O SE
0
20
ENC
D
L
M AY.
2
P O R T F O L I O
PERIOD
AUTHOR
2019-2020 Selected
ZHANG, TING
PROGRAM
MSAUD
ting.zhang @columbia. edu
_TABLE OF CONTENTS
CATALOG...
URBAN DESIGN STUDIO 01 SEEDING THE MACHAMBA 02 DISPERSING WELLNESS 03 WASTE FRONT
DATA ANALYSIS 04 INFLUENZA ACTIVITIES AND NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTIC 05 THE STARBUCKS EFFECT
+ + + _TITLE
06 BIKE CAMPAIGN IN NYC
B e g i n s th e s t o r y . . . + + +
RESEARCH
_PROLOGUE
I like stories, those which tell how people meet each other and form their relationships, and I believe that the physical environment plays the essential role as the stage for those romantic plots. Coincidence or pre-ordination is driven by the interconnection of several daily routines, and the points of those intersections are urban public spaces which accommodates people’s everyday life. Designing space is designing people’s lives. I have always been thinking that architects are acting like entrepreneurs, trying to
find the balance of interests from different groups and seek an optimal solution: we organize urban space, provide possibilities for people to build connections with other objects, and the process of design resembles a social practice, which puts every aspect of the society into consideration. At the present technological society, people are drifting apart from each other, living with cell phones in the virtual world. My works in this portfolio are mostly based on human experience in attempt to recall citizens’ collective memory.
07 EXTRACTIVE URBANISM 08 PRESERVE
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
01
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA Urban Design Studio III Spring 2020 Site: Beira, Mozambique Instructor: Kate Orff, Geeta Mehta,Thaddeus Pawlowski, Lee Altman, Dilip Da Cunha, Julia Watson, Adriana Chavez Team: Joy You-Chiao Wu, Jaime Palacios Anaya, Ashwin Nambiar, Xinyue Liu Role in Team: Research, Conceptual Design, Modeling, Renders
The city of Beira has an extensive and integrated system of traditional agriculture that is under threat. Our project conceives of this system as more than just agriculture it is a productive and preventative flood infrastructure. We envision that this agricultural system could coordinate communities, organize the city, and be the key to recovery and ongoing resilience. Our goals including Consolidate and organize cooperatives at a city scale, Protect social and ecological capital, Empower women in agriculture, Diversify income and create job opportunities, Integrate adaptive, nature-based infrastructure. Machambas in Beira, Mozambique
1
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
GROUND MID
H
LOW G ROU ND
H IG
KM 180 M K 0 9
UND GRO
Of the 71 sites assessed, 82% are located in Sofala and Manica provinces which represent 85% of the displaced population.
0
0.5
1km
Currently, the resettlement plan defines “risk zones” and resettles the people to further inland, it disregards people’s livelihoods and that’s why people keep moving back to the settlements and stay in the front of the threats of flooding.
Urban Morphology 1942
2
1975
1990
2015
3
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
“Flooding” is a consequence of unplanned sprawl into low-lying agricultural land. The current resettlement plan disregards people’s livelihoods and defines “risk zones” in the city, instead of recognizing them as assets for the city. Need of elevational programming for future cyclones and urban growth.
Beira 2020
Beira 1990s Since before the colonial times, small scale agriculture has been embedded in the livelihoods of the people from Beira. This map depicts the correlation of the damaged areas of the city with the 10 historical agricultural neighborhoods defined by the Green Zones Office. In 1987, about 88% of the agricultural land in the city was considered a machamba. People started organizing in women led cooperatives and, in 1990, the General Union of Coops became an independent Coop Company. Lack of support from the government disincentivized members to work together, but their agricultural practices remained in their machambas. 4
5
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
SPRING
SUMMER
FALL
Cyclone Season Wet Season
300 mm 30 °C
WINTER
ture
pera average tem
200 mm 20 °C
100 mm 10 °C
09
10
annual rainfall
11
12
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
avg. warmest
avg. driest
08
avg. coldest avg. wettest
Avg. Annual Precipitation is: 1593.8mm (62.7") Source: weather-atlas.com
1
5
3
2
4
annual rotation of main crops mandioca
sweet potato corn
carrot cabbage
VERNACULAR TECHNOLOGIES
6
1 Foliage barriers as windbreak to prevent erosion.
2 Low walls to protect soil wealth.
3 Consociation mix of crops to reduce pest attacks.
4 Gentle slope for proper irrigation.
5 Reed bed to maximize water retention.
7
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
Spe Ma nd cha mb ac Rig red hts U p its ma gra to Ag teri de- land roa Tra ls house inin Inc g e
nti ve s
Ag indricul t Bo ust ura ost ry l t
he eco no my
Pa rtn ers hip
Ge t Ma cha mb ac red its
Fo facod p il ro Cre ities ces sin ate job s
Based on this water-holding system we propose three community based organizing frameworks to facilitate urban transformation according to different social contexts.
