List of figures
Figure 1-1: Aerial view of homes destroyed at Kelowna. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Figure 1-2: O blique view of the home ignition zone with priority zone dimensions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 1-3: Breaking the wildfire disaster cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Figure 2-1: A erial view of the SW quadrant of Kelowna impacted by the OMPP wildfire.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Figure 2-2: A erial view of Fire #SWF-065 as it encroached on the Town of Slave Lake, AB.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 4-1: T ypical low hazard home with good adoption of FireSmart guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 4-2: T ypical high hazard home with poor adoption of FireSmart guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 4-3: N on-conforming vegetation/fuel accounted for 58% of all wildfire hazards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Figure 4-4: S tuctural features reflected good to excellent adoption of FireSmart guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Figure 4-5: F ire resistant siding and windows reduced wildfire hazard.. . . . . . . 28 Figure 4-6: F ireSmart building features potential for home ignition by embers.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 4-7: C oncentration of vegetation/fuel close to homes multiplied wildfire vulnerability.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Figure 4-8: V ertical arrangement of vegetation/fuel exacerbates potential for homes to ignite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Figure 4-9: T opography compounds other hazards and is difficult to mitigate.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Figure 4-10: Miscellaneous ignition sites contribute to the spread of fire near homes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Figure 4-11: The level of adoption for 9 out of 10 vegetation/fuel guidelines was poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Figure 4-12: D istribution of FireSmart hazard: Slave Lake – Rural. . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Figure 4-13: D istribution of FireSmart hazard: Slave Lake – Urban.. . . . . . . . . . . 42 Figure 4-14: D istribution of FireSmart hazard: Kelowna – Rural.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Figure 4-15: Distribution of FireSmart hazard: Kelowna – Urban. . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Figure 4-16: T wo-thirds of all hazard originates with the home and vegetation within 10 metres. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
viiv