Abstract 2022

Abstract 2022

<COVER> <INTRO>

<SECTION D> 435

<SECTION A> 15

<INSERT> 458 <SECTION E> 487

<SECTION B> 223

<INSERT> 538 <DIRECTORY> 545

<SECTION C> 309

<COLOPHON>

Columbia GSAPP

Lindsay Harkema, Ryan Brooke Thomas, Elsa Ponce, Sera Ghadaki, Sonya Gimon, Abby Coover, Bryony Roberts

Kimberly Dowdell, Pascale Sablan ’07 MSAAD, Jason Pugh ’06 MSAUD, Amale Andraos

Wanda Dalla Costa, Lola Ben-Alon

Charles L. Davis II, Reinhold Martin

<FALL 2021 LECTURES>

Columbia GSAPP

Anna Puigjaner, Amale Andraos, Guillermo López, Alfredo Lérida

Patrick Houston, Kate Aronoff, Alyssa Battistoni, Reinhold Martin, Kian Goh

Mariam Kamara, Mario Gooden

Wonne Ickx, Hilary Sample

Teresa Caldeira, Weiping Wu

Andrés Jaque, Boonserm Premthada

Iyad Abou Gaida ’19 MSAAD, Maureen Abi Ghanem ’24 UP PhD, Victor Body-Lawson, Filiep Decorte, Richard Plunz, Manale Kahale, Michele Di Marco, Elias Khalil, Amina Merkebawi, Serge Yazigi, Yara Akkari

Abstract 2022

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Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

<INDEX> <INTRO> 9 Letter from the Dean Andrés Jaque 11 Editor’s Note <SECTION A> 15 Master of Architecture Mario Gooden, Program Director 17 Advanced Architecture Studio V, VI Andrés Jaque and Mario Gooden 101 M.S. Advanced Architectural Design Andrés Jaque, Dean and Program Director 141 Advanced Architecture Studio IV Ziad Jamaleddine 161 Core Architecture Studio III Hilary Sample 181 Core Architecture Studio II Erica Goetz 201 Core Architecture Studio I Anna Puigjaner <SECTION B> 223 Visual Studies Laura Kurgan 253 Building Technology Lola Ben-Alon 289 History and Theory Reinhold Martin 301 Collaborations <SECTION C> 309 M.S. Architecture and Urban Design Kate Orff, Program Director 333 M.S. Urban Planning Weiping Wu, Program Director 379 M.S. Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Program Director 403 M.S. Real Estate Development Patrice Derrington, Program Director 423 New York—Paris Danielle Smoller, Program Director 427 Introduction to Architecture Danielle Smoller, Program Director

<SECTION D> 435 Ph.D. Architecture Felicity D. Scott, Program Director 439 Ph.D. Urban Planning Weiping Wu, Program Director 445 Ph.D. Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Program Director 447 M.S. Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices Felicity D. Scott and Mark Wasiuta, Program Co-Directors <INSERT> 458 Portfolios <SECTION E> 487 Research 515 Events 528 Publications <INSERT> 538 Pavilion 540 Commencement <DIRECTORY> 545 Faculty 551 Staff 552 Graduates 554 Awards 556 Alumni <COLOPHON>

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Master of Architecture

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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Letter from the Dean Andrés Jaque Every design is a redesign. At a time shaped by ecology, the built environment is no longer something that can be understood as a new beginning or tabula rasa. Rather, a retrospective reading of the urban and social fabric and a radical engagement with the here-and-now is imperative for generating change — whether that be through analyzing existing material flows, taking stock of climate change impacts, or identifying experts and community stakeholders to inform design solutions.

In a similar vein, the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation (GSAPP) at Columbia University evolves in dialogue with its history. Since its founding in 1881 as one of the first Schools of Architecture in the U.S. and its settling at Avery Hall in 1912 with an enrollment of 140 students, Columbia GSAPP has expanded to include 11 professional degree programs and 2 non-degree programs with over 700 graduate and doctoral students. Through joint studios and all-school seminars, disciplinary boundaries are constantly shifting and blurring to cultivate innovative modes of collaboration and knowledge production. Abstract captures the moment of each academic year through an inspiring survey of student work that hints at the future of architecture, urban design, urban planning, historic preservation, computational design, curating, and real estate development.

At Columbia GSAPP, the built environment is explored as a fundamental player in the evolution of the tensions and transformations where the present and future of the world are shaped. This requires design to be understood as a practice deeply rooted in research — historical, technological, material, and ultimately political.

Abstract 2022, the 35th volume in the series, presents a range of studios and courses that address today’s most pressing challenges using methods that expand beyond disciplinary boundaries. The book lays out how the School is entangling itself with climate change and social and political crises in an effort to transition the field to practices of care, when depletion and segregation are confronted worldwide. The publication is complemented by Columbia GSAPP’s online repository of over 11,000 projects student projects (2015–present) investigating unique issues worldwide. Alongside studios and courses, Abstract highlights the School’s public programming series; publications released by the

Columbia Books on Architecture and the City (CBAC) imprint; and research undertaken by centers and labs at the School. These events, books, and projects amplify and expand discourse at the School to include practitioners, academics, community members, and the wider public — nurturing a vital feedback loop that informs future conversations. Taken as a whole, the work presented in Abstract 2022 demonstrates how an extraordinary cohort of students and dedicated faculty are working together as a form of creative and political engagement.

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Master of Architecture

Columbia GSAPP

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Editor´s Note Abstract 2022 documents several shifts in how student work was created and shared at Columbia GSAPP over the Summer 2021, Fall 2021, and Spring 2022 semesters. Final reviews transitioned from Zoom meetings during the Summer 2021 semester to in-person sessions with mask requirements during the Fall 2021 and Spring 2022 semesters. Following over a year of virtual and hybrid events, guest speakers for the Dean’s Lecture Series delivered in-person lectures in Wood Auditorium among students and faculty.

Amid COVID-related restrictions on international travel, many studios and courses focused on sites in and around New York City. The Advanced Architecture VI: Wood & Plants @ Avery Studio led by Adjunct Assistant Professor Gordon Kipping proposed topping the Italian Renaissancestyle Avery Hall with climate-conscious wooden structures interwoven with lush vegetation (40).

Professor Laurie Hawkinson’s Advanced Architecture V: Extreme Scales — Speculating New Futures for Bodies, Buildings, and the BQE Studio proposed participatory and community-centered designs for the 1.5-mile triple-deck BrooklynQueens Expressway along the waterfront (72).

Visiting Assistant Professor Ryan Devlin and Adjunct Associate Professor Jose Luis Vallejo’s Urban Planning Studio: Reimagining Public Space in Pandemic and Post-Pandemic New York investigated the conversion of the Open Streets and Open Restaurants programs from temporary to permanent infrastructures and policies (346). The Historic Preservation Studio II: Environmental and Social Justice in Harlem led by Assistant Professor Erica Avrami and Adjunct Assistant Professor Morgan O’Hara examined how climate vulnerability is socially constructed over time through policies, practices, and projects (386).

Beyond New York, the Urban Design III: Belize and the Yucatan Studio led by Professor Kate Orff and Faculty Thaddeus Pawlowski, Adriana Chavez, Lorena Bello Gomez, and Geeta Mehta explored how marine and fisheries restoration, climate mitigation, and local jobs and prosperity can combine across a system in different sites and scales (314). The studio engaged with local officials from the Belizean Government, advocates from local and international NGOs, and students and faculty from the University of Belize during a virtual workshop staged at the start of the Spring 2022 semester. In the Advanced Architecture Studio V: FutureCurrent led by Adjunct Associate Professor Vanessa Keith, students analyzed drone footage

of their site as a starting point for designing an oceanographic and climate research center, using virtual reality software to simulate full-scale experiences remotely (84).

An insert titled Collaborations highlights student work produced as part of a new transinstitutional initiative that brought together students from Columbia GSAPP, Howard University, and Tuskegee University (301).

Two courses — Tourism, Tropicalization, and the Architectural Image led by Adjunct Assistant Professor Dahlia Nduom, and Difference and Design led by Adjunct Associate Professor Justin Garrett Moore — participated in the inaugural run of this initiative. Additional inserts feature the 2022 commencement celebration, which was hosted in person for the first time since 2019 (540), and WEB, a student-designed outdoor pavilion produced as part of The Outside-In Project seminar led by Associate Professor Galia Solomonoff and Professor Laurie Hawkinson (538).

This edition of Abstract would not be possible without the dedication of assistant editors Paige Haskett, Cheng Ju Lee, and Holly Baker and photographers Changbin Kim and Yunha Choi.

For a wider selection of student work, please visit the online archive at www.arch.columbia.edu/ student-work.

—Shannon Werle

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Columbia GSAPP

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<SECTION A> 15 Master of Architecture Mario Gooden, Program Director 17 Advanced Architecture Studio V, VI Andrés Jaque and Mario Gooden 101 M.S. Advanced Architectural Design Andrés Jaque, Dean and Program Director 141 Advanced Architecture Studio IV Ziad Jamaleddine 161 Core Architecture Studio III Hilary Sample 181 Core Architecture Studio II Erica Goetz 201 Core Architecture Studio I Anna Puigjaner

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Master of Architecture

Columbia GSAPP

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Master of Architecture Mario Gooden, Program Director Columbia GSAPP’s Master of Architecture program is a three-year accredited professional degree program. At GSAPP, architecture is understood as a form of knowledge inextricably linked to a broader context of environmental and global action—one that is oriented not toward what architecture is but toward what it could be. Today, the Master of Architecture program pushes this understanding of architectural experimentation and re-invention forward, with faculty and students weaving together critical discourse with technological skill, disciplinary expertise with expanded modes of practices, and design speculation with engagement in the issues of our time.

Building on the School’s commitment to advancing architecture alongside more global and contemporary perspectives, GSAPP’s Master of Architecture program has focused on expanding its design capacities, building practices, and discursive potentials. The program finds its strength in the diversity of its faculty and its approaches to architecture. Its pedagogy is simultaneously rigorously structured and constantly re-examined to respond to ever-changing contexts—welcoming the openness, inquisitiveness, and intellectual generosity that enable and foster new avenues for individual development and collective directions for the field.

The Master of Architecture program is centered on the Architecture Design Studio and the three curricular sequences that orbit it: History and Theory, Visual Studies, and Building Tech. While the sequences run in parallel, they are also designed to be brought together at critical junctures: through the intersection of specific exercises and through broader project integration. Supplementing these main pedagogical tracks is an elective sequence and a required professional practice course. Prior to graduation, students are required to submit a portfolio of representative work from each semester, which is evaluated by all studio faculty.

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Advanced Architecture Studios I

Columbia GSAPP

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Advanced Architecture Studios V, VI Andrés Jaque, Dean and MSAAD Program Director Mario Gooden, MArch Program Director The Architecture Design Studio Sequence is divided between Core and Advanced Studios.

Advanced Studios consists of the last three semesters, with the final two composed of nearly eighteen studios that together explore new instruments, techniques, and formats of design across a multiplicity of existing realities.

The Advanced V and Advanced VI studios bring together students in the Master of Architecture and Master of Science in Advanced Architectural Design programs. The studios function as laboratories for discussion, where students and critics practice new ways of mobilizing architectural concepts, programs, tools, and methods to intervene in specific layers of the everyday.

The Advanced Architecture Studios address an ambitious scope of concerns, considered in relation to architecture’s social, material, environmental, and political potentials, with projects ranging from an addition to Avery Hall that investigates the coexistence of wood and plants in building materials; structures that mitigate and adapt to climate change, informed by research authored by scientists at Columbia’s Climate School; the development of reparative connections between urban and rural New York through architecture; and the adaptive reuse of a former factory into an incubator for art and design in Houston, Texas. Studios considered sites in New York City and Upstate New York, Puerto Rico, Honolulu, Los Angeles, and beyond.

The studios affirmed the potential of architecture as a sociopolitical project, one that is committed to the intersectionalities of climate, equity, design and data, and the city and its communities, yet remain open to uncertain futures.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

<AFTERIMAGES: ON RESTITUTION, ANIMISM, AND DIASPORA> Emanuel Admassu This studio foregrounded restitution—linking Western museums to their imperial foundations—as starting points to articulate the intersections of architecture, heritage, and migration.

In recent years, global debates with tremendous cultural and political consequences have been brewing over the vast collections of looted African artifacts dispersed across European and North American museums. These debates, augmented by scholarly and artistic interventions are calling attention to critical questions: What can the museum become when it ceases to be

Sonny Han, Kylie Walker

Gene Han, Farouk Kwaning

Columbia GSAPP

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an afterimage of coloniality? How can this moment of protests, strikes, and direct actions at museums be used as counterpoints to the ossification of Western art institutions?

Max Goldner, Keneilwe Ramaphosa

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

20 <94 DAYS> Annie Barrett, Stephen Cassell

This studio proposed a focus on the construction of a daily practice: a simple, ritualistic process of making and re-making and an exploration of how the work produced therein, recursively reconsidering the same thing again and again, might inherently take on extraordinary, complex, and robust properties. The studio began with a focus on our immediate context—the exact effects of the diurnal cycle that defines each single day–as it cultivated a routinized daily practice. During the first half of the semester, each student designed

Xinan Tan The boundary between the human-made world and nature has always been an interesting point of discussion. Sedona, on which hiking trails and street systems dominate, is an appropriate example for researching and designing relationships between these opposites.

Jiageng Guo

Columbia GSAPP

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a space that intimately, meticulously, and rigorously engaged the effects of the sun and the interplay of sunlight and space. As the semester unfolded, students took their research in divergent, individualistic directions, yielding a diverse set of interrelated projects.

Henderson Beck

Qijian Cui Box of Secrets is an ambiguous mass located in Bryant Park that functions during the day as a secrettelling input device, and during the night as a secret-playing output device while illuminating the park.

The facade is made of horizontally and vertically oriented transparent cylinders which distort images and create a sense of ambiguity.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

<THE TOUR 022> Gary Bates The contemporary commercialized notion of tourism, an economic framework in the guise of culture, job creation, and leisure, simultaneously reflects class alienation, environmental dystopia, cultural homogenization, and commodity fetishism. The imminent return of mobility—car, boat, plane, and train—provides the starting point for a new ethical idea of tourism. The Tour can take on a new role: scaleless, restorative, virtuous, invisible, and caring. In this studio, students examined an alternative reading of The Tour, exploring its DNA through the lens

Ata Gün Aksu

Yiruo Li

Yining Lai

Columbia GSAPP

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of living, experiences, energy, motion, transience, food, augmentation, perception, and time to project an alternative future for The Tour. Through The Tour, the studio investigated research where climate change is most visible, tourism where the environment is most fragile, food production, clean energy, and alternative forms of living.

Bisher Tabbaa

Yong Yeob Kim The first goal of Adaptable Archive: Activism Toward Land was to build an art organization for artists experiencing employment- and finance-related troubles. I sought spatial inspiration from artists or works of art with methodologies and ideas, specifically Gabriel Orozco.

His understanding of trees as circles in different sizes inspired the creation of this center.

Dhruva Lakshminarayanan

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

24 <THE REMOVAL OF MOTION (EVERYTHING MUST SCALE 6)> Michael Bell

In this studio, students designed a new small-scale workplace for remote work or education in the emerging post-Covid era. The studio imagined the workplace in the nascent and diminished and/or newly distributed economy to address long-term transformation in where individuals live, learn, and work. Design work was imagined at a high level of detail with a focus on how it is manufactured. The studio focused on how and where concepts of motion are central to architecture and where its acceleration and removal are understood as beneficial and part

Enfeng Xie Balance of Office Surveillance is a workplace that balances visual surveillance and freedom, allowing employees to control how much they are watched and monitored by camouflage.

Han Kuo Everything All on Track is intentionally designed to be roomless. Inside there is no static accumulation of rooms, but merely a dynamic and changeable open zone full of domestic units and events. In a roomless space, definition of space is dissolved and re-merged into modularized furniture components, movable partitions, and objects.

Columbia GSAPP

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of contemporary experience. In what ways does one’s movement — to work, to home — in how one works or how architecture works change? Ultimately, the studio aimed to test an architecture component of a future form of settlement.

Yaxin Jiang LightWork: Future Distributed Work Space imagines a network of lightweight, inflatable, temporary, and distributed workspaces for the future.

Muyu Wu The current stage of living and working conditions are disjointed, resulting in the possibility of excessive overtime employment. The goal of Revolving House is to combine the building with the future of the health industry. Work, exercise, and rest is determined by the user and the building itself.

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

26 <RISK: CLIMATE, ARCHITECTURE, AND UNCERTAINTY> David Benjamin

How can society address climate risks through narratives and climate models? How can it translate these risks into action? And what can architecture do? What protection do buildings provide in these scenarios? What role do buildings play in creating these crises? This studio focused on this territory of Risk, addressing climate change, architecture, and design with uncertainty. Over the course of the semester, students worked with scientists at the Columbia Climate School and learned about modeling and predicting climate disasters while also

Yi Liang, Ryan Hansen Hunts Point 2080 follows activist characters in Brooklyn who set out on a quest to find vital food supplies in a time of disasters and encounter the architectural and infrastructural impacts of a localized food supply chain. The project is envisioned through three phases: 2040, with the existing warehouses; 2060, with structural strengthening elevated bars; and 2080, with extra programs like a hydroponic farm, algae pools, and housing grown off of the bars.

Xumin Chen

Columbia GSAPP

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developing tools for telling stories about climate futures. It explored the architecture of mitigating and adapting to climate change to prototype the buildings and cities of the future.

SeLim Jung, Kyounghwa Lee This project is a safe space for elephants and other species. It sustains a reliable water supply and is designed as a prototype that could be applied to water resources throughout Africa.

Daniel Kim, Takashi Honzawa Extraction Reversal creates adaptive infrastructure based on outdated energy productions using tools that take advantage of the varying climate of 2040. Los Angeles’ physical and social infrastructures need to reflect the reality of energy scarcity. Our strategy provides a new framework of living that would serve as a foundation for people to fill in—a model for living with climate change and uncertain weather patterns.

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

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Columbia GSAPP

<BRIDGE STUDIO> Patrice Derrington, Christoph a. Kumpusch This studio responded to five focal points, or pillars, of development: equity, advocacy, adaptability, variability, and sustainability. These pillars acted as questions to redefine what it means to be a critical developer, an architect, or a participant in physical and imagined environments. Investigations occurred through research, drawing, modeling, making, collaborating, investigating, interacting, and outreach. From human to non-human (machine learning (ML) and algorithms), this studio offered diverse ways of reading, seeing, and

Nash Taylor, Josh Bransky To accommodate a growing population and serious housing needs in the community, the existing P.S. 64 is restored and redeveloped into residential units with shared workspaces, kitchens, and social programming.

