Master's Degree Thesis Project_Youth Center and Housings in Oulu

YOUTH CENTER AND HOUSING IN OULU

HÜSEYİN TAHİR OYANIK DIPLOMA THESIS OULU SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE UNIVERSITY OF OULU

MASTER’S DIPLOMA THESIS A Mixed-use building in Oulu,Finland YOUTH CENTER AND HOUSING

PAGES: 110

AUTHOR: Hüseyin Tahir OYANIK

SUPERVISOR: Professor Rainer Mahlamäki

UNIVERSITY OF OULU OULU SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE MAY 2019

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OULU’S NEW YOUTH CENTER

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ABSTRACT

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This

design project for the master’s degree thesis is about a mixed-use building. The project is combining the youth center with housing function in Myllytulli area in Oulu, Finland. The neighborhood project is a housing district but also accommodates several cultural and educational buildings as well as a park. That makes the area a good place to design a project for youths to benefit.

Despite the fact that Oulu is a young city, there isn’t any proper public youth center. This project will create spaces that are open, semi-open, private or flexible for them to enjoy and practice their hobbies also experience cultural or educational events.

The design of the thesis aims to be seen from outside as three different layers. First of all a see-through ground floor with glass curtain walls through the inner courtyard. So people who coming by, passing by can see through the building what’s happening inside and outside through the glasses. Secondly, the upper floor of the youth center level to make it semitransparent with a skin facade with openings which are letting light inside but not showing everything happening in that floor. Thirdly, the housing levels, with vertical wood facade elements, creating constantly moving shadows on the facade during the day.

One of the purposes of this project was creating a place where youth doesn’t necessarily need to do activities but also relax or get together with their friends. The youth center program has approx. 3528 m2 area spread into two levels with an atrium in the middle. The atrium allows the youth to spend time there without getting involved in other programs.

On the housing levels, there are 5 different apartment types from studio to 3 bedrooms apartments which are giving some diversity to the users of the housing levels. Housing levels as 4 towers in different heights will create more contemporary design.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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ABSTRACT

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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INTRODUCTION

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A.OULU -65°N OULU -Oulu for Youths

11 13

B.SUBJECT -Center for Youths -Housings in Multi-Functional Buildings -Case studies

17 19 21

C.PROJECT AREA -Myllytuli -Area Analysis -the Plot

31 33 35

39 47

D.CONCEPT -WHAT is the program?

-HOW the concept appeared?

55 57 61 71 -77 83 89 93

E.PROJECT -Site Plan -Floor plans of Youth Center levels -Floor plans of Housing levels -Housing units_Typologies -Floor plans of Underground levels -Sections and axonometric section -Elevations -Views

107 F.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

109 G.REFERENCES

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INTRODUCTION

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Young people are the future of the world and during

my stay in Oulu, I have realized that there isn’t any proper place for youth to spend time, entertain themselves, explore and enjoy their hobbies, nor improve their skills. They are mostly spending their off-school hours around the shopping areas like Valkea or some other places which are not cultural places. That gave me the idea of creating an environment for youths in Oulu for my Master’s thesis graduation project.

Long after I started my thesis, during January 2019, I’ve read on the news of IS.fi that the City of Oulu was also thinking the same and trying to fund for a building to youth because they are not happy about youths spending time in Valkea Shopping Mall. That news encouraged me more and I realized that I’ve chosen the correct topic for Oulu’s needs.

I just didn’t want to make a project about a youth center for a graduation project and wanted to challenge myself with a multi-functional project.

Since Oulu is growing the population every year, there is a high demand for housings. Additional to the youth center, housing is getting integrated into the project.

With these different purposes in one design will make the project more lively and keep living 7/24 rather than only business hours like in every public building.

With this project, youth people from any age will have areas where they can do different kinds of activities.

And they can explore and improve their hobbies and interests.

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A. CITY

1. 65°N OULU 2. OULU FOR YOUTHS

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65°N OULU

• ROVANIEMI

• OULU

• JYVÄSKYLÄ • TAMPERE • TURKU • HELSINKI

(1) Location of Oulu in Northern Europe

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Oulu, the Capital of Northern Scandinavia, furthermore it’s northern Finland’s largest and oldest city.

Charles IX, the King of Sweden founded Oulu in 1605 in front of the Oulu Castle -which has built or founded in 1590- and Oulu is located in the northern-east part of the Gulf of Bothnia at the of river Oulujoki.

Sadly that Oulu had been suffered from fire in its history. Shortly after Oulu was founded, there had been a big fire in Oulu in 1652 which destroyed almost all the houses in the town also the town hall but rebuilt in 1954. The major fire destruction had happened in 1822, the Great Oulu fire had destroyed almost the whole wooden town of Oulu and only a few remained until this day.[1] After the fire, Neoclassist architect Carl Ludvig Engel released a plan to rebuilt the city.

The Oulu Cathedral has rebuilt with his design in 1832. The latest big fire was happened in 1916 in the centrum and destroyed a block area. They haven’t rebuilt the block since then and nowadays that area is a park for the centrum and called Mannerheim Park.

First on 1 January 2009, YliKiiminki joined the city of Oulu. And then in January 1st, 2013; 5 cities merged together to finalize the borders of new Oulu. Those cities were, Haikupudas, Kiiminki, Oulu, Oulunsalo, Yli-Ii which now a region in Oulu.[2]

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1- YLI-II 2- HAUKIPUDAS 3- KIIMINKI 4- OULU 5- OULUNSALO

2 3

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(3) The Cities which merged to create New Oulu

From the latest population statistics in 2018 November [3], the population of the City of Oulu is 201,810 from 2018. The 5th most populated city in Finland.

Oulu is a student city and home to around 25,000 students in two major universities of Finland; University of Oulu and Oulu University of Applied Sciences.

