17:30-19:00 | Orion Hall (5F)
Conference Poster Session 45506 | Thursday Poster Session: 17:30-19:00
Psychological Effect of the Menstrual Cycle on an Emotional Go/Nogo Task and Its Relation to Plasma Oxytocin and Prolactin Levels Sayuri Hayashi, Kyushu University, Japan Fumi Kishida, Kyushu University, Japan Shigekazu Higuchi, Kyushu University, Japan Yuki Motomura, Kyushu University, Japan
Numbers of previous studies have suggested that the menstrual cycle of healthy women with natural menstrual cycle influences facial emotion processing. We investigated the effect of the facial expression as the emotional distractor on the behavioral inhibitory processes in the follicular and luteal phases. Especially, we focused on the oxytocin and prolactin levels which are known to fluctuate in the menstrual cycle, and also known to have neuropsychological effects. Sixteen healthy women with natural menstrual cycle and no experience of pregnancy participated in the experiment once each in their follicular and luteal phase. Task performances and electroencephalogram during the emotional Go/Nogo task using angry and neutral faces of children as distractors were measured after blood sampling for hormone analysis. The results showed that the Nogo-N2 latency was delayed by the angry faces only in the luteal phase. In addition, the change rate of the Nogo-N2 latency from the follicular to luteal phases was positively correlated with the change rate of the prolactin levels. Thus, distractions by the angry faces and its processing may delay the early behavioral inhibitory processing reflected in Nogo-N2, only in the luteal phase. Moreover, such distractive effects may be related to prolactin level. With regard to oxytocin, a positive correlation between its change rate and the change rate of the task sensitivity was observed. In conclusion, it was suggested that the plasma oxytocin and prolactin levels may be differently related to the behavioral inhibitory processes with facial distractors. 50294 | Thursday Poster Session: 17:30-19:00
How People Evaluate Altruistic Liars’ Morality and Personality Keiya Taguchi, Nagoya University, Japan
This study examined the influence of motivation (selfish or altruistic) and social relationships (friend or acquaintance) on evaluations of morality and personality of people who told lies or truth. One-hundred-and-sixty-three undergraduate students participated in this study. The participants read scenarios in which a protagonist made one of the four referent statements (selfish lie, altruistic lie, selfish truth or altruistic truth), and evaluated his or her morality (justice and benevolence) and personality (Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional stability, and Openness). Results of two-way ANOVA showed that the ratings of morality and personality differed significantly based on protagonists’ motivation and social relationships. The person who told an altruistic lie was evaluated lower in justice and higher in benevolence than the person telling a selfish truth or an altruistic truth. It was also shown that the person who told an altruistic lie was evaluated lower in emotional stability and higher in extroversion than the person who told a selfish truth or an altruistic truth. Social relationships also related to evaluation of protagonists’ extroversion. The persons who told lies and truth to acquaintances were evaluated higher in extroversion than those who told lies and truth to friends. This study offers important new insights on how people evaluate altruistic liars’ morality and personality. 50321 | Thursday Poster Session: 17:30-19:00
Victimhood and Guilt: Constructing Meaning at War and Peace Memorials Zachary Beckstead, Brigham Young University-Hawaii, United States Olivia Sutton, Brigham Young University-Hawaii, United States
This presentation explores how individuals approach and construct meaning in relation to publicly significant memorials. Physical markers, such as memorials and monuments serve as a vital link for present audiences to construct meaning from events in the past. Previous battlefields, sites of tragedy, and town centers often host these markers to symbolize the past. No person’s interpretation is the same, and the construction of meaning can vary depending on the individual’s life circumstances, nationality, and who the intended audience is for the monument. Typically, a monument is creates an object to remember past events and in the case of tragedy and to help those who were affected to cope. However, little research has been conducted to look at unintended audiences, especially those portrayed as the aggressor of a tragic event. Our study examines Japanese visitors at the Pearl Harbor World War II Valor in the Pacific Monument and American visitors at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park. The sample included 7 participants at the Pearl Harbor memorial and 10 participants at the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park. This study drew on walk-along method protocols (Jones, 2008; Evans, 2011) and microgenetic analysis (Wagoner, 2008; Beckstead, 2012) to examine how individuals experience the messages and meanings (re)presented at these memorials. Findings suggest strong affective meanings with concepts of responsibility, sorrow, and the road to peace for Japanese students at Pearl Harbor. For American students, they were initially divided on the concept of responsibility, but ultimately came to the consensus of peace.
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