Cara DePippo, Graham Drennan Through model making and quantitative analysis, this project explores the relationship between fragmented users and uses in creating immersive spaces informed and supported by financial decisions.

The project interrogates the traditional development structures and existing spatial qualities of P.S. 64 and the East Village.

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understanding the human condition within the built environment. Apart from the resulting architectural bodies, or archi-types, it focused on interactions between the human body and the urban body. It crossed the lines of transportation, adaptation, and configuration to project a future reality of what it means to inhabit the city.

Alonso L. Ortega, Josh Westerman By rejecting focus on vanity and praise from the beginning, a reorientation can manifest for how architects/developers base their practices. The perceptual approach of photorealistic images manifests a false narrative that promises an effective place of making.

However, an investigation of these environments through objects and activity can be a basis to speculate on the possibility of interactive architecture.

Karen Chen, Jason Lee

Karan Matta, Kamu Kakizaki

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

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Columbia GSAPP

<THE SPACE OF WATER: COLONIALITY, WATER, AND INDIGENEITY> Mario Gooden This studio asked: what are the spatial practices of liberation before the subjugating forces of property, capitalism, forms of enclosure, and architecture? The studio examined the transcultural connectedness of liberatory spatial practices with a focus on the ecological spatial practices of the Hawai’i ahupua‘a system and the interdependent relationships between humans, land, water, and non-human species. Through engaging storytelling and alternative methods of research and representation, the studio developed architectural/counter-architectural interventions along the

Estefania Serrano Soto Pu’uhonua Hale Community is a place of refuge that aims to re-establish ea by creating an ecosystem where its inhabitants take care of aina, each other and the land takes care of them in return. The project aims to provide hales and education to everyone in need and involve communities in a cooperative environment that fosters acknowledgment of the original ahupua’a and Hawai’ian culture.

Jiaying Qiu

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Ala Wai Canal for the radical reclamation and reparation of the ahupua’a ecosystem as well as the radical transmutation of the canal—its spatial, material, and temporal conditions.

Hazel Villena Implementing a network of interventions aided by manmade technology at different scales and sites will work primarily to physically bridge segmented areas, treat polluted water, and reclaim watershed land to bring back ecosystems as these move from inland to the ocean. This will result in a new hybrid infrastructure to redirect the watershed that crosses Waikiki.

Yanan Zhou What if ea is brought back to the site and juxtaposed with military and tourism. What would happen if the fishponds, water stream, and seashore are restored in this highly urbanized area? The juxtaposition of military, tourism, and ea will enlarge the ironic and tough situation brought by the colonization of the site in Hawaii and hand the decolonization right to the restored nature. Damage cannot be reversed, but consciousness can be brought back, and so can the ahupua system.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

Columbia GSAPP

<THE LA WATER STUDIO: SPECULATING ON THE CONVERGENCE OF NATURE AND CULTURE AT LA’S SEPULVEDA FLOOD CONTROL BASIN> Laurie Hawkinson This studio speculated on a site at the Los Angeles River and the Sepulveda Dam in the greater Los Angeles where two large infrastructural conditions converge: suburban sprawl and the 100year flood control basin. It analyzed this complex and extra-large-scale physical environment through many trajectories: geophysical, historical, environmental, technological, political, cultural, and economic. As a result, students developed proposals beyond the accommodation

Gizem Karagoz Sepulveda Basin is a 2,000-acre public facility designed for flood management with 8 miles of the river running through its center.

This site proposal is designed using the cyclical timeline of daily recreation and extreme weather events to maximize its potential to serve as a community resource.

The existing landscape creates an opportunity for a socio-ecological approach, one that leverages natural river processes to create a selfsustaining habitat while providing relaxation, recreation, and greater flood relief to the urban region.

Brian Wei-Chun Chou

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of the flood control facility and proposed public programs to partner with the site. Designs projected what life will be like in this near-future scenario, speculated changes in lifestyles and social behaviors, and envisioned how the designs may impact California’s growing population.

Wanqi Jiang

Jason Young Kim Pretentious art on a pretentious wall in a pretentious gallery. Not in this park. The artworks here share the walls with dog urine and childrens’ stencil sketches. A true public gallery where art truly becomes pedestrian, and where there is no high-art.

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

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<THE INSTITUTIONS WE NEED: NEW MUSEUMS FOR NEW HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS> Juan Herreros, Ricky Ruihong Li This studio set out to review and redesign the museum in response to the contemporary conditions of art and cultural institutions. With a critical purview of the extractive histories and institutional architectures of collection and display, the projects of this studio explored the potentials and strategies of spatial intervention in negotiating the (post)coloniality of museological contexts. Varying in forms, techniques, and settings, they proposed radical

Erxiao Chu, Novak Djogo, Luz Auyon All programs hosted by El Museo del Barrio’s organization located throughout the city are relocated to the main Hecksher Building. The scattered institution is refocused into a single building, a new social condenser and heart for the Barrio which will engage and draw ever more diverse crowds of New Yorkers and travelers through El Barrio’s doors.

Mingxun Zou Three families of architectural interventions are introduced to disrupt the colonial syntax of the Encyclopedia. The new families— nests, valleys, and yards with distorted shapes—punctuate the antiquated floors and facades and soften the orthogonal wall systems of The Met.

Columbia GSAPP

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recalibrations of architecture in the social, political, aesthetic, semantic, and programmatic registers for four major museums in Manhattan.

Haoran Xu The main strategies of Here We ReMet aim to generate a new circulation of visitation that overlays, disrupts, and penetrates the colonial institution and renew The Met’s interstitial relationship with its urban context and Central Park.

U Kei Long, Chuqi Huang, Xueyin Lu To forge a reconnection with the public, The Frick Collection: House for Everyone highlights domesticity by restoring its original function as a residence.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

<A FACTORY AS IT MIGHT BE> Mimi Hoang As the collective conscience continues to raise regarding socially and environmentally progressive production practices, speculating about architecture’s role in shaping the processes and environmental impact of production becomes critically important. What are the architectural corollaries and opportunities for innovation at the scale of the factory, its spatial components, and its relation to the city and productive landscapes?

Xiucong Han, Danlei Yang Vertical Brewery Incubator of Red Hook provides aspiring brewers with co-working spaces and access to equipment, stimulating interactions and collaborations amongst professionals and homebrewers.

Columbia GSAPP

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Yuening Jiang, Siyu Xiao, Yinlei Pang

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

Columbia GSAPP

<BUILDING ON BUILDINGS> Wonne Ickx In this studio, students worked on the site of the former Coca-Cola bottling plant in Houston, Texas, investigating the existing structures and the open space in between them. The studio explored different possibilities to incorporate a 10,000-square-foot incubator for arts and design on the site while leaving a maximum of possibilities open for future developments.

The title of the studio not only referred—in a literal sense—to the fact that students built on top of previous constructions, but also proposed an architectural thinking that learns

Alya Abourezk, Gustavo Lopez Mendoza

Sixuan Chen, Danielle Nir Building on the site’s history as a rapidly growing manufacturing plant, our adaptive reuse strategy is to preserve and expand on the existing columns and roof structures, bringing about a continuous ground floor condition where programs can be inserted without limit. We adapt the non-hierarchical ideologies of precedents, such as Archizoom’s No-Stop City, by dispersing our core functions, design workshops, throughout the site so that production and design are present at every corner.

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from the past and distills lessons from previous building experiences. If architecture is embedded in history, how can architects insert new narratives, ambitions, and values into the established architectural practice and how can the past be included in design in the future?

Yunlong Fan, Yukun Tian Network: Art & Design Incubator in Houston preserves the original complex’s historical and reusable buildings, using linear architectural elements such as corridors, canopies, and facades to connect scattered existing buildings and urban street networks, make them whole, and foster dialogue between architecture and the city.

Rory McFarlane, Sarah Abouelkhair Emerging artists and designers need space. For the most part, the space that exists here already is perfectly suited to reuse, with minimal intervention.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

<WOOD & PLANTS @ AVERY> Gordon Kipping Architects are confronted with changing what and how they build to reverse the impending climate disaster. The W&P@A Studio proposed solutions by investigating wood and plants as coexisting building materials. In the first half of the studio, students designed and built full-size wood constructions, filling the studio with oxygen and the visual delight of plants.

In the second half, students proposed a roof addition to Avery Hall, a programmatic extension of the school, using their acquired knowledge of plants and wood construction with the added

Benjamin Fox

Columbia GSAPP

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element of a power generation apparatus. They built sustainably, mitigating extreme heat, reducing the power demand of the school, and adorning the historic building with a visually dynamic and symbolic hat worthy of GSAPP and befitting of the times.

Hao Zhong Baubotanik is a building method in which architectural structures are supported through the interaction of technical joints and plant growth.

This project proposes removing the roof of Avery Hall and replacing it with a giant tub of soil for trees.

Above, a new volume is supported by glulam columns.

Zihan Sun

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

42 <URBAN EXOSTRUCTURES: PRISONS, FOOD, WATER, POWER>

Laura Kurgan

This studio envisioned new patterns, spatial imaginations, and networked programs for postprison futures. Students addressed the twenty-four locations and counties in rural New York State in which prisons were recently closed by New York State Governors Kathy Hochul and Andrew Cuomo. The work of the studio was not to think of prisons in isolation but as part of a larger series of flows and transfers that connect upstate and downstate, urban and rural. These infrastructures — carceral, water, food, and power, among others — act as urban exo-structures

León Duval

Ethan Davis Shan Li

Columbia GSAPP

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that were considered systemically. Individual projects worked together as a network of interventions in Upstate and Downstate New York, introducing new economies, new networks, and an imagination of alternative architectures for future reparative connections between urban and rural New York.

Shulong Ren Junho Lee

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

44 <MAKERGRAPH> Giuseppe Lignano, Ada Tolla

This studio used, as an armature, the controversial 1967/68 proposal for a Columbia University Gymnasium in Morningside Park. This ultimately unbuilt structure illuminated structural inequities in Morningside Heights and Harlem and was a catalyst for the 1968 student movements at the school. The studio’s investigation applied tools of architectural theory and practice to the historical complicities of institutions of Architecture and Academy, including their current obligations and opportunities. The students looked at how personal stories are woven

Eric Chyou Who is “I”? How did I attempt to find “I”? It is done through a personal educational experience as I transit from school to the world.

My “self ” exploration started with identifying my personal experiences with four body parts: head, torso, hands, and legs. And each was given a specific material: plastic, wood, metal, and fabric.

Jordan Readyhough

Columbia GSAPP

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into shared stories. They found moments of reckoning and repairing, thinking and making, rethinking and remaking. Ultimately, the studio conceived, designed, developed, and made an intervention into the typology of the monument and the topography of the park—to reveal, to highlight, to focus, to reframe, to radically transform.

Zakios Meghrouni-Brown Rubén Gómez Gañán Mechanisms and Bodies is an exercise of self-knowledge, a situated practice of understanding how I operate within the entanglements I am part of as an Architect and as an individual. Therefore, by interacting handly with materials, I created objects that fit my body depending on its physicality, such as pain, bad postures, or fears. In this way, instead of making things, I mediate between all mechanisms involved in constructing surroundings, meanings, and our bodies.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

<SHAPING SPACES OF SOVEREIGNTY: DESIGN FOR DECOLONIAL REALITIES AND VISIONS IN PUERTO RICO> Justin Moore, Oscar Oliver-Didier This studio identified and further shaped spaces of sovereignty in the context of Puerto Rico’s perennial and extreme conditions of contingency and coloniality. With a grounding in place, local needs, and imagination, students articulated their vision and mission and their understanding of ethics as a basis for their power and agency as an architect. While design is a means for making places, it is also a means for keeping places. The studio aimed to design

Qiwei Sun

Columbia GSAPP

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revolutionary places and experiences that support the process of decolonization and enable greater self-determination in Puerto Rico and its communities. It sought to develop, communicate, and visualize ideas for how various places could transform, be sustained, and thrive to stakeholders and the broader public.

Andrew Magnus Land After Luxury speculates on the agro-ecological potentials of Puerto Rico’s rural spaces and takes specific efforts to problematize and subvert the resort golf course typology to create a regenerative farming coop that enables food sovereignty and political independence from the mainland U.S. The project occupies and reclaims a golf course in Caguas, Puerto Rico, and institutes a new way to build with a regenerative, community-supportive, and climateaware vision.

Aikaterini Papoutsa

Stephanie McMorran

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

Columbia GSAPP

<KING KONG MANHATTAN> Anna Puigjaner Studying a fragment of the Manhattan grid as a starting point for an architectural proposal, this studio imagined urban forms and architectures that provide alternative living realities in which disruptive values, new kinships, and commonalities are set for the collective good.

Responding to that approach, the students dismantled the preexistent openings that allowed new relations and ways of caring to emerge. They envisioned new ways of producing the island of Manhattan that did not reproduce the former process of categorization and normativization.

Anoushae Eirabie, Sierra Heckman Breathe Again envisions a future in Manhattan if we grew with one another across different species, and how diverse and complex narratives may evolve in accordance with our inevitably changing climate.

Livia Calari, Jules Kleitman Urban Fabric District uses the Garment District as a prototype to return life to homogenized Manhattan neighborhoods. The project operates on two levels: an architectural operation to increase light and air to levels necessary for housing, and a programmatic reorganization of the block to integrate previously separated user groups through a circular economy of material reuse.

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The otherness, the wildness, the diverse, the complex, the queer, and the unpractical served as paths to explore. Instead of a city run by infrastructure and real estate control, this studio imagined a city formalized mainly on care practices and complex social bonds.

Lucia Song Libraries of Domesticities proposes an alternative to Manhattan blocks shaped by private, individual ownership, and imagines a process toward commoning and collective care practices that can emerge at the scale of the block. The proposal examines a phased formation of a library model for sharing goods, services, and spaces that are often privatized—more specifically, it creates three libraries of domesticities (housing, caretaking practices, and objects) that take shape on a block in South Harlem.

Zoe Zhai

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

50 <SMALL FOOTPRINTS> Hilary Sample

This studio looked at the history of New York City settlement housing and working women and childrens’ housing. Architecturally, it worked through a variety of building types and their storefronts as spaces that connect to the street and serve as distinct places from the street and housing above. In response to the ongoing NYC housing crisis, the studio looked especially to the challenge of vacant spaces across the city today. Deeply concerned with adaptive reuse, these spaces and their intersection with housing and public health suggest a way to reimagine city

Lichong Tong

Santiago Alvarez The program is conceptualized through Maslow’s pyramid, which points to physiological, psychological, and self-fulfillment needs. The spaces are arranged linearly: first, mental health, then clinical care, and an in-between buffer space for community engagement, gathering, and leisure.

Group spaces for psychotherapy are oriented towards the back and individual clinics towards the front for convenient access.

Columbia GSAPP

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and street life. As a result, the studio reimagined how these spaces and other interior spaces remake life through the culture and functions of a clinic and supportive housing for nurses.

Sophia Le To address the need for a more unconventional approach to addressing mental health, Food + Fuzz proposes culinary therapy.

This “nontraditional” approach to addressing mental health creates an opportunity for intergenerational support through recipe sharing, a medicinal garden, cooking, and eating as the link between different groups and cultures to express AAPI heritage and pride.

Ryan Alexander

Advanced Architecture Studio VI

52 <ARCHITECTING: A THINK TANK IN LOS ANGELES> Galia Solomonoff

If everything relates to something else, our sphere, the built environment, relates to all others. It is in fact connected and central to every other sphere of knowledge and problem.

It follows, that solving one problem will in fact start to solve other problems. The Think Tank Studio followed a seminar format for the first two weeks of the semester. In this studio, students thought of architecture as a verb; architecting was the act of learning, connecting, proposing, designing, controlling, and building all at once. The studio also studied a variety

Jialu Deng, Ningyuan Deng

Kurt Cheang, Sunghyun Kim, Hannah Stollery Next Emergency Institute supports research on disaster preparedness, mitigation, and relief for emergencies due to environmental disasters.

Columbia GSAPP

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of existing think tanks, such as the Earth Institute and Brookings Institution, destined to resolve social, scientific, and economic problems using cross-disciplinary knowledge. A think tank is an organized group of cross-disciplinary research with the objective of providing advice or action on a diverse range of issues using combined specialized knowledge and the activation of networks.

Ece Cetin, Sujin Shim, Irmak Turanli Data + Ethics is a think tank focused on the effective use, outreach, and development of scientific and digital technologies for ethical, transparent, and sustainable data and information processes.

Minghan Lin, Peicong Zhang The Institute of Water is a research campus situated among the Santa Monica Mountains in LA, a place of monumental isolation where water is treated as if it were gold. Most importantly, the design serves as a manifestation of a water collection, filtration, and reuse system while creating water ecological typologies and unique landscapes that are educational, meditative, and entertaining.

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Advanced Architecture Studio VI

<DETOX USA> Mark Wasiuta With the intertwining of culture and environment at stake, this studio has analyzed, reconceived, and redesigned the architectures and spaces of the condition it calls “chemical modernity.”

“Concentration” has served as a marker of environmentally altered sites, political chemical histories, and cultural institutions. It has also been used as a critical, spatial device that has allowed a complex and perhaps unobserved relation between architecture, environment, chemicals, and artifacts to appear. The studio has asked how toxicity—in all its forms, from

Rocio Crosetto Brizzio Everydayland is a housing project at the center of Magic Kingdom at Disney World Florida. It is a tower for long-term life at the center of Disney’s entertainment.

Everydayland rearranges Disney’s fireworks to engage them as a crucial component of everyday life, while at the same time shifting the chemical dimension of the fireworks from the world of fantasy into the real world—it provides a fantasy and “de-fantasizes” at the same time.

Hyosil Yang This research aims to unveil, interrogate, and specify the entanglement of cultural and chemical concentrations within Hollywood and the U.S. military through its filming of the atomic bomb tests. Hollywood’s secret studio was not just a spectator or passive observer of the atomic bomb experiment but a leading figure in describing the history of atomic bombs and creating images of nuclear bombs.

Columbia GSAPP

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petrochemicals to particulates, and from opiates to air pollution—became a salient and defining feature of our modernity and of our architecture, cities, landscapes, and territories. Toxicities may write themselves into the air, soil, water, and buildings around us, but they also accumulate within myriad systems of representation. With and through concentration, we have asked how to work with toxicity, read not only as environmental tragedy, or as the atmospheric unconscious of modernity, but also as sign and materialization of both culture and contamination.