Average age of Oulu is 37.9 and around one-third of the population of Oulu are under 25 years age which makes Oulu one of the youngest cities in Europe. [2] (2) Oulu in 1800

1| https://www.ouka.fi/oulu/english/1801-1869 2| https://www.ouka.fi/documents/50085/0/Information+about+Oulu+2016.pdf/012cbaab-fc02-4028-b3bb-87e8111fb3fd 3| http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/Kuntien_avainluvut/ Kuntien_avainluvut__2018/kuntien_avainluvut_2018_viimeisin.px/ table/tableViewLayout2/?rxid=95fd24e3-16c7-4b5e-bcdc-a246a4fcc980

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OULU FOR YOUTHS

Earlier in the previous page, I have mentioned that around one-third of Oulu’s population is less than 25 years old. That makes Oulu a great place for youths with some museums, schools and green areas except a proper youth center.

Oulu is a lack of a place for youths, of course, there are some but they are small places or rather private places with small programmes. Most of the underages are spending their time in shopping malls, for example, Valkea Shopping Mall [1].

Valkea is functioned for shopping purposes as it’s understandable from the name. However, there is an atrium in between the two buildings where used to be an open street. But that’s an urban space to meet or spent little time while shopping, not a place for youth to spend time. Youth are using that space as a hangout space in their free time, therefore, they need better spaces to spend their free time.

1| https://www.is.fi/oulun-seutu/art-2000005992933.html

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3,5 KM RADIUS

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2,5 KM RADIUS

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14 2

1

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500 M RADIUS

1 KM RADIUS

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8 5

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6 (4)Centrum of Oulu, important buildings and places for youth Center of the Radius: Project plot

PARKS & BEACHES CULTURAL PLACES 1 - Pohjois-Pohjanmaan museo

6 - Oulun Musiikkikeskus 7 - Kultuurivoimala

SPORTS & TRAINING CENTERS SPORT FACILITIES 13 - Oulun Energy Area

2 - Oulun Taidemuseo

19 - Oulun Kaupinginkirjasto

14 - Raatin Stadium

3 - Tiedekeskus Tietomaa

20 - Oulun Teatteri

(Oulu City Theater)

4 - Kultturitalo Valve

8 - Finnkino Plaza

25 - Meri-Toppila DiscGolfPark 26 - Nallikarin Mini Golf

(Movie Theater)

5 - Villa Victor Cultural Center

9 - Elokuvateatteri Star

27 - Oulun Keilahalli

(Northern Ostrobothnia Museum) (Oulu Museum of Art )

(Tietomaa Science Center) (Valve Cultural Center)

(Oulu Music Center)

(Community Art Center) (Oulu Public Library)

(Star Movie Theater)

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(Ice-Hockey Stadium)

(Raatti Football Stadium)

(Nallikari Mini Golf Area) (Oulu Bowling Hall)

10 - Oulun Kaupungintalo (Oulu City Hall) 11 - Oulun Tuomiokirkko (Oulu Cathedral) 22 - Oulun Yliopistollinen Sairaala (Oulu University Hospital) 21 - Oulu Kauppatori Oulu Market Place 12 - Kauppakeskus Valkea (Valkea Shopping Center) MAJOR DRIVING ROADS

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B.SUBJECT

1. YOUTH CENTER 2. HOUSINGS IN MIXED-USE BUILDINGS 3. CASE STUDIES

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YOUTH CENTERS

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The human being between ages 15-24 is considered

as a youth. And youth is the most valuable population group. Often youth don’t know what to do in their lives or need to be directed in the way for their own interest. For those first parents, schools and their teachers but also a youth center with all the necessary facilities could help for that too. Not only for showing a direction to them but also they need places for their hobbies that they can do.

A youth center is a place for youths to have their own time, relaxation, practice, entertain or learn things alone or together.

A youth center should stand-out in the city to attract youths for them to spend time in there. Otherwise, if it’s not attractive enough from outside or if it’s not welcoming them to inside the building or outdoors of it, then they probably won’t be spending time in there.

A youth center’s programs vary in every project depending on the size and needs of the programs but listed below are some of the programs most of the youth centers have.

-Auditoriums to watch performances or even perform on the stage.

-Exhibition areas for youths to experience art pieces.

-Workshops like art, music, dance or theatre studios for youth to exercise and improve their skills.

-Educational areas such as a seminar room for lectures or study rooms for individual or group study sessions.

-Entertainment areas like a lounge, coffee area, open public spaces.

-Sports areas like indoor or outdoor activities.

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HOUSINGS

IN MIXED-USE BUILDINGS

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The definition for a mixed-use building is combining

more three or more uses into one structure. Main uses which are mostly commercial/public uses combined with residential uses lately in the 20th century.

[1]

Residential architecture is maybe the most used building type amongst all kinds. It gets rather difficult to design one when it’s combined with another public use. There are some challenges but also some benefits are coming along during and after the designing processes.

Having a public function in a mixed-use building with residential use will attract more social and cultural activities for those who are living in the building also from anyone else who doesn’t live in the building.

That will also create an even more pedestrian friendly area because of the public use and potential outdoor spaces.

Circulation (the path to each apartment) and access to the residential part of the building have to be somehow secluded from the public access so the residential use will still stay privately.

Diversity of the apartment types: Creating different types of apartments are usually challenging in a mixed-use building but when it’s done, that also brings a different kind of peoples to the different apartment types rather than bringing the same kind of users to the all apartments.

The volume of the building: It is crucial that the facade and shape of the building create a contemporary residential building.

Outdoor spaces of the residential part, -not the public space- the private outdoor spaces; those can be balconies, loggias (borrowed from Italian, a covered architectural element that is open on at least one side, loggia does not project beyond the building facade)[2], roof terraces and so on. Loggias are often used in contemporary residential buildings the fact that they don’t sink beyond the mass of the building and creates a contemporary effect, looks like a giant open window on the facade.

