Teen Talk Middle School (2023) - All Slides by health-connected

Teen Talk Group Norms

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• Focus tools

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• doodling or drawing

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Anonymous Question Box

Everyone must turn in a question paper at the end of each lesson

No question? Write something you learned!

• Do not write your name* (or anyone else’s name)

• Do not take anything out of the Question Box (or read from anyone else’s question paper)

• Do not submit any personal questions (about peers or instructors)

Intro Survey

Answer the questions quietly on your own , and raise your hand when finished

The survey is anonymous and will not be graded If you don’t know an answer, guess or select “not sure”

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Each

• Honesty

•

• Generosity

Think about whether you AGREE or DISAGREE with each statement and why Think

• There are no “right” or “wrong” answers –everyone has their own opinions and feelings

• Remember our Group Norms –listen respectfully when peers are sharing

• Pick a side! – there is no “middle” option, but you can volunteer to explain yourself

People should be in love before doing anything sexual together.

Examples of trusted adults may include:

• Parent, mom, dad, stepparent, grandparent, guardian, foster parent, friend’s parent

• Older sibling, cousin, aunt, uncle, family friend

• Mentor, coach, tutor, advisor, club leader

• Teacher, principal, aide, social worker

• Doctor, nurse, counselor, therapist

• Neighbor, caregiver, community leader

Back in the Day (Interview HW)

• Choose a trusted adult in your life (age 18 or older) who you feel comfortable talking with

• Interview them – use the worksheet as a guide to ask questions, listen to their answers, then write a short reflection about your conversation

• After each “Talk,” ask them to sign the worksheet

• Talk #1 due: _________

• Talk #2 due: _________

• Talk #3 due: _________

• Timing is key – try when they are not busy or distracted

• Give a heads up – let them know you would like to talk, ask them to set aside time later

• De-personalize sensitive topics – may help to talk about a friend or something in the media

• Start simple – work up to harder questions

• It’s OK to feel nervous –they probably do too!

Teen

Lesson 1 Wrap -Up

• What did you learn about California laws today?

• What did you learn about your personal values?

• How many local clinics can we name as a class?

Looking Forward Human Bodies

• Overview of all body systems

• Intro to sexual development

• Diagrams of pelvic anatomy (internal & external genitals)

• Discuss stages of reproduction (from conception to birth)

Self-Care Ideas:

Draw or build something

Take a walk or nap

Listen to music or a new podcast

Write a letter to a friend or relative

Nervous System

brain, spinal cord, and nerves

• Brain (control center) sends signals to all other body systems

• Can activate our survival response (fight, flight, or freeze)

• Nerves transmit information to/from our surroundings

• Controls movement (voluntary & automatic)

• Perceives sensations (like pain & pleasure)

Immune System

white blood cells, skin, lymph nodes, spleen…

• Heals the body and repairs damage from injury or illness

• Defends the body against harmful pathogens

• White blood cells attack and destroy germs to keep us healthy

Digestive System

mouth, stomach, liver, intestines, rectum…

• Breaks down food to supply the body with energy

• Creates, stores, and removes solid waste (feces)

• Vulnerable to certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Endocrine System

hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, testes, ovaries…

• Produces hormones (chemical messengers) that influence other bodily functions:

• Regulating emotions

• Puberty changes

• Processes related to reproduction (ovulation, menstruation, sperm production)

Urinary System

kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

• Filters toxins from bloodstream

• Removes liquid waste (urine)

• Vulnerable to urinary tract infections (UTIs) and certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Reproductive System

uterus, ovaries, vagina , penis, testicles, prostate…

• Enables sexual development pleasure, and reproduction

• Hormones from the ovaries or testicles cause puberty changes

• Genitals contain nerve endings that contribute to orgasm

• Sperm and egg cells allow us to create new humans

What to Expect

Well-Being

•

Sexual Development

Why doesn’t everyone have the same sexual & reproductive system?

Sexual reproduction enables the survival of our species

Sexual pleasure facilitates emotional regulation and bonding

Sexual Development

Some of our most significant biological differences are established before we leave the womb…

1) Sex determination: the body’s “blueprint” for development

Sex Assigned at Birth

Categorization of a newborn’s sexual and reproductive biology (mostly based on their external anatomy)

Some bodies align with the medical definition of “female” or “male”… …and some bodies differ from these expected patterns

Sexual Development

How do our bodies develop different sexual & reproductive systems?

Primary sex characteristics develop before birth

Secondary sex characteristics develop during puberty

Sexual Development

Some of our most significant biological differences are established before we leave the womb…

2) Sex differentiation: the process of developing physical traits

Sex Assigned at Birth

Intersex

Intersex Surgery

Why do you think this practice is no longer recommended?

• Lack of informed consent

• Medically unnecessary

• Human rights violation

Sex Assigned at Birth

• NO two human bodies look and function exactly the same!

• There is significant diversity in human anatomy, even among bodies given the same label

• Appreciate and respect human bodies

• Our body systems interact and collaborate in incredibly complex ways to maintain our health and body

The Brain and Puberty

Pelvic Anatomy

Label each body part as we explore the anatomy diagrams together.

These are simple drawings of two common ways that human bodies may develop, often called the male body and the female body.

Keep in mind that every human body is unique!

Remember to BREATHE

Internal Pelvic Anatomy

Sperm Cells

sperm cell

• Each sperm cell contains half the DNA needed to reproduce

• It’s one of the SMALLEST cells in the human body

• Roughly 525 billion sperm cells made in a lifetime!

Anatomy Terms

sperm cells testicles

epididymis

vas deferens

seminal vesicles

prostate gland

Cowper’s glands

urethra

bladder

penis foreskin scrotum

anus mons pubis

Sperm Cells

sperm cell

When do people start and stop making sperm?

Sperm production begins during puberty and continues for the rest of a person’s life

Anatomy Assigned Male

We’re

Anatomy Assigned Male

Besides

Anatomy Assigned Male

Anatomy

Internal Pelvic Anatomy

of Bodies Assigned

• Each egg cell contains half the DNA needed to reproduce

• It’s one of the LARGEST cells in the human body

• Roughly 1-2 million egg cells made in a lifetime!

Anatomy Assigned Female

We’re

Anatomy Assigned Female

We’re

Anatomy Assigned Female

Period Products

Anatomy Assigned Female

(it

Anatomy Assigned Female

Muscle at the bottom of the

(“gateway” between uterus and vagina)

Anatomy Assigned Female

Assigned Female

Anatomy Assigned Female

Folds

Anatomy Assigned Female

There may be social pressures for bodies to look a certain way or for people to use their bodies in certain ways…

These pressures can be misleading and unrealistic

parts

Reproductive Assistance

Fertilization

an egg cell joins together with a sperm cell

This process usually happens in one of the Fallopian tubes

Reproductive Assistance

gestational surrogate

(in vitro fertilization) combining sperm and egg cells in a petri dish

(intrauterine insemination) inserting live sperm cells directly into a uterus

someone who carries a pregnancy for another person or family

sperm or egg donor someone who donates their sex cells for other people use

Conception

Pregnancy and Prenatal Care

Health Recommendations: AVOID:

• Prenatal vitamins (w/ folic acid)

• Regular light exercise (stretching, walks)

• Healthy, balanced diet and staying hydrated (cravings are common –talk with a medical provider!)

• Drinking alcohol, doing drugs, and inhaling smoke (including vape)

• Certain foods (like raw fish, unpasteurized cheeses, caffeine) and medications (like some antibiotics and acne treatments)

• Intense physical activities (like rollercoasters, contact sports, heavy lifting)

Prenatal Development

A full-term pregnancy is about 37-40 weeks (divided into three trimesters)

Let’s learn a bit about what happens during each trimester…

1st Trimester

MONTH 1

After conception, cells continue to divide and multiply rapidly

• Placenta and umbilical cord begin to form

• Heart, brain, and spinal cord begin to form

MONTH 2

• Facial features (eyes, nose, mouth, ears) and limbs (arms, hands, legs, feet) begin developing

• Sex differentiation begins

MONTH 3

Heartbeat can be heard with a fetal Doppler (ultrasound device)

• Fingers and toes grow longer, nails appear, and fetus can form a fist

2nd Trimester

ONTH 4

3rd Trimester

• Skin, hair, and eyes develop color

• Eyelids can open and close Testicles may descend into the scrotum

ONTH 8

• Tremendous brain growth

• Fetus may turn upside-down in preparation for birth

• Most organs are fully developed MONTH 7

ONTH 9+ Fetus gains about ½ a pound per week as body fat increases

• Lungs are finally mature

• Skin is thin and transparent Fetus is developing movement, like smiling and sucking its thumb Twins may reach for each other

MONTH 5

Fetus may react to light and sound

• Hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes begin to appear

• Ovaries stop forming new egg cells

MONTH 6

Fetus can startle and hiccup Senses of smell and taste are functional

• Possible to survive outside of the womb if born prematurely (after 24 weeks)

The

Every experience giving birth is different!