Qing Hou When living among oil infrastructures becomes unavoidable — whether, for the livelihood of the whole of Los Angeles city or the financial bonding between public schools and oil companies — The Oil High proposes a theme that is based on reality: a high school that searches for a symbiotic relationship between sports/education and oil production.

Reem Makkawi Chroma Counterculture: Paint, Gas & Glitter in Postwar Domestic Interiors is a system of chroma that can apply pigments of various gloss to the interior of a space, without recurring to additives and chemicals that enhance its usage.

A nozzle detail that applies paint in between two window panes hooked to the gas pipe and pulling from vats of color and metallic pigment around the house introduces an intravenous feeding network, and re-thinks the glass detail as the carrier of modernist culture in architecture.

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Advanced Archit Advanced Architecture Studio VI

Columbia GSAPP

Ife Salema Vanable, Andrés Jaque, Miku Dixit

Elie Zeinoun, Gary Bates, Joshua Ramus, William Price, Dan Wood, Eric Bunge, Ivi Diamantopoulou

Magdalena Naydekova, José Esparza Chong Cuy

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Thomas de Monchaux, Stella Betts, Merica Jensen

Hilary Sample, Mario Gooden, Richard Plunz

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Galia Solomonoff, Nicholas Garrison, Ada Tolla, Dominic Kozerski, Lindy Roy, Randy Armas, Pari Agarwal

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Anna Puigjaner, James Wines, Juan Herreros, Kriz Kizak Alessandro Orsini, Benjamin Cadena, Nahyun Hwang, Nina Cooke John, Marc Tsurumaki

Rose Florian, Peter Robinson

Nick McDermott, Annie Barrett, Emily Ruopp, Stephen Cassell

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Jelisa Blumberg, Amina Blacksher, Mabel O. Wilson, Joel Sanders, Chat Travieso

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

<PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE/PUBLIC HEALTH: CAPPING THE CROSS BRONX EXPRESSWAY> Michael Bell with Peter Muennig This studio imagined ways to collaborate and expand the intermarriage of social policy and design intended to re-envision infrastructure that has harmed the well-being of those who are of color or socio-economically disadvantaged. It brought students and faculty from the Mailman School of Public Health together with GSAPP to explore the public health opportunities in capping sections of the Cross Bronx Expressway (CBE). Using the CBE as a case study, this

An Wang, Qiwei Sun This project aims to release the problem of emission and noise experienced by the Hispanic majority community of Parkchester by expanding public space through an interconnected capping park structure over the Cross Bronx Expressway.

Columbia GSAPP

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studio explored the cost-effectiveness of implementing a deck that can host subsequent new parks or other programming. The work began with research already completed that proposed and simulated new capping and decking over the CBE.

MuDong Jung, Junho Lee

Stephanie McMorran

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

<RESET: ARCHITECTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE, AND A CIVILIAN CLIMATE CORPS> David Benjamin In the past year and a half, the entangled crises of a global pandemic, climate change, racial injustice, and income inequality have demonstrated that current systems fail to adequately address the challenges of these times. This studio explored these entanglements and intersections through radical imagination and scalable impact. It looked for opportunities like the unprecedented $3.5 trillion infrastructure plan currently being debated in the U.S. and the historic United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26). It developed strategies

Adeline Chum To meet future federal carbon sequestration, land productivity demands, and the slowing demand for meat, factory meat processing plants and extended cattle feed croplands across the U.S. are converted to community hubs with mycelium production and agroforestry foraging. This project, taking a Tyson meatpacking plant in Walla Walla County as a case study, aims to drastically reduce carbon emissions, reconnect wildlife networks, and provide economically viable and humane work.

Aditi Shetye This project looks at Nigeria as a microcosm of the future African condition of rapid urbanization and proposes the introduction of bioDune sand bricks as a way to sustainably support the construction of the growing urban fabric in the midst of climate change and desertification uncertainty within the Sub Saharan African region.

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such as materials that act as a carbon sink, buildings that are open systems, and an empowered workforce through a Civilian Climate Corps. This studio sought to prototype the buildings and cities of the future.

Anoushae Eirabie RESET: RUBBER recognizes the compounding negative impact monoculture farming has on the environment and the robust carbon sequestration potential of natural rubber and its byproducts.

The project argues for a wider methodological redefinition of sustainability through the design of products and processes that encourage continuous exchange and maintenance while deploying localized methods of cultivation and production.

Shan Li

Bisher Tabbaa A New Vernacular investigates the possibility of scaling rammed earth construction to provide affordable housing with low embodied and operational energy. The pilot project in Amman, Jordan, will set a precedent for countries that are in similar climate zones which will change the global narrative around rammed earth construction in urban settings.

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

<UNDER THE VIADUCT: COMMUNITY WELL-BEING IN BRADHURST, HARLEM> Victor Body-Lawson, Richard Plunz Within this studio, students worked with the Harlem Congregations for Community Improvement (HCCI) on the design development of concept strategies for community well-being. The studio used the HCCI Bradhurst Revitalization reports for Brownfield Opportunity Area (BOA) studies as primary guidelines, which outline detailed considerations evolved from an intensive program of community consultation. The studio engaged with HCCI initiatives for hybrid development connecting new housing with education, jobs, and health initiatives.

Jason Young Kim, Sunghyun Kim NYCHA’s Polo Grounds Towers is a lonely place for 4,000 people with almost no amenities. Yet, the site is full of potential, like almost all big NYCHA developments. With the 155th Street Viaduct on the southern edge, there is an opportunity to have two street levels, bridging the 90-foot height differences between the two levels. Across the street, Rucker Park can be expanded on to further cement its legendary place in basketball culture.

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Henderson Beck Xueyin Lu

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

<THE FUTURE PUBLIC: PUBLIC HOUSING POSSIBILITIES> Stephen Burks This studio addressed the demolition of public housing and the resulting displacement.

It explored solutions to ensure diverse communities remain part of New York’s urban fabric and offer better housing possibilities to low-income tenants free of crime and the stigma of poverty. Students envisioned a radically new future for the existing NYCHA Gowanus Houses housing stock including the redesign of individual units to full building renovations and new site strategies. Students studied existing housing projects and developed scalable solutions

Siye Huang After NYCHA withdrew investment in public housing projects, the communities represented by the site—Gowanus—seemed abandoned.

The buildings began to be damaged, but life still had to go on. Under such circumstances, it is inevitable to learn how to use the surplus space of the community efficiently to create economic value and improve the quality of life of residents. Revive the Community: Remix proposes a feasible funding strategy.

Yingjie Liu

Columbia GSAPP

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that offer a more imaginative, productive, and empathetic response to New York City’s forgotten landscapes of disrepair.

Rory Macfarlane Housing Uncertainty proposes a tartan grid of mass timber, able to adapt to the various conditions on NYCHA’s Gowanus Houses, home to over 2,000 residents. The lightweight and flexible system can deploy along the street wall of the superblocks, extending existing apartments and constructing new infill supportive housing, while preserving existing mature trees and creating positively defined interior yards. Residents are empowered to adapt the framework to their individual and social needs, animating and occupying the facades.

Erxiao Chu

Sarah Abouelkhair

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

<ONE ROCK: FIVE OBSTRUCTIONS> Ivi Diamantopoulou, Jaffer Kolb This studio investigated granite as a social, cultural, and historical system and as a building block of New York City. We considered how granite might respond to a site like Penn Station, a space perpetually adapting to the city’s civic, cultural, and transportation needs. Students worked through an iterative method. Projects developed over a range of trials—from material investigations (tracing one kind of granite), to measured additions (adding 30 tons of material), considering appearance (designing a facade) and performance (varying notions of comfort).

Xiucong Han Granite Memorial/A Civic Corridor is an extension of Penn Station and a civic corridor composed of granite that aspires to bring multiple layers of comfort: multi-directional connections, social gathering, and a historical gallery as well as a library of granite.

Mickaella Pharaon Jonathan Liang

Granite Clouds explores the ephemerality of civic space, the illusion of granite as a lightweight material, the balance between density and airiness, the sculpting of space, and transparency vs. opacity—which allows for different directions to take advantage of the acoustic qualities of the stone—to create a space that is sheltered from chaotic New York City.

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Ultimately, students combined these into one proposal, reflecting an attitude towards civic space and materiality through ecological, material, and historical frameworks.

Adam Vosburgh I chose to explore granite through the consumer culture around granite countertops. Once the countertops were introduced to Penn, the goals of this project were to place a quotidian use of granite next to a monument built out of it, hopefully inviting users to think about the material as a critical reflection of the architecture it adorns.

Yiruo Li

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

<TRANSMUTATION: RECLAMATION AND REPARATION> Mario Gooden This studio examined the reclamation of public space in New York City following the COVID-19 quarantine of spring 2020 and in the aftermath of the murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Although these events revealed issues surrounding race and inequality, the studio investigated the city not as a site of crisis but as a site of cultural production and transmutation. It considered sites of removal, displacement, and pandemic abandonment that were reclaimed by Black, Trans, colored, and marginalized bodies specifically through

Iris Hong Through an iterative process of research and analysis, the mirages of Hudson Yards were identified in three parts: scale, materiality, and program. If Hudson Yards is unequivocally a mirage, how can it be deconstructed and transmutated?

Adrianna Fransz

Farouk Kwaning

Columbia GSAPP

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dance, performance, march, and protest. It studied and engaged specific artistic practices that transmute the material, spatial, temporal, or psychic forms of enclosure in the city to produce “spatial choreographies of liberation” and invent new uses, programs, and forms of visibility.

Keneilwe Ramaphosa The High Line Park acts as a neoliberal tool to support the increase in real estate value and investment in West Chelsea and Hudson Yards. To change this narrative, we must transmute what exists in creating spaces for those inhabitants who are not represented by the park and the surrounding neighborhood. The Third Space is a Center of the Arts for the Liberation of Black Female Bodies.

Alonso Ortega The intervention of this project is at the intersection where bodies are exposed and opened up to spatial absence, those vectors of contact where the eyes and ears are aligned with materials and at the same time lead us to new spatial conditions.

The space of the site is occupied, however, our understanding of the Met Opera, as we can identify it, departs from the conditions of public, private, work, and leisure.

Bodies take things in and put things out, by zeroing in on transgressive moments of romance, tension, experimentation, enhancement of power, and where the body is most destabilized and de-centered from itself.

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Columbia GSAPP

<EXTREME SCALES: SPECULATING NEW FUTURES FOR BODIES, BUILDINGS, AND THE BQE> Laurie Hawkinson The studio began by investigating the recently proposed Infrastructure Framework Plan ratified by the U.S. Senate. This legislation served as a catalyst to research, study, and propose new public programs of equity and transformational change in NYC’s own backyard.

The studio designed new public programs enabled by a pending major infrastructure project: the reconstruction of the 1.5-mile triple-deck Brooklyn Queens Expressway at the Brooklyn Waterfront. It speculated on ways in which these new programs possess a new architecture

Andrew Magnus Cathedral to the MTA seeks to be the city’s new seat for equity in infrastructure decision-making by centering on participatory design. By taking over the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway at the Joralemon street tunnel, new programming as hubs for micromobility and climate-resilient artistry reveals the potential reuse value of car culture’s wasted ruins.

Gustavo Lopez Mendoza

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in every sense of the term. The studio explored and reimagined architecture and its role in shaping public infrastructure projects now and in the future.

Ryan Hansen

Tianyi Zhang The construction of the Brooklyn Queens Expressway (BQE) in 1954 tore the communities on both sides apart and blocked the approach to the waterfront of the residents of Brooklyn Heights. Gathering, Reconnecting, & Gaining Back aims to bridge and reconnect Brooklyn Heights communities to the waterfront and the communities there and gain the views occupied by the luxury condominium back.

Hazel Villena

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

<FLOODING, URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT, AND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN EAST HARLEM> Juan Herreros This studio developed urban and typological corrections on the existing city as a preventive tool for flood threats and heat island effects predicted by reports on the future of urban environments. At the same time, the studio investigated the possibilities of architecture to fight against inequality and environmental injustice, as the most segregated and vulnerable populations in NYC are the ones at greatest environmental risk. The projects focused on a fragment of the consolidated city to activate processes of re-programming, re-densifying,

SeokHyun Kim, Sujin Shim

Rocio Crosetto Brizzio, León Duval, Rubén Gómez Gañán

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re-scaling, and re-signifying. Students imagined the architectural content of living together in the climate change times to keep architecture as a democratic discipline fighting for the best future for all.

Yiheng Lin, Wanting Sun, Lichong Tong

Haoran Xu Several building floors are reconstructed into platforms in Once upon a time in East Harlem, onto which housing groups are inserted to activate provocative modes of living.

Omar Badriek

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

<FORMAL/INFORMAL: MIGRATING CLIMATES IN THE IMMIGRANT CITY> Phu Hoang The studio engaged with immigrant minority communities, analyzing their everyday appropriations and adaptations to formal architecture and infrastructure. Students were tasked with designing for an expanded idea of informal urbanism, focusing on American cities while also rethinking the boundaries between formal and informal. The studio reconceptualized the formal systems of architecture and infrastructure to strengthen informal, or micro, economies and activities.

It created architecture or infrastructure that supports immigrant communities still at risk

Alyna Karachiwala, Estefanía Serrano Soto The I Line focuses on transportation equity for Queens. Many immigrants commute long distances to Queens at hours when most transportation systems are not operational. Our building seeks to support and add to the city’s recycling network, provide infrastructure to local informal businesses, and provide a more reliable transportation alternative for the general public.

Columbia GSAPP

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from a slow pandemic recovery, while also understanding the role of design in mitigating hate crimes and anti-immigration policies. Students designed for two extreme limits of scale, simultaneously at an architectural or infrastructural scale and at a climate or planetary scale.

Bisheng Hong, Jiaying Qu, Yuening Jiang To improve the quality of spaces for elderly immigrants residing in Flushing, we proposed a system along Main Street that provides activities on multiple architectural scales that take advantage of the lot’s narrow and long proportions.

Richard Sa, Zenah Sakaamini, Joyce Zhou “Non-building” architecture is explored through a mesh-andtimber construction that emphasizes the flexibility of co-existence. The typical house accommodates cohabitation of humans and chickens and a community garden interweaves chicken coops alongside human activities. A formerly abandoned building hosts exhibitions and a butcher that follows non-western poultry practices, Halal, Kosher, and non-faith-based meat processing.

The House-Mosque serves as a restaurant and herb garden, engaging both visitors and chickens.

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

<PLEIN AIR II> Nahyun Hwang Acknowledging the complex material and socio-political performance of air, and the intersectional vulnerabilities and agencies compounded in the corporeality of air, this studio explores the architecture of “open” air, both figurative and literal. While often backgrounded and assumed as passively occupying undefined voids, air builds islands, of heat, and alleys, of cancerous fumes, duplicating the enclosures and lines produced elsewhere. Air forges “black snows” of sugar canes on the streets of Pahokee, FL, and morphs into tears, smoke, and mirrors

Zida Liu, Brian Wei-Chun Chou

Hyuein Song, Malvina Mathioudaki

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at the squares and borders across the globe. Innocuously connecting and incessantly shifting, the air is a lifeline and a weapon, and carefully delineated pods and shapey bubbles that might bring “the normal” back. Recognizing air as an elusive yet critical spatial medium, the studio engaged air and the variegated materialities and ideologies of “plein/open air” as shared prompts for this semester’s exploration.

Yefei Guo, Yutong Deng

Eric Chyou, Yi Liang

Advanced Architecture Studio V

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Columbia GSAPP

<UNADAPTED: SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN BROOKLYN ARMORIES> Wonne Ickx Erected during the popularization of the Romanesque Revival, Brooklyn’s armories appear within the city landscape as daunting castles inspired by medieval architecture. As the urban environment around them changes rapidly, they remain as erratic boulders in the landscape, ‘unadapted’ large masses. This studio focused on three of Brooklyn’s armories as a case study and site for intervention through adaptive reuse. It envisioned a new architectural role as open and inviting community space in structures designed to do the opposite. The studio engaged

Novak Djogo, Jules Kleitman

Yunha Choi, Tamim Aljefri

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the concept of the “social condenser” in which contradictory programmatic functions are combined to create new architectural ideas. Within the studio, the idea of ‘unadaptedness’ extended beyond the programmatic aspect to include the spatial, formal, and architectural layering of buildings and cities.

Danlei Yang, Shulong Ren

Livia Calari, Ryan Alexander

Advanced Architecture Studio V

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<UN-DETAILING: AT THE COLLAPSE OF HUMANS’ EXPLOITATION, A STUDIO ON THE POWER OF ARCHITECTURAL PRESCRIPTION> Andrés Jaque Details are complex assemblages of people, industries, practices, and non-human forms of life. At a time when a techno-political paradigm based on exploitation, coloniality, segregation, racism, and anthropocentrism is collapsing, this studio used details as an opportunity for architecture to grow political alternatives by means that are specifically architectural. It used architecture’s power of prescription to accelerate collapse,

Aya Abdallah, Nayef Alsabhan, Osvaldo Delbrey

Columbia GSAPP

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to decolonize, to confront racism, to dissent from anthropocentrism, to allow the entanglement of all forms of life, and to move from exploitation to care and from depletion to cyclability.

Yinlei Pang, Haotong Xia, Qingyang Yu Possibility Maker uses mechanical systems based on the Shed, but on a smaller scale and with different proposals, to unfold publicness as a means for collective emancipation, instead of occupying and privatizing public space.

Yuchen Qiu

Xumin Chen, Bingyu Xia, Yang Lu Jiageng Guo, Yaxin Jiang When the Hudson Yards’ Eastern Train Yard is covered, 150 degrees of heated air from trains accumulates under the platform, while the cooling and maintenance are paid with taxpayers’ money. We propose to remove public funding and initiate a public management of the heat. In the name of heat, the surgical demolition plan starts with excavating the existing air infrastructure and turning privatized air circulation into public circulation, providing 5,000 employment opportunities for the city.

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

<FUTURECURRENT: ENVISIONING EMERGENT ECOLOGIES FOR JAMAICA> Vanessa Keith This studio made the invisible visible and tangible by harnessing virtual reality as an empathy machine.

In the first segment of the studio, students brought to life Jamaica’s potential futures in VR to create immersive experiences that spur positive change. The second part focused on the design of an oceanographic and climate research center along with supporting programs, using VR software to bring experiences at 1:1 scale into the design process. Students worked with Fred M. Jones Estate to create a sustainable eco-community, taking the site and the local community into a more climate-resilient future.