g
COMID -O GR P OU ND
D UN O GR P W LOCO-O
Wa ne ter h t Pro wo old r ing d la uc k
s dit cre
un wat Mo g with
s dit d a cre n e b Sp ham and l/ c to l choong Ma s t h ion rs i Rig arme -Train duct F Agro pro nt p Crodiscou es
tiv en c In
r& atodit b u e d Inc d cr r & foo o em fo cubato yst r In dit s d e e
se l s rea ltura al land c n u I ric tion ltur ag duc agricu pro ded an Exp
cr
COHIGH -O GR P OU ND
ship tner Par
Job & Training
Agriculture land
Shift house
De up nsify hougradeand Ve sing rt t ica yp l b olo uil gie din g s
Partnersh ip
in Liv
Shift house
1
Str locengt al m he arkning Eq ets R uit a inf bl e ras e s tru oci pa orga ctu al re marcelsnizin c a g Ma hamrou c cu ham ba nd e b de for a as vel a op me nt
8
a t Ge hamb c a M
2
Training program system
nd tiv risk scap e ea mi s tig ato r
The overall objective is to strategically retreat to safer zones combined with community empowerment and economic development. High Ground Coop - Provide welfare facilities / densify housing Low Ground Coop - Increase agricultural production and manage water holding systems. Mid Ground Coop - Boost economy by scaling agriculture / aquaculture production.
3
Water holding system
Agriculture land
Ge t Ma cha mb ac red its
Spe Ma nd cha mb ac Rig red h Ch its t s ildr t M o dis ach en d land cou am a nt ba ycare ma rke t
Inc en tiv es
9
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
COMMUNITY CENTER / MARKET
2
MARKET STREET
NEIGHBORHOOD MACHAMBA
3
EXTENDED MARKET
1
COMMUNITY CENTER 2
10
NEIGHBORHOOD KITCHEN
1
MACHAMBA GUIDELINE
4
ELEVATED HOUSING
3
DITCH
11
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
NEIGHBORHOOD MACHAMBA
N
O
R FA N-
ME
I SH RS
G FTIN
AGRO-TRAINING HUB / MARKET SING SHIFTING TO THE HOU MO
IGH GROUND TO H
1
2
BUILD MOUNDS
3
MULTIPURPOSE GROUND FLOOR
AGRO-TRAINING
4 INTEGRATE AGRI-AQUACULTURE
UN D
2
PRODUCT STORAGE & TRANSPORTATION
1
EXISTING MACHAMBA LOCATION
AGRO-TRAINING HUB / MARKET
NEIGHBORHOOD MACHAMBA
12
13
STUDIO | SPRING 2020
SEEDING THE MACHAMBA
Here the machamba system will seed the mid-ground in the form of a co-operative industry that can sustain the large scale agriculture surrounding it. With a strong expertise in machamba management, women can easily secure skilled jobs in these industries. Also the farmer training schools in the low ground can help farmers transition to a floating machamba system by piloting it in the existing reservoir.