Also, there are structural and technical challenges that might occur in a mixed-use building when those functions are completely different from each other.

Other difficulties could be the parking, so residents of the building have their own spaces and not occupied by the visitors of the public part of the building.

1| http://www.urban-hub.com/buildings/mixed-use-buildings-for-diversified-sustainable-sites/ 2| Typology+; publisher Birkhauser; page 246 paragraph 3

(5) VM building, Cxopenhagen

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CASE STUDIES

with similar functions

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-The Euralille Youth Centre JDS Architects

-JĂŚgersborg Water Tower Dorte Mandrup Arkitekter Aps

-Gehua Youth and Cultural Center Open Architecture

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Up: (6) Street View photo Down: (7) Floor Plans

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The Euralille Youth Centre Architects: JDS Architects

YOUTH HOSTEL

Location: Lille, France Date: Competition 2011, Built 2016 OFFICES

This competition winner project (which is also built) is a mixed-use building that includes a youth hostel, offices and a kindergarten. The project site is a triangular plot. Therefore those 3 different programs are located in each corner to have their own spaces.

DAYCARE & KINDERGARDEN

It’s a good example because of how different functions are located and connections to each other.

Placing them in separate corners gives them their own privacy and isolates each function. Yet they are still connected because of the mutual inner courtyard and balconies faced to the inner courtyard.

On this triangular plot, instead of having the building mass till the sharp corners, they have deleted the sharp ends and lifted the building from the ground so every corner creates different public spaces (see.Euralille Youth Center_diagram). Lifting the mass up from the corners creates a canopy kinda roof for the entrances.

Up: (8) Function Diagram Down: (9) Render from sky

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2ND Floor Plan (Youth Center)

7th Floor Plan (Housing)

COMPUTER’S ROOM

WORKROOM

KITCHEN AND “BAR” WORKROOM FACILITIES

Up: (10) Street View photo Down: (11) Floor Plans

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JĂŚgersborg Water Tower

Architects: Dorte Mandrup Arkitekter Aps Location: Copenhagen, Denmark Date: Competition 2004, Transformated 2006

This competition winner project about converting a landmark to a mixed-use building is a good example of the program I have, despite the scale and square meters are a lot smaller in this project.

Dorte Mandrup Architects have made the first couple floors a public place for the use of youths and upper floors for private rooms for students. On the ground floor, they have used large garage-style doors.

When those doors are open, it creates a much bigger space together with indoor and outdoor areas.

They have placed the student rooms in between the existing large columns and this way they managed to maintain the building as a landmark by keeping the existing large columns visible from the outside.

WATER TANK

APARTMENTS

AFTER-SCHOOL RECREATION CENTER

SCALE OF THE ELEMENT

SCALE OF THE INDIVIDUAL

SCALE OF THE COMMUNITY

Right: (12) Function Diagram

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Ground Floor Plan

Up: (13) View of the courtyard Down: (14) Floor Plans

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Underground Floor Plan

Gehua Youth and Cultural Center Architects: Open Architecture Location: Qinhuangdao, China Date: Built 2012

This project is important and a milestone on the youth center projects because of the features of the stage.

Even though the auditorium part is relatively small, it is a unique project. The double-layered folding doors behind the stage can be opened to the central courtyard and expand the stage or gets more amount of viewer on the courtyard area for bigger performances.

When the doors are closed, it becomes an inner green courtyard to the youth center’s visitors for cultural activities or for children’s wellbeing during the year.

That space can be used as an open-air cinema during the warm summer nights (see Diagram on the right for the use of the central courtyard).

The whole building has all the necessary functions a youth center needs. ( such as a gallery, theater, studios, VIP rooms, activity spaces, DIY space, multi-media hall, cafe, book bar and more, as well as good connections with the outdoor areas of the building.)

CONVENTIONAL

OPEN-AIR CINEMA

EXTENDED STAGE

NOUVEAU PERFORMANCE

AMPHITHEATRE

Right: (15) Diagram of the Stage

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B. AREA

1. PROJECT AREA MYYLYTULI 2. AREA ANALYSIS 3. THE PLOT

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PROJECT AREA

T

MYLLYTULLI

he location of the plot for this project is in Myllytulli. Myllytulli is a former industrial area in the centrum of the Oulu. But not in the middle of the center, it’s around the edge of it.

Myllytulli is a kid-friendly area and that why this area is chosen since it’s a suitable area for youths of any age. Most of the neighborhood is occupied by the public park called “Hupisaarten kaupunginpuisto” (where mostly known with one part of it called “Ainolan puisto”) which is shaped from 5 islands connected with traditional white wooden bridges. Besides the public park, Myllytulli has several schools in the area, places to do sport, several museums like an art museum, a science museum. Alongside the public park, the neighborhood has even more green spaces around. (see on Site Analysis 2 & 3, page xx).

The area has a good location because it’s easily reachable by bus (see on Site Analysis 4, page xx). Since Oulu is a bike-friendly city which makes it easy to reach the area by bike as well as with a car because there is a closed car-park closeby and open parking spots around the street (see on Site Analysis 5, page xx). Being in the centrum makes it easily reachable within walking distance from the centrum and close neighborhoods.

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TUIRA

LAANILA

KOSKIKESKUS

1 KM RADIUS

MYLLYTULLI

INTIÖ 500 M RADIUS

KESKUSTA-I

KESKUSTA-II

RAKSILA (16) Project Neighboorhood and areas around Center of the Radius: Project plot

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AREA ANALYSIS

1 KM RADIUS

500 M RADIUS

(17) Site Analysis 1_Granularity Map

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x

x

x

x x

x

x

x

x

x

(18) Site Analysis 2_Green Areas

(19) Site Analysis 3_Functions

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(20) Site Analysis 4_Public Transport and Bus Stops (x)

(21) Site Analysis 5_Car Parking

& Main Biking Roads --------

Entertainment & Cultural Buildings Schools Hotels, Restaurants, Shopping Buildings Religious Buildings Other Buildings (Offices, Government buildings etc.)