Jinseon Noh, Yuchen Huang

Xinan Tan, Leah Smith

Aahana Banker, Anthea Viloria, Francesca Doumet

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Stella Dai, Xiangru Zhao

Takashi Honzawa, Jo Hee Lee As part of an attempt to diversify Jamaica’s tourist-dependent economy, one that has suffered since the COVID-19 pandemic, this proposal explores the economic, social, and built environment outcomes of developing and advancing a bamboo industry in East-End, Jamaica. The island’s current bamboo-dealings have been limited to paper and small product manufacturing. This proposal looks at expanding that to all stages of the bamboo life-cycle.

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<ENACTING OUR ENVIRONMENTAL ENTANGLEMENTS: INNOVATION-RENOVATION AT THE COLUMBIA CLIMATE SCHOOL’S LAMONT-DOHERTY EARTH OBSERVATORY> Jorge Otero-Pailos, Mark Rakatansky This studio proposed an investigation into the ways design can visibly enact our own and its own environmental entanglements through the design of a carbon-zero interpretative commons-building and the adaptive reuse of the original manor house for the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. The fundamental lessons of ecological understanding have made evident these entangled interrelations between species and their environment in terms of behavioral,

Ana Paola Hernández Derbez Jianing Wei

Columbia GSAPP

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energetic, and informational exchanges. This studio proposed environments that spatialize these relational circulations of mediated environmental matter (air, water, waste), energies (structural and thermal loads), and information (among the scientists and with the visiting public).

Andres Julian Alvarez-Davila Cara DePippo

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<SENSORY PUBLICS> Bryony Roberts This studio approached sensation from an intersectional perspective, learning from discourses of disability justice and intersectional feminism to see individuals’ experiences as specific and situated in time and place. It furthermore addressed sensation through an intersectional approach to neurodiversity as entangled with systemic inequities tied to conceptions of race, gender, and sexuality. Using these complex, situated approaches, the studio explored how architectural design produces both sensory environments and frameworks for social interaction.

Jialu Deng The gradient pipe structure is designed to create different sensory environments such as active spaces (pink area) and quiet spaces (blue area) for children along the side of the park.

Yining Lai

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Students experimented with material, color, light, sound, texture, and orientation to widen the range of sensory conditions in architectural space. Blurring the boundaries between interior and exterior, domestic and public, the student projects investigated how a range of immersive environments can change expectations for individual and social experiences in the public realm.

Hao Zhong Weaving Under reimagines this under-utilized void space at Henry Hudson Parkway and develops a new urban park typology that can be adapted to other places. The space under the viaduct is divided into three major zones: sports, sensory play, art, and performance.

Alexa Greene

Ben Fox

Advanced Architecture Studio V

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Columbia GSAPP

<ISLAND> Bernard Tschumi This studio embraces an apparent impossibility: How can architecture simultaneously address issues that are beyond its scope and turn them into creative interventions? Architecture has been confronted with natural and human-driven disasters starting with the earliest civilizations, yet such constraints have often led to some of the greatest works as extreme difficulty spurs innovation. For the studio, students speculated futures for a new island planned on the Hudson River between Canal Street and 135th Street. Looking to Little

Ece Cetin, Han Kuo, Zhanhao Fan The Lung is a factory, museum, and purifier of air. Facing various underlying urban disasters, it prepares the city for potential air catastrophes while healing from damage. The mechanisms of oxygen production are demonstrated across scales through spatial experiences at The Lung, as the visitors participate and encounter the process of making breathable air.

Rourke Brakeville, Yuhong Li, Shikang Ding

Abstract 2022

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Island’s revival of an existing programmatic typology for the city, the projects proposed a comparable architectural equivalent for experimental space.

Muyu Wu, Peicong Zhang, Karen Wan Jia Chen The Unburnt Forest intertwines the use of fire in a biomass plant with experiential and exhibition spaces.

Fire is no longer seen as a danger but rather a catalyst for creation, allowing for the coexistence of fire and forest.

Risa Mimura, Zihan Sun, Haozhen Yang, Enfeng Xie

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Advanced Architecture Studio V

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<CULTURAL MATTER: MATERIAL ECONOMIES, SPECULATIVE REUSE, AND A NEW ARTS INFRASTRUCTURE FOR NYC> Marc Tsurumaki This studio considered the forelives and afterlives of constructed artifacts and the long-term impacts of systems of extraction, manufacture, demolition, and disposal. It revalued this discarded matter as a vital resource and productive constraint. Amplifying the potential of new material economies and logics of re-use, the projects imagined recombinant spatial, tectonic, and programmatic assemblages that engage the uncertainties of the Anthropocene.

Ata Gün Aksu, Ethan Davis Tasked with creating a cultural center that embraced material reuse, Greetings from Gowanus opted to extract the abundant amount of sludge from the canal to be used as a material to form bricks. These “sludge bricks” would then be fired and used to assemble a self-supporting Catalan brick vault structure that beckons back to the canal’s industrial past of brick factories, while ushering in a new future of sustainability.

Minghan Lin Staten Island Art Center & Artist Residence aims to reutilize these large abandoned or disused infrastructural pieces and reassemble them in a new architectural form, enabling them to fulfill their original promises of providing community facilities. The building is seen as a reassembly of made elements instead of a new construction of materials.

Columbia GSAPP

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Proposing new forms of cultural infrastructure in the form of a new network of Arts Resource Centers, the projects acted as a shared resource for the fragile arts ecosystem, engaging diverse forms of artistic practice, new conceptions of community space, and emergent logics of architectural and material reuse.

Jialun Talia Li, Alexa U Kei Long Above and Under is a mixed-use complex that reuses a common but soon-to-be outdated typology: warehouse. The design aims to reveal creative production processes that are usually hidden behind walls without aperatures.

Yong Yoeb Kim

Juno Lee

Advanced Architecture Studio V

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Columbia GSAPP

<URBAN FUTURES/FUTURE ARCHITECTURES USA 5.0: POST-PLANTATION FUTURES> Mabel O. Wilson This studio examined the plantation as an evolving typological model and discursive form to understand, undermine, explicate, and complicate the mechanics and techniques of enclosure that structure everyday life. Students studied the form and logics of plantations to develop a lexicon for its various components and dispositions and utilized the terms collected to examine the persistence of the plantation logic in various publicly and privately owned sites around the city. The studio also documented spaces and instances, “double agents,”

Gene Han, Sonny Han The towers of Hudson Yards are built with elevators that sit high atop the accumulated pile of capital extracted from the residents of the city by the partnership of the developers and the government.

This wrongdoing of the developers and the government to the residents of the city, thus, shall be repatriated through the inverse of this logic—a kind of a de-elevator, which, instead of replicating the ground and elevating them above, condenses the individualized floors and brings them back to the public ground; instead of hiding behind, it confronts the mirrored enclosure of the façade.

Lucia Song, Abriannah Aiken In recognition that the Cross-Bronx continues to sit on unceded Munsee Lenape territory, we take cues from Indigenous knowledge systems to re-establish that humans are not separate from nor conquerors of the land. To return agency back to the earth in a context of hypercapitalism, our process dismantles the highway and slowly turns it back to shared spaces juxtaposing constructed and grown landscapes.

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where the systems of enclosure are subverted, resisted, and refused. These spatial protocols became foundational to ideas surrounding how these sites could be transformed over time for a post plantation future.

Meissane Kouassi, Reem Makkawi Habit Habitat Habitus: Central Park Futures proposes a disruptive policy of public park stewardship with a park-view tax, removing the need for private management and freeing up the land for the public— a post-plantation future of deterritorialization, symbiosis, and utter blending between the humans and non-humans of Central Park.

Max Goldner, Kylie Walker MoPA: Museum of Public Art reclaims the ground floor of MoMA for the public, and for public art.

Anticipating MoMA’s next move to expand and accumulate more of their block, MoPA is born out of protest and stagnation.

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Advanced Archit Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

Lindsey Wikstrom, Emanuel Admassu, Nahyun Hwang, Mabel O. Wilson, Felicity D. Scott

Marc Tsurumaki

Benjamin Cadena, Lindsay Harkema, Bryony Roberts

Kate Reggev, Mimi Hoang, Alessandro Orsini, Wonne Ickx, David Benjamin

Fall

tecture Studio V Abstract 2022

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Benjamin Cadena, David Eugin Moon, Emanuel Admassu, Reinhold Martin, Galen Pardee, Andrés Jaque, Benedict Clouette, Nahyun Hwang

Valeria Paez Cala, Victor Body-Lawson, Ivi Diamantopoulou, Eric Bunge, Mark Rakatansky

2021

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Advanced Archit Advanced Architecture Studio V

Columbia GSAPP

Wonne Ickx, Phu Hoang, Nahyun Hwang

Laurie Hawkinson

Lindy Roy, Jerome Haferd

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tecture Studio V Abstract 2022

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Shachi Pandey, Malcolm A. Punter, Adam Lubinsky

Richard Plunz, Victor Body-Lawson, Jeroen Stevens, Richard Gonzalez, Sherill Henry, Marie Christine Dimitri, Lucy Navarro

Mario Gooden, Mabel O. Wilson, Leah Meisterlin

2021

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Advanced Architectural Design

Columbia GSAPP

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M.S. Advanced Architectural Design Andrés Jaque, Dean and Program Director The Master of Science in Advanced Architectural Design (MSAAD) degree at Columbia GSAPP is a three-term program consisting of summer, fall, and spring semesters. It provides an ecosystem where leading voices in the field of architectural practice and outstanding young professionals—who hold a Bachelor of Architecture or Master of Architecture degree— together explore architecture as a crucial player in the evolution of major contemporary modes of defiance.

The program has long been a site for architects from around the globe to test concepts and confront changes that affect architecture, cities, and territories worldwide.

Utilizing an environmental paradigm, the program serves as a cauldron for rigorously-curated pluralism, where faculty and students work together on six areas of knowledge and action: 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Rendering technological ­systems accountable.

The architecture of the climate crisis.

Modes of environmental engagement.

Materiality as a territorial practice.

Interspecies relationships and nonanthropocentric otherness.

Design for social inclusivity.

The articulation of offline and online interaction.

Decolonizing geopolitical design.

The program pairs a set of required studios with elective courses that are shared with other programs in the School, promoting interdisciplinary transferences and collaborations.

Furthermore, by extending beyond the Columbia University campus into the urban matrix, New York City becomes the milieu where the MSAAD is installed, making the program a learning experience that not only uses New York as its principal case study, but is enacted in direct participation with the rich network of laboratories, research centers, design agencies, organizations, and independent practices that the city concentrates together.

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Advanced Architectural Design

102 <THE ART OF POETIC ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE> Yussef Agbo-Ola

This studio aimed to design poetic architectural public structures that stimulate environmental awareness through perceptual and environmental sensations. It questioned what architecture is and how it can be considered through silence (to observe) and decay (to transform). Based on the current state of our climatic and geological weather conditions, the studio examined new ways of understanding the role of the architect and spatial poetics that rethink our environmental relationships. The aim was to expand the mental ecology in relation

Yefei Guo

Ying Cheng

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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to environmental poetics and conceptual or symbolic design, while questioning the importance of this as a collective.

Ziyi Wang

Se Lim Jung By using a mix of materials that decompose at different rates, people will be likely to observe different parts of the building transformed at different rates. I want users to pay attention to the process of returning the building to nature, rather than recognizing that the entire building has collapsed.

Advanced Architectural Design

104 <EXTRACTIVE TASKSCAPES> Jorge Ambrosi, Gabriela Etchegaray

This studio began with an investigation on mineral extraction. The output included atlases, cartographic models, analytic assemblages, and image- and text-based premises that explored the territory, its actors, the processes, and routes that are undertaken in the abstraction to ore products. Students then identified hyper-instruments whose outputs included the development of catalogues, drawings, timelines, and physical props that trace the manifestation of the agendas and intentions that fuel the aforementioned processes as a curatorial

Hao-Yeh Lu This research on Penasqutio Mine, the world’s largest silver mine in Mexico, intends to reveal the invisible driving behind-the-scenes forces, including the colonial silver mining history of Mexico, the mechanism of a predatory mining company, and the dimensions of the Machinery Extractive Taskscape.

Devansh Mehta

Columbia GSAPP

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experiment with clear proposal and topic that delimited the investigation. Finally, students assessed and designed mediums with which to model and manipulate the territories and processes of extraction.

Gloria Zhu, Risa Mimura

Janice Yuan Chen, Denise Zhenting Jiang Health at the Cost of Health envisions an oxygen bar that returns mineral products and their advanced uses to miners and their families’ daily lives, through activities such as breathing, eating, and socializing.

Advanced Architectural Design

106

Columbia GSAPP

<REMIX> Eric Bunge, Mimi Hoang For this studio, students developed work that aimed to transform a charged site in Jackson Heights, Queens, into a 50/50 mix of building and public open space, serving an under-served community heavily impacted by COVID-19. They drew inspiration from art practices to intervene within an existing fabric, by looking curiously and very carefully at what is already there—and who is already there—and intervening in a nimble and yet profoundly impactful way, both on the social and physical aspects of the site. The studio approached design as a remix:

Tianyuan Deng Located at a traffic junction, this intervention serves as an armature for multiple activities, both indoor and outdoor, private and public.

Yunlong Fan, Yukun Tian We employ bookshelves in our architecture language as a device for forging connections. They introduce a new mode of interaction between indoor and outdoor environments.

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a playful and yet serious practice that samples, entangles, and interferes with both existing conditions and wider contexts.

Yusuf Urlu, Fang Wan Foodropolis proposes a mixture of whole food ecology and multi-functional urban spaces by expanding the existing transportation infrastructure into green infrastructure.

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Advanced Architectural Design

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<(A)CCLIMATIZING NATURES OR HOW TO INTERVENE WITH/IN THEM> Nerea Calvillo How is nature adapting to climate change? Which species are acclimatizing, migrating, or disappearing in these changing conditions? The studio explored climate/s as situated weather conditions with their natural, social, political, and cultural entanglements; and explored critical vocabularies around climate change. It considered Nature (capitalized) a social construct, and explored how each construct informs specific forms of action; as well as the potential of living with/in specific natures (uncapitalized and multiple).

Gabriela Junqueira Franco, Pabla Amigo Delving into the contradictions of how Thomas Edison, Henry Ford, and Harvey Firestone experienced nature in a series of camping trips while promoting the automobile as the main facilitator for human interaction with wildlife, Unlocking Wildness liberates the Edisoniana— the hybridized goldenrod plant named after Edison, to undo the effects of the car industry by creating a scenario that provides conditions to increase nonhuman habitat in the city.

Ralph Cheng, Sunghyun Kim, Sujin Shim

Columbia GSAPP

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In this context, the studio focused on who and what migrates because of environmental or social climates, and who has the capacity, the favourable climate(s), or the chance to acclimatize to changing conditions.

Mia Mulic

Kshama Daftary

Rocio Crosetto Brizzio, Ana Paola Hernández Derbez The Declaration of Independence of “The Toxic”: Transfusions for an Interspecies Alliance between Pokeweed and People Living with HIV and COVID-19 Viruses is a pokeweed acclimatizer, which brings together two species— Pokeweeds and Humans—to collaborate and help each other through transfusions of their chemical body fluids.

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Advanced Architectural Design

<BEACH LAB> Tei Carpenter In collaboration with the Mastic Beach Conservancy, this studio used the design of an Ecology and Arts Center—a living beach laboratory—to explore questions of site, material, and environment.

Mastic Beach exists at sea level and occupies an edge between water and ground and is a coastal community in flux. The temporal and experiential dynamics of this environment guide a multiscalar design framework that foregrounds care, maintenance and education about climate adaptation and cultural resiliency. The studio engaged with issues of access, climate and social justice, and

Veeris Vanichtantikul, Liang-Yu Lin

Ali ElSinbawy, Joel McCullough

Qiwei Sun, Zhichen Gong Land Buoy proposes the “eating cycle” as a method of revitalization, transforming the community from a food desert into an attractive destination. The eating cycle consists of four stages: foraging, cooking, eating, and digesting. Each includes various activities that occur on-site.

Columbia GSAPP

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empowerment for the local community which was severely inundated by Superstorm Sandy in 2012 and continues to experience the storm’s economic and ecological impact.

Michelle Clara, Jenifer Tello

Benjamin Akhavan, Mariami Maghlakelidze Didactic Scalar Ecology is an ecosculpture park and museum that, instead of idealizing the landscape, presents the site and all its entanglements as they exist.

Advanced Architectural Design

112

<FORD FOUNDATION FUNDED: INSTITUTIONAL OPERATIONS IN A DEVELOPABLE WORLD> Rosana Elkhatib, Gabrielle Printz Students engaged in collaborative research and mixed representational methods to track the circulation of philanthropic capital through complex organizational forms of institutions like the Ford Foundation into the so-called “developing world.” The work of the studio consisted in bifocal analysis of the private foundation at-large and its spaces of influence through careful study of a selected Ford-funded project, historical or contemporary.

Bisheng Hong

Aikaterini Papoutsa Using the Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation (MDRC) publications archive, I commented on important facts concerning adolescent mothers and how Project Redirection seeks to guide them through the creation of specific mechanisms, such as a community of women, in a booklet.

The booklet provides a critique of the program through commentary and highlighted phrases. It also highlights the Sisterhood of Black Single Mothers program in the analysis and draws a comparison with the Sister to Sister program.

Columbia GSAPP

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Through this process, the studio identified opportunities for multiscalar interventions that can address or disrupt the interplay between benefactor and beneficiary, American wealth and global poverty, private and public, social problems, and their technical solutions.

Emily Ruopp By blocking vehicular access, covering the grandeur of Modernism, and opening the back side of Lincoln Center to its divided neighbor, the NYCHA Amsterdam Housing Projects, this intervention will seek to restore public welfare through mutual aid support groups and expose the violence committed to San Juan Hill residents.

Konstantina Marinaki Hacking Philanthropy explores the role of the Ford Foundation and its trustees in the so-called “developing world” and, more specifically, in Nigeria after the country’s independence with the creation and funding of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA).

Advanced Architectural Design

114 <A NEW AMERICAN INDEX> Marco Ferrari

This studio focused on the mapping of large-scale infrastructures across North America as a way to expose the relationships between the managerial view on ecologies, the climate crisis, and practices of dispossession towards indigenous people, rural and urban marginalised communities, and future generations. A series of individual atlases was produced, forming a collective, hyper-accurate portrait of the current

Hyuein Song Negative By-product Systems takes a closer look into how municipal solid waste (MSW) is sealed from our senses and displaced territorially.