Birth Process vaginal birth or C-section (Cesarean)

1) Contractions of

1) Contractions 2) Cervix dilates 3) Push out baby and placenta

inches 1) Contractions 2) Cervix dilates 10 centimeters

Birth Process If vaginal birth is not safe or not possible…

incisions

Cut out all 12 pages…

Remember,

are

Lesson 2 Wrap -Up

Looking Forward Identities

• Reflect on our own personal identities

• Discuss the importance of intersectionality

• Explore the components of gender and attraction

Ideas: See how many push-ups you can do in 1 minute Read for pleasure Cook something for your family (try

• Describe the path of a sperm cell as it leaves the body (during ejaculation)

• Describe the path of an egg cell as it leaves the body (during menstruation)

• What is “sex assigned at birth”? Let’s Review!

Konnichiwa Aloha

Bonjour

Guten tag

Shalom

…have a pet

…have any siblings.

…like to cook or bake.

…like to read.

…play an instrument.

…play a sport.

…like to play video games.

…like to make art.

…have been to a concert.

…have family in a different country.

…celebrate a holiday that most of your friends do not celebrate.

…can speak more than one language.

…can swim.

…know how to use public transit.

…know what career you want in the future.

…like pineapple on pizza.

When someone notices a situation involving discrimination

A bystander chooses not to get involved or say anything.

• The more people who witness the event, the less each person feels the need to act (“bystander effect”)

An UPSTANDER chooses to speak up in support of others by:

• Calling out injustice

• Elevating the voices of those who are disempowered

Language Note

• The use of language here is purposeful, but other people may use language differently

• For example, sometimes people use “female” or “male” to refer to their gender identity

• This presentation does not include every gender and sexual identity

• Feel free to ask questions or share what you know about these or other identities!

Gender Identity

Binary = a system with two options

Binary Genders: Non-binary Genders: genderfluid, genderqueer, agender, etc.

woman and man are traditionally seen as binary (mutually exclusive)

Gender Identity

These are adjectives used to describe the relationship between a person’s gender identity and what they were labeled as a baby describes people whose gender identity does not match the gender they were labeled at birth cisgender transgender describes people whose gender identity matches the gender they were labeled at birth

Gender Identity

Sex Assigned at Birth

What does it mean to be intersex?

Born with unique traits that don’t fit the medical definition of “male” or “female” – this can include any combination of pelvic anatomy, hormones, and/or DNA

Gender Expression

Expectations about how people “should” look and act based on their gender are often rooted in stereotypes

They are also culturally specific and shift over time

Assumptions made about groups of people that do not apply to every

What might happen when someone looks, dresses, or acts in a way that is different than what society expects?

Source:

Discussion Question

In the video, Audrey states that their gender is “ dynamic .”

Discussion Question

In the video, Audrey states that their gender is “ dynamic .”

It’s possible for gender to be fluid, and a person’s experience of gender may evolve throughout their life.

There is no “wrong” way to experience your own gender!

Gender Dysphoria

An intense discomfort related to:

• A disconnect between body and identity

• Being unable to express oneself in a way that feels comfortable or affirming

• Being misgendered (when gender is incorrectly assumed based on body parts or appearance)

NOTE: intentionally misgendering someone is sexual harassment

Transitioning

Some trans and nonbinary people pursue various aspects of transition:

• Social – changing pronouns, name, and/or gender expression

• Legal – updating official documents

• Medical – hormones, “blockers,” surgery

Body & Medical Transition

Why might some trans and nonbinary people choose not to medically transition?

Remember…

Two-Spirit (American Indian)

Around the World…

Nonbinary gender & sexual identities have existed throughout history in many different cultures:

While

Source: Rachel Souerbry via Ranker (2020)

Attraction

Feelings of interest, intimacy, or desire towards other people

Identity is a Journey

Most people go through a gradual process of figuring out who they are and how they identify.

• No rush to understand or label all parts of our gender and sexuality

• No pressure to tell people about our identities

Final

Thoughts listen openly don’t assume use everyone’s correct pronouns notice feeling defensive don’t label others don’t judge use inclusive language

Positivity Posters

• Topic: Choose a topic from the list on the following slide. If you have another topic in mind, get it approved first!

• Design: Posters can be made on paper or a computer. Think about color, graphics, and text size – these should be visible & attention grabbing!

• Content: Make sure you understand your topic! Include a catchphrase, inspirational quote, or motivational phrase. Add tips to help people practice or be mindful of the topic.

Our goal here is respect and inclusivity!

Final Thoughts

How can we practice respect for all people in our everyday life?

Positivity Posters

Create a poster to inspire and empower other people!

They will be displayed around campus to spread positivity in our community

Positivity Poster Topics

Acceptance – Keep an Open Mind

Accessibility – Empower Every Body

Advocacy – Your Voice Matters

Allyship – Stand Up, Stand Together

Community – We Are Stronger Together

Empathy – Put Yourself in Their Shoes

Growth Mindset – Stay Curious

Intersectionality – Celebrate Diversity

Kindness – It Costs Nothing to Be Kind

Pride – Be Proud to Be You

Need inspiration or have your own idea for a topic?

Come talk to me!

Respect – Treat Others How THEY Want to Be Treated

Safe Spaces – All Are Welcome Here

What I Know About SOGIE

What

Know About SOGIE

Why use the term SOGIE instead of LGBTQ+?

EVERYONE has a Sexual Orientation, a Gender Identity & a way that they Express themselves

What I Know About SOGIE

1) High heels were originally designed for men.

2) Everyone uses either she/her, he/him, or they/them pronouns.

3) Some trans people do not want gender-affirming surgery and/or hormone therapy.

4) More than 1 in 5 young adults (ages 18-24) identify as LGBTQ+.

5) People who are bisexual are 50% gay and 50% straight.

6) Children of gay, lesbian, and bisexual adults are more likely to identify as gay.

What I Know About SOGIE

7) It is obvious someone is gay or trans by the way they dress, look, or talk.

8) Some asexual people want a romantic and/or sexual relationship.

9) A person may have sexual thoughts or fantasies about someone of the same gender even if they are heterosexual.

10) People choose the gender(s) they are attracted to.

11) Coming out is an ongoing experience of communicating one’s gender and/or sexual identity.

12) Being an ally means supporting another group’s ongoing effort for equal rights and fair treatment.

Lesson 3 Wrap -Up

• Why is it important to think about intersectionality?

• What is the difference between gender identity and gender expression?

• How can we make our school a safer place for all?

Looking Forward

Consent & Intimacy

• Explore affirmative consent, boundaries, and sexual decision-making

• Discuss sexual behaviors, including whether they can lead to pregnancy and/or infection

Self-Care Ideas:

FaceTime a friend

Choreograph a dance to your favorite song

Organize something

Take a bubble bath

Boundaries

What are two things you’ve recently asked permission for?

• Borrowing something (like a pencil)

• Giving someone a hug

• Sharing food

• Going over to a friend’s house

• Sharing private information

• Posting a photo of a friend online

Boundaries

What are two things you’ve recently asked permission for?

• If you’ve asked someone’s permission, then you’ve had a consent conversation!

• We practice consent every day – it’s simply asking for permission and respecting the answer

Affirmative Consent

This means sexual contact cannot even begin until everyone involved understands what is going to happen and voluntarily agrees.

Brain-Body Connection

The freeze response is especially common when someone:

• Experiences sexual contact that they don’t want

• Feels that they can’t or shouldn’t say “no” in a situation

Brain-Body Connection

All mammals have automatic survival responses that help us stay safe: fight–flight–freeze

Affirmative consent protects our sexual agency and helps ensures that our body’s automatic responses are not misunderstood by others.

Consent Sound Like?

What Does Consent Sound Like?

Checking

Precise: A person should be clear about what they are asking someone to consent to.

Respectful negotiation can also be helpful in

conversations… …but sometimes asking follow-up questions or making suggestions can help find a compromise that feels good for everyone

I-Spy Consent Scenarios

1. Read through the scenario.

2. Think about the different components of consent.

3. Decide if there was consent.

I-Spy Consent Scenario #2

Darius is in college and just completed a class on coding. At the end of the semester, the professor asked him out. Darius said “yes” because he was worried that he would get a bad grade if he turned them down.

Was that consensual? Why or why not? asked him out. Darius said “ because if he turned them down.

I-Spy Consent Scenarios

I-Spy Consent Scenario #1

Maya and Jaime always eat lunch together. Maya usually shares her fries with Jaime. Jaime reaches over to take some fries from Maya’s plate.

Was that consensual? Why or why not? usually shares her

I-Spy Consent Scenario #3

Katie texted her best friend Arjun to see if it was okay to post the photo of them from the night before. Arjun replied to the text with a ‘thumbs up’ emoji.

