architecture portfolio 2017-2020
HAN ZHANG
Han’s major specialty is architecture. Besides, he is also interested in other disciplines that shape our environment, such as interaction design, installation, and interior design. He holds a Master of Science Advanced Architectural Design degree from GSAPP, Columbia University in the City of New York and an Bachelor of Architecture degree from South China University of Technology in Guangzhou.
CONTENT
Part 1: Transscalarity
Part 2: Themes
03-10 Urban Gradation urban renovation in Shunde
29-40 Octangle Theatre
11-24 Being with Bees housing project in east New Orleans
41-52 Library Z Strcuture
25-26 Transscalarity housing project in east New Orleans
53-60 Tree House Nature
Terrain & Geometry
61-62 Research on Villa MĂźller Secton
Part 3: Elements
Part 4: Technology
65-82 Staircase
103-104 Eco-Oriented
83-100 Room siteless museum with only galleries
105-108 Break the Barrier a grasshopper plug-in architype
mixed-use building in Washington D.C
facade modification for a high-rise
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Part I Transscalarity
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0101 Urban Gradation Institude: South China University of Technology Studio: Historic District Urban Design Instructor: Haohao Xu Year: 2017 Teammates: Jiahao Liu(刘嘉豪), Haojia Zhao(赵浩嘉) In many historical urban districts in China, we meet complicated problems. During the first half of the 20th century, when China hadn't begun to industrialize in a large scale, the urban structure of Chinese cities, towns, and villages was complete and functioning quite well. But during the second half of the century, after the P.R.China was founded and the whole country began its industrialization, the former urban structure didn't seem to fit the change and began to deviate the tradition. Big institutions and wide motorways were constructed before people could think, study or discuss preservation and our tradition, which led to ignorance and common chaos that can be seen in every city in China -- different kinds of buildings and facilities collaged together and don't have any positive relationships with each other In order to solve this kind of problem, we have to reconsider the possibility of connecting and integrating and respond positively to the problems with careful research and design.
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Fragmented old town of Shunde Shunde has been a famous commercial town since the 15th century. Until the 1950s, Huagai maintained the urban texture of traditional Chinese town. From 1950 to the present, driven mainly by demand for economic growth, the old town has been "invaded" by a lot of huge modern buildings, which has little organic relationships with one another. By making a careful survey on the condition of the presence of this area, we're trying to reconcile different elements in the area.
Hotel and Xinji Mall Huagai Mountain
Qinghui Garden Residence Huagai Street Shunde Elderly Center built
Huagai Market
Li Jiefu Elementary School
Data Analysis
Shunde Bookstore
Car Ownership continues to rise, causing a shortage of parking space. Disposable income is high but the town remains chaotic and dirty. The old town has become a popular tourists spot but the infrastructure doesn't seem to match the trend.
40% 20% 2017
2007
Economic growth rate in the last 10 years (percentage)
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800,000
5
400,000
2007
2007
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Car ownership
Quantity of tourists annully
2017
15
2007
Quantity of museum and theatre
2017
5000,000
5000,000
2500,000
2500,000
2017
2007
Quantity of tourists annully
2017
Mountain pathway Sidewalk Motorway Metro Blocked area Parking lot Historical relic building Traditional building Block-concrete short building Block-concrete tall building
Qinghui Garden (Ming Dynasty) Pen Street (Ming Dynasty) Huagaili Street (Qing Dynasty) Huagaili, which maintains a traditional texture of Chinese town until not long before Large scale of reclamation
1930, Huagai Street (originates from Pen street) built
1950s, Li Jiefu Elementary School built 1970s-80s, commercial and office buildings like Xinfa Lou were built
1980, Huagai Market built
1987, Shunde Elderly Center built
1998, Renewel of Huagai Street finished
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A New Urban Structure --- An Acupuncture Instead of totally redesign the whole district, we try to find a new way to activate it. By carefully distinguish the institution, infrastructure, and buildings that should not be here with the valuable elements that should remain, we found that it is no need to demolish all the buildings. In order to reconnect the valuable but fragmented elements with each other, we introduce a new urban structure into this area. The new structure a series of building renovation and urban facilities, including mainly 5 projects: renovation of the Huagai Market, the new design of Qinghui Citizen Center and Museum, turning several abandoned old building into an art zone, and modify the structure of Huagaili Commercial Street. These projects are linked to each other, altogether form a continuous walkable urban area.