Residential Buildings

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THE

PLOT

(22) a view from Myllytulinkatu to the plot; taken during Jan2019

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The chosen plot location is Uusikatu 1 at the northwest corner of Uusikatu and Valjastehtaakatu. On the side of Myllytullinkatu, other half of the plot is for an outdoor area called Sara Wacklinin puisto (“Sara Wacklin Park” in English).

In front of the plot on the other side of Valjastehtaakatu, Oulu International School is located as well as few more schools in the area. (see. Site Analysis 3 -buildings with red color- page xx) The buildable land is approximately 4250 m2 and the outdoor area around 4600 m2.

At the moment the plot is home for two abandoned buildings. They used to be a girl’s school and a two-story housing building on the north-west corner.

During the winter season, the outdoor area is for ice-skating and ice-hockey field for public and maintained by the City Of Oulu. During the summer season, it’s rather not so good taken care and muddy or just soil area.

Nowadays the City Of Oulu is planning to destroy those buildings in the chosen plot and planning to build new residential blocks in that plot with the plot next to it. [1]

1|https://www.oukapalvelut.fi/tekninen/Suunnitelmat/Projektikortti.asp?ID=950

(23) Project Site

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C.CONCEPT

1. WHAT IS THE PROGRAM? 2. HOW THE CONCEPT APPEARED?

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WHAT is the PROGRAM?

A mixed-use project mostly focusing on youths wellbeing but also includes other programs listed under.

-> Y o u t h C e n t e r -> R e s i d e n t i a l -> Te c h ni c a l A r e a s -> O u t d o o r A r e a

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Through the youth center project studies I have been doing and couple youth center competitions, I come up with 5 main functions for the youth center needs the most.

1-Performing & Showroom Areas 2-Workshop & Educational Areas 3-Entertainment Areas 4-Office & Administration Areas 5-Eating and Drinking Areas Additional to these five main functions also Technical/Service Areas for the youth center, as well as some public lavatory areas.

Instead of an indoor sports hall, in the project site, there has been a ground area that has been using for ice-hockey or ice-skating for a long time already. Keeping that area as in that function but organizing it with audience seatings and creating a better public space look.

For the housing function, there are 5 different apartment types from studio apartments to 3 Bedroom apartments as well as necessary residential facilities like common laundry areas, common sauna, their own storages and parking spots for both cars and bikes underground.

The detailed program is influenced by two competition projects; “Youth Arts Education Center in the Northeast Region The Gangbuk-gu Comprehensive Sports Center” from December 2017 in Korea and other one in Izmir, Turkey called “Culture & Youth Center in Selçuk Region” from August 2016.

The Korean competition and many of the youth center projects have an indoor gym or sports hall, but in this project, there isn’t any. Because of Oulu International School’s Sports Hall is just right next door and also in the Finnish education system, they value the importance of physical education so youths have enough time of sports at school time.

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THEATRE STUDIO

CHANGING AREAS

DANCE STUDIO

TEACHER'S ROOM

TEACHER'S ROOM

MUSIC STUDIO

ART STUDIO

Public Circulation

ATRIUM [OPEN AREA]

ENTRANCE

STORAGES

INFO AREA

TECHNICAL

INNER GARDEN

(WATER AREAS)

TECHNICAL

(ELECTRICAL AREAS)

TECHNICAL

(HVAC AREAS)

N o n P u b l i c

Circulation

HOUSING ENTRANCE

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STUDIO x15

1 BEDROOM x12

2 BEDROOM x12

3 BEDR

[FAM x

S

MEETING/ STUDY AREAS

3 ROOM

MILY] x9

SEMINAR AREA

BILLARD & BOARDGAMING AREA

READING & RESTING AREA

MOVIE HALL AREAS

ADMINISTRATION AREAS

LOUNGE STAIRS

EXHIBITION AREA

PUBLIC TOILETS

AUDITORIUM AREAS

Public Circulation

3 BEDROOM [STUDENT] x9

APARTMENT FACILITIES

CAFE

RESTAURANT

[SAUNA] [LAUNDRY] [STORAGES]

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DETAILED PROGRAM

A.Entrance

45 m2 Entrance

2 main entrances plus 2 emergency doors to enter the youth center as vestibule area

411 m2 Public Atrium

a double floored atrium with an inner terrace (99 m2) which can be opened during summer

155 m2 Public Space as Stairs

giant stairs with seatings integrated for individual hanging outs or lecture or any public events

14 m2 Reception/Information Area

an area ,where visitors can get information for events, workshops etc, within the public atrium Archives for reception area

6 m2 49 m2 Public Toilets

close to the auditorium for the audiences and also for the everyone in the youth center

B.Showroom Areas

128 m2 Exhibition Area

an open art/cultural space where exhibitions and experience projects will be displayed Storage for exhibition area

14 m2 230 m2 Auditorium

195 m2 Foyer for Auditorium 6 m2

Backstage Areas 10+10 m2 Changing Rooms

2 seperate rooms for woman and man artists to get prepared for thier performances

11 m2 Make-up Room

a room for artist to have their make-up done and get the last preperations for their performances

18 m2 Toilet & Shower Area toilet and shower combination for the artists

34 m2 Lounge Area

a relaxing and hanging area for the artists use

C.Education & Workshop Areas 34+39 m2 Meeting/Study Areas

different sizes 2 rooms to have meetings or to have group studies

99 m2 Seminar Area

performance area with seats for xxx people

4 m2 Projection Area for auditorium 15 m2

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area for control room and cameras Storage for auditorium

various table organizations or without, straight accesable from outside for service Storage for foyer