Was that consensual? Why or why not? to see

I-Spy Consent Scenario #4

Bowen and Tai are best friends. Out of nowhere , last night as they were watching a movie, Tai kissed Bowen.

Was that consensual? Why or why not? Out of nowhere, night

I-Spy Consent Scenario #6

Sawyer and Jett have been dating for three weeks. Last night at a school dance, Sawyer asked Jett to slow dance. Jett smiled and said, “ I would like that .”

Was that consensual? Why or why not? asked Jett to slow dance. Jett smiled

I-Spy Consent Scenario #5

Over the weekend, Aziz and Raquel hooked up at a party. Aziz was sober, but Raquel had been drinking .*

had been drinking.*

Was that consensual? Why or why not?

Remember… Consent conversations get easier the more we practice…

It’s OK to feel awkward or nervous! The ACCEPT model is all about communicating effectively and respecting boundaries

What personal values might influence decisions about sex? Sexual Decision-Making

• Commitment

• Loyalty

• Faith

• Purity

Romance

• Curiosity • Experience • Pleasure • Fun • Connection

Sexual Decision-Making

What external factors might influence decisions about sex?

• Desire to “fit in,” be popular, or be liked

• Peer or partner pressure

• Unrealistic expectations from the media

Sexual Decision-Making

What external factors might influence decisions about sex?

• Desire to “fit in,” be popular, or be liked

• Peer or partner pressure

• Unrealistic expectations from the media these can affect our sense of agency

personal motivations that guide decision-making

Sexual Decision-Making

• Comfort with and

• How sex

• Values and preferences if

Sexual Decision-Making

oral sex

is when a person touches their partner’s penis, vulva, or anus with their mouth

anal sex

is when a person inserts their penis into their partner’s anus

vaginal sex

is when a person inserts their penis into their partner’s vagina

If a person has an STI, which sexual behaviors can transmit STIs ?

If partners have these “ingredients,”

If partners have these “ingredients,” which sexual behaviors can lead to pregnancy ?

Data Shows…

Less than 1 in 20 middle schoolers (4.9%)* report that they have had sex

Language Note

Whether or not a person considers themself to have had sex (or to be a “virgin”) depends on their definition of “ sex”

There is NO universal definition – it’s usually based on personal values, identities, and boundaries.

Brainstorm & Reflect

Lesson 4 Wrap -Up

• What is sexual agency and why is it important?

• What does the ACCEPT model stand for?

• What is the most effective way to prevent pregnancy and/or STIS?

Looking Forward

Birth Control

• Explore different methods of birth control and how they work

• Pop Quiz! game to review key information about birth control

Hormonal Methods

use vs. Perfect use (correct & consistent)

Some have more room for mistakes!

Hormonal Methods

#PeriodsOptional

Some people struggle with heavy bleeding, painful cramps, irregular cycles, or gender dysphoria related to their period…

The pill, patch, and ring give users more CONTROL over their cycle!

Methods

Hormonal Methods

Methods

Emergency Contraception

…some IUDs can also be effective as emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days after sex

ü Most brands are available to buy over-the-counter or FREE at local health clinics

• NO age or gender restrictions

• “ ella ” is the only type that requires a prescription

Emergency Contraception

ü Take ASAP (no more than 3-5 days) after unprotected sex

ü Effectiveness is based on timing and weight of the user

ü Not designed for ongoing use

Non-Hormonal Methods

ü Over 99%

ü This long-term birth control is effective for 10+ years

ü Copper ions deactivate sperm cells

ü Must be inserted/removed by a medical provider

Non-Hormonal Methods

Contraceptive gels:

spermicide

Phexxi (Rx) Spermicide can be combined with any other method!

Cervical barriers:

Insert into the vagina before sex

diaphragm (Rx)

cervical cap (Rx)

sponge

NO hormones

Does NOT prevent STIs

ü Requires removing the penis from the vagina or anus before ejaculating

About 78% effective on average…

ü Use one at a time

Available for FREE at local health clinics

NO age restriction

Prevents STIs!

→ Some sperm may be released with

fluid → Timing can be a challenge

Does NOT prevent

Methods

If choosing to have sex and pregnancy is possible, COMBINE

(1) condom and (1) other method for extra protection! (prevents pregnancy & STIs)

Possible Side Effects

Accessing Services

Things that can help someone feel more comfortable going to a clinic:

ü Knowing your rights

ü Choosing your provider

→ Local and youth-friendly

→ Accepts Family PACT

→ Provides inclusive medical care

ü Preparing for your visit

→ Connect with your support system

→ Write down any questions and concerns beforehand

This game is meant to review all the birth control methods we have learned about…

ü Find a partner and sit next to them: the person sitting on the left represents “YES” and the person sitting on the right represents “NO

ü As we go through each question and method, whoever is representing the correct answer should “pop up

it be used to skip periods?

• Which types of

•

• Why else might a person use

Looking Forward

Pregnancy Options

• Discuss the four safe & legal pregnancy options in CA ( abortion, adoption, parenting, and Safe Surrender)

• Review what we know about conception, pregnancy, prenatal care, and the law

Self-Care Ideas:

Make up a new game or sport with a friend or sibling

Have a spa night

Send someone you love a card or care package

Intro to Repro Justice

People have been subjected to unethical

being pressured into using

Intro to Repro Justice

Historically, reproductive rights have been limited…

Certain groups – like people of color and people with disabilities – have been targeted with unjust practices to prevent them from reproducing.

Repro Justice

Historically, reproductive rights have been limited…

Still today, laws that restrict reproductive decision-making have especially significant impacts on women of color and people with lower incomes.

Reproductive Choices

Due to shifting values, goals, and circumstances, views on pregnancy and parenting may or may not change over time…

Some folks might choose to:

• Become a parent (via pregnancy, adoption, or fostering)

• Contribute to other families (via surrogacy or cell donation)

• Remain child-free & cultivate kinship with others (partners, pets, chosen family, etc.)

Pregnancy Options

All these options are legally available to people of all ages in California.

Teens who are pregnant do not need permission to choose any of these options… but it can help to talk with trusted adults for support with decision-making.

If choosing to… End the Pregnancy

• Medication abortion

• Typically done within the first 10 weeks of pregnancy

• Procedural abortion

• Typically done within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy (but legal up to 24 weeks in CA) Pregnancy Options Flowchart

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to…

Continue the Pregnancy Adoption Parenting

What are some things that pregnant people should and shouldn’t do? It is important to engage in prenatal care throughout the pregnancy

helps to make a birth plan before going into labor… Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy Adoption Parenting What are some things that might be part of a birth plan ?

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to…

Continue the Pregnancy Adoption Relinquishing legal rights and responsibilities as guardian

• Open adoption

• First (biological) and adoptive parent(s) can know each other’s identity, may agree to remain in contact

• Closed adoption

• No identifying information is shared between them

Pregnancy Options Flowchart

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy Adoption Parenting

It is important to engage in prenatal care throughout the pregnancy

• DOs: prenatal vitamins, balanced diet, hydration, regular light exercise, plenty of rest, etc.

• DON’Ts: alcohol, drugs, smoke, vape, certain foods & medications, intense physical activity, etc.

If choosing to… Continue the Pregnancy Adoption Parenting

• Care team: finding medical professionals to help with delivery and/or support professionals to help during and after delivery

• Support system: partner, family, friends , etc.

• Labor & delivery: getting mentally and physical prepared choosing a location, considering pain management options, etc. It helps to make a birth plan before going into labor…

Pregnancy

If choosing to…

Continue the Pregnancy Adoption

Relinquishing legal rights and responsibilities as guardian

The vast majority of adoptions in the U.S. are open or semi-open Which type of adoption do you think is more common?

• Choices about the child’s health & well-being: feeding, safe living arrangements, medical care, etc.

• Balancing responsibilities: caring for dependents, household chores, continuing education, etc.

• Support & self-care as a new parent: personal care, childcare, financial support, emotional support, etc.

Pregnancy Puzzles

Each person will get a puzzle piece with half of a sentence on it…

1. Find the person with the piece that completes your sentence

2. Stand with your match to form a large circle around the room

Lesson 6 Wrap -Up

• What does reproductive justice mean?

• What is prenatal care?

• Who (or where) might a pregnant person go to for support or advice in making their decision?

Looking Forward STIs

• Explore the most common curable & treatable STIs

• Play a choose-your-ownadventure story game

• Discuss STI prevention with a condom demonstration!

Self-Care Ideas:

Work out to your favorite playlist

Take a hot shower

Gaze at the clouds or stars Create a self-portrait

Intro to Harm Reduction

What are some ways that we reduce risk in everyday life?