Columbia GSAPP

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state of the North-American territory, that mediated the understanding of how material and immaterial systems of extraction have been reconfiguring natural ecosystems over the course of the past century.

Farah Alkhoury Archipelago of U.S. Borders interrogates the infrastructure of the U.S. Defense Industrial Base to expose the contemporary scale of its military operations and the environments it occupies and co-produces.

Faisal Alohali Sustainability of Sustainable Development explores possible paths towards the net-zero carbon emissions goal set for the U.S. by President Biden and the Department of Energy.

Advanced Architectural Design

116

Columbia GSAPP

<HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURES FOR THE COUNTERCOLLAPSE> Ignacio G. Galán This studio aimed to contribute to the development of modes of architecture practice that respond to the collapse of the welfare state in the U.S. Rather than operating in the ruins left behind by the increasing dismantling of assistance programs and support networks, it designed infrastructures for a countercollapse. In the past, states pursued the well-being of society through institutions that excluded many populations from the community including housing collectives that were deemed in need of repair,

Xiangru Zhao, Xumin Chen, Zheng Yin

Abriannah Aiken, Ruben Dario Gomez Ganan, Shikang Ding Through upending hierarchical healthcare structures, the expansion of spaces of commoning, and the mobilization of care, we visualize a future with equitable access to networks of normalized assistance for all people.

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rehabilitation, supervision, or isolation. Countering those exclusions, the studio explored modes of coexistence, care, and assistance in the community and amplified feminist, queer, anti-racist, and anti-ableist sensibilities.

Haotong Xia, Tianran Li, Chenxi Dong The goal of this intervention is to create a new mode of elderly care that counters the medicalization of old residents, establishes a network of accessibility, builds a more friendly environment for vulnerable groups, and celebrates new forms of kinship outside the disrupted family network.

Daniela Beraún, Chiun Heng Chou, Bingyu Xia NY-City Camps connects organizations’ afternoon programming throughout the city in a network accessible to kids regardless of where they attend school.

Advanced Architectural Design

118

<A GREAT LOUDREADING IS IN THE MAKING. BUT NO ONE HAS NOTICED> Cruz García, Nathalie Frankowski This studio focused on the construction of a series of animated narrative architectures (storyboards, comic strips, animations, manifestos) that explore the great Loudreading events boiling inside the cauldrons of capitalist production and accumulation before they are about to spill back into the streets. These moments of solidarity and tension capture in the speculative imagination many alternative models of education and how they relate to the construction of an architecture of rebellious emancipation at different scales.

Sophia Le

Yingying Zhou Pathfinder-Worker-Wanderer Chinese artists are always exploring and being expelled.

Are there any possibilities for Chinese artists’ settlements in art districts that belong to the artists?

Could there be a home?

For everyone?

Everywhere?

Anytime?

Let’s witness this chaotic and unstoppable Loudreading in 798 Art District together!

Columbia GSAPP

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Ruijing Sun Aahana Banker Francis Tsui

120

Advanced Architectural Design

Columbia GSAPP

<ACCESSIBILITY> Laura González Fierro The studio provided a space to re-think the concept of accessibility. It investigated ways of dealing with limits, divisions, and ruptures within the urban fabric of Sunset Park’s waterfront and transforming the environment of the Brooklyn Army Terminal. It used design as a way to transform conditions of exclusion into possibilities of building community.

What are strategies to reach wider, multicultural, and multilingual audiences in the immediate neighborhoods? How is this ideal of accessibility implemented in the Brooklyn Army Terminal?

Han Kuo

Ata Gün Aksu

Radha Devang Kamdar This design plugs into the existing Brooklyn Army Terminal site and preserves its historical importance while making the spaces more active and lively.

Abstract 2022

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How can a community resonate and thrive from this local manufacturing hub?

Yining Lai

Rushdan Majumder Light, Fish, Local takes into account previously inaccessible elements of the Brooklyn Army Terminal and introduces three elements to the site: natural light, fish markets, and flea markets.

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Advanced Architectural Design

122 <BORDERLAND BIOSTRUCTURES> Ersela Kripa, Stephen Mueller

The studio addressed the impact of the biosecurity regime in the production of (trans)national identities, architectural space, and technosocial realities at the U.S.-Mexico border.

At the border, public, private, and military actors are enlisted in coordinated biosecurity efforts in the name of the preservation of public health and biopolitical sovereignty.

Everyday travel across the international boundary subjects bodies to invasive inspection and dangerous decontamination procedures. The studio interrogated the borderland biosecurity

Xinan Tan The goals of this project are to use geoengineering techniques to modify the soil and to employ architectural interventions that can improve living standards.

Wanqi Sun

Columbia GSAPP

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regime at three scales: the territories of transnational biosecurity, the infrastructures of borderland bioengineering, and the technologies of biosurveillance.

Zenah Sakaamini

Jonathan Liang Circle of Life seeks to establish a community and a community land trust that is friendly to old age and medical conditions from the discarded cycles of society and the built environment, starting with a monument covering a PPE-toenergy pyrolysis system.

124

Advanced Architectural Design

<HAWAI’I NON-LINEAR: AT SEA> Dominic Leong, Sean Connelly This studio is part of an ongoing project to radically re-imagine the future for architecture in Hawai‘i. It explores a trans-scalar and trans-temporal approach to understand an indigenous concept of ground (‘āina) as the basis to interrupt existing U.S. urbanism through a network of pedagogical sites (hālau) for indigenous knowledge (‘ike) at an architectural scale. It aims to empower indigenous Hawaiian knowledge and the local ecologies of guardianship (ahupua‘a) in a way that Mary Pukui described as “utilizing the resources of sustenance to a maximum.”

Francesca Doumet, Iris Hong, Nanjia Jiang

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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Following research on Hawaiian culture, social justice issues, and indigenous knowledge, the studio designed a “living memorial” operating among a constellation of pedagogical sites, or “academies for ahupua‘a recovery.”

Siye Huang, Kan Lin, Yunha Choi This project opposes American urbanism and reconstructs Hawaiian spirit and identity by taking measures for repatriation.

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126

Advanced Architectural Design

<FEMINIST TECHNOSCIENCE: DESIGN FOR REPRODUCTION, MOTHERHOOD, AND GENDER EQUITABLE FUTURES> Ani Liu What is the role of design in creating more gender equitable futures? How is sexism propagated through technological media, and how does scientific research produce and reinforce concepts of gender? This studio investigated how scientific and technological media shape culture and society particularly through the lens of gender and sexuality. Engaging in interdisciplinary design, this studio used various technological media to reflect on the social, political,

Zhanhao Fan

Marie Christine Dimitri, Anthea Viloria

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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and ethical domains of technoscientific feminism. It redesigned certain iconic objects including but not limited to: the breast pump, pregnancy test, birthing rooms, lactation rooms, chest feeding kits, menstruation products, birth control, artificial wombs, maternity wear, car seats, incubators.

Jingrou Zhao

Hemila Rastegar-Aria Stella Dai, Lewei Wang This project liberates women’s bodies by transitioning individual motherhood duties into a collective responsibility.

Advanced Architectural Design

128 <GO WILD> Michael Loverich, Antonio Torres

With exuberance, the studio conflated multiple threads of research to propose wild ecosystems for a NYC block. While an urban block could be considered an ecosystem, its strict order, rules, and organization prevent it from being self-sustaining and it is a far cry from being wild.

We see the wild as an emerging trend for healthy bodies, ecosystems, and the planet. To apply these concepts architecturally, the studio analyzed the relationship between ecosystems and cities and the types of representation that have shaped their aesthetics and management.

Kai Wang This is a sci-fi architectural prototype. When the skin and flesh of an alien creature is combined with calcified geology, a wild ecosystem occurs both inside and outside of the organism.

Yu-Jun Yeh This project is about wildness and sanity, urban and nature, human and non-human; it’s about architecture as an enclosure. Architecture, as an enclosure, separates wildness and alien ecosystems from the urban condition (NYC) while, at the same time, enabling coexistence. Wildness in this project appears alongside a strictly controlled system—wild grass bursts from the concrete pavement.

Columbia GSAPP

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By working with theories of rewilding and permaculture, the studio entangled this history while walking on the wild side of architectural ideas.

Wan-Hsuan Kung

Sanober Khan This project rethinks cemeteries such that they are not just gated spaces for the dead but also public spaces, conceptualized with urban forests as a starting point. Above ground, one enters the site into a forest-like environment with natural trees. Walking further brings them to the burial site, a series of earth mounds held together by synthetic trees. The design employs the practice of natural burials and human composting, and the mounds are dotted with spore pods that support synthetic life.

Fahad Al Dughaish

130

Advanced Architectural Design

<SPECULATIVE CITY: FLUSHING CORONA MEADOWS (POST-20)> David Eugin Moon The studio outlined changes in the discourse and practice of architecture following the seminal events of 2020 and their influences on speculative architecture and urbanism. The years leading up to 2020 were compounded by disrupted economies, contested political grounds, and increasing realizations in climate change that culminated in social and political turmoil—instigated in part by a global pandemic and racial injustices. As a point of inflection, the studio studied architecture in the wake of these seminal moments as an opportunity for transformation

Studio

Malavika Madhuraj, Keon Hee Lee

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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of the typical processes in architecture and urbanism, and questioned equity in public and shared realms, top-down and bottom-up social hierarchies, and other norms.

Renee Gao, Mu Dong Jung Sited in Corona Flushing Meadows Park, Multi-Climate Futures reclaims vast green spaces as a large-scale farming system using climatized pavilions to house a diverse array of fruit and vegetable species that otherwise cannot grow in the subtropical climate of New York.

An Wang, Mark Melita Kantai

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Advanced Architectural Design

<UNSETTLED LANDSCAPES: CIVIC-SACRED COEXISTENCE AS DESIGN ACTIVISM> Karla Rothstein In cities and in landscapes, building, growth, erasure, and reconstruction are continually unfolding and reshaping the environment. Palimpsests delete and accrue, with uneven layers of time, memories, technologies, politics, and social agency contouring and recontouring the environment. Death makes palpable our relationships to the past and the future.

Each remembrance is reconstructed in the present, rewriting histories and intertwining place with memory. As opposed to cementing memorials, or edifying power, remembrance

Jindian Fu, Yuanming Ma, Tian Yao

Jiyong Chun, Sungmin Kim

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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is evanescent, evolving with time and perspective. Now is a time for reevaluation and transformative intervention. This studio engaged the city with optimistic, multi-scalar attention, scaffolding spaces where humans and other species thrive.

Yuedong Lin, Frank Shengmian Wang, Hyosil Yang Harmony Grounds seeks to transform traditional spaces of death and grieving into spaces of life and reflection by integrating remains into a soft modular infrastructure system to generate a revitalized landscape.

Seonggeun Adam Hur

Advanced Architectural Design

134

Columbia GSAPP

<HOUSEFAIL> Dan Wood, Nuar Alsadir, Maurizio Mattioli This studio utilized techniques of looking inward to unlock creative potential in the design of a private house. It is an experimental house that attempts to move beyond the “dream house” to one that embodies a broader range of subconscious actions, desires, emotions, gestures, and elements. Students embarked on a journey that may have failed. Indeed, the studio embraced failure as a distinct possibility. It explored the essence of the creative act, with its origins in the often hidden “inner child” who is not afraid to do or say things that might be

Eric Chyou

Ye Xu

Erxiao Chu

Abstract 2022

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considered ugly or unconventional or even foolish. As Chekhov wrote, “Don’t be afraid to show yourself foolish; we must have freedom of thinking, and only he is an emancipated thinker who is not afraid to write [design] foolish things.”

Meichen Wang

Yueyang Wang The design of this building doesn’t use traditional columns and walls for its structure. Instead, earth melts into and intertwines with the architecture.

Advanced Architectural Design

136 <THE LEAST WE CAN DO> Emmett Zeifman

The studio began from a loose, and intuitive, analogy. As the late-19th and early-20th century architecture of the industrial economy was to the culture and urbanism of late capitalism, so will the late 20th century architecture of the service economy be to whatever comes next.

If formerly industrial “lofts” were at the heart of the “revival” of urban centers in recent decades, first as sites of cultural experimentation and then as vectors of commodification and gentrification, office parks and other suburban and exurban architectural types will

Lichong Tong Studio

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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be at the center of the inevitable transformation of the vast areas surrounding those urban centers. In their programmatic afterlife, what possibilities might emerge from the spatial and material framework that this architecture provides?

Zihan Xiao, Timlok Li Suburban Intimacy proposes a new housing typology that provides a more urban and collective organization in the site.

Abdelrahman Albakri This project redefines solar trackers by providing significant advantages of renewable energy. With solar tracking, power output can be increased 30–40%. This increase promises to open new markets for solar power.

138

Advanced Archi

Yussef Agbo-Ola (Studio Critic), Ibiye Camp, Ava Watson, Inés Cámara Leret, Maria Lina Ramirez ’22 MSAAD, Andy Wen ’21 MSAAD. Work by April Yefei Guo.

Nerea Calvillo (Studio Critic), Ralph Hao-Yuan Cheng ’22 MSAAD, Sunghyun Kim ’22 MSAAD, Sujin Shim ’22 MSAAD, Ersela Kripa, David Gissen, Jesse LeCavalier, Xiaoxi Chen, Jinxia Lou ’21 MSAAD, Cheng Shen ’21 MSAAD, Jialu Deng ’22 MSAAD, Orit Halpern. Work by Ralph Hao-Yuan Cheng, Sunghyun Kim, Sujin Shim.

Advanced Architectural Design

Columbia GSAPP

Antonio Torres and Michael Loverich (Studio Critics), Nate Hume, Sean Lally, Ebrahim Poustinchi, Cristina Goberna Pesudo, Lydia Kallipoliti, Nora Fadil ’22 MSAAD, Adrianna Fransz ’22 MSAAD, Kennedy Van Trump ’22 MSAAD. Work by Nora Fadil.

Summer

itectural Design Abstract 2022

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Eric Bunge and Mimi Hoang (Studio Critics), Lyn Rice, Kyounghwa Lee ’22 MSAAD, Yingjie Liu ’22 MSAAD, Ece Cetin ’22 MSAAD, Yunlong Fan ’22 MSAAD, Daisy Ames, Enrique Walker, Yukun Tian ’22 MSAAD, Jing Liu, Jason Young Kim ’22 MSAAD.

Laura González Fierro (Studio Critic), Julian Palacio, Richard Sa ’22 MSAAD, Donald Matheson, Ata Gün Aksu ’21 MSAAD. Work by Richard Sa.

2021

Sean Connelly and Dominic Leong (Studio Critics), Kan Lin, Iris Hong ’22 MSAAD, Francesca Doumet ’22 MSAAD, Chris Leong, Kurt Cheang ’22 MSAAD, Nanjia Jiang ’22 MSAAD, Zida Liu ’22 MSAAD, Stephanie Choi, Mario Gooden, Nathalie Frankowski, Yunha Choi ’22 MSAAD, Siye Huang ’22 MSAAD, Anna Puigjaner, Cruz Garcia.

Work by Iris Hyeon Jin Hong and Nanjia Jiang.

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Advanced Architecture Studio IV

Columbia GSAPP

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Advanced Architecture Studio IV Ziad Jamaleddine The Advanced Architecture Studio IV framework looks at the varied scales of the environment through the lens of a specific geographic context.

During the Spring 2022 semester, all studios focused on the “rural” geography of upstate New York, unpacking its environmental and religious history and its relationship to the city of New York.

Each of the eight studios defined a unique set of territorial boundaries and sites, resulting in a range of investigations that reconsidered the relationship between architecture and “nature.”

The studios examined and speculated on: agriculture and food production sites, extractive, infrastructural, and logistical sites; lumber forests; state and national parks; manmade and natural bodies of water; Native American reservations; and settlements formed by intentional communities.

This year, the Advanced Architecture Studio IV also addressed the questions of religiosity in the construction of the rural/urban divide by critically unpacking the history of the territorial distribution, self-organization, and settlement patterns of early European religious communities in the Northeastern United States.

This framework offered the studios the opportunity to uncover and advance the rituals and spatial practices of minority groups as potential models of resistance to an increasingly commodified and fragmented countryside.

Students engaged in rigorous quantitative and qualitative research, while also engaging directly with the representatives of several minority communities throughout the semester.

This research entailed mapping exercises, experimentation with renewable materials and construction methods, testing innovative remediation strategies, manipulating topographic terrain, exploring water flows and water holdings strategies, studying the impact of seasonal cycles on built forms, and challenging students to pursue design strategies that operated at multiple scales. Touching on issues of social organization, biocultural heritage, environmental racism, and questions of the sacred and the profane, the “rural” became an incubator for communal spiritual formation and care, and for environmental stewardship.

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<SITES OF MEMORY, SITES OF SANCTUARY> Nina Cooke John How do architects make visible sites of refuge that were meant to be hidden; sites of evidence of exploited labor both past and present; and the sites of sanctuary where fugitives found protection, a community, and a place of sanctity? In this studio, students created a memorial sited within the environs of the New Guinea settlement, the site of an archaeological dig in Hyde Park, NY. Grounded in this site that holds the evidence of a prosperous community of freed enslaved people, the studio designed a collection of spaces that unearthed

Chi Chi Wakabayashi, Jacqueline Pothier

Wenjing Tu

Columbia GSAPP

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the history of sites of refuge in the Hudson Valley. These spaces became a place of sanctuary, sanctifying the land on which it sits while naming the unspoken and providing a safe space for all who seek it.

Daniel Chang Idyllic Erasure project imposes a plane of wheat, both a bucolic symbol and a common product of slavery in Hudson Valley, on the landscape of the early 19th century free black settlement New Guinea.

This overbearing plane is perforated revealing glimpses of the stories and the more organic organization below.

Lucas Pereira, Jonghoon Park Embedded Sanctuaries provides sanctuary for undocumented families through the expansion of the site’s existing camping infrastructure, referencing the historical axial quality of Freedonia lane. The design presents a network of programs with different seasonal qualities alongside the historical path which are linked conceptually and programmatically by birding paths that weave through the park.

