J. Med. Plant. Res.
Anti-viral activity 2.0
Antiviral activity(1/MIC)
580
1.5
FlU HSV RSV
1.0
0.5
0.0
DMSO-leaf
MeOH-leaf
Water-leaf
Samples
Figure 4. Relative antiviral activities of leaf extracts. Reciprocal MIC100 values, obtained as described in Figure 3 legend, were plotted for the three leaf extracts against HSV, RSV and influenza virus. Error bars are shown when the duplicates differed in their end points. Influenza virus was the most susceptible and RSV the least.
Table 1. Antiviral MIC100.
Source Leaf
Extract DMSO
0.12 L & D
Methanol
0.72 L & D
Water Pulp
DMSO Methanol Water
Seed
DMSO Methanol Water
a
Influenza virus MIC (µg/mL)
2.8 L 5.6 D 9.9 L 77.2 D 31.2 L & D 950 L & D 4.6 L 36.2 D 150 L & D 220 L & D
HSV MIC (µg/mL) 1.0 L 4.1 D 2.9 L 11.7 D 1.3 L 5.5 D 38 L 77 D 400 L & D 633 L & D 72.5 L > 290 D > 300 L & D > 550 L & D
a
RSV MIC (µg/mL) 16.2 L 32.5 D 23.4 L 46.8 D 22.0 L 43.8 D
cytotoxicity ) (µg/mL
ND
617
ND ND
> 800 ~ 1,900
ND
290
ND ND
> 300 550
130 187 350
= Minimum concentration (µg/mL) showing microscopically visible cytotoxic effects on the cells. ND = Not detectable. L = Antiviral activity in light; D = Antiviral activity in dark.