Behaviors that contain risk:

• crossing the street

• driving a car

• riding a bike

• being in the sun

• baking cookies

Ways people reduce risk:

• looking both ways

• wearing a seatbelt

• wearing a helmet

• putting on sunscreen

• using oven mitts

Intro to Harm Reduction

Partnered sexual behaviors have an inherent potential for harm…

To minimize risks of sexual harm, people may:

• Limit their number of sexual partners

• Only have sex within a committed relationship , such as marriage

• Avoid sexual contact entirely (abstinence )

Intro to Harm Reduction

Risk is a part of life but we each have the right to make decisions about our own body and anything that affects our health.

The goal is not to eliminate all risk but to be aware and make choices that consider personal and community safety.

Intro to Harm Reduction

Partnered sexual behaviors have an inherent potential for harm… safer sex practices involve proactive communication about personal and relationship boundaries, including a plan to prevent STIs

are infections commonly passed through

Transmission

STIs are mostly passed through sexual contact with a person who already has an STI…

sex anal sex

genital skin-to-skin contact (even without penetration)

STI Transmission

SOME can also be passed through infected blood or other behaviors

• Sharing needles or injection equipment

• Sharing personal items (razors, toothbrushes, clothing, bedding, towels, etc.)

• Physical fighting

• Pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding

STI Transmission

…either from contact with infected skin or sexual fluids: rectal fluid semen

vaginal fluid

Signs & Symptoms

If left untreated some STIs can cause long - term damage to the body, such as cancer or infertility This means being unable to get pregnant or get someone pregnant

Impacts of

• Millions of people have died from AIDS-related illness due to lack of medical knowledge, research efforts, and funding

• Since the 80s, people living with HIV have faced stigma

Information for Teens (by MTV)

Find local HIV Testing Sites & Care Services

Risk Reduction Tool www.hivrisk.cdc.gov Find local PrEP Providers www.pleaseprepme.org

ü Ask questions about their past sexual experiences

ü Discuss your STI status

ü Create a plan to prevent STIs together

How to Support Someone

• Treat them with respect and dignity

• Include them in activities

• Listen to them

• Remind them to take their medication

• Go to their appointments with them

• Participate in an HIV/AIDS walk to fundraise for HIV research

Use your knowledge about STIs to complete an STI Crossword

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Step 8: Dispose in the trash

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip!

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Condom Demonstration

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Step 8: Dispose in the trash

Types of Lubrication

Condom Steps

Condom Steps Relay

Place the steps for using an external condom into the correct order!

1. Groups will form a single-file line facing your stack of Condom Steps cards

2. The person at the front of the line can either:

• Pick a new card and place onto the board

• Remove a card that you believe to be incorrect

• Swap two cards into their correct order

Condom Steps Relay

Place the steps for using an external condom into the correct order!

3. After your turn, high five the next person in line to start their turn

4. The first group to get all 8 steps in order wins! Be careful: there are 8 correct steps, but 12 cards in the deck!

Condom Steps Relay

Step 1: Ask for consent

Step 2: Check the package

Step 3: Open carefully

Step 4: Check the direction

Step 5: Pinch the tip

Step 6: Roll onto erect penis

Step 7: Remove carefully

Step 8: Dispose in the trash

Condom Steps Relay

INCORRECT STEPS:

• Open with scissors

• Sharp objects (including teeth) should never be used to open a condom.

• Apply oil-based lubrication

• Oil causes latex to degrade and break. Lubricants made of oil should never be used with latex barriers.

Condom Steps Relay

• Rinse out and reuse

• Condoms are single-use medical devices. Reusing a barrier can cause it to break or spread infections.

• Flush down the toilet

• Condoms are not biodegradable. Flushing them down the toilet can create clogs and damage plumbing.

Lesson 7 Wrap -Up

• What is the difference between curable and treatable STIs?

• How can a person protect themself from STIs?

• Where can people get free local STI testing?

Looking Forward

Next class…

Sexual Violence

(content warning)

• Review consent and laws related to sexual crimes

• Analyze scenarios that depict aspects of sexual violence

• Explore strategies involved in human trafficking

Self-Care Ideas:

Bake some cookies

Run around the block

Help a family member or neighbor with a chore

Go to bed early

As we read through Bobby ’s story, we will be presented with options for what could happen next… The choices that we make will determine Bobby ’s path forward on the game board.

As we go through the game board, some squares will give us helpful reminders information about STIs… …others will ask important review questions that the class must answer correctly before we can move forward in the story.

Bobby the Blobby is a college student and works part - time. They have a crush on a coworker, AJ , who is really funny and sweet. One day while working together, Bobby and AJ decide to hang out after work…

They talk about their favorite movies and make plans to see a movie together.

B They talk about their current hobbies and make plans

Bobby and AJ meet at the movie theater and it quickly starts to feel like a date. Halfway into the movie, AJ rests their head on Bobby’s shoulder, and Bobby reaches their arm around AJ…

They cuddle for the rest of the movie and later walk home together holding hands.

B AJ looks up at Bobby and asks to kiss them. Bobby smiles and nods. They share a kiss.

Bobby and AJ meet at the bowling alley and it quickly starts to feel like a date

They laugh about how neither of them are very good at bowling, but they have a really fun time anyways…

They split a milkshake and play games in the arcade afterwards.

B AJ lets Bobby win and later gives Bobby a kiss goodnight.

The next day, Bobby feels nervous because they read on social media that you can get STIs from kissing . When they get to work, AJ informs Bobby:

Most STIs (including HIV) cannot be transmitted through saliva, but many can be passed orally through contact with infected skin.

Bobby is relieved and asks AJ for another kiss… Continue à

After a few months apart, Bobby flies out to visit AJ. They have a romantic dinner at AJ’s apartment and snuggle in bed together. They make out for a while, then after checking in with each other, they decide to have sex. But in the heat of the moment…

They accidentally put the condom on upside down, but quickly flip it over and put it on the right way before proceeding to have sex.

B They forget to use a condom.

Later that week, Bobby and AJ both want to go out again. After a few more dates, they talk about being in a relationship and also waiting to have sex until they both feel ready. As we know, STIs are typically passed through sexual behaviors, but some can also be passed in other ways…

AJ and Bobby date for a few months and they develop a strong, healthy relationship. But AJ graduates early and accepts a really good job offer in a different state. Bobby and AJ talk about their future together and decide…

They want to try being in a long-distance relationship.

not meant to be, so they break up.

Bobby is feeling down about their breakup and really misses AJ. To help distract themself, Bobby decides to have a self-care day and spend time doing things that make them happy…

Bobby stays in to relax. They take a bubble bath, do a face mask, and catch up with a friend on FaceTime.

Bobby goes out to get some fresh air. They pack some snacks, find a trail to hike, and enjoy a sunset picnic.

Later that night when AJ is asleep, Bobby remembers learning in health class:

Once a barrier touches the genitals, it can pick up STIs from the skin or sexual fluids. This means that flipping a condom over makes the barrier less effective.

Bobby also realizes that they never talked with AJ about their STI status before having sex…

The next morning, Bobby starts a conversation about STI protection and suggests that they both make appointments to get tested in a few weeks. However, AJ clearly has something else on their mind. AJ eventually tells Bobby that they have developed feelings for someone else and they think it’s best to end their relationship

Bobby is sad but appreciates AJ’s honesty. They agree to stay friends and spend the rest of the week together as planned.

B Bobby is heartbroken. They catch an early flight home and spend the rest of the week with their family.

Bobby bumps into a cutie named Mo walking their dog. They get to talking about their favorite bands and what they’re studying in school. They have a lot in common, and they both feel a spark of attraction

Bobby makes a flirty joke and invites Mo to join them for coffee so they can continue talking.

B Bobby asks for Mo’s number, so they exchange contact info then go their separate ways.

Later that night, Bobby is in bed and decides to masturbate.

Can a person get an STI from masturbating?

Bobby wakes up the next morning feeling relaxed and decides to go out for a smoothie…

Continue à

Over the next few weeks, Bobby starts to enjoy being single again. They spend time with friends, catch up on school assignments, and even decide to take on a new adventure

Bobby decides to train for a marathon and starts going for long runs through town every morning.

Bobby decides to adopt a senior dog and starts taking them to the dog park every morning.

They feel really comfortable with one another and begin to open up about their personal lives. Bobby talks about their recent break-up and Mo shares that they are living with HIV. Bobby is surprised. They want to ask Mo on a date but are unsure how Mo’s HIV status might affect their ability to be physically intimate…

Bobby asks Mo a few questions to learn more about HIV. Mo explains that they are still able to date and have sex as long as they are safe.

Bobby thanks Mo for sharing and later makes an appointment at the school’s health center to talk with a doctor about HIV prevention.

Bobby and Mo find themselves texting a lot over the next few days. Their conversations become intimate, and they start talking about their sexual interests. At this point, Mo shares that they are living with HIV Bobby is surprised. They want to ask Mo on a date but are unsure how Mo’s HIV status might affect their ability to be physically intimate…

Bobby asks Mo a few questions to learn more about HIV. Mo explains that they are still able to date and have sex as long as they are safe.