Advanced Architecture Studio IV

144 <SANCTUARIES> Nahyun Hwang

The second iteration of the “Sanctuaries” studio continued to explore the multitudinous manifestations of the term and its socio-political and spatial architecture within the R/Urban territory. Originating from the religiopolitical zone of “sanctuarium” in the ancient city-states, the contemporary appellation sanctuary came to mean the ground of generosity and protection, and the space of exception and escape at once. Hosting the spaces of privileged leisure and the invisiblized immigrant community and migrant workers at once, and simultaneously populated by

Carley Pasqualotto, Chiao Dongxiao Yang

Min Soo Jeon, Phoenix Tianxu Yang

Columbia GSAPP

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cherished ecological preserves, violated Native American sacred grounds, and the locations of pardoned impunity afforded for multinational corporate polluters, the Hudson Valley and the parallel and multiple realities of its “sanctuaries” lend an effective lens to interrogate and challenge the extractive legacy of colonization, and the subjection of nature and other “others” through the built environment. The studio aimed to explore new possibilities in the architecture of sanctuaries, while investigating the ideologies of care and sanctity and challenging their often hardened enclosures.

Alex He, Emma Sumrow

Younjae Choi, Myungju Ko

Kim Langat, Saba Ardeshiri

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Advanced Architecture Studio IV

<IN THE NAME OF GOD> Ziad Jamaleddine The studio scope comprised an investigation of the architectural and “charitable” programmatic capacity of the forms of rural settlement developed by religious communities in Upstate New York. Building upon previous studios’ work, students critically unpacked Islamberg’s historical evolution and probed the hamlet’s architectural and territorial relationships to its physical environment (political, geological, natural, post-industrial, infrastructural). Using the Waqf legal document (religious endowment) as a conceptual framework, the studio identified

Jennah Jones

Eleanor Birle, Maxine Gao Transforming Seasonal Grounds is composed of several previously underused rural summer campgrounds in northwest New York that are transformed into a productive landscape, food storage and preparation facilities, and prayer grounds operating year-round.

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and proposed a physical intervention (waqf object) and accompanying charitable program (waqf benefits) for the religious Muslim community hamlet of Islamberg (waqf beneficiaries) with the support of charitable partners in Upstate New York (waqf donors).

Seung Ho Shin To continue the Islamic tradition of hospitality, the proposal is a complex of clinics and bathhouses for courteous visitors. Partnered with offsite for-profit and non-profit hospitals around the site, the clinics are run by medical professionals from Islamberg working at those hospitals.

Karen Wang, Linru Wang Slow Ablution proposes a bridgeover-wetland typology and reintroduces water flows not as problems, but as opportunities to generate new relationships between watershed, rural religious community, and the city.

Advanced Architecture Studio IV

148 <HUDSON ARK> Robert Marino

In this studio, students proposed a Hudson Valley Museum of Nature, the “Hudson Ark.” The museums were designed to exhibit the flora and fauna currently thriving in the Hudson Valley with an emphasis on species threatened or close to extinction, some surviving in unusual circumstances. Students aspired to maintain complete symbiosis with all elements of Nature, neither giving nor taking more than their fair share. As architects, they ascribed to tendencies that support this goal including the notions of efficiency, organic design, lightweight

Hallie Chuba Hudson Nature Museum explores the duality of man in nature: that nature can either only be appreciated from afar, or that man is one with nature.

This concept drives the museum’s design, leading users through different experiential spaces of land, air, and sea species.

Ruisheng Yang A Tomb, A Museum of Nature delivers a clear and bold sign of human intervention that is constructed out of many on-site and naturally sourced materials. The structures act as instruments that are played by natural forces and the passage of time while the resulting symphony will be appropriated by all human visitors.

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and biodegradable structure, and the re-use of structures over time. This studio asked: can architects agree to a dictum similar to one required of medical professionals, that is, to act forcefully but “to do no harm”?

Brennan Heyward, Samuel Bager Inside Monuments to Nature’s only building sits a cantilevered gallery of some of nature’s most beautiful objects—each placed behind glass or rope.

Priscilla Auyeung

Advanced Architecture Studio IV

150 <LANDSCAPES OF POST-DOMESTIC SUBURBIA> Alessandro Orsini

This studio identified physical interventions to the detached house, the landscape in between, and agricultural land that reorganized, transformed, altered, or replaced it, unlocking spatial configurations comprised of alternative forms of social aggregation. To formulate an architectural vision of a new commons, students expanded their understanding of the commons not only as shared domestic and economic space but as space that provides resources beyond shelter and commerce. While assuming that the 21st-century commons would provide these

Blake Kem A new commons of communal work and boarding seeks to undo decades of suburban commodification and modern tourism-fueled gentrification by providing universal access to shelter (through boarding), food (through sustainable land cultivation), education (through ecological stewardship), and work (through craft workshops) to resituate the productive, suburban human within a process of revival, cohabitation, and engagement.

Cecile Kim, Maclane Regan

Columbia GSAPP

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resources, in addition to shelter and commerce, the studio devised an architecture that accommodated the requirements of these diverse resources within a framework of shared production and consumption that is physically, economically, environmentally, and culturally accessible to all.

Paige Haskett, Audrey Dandenault

Hanyu Liu, Zoona Aamir Youth Commons seeks to encourage place-based youth activism through intergenerational and multidisciplinary architecture by strategically abstracting mechanisms that have the potential to unlock interstitial spaces existing in alleyways without displacing residents in the City of Hudson.

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Advanced Architecture Studio IV

<STRANDED ASSETS: INFRASTRUCTURE REUSE IN THE HUDSON VALLEY> Pedro Rivera, Ubaldo Escalante The studio studied the impact of infrastructures in the Hudson Valley to propose policies, programs, and designs that reconcile them with the landscape, natural systems, and local communities. Students explored how infrastructure can be built in innovative ways to address environmental and equity goals. The studio looked at interventions in the territory—including infrastructures, extraction quarries, landfills, etc.—that have altered its environmental and socio-economic dynamics, analyzing them in terms of their impacts and opportunities.

Ruonan Du, Wei Xiao Taking the abandoned Borden Dairy factory as the stranded asset, Hudson Valley Milk Hub 2.0 aims to provide an alternative prototype to the current dairy milk industry, fostering the production transaction for a sustainable economy and an inclusive community.

Alan Cai, Thiago Lee

Columbia GSAPP

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These were understood as assets to promote the ecological regeneration of the region as well as to address the socio-economic and environmental challenges of surrounding communities. The studio’s final proposals promoted new and more holistic ways to connect mankind to nature and to imagine new ways to live under contemporary planetary challenges.

Isaac Khouzam, Charlie Liu, Ruiqi Zhu

Gabrielle Coleman, Eliza Dekker, Polina Stepanova

Zina Berrada, Sebastian Bielski To transform the accessibility of the Valley’s west shore, this proposal looks at reactivating the historic western shore passenger rail line to reconnect cities that are now disconnected. This regional rail service would create a permeable transportation network, reduce the locals’ carbon emissions by transitioning away from a carbased region, regenerate the local economy, and foster opportunity through transit-oriented development.

Advanced Architecture Studio IV

154 <MENTAL HEALTH CARE> Bryony Roberts

This studio examined mental health care in the Hudson Valley, exploring emerging models of care that foreground community-based services and collective support. A region with numerous historical asylums, the Hudson Valley has seen the critique and dismantling of those institutions without comparable replacement in mental health care. Since 2014, a new model of non-profit care centers has emerged in the U.S., Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics (CCBHCs), which integrate support for mental health, addiction,

Sam Velasquez, William Rose The Care Collective is a mental wellness center in Poughkeepsie that developed from the idea that our senses never turn off and continue to absorb stimuli that can trigger trauma. Combined with the knowledge that our site had the highest rates of poverty and immigrant community members, we wanted to address systemic barriers that prevent people from accessing care.

Yifei Yuan, Zixiao Zhu A City Run by the Youth looks at resolving the current shortage of youth services in Poughkeepsie, NY, due to the YMCA shutdown in 2009.

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and developmental disabilities, supported by Medicaid. Students unpacked this model and pushed it further, learning from grassroots movements that merge mental health care with social justice activism. The studio explored how issues of cultural identity, spirituality, and psychology become entangled in visions for transformative care.

Julie Kim, Zoe Su Recognizing the economic and educational disparity that plagued Poughkeepsie, we focus our attention on the youth of Poughkeepsie.

Believing in the healing power of an active lifestyle, CLIMB! is a rock climbing and bouldering gym connecting a youth center, emergency housing, and a mental and physical health clinic.

Khadija ann Tarver The Center of Healing Arts’ role is to provide a loving, safe environment for holistic healing that can transform the actor, audience, healer, and community.

Advanced Architecture Studio IV

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Columbia GSAPP

<FRINGE TIMBER> Lindsey Wikstrom In this studio, students designed a vertical commons, a community-owned forest, and a research and manufacturing facility that produces mass timber for urban centers in the northeast, using mass timber as the primary building material. After establishing an idealized scale and brownfield site, students analyzed ecological and material flows to propose new methods of generating and distributing renewable materials through new rituals and greater purposes. Students designed an architecture that supports

Yiyi Gao The new Idlewild, with its variety of surfaces and new types of timber products, re-distributes the function of summer houses as healing places to a dangerous and labor-intensive workplace. As a worker-owned mass timber manufacturing facility, the new Idlewild is a manmade landscape of mass timber inside the natural landscape, designed to introduce new modes of working and relaxing for people in the forestry and lumber production industries.

Megan Dang Sap Lab reimagines the integration of an invasive species (Hemlock Woolly Adelgid) into the project’s infrastructure to preserve the native Eastern Hemlock tree population.

How can humans collaborate with other species to form new structures without depleting the earth’s natural resources?

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an intentional cadence of life, describing through drawing how the place actively participates in reducing carbon emissions and engages in environmental justice.

Stephen Zimmerer The Ecological Adaptation Contingent imagines a national peacetime mobilization effort centered around (1) unbuilding interstate infrastructure, (2) planting corridors of ecologically adaptive tree species, and (3) constructing porous superstructures to harvest trees and produce Mass Timber. It is told as a gay science fiction romance novella.

Yerin Won Animal Research Center for Black Rock Forest is a hybrid program of timber manufacturing and an animal research center for Black Rock Forest. It aims to explore the healthy intervention of the timber manufacturing industry into nature.

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Advanced Archit Advanced Architecture Studio IV

Columbia GSAPP

Christopher Sharples, Nathan Williams, Susan Rodriguez, Mario Gooden, Bryony Roberts, Emanuel Admassu, Jelisa Blumberg

Andrew Ruff, Tei Carpenter, Carson Chan, Miku Dixit Samuel Stewart-Halevy, Nina Cooke John, Lexi Tsien, Mario Gooden, Anna Puigjaner

Pedro Rivera, Ubaldo Escalante

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Ateya Khorakiwala, Ziad Jamaleddine, Gregory Harvey, Mimi Hoang, Nahyun Hwang, Juan Herreros, David Eugin Moon, Marc Tsurumaki

Chen Jin, Jonathan Kirschenfeld, Nic Goldsmith, Robert Kraus, Deborah Gans

Alessandro Orsini, Evangelos Kotsioris, Ivan L. Munuera, Elisa Iturbe, Ubaldo Escalante, Hilary Sample

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Core Architecture Studio III

Columbia GSAPP

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Core Architecture Studio III Hilary Sample States of Housing

Housing, as a design studio, is the last semester within the required series of Core Studios. It serves as a conclusion to the Core Sequence as well as a transition to the Advanced Studios, specifically building up to the Advanced Studio IV: Scales of Environment. While the studio is structured to present knowledge about the fundamentals of architecture as it applies to designing housing projects, the studio aims to inspire a shift in thinking about architecture in relation to the world at large. There is perhaps nowhere better to study housing than at Columbia GSAPP with its nearly 40-year history of offering housing studios focused on the deeply rich history of New York City. So, while this term, the studio focused on a select site within the Bronx, the studio continually thought beyond the familiar — reaching globally, never out of touch with the Advanced Studios. While the Core Studios are structured sequentially, housing, because of its unique placement within the sequence, is also situated to absorb and be influenced by research in the Advanced Studios. At the same, it serves to produce serious thinkers about design through the problem of housing types.

The Fall 2021 studio was structured through four assignments: documentation of a lived experience, policy research, urban and typological analysis of a residential building, and the design of a New York City-based housing project. The studio focused on the many different states of housing that architects typically encounter in practice. It was organized through two principal means: research/analysis and an architectural proposition. The studio operated as a laboratory for exploring new possibilities for urban living in the South Bronx’s Melrose neighborhood. Throughout the term, each student examined the significance of collective housing and approached design through four lenses: health, race, social justice, and environmental justice. This work recognized systemic injustices and their intersection with design practices in housing and associated public spaces and proposed new futures. Developed through teams, the proposals creatively challenge the status quo and assumptions about housing.

The work is relentlessly empathetic and imaginative in creating artistic, healthy housing.

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Core Architecture Studio III

<THE BLACK VERNACULAR AND HOMEOWNERSHIP> Alicia Ajayi Building on bell hooks’ ideas of the Black Vernacular, this studio collaboratively explored a multitude of subjectivities as a way to uncover, integrate, formulate, and plot the politics of space. Speculating on the interiority and exteriority of house and housing, it analyzed one’s spatial experiences and histories, as well as architectural and art precedents, to build a catalog of radical strategies that confronted and redefined “homeownership.” The studio simultaneously engaged in active and continuous dialogue around questions such as the

Rose Zhang, Megan Dang Soft-Home reimagines systems of waste as a means to restore environmental comfort and facilitate the reclamation of sensory ownership.

Cecile Kim, Laura Blaszczak

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following: Is ownership a moral endeavor or a lingering remnant of white supremacy?

Can ownership be expanded upon as a spatial concept? Can ownership be the tool for liberation when it is used for captivity?

Kim Langat, Eleanor Birle

Khadija Tarver, Sam Velasquez Unstitching Property proposes a building on land rather than property to explore what would happen if housing were developed against the current understandings of ownership. We imagined a world where a building could respond to existing adjacencies and spill over into the block around it, while using a stewardship-based model of care.

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Core Architecture Studio III

<NEST, NESTING, NESTED> Eric Bunge This studio considered housing as a fluid set of nested and potentially ambiguous relationships, connecting residents to the city across a series of interrelated scales.

Furniture, building element, room, unit, shared amenities, housing, gardens, block, city — these are some of the objects and spaces around which social relationships are woven. Elevated from the incidental to the systemic, these components, spaces, and culturally constructed notions redefined each other as this studio searched for

Younjae Choi

Cemre Tokat, Yerin Won

Columbia GSAPP

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new and inclusive frameworks for living in the contemporary city. Through the questioning of these elements and their relationships, the studio reconsidered the fundamentals of housing to produce positive social consequences. It designed for equity and inclusiveness, informing decisions at every step with this objective in mind.

Nicolas Shannon, Peter Walhout

Seung Ho Shin

Priscilla Auyeung, Linru Wang

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Core Architecture Studio III

<HOME, HOUSE, HOUSING> Benjamin Cadena This studio questioned the meaning of home and its relationship to the city as a way to reveal new directions for urban housing. What one calls home, the way one lives, and where one lives have been in constant evolution throughout history. Embracing change, the studio used time with its many scales, rhythms, and cycles as a tool and measure to shape an infrastructure for living. It created new definitions for home, house, and housing that better reflect society today and offer new possibilities for how people choose to live tomorrow.

Qingning Cao, Elena Yu To create more opportunities for immigrants to meet people and integrate into the neighborhood, Housing of Curvy Walls works from two aspects: adjacency and hybrid space. Adjacency brings repetitive interaction between neighbors.

Hybrid space is the mixture of multiple public programs such as rooms for laundry, mail, and trash.

Chiao Yang, Hanyu Liu

Lesley Jixuan Li, Kelly Shining Hong (Im)permanency encourages multigenerational families of today to closely bond at home while maintaining a high level of privacy and freedom. We also provide maximum flexibility through loose but versatile unit layouts, and residents are invited to shape their homes to meet new demands.

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Sky Zhang, Hallie Chuba

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Thiago Lee, Isaac Khouzam

Core Architecture Studio III

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Columbia GSAPP

<RECASTING: SCALE, SYSTEMS, STRUCTURE> Michael Caton This studio imagined housing design through the lens of operations. Teams engaged multiple roles across the value chain from architecture to operations to material procurement and fabrication to consider their influence on the design of a housing product system. In doing so, the studio asks: in what ways might the benchmarks for success in design change because of this reimagined structure? Students developed repeatable housing systems responsive to the site’s context within the Melrose

Joachym Joab, Julie Kim Wenjing Tu, Kaixi Tu

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neighborhood of the Bronx. As such, students considered how their housing system’s design enabled grounding and connectivity.

Kerol Kaskaviqi, Zina Berrada

Brennan Heyward, Sam Bager Centered on the concept of implementing flexible living solutions to a stagnant and rigid housing system, MOD:LIVE aims to provide a space that can adapt to the changes and flows of the cycles of life at various scales—from day to day, month to month, and decade to decade.

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Core Architecture Studio III

<NEW STANDARDS> Esteban de Backer In 1956, the exhibition “This is Tomorrow” took place in London in which twelve independent proposals questioned the status quo in architecture and its incapability of addressing social demands after the war. Group Six was composed of architects Alison and Peter Smithson and artists Eduardo Paolozzi and Nigel Henderson. Their proposal, “Patio and Pavilion,” represented the fundamental necessities of the human habitat in a series of symbols, a sort of social pragmatism engaged with the commons and reclaiming public space as

Aaron Smolar, Phoenix Yang In contrast to the modernist performative dwelling—the so-called “machine for living in” that pursues a cold and homogeneous approach to housing—Topographies of Homecoming proposes that respecting the human spectrum of atmospheric and emotional needs will increase feelings of comfort and familiarity that could ward off anxiety and homelessness.

Marcus Chan, Justin Hager

Blake Kem, Min Soo Jeon PRODUCTIVE-URBIA seeks to establish a scalar relationship between the housing unit and the larger urban ensemble by dividing urban space vertically into four scalar realities, each with its own distinct connection to food production. This aims to undo the spatial, social, and historical inequities in the Bronx by proposing alternative modes of employment, food accessibility, and housing.

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space for life to unfold. The studio took this parallel moment in history as a conceptual starting point, exploring the capacities of housing in shifting perspectives from “Object to Performance” taking on contemporary climate, political, spatial, and social challenges.

Madeleine Sung, Anya Ray Bloom introduces a terraced artificial landscape that connects the site as a whole and encourages healthy living through nourishment of relationships with food, collectivity, and self.

Chi Chi Wakabayashi, Zoe Su

Yiyi Gao, Maxine Gao At the scale of each residential building, Vertebra is a network of shared amenities and collectively used spaces. On the street level, a central spine ties together the community programs to form a system of flexible, intermediate zones.