Huagai Market
Qinghui Art Zone
Qinghui Citizen Center
Qinghui Museum Huagaili Commercial District
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Huagai Market
Qinghui Art Zone
Qinghui Citizen Center
Qinghui Museum
Huagaili Commercial District
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Openness, Integration and Vitality By introducing the new urban structure, we try to maximize the cultural and commercial value of this area. The new urban structure will not only connect the Huagai Commercial Street with Qinghui Garden, which are the most valuable elements in this area, but also create a serie of new urban facilities including city square, museum, new commercial area and mix-use buildings. By rearranging the network and functions, the new structure can bring openness and integration into the area, where different elements no longer function indepently, but as an organic whole. At the same time, by introducing new facilities, we hope give vitality to this area. Instead of being a chaotically mixed space, we replace the abandoned and "introversive" buildings with open and shared buildings, which allow locals, foreigners and tourists to work, play and live together.
Before Renovation
Mommy, come here! Renovation of Huagaili Arcade Street
Wait a second!
Beautiful sunset!
Entrance of Huagai Market
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Entrance of Huagai Mountain Park
Square and the Observation Tower
Interior street that connects the city
After Renovation
Meet here in 1 hour.
People on the square before sunset
The new commercial district
Airbnb here is great!
Citizen Center
Plaza of Art
Artists' studios
The citizen center
A new entrance to Qinghui Garden
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0102 Being with Bees Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Studio: Being-with: Coexistence at a planetary scale Instructor: Phu Hoang Semester: Fall 2019 Teammate: Danli Wang(王丹梨) Located in Village de L’Est, east of New Orleans, the project provides resettlement housing with an farming and beekeeping cooperative for coastal fishermen, who needs retaining and new jobs because the fishing industry is dying due to pollution. As part of the planetary scale design for pollinator habitat restoration, the wildflower gardens on resettlement houses provide critical habitat for urban bees, which pollinate crops locally become an active contributing member of the community.
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Species Migration due to Climate Change 13
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Resettlement and Adaptation of Communities
from Plaquemines Parish to Village de l’Est, LA 0
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Plaquemines Parish
Village de L’Est New Orlean East
RELOCTION SITE
Vulnearble Coastal Communities Port Sulphur 3,115 people
Empire 2,211 people
Buras-Triumph about 250 people, 30-40 Cambodian shrimpers
Boothville-Venice 2,740 people
Farming Practices in Village de L’Est
Risk of Flood and Sea Level Rising High Risk
Low Risk
Sediment Diversion Influence Area Main Villages in Plaquemines Parish
top left. planetary vision of "Bee Highway" bottom left. Village de L’Est site Analysis right. collaboration model 15
Food Growing in the Backyard
Veggi: A communal farm that helps supplement shrimpers' income.
Bee House
Managing Honey Bee Hives
Single-family Homes
Relocated fisherman
Sym-BEE-otic Living
Elderly with agriculture backgrounds
Inter-generational Housing
Volunteers / Migrant Workers
Farming
Agriculture
Planetary Vision and Site Strategy We propose a planetary scale “bee highway� for habitat restoration, which expands the network of natural habitat for wild bees across urban areas and farming areas to increase biodiversity and reduce dependency on migratory bee pollination service.
In addition to single family homes, intergenerational housing is provided for local seniors and migrant workers. Based on an agricultural cooperative model, the community is strengthened by a symbiotic exchange of skills, labor and ecological services among residents.
The project provides resettlement homes with a farming and beekeeping cooperative for coastal fishermen relocated from plaquemine parish in Louisiana. They need relocation and retraining because their homes and livelihood are threatened by increasing flood risk and sediment diversion, which kills waterlives. 16
Fractal Strategy we introduce a fractal system to address co-existence at different scales, from the scale of our site to the scale of a community, and then to families, individuals, and finally to honeybees.
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left. house unit design right. axon drawing on house and housing 19
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House for both Human and Bee Besides managed bee hives that are in the field, there are also live-in natural hives that share a wall with people. A vertical cavity in-between the two layers of the brick wall provides a dark and sheltered space for wild bees to build their hives. Humans and bees are separated also by verticality as the opening for bees are placed on top of the wall, facing the field, with an overhead shading to protect people walking below the bees. Only houses located in leeward side of the site has wall cavity for bees, as bees don’t build hive in windward site.
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0103 Transscalarity Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Course: Transscalarity Instructor: Yara H. S. Saqfalhait Semester: Summer 2019 Teammates: Rui Wang(王芮), Rohan Parag Parekh, Helena Urdaneta $P ER 80
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This is a research project we did on the well-known 432 Part Avenue. The building has been financially very successful. However, around 40% of the buyers are not locals. They’re from other countries or other cities in the US. For example, one of the top Penthouses were sold at a ridiculous price of 95 million dollars to a middle east oil tycoon, who is NOT going to be in the apartment most of the time, which means, most of the time no one is there enjoying the perfect view of New York City, even though the view is the most important sale point of the apartment.