Bobby thanks Mo for sharing and later makes an appointment at the school’s health center to talk with a doctor about HIV prevention.

Mo and Bobby enjoy their beach day together, then Bobby takes Mo to their favorite sushi spot. After dinner, neither wants the date to end. They agree to go back to Bobby’s place and watch a movie. They get cozy on the couch, and things start to heat up…

They start making out, and after a few minutes, Bobby leans in and asks: “Should I grab a condom?”

B They kiss for a while, but Bobby pauses to say: “I want to be on PrEP if we’re going to have sex.”

Mo agrees and shares that they have been taking ART for the past 2 years.

Combining PrEP + ART + condoms = NO risk of HIV transmission

Remember, once a person reaches undetectable” viral load, untransmittable” through sex!

Bobby makes an appointment to get PrEP and decides to get tested for STIs too…

Continue à

Feeling confident with this new knowledge, Bobby asks Mo on a date. They make plans to go to the beach and then out for

Continue à

Mo gives consent and they agree to have sex. Afterwards, they realize that the condom broke How can a person lower their risk of contracting HIV after a potential exposure?

The next day, Bobby visits a local clinic to get PEP and decides to get tested for STIs too…

Continue à

A few days later, Bobby finds out that they tested positive for chlamydia from a previous partner. After talking with the nurse practitioner, Bobby learns that it’s a very common STI, especially for young people, and it’s easy to cure. Bobby leaves the clinic with antibiotics for themself and for Mo. Next time they get together…

Bobby asks Mo to have sex using a condom since they are now on meds.

Bobby and Mo agree to abstain from sex until the antibiotics are finished.

A few days later, Bobby finds out that they tested positive for gonorrhea from a previous partner. After talking with the nurse practitioner, Bobby learns that it’s a very common STI, especially for young people, and it’s easy to cure. Bobby leaves the clinic equipped with antibiotics and PrEP. Next time they get together…

Bobby asks Mo to have sex using a condom since they are now on meds.

Bobby and Mo agree to abstain from sex until the antibiotics are finished.

Mo and Bobby enjoy building their relationship without the pressure of having sex.

Over the next few weeks, they take turns planning fun dates that don’t involve sex…

Bobby and Q meet up at a local pizza joint later that night.

Sexual behaviors are not the only situations that require consent. It’s important to check in with people before unloading heavy emotions to see if they are in the right mental space to give support.

When they sit down, Bobby lets Q know that they have a lot of feelings about their breakup and asks Q if it’s OK to talk about it… Continue à

Mo kindly reminds Bobby:

A person must complete their treatment before a bacterial STI is considered “ cured .”

Mo and Bobby wait to have sex until they finish the course of antibiotics.

Over the next few weeks, they take turns planning fun dates that don’t involve sex…

Continue à

After dating for a few months, Bobby starts to notice that they have different values and are not as compatible as they thought. Bobby knows that they want to have kids eventually, while Mo doesn’t want to be a parent. They have an honest conversation about their future and decide to end the relationship…

Bobby needs to vent, so they call their friend Q to see if they are free to grab a slice of pizza and talk.

Bobby is sad about breaking up with Mo. Bobby’s friend Q offers to take them out for ice cream to cheer them up.

Q is a really good listener and offers Bobby some helpful advice about dealing with breakups. Q also talks with Bobby about what’s been going on in their own personal life. Q mentions that they have been causally dating two different people. Bobby doesn’t judge Q but wants their friend to be safe and happy…

Bobby asks Q: “When was the last time you got tested for STIs?”

Bobby asks Q: “Are you all on the same page about things?”

Q says that they don’t feel the need to get tested since they don’t have any symptoms. Bobby gently reminds Q that it’s important to know your STI status. Bobby also tells Q how they were surprised when they recently tested positive without having any symptoms…

Q realizes that they haven’t been tested in years and decides to make an appointment to find out their STI status.

Q tells Bobby that they have never been tested before and would like some support navigating the process for the first time.

After some honest conversations, Q learns that their partners are also seeing other people, and one of them has not been using condoms either. Q feels worried about their STI risk level and realizes that a mutually exclusive relationship would feel safer for them. To get a fresh start, Q decides to end things with both of the people they were dating…

Q wants to know their STI status before getting involved with anyone else, so they head to the walk-in clinic.

Q wants to get tested but is feeling nervous, so they ask Bobby to come with them to the health center on campus.

Q hasn’t talked with either person about their relationship boundaries or protection plans.

Name 3 questions that a person might want to ask someone before having sex with them.

Bobby helps Q think of ways to start the conversation with their partners…

Continue à

After Q gets tested, the nurse gives them a bag of STI barriers to take home and explains:

Barriers can be used for any type of sexual contact.

Internal and external condoms can be used during vaginal or anal sex. For oral sex or genital contact, a person with a penis can wear a condom or a person with a vulva can use a wearable barrier, like Lorals

As they walk into the health center together, Q feels grateful to have their friend’s support. Bobby explains that STI tests are free with Family PACT, and they help Q sign up. Both Q and Bobby get tested, and the nurse makes the entire process easy and comfortable… Continue

A few days later, Q gets their STI test results – it’s negative. Q asks Bobby to lunch to say ‘thank you’ for encouraging them to prioritize their health. Over the next few weeks, Bobby and Q start hanging out more often and they soon realize that they like each other

They decide to take it slow and not have sex until they both feel ready.

They quickly become sexually intimate, but they agree to use barriers during sex until Bobby can get tested again.

This experience brings Bobby and Q closer together and they start hanging out more often. They soon realize that they have feelings for each other and are both interested in a relationship, so they start dating. A few weeks later, they start talking about becoming sexually intimate…

They agree to have sex without a barrier since they both know their STI status and neither of them are seeing other people.

They both feel more comfortable continuing to use barriers for extra protection.

You helped Bobby through their college years and into a fulfilling career in the sexual health field. They now feel confident about their ability to prevent STIs in their future relationships, and they look forward to supporting others in making healthy, informed decisions

Bobby is about to graduate and is thinking about what they want to do after college. They reflect on all they have learned and all the experiences they have had over the past few years. They realize their passion for sexual health and decide that they want to help others…

Bobby applies to nursing school so they can help patients feel more comfortable when they come into the clinic for sexual health services.

Bobby takes a health educator job at their campus health center so they can help students learn how to take control of their sexual health.

Intro to Power Dynamics

Our society expects the individual to protect themself from harm… but “victim blaming” causes guilt and harm by diverting attention from the real issue:

Unequal power dynamics make it impossible for many people to avoid harm.

Intro to Power Dynamics

It’s everyone’s job to help reduce violence in our communities by staying aware of power dynamics and doing our best to balance them.

Intro to Power Dynamics

Race, class, and gender norms can socialize people to believe that they deserve

Laws and other systems are designed to enable them to retain their power while creating barriers for other people.

Intro to Power Dynamics

We cannot control what someone else chooses to do… We can only hold ourselves and each other accountable for treating people with respect.

Consent Review

In CA, we use an Affirmative Consent Standard to ensure that everyone has agency in sexual situations.

Waiting to hear “no” or “stop” is NOT affirmative consent. Sexual arousal is NOT affirmative consent.

This standard makes each of us responsible for being aware, checking in, and not taking advantage of others.

Disrespect & Harm

There are many laws designed to protect people from being touched or treated in certain ways without their consent

These apply to ALL people, whether they are strangers, friends, dating, married, etc.

Disrespect & Harm

The following behaviors are inappropriate and unacceptable (and illegal) because they are unwanted , disrespectful, and harmful.

If you need to talk to someone… no judgment, no shame

Remember to BREATHE

Title IX (“nine”)

In California, Title IX requires that schools protect students and staff from gender-based discrimination:

• Sexual violence, coercion, or harassment

• Unfair treatment due to gender identity , expression , or sexual orientation

• Hostile learning or working environments

Sexual Harassment

Any sexual communication that makes someone else feel uncomfortable

Name -calling or joking about someone’s body, experience, or identity Unwanted sexual comments , requests, or spreading rumors about someone

Title IX (“nine”)

coercion, or harassment

This law requires that schools protect students and staff from gender- based discrimination : To learn more, check out: www.knowyourix.org

Sexual Harassment

Any sexual communication that makes someone else feel uncomfortable

Whether it happens…

• in -person or digitally • directly or indirectly • on purpose or “ just kidding ” sexual harassment is never OK .

•

If we genuinely make a mistake and do or say something hurtful: ü take accountability ü apologize ü learn from it

• “Flashing” (exposing genitals or other private body parts)

• Taking, showing, or sending sexual pictures or videos

• Making someone touch their own body in a sexual way

This includes penetration of a vagina, anus, or mouth using a body part or an object

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

NOTE: If someone is doing sex work under age 18 they cannot be charged with sex trafficking

Sex trafficking – sexual services in exchange for money, drugs, or basic needs (food, shelter, etc.)