FOOD PROCESSING FACILITIES
LARGE MACHAMBA
FLOATING MACHAMBA
Co-op can also help communities for land transformation and building floating machambas. Floating machambas production system can Guarantee food production in different climate condition as well as food diversity.The system does not rely on available fertile land; and it uses less space than conventional crop production, generating high yields of both vegetables and fish for consumption. 14
15
STUDIO | FALL 2019
DISPERSING WELLNESS
02 DISPERSING WELLNESS Urban Design Studio II Fall 2019 Site: Hudson Valley, New York Instructor: Kaja KĂźhl, Anna Dietzsch, Jerome Haferd, Liz McEnaney, Justin Moore, Shachi Pandey, Raafi Rivero, David Smiley, Dragana Zoric Team: Mansoo Han, Niharika Shekhawat, Shailee Shah Role in Team: Preliminary Research, Conceptual Design, Modeling, Axonometric Drawing, Renders, Video Making, Community Interaction, Interview
USA produces an estimated 6,456.7 million tons of CO2 every year. Healthcare industry accounts for 10% of the total greenhouse gases generated and has experienced a 30% increase in the rate of gas emissions from 2006. In the Hudson Valley, geography of the region drives people’s health seeking behavior, residents travel upto 1.5 hours one way for their basic health needs. At the same time, many hospitals in the Hudson Valley have 50% percent vacant bed space, that can be more efficiently repurposed. The project challenges and changes the perspective of the current healthcare system from being a measure of cure to an extension of health and wellbeing of the community. Therefore, we reimagine dispersion of wellness through an additive typology that empowers the role of social infrastructure to spread a wellness network in rural areas, that substantially lower the environmental impacts of the healthcare sector, and create an equitable and sustainable model. Site Model, Mansoo Han & Ting Zhang
16
17
30.6%
USA
E
E Patients
HIGH CARBON FOOTPRINT
Health Care Facilities
ed
for he
s a lt h c a r e ne
care services
E
ed
60m
in
rvic
E
in
OF ACCESSIBILITY Inaccessiblenot healthcare preventive (PHYSICAL + MONETARY) Inaccessible healthcare
d
4% o see
r Patient se re transportation
k m o r e h e a lt h c a 4%
12%
e vi c
to
see
k m o r e h e a lt h c a
re
E
se
r vi
s ce
SYSTEM RETROFIT
53.9%
51.6%
1 : 1,860
2010
51.6%
53.2%
53.2%
2010
1 : 1,860
53.2%
2020
2020
2020
2030
31.5%
21.7% 18.6% 21.7% Adults
51.1%
31.5%
who consume 18.6% 1 or more
fruit/vegetable 31.5% 2016 Adults
51.1%
2030
2010
21.7% 18.6%
51.1%
51.6%
51.6%
in
E
121% 107.9%
130% 130% 121% 121% Coronary heart disease 107.9% mortality per 100,000 107.9% 2014-16
Coronary heart disease
mortality per disease 100,000 Coronary heart mortality per 2014-16 100,000 2014-16
392.9Substance Mental Health Use Use Mental Health Substance 461.5 369.6
392.9 392.9 461.5 461.5
369.6 Mental disorder 369.6 hosp. per 10,000 2014-16
Mental disorder hosp. per 10,000 Mental disorder hosp.2014-16 per 10,000
2014-16
2040
2040
who consume 1 or more fruit/vegetable Adults who consume2016
2040
2030
1 or more fruit/vegetable 2016
2040
42.0% 31.0% 9.0%
42.0% 31.0% Pop. without access to 42.0% 9.0% locations for physical activity 2014 9.0%
31.0%
Pop. without access to locations for physical activity 2014 Pop. without access to
locations for physical activity 2014
35.6 41.8 28.7
35.6 41.8 Drug abuse 35.6 28.7
41.8
hospitalization per 10,000 28.7 2016
Drug abuse hospitalization per 10,000 2016 Drug abuse
hospitalization per 10,000 2016
2040
bia
Colum
bia
Colum
Greene
Greene
bia
Colum
Greene
EE
E E
EE E E E
E
E E
16%
SYSTEM RETROFIT
54.2%
16%
Pharmaceutical
E
Other sector & services
Agriculture
E
E
E E
Legend PATIENT PREVENTIVEHospital HEALTHCARE E
E
Legend
E
E
E
E E
3076 - 8439
3076 - 8439
Primary Care8440 - 19986
8440 - 19986
19987 - 41245 County Boundary
19987 - 41245
Energy for
41246 - 74413 Urban Density Energy for production of plastic 0 production 32% of plasticand electrical equipment 0 5 10 Median Household Income and electrical equipment
112 - 3075 3076 - 8439 8440 - 19986 19987 - 41245
18
41246 - 74413 0