Here we can see in other to make the view more attractive, the developer and the designer chose a particular kind of glass which can Enhance the saturation of the what you see through the window. The blue sky of NYC will be bluer and the grassland and trees in Central Park will be greener. But again, as we have argued, what we concern about is who’s going to be there enjoying all these, or actually, no one does?
3.12 BILLION $
By establishing a hierarchy of view, the developer found a new strategy to sell their luxury apartments, which is to make it as high as it can be, and let alone how many people we can hold in the space, we just
sell them to the tinny 1% richest guys in the world, since selling the apartments to whom makes no difference for the growth of capital, and selling them to the rich seems to be an easier way.
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Part II Themes
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0201 Octangle Theatre Institude: South China University of Technology Studio: Performing Art Center Design Instructor: Zhe Lin, Lilian Year: 2018
This project uses a geometrical language to talk with nature. Topographical and historical facts are the most important things in this design. I try to express the existing features of the site in a unique way, making the new building distinguishable from the buildings around it. The new building forms its own figure and at the same time, has a positive interaction with the surroundings rather than being an arrogant new object.
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In 1931, a new campus of National Sun Yat-sen University was being built. Planners decided to build the new campus on Shipai district of Guangzhou, which has a hilly terrain. A competition was held and the "Chime Plan" finally won the competition. In this plan, a series of orthogonal axes which hint an artificial orthogonal grid have an interaction with the naturally hilly terrain of the area. Recognizing this contradiction, I try to reconcile them with the design of this performing art center. The orthogonal grid can be abstracted as a square and the contour of the site can be abstracted as an oblique square. The blending of these two is an octagon.
Orthogonal Axes
Orthogonal Grid Octagon
Contour
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Oblique Grid
Typological study of octagon Size and shape
Altitude
Relationship
Entity and Void
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Landscape and Building The whole building is built on a small hill. Using octagons to reorganize the topography, I try to create a new "nature", just like a terraced hillside, which is, in fact, a mix of human artifacts and nature. After that, I place the rooms with different functions on the hill, complying both the grid and the terrain. The building becomes part of the landscape.
upper level plan
Acting and Watching There are mainly two kinds of activities in the performing art center --- acting and watching. The blue part is for performing and performers to get prepared, while the red part is for the audience to watch performance and rehearsals and busking performances. On the west, there are several halls for practicing. Around these halls, there are corridors and platforms where people can stand and watch. 33
ground level plan
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Stairwell as Stand
Garden as Stage
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Listening to Chorus
Busking
Watching Dancing
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left. Mail Hall right. Orchestra Rehearsal Hall 37
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Main Faรงade The main facade provides a monumental figure as it is located right on the axis of the campus
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0202 Library Z Institude: Studio Alpha Studio: Library Design Instructor: Emil Ma Year: 2018
In most of the cases, the scale of the common things would be fairly standardized, and people are very sensitive to it. When we change the typical scale or volumn of a familiar thing, it's easy to catch people's attention. A bookshelf is usually about 2 meters wide and 2 meters high, and when we make a book wall which is 5 meters wide and 3 meters high, everyone will notice the difference and try to figure out the reason or meaning of it.
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Typological Study Étienne-Louis Boullée proposed a design for Bibliothèque du Roi in 1785, where books are laid dense and high, and people need to climb up the wall for books. The work is so impressive and it inspired me on my own library design. By combining shear walls and bookshelves, we get a coherent structural and spatial solution for the library. Corridors are fixed to the wall using a cantilever structure, while floor slabs inside are fixed to the wall using steel beams. At last, the peripheral floor slabs are hanged on the roof by a couple of suspension rods.
top left. two types of library bottom left. operations on the wall right. catelog of walls 43
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Roof
Floorslab
Shear walls + Bookshelf
Corridors
Suspension rod Glass wall
Big steps
left. structure decomposition right. plans (1st - 4th floor plan, clockwise) 45
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West Faรงade 47
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introversive vs. extraverted space In many cases, reading is a private activity just like people do in their own studies. So on the east side of "the Waveform", the library provides a feeling of privacy. In some other cases, people need to communicate and enjoy the landscape while reading. So on the west side of "the Waveform", facing the bay, the library provides a feeling of openness.
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CITY
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B A A B
Getting through the Walls
Section A-A
There are two big continuous staircases in the library, which allow people getting around the library, sit on the steps and read. By putting big steps and corridors in the library, getting through the big walls, I try to create a space where people have many different views while they are walking around, and feel surrounded by books, like swimming in a sea of books.