Laws About Sexual Images

Child Sexual Abuse Material (Federal) – creating, viewing, or sharing nude or sexual images of a minor (under 18 years old)

Cyber Exploitation (CA) – sharing sexual images of another person without their consent, resulting in emotional distress

Sextortion (CA) – threatening to share or expose sexual images in order to get someone to do something

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Labor trafficking – work as repayment for a loan or service, or to avoid an unwanted consequence

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

It may involve other sexual crimes, like harassment, assault, or creating child sexual abuse material…

Remember…

The body may have a fight, flight, or freeze reaction, but regardless of a person’s reaction in the moment… NO ONE deserves to be exploited or harmed , and we are not responsible for anyone else’s decisions or behavior.

Marco’s Scenario

My uncle always invites his friends over to hang out at our house. Last weekend, one of them came up to me in private and said that I’m looking really grown and sexy. Then she looked down at my crotch and reached her hand over. I froze and didn’t know how to react…

After Marco’s Scenario

Marco is confused and upset about what his uncle’s friend did. He had an erection in the moment, but that didn’t mean he wanted her to touch him. Marco feels embarrassed and alone, like people would just brush it off if he tried to tell someone. He feels even more powerless when his girlfriend Jenna breaks up with him out of the blue. Marco decides to take back some control by getting revenge on his ex…

Jenna’s Scenario

I can’t stand going to school anymore! A few days ago, I broke up with my boyfriend, and to get back at me, he sent a topless photo of me to all his friends. Now everyone at school has seen it and people keep staring and joking about me being a “slut”…

After Jenna’s Scenario

Jenna was humiliated and couldn’t believe that Marco would do that to her. She was so into him at the time, she wasn’t thinking about the risks of sending a topless pic, but now she regrets ever taking that photo. Jenna can’t stand the harassment but is worried that telling an adult will only get her in trouble. She feels powerless, and decides to take back some control by turning the spotlight onto another classmate…

What Would You Do?

1. Check in with Avery later. Acknowledge that what happened was not OK and ask how I can help.

2. Comment on the post to call out the transphobia. It’s not funny to joke about trans identity, and it’s none of our business what other people have in their pants anyways.

3. Nothing. Standing up for Avery might make me a target for harassment too.

4. Send Jenna a private message. Tell her it’s messed up and she should remove that post and apologize.

5. Tell an adult at school. They need to know what’s going on since Avery is getting bullied.

1. Not get involved. The situation involves nude images of a minor, so I don’t want to get in trouble too.

2. Talk it through with a trusted adult at home. Get their advice about what to do next.

3. Stand up to the students harassing Jenna. Tell them to knock it off, and that they need to delete that photo immediately.

4. Tell a school counselor. They could call in Marco and his parents to talk about what he did.

5. Ask Jenna how I can support her. Remind her that she doesn’t deserve to be harassed like this.

Avery’s Scenario

Yesterday during lunch, a girl in my class posted a meme making fun of trans people and tagged me in it. When our classmates started seeing the post, they were all shocked and started laughing, asking me if it was true. Then one person yelled “prove it!” and tried to pull down my pants…

Responding to Harm

Sexual violence is a community issue .

When one person experiences harm, there is often a ripple effect

But experiencing harm or exploitation does not give us an excuse to hurt others.

Remember…

Sexual violence is NOT about sexual desire – it’s an act of power and control

one deserves to be harmed or exploited. Everyone deserves to feel safe and to have their body and boundaries respected.

How to Help a Friend

• Remind them that it’s not their fault

• Listen without judgment and mirror their language

• Ask if they feel safe and how you can help

• Encourage them to report by telling a trusted adult, visiting a local hospital, or calling 911

• Empower then to make their own decisions

How to Help Our Community

• Educate others about affirmative consent

• Do NOT make rape jokes or use violent or derogatory words

• Establish a code or signal to check in with our friends

• Take accountability when we harm others

• Call out situations where unequal

or cousin

Power & Exploitation

Most violence – including sexual violence – is motivated by a desire for power and control.

People who commit harm often look for certain traits or situations to exploit

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Traffickers target those with an obvious vulnerability or need they can fulfill and often use grooming techniques to build a false sense of trust…

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Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

This modern - day slavery takes place all over the world, including our own communities…

An estimated 50 million people worldwide are victimized through human trafficking on any given day.

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Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

Human Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to perform manual labor or sex work

“Gorilla” traffickers use force or threats to overpower “Romeo” traffickers use charm gifts, or romance to seduce “CEO” traffickers use money or business strategies to swindle

Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Sex

Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to do sexual things in exchange for anything of value

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Sex Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to do sexual things in exchange for anything of value

Sex traffickers will often intimidate , manipulate , or fake caring for someone to hide their exploitation by promising protection, love, money, or fame

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Sex Trafficking

If a person is doing sex work under age 18, it is always considered sex trafficking

…but it’s not a young person’s fault for being in a situation like this!

It is the trafficker’s fault and a failure of society to protect that young person.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Sex Trafficking

Forcing, tricking, or convincing someone to do sexual things in exchange for anything of value

Traffickers are incredibly crafty … They may use social media and/or recruiters to target people and learn more about them

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Frankie’s Story

(1 of 8)

When I started 7th grade, all my friends were really into this new video game. We couldn’t afford the latest game console, but my cousin gave me his old one so at least I could play online with my friends. It’s more fun when you can chat live with your teammates, so even if my friends were busy, I would always find someone online to team up with.

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Frankie’s Story (2 of 8)

One night I started playing with this girl, and she told me her name was Emma. Turns out she’s in 8th grade and we have a lot in common. We played online more often, and eventually she asked to add me on social media. Then we started messaging throughout the day, and it started getting flirty. Talking with her had become the best part of my week. Human

Frankie’s Story (3 of 8)

After school one day, I got a message from Emma that said “I have something special for you…” followed by a photo of her topless. I was surprised at first, but I guess that meant she was into me. She asked me to send one too, but I felt uncomfortable. What if my mom finds out? I told her that I can’t right now, and she was cool about it, but the next day she told me I owe her. I couldn’t think of another excuse, so I snapped a quick pic of my chest and sent it to her. I was nervous, but she told me I looked hot.

Human

Frankie’s Story (4 of 8)

We kept exchanging nude pics over the next few weeks and it became our little secret. Even though we hadn’t met in person yet, we decided to make things official. I told my friends about Emma, but not about the photos. I had never had a girlfriend before, and she made me feel so special. She even asked for my address so she could send me a gift – a brand new game console!

Frankie’s Story (5 of 8)

One morning, Emma mentioned that she had just bought herself a new phone. I asked her how she was buying all these expensive things, and she told me she had started selling her own nudes online to make some quick cash. She said she could help me out by selling some of my photos as well, but no one could find out. I needed the money, and I knew I could trust her, so I agreed.

Frankie’s Story (6 of 8)

At first, it was great to have the extra cash. But then I started to notice that Emma was acting different. Her messages were shorter and less flirty, and she stopped logging on to the game as much. She only seemed to care about getting more photos to make more money. Eventually she even stopped sending me money and kept making excuses about it.

Frankie’s Story (7 of 8)

Yesterday, the school counselor came in to talk to us about online safety. She mentioned how it’s not legal for people under 18 to be taking or sharing nude photos. I started wondering to myself what could happen if someone found out what Emma and I had been doing. Could I go to jail? I decided to tell Emma that I’m done selling photos. Human

Frankie’s Story (8 of 8)

This morning I woke up to three messages from Emma demanding more photos ASAP. I couldn’t believe she was acting like this! I thought that I knew her and that she really cared about me. Her last message said that if I don’t send her new pics today, she will expose all the photos I have sent. I’m so scared. She knows where I live. What should I do?

Frankie’s Story

What are some of the

you noticed?

• Emma pressured Frankie to send nudes (child sexual abuse material)

• Emma paid Frankie for more photos (sex trafficking)

• Emma threatened to expose Frankie’s sexual images if they didn’t send more (sextortion)

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Stages of Sex Trafficking

Frankie’s Story

There were also some “pink flags” – things that may seem normal but when mixed with “red flags” become warning signs for harm or exploitation

• Frankie and Emma met online (no mutual friends)

• Frankie and Emma spent a lot of time messaging each other, eventually starting an “ official” relationship (even though they never met in -person or even talked on the phone)

• Emma sent Frankie an expensive gift

• Emma had Frankie’s address

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Frankie’s Story

What are the vulnerabilities Emma took advantage of?

• Frankie is young and quick to trust

• They were excited to be getting a girl’s attention and to start their first relationship

• They also want things (a new game console) that they can’t afford

Human Trafficking Hotline: Text ‘HELP’ to 233 -733

Frankie’s Story

How could Frankie have used technology more safely?