15 m2

flexible area can be used as 1 big seminar space or 2 seperate seminar rooms for events or education for youth as well Storages for seminar room

101 m2 Theater Studio

area with chairs setup for theater workshop or practices, can be expanded to indoor atrium or to outdoors

101 m2 Dance Studio

66 m2

area to practice or learn how to dance includes couple steps built in for seatings, can be expanded to indoor atrium or to outdoors Changing Room for dance & theater studios with an seperate clean corridor to dance and theater studios after changing clothes

D.Entertainment Areas

116 m2 Foyer for Movie Hall

Area with variation of tables, couches and also ticket sales area with cafeteria

115 m2 Movie Hall Area with a movie screen with seats for xx people

10 m2 Projection Room for the movie hall 16 m2 Storage for the movie hall 161 m2 Entertainment Area

99 m2 Art Studio

flexible area that can be made 2 areas with a partition wall for different art related workshops

66 m2 Music Studio

performance area either for workshops or individual artist/band use entrance through control room which will make it insulated area from outter sounds

19 m2

a multifunctional area to hang out, and play board games on various sized tables and billard&table tennis tables Storage for entertainment area

86 m2 Reading & Resting Area

sort of a silent room for relaxing and reading books from the library of the area

33 m2 Sound Check Area

to record or monitor the performances in the music studio with neccesary equipments

19+19 m2 Teachers Rooms for Art & Dance Studios office space for teachers to get prepared for the workshops

A-D.TOTAL: 2569 m2

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E.Eating and Drinking Area 130 m2 Restaurant

entrances both straight from outside or from inside the youth center for approx. 80 people

53 m2 Restaurant’s Terrace summer/spring terrace for apprx. 32 people

45 m2 Kitchen

area has cold room, service elevator, food preperation area with a non-public service entrance

10 m2 Staff Area

restaurant’s staffs changing area, also accesable from non-public service entrance

22 m

2

74 m

2

Toilets & Cloak-Room Coffee Shop

area with an open barista desk, for around xx people with long couch and table seating layout

E.TOTAL: 334 m2

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F.Administration Units 44 m2 Reception

lobby and secretary area for the administrative spaces

12 m2 Archives 16 m2 Manager Office an office room for the manager of the building

33 m2 Open Office

open area combination of office desks and a staff kitchen to relax for managing staff

17 m2 Meeting Room

a room for only the administrative workers to have discussions or meetings at any time

8 m2 Changing Room & Shower Area 4 m2 Toilet

F.TOTAL: 134 m2

G.Apartments Area (57 units = approx. 140 people) 39 m2 A studio apartment (15 units) most suitable for one person

64 m2 1 Bedroom apartment (12 units)

most suitable for couple or family with no child

86 m2 2 Bedroom apartment (12 units)

most suitable for family with 1 children

109 m2 3 Bedroom apartment (9 units)

most suitable for family with 2 or more children, one big bedroom, two smaller bedrooms

H.Technical Services 33 m2 69 m2 76 m2 105 m2 111 m2 33 m2

1310 m2 Parking

64 car and approx. 120 bike parking area for the residence of the apartments underground

108 m2 3 Bedroom apartment (9 units)

most suitable for 3 students or youngsters three same sized bedrooms

183 m2 Housing Facilities

3 common sauna areas with showers&changing rooms for the apartment users

790 m2 Storage Rooms for apartments

64 number of 6 m2 and several extra bigger storage rooms rentable from the apartment users

Generator Room Electrical Room Control Room Water Supply Area HVAC Room (heating, ventilation, airconditioning) Technical Supervisor’s Office

491 m2 Circulation of the Youth Center Levels not included public atrium and entrances

1542 m

2

Circulation of the Residentials Levels around %36 of usable housing area

1823 m2 Circulation of the Underground Levels both cars and people circulation

Youth Center= 3037+491= 3528 m2 Housing= 4251+1542=6063 m2 Underground= 4350 m2

G.TOTAL: 5311 m2

TOTAL: 13941 m

2

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HOW the concept appeared?

1|

Lower levels are for youth center’s program.

Performing & Showroom, Workshop & Educational, Entertainment, Administration, Eating and Drinking Areas

the program to two levels is creating a better 2| Spreading connection and circulation through the building.

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an atrium is giving a spacious entrance and open 3| Creating public space in the middle of the building.

wintertime, the inner garden is bringing freshness to 4| During the lobby and fresh air during summertime when it’s open.

gaps for entrance to the courtyard from outside is 5| Creating bringing more light. And

6|

Adding towers on top of the youth center for residential use.

Instead of having all towers the same height, some towers are higher, some are lower to have different levels

7|

8|

Preserving the ice-hockey ring but improving with outdoor tribune as an artificial green hill which is also covering the underground car parking entrance.

Three different levels on the building’s facade.

Glass for the see-through ground floor, semitransparent upper floor with a skin facade with openings and vertical wood sticks for the housing levels to create more privacy.

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Youth Center is designed for youths benefits and

improvements for their lives. The ground floor is a transparent facade that is able to be seen from a far distance to inside and outside through building.

Creating gaps for entrances to the lobby is breaking the rectangular huge mass and gives more movements on the facades. By that building looks like designed through several buildings but all the programs are connected by a lobby. Lobby area as an atrium will allow more daylight to enter the building and even fresh air with the inner courtyard which can be openable during the warm seasons. The giant stairs -as a public hanging out space or open lecture area- follows the atrium and connects it with the second level of the youth center where the rest of the youth center program can be found on that level.

The programs on the ground floor are located that it allows those areas can be openable to the outside of the building during summer and creates semi-open space. For example, Dance and Theatre Studio’s glass facade can be openable during warm days that they can practice outside. As well as the foyer of Auditorium can be opened on the one facade that they can expand the area to outside.

