carbon electron configuration

arenes - structure - exercise arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - examples

carbohydrates

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - chlorination

carbohydrates – disaccharides

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - bromination

carbohydrates – monosaccharides

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - nitration

carbohydrates – polysaccharides

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - sulfonation

carbohydrates – polysaccharides – hydrolysis

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - Friedel - Crafts alkylation

carbohydrates – reducing sugars – Fehling‟s test

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - Friedel - Crafts acylation

carbohydrates – a & ß glucose

arenes - electrophilic aromatic substitution - exercise arenes - methylbenzene compared with benzene

carbonyl compounds

arenes - methylbenzene - activating and deactivating substituents

carbonyl compounds - nomenclature

arenes - methylbenzene - directing effect of substituents

carbonyl compounds - polarity

arenes - methylbenzene - chlorination of side chain

carbonyl compounds - carbon - oxygen double bond

arenes - methylbenzene - oxidation of side chain

carbonyl compounds - susceptibility to reaction

arenes - phenol - acidity

carbonyl compounds - nucleophilic addition

arenes - phenol - reactivity - exercise

carbonyl compounds - mechanism of nucleophilic addition

arenes - phenol - reactions of - OH; sodium and sodium hydroxide

carbonyl compounds - optical isomerism - 2-hydroxypropanenitrile

arenes - phenol - reactions of - OH; esterification

carbonyl compounds - reduction

arenes - phenol - reaction of the ring - bromination

carbonyl compounds - oxidation

arenes - phenol - reaction of the ring - nitration

carbonyl compounds - triiodomethane

arenes - phenol - test using iron(III) chloride

carbonyl compounds - Tollen's reagent carbonyl compounds - Fehling's solution carbonyl compounds - condensation reaction

Tel 01763 209 109 www.organic.rogerfrost.com chemistry@rogerfrost.com e&eo - Dec iii 2012


Teacher guide

carboxylic acids

halogenoalkanes - substitution

carboxylic acids - structure

halogenoalkanes - elimination or substitution

carboxylic acids - nomenclature - exercise

halogenoalkanes - elimination - unsymmetric halogenoalkanes

carboxylic acids - dimerisation

halogenoalkanes - reaction with alkali - exercise

carboxylic acids - dissociation - weak acid

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions - polarity of C-X

carboxylic acids - dissociation - strong acid

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions - strength of C-X

carboxylic acids - form salts

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions - SN2

carboxylic acids - resonance and bonding

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions - why not SN2

carboxylic acids - resonance and bonding II

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions - SN1

carboxylic acids - strength

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions: why SN1

carboxylic acids - acidity of chloroacids - exercise

halogenoalkanes - substitution reactions - exercise

carboxylic acids - making and breaking esters

halogenoalkanes - chlorofluoroalkanes

carboxylic acids - form esters

halogenoalkanes - depletion of the ozone layer

carboxylic acids - saponification carboxylic acids - saponification - model

isomerism

carboxylic acids - form acyl chloride

isomerism - structural isomerism - introduction I

carboxylic acids - acid derivatives

isomerism - structural isomerism - introduction II

acid chlorides - structure

isomerism - structural isomerism - exercise - pentane

acyl chlorides - compared with halogenoalkanes

isomerism - structural isomerism - chain isomerism

acid chlorides - with nucleophile

isomerism - structural isomerism - position isomerism

acyl chlorides - with nucleophiles - mechanism

isomerism - structural isomerism - exercise

acid derivatives - acid anhydride

isomerism - structural isomerism - functional group isomerism isomerism - stereoisomerism - geometric isomerism - bond rotation

DNA DNA – base pairs and nucleotides DNA – nucleic acids – model DNA – nucleic acids – structure DNA – transcription to mRNA DNA – translation of mRNA to make protein

isomerism - stereoisomerism - geometric isomerism - restricted rotation isomerism - stereoisomerism - geometric isomerism isomerism - stereoisomerism - geometric isomerism - exercises isomerism - stereoisomerism - geometric isomerism - retinal isomerism - stereoisomerism - geometric isomerism - fluoroethene isomerism - stereoisomerism - optical isomerism - chiral carbon isomerism - stereoisomerism - optical isomerism - non-

halogenoalkanes

superimposable

halogenoalkanes - homologous series - structure

isomerism - stereoisomerism - optical isomerism - enantiomers

halogenoalkanes- IUPAC nomenclature

isomerism - stereoisomerism - optical isomerism - optical activity

halogenoalkanes - classification

isomerism - stereoisomerism - optical isomerism – limonene

halogenoalkanes - classification - exercise halogenoalkanes - rate of hydrolysis Tel 01763 209 109 www.organic.rogerfrost.com chemistry@rogerfrost.com e&eo - Dec iv 2012


Teacher guide

nitriles

proteins - enzymes

nitriles - structure

proteins - primary structure

nitriles - physical properties

proteins - secondary structure - interactions

nitriles - reduction

proteins - secondary structure

nitriles - hydrolysis

proteins - secondary structure - exercise

nitriles - making nitriles - exercises

proteins - structure - exercise proteins - tertiary structure

polymers

proteins - tertiary structure - hydrophobic groups

polymers - addition polymers II - examples

proteins - secondary structure - ionic or salt bridges

polymers - addition and condensation

proteins - quaternary structure - haemoglobin

polymers - addition polymers I - free radical

proteins - secondary structure - interactions

polymers - natural polymers - rubber

proteins - enzymes - secondary structure - inhibitors

polymers - polyalkenes - stereoisomers

proteins - enzymes - effect of pH

polymers - condensation polymers - polyester

proteins - enzymes - effect of temperature

polymers - condensation polymers - polyamide

proteins - enzymes - effect of concentration

polymers - making nylon - phenol polymers - bakelite - phenol

reaction pathways

polymers - proteins - wool polymers - elastomer

reactions - organic synthesis – exercise reactions - synthesis pathways – exercise

2012 list total = 250 slides

Tel 01763 209 109 www.organic.rogerfrost.com chemistry@rogerfrost.com e&eo - Dec v 2012


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