• Played online with friends they know in-person

• Not given their address to someone they met online

• Not shared nude photos

• Told a trusted adult when things started to make them uncomfortable

Stay Aware Online…

Frankie’s Story

Do you think Emma is who she says she is? Meeting people online can be very risky

It’s easy for people to lie about their identity or pretend to be someone else

Technology and social media are making it easier than ever for traffickers to target and connect with young people.

Frankie’s Story

What could Frankie do next?

• Reach out to the Human Trafficking Hotline

• Talk with a friend or classmate and ask for help

• Tell a parent or another trusted adult about what is going on

• Contact the police and report Emma

Remember…

• We ALL have vulnerabilities

• Traffickers exploit vulnerabilities to gain power and control

• Everyone deserves safe relationships!

• It can be hard to leave a dangerous situation on our own…reaching out to a hotline or trusted adult can help

Lesson 8 Wrap -Up

Let’s Review!

• What is CA’s affirmative consent standard?

• How is sexual violence a community issue?

• What resources can help people who are affected by sexual violence?

Looking Forward

Relationships (content warning)

• Explore signs of healthy and unhealthy relationships, including types of abuse

• Analyze and categorize relationship behaviors as healthy, unhealthy, or abusive

Self-Care Ideas:

Practice some yoga poses

Cuddle with a pet

Write a poem or song

Do a random act of kindness

Resources for Support

Unhealthy Relationships

The 10 unhealthy signs do not always indicate an abusive relationship … but they can become a pattern or ESCALATE to abuse over time.

are also certain behaviors that are considered abusive even if they only happen once

• Call: 1-800-799-7233

• Text: ‘START’ to 88788

• Chat: thehotline.org (a project of the National DV Hotline)

• Call: 1-866-331-9474

• Text: ‘LOVEIS’ to 22522

• Chat: loveisrespect.org

Types of Relationship Abuse Physical harming or attempting to harm someone’s body

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical Emotional Psychological Financial

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone controlling someone’s money or access to resources

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical Emotional Psychological Financial

harming or attempting to harm someone’s body put-downs, name-calling, or humiliating someone threatening, intimidating, or isolating someone controlling someone’s money or access to resources any sexual contact without affirmative consent

Types of Relationship Abuse

Physical

Abusive Relationships

Abuse can happen in any type of relationship

It affects people of ALL ages , cultures , and genders

Once a relationship becomes abusive, it usually cannot become healthy again

Taking Action

What can someone do if they realize they are in an unhealthy or unsafe relationship?

• Safely seek assistance (instead of handling it alone)

• Tell a trusted adult, family member, or friend about what is going on

• Meet with a counselor or therapist to process difficult emotions

• Call/text a hotline to get support and suggestions

22522

Taking Action

What can someone do if they realize they are in an unhealthy or unsafe relationship?

• Create a plan to safely end the relationship

• Consider whether it’s safer to talk in -person or digitally (via text)

• Practice communicating in firm, direct language

• Meet in a public place or bring a friend along in case the situation escalates

• After a break -up, stay distracted with friends, family, school, work, hobbies, etc.

Victim Blaming

There can be lots of complex reasons why people don’t “just leave” an abusive partner Blaming someone for staying in an abusive relationship further damages their self-esteem

How to Help a Friend

• Remind them that it’s not their fault

• Listen without judgment and mirror their language

• Ask if they feel safe and how you can help

• Encourage them to report by telling a trusted adult, visiting a local hospital, or calling 911

• Empower then to make their own decisions

behaviors are clearly healthy or unhealthy

some can vary depending on the context, frequency, or other factors

when a person is hurt or controlled by their partner

Everyone deserves healthy and safe relationships

To learn more or get support, check out: www.loveisrespect.org A person who has experienced abuse is not at fault and not alone

• What are some signs of a healthy relationship?

• What are some signs of an unhealthy relationship?

• What are some online resources to learn more about relationships?

Looking Forward

Media & Body Image

(content warning)

• Explore how media affects all aspects of culture – people, relationships, and society

• Discuss sexually explicit media (pornography), body image, and self-acceptance Self-Care Ideas:

Pick some flowers Visit someone you haven’t seen in a while

Impacts of Media

Most media content is carefully manipulated, which can lead to unrealistic expectations

The way we engage with media can have real impacts on our relationships , mental health , and body image

• Mainstream media (movies & ads)

• Social media (influencers & editing apps) • Sexually explicit media (pornography)

• Personal experience (past relationships)

• Observing family relationships (parents, siblings)

• Observing peers’ relationships (couples at school) • Learning about healthy relationships in Teen Talk • Watching couples

Fantasy of Media Romance

1. Watch the movie clip

2. Be on the lookout for media techniques, unrealistic elements, and ‘ red flag ’ behavior

3. Discuss the messages about relationships portrayed in the clip

The “Meet Cute”

1. Does this chance encounter seem realistic? Why or why not?

2. What visual cues or film techniques (e.g., lighting, music, camera angles) are used to emphasize the romance?

3. How do we see gender stereotypes reinforced in this scene?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about how to meet a potential romantic partner?

The First Kiss

1. How can you tell that the characters wanted (or did not want) to kiss? Was it consensual?

2. What strategies did the characters use to get what they wanted? Was their communication healthy or unhealthy?

3. How did it convey to the viewer that the kiss improved their relationship?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about initiating a first kiss?

Fantasy of Media Romance

Common Tropes of Modern Romance:

• The “Meet Cute”

• The “Big Ask”

• The First Kiss

• The Grand Romantic Gesture The Betrayal

• The Breakup

• The “Catfish” The Pretend Relationship Turns Real

The “Big Ask”

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. What strategies did the characters use to get what they wanted? Did they show respect for each other’s wishes?

3. What is this scene communicating about consent?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about asking someone out?

The Grand Romantic Gesture

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. What is the grand romantic gesture supposed to mean? Why is the character using this strategy?

3. What visual cues or film techniques are used to illustrate romance?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about using grand romantic gestures?

The Betrayal

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. How do the characters deal with betrayal? How could they have responded in healthier ways?

3. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about dealing with betrayal or a breech of trust?

The Breakup

1. What behaviors did you notice? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. How do the characters break up? How could they have handled the situation in healthier ways?

3. What is the scene communicating about jealousy in relationships?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about breaking up with someone?

The “Catfish”

1. What strategies did the characters use to get what they wanted? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

2. How can pretending to be someone else affect affirmative consent?

3. What visual cues or film techniques are used to emphasize romance?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about catfishing a potential partner?

Pretend Relationship Turns Real

1. What did you notice about their communication? How do they negotiate their boundaries?

2. What choices are they making? Are they more healthy or unhealthy?

3. What clues are used to foreshadow that they will fall for them in the end?

4. If an ET watched this clip, what would they learn about agreeing to be in a pretend relationship?

Fantasy of Media Romance

What do you think are some of the most challenging aspects of navigating romantic relationships ? (e.g., compromise, building trust, dealing with conflict)

How are these moments typically presented in mainstream media?

Fantasy of Media Romance

How many examples of consent did we see in these clips?

Why do you think consent conversations are not commonly depicted in romantic scenes?

Fantasy of Media Romance

What else is missing from these clips?

• Racial diversity – Black, Latinx, Asian, and Indigenous lead actors

• Gender & sexual diversity – LGBTQIA+ actors & characters

• Neurodiversity of actors & characters

• Diversity of body types

Fantasy of Media Romance

People tend to get unrealistic expectations from popular media because it commonly

• Romanticizes unhealthy and even abusive relationships

• Portrays characters who prioritize love or a partner over other parts of their life (school, friends, family, etc.)

• Skips over the build -up of trust and discussions of boundaries

• Fails to provide models of affirmative consent – even depicting nonconsensual behaviors as funny or cute

Fantasy of Media Romance

So far, we have been analyzing media messages about romance and dating …but there are also lots of messages about sex and sexuality in the media.

Sexually Explicit Media

Any type of media that depicts people in sexual situations, created with the intent to arouse

Also known as “pornography ” or porn

Sexually Explicit Media

Based on several different research studies, young people of all genders said they watched porn because of…

Analyzing Pornography

Who is the assumed viewer?

the way media represents the world and women from a masculine point of view, often depicting women as objects of male pleasure

Analyzing Pornography

Who is the assumed viewer?

Porn is an adult interpretation of sexuality made for entertainment – not education!

It’s designed for people with adult bodies, adult brains, and adult perspectives…

Pornography

People tend to get unrealistic expectations from pornography because it commonly

• Communicates ideas about how partners should act in sexual situations

• Normalizes disrespect and even violence

• Misrepresents how people know what their partner wants or likes

• Depicts consent as assumed or unimportant

Analyzing Media

Much of what we see in the media is intended to get viewers to buy –or buy into – what they are selling

It’s important to be able to recognize the tactics being used to draw in consumers…

Media Analysis Questions

Things to consider:

• How this product or idea aligns with your personal values and priorities All media is created by an author with a particular goal or agenda…

• Purpose of the message (is it informational? persuasive? entertainment?)