Workshop areas like art, dance, theatre, music are located by the facade faced to the outdoor rink that allows them to interact with the outside. Administration and educational areas are located on the deadend street that gives them privacy and silent times.

49

The second level of the youth center is planned to be rather more private from outside. To succeed that perforated concrete panels have been used on the facade.

This custom made perforated panels provide secondary skin in front of a glass curtain walls, and protect the areas from the direct sunlight. Concrete material has been chosen instead of a metal mesh or metal alternative skins that there will be less glare comparing to metal materials.

Custom made concrete Perforated Panel 1

Housing levels are located on top of the youth center that their heights vary to give the building to break the monotony, as well as the locations of the windows, vary in every level even though layouts of the apartments are the same vertically.

On the housing levels facade, vertical slatted timber has been used. Using vertical elements will create constantly changing shadows behind the facade because of the sun never stops moving.

Corridor of the housing levels are also transparent that allows daylight as well as a view to the atrium of the youth center. And to keep the privacy of the corridors, the same facade element has been used on these facades too.

1 | https://www.archdaily.com/catalog/us/products/12531/perforated-panels-ductal

circulation of the youth center circulation of the housing

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The outdoor area is arranged by the use it used to be before. It was an ice-hockey rink and kept it like that way with improvements. An artificial hill with seatings as an outdoor tribune for the rink in the middle. During the winter season, it will be used as an ice-hockey and ice-skating area, and during summer roller skating rink and outdoor performance area.

To access the underground, there is a ramp located under the outdoor tribune. Underground levels are for the car/bike park and storage of the housing units.

Also, technical areas for the whole building are located on the underground levels. To have an efficient way of parking and circulation car park circulation is made through ramps until the very end.

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52

53

PROJECT

1. SITE PLAN 2. FLOOR PLANS OF YOUTH CENTER LEVELS 3. FLOOR PLANS OF HOUSING LEVELS 4. HOUSING UNITS_TYPOLOGIES 5. FLOOR PLANS OF UNDERGROUND LEVELS 6. SECTIONS AND AXONOMETRIC SECTION 7. ELEVATIONS 8. VIEWS

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SITE PLAN 20 MT

NORTH

SITE PLAN

SCALE 1/1000

VII

V

55

1:100

NORT

VI

II VI

VIII

56

20 MT

NORTH

GROUND FLOOR WITH SURROUNDINGS

SCALE 1/500

MAIN ENTRANCE

8

RESTAURANT ENTR. SERVICE ENTRANCE EMERGENCY EXITS RESIDENTIAL ENTR. UNDERGROUND PARKING ENTRANCE

4

1-OUTDOOR ARTIFICIAL HILL WITH SEATINGS 2-ICEHOCKEY RING/ SUMMER SKATING AREA 3-BIKE PARKING 4-RESTAURANTS TERRACE 5-TERRACE OF DANCE STUDIO

1

(OPENABLE GLASS WALL DURING SUMMER)

6-TERRACE OF THEATRE STUDIO (OPENABLE GLASS WALL DURING SUMMER)

7-TERRACE OF AUDITORIUM

(OPENABLE GLASS WALL DURING SUMMER)

8-INNER GARDEN 9-PUBLIC SPACE AS STAIRS

57

3

5

1:500

-0,900

-0,900

-0,900

9

6

7

2

58

youth center_GROUND FLOOR +0.00 mt uusikatu

YOUTH CENTER GROUND FLOOR +0,00 mt (h:5.50 mt)

SCALE 1/200

4 MAIN ENTRANCE RESTAURANT ENTR. SERVICE ENTRANCE EMERGENCY EXITS RESIDENTIAL ENTR.

1-INFO AREA 2-OPENABLE INNER GARDEN 3-PUBLIC SPACE AS STAIRS WITH SEATINGS 4-EXHIBITION SPACE 5-COFFEE SHOP 6-RESTIN AREA AUDITORIUM 7-STAGE 8-SEATING AREA 9-FOYER

18

5

18 1

12

18 15

17 17

2

18 16

14

10-THEATER STUDIO 11-DANCE STUDIO 12-CHANGING ROOMS RESTAURANT 13-DINING AREA 14-BAR 15-KITCHEN

13

11

16-CLOAKROOM 17-TOILET 18-STORAGE

B 59

0

2,5

10

(h:5.50 (h:5.50 (h:5.50 mt) mt)5 mt) 1

6 mt) (h:5.50

20 MT

18

1:200

7 -0,900 -0,900

1:200 1:200 1:20 NORTH

-0,900

17 -0,900

17 8 3

16

17

1

12

12

9

10

A

AA CC A

C 60 NORTH NORTH

NORT

youth center_SECOND FLOOR +5.50 mt

YOUTH CENTER

19

FIRST FLOOR

+5,50 mt (h:4.00 mt)

SCALE 1/200

10

2 1

6 3

1-OPEN OFFICE 2-MANAGERS OFFICE 3-MEETING ROOM 4-RECEPTION 5-ARCHIVES

19

4

6

5

18

6-STUDY AREA 7-SEMINAR AREA BACKSTAGE 8-PREP ROOM 9-LOUNGE AREA 10-CHANGING ROOMS 11-FOYER OF MOVIE HALL 12-MOVIE HALL 13-MUSIC STUDIO 14-SOUNDCHECK AREA 15-TUTORS ROOM 16-ART STUDIO 17-ENTERTAINMENT 18-STORAGE 19-TOILETS

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17

16

16

(h:4.00 mt)

7

1:200

7

8

18

10

8

8

9

10

11

12

19

19

15

15

14

13

18

0

2,5 1

0

10 5

2,5 1

20 MT

NORTH

62

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

residentials_SECOND, THIRD & FOURTH FLOOR +9,50 mt

RESIDENTIALS

SECOND, THIRD & FOURTH FLOOR +9,50 mt (h:3.30 mt)