5
10
E
41246 - 74413 5
20 Miles
10
E E
46.1%
Urban Density
20 Miles
20 Miles
42.5%
E
E EE
E
E
Primary Care
E E EE
42.5%
E
E
Median Household E Income Median Household Income Legend E 112 - 3075 112 - 3075
Hospital
E
E
E
43.7%
E County Boundary County Boundary Urban Density
E
38.1%
43.7%
E E E
E
E
Hospital
E
E
E
EE
EE E
E
EEPrimary Care E
84%
E
43.7%
E
Other manufacturing
E E EE E
E
E E
E
E
38.1%
E
EE E E EE E E
16%
84%
38.1%
EE E E E E
E E
and chemical products SYSTEM RETROFIT
PATIENT PREVENTIVE HEALTHCARE
EE E E E E
E
E
E
E
Waste treatment
E
E
E
EE E E E E
E
Anesthetic gases and Anesthetic gases and metered dose inhalers 13% metered dose inhalers 84%
Energy for production of plastic and electrical equipment
2030
DISPERSING WELLNESS
54.2%
Other manufacturing
32%
2020
Greene County
2030
EE
in
E E E
E
E
PATIENT PREVENTIVE HEALTHCARE
Anesthetic gases and metered dose inhalers
2020
E
Other sector & services 11% Other manufacturing
13%
2010
1 : 2,030
m
EE E E E E
E
Patient transportation
Agriculture
obese Adultsare who are obese2016 2016
E 15
E
EE
11%
EE
E
Pharmaceutical and chemical products
Pharmaceutical 9% Agriculture 9% and chemical products
Adults who
2040
1 : 2,030
m
E E
2030
1 : 2,030 15
E E
2020
E
30min
E
25.5% 2016
58.4% bia E E CoElum 58.4%
E 58.4% 15 m E Ein E
E
E
54.2%
Building energy
5%
E
E
s
Building energy Gas, heating & cooling
3%
E
E 30min
30min
Gas, heating & cooling 12% 3% Other primary industries Patient transportation Other primary industries 3% Waste 3% treatment
5%
E
E E EE E
E
26.0% 26.0% 26.3% Adults25.5% who 26.3% are obese
31.6%
24.5%
18.2%
Greene County51.6% 53.9%
Colum
E
60min
1 : 2,790
for cure
f
t
E
1 : 2,790
Serious Illness/Disorders
E
E
60min Greene
f
d
LACK OF ACCESSIBILITY (PHYSICAL + MONETARY)
Greene
30.6% 31.6%
30.6%
53.9%
51.6%
1 : 1,860 bia
E E
60min
Serious Illness/Disorders
rcalth ca k more hoe e
more spending for cure
f
ce
in
E EE E
Greene
1 : 950
60m
1 : 2,790
LACK OF more spending ACCESSIBILITY s or cure Illness/Disorders Serious ce (PHYSICAL + for ce r vi d more MONETARY) se spending to re see
or
E
not preventive
60m
k health care se see rvic LACK n’t es do
1 : 950
es
es
do
E E E EEE E EE E E EE EE E E E E E E E EE EEE E E E E EE E E EE E EEEE EE E E E E E E E E E E E E EE E EEEEEEE E E E E EE E E EE EE E EEE E E E E E E EE E E E E E E EEE E E E EE EEEEE E E E E EEEE EE E E E EE E E EEE E E E E E EE E EE E E E E E E E EEEE E bia E Colum E E E E E E E E E
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1 : 950
es rvic need for health emore
Greene County
EEE E
E E
E
fo se more need for health k health care se r health care see rvic care services n’t es do s ne ce ed not ipreventive k health care se for he s er v see rvic a lt h c a r e n’t
2010
E E
Patients
HIGH more need for health CARBON care servicesPatients FOOTPRINT ne
EE
EEE E
pollute environment
FOOTPRINT
E
E E E EE
25.5%
E
EE E EE E E E EE
E
HIGH
Health Care environment pollute CARBON Facilities
%
%
E E E E E EEE EEE EE
health care se rvic vide es pro
health care se rvic vide es pro
E E EEE E
E
pollute environment
Waste treatment
%
EE E EE
U.S.A. HEALTH SECTOR
U.S.A. HEALTH SECTOR
18.2%2010
E
26.3%
24.5%
24.5%
E
E E EEE EE
E
health care se rvic vide es pro
%
%
10%
EMISSIONS
E
E
E
EMISSIONS
U.S.A. HEALTH SECTOR 10%
%
%
USA
EMISSIONS
10% USA
Building energy Other sector & Gas, heating & cooling services 8% Other primary industries 8%
%
18.2% 30.6%30.6%
Mental Health Substance Use
130% 26.0% Chronic Disease Obesity&Diabetes Chronic Disease Obesity&Diabetes
31.6%
30.6%
Columbia Columbia County County
E E
essible healthcare
%
Chronic Disease Obesity&Diabetes
Columbia County Population Age 65 and Population Age 65 Over and Over
ealth Care Facilities
%
Population Age 65 and Over
STUDIO | FALL 2019
E
E
Columbia Memorial Hospital Columbia Memorial Hospital
E
51 Fire stations 51 Fire stations
E
E 30.7%
EE
E E46.1% E EE E
E E E
E
E E
E EE
42.5%
EE
E
E EE
E EE E
30.7%
E
E
EE
E E E EE E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E EEE E E E EEE EE E E E E E EE E EE 30.7% EE E E EEE E EEEE E E E EEE E EEE E EE EE E E E E E E E E 46.1% E EE E E E EEE E E EE E E E E E E E E E E E E E EEE E EEE EE E E E EEE E E EEE E E E E E E E E EEE EE