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Wave Crest and Troughs The wavy form of the big wall naturally creates a rhythm of space. While we walk along the wall, we can feel the change of the shape and scale of the space. Then we walk through the wall, suddenly the atmosphere and characteristic of space change in every aspect --- light and darkness, closure and openness, capacious and narrow... You can see every triangle in the plan is "complementary" to each other, which creates the spacial rhythm. 51
Section C-C
Section D-D
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0203 Tree House Institude: South China University of Technology Studio: Villa Design Instructor: Haohao Xu, Lilian Year: 2018
It is funny and satisfying to hide on the tree, looking down at things from an unusual point of view, and to observe the branch and leaves more closely. Treetop is a fascinating little world for children, but for adults, they seem "too old to be curious about treetop". But I believe there is still curiosity deep in our heart, and the design of Tree House begins with that.
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On the first floor, there is nothing solid except for the stairwell and several shear walls, which bear vertical loads while seem to be randomly set, giving a sense of nature.
left. First Floor Plan right. Second Floor Plan 55
5m
15m
On the second floor, there are rooms offering places for the family members to live comfortably, while there are several balconies where they can stay beside the treetops, and in almost any corner in the house, they can see trees outside the window
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1. Reinforced concrete slab 2. Lean concrete for slope formation 3. Bitumen layer 4. 80mm Polystyrene foam panel 5. Geotextile film 6. Flashing with precast reinforced concrete piece 7. Waterproof rendering 8. White chalk gravel
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9. Expension bolt 10. 100mm aluminium pole 11. Rockwool fibre soundproofing panel 12. Spotlight 13. 80×80×1200mm joist 14. 15×20×800mm wood floor 15. 160mm brick wall 16. Rammed floor 17. 80×200×400mmConcrete block pavers
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East Facade
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0204 Research on Villa Müller Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Course: Seminar of Section Instructor: Marc Tsurumaki Semester: 2020 Spring As one the most important works of Adolf Loos, Villa Müller has been studied by people using all kinds of representational techniques, but the complexity and richness of the house is hard shown in an effective way. There are three things about this house that are interested to me: the implementation of “Raumplan”, the interaction between the building and the terrain, and the extreme contrast between exterior and interior in terms of materiality. This section drawing tries to show these three things simultaneously.
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Part III Elements
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0301 Staircase Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Studio: Mixed-use, Staircase, Social... Instructor: Hilary Sample Semester: 2020 Spring
This project is trying to bring staircase back to the center of the stage, in this case, the public space of the building --- the entrance, the lobby, and the courtyard. Geometrical forms and layering of walls create an effect of spatial depth and monumentality in these public spaces, which feature the spatial experience of the project. Flexibility, lightness, and transparency are kept in the space along the perimeter of the building for possible changes of program in the future, while fixity, heaviness and monumentality are held in the public space at the center of the building with vertical circulations, which hopefully will become a stable container of collective memory.
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Precedent Study The design started with the study on 3 staircases designed by Louis Khan. The first two being the Yale University Art Gallery completed in 1953, and the Yale Center for British Art completed in 1974. Both of them are cylindrical staircases in a building which has an orthogonal generic grid of structure. While the space in the gallery is generic and adaptable for different exhibitions, the space within the staircase is intensively designed and to some extend defines the character of the building. Furthermore, with a characteristic shape, the staircase becomes a monumental object, which can be seen more clearly in the case of Yale Center for British Art, where the outer shape of the staircase can be observed fully from the big atrium.
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The other one is the staircase in the entrance hall of National Parliament House of Bangladesh in Dhaka tells a different story. It expands, and occupies a much bigger space. The dramatic openings on the walls creates a monumental layering effect and controls the effect of light. The existence of stairs is so strong in this building that the whole entrance hall can be seen as a huge staircase.
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1. Staircase at Yale Center for British Art, New Haven 2. Staircase at Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven 3&4. Entrance Hall of the National Parliament House at Dhaka, Bangaldesh 67
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Site Strategy Public space often manifests an open space at the center of each building. Sometimes they are the atrium of a hotel, and sometimes they are the courtyards of an office building. But meanwhile, staircase as a place where a lot of social events can happen and thus has a lot of design opportunities, seem to be forgotten in many cases and simply put in a core and rarely used. This project is trying to bring staircase back to the center of the stage, in this case, the public space of the building --- the entrance, the lobby, and the courtyard. At the same time, the control lines are determined by its urban context: the Carnegie Library on the northwest, and the Conrad Hotel on the west.
left. Conrad Hotel next to the site right. first floor plan 69
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left. -1floor plan right. 2nd floor plan 71
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Entrance Hall Staircase This staircase is also the main entrance of the building. It brings monumentality to the entering experience
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Central Atrium Staircase By placing stairs between two walls, light quality is controlled, and it creates a layering effect. Flexibility, lightness, and transparency are kept in the space along the perimeter of the building for possible changes of program in the future, while fixity, heaviness and monumentality are held in the public space at the center of the building with vertical circulations, which hopefully will become a stable container of collective memory.