W

W

W

W

SCALE 1/200

W

W

63

1:200

W

W

(h:3.30 mt)

W

W

W

W

W

0

2,5 1

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

64 0

2,5

10

residentials_FIFTH FLOOR +19,40 mt

RESIDENTIALS FIFTH FLOOR

+19,40 mt (h:3.30 mt)

W

SCALE 1/200

1-COMMON SAUNA 2-SHOWER AREA 3-CHANGING ROOM 4-BALCONY 5-TOILET 6-LAUNDRY ROOM 7-DRYING ROOM

W

W

W

W

7 6

D

5 4

5 3 2 1

65

W

1:200

W

W

(h:3.30 mt)

W

W

W

W

W

0

2,5 1

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

66 0

2,5

10

residentials_SIXTH FLOOR +22,70 mt

RESIDENTIALS SIXTH FLOOR

+22,70 mt (h:3.30 mt)

W

SCALE 1/200

W

W

1-COMMON SAUNA 2-SHOWER AREA 3-CHANGING ROOM 4-BALCONY 5-TOILET 6-LAUNDRY ROOM 7-DRYING ROOM

W

67

(h:3.30 mt)

1:200

4

W

W

D

6

5

5

3

2

1

W

7

W

W

W

W

0

2,5 1

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

68 0

2,5

10

residentials_SEVENTH FLOOR +26,00 mt

RESIDENTIALS

SEVENTH FLOOR +26,00 mt (h:3.30 mt)

SCALE 1/200

1-COMMON SAUNA 2-SHOWER AREA 3-CHANGING ROOM 4-BALCONY 5-TOILET 6-LAUNDRY ROOM 7-DRYING ROOM

7 D

69

5

6 W

W

5

1:200

W

(h:3.30 mt)

3

2

1

2

3

5 W

4

4

0

2,5 1

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

70 0

2,5

10

B- ONE BEDROOM APARTMENT C- TWO BEDROOM APARTMENT D- THREE BEDROOM APARTMENT

APARTMENT TYPES CLOSE UP 1:100

APARTMENT TYPES

C

E- THREE -ALL SAME SIZEBEDROOM APARTMENT

A- STUDIO APARTMENT

B- ONE BEDROOM APARTMENT

C- TWO BEDROOM APARTMENT

D- THREE BEDROOM APARTMENT E- THREE -ALL SAME SIZEBEDROOM APARTMENT x5 FLOORS

x5 FLOORS

x4 FLOORS

x3 FLOORS

x6 FLOORS

x4 FLOORS

x4 FLOORS

GSEducationalVersion

x3 FLOORS

ucationalVersion

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x4 FLOORS

x6 FLOORS

A.

Studio Apartments Type

apartment size: 38 m2

72

B.

One Bedroom Apartments Type

apartment size: balcony size:

73

64 m2 7 m2

C.

Two Bedroom Apartments Type

apartment size: balcony size:

83 m2 13 m2

74

D.

75

Three Bedroom Apartments Type (suggested for families) apartment size: 106 m2 balcony size: 7 m2

E.

Three Bedroom Apartments Type (suggested for students or shared style) apartment size: 105 m2 balcony size: 13 m2

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parking and facilities_-1 FLOOR -3.30 mt parking and facilities_-1 FLOOR -3.30 mt

PARKING AND

FACILITIES UNDERGROUND 1 various levels

SCALE 1/200

-3,300 1

-3,300

-3,300 -3,300 1-STORAGE AREA

-6,400 -6,400

77

(h:3.30 mt) (h:3.30 mt)

1:200 1:200

-3,300 -3,300

1

-4,800

5,73 %

-4,800

5,73 %

5,73 % 5,73 %

-3,300 -3,300

1

(h:3.30 mt) 0 2,5 1 0 0

5 2,5

1 1

2,5

1:200

10 20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

10 5 5

10

78

parking and facilities_-1 FLOOR -3.30 mt parking and facilities_-2 FLOOR -6.60 mt

PARKING AND

FACILITIES UNDERGROUND 2

-3,300

various levels

-6,600

1

SCALE 1/200

-3,300

8

-7,000

1-STORAGE AREA TECHNICAL AREAS 2-TECHNICAL OFFICE 3-WATER SUPPLY 4-HVAC ROOM 5-CONTROL ROOM 6-ELECTRICAL ROOM 7-GENERATOR ROOM

8

-6,400

8-BIG STORAGES FOR YOUTH CENTER

-6,600

-6,200

5,73 %

8

parking and facilities_-1 FLOOR -3.30 mt 79

(h:3.30 mt) (h:3.30 mt)

1:200 1:200

-3,300 -6,600

1

2

3

-4,800

5,73 %

-7,700

5,73 %

4

-8,100

5

-8,500 5,73 % 5,73 %

7

6

-3,300 -6,600

1

(h:3.30 mt) 0 2,5 1

1:200

10 5

0

2,5

0

1 2,5

5

1

5

20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

10 10

80

parking and facilities_-1 FLOOR -3.30 mt parking and facilities_-3 FLOOR -9.90 mt

PARKING AND

FACILITIES UNDERGROUND 3

-3,300

various levels

SCALE 1/200

-3,300

-6,400 -9,900

-9,500

5,73 %

parking and facilities_-1 FLOOR -3.30 mt 81

(h:3.30 mt) (h:3.30 mt)

1:200 1:200

-3,300

-4,800

5,73 %

5,73 %

-3,300

(h:3.30 mt) 0 2,5 1 0 0

5 2,5

1 1

2,5

1:200

10 20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

10 5 5

10

82

(h:4.00 mt)