E
E E
21 Public libraries 21 Public libraries
Columbia Memorial Hospital 51 Fire stations 21 Public libraries
19
STUDIO | FALL 2019
DISPERSING WELLNESS
HOSPITAL AS PARK PROGRAM TRANSITION OFFICE 3F 84,750 SQFT
MAIN HOSPITAL 6F 58.4% VACANCY 134,500 SQFT
PARKING 3F 67,000 SQFT RESEARCH CENTER 2F 17,200 SQFT SERVICE BUILDING 1F 18,500 SQFT
HOSPITAL 3F 55,400 SQFT HOSPITAL 3F 18,450 SQFT HOSPITAL 2F 9,500 SQFT
ORIGINAL PROGRAM
DOUBLE SKIN FACADE CARE CENTER DAY CARE & FAMILY CARE 17,200 SQFT
COMMUNITY PAVILLION TRAINING, PUBLIC KITCHEN, TELEHEALTH OFFICE 18,500 SQFT
PROPOSED PROGRAM
COLUMBIA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL HUDSON, COLUMBIA COUNTY
COMMUNITY PAVILLION TELEHEALTH CENTER COMMUNITY GYM TRAINING CENTER PUBLIC KITCHEN
20
21
STUDIO | FALL 2019
22
DISPERSING WELLNESS
Pocket Window
Community Pavilion
Stepped Green Roof
Children’s Playground
23
STUDIO | FALL 2019
DISPERSING WELLNESS
RURAL AREA MODULAR SHED
PRATTSVILLE, GREENE COUNTY
4’
2.5’ 2.5’
12 nlum300 0 o C l- l -3 0ft e ee in X1 Pan n St 1/8 8 i ft 8 X 6 X 8 n Pla with r i 2 X X 36 el ba 2in hann 3 C-c am e Ib
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25
STUDIO | FALL 2019
26
DISPERSING WELLNESS
Public Promenade
Shed As A Living Room
Storefront Healthcare
Healthcare Center
27
STUDIO | FALL 2019
DISPERSING WELLNESS
Presentation Video Interview and Sketch Diagrams Included
Community Interaction Hudson, Columbia County, New York & Prattsville, Greene County, New York
28
29
STUDIO | SUMMER 2019
WASTE FRONT
03
WASTE FRONT Urban Design Studio I Summer 2019 Site: Sunset Park, New York Instructor: Tricia Martin, Nans Voron, Hayley Eber, Sagi Golan, Quilian Riano, Austin Sakong, Shin-pei Tsay Research Team: Mansoo Han, Niharika Shekhawat, Design Team: Claudia Kleffmann, Vasanth Mayilvahanan Role in Team: Preliminary Research, Conceptual Design, Modeling, Axonometric Drawing, Renders, Video Making
Sunset Park’s Waterfront is an Industrial area which has multiple underutilized NYC properties that has a great connectivity, and it currently hosts SIMS, the facility which receives 100% of NYC’s residential recyclable waste and sorts it for later recycling. But, all this residential waste only represents 25% of NYC’s Waste Stream. The remaining 75% is Commercial Waste of which only 22% gets recycled. And this recycling happens scattered all over the city, costing a lot of money and polluting due to its distribution. This project proposes a Green Waste System that will manage and recycle NYC waste, by locating a number of processes in one specific area, therefore reducing transportation, money and time invested in recycling, creating an asset at Sunset Park that will give back to the community by providing jobs, education, public spaces and energy.
30
31
# STUDIO | SUMMER 2019
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1000ft
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33
STUDIO | SUMMER 2019
WASTE FRONT
BUSH TERMINAL PARK
ON GNIKRAP
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SUSTAINability CO.
FOR SALE
FOR SALE
34
FOR SALE
FOR SALE
NO PARKING
NO PARKING
35
STUDIO | SUMMER 2019
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NON-ORGANIC WASTE ORGANIC WASTE
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FERTILIZER GROCERIES
36
37
STUDIO | SUMMER 2019
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WASTE FRONT
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STUDIO | SUMMER 2019
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+ + + _TITLE
End of the story... + + + _EPILOGUE
Honestly, I was once a pessimist towards the present technological society where people are drifting apart from each other. However, my encounter with architecture helps me recognize the power of space and ignites my passion to explore a better living environment and a promoted city life, which leads to my decision to further my study, namely that provide a better setting for people to create their unique stories.