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Central Atrium Staircase Zigzagging structural walls changes the direction of views, creating different atmosphere.
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A-A section perspective
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0302 Room
Museum with Only Gallery Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Studio: Museum Stripped Only By (or To) its Gallery Instructors: Mimi Hoang & Eric Bunge (nARCHITECTS) Semester: 2019 Summer Teammate: Manuela Siffert This project wants to break the “gallery or non-gallery� dichotomy in normal museum design. We ask: is it possible to have a museum with only gallery? We reconsider the role of circulation and storage space in the museum (which always take up more than 50% of the space in a museum) and try to makes them also into galleries. We approach this by letting rooms with different programs intersecting with each other, creating all sorts of different relationships between two rooms and no room is completely disconnected with the rest. By doing so we blur the boundary of gallery and non-gallery.
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Analysis on Chichu Museum Our museum was designed to have only galleries (the counter-brief proposed in the Studio). After analyzing the galleries spaces in the Chichu Museum by Tadao Ando and the Noguchi Museum by Isamu Noguchi, we wanted to incorporate in our design the interesting characteristics of both museums. In the Chichu Museum, the three galleries spaces were conceived in different defined rooms with different atmospheres. Whereas in Noguchi, the gallery space is more fluid. There are no closed rooms and the sculptures and other objects are placed in a relatively open space.
top. Chichu Art Museum, Naoshima right. Noguchi Museum, New York 85
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nogushi museum , only galleries
Section Concept We put together all the rooms – the overlapping walls are cut, creating new fluid paths. Doing these multiple times, we integrate all the spaces in the entire museum, and the original rooms are not read anymore as closed spaces. The result is an interesting mixture of our two precedents, an integrated space, focused mainly on sculpture, installation and other objects. The closed rooms created the form of the museum we see from the outside, inspired by Chichu. However, inspired by Noguchi, in the interior, the closed rooms become highly connected, and the openings between them create the fluid DNA which you experience art, always from different angles and perspectives.
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A
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2nd Basement Plan - Storage Gallery - Curation Gallery - Workshop Gallery - Dark Gallery
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A-A Section
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"Storage Gallery"
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1st Basement Plan - Cafe Callery - Main Galleries
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B-B Section
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top. “Entrance Gallery” right. "Cafe Gallery" 95
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1st Floor Plan - Entrance Gallery - Consercation Gallery - Loading Dock Gallery - Reception Gallery - Toilet Gallery - Open Gallery
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Upper Floor Plan - Office Gallery - Open Galleries
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"Atrium Gallery" 99
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Part IV Technology
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0401 Eco-Oriented Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Course: Rethinking BIM Instructor: Jared Friedman Semester; 2019 Fall Team members: Yanxi Fu(伏彦羲) Based on one of Yanxi’s former projects, we propose to add an exterior skin curtain wall to the original design. The original high-rise building is totally exposed under sunlight with a clear galss skin especially its main facade facing south. In order to avoid too much solar radiation all year round, we design this exterior skin for the main facade. The new skin is composed with 328 triangle metal panels each having opennings in different size and the size of the openning is set according to the annual sunlight hours.
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Adaptive Component Reivt
Hummingbird file.sat
file.dwg
Ladybug
Weaverbird
Bake Grasshopper
Rhino
Adobe Photoshop
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0402 Break the Barrier Institude: Columbia University GSAPP Course: Meta-Tool Instructor: Dan Taeyoung Semester: 2019 Fall Teammates: Ziyue Wang(王子悦), Zifan Zhang(张子凡) This is a prototype we designed to reshape the way we design with Rhino. It builds a direct interrelationship between the body of the designer and the software. The move of the body not only changes the camera settings, which change HOW we look at the model, but also changes WHAT we can see in the model by turning on and off certain layers.
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The turning on and off of layers will be automatically triggered with the changing of the distance between face and computer to simplify workflow. With same order of point, different elements can be created. In urban level, architects can create context massing ; in building level, architects can create windows on the walls; in interior level, architects can create furniture. 107
top. changing view without moving the mouse middle. displaying different contents at each scale bottom. designing at different scales 108