• Motive of the author (for education? power? profit?)

Media Analysis Questions

Media Analysis

Questions

How are they selling it?

• How effective their strategies are Companies have a lot of data about what appeals to consumers… Things to consider:

• The intended audience

• How they are trying to connect with consumers (using humor? creating shock value? featuring celebrities?)

Media Analysis Questions

Media Literacy

The ability to analyze , evaluate , and create media using a critical lens

• Think critically

• Become smarter consumers of products and information

• Recognize points of view It empowers us with the skills to:

• Understand author goals

• Identify the role of media in our culture

• Create media responsibly

The ability to analyze , evaluate , and create media using a critical lens

Why is it important to develop media literacy?

Remember… to THINK!

Communicating digitally rather than in-person does not make bullying or hate speech OK. Our online presence forms a “digital tattoo” that can be difficult to remove or change...

Before posting, sharing, or communicating online, try to stop and THINK: Is it True?

Is it Helpful? Is it Inspiring? Is it Necessary? Is it Kind?

Think About

Source: Mariah Carey

Source: Zendaya in Modeliste

Source: Justin Bieber in Calvin Klein ad (2015)

Body Image Inventory

We’re going to reflect on some statements related to body image :

• Read through the list of statements and mark ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ based on whether it’s true for you

• Do not write your name on this worksheet

• Only use blue or black pen or pencil

• When you’re done, flip the page face-down

Remember to BREATHE

Healthy Self-Image

It’s not always easy to have positive feelings about our body or appearance. but it’s important for our mental health & well-being to develop resiliency! Everyone has moments when they feel unhappy or insecure about their looks…

Tips

for Healthy

Self-Image

of focusing on how you look

• Great at giving advice • A supportive friend • A good role model

Tips for Healthy Self-Image

Appreciate what your body (and brain) does for you! like keeping you alive, safe, able to grow & learn new things

Follow people on social media who inspire you… Unfollow anyone who makes you feel badly about yourself.

We are always growing and changing !

Our self-image and relationship with our body will continue to evolve as well…

We may feel critical at times, but we can always love and respect ourselves.

• Why is media literacy important?

• How does media affect body image

• How can we handle consuming

Next class…

Looking Forward Communication & Decision - Making

• Learn how to express refusal

• Discuss healthy ways to dealing with rejection

• Practice communication and negotiation skills using scenarios

Self-Care Ideas:

Have a picnic

Take a break from social media

Climb a tree

Listen to a guided meditation

•

Example Scenario:

You and your partner have been dating for two months now and you’ve started to get closer. You two have shared a couple of kisses, but never in front of other people. You are uncomfortable with PDA (public displays of affection) and are worried that your partner wants to kiss you in front of your friends. Use the Be FIRM model to talk to them about why you are uncomfortable with PDA.

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people. I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Example Be FIRM Response

“Hey, can we talk for a second? I wanted to let you know that I’m uncomfortable kissing in front of other people I think those moments are private, and I wouldn’t want to make anyone else uncomfortable either. We can still kiss when we’re alone, but let’s just stick to holding hands when we’re around our friends. That way we can still feel connected without so much PDA. How does that sound?”

Example Be FIRM Response

Sometimes speaking up in the moment is scary or unsafe

It’s OK to leave the situation and find an adult for support. They may give you advice for next steps or, if needed, take action on your behalf.

Noticing Emotions

During intense moments or times of conflict, our body sends us signals

• Heart may beat faster

• Stomach may feel tight

• Hands may become sweaty

• May feel a weight on the chest

• May feel confused or “out of sorts”

Can be helpful to…

• Repeat back what they said to make sure you understand

“That’s hard for me to hear, but I understand that you already have a date.”

“It sounds like you need more time to feel comfortable. Thank you for letting me know.”

AFFIRM

Accept their decision Feel your Feelings

Ask yourself…

• What emotions do I feel?

• Why am I feeling this way?

• Who can I talk to for support? Your feelings are VALID!

Accept their decision Feel your Feelings Increase self-care Reframe We might naturally think… “They must hate me.”

AFFIRM

Accept their decision Feel your Feelings Increase self-care Reframe Move forward

Ask yourself…

• Did I make them feel uncomfortable? If so, what can I do to make it right?

• What could I do differently in the future?

• Who can I talk to for support?

• What am I proud of myself for?

AFFIRM Accept their decision Feel your Feelings Increase self-care

For example:

• Go for a walk

• Listen to music

• Meditate or read

• Do something you enjoy (painting, cooking, sports)

• Talk to someone you trust

AFFIRM Accept their decision Feel your Feelings Increase self-care Reframe

We might naturally think… “They must hate me.”

Instead, try thinking…

“They must trust me enough to be honest with me.”

Example Scenario:

You and your partner have been dating for two months now and you’ve started to get closer. You two have shared a couple of kisses, but never in front of other people. You are so excited about dating them and want everyone to know! Your partner just told you they don’t want to kiss in front of other people. Your feelings are hurt – don’t they like you? Think about the different strategies for dealing with rejection and use the AFFIRM model to respond to your partner in a respectful way.

Example AFFIRM Response

“Thank you for letting me know how you feel. I’m just so happy to be with you that I sometimes forget how PDA can make others uncomfortable. Holding hands in public and kissing in private is a good compromise though. I’m glad you brought this up so we can be on the same page going forward.”

Friendship Scenario #1(A )

You are so excited about your birthday pool party next weekend! A lot of classmates have already told you they are coming, but you haven’t gotten a straight answer from your best friend yet. When you ask them, they seem uncomfortable and tell you they’re not going to come. You’re really disappointed – they are your best friend! Use the AFFIRM model to accept their decision and move forward in a healthy way.

Friendship Scenario #1(B )

You have recently noticed some changes in your body. You know these are normal puberty changes, but your family has been making comments that make you a little self-conscious. Your best friend just invited you to their birthday pool party and you’ve heard that a lot of other classmates are going. You don’t feel comfortable with the idea of being in a swimsuit in front of all those people. Use the Be FIRM model to let your friend know that you aren’t comfortable going to their pool party.

Friendship Scenario #2(B )

You have been struggling in science class and want to improve your grade. Your best friend is in the class too and always tries to make you laugh with little comments and jokes. You know that you need to pay attention in class so that you’ll do better on the next test, but it’s hard to ignore your friend when they always want your attention. Use the Be FIRM model to explain your situation and set some boundaries with your friend.

Friendship Scenario #2(A )

Science is your favorite class because you get to sit next to your best friend. You love joking around with them and making them laugh. Today after class, they told you they don’t think you should sit together anymore. You’re surprised and a little sad that you won’t be able to have fun with them in class anymore. Use the AFFIRM model to respond to them in a respectful way that accepts their boundaries.

Lights…Camera…Action!

Looking Forward

Review & Wrap-Up

• Reflect on personal goals for the future and how the information from Teen Talk can help reach those goals

• Play a review game!

• Take the Exit Survey

Self-Care Ideas:

Play a board game with a friend or sibling

Create a comic strip Go swimming

Watch your favorite show or movie

Lesson 11 Wrap -Up

Review!

• What is the Be FIRM model? Which steps are optional?

• What are some kind ways to turn someone down?

• What are some healthy ways to deal with difficult emotions?

My current mile time is 12 minutes and I can train to increase my speed and endurance Set realistic goals that challenge you but are still possible to accomplish:

Ensure that your goal is aligned with your values and vision for your future:

Working towards this goal will increase my fitness and help me to stay healthy

Set a clear deadline and track your progress along the way:

I have 6 months until the end of the year and can aim to reduce my time by 10 seconds each week

Measurable Achievable Relevant

SMART Goals I am going to run a 10-minute mile without stopping by the end of the year.

Setting SMART Goals – Your Turn!

Yuki is in eighth grade and hopes to go to college after graduating high school. She is really into soccer, but her grades are not where they used to be since she joined the soccer team. She doesn’t want to quit soccer because it has improved her physical and mental health, but she needs to find a better balance to keep her grades up. Help Yuki create a SMART goal to boost her grades this year.

Consider your values, goals, and all we have discussed throughout Teen Talk to envision and illustrate your future!

Teen Talk Topics

Lesson 12 Wrap -Up

• What is something you will remember from Teen Talk?

• What was your favorite part of this course?

• How could Teen Talk be improved for the future?

Looking

Forward

information from Teen Talk can help you:

• Make informed decisions about your sexual health & relationships

• Advocate for yourself and others

• Get the support you need to reach your goals for the future

Give someone a hug Volunteer in your community