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Core Architecture Studio III

Columbia GSAPP

<COMFORT:ABLE> Erica Goetz By employing strategies of passive thermal design, this studio invited unconventional relationships that foster a thermal symbiosis between program elements.

In place of hermetically sealed boxes, meso spatial buildings maintain a blurry edge between programmatic parts, a soft yet productive boundary between inside and outside.

This studio embraced this blurry edge and a broadened thermal zone, thereby seeking to give agency to the building inhabitants to establish their own sense of comfort

Jacqueline Pothier, Yuli Wang Plug-In House is a multi-generational housing complex that responds to the neighborhood of Melrose’s need for sustainable, affordable, and adaptable housing. Implicit in the concept of multi-generational housing is change—the expectation that tenants, families, couples, students, and seniors will have changing needs, lifestyles, capacities, and accordances.

Ruisheng Yang, Zixiao Zhu Each apartment in Inter-Growing Homes extends beyond its own walls into a meso-spatial zone which not only provides a thermal buffer to the exterior climate but also creates a layered interior that extends and reconfigures inhabitants’ living spaces depending on the season and time of day.

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in a less energy-dependent way. It harnessed the human tendency for adaptation, calling the occupants to open the proverbial windows, step onto the veranda, and let the breeze flow through, getting comfortable in the space between.

Will Rose, Jordan Trager

Polina Stepanova, Paige Haskett

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Core Architecture Studio III

<MATERIAL CARE> Hilary Sample This studio researched material care in residential architecture. The selection of materials transforms a residential building from a luxury to an affordable designation. Students explored a variety of materials instrumental to both the representation of housing, and its material reality. The material expression of the building’s exterior confronts issues of durability, weatherproofing, providing an address, visibility of form, block continuity or discontinuity, acoustics, gathering spaces, enclosure, and so on. What materials have been used to identify

Zoona Aamir, Karen Wang Blocktown seeks to diminish the divisions typically created by lot lines by introducing shared community spaces on both platforms and residential blocks.

Alex He, Emma Sumrow This levitating neighborhood hovers above the site, providing interconnected spaces that force exposure and interaction between the cast members, both below and within the complex. Multiple relationships are established and explored in the show: housing unit-to-unit, unit-toground, unit-to-exterior, unit-tocirculation, and unit-to-public.

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housing and why is this problematic? What materials contribute to creating a sense of place and identity? How does a community identify with materials? What materials embody energy, efficiency, and care? What materials are durable and reduce maintenance and labor?

What materials offer cooling properties? What if gardens are materials?

Myungju Ko, Yifei Yuan Stephen Zimmerer

Saba Ardeshiri, Nara Radinal

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Columbia GSAPP

<THIS IS US> Galia Solomonoff The architecture of physical spaces shapes interactions and plays a key role in defining one’s identity. Therefore, the studio designed from the belief that housing can reduce, or exacerbate, social inequalities in health, crime, climate vulnerability, and social well-being. It looked at design, construction detailing, building costs, and housing finance to determine a point in the scale where efficiencies and natural resources are balanced. Specifically, it produced housing that connected landscape and interiors, allowing every home to have natural light, cross-

Maclane Regan, Nicolas Nefiodow Pineda

Joan Ruonan Du, Alison Lam

Daniel Chang, Jonghoon Park

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ventilation, and access to outdoor spaces while concurrently considering project costs to design more wholesome housing at a comparable market. Through these elements, this studio created housing that is connected and beautifully set in its place.

Lucas Pereira, Michael Lau

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Columbia GSAPP

Eric Bunge, Michael Caton, Anna Puigjaner, Gary Bates Benjamin Cadena, Christopher Leong, Stephan Anton van Eeden

Hilary Sample, Lindsey Wikstrom, Andrea Chiney, Nina Cooke John, Mimi Hoang

Alicia Ajayi, Valeria Paez Cala, Esteban de Backer

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Erica Goetz

Ziad Jamaleddine, Wonne Ickx, Alessandro Orsini, Michael Caton, Hilary Sample

2021

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Core Architecture Studio II

Columbia GSAPP

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Core Architecture Studio II Erica Goetz Environment as the Third Teacher

A school is more than just its students, teachers, and textbooks; it also includes a building, which is essential to a child’s education and personal growth. Loris Malaguzzi, founder of the ReggioEmilia educational philosophy in the early twentieth century, called the environment the “third teacher,” together with a student’s parents and teachers. In its full manifestation, the multidimensional school environment inspires and nurtures children by activating all of their senses—a position that Core Architecture Studio II explored this semester.

All eight Core II studios focused on the design of a K-8 public school on the site of P.S. 64, located on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. Designed by C.B.J. Snyder in 1906, P.S. 64 served as a New York City public school for seventy years before it was shuttered. Today, the building remains abandoned. As part of the research for their design projects, Core II students visited the vacant building, studied its history, and evaluated its current condition in order to envision ways to revitalize the site as a contemporary school.

How can a building both react to and affect pedagogy? When a child feels safe and supported, they will take risks and embrace challenges. How do we design spaces that nurture and inspire individual children so they can reach their fullest potential? At the same time, how does a school, as a civic institution, connect to its community and promote fruitful interactions between the students and the community? How do our schools reflect our cultural values and prepare children for their own futures (not just our present)? How do we build a school today that will serve not only this generation of children, but also the next?

Through many scales of engagement—from the site in general to the detail of a brick—students devised careful interventions in the existing structure. An essential aspect of the curriculum prompted students to emphasize low-embodied carbon structural design. In response, projects reused the existing building or elements of it, integrating new materials with low-embodied carbon footprints and thoroughly considering the future use and lifespan of the structure.

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182 <KINETIC INTELLIGENCE> Amina Blacksher

As a foil to Artificial Intelligence, a term this studio referred to as Kinetic Intelligence recognizes the correlation of the body to the mind in the context of learning, as is supported by keen research identifying a sophisticated intelligence of the body in motion as it moves through space and time. In the development of a school proposal, studio participants explored spatial logics in accordance with the realm of the body. They dived into the Space of Learning, speculating critically between conductive postures, spatial configurations, and sensory

Mariam Jacob A carefully chosen material palette was utilized so that the maintenance of the school is valued as a learning tool.

Juliana Yang This concrete structure is conceived as a cast in a fabric formwork, fashioning arching pillow columns and draped floor slabs. Expanding the range of architectural materials, fabric formwork performs a subversion of the concrete structure’s symbol, and an abundance of curtains and curved surfaces make a more gentle perceptual field.

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stimulation that use existing data to reimagine an optional learning environment. Students were challenged to express program organization speculating critically and imaginatively around where the school begins and where it ends, if at all.

Tashania Akemah

Rachel Shujing Chen ARTIMEDU is a school for arts and crafts that fosters exploration of different kinds of making. It aims to help students find education and career pathways into the future.

Core Architecture Studio II

184 <ALL IS SCHOOL> Benjamin Cadena

Leaving behind programmatic and typological presets, the studio embraced open-ended play and exploration, across mediums, materials, and scales, as tools for spatial and architectural discovery. Thinking by making, testing, iterating, mixing, crossing, cutting, pasting, and hybridizing across mediums of production and expression, students were asked to discover and devise new spatial, organizational, or environmental qualities that can be translated into tangible architectural propositions.

Emilie Kern This project plays with contrasts, specifically between the playfulness of an elementary school and the austerity of a concrete structure.

Marrying the structure of the building with the pedagogy of the school, the soft curves slope in such a way that children can feel and be in touch with their surroundings.

Genevieve Jones

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Hanouf AlFehaid Extending the city into the school, Grounded Exploration proposes situating two buildings opposite each other to create an interior courtyard and establish a relationship with the urban condition.

Shiyu Lyu Inside Out brings the natural elements from the park into the building to create a safe and stressfree environment for reading and interaction.

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<OPEN FRAMEWORKS> Esteban de Backer This studio resonates with Cedric Price’s belief in “architecture’s potential to nurture change, intellectual growth, and social development rather than to offer a definitive aesthetic statement.” It took on this attitude, proposing architectural artifacts that are open-ended and flexible even if proposing specific material arrangements. In shifting perspectives from “Object to Performance” projects focused on architectural behaviors, addressing pressing climatic, political, spatial, and social contemporary challenges. Students paid particular

Omer Gorashi Playtrium proposes to conditionally invite the public to engage with students within a vertical prefab panel and CLT structure to create healthier relationships between the community and institution, while questioning ideas of accessibility and informal affordance within public space.

Ian Callender School-Public relies on Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory as driving paradigm of both curriculum and form. It is predicated upon an advanced civics and social studies curriculum, taking the NYC Department of Education as its base but both faster moving and more flexible.

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attention to the political agency of schools, as they relate to our everyday communities while addressing the agency of the collective to define school curriculums. They explored the potential of hybridization between the classroom and its surrounding cultural environment, in other words, between school and the city.

David Zhang Storefront Interactions is a K–8 public school which seeks to provide a contextual learning environment based on the principles of placebased learning (Sobel et al.), which emphasizes a student’s connection to school, community, and environment.

Sophia Strabo Addressing the massive import, consumption, and waste of food, School for Exchange proposes a more productive and intentional infrastructure.

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<POST CARBON SCHOOL> Miku Dixit This studio operated from a basis of energy and resource scarcity by doing as much as possible with as little as possible. Rather than an approach characterized by austerity, however, students rethought school building from the ground up by questioning basic assumptions that undergird the carbon economy. The site exists in the world’s wealthiest city, but students attempted to operate with the resourcefulness, efficiencies, flexibilities, and informal systems seen in parts of Asia, Africa, and South America as precedents for design and construction.

Maria Berger

Julia Vais

Maura Costello

Zackary Bryson

Columbia GSAPP

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Could these methods from the Global South help the studio to reimagine ways a school functions locally and, by extension, globally? How could the implementation of such strategies define new territories for the school and its site?

Jason Li

Anoushka Mariwala

Daniel Li Strata School is a K–8 public school that teaches students how to live justly in the Anthropocene through academic study, play, and work.

Students become involved in the school’s operations and home economics with the guidance of faculty, staff, and PTA volunteers, which teaches them about their own agency as individuals and members of a community.

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<FOCUSED THOUGHT: KINESTHETIC AWARENESS> Carlyle Fraser The proposition for this studio was founded upon a kinesthetic education that explores the fundamentals of education through the invention of study models and the logistics of the program requirements. These learning machines examined local parts to define the mass of the school as a whole. In tandem, students studied various educational methods along with the core values of the community as a counterpoint for the development of its constituents. They also explored how agency is established through a sense of self-awareness in relation to others as it assists

Isaiah Graham The Discover School asks: what happens to children with undiagnosed learning differences?

Or children that excel in one skill or subject but do not perform well in others?

Hunter McKenzie

Marberd Bernard

Columbia GSAPP

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social interaction. Autodidactic life was the goal of this enterprise. Other critical issues addressed include remote learning, materiality and matter, access to natural light, and the notion of ethically equitable education.

Kayla Parsons

Lucy Baird Reframing the Alley looks to the surrounding urban fabric and its history of inhabiting and transforming the streetscape to inform the formal occupation of space. The organizing logic behind the school stems from a singular module that once repeated begins to systematically create interstitial spaces and alleyways.

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<TRANSMITTANCE> Erica Goetz While schools require electric light to serve their communities, this studio embraced daylighting design as an impetus for architectural invention. Students sited and sculpted buildings to strategically respond to daylight. They designed facades that transmit, absorb, and reflect the sun’s light. They worked with materials to shape building interiors so that light and shadow syncopate with circadian rhythms. They considered how natural light, together with its shadow, can inspire a path of self-enlightenment no matter how it’s defined.

Kelly He The Overlook School is organized into a bent L-shaped volume that flexes towards the light and views provided along Sara Roosevelt Park. The ground floor features an open sweeping circulation route with accessible senior workshop studios that share sunrooms flooded with daylight and link backyards.

Wide corridors allow classrooms to spill into flexible communal spaces and play areas to encourage collaboration. Windows align across vertical openings for unobstructed city and park views.

Hanna Wiegers

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Han Qin

Laurin Moseley Forsyth Art School integrates artmaking into the curriculum not only at the classroom level but at the community level. Allowing the opportunity for both the students and community to have agency in how their physical environment looks is a critical component of the school.

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194 <ENTANGLED BODIES> Karla Rothstein

At a moment when democracy, the climate, and truths are in simultaneous and divisive crises, perhaps nothing is more important than education. Students’ intense passions, beliefs, and curiosity were channeled to guide the narratives and trajectories of their projects, uncovering futures one can impact but not fully predict. Spaces of learning have the utmost opportunity and responsibility to inspire and enlighten. Buildings are understood through material and spatial agency encompassing nuanced gradients of hard-, soft- and weather-scapes,

Lula Chou Rebecca Siqueiros

Nicole Biewenga No Service: Joint, Grid, Pleat is a model not for denying the reality of the interwoven integration of technology into the quotidian but for a pedagogy that supports our youngest generation in modulating its effects on their social world.

Children are empowered to conscientiously seek out and effect their own micro-environments, and to cherish crafting interpersonal relationships in this collective act of world building.

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intertwined to support education, community, and regenerative legacy. Architecture and gardens are interdependent and associative, creating healthy and resilient experiences shifting through the changes of seasons, and interacting with sunlight and moon-shadow.

Meghan Jones This silent music school uses three variables—ceiling height, surface treatment, and landscaping—as both a buffer against excessive noise and an amplification device.

The curvature of the roofscape manipulates both the intensity and frequency of sound waves.

Caining Gu

Will Cao Adapting techniques from the Montessori method, schools might instead serve as “soft formworks,” providing support where needed, but ultimately allowing children to become independent beings capable of shaping their education through their passions and innate curiosity.

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<LEARNING ENVIRONMENT> Lindy Roy Architects and designers of the built environment now increasingly navigate a crisis stack of existential impacts on the world. The term environment is ubiquitous and so broadly used that it has all but lost its meaning. This studio took education innovator Loris Malaguzzi’s insight that the environment is the third teacher as an entry point for the design of a grades K-8 public school on New York City’s Lower East Side. It asked: What exactly is the environment? What is its relationship to learning? And how can one harness architecture’s capacities to modulate perception and drive behavior?

Farah Ahmed In Respiring Thresholds, the “inand-out” begin to shape-shift, blurring edges and proportions, and creating interchangeable spaces.

Frederic Verrier-Paquette

Rajvardhan Thorat

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Anna Kim

Xinyi Alice Lin As a container of nature and man-made construction, The Porotic School inspires students to learn from nature and better understand the unique urban environment that surrounds them.

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Douglass Alligood, Erica Goetz, Mario Gooden

Josh Uhl, Karolina Czeczek, Angela Sun

Lindy Roy, Michael Bell, Galia Solomonoff, Carlyle Fraser

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Miku Dixit, Alessandro Orsini, Esteban de Backer, Lola Ben-Alon

Bryony Roberts, Karla Rothstein, Nahyun Hwang, Nathan Rich, Nile Greenberg

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Core Architecture Studio I Anna Puigjaner The Grand Interior

Today, digital technologies are undeniably modifying the way we use and live in the city. Due to the actual cyber reality, the classic dichotomies between public-private, collective-individual, night-day spaces that characterized a great part of the architectural discourse of the twentieth century have lost their connotation. Today, architecture cannot be understood as detached from an interconnected reality, where buildings, more than isolated entities, are part of a larger system of common spaces and services that link the micro with the macro and have consequences on social, economic, and environmental issues.

The increasing mix among public and private spheres allows us to think of the world as a continuous interior or following Peter Sloterdijk’s image of a “grand interior,” an endless domestic landscape defined by spaces, objects, and technologies where the public space is being redefined, moving from the archetype of the street—as the paradigm of the common—to a more complex ­situation where public and private merge all along with the city. In this scenario, the home is also becoming part of this public realm.

This new public condition might be an opening to rethink preset architectural limits and urban classifications that were used to assure benefit in detriment of social rights.

Architecture has been traditionally used as a tool to define and perpetuate colonial processes. It is an effective agent of restraint able to assure the power of certain social sectors over others. It is not neutral and might consequently be perceived as such. The division of public and private has not only been a driving force for the development of biased social structures but also other urban planning and building processes.

In Core I, we understand the shift of public space as an invitation to redefine social structures for the better common welfare. We address the course looking to our actual and close reality, taking the everyday life of Broadway Avenue, Manhattan, as a starting point and base for an architectural proposal.

We look at buildings and their urban context, understanding the quotidian as a platform for deeper research that allows us to comprehend the complexity of the built realm, its actual functioning, and requirements concerning economic, climatic, environmental, social,

and political issues. We design architectures that answer to those realities: transgressing, empowering, and complementing existing networked spaces. We produce architecture from the urban towards the detail, from the drawing towards the construction, and during that path, we always foster graphic, formal, and material experimentation as an intrinsic part of the design process.

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Amina Blacksher

Rebecca Siqueiros Hydraulic Sensorium highlights various states of water and ways energy can be harnessed, specifically from steam and water movement.

It provides repose from the climate and commotion of the city by providing thermal regulation and a space for discovery.

Chris Kumaradjaja

Caining Gu

Columbia GSAPP

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Rilka Li

6th Ave: A Reanimation is situated in a neighborhood formerly known as Little Africa, and seeks to reclaim a space that once served as a thoroughfare of Black-owned commerce from the 1880s to the 1920s.

Katerina Gregoriou Washington Square Park functioned as a haphazard burial plot for the remains of over 20,000 human beings and an execution ground for enslaved peoples in the early 1800s before it was transformed into the manicured park we see today.

Re-[center/activate/negotiate] opens up Washington Square Park as a public living room for 24/7/365 use and re-centers the park around the potter’s field as a way to respectfully recognize the park’s past.

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204 Thomas De Monchaux, Carlyle Fraser

Burcu Turkay

Omer Gorashi

Columbia GSAPP

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Hunter McKenzie Broadway Stories: The One is focused on the creation of an interior economy within One Times Square.

It was conceived through an analysis of the anatomy of a human and octopus as a design metamorphosis.

By investigating the movement and genetic material of these creatures, I created a case study that could be used to generate design iterations that respond to and engage with existing structural conditions.

E.J. Shin

David Zhang A Parish Library for Objects is a reconceptualization of the cathedral typology in the age of late capitalist hyper-consumption, taking the form of a library for objects. The project is a mutation of the Sts. Cyril and Methodius and St. Raphael Croatian Church on 41st and 10th Ave., using the existing pews in both dimension and layout to design a new pew system that rises vertically in the space.