1:200

SECTION A SCALE 1/200

1-RESTAURANT 2-DANCE WORKSHOP 3-WARM-UP AREA 4-THEATRE WORKSHOP 5-FOYER FOR AUDITORIUM 6-ENTERTAINMENT AREA 7-ART WORKSHOP 8-TUTORS ROOM 9-MUSIC WORKSHOP 10-MOVIEHALL

6

7

1

2

11-CARPARK ENTRANCE 12-BIKE PARKING 13-TECHNICAL AREAS 14-STORAGES FOR HOUSINGS

11

13

0

83

2,5 1

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

8

8

8

9

10

3

4

5

14

12

14 13

84

(h:4.00 mt)

1:200

SECTION B SCALE 1/200

1-ENTRANCE 2-INNER GARDEN 3-PUBLIC SPACE AS STAIRS 4-ART STUDIO

6

5-HOUSINGS BALCONY 6-CORRIDOR OF HOUSINGS 7-HOUSING CIRCULATION 8-STORAGES FOR HOUSINGS 9-ICESKATING RING

7

0

85

2,5 1

3

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

2

5

4

1

9

8

86

SECTION C AXONOMETRIC

87

88

(h:4.00 mt)

1:200

ELEVATIONS SCALE 1/400 1:1000 NORTH

VII

VI

II V

VI

VIII

(h:4.00 mt) 0

2,5

1

1:200

10 5

20 MT

NORTH

20 MT

NORTH

1:1000 NORTH

VII

VI

II V

VI

VIII

0

2,5 1

89

10 5

Elevation

1

Elevation

1

90

1:1000 NORTH

VII

VI

II V

VI

VIII

1:1000 NORTH

VII

VI

II V

91

VI

VIII

92

VIEW FROM

UUSIKATU

93

94

VIEW FROM

THE OUTSIDE TRIBUNE

95

96

VIEW FROM

MYLLYTULINKATU

97

98

AERIAL VIEW FROM

MYLLYTULINKATU

99

100

VIEW TO

THE ATRIUM

101

102

103

104

105

106

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

107

I would like to acknowledge for those who played a role in my academic years at Oulu.

I am very grateful to my thesis supervisor Professor Rainer Mahlamäki for his guidance, encouragement and support during this process along with his valuable lectures and guidance on previous architectural courses.

I would like to thank for the tutors at Oulu School of Architecture for their valuable lectures and guidance as well as Leena Kuorelahti for her counseling and help during these study years.

I would also like to thank my family; to my mom for her unconditional support; to my inspiration Leyla and to Elina for her motivation and support on believing on me. I am grateful to the students I have been studying with at the University of Oulu especially Albanor who also has been also a project partner in an architectural design course.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY How to create a relevant public space | Vos Aat | 2017 This is Hybrid: an analysis of mixed-use buildings | Steven Holl | A+T 2011 Typology+: innovative residential architecture | Peter Ebner | BIRKHÄUSER 2010 Going public : public architecture, urbanism and interventions | Robert Klanten, Sven Ehmann, Sofia Borges, Matthias Hübner, Lukas Feireiss | GESTALTEN 2012 Handbook of sports and recreational building design : Volume 4, Sports data | John Geraint, Helen Heard | Architectural Press 1981

WEBSITES https://www.archdaily.com/ https://big.dk/#projects-vm http://jdsa.eu/lil/ https://www.dortemandrup.dk/work/jaegersborg-water-tower http://www.openarch.com/task/117

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PICTURE REFERENCES

(2) Oulu 1800 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oulu#/media/File:Oulu1800.jpg (5) Image of loggias in Housings_VM Building, Copenhagen | https://big.dk/#projects-vm © BIG (6) Street View photo of Euralille Youth Center | http://jdsa.eu/wp-content/uploads/LIL-proj-03-photo-by-Julien-Lanoo.jpg Photo Courtesy of Julien Lanoo (7) Floor plans of Euralille Youth Center | © JDS Architects https://www.archdaily.com/183069/euralille-youth-centre-jds-architects/plan-05-42 https://www.archdaily.com/183069/euralille-youth-centre-jds-architects/plan-01-283 (8) Diagram of Euralille Youth Center_Collage(overlapped) by author, images from | http://jdsa.eu/wp-content/uploads/LIL-proj-10.jpg http://jdsa.eu/wp-content/uploads/LIL-proj-17.jpg (9) Render from up of Euralille Youth Center | https://www.archdaily.com/183069/euralille-youth-centre-jds-architects/jds_lil_euralille-youth-centre_render_exterior02 © JDS Architects (10) Street view of Water Tower | https://www.archdaily.com/6748/jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter/5010007428ba0d4222000359-jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter-image (11) Plans of Water Tower | https://www.archdaily.com/6748/jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkiteter/5010009728ba0d4222000361-jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter-image https://www.archdaily.com/6748/jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter/501000bb28ba0d422200036d-jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter-image (12) Function Diagram of Water Tower | https://www.archdaily.com/6748/jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter/501000aa28ba0d4222000367-jaegersborg-water-tower-dorte-mandrup-arkitekter-image (13) View of Gehua Youth center | https://www.archdaily.com/276957/gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture/5063c0f628ba0d0807000212-gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture-photo Photo courtesy of Xia Zhi (14) Plans of Gehua Youth Center | https://www.archdaily.com/276957/gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture/5063c18628ba0d0807000220gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture-plan https://www.archdaily.com/276957/gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture/5063c18928ba0d0807000221gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture-plan (15) Diagram of Gehua Youth Center | https://www.archdaily.com/276957/gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture/5063c19228ba0d0807000225-gehua-youth-and-cultural-center-open-architecture-section (4), (16) and (23) background images from googlemaps, edited by author The rest of the pictures, images, diagrams, and drawings without any numeration are made by the author.

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