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Miku Dixit

Zackary Bryson Made-Land promotes discourse around land ownership and the origins of the soil which constitute “our land.” Placed on a site where past colonial infrastructure ruptures the grid, this device exposes a landscape of brutality through a history of inequality using adventive flora and earth which came to New York in the form of solid ballast in ships through trade.

Andrew Chee

Rachel Shujing Chen

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Tasha Akemah Buffer envisions a street network that connects the city on a smaller scale. It encourages users to see nonplaces as active spaces by engaging the surrounding community.

Chris Deegan

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208 Alessandro Orsini

Duncan Tomlin

Steven Gan This project focuses on local teenagers who have lost opportunities for afterschool activities due to a shutdown of facilities for the young.

It proposes series of spaces led by a ramp from the ground to the rooftop of the Forum, one of Columbia University’s flagship (but underused) buildings. Located at the junction of 125th St. and Broadway, the intervention aims to connect the two sides of West Harlem.

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Lauren Yvonne Brown Cookout at Serenity is an architectural manifestation of the traditional African-American family cookout.

Using Roy DeCarava and Langston Hughes’ The Sweet Flypaper of Life as a visual precedent, the project seeks to highlight the moments of Black Joy lived within the community’s past and present by repurposing Serenity Garden— the community garden of the neighborhood—into a year-round accessible garden and gathering space for the block.

Sophia Strabo Sarah Bruce-Eisen

Jason Li Common Urban Oasis fosters a more equitable food environment for the Morningside Heights locals, whose accessibility to sufficient nutrition is compromised at the face of rising gentrification in the neighborhood.

Located adjacent to the 125th station along Broadway, the urban farming project occupies the spare FAR on the roof of an existing pharmacy and supermarket and is intended to perform, architecturally, as a gesture that connects infrastructures and alleviates the ground.

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210 Anna Puigjaner

Xavier Zhapan-Sullivan In response to cultural displacement surrounding the American Museum of Natural History, this interpretive center is placed through transgression along the north side of the Museum.

This long structure addresses an updated narrative of what the museum fails to portray.

Chris Armstrong

Carmen Chan Monuments of Monuments consists of three typologies that occupy 20 monuments and public art installations (as defined by NYC Parks) throughout the Upper West Side. These monument interventions re-signify and transform the existing monuments into active, evolving landmarks that encapsulate the temporal changes of the political atmosphere.

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Jillian Katz

Jared Orellana This project proposes a series of intergenerational spaces that express care and communitybuilding through its programming and materiality. The site is Amsterdam Houses on the Upper West Side, affordable housing where most residents are lowincome and people of color.

Sherry Aine Te To offset anthropogenic influences that instigate the Urban Heat Island Effect, The Cooling, Ecological Rewind proposes to activate the roof areas of Amsterdam Houses as cooling areas via trees and landscape (which also house programs such as urban farms and lookouts). More than just a cooling entity, the landscape is a reflection of the Mannahatta where the Amsterdam Houses were once were —marshlands and wetlands.

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212 Lindy Roy

Mariam Jacob Charged Membrane aims to replace the existing fenced iron barrier around Morningside Park and reintegrate the edge with Harlem by creating a new charged membrane.

The EV stations that are dispersed throughout the edge are designed to not only engage with the vehicle but also from an avian and human standpoint.

Key Aiken Genevieve Jones

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Ken Farris A Cut through Columbia integrates a large ramp that allows direct access to the subway by bisecting the main axis of the campus. By breaking Columbia University’s Beaux Arts symmetry and reorienting a previously public road, the memory of the gym in Morningside Park comes alive—the memory of taking a public entity and privatizing it—while the design simultaneously takes on the inverse condition of the gym, where a private road becomes public again by accommodating the program of the unbuilt gym.

Juliana Yang A steel frame apparatus inserted into the overlook towers designed

by Frederick Law Olmsted alters the vertical threshold with landings, platforms, and stairs which transform into a club at night.

Will Cao To begin to overcome an inhospitable history and landscape, the first step of the intervention ameliorates the steep drop in elevation between P.S. 36 and the former Horace Mann-Lincoln School of Teachers’ College. Each building receives a frontage above and below the generated surface, allowing opportunities for outdoor play and shelter for shared amenities over and under formerly impassible ground.

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Josh Uhl

Daniel Li New Sky Farms investigates Inwood as a neighborhood subject to many challenges caused by income inequality, including food scarcity, gentrification, and flooding. In keeping with the neighborhood’s not-quite-urban history, it proposes new nodes of agricultural production and distribution to provide greater access to food and to integrate Inwood within the larger food infrastructure of the city.

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Autumn Harvey The historical typology of a skyfarm is repurposed in a modern vernacular by embedding art studios and a jazz club into the existing rock outcropping. Mimicking naturally forming grooves and caverns in the rock, the informal auditorium and studio spaces are voided into the geology and mediate the bridge between the ultra-urban city grid and the natural habitat on top.

Marika Falco

Kelly He Cloud Post is a rooftop deck pavilion system that extends the vitality of the informal streetscape upwards through a modular, minimal, and adaptable structure inspired by the typologies of street sheds below.

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216 Lindsey Wikstrom

Farah Ahmed As shopping and trade shifts from physical to digital realms, stores are shutting down and becoming warehouses. This project proposes partially recycling these buildings to create semi-permanent enclosures and shelters for street vendors.

Gio Kim

Meghan Jones

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Han Qin Office workers commute for 1-2 hours daily, followed by work routines. To introduce different experiences, this intervenion proposes a new pedestrian walkway in Lower Manhattan in the form of a hiking trail through the Financial District.

Ian Callender Growing Up proposes a forest school at Bowling Green, leveraging an opportunity to construct new collective memory of and on the site by shifting our treatment of trees.

The structure immerses schoolkids in the ecological: varying degrees of density among the trees gives rise to a range of microsystems and biodiversity, and kids participate in its care, become invested in its wellbeing.

Angela Alissa Keele Propagation at the Edge of Property proposes a networked system of spatial and ecological reclamation through city-wide cooperation originating at the site of Elizabeth Street Garden in Lower Manhattan.

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Mabel O. Wilson, Giuseppe Lignano, Alicia Ajayi, Anna Puigjaner, Amina Blacksher

Yutaka Sho

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Reinhold Martin, Carlyle Fraser

Vanessa Keith, Nina Cooke John, Chat Travieso, Amina Blacksher

Anna Puigjaner, Juan Herreros

Lindsey Wikstrom, Laurie Hawkinson, Miku Dixit

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<SECTION B> 223 Visual Studies Laura Kurgan 253 Building Technology Lola Ben-Alon 289 History and Theory Reinhold Martin 301 Collaborations

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Visual Studies Laura Kurgan The Visual Studies Sequence brings together a series of courses which link analogue drawing, digital drawing, computational design, data analysis, and visualization, with a series of tools, methods, and media for design and the built environment. Uses of visual methods in design— like hand drawing, data visualization, sensors and data analysis, simulation, optimization, procedural modeling, rendering, video, app design, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Building Information Management (BIM)—are embedded in much of what architects, urbanists, and designers do. Yet simply training students to use and think with these technologies is insufficient. The uses of design methods and tools—analogue and digital—are most successful when their limits and their contexts—technical, social, political, aesthetic, and ethical—are confronted and surpassed to show us multiple ways of imagining and creating space. The tools, data, and technology we deploy in the design process are never neutral. Faculty in the sequence take on discrete parts of this array and expose students to technical, critical, and creative ways to transform and develop their processes of design.

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<ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & REPRESENTATION I> [Fall 2021] Josh Uhl (Coordinator), Jelisa Blumberg, Andrea Chiney, Zachary White ADR I investigated the current concepts, techniques, and working methods of computer-aided drawings in architecture. The course focused on the construction of architectural representations. However, rather than just experimenting with technique, it encouraged one to define how these new operative techniques are changing the role of drawing in architecture. <ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & REPRESENTATION II> [Spring 2022] Dan Taeyoung (Coordinator), Lorenzo Villaggi, Violet Whitney, Carlo Bailey Representation serves as a primary medium for architects. They draw, visualize, represent, and render new possibilities, new futures, new kinds of spaces, new imaginations. Architectural Drawing and Representation II centered on drawing and representation and also on thinking about drawing and representation. This course incubated students’ relationship with drawing, representation, and architecture by considering drawing as a practice.​Students developed their own style and invented their own drawing tools and representational processes. ADR II provided the opportunity to play, explore new methods of representation, consider diverse points of view, test alternative outcomes, and experiment with how methods of representation shape one’s relationship to architecture. <VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE: WORLD BUILDING & VIRTUAL REALITY> [Spring 2022] Nitzan Bartov This workshop borrowed tools and workflows from the gaming and virtual reality industries to explore architectural production through the lens of speculative physics, causality, and interaction. <POWER TOOLS> [Spring 2022] Jelisa Blumberg, Lexi Tsien This course aimed to leverage collective and DIY knowledge building as a representational technique and a tool of power. It engaged a tripartite structure of research, design, and implementation. First, students looked at an array of historical and contemporary DIY formats such as the zine, meme, catalog, almanac, instructional video, cookbook, hotline, and how-to-manual as transformative models of self-education. During the second part of the semester, seminar participants used visual representation techniques to organize, design, and develop antiracist content. In the latter part of the semester, students worked in groups to design physical and/or digital delivery methods for their chosen campus or community; hacking formats such as the bulletin, newsstand, billboard, monument, or a method of their invention. <METHODS IN SPATIAL RESEARCH> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Dare Brawley This course introduced the critical use of geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial methods for urban humanities research. Maps and geographic analysis are key tools for interpreting the built environment and its social conditions.

However, maps are never just representations. They are always active in shaping the worlds they describe. With this in mind, students were introduced to a range of approaches for creating and manipulating spatial data with a focus on the forms of authorship, design, and subjectivity embedded in spatial data and its uses.

Students repurposed existing spatial datasets, collected data about a spatial phenomenon in their everyday surroundings, digitized historical maps to produce alternative narratives, mapped change over time with Landsat satellite imagery, and used aerial photographs to tell a story through repetition. <RE-THINKING BIM> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Joseph Brennan, Mark Green This course provided foundational knowledge of building information modeling (BIM) practices, as well as relevant options for alternative design-platform interoperability and integration. Sessions included case-study review and discussion, critical analysis of design and design-technology strategies,

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225 and overall exposure to diverse approaches to industry design practices. Guest lecturers introduced industry-proven examples of platform integrations, and demonstrated methodologies for students to consider for their design problem.

The guest lectures each took a different lens of informed design interventions and interoperability, including computational and iterative design, advanced interoperability for design optimization, performance-based strategies to address energy and environmental design considerations, and cloud-BIM strategies to iterate at the detail level of building articulation. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences.

<TECHNIQUES OF THE ULTRAREAL> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Joseph Brennan, Phillip Crupi The use of perspective and rendering is often an afterthought within the design process. The abundance of 3D modeling software and the ability to see every angle of a project instantaneously has confined these techniques to a last-minute tool for representation—a required by-product of the expectations of architectural presentation. This class challenged the participants to not only think of rendering and perspective as a method of presentation but also a tool for design, implemented early and often within the design process. In addition to learning techniques for creating photorealistic renderings, students developed a workflow that encourages early exploration. The class focused on color, light, material, context, reflection, and opacity throughout the entire design. <GRAPHIC ARCHITECTURE PROJECT I: DESIGN AND TYPOGRAPHY> [Spring 2022] Yoonjai Choi The Graphic Architecture Project explored the intersection of the flat and the deep. This class examined the visual rhetoric employed to convey design concepts.

Typography is fundamentally the procedure of arranging type, but it can also be the particular art of traversing meaning with form. In addition to developing a general typographic fluency, students considered the visual tone of how messages are conveyed and explored ways to appropriately control and manipulate that tone through typography. <DATAMINING THE CITY I> [Spring 2022] Richard Chou The ubiquity of digital technologies embedded in cities and urban-dwellers makes urban data an integral part of the design and planning of cities. Urban analytics provide an opportunity to design cities that are responsive to the needs of their constituents. This course focused on the application of data tools to model, analyze, and simulate the urban environment. Students developed a critical understanding of data science concepts and urban data models as well as technical skills in data processing, analytical simulations, and visualization. This course explored new creative methods to better understand the dynamics between urban systems and create more insightful decisions for future cities. <GRAPHIC ARCHITECTURE PROJECT III: DESIGN SEMINAR> [Fall 2021] Whitney Dow, Michael Rock This course imparted basic techniques of narrative storytelling, coupled with an introduction to narrative theory terminology. Students applied these techniques and terms to explain and animate architectural projects. The course consisted of three components: lectures; films and essays to watch, read, and discuss; and short class assignments. <PRINCIPLES AND PRAXIS OF SPATIAL JUSTICE> [Fall 2021] Ifeoma Ebo This seminar focused on the critical analysis of the architecture and urbanism of New York City through the lens of values and principles for Spatial Justice. Spatial Justice advances collective liberation by challenging the privilege and power structures that use design and planning as tools of oppression. This work took place through critical understandings of historical contexts, the development of new forms of knowledge and practice in our present, and speculating on future radical efforts of racial, social, and cultural reparation, through the process and outcomes of design.

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<HETERODOX ARCHITECTURES: RECONSTRUCTING THE PRACTICE IN THE ERA OF COMMITTMENTS> [Fall 2021] Juan Herreros The seminar provided a committed view of the present through a series of heterodox projects in the history of architecture. It intended not to retrieve singular works from the history of architecture that might be described as visionary, but rather to understand the critical attitude that their authors adopted in the face of a moment of crisis. Throughout the semester, each student completed an in-depth study of a project, exploring its historical, technological, and conceptual context as part of the author’s oeuvre as a whole. <MODEL FICTIONS: THE TECHNOLOGIES OF FILM AND PRODUCTION DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE> [Spring 2022] Joshua Jordan In this course, students engaged the skills, ideas, and technologies shared between the practices of production design (for film) and architecture, considering three topics around which this overlap occurs: the methodological, the conceptual, and the technical. Methodologically, students studied the scale model as a medium for expressing and developing a moving, complex design idea. Conceptually, they discussed the role of designers as storytellers and authors of unique environments in which characters live and actions occur. Technically, they utilized the tools of the GSAPP shops (and those of their design) to stage, animate, and capture new forms of representation of these stories, worlds, and ideas in motion. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences. <LINES NOT SPLINES: DRAWINGS AS INVENTION> [Fall 2021] Christoph a. Kumpusch This intensive workshop-formatted course is rooted in three propositions: that drawing is as much a way of seeing as it is a means of representation; that drawing is not bound to digital versus analog categorizations; and that drawing remains the primary vehicle to record, communicate and create architecture. Students surrendered their typical drawing habits in favor of a rigorous drawing routine, which challenged notions of style, assumptions about start and finish, ideas about surface, shadow, and scale. Diverse media was deployed; subjects included studio work, urban fragments, real estate fragments, body parts, sneakers, and inward visions. <CODING FOR SPATIAL PRACTICES> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Celeste Layne This course introduced students to web design and development as a means of representation, speculation, and communication. Students learned the foundational, front-end languages HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create work for the web browser.

To guide their study, students explored questions such as: What is the relationship between architecture and the World Wide Web? What parallels can be drawn between the development process and one’s design processes? <MAKE> [Fall 2021] Giuseppe Lignano, Ada Tolla This course served as a workshop to MAKE — to produce work that is experimental, personal, difficult, ugly, dirty, weird, and investigative, rather than definitive in presenting evidence and conclusions. It also served as a workshop to produce work that is physical, fabricated within the precise constraint of a 12”x12”x12” volume through the UPCYCLING of five materials: plastic, metal, concrete, wood, and fabric. Students searched for materials in their closest environment, engaging directly with domestic and urban leftovers, to reflect on the potential of waste and reframe its visual and cultural significance. The workshop looked at art as architecture and architecture as art. It set up a critical and supportive place of personal discoveries and “uncoveries.” <GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS> [Fall 2021] Leah Meisterlin This course introduced core concepts of Geographic Information Systems and the science and technical skills critical for working within urban environments.

Students learned critical approaches to spatial analysis and visualization techniques as well as data acquisition and management, spatial research

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227 methodologies, and cartographic principles through a combination of lectures and focused lab sessions.

<SPECULATIVE CITY: CRISIS, TURMOIL, AND PROJECTIONS IN ARCHITECTURE> [Spring 2022] David Eugin Moon This course outlined changes in the discourse and practice of architecture responding to crisis and uncertainty as an opportunity for new potentials, exploring social, political, and economic contexts and their influences on visionary architecture and urbanism. The last tumultuous decade was compounded by disrupted economies, contested political grounds, social inequity, and realizations in climate change. These crises and turmoil upended traditional notions of the typical processes of architecture and question top-down and bottom-up hierarchies, public and shared realms, and other norms. The course explored the current practices of the architecture of crisis and disruption as well as the historical significance of previous post-traumatic yet productive periods from the post-war periods in the U.S., the nadir in New York in the late 70s, and other seminal moments that projected and shaped the modern environment. Examining a selection of initiatives and their geographies, work also investigated architecture in the current context of shifting demographics and social conventions, marginalized groups and inequity, privatized collectivity, rising migrant populations, and heightened ecological and environmental concerns. <MAPPING FOR ARCHITECTURE URBANISM AND HUMANITIES> [Spring 2022] Juan Moreno This course provided an introduction to cartography, its history, and its relationship with humanities. As such, it aimed at creating a space (or a place?) for critical reflection on the mechanisms to produce and interpret spatial information. Simultaneously, the class collectively developed the necessary skills to posit spatial questions and use relevant datasets to produce answers. In other words, the course illustrated the relevance of maps in different forms of intellectual inquiry. Through a series of individual exercises, students investigated theoretical and practical questions about the use of geographical information systems (GIS), the challenges of spatial representation, and the problems and possibilities embedded in new platforms for digital cartography. <GENERATIVE DESIGN I> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Danil Nagy This course introduced students to the basic concepts of generative design and taught them to create complex models that can be controlled and evaluated by an automated search algorithm. The Python programming language was introduced as a way to amplify the generative complexity of parametric models in Grasshopper.

The class also covered techniques for evaluating designs including using thirdparty Grasshopper plugins for structural and environmental analysis. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences. <KITCHENLESS STORIES> [Fall 2021] Anna Puigjaner Historically, the idea of home has mirrored a faithful image of society’s deeper social structures. Consequently, housing (and in particular the kitchen) has often been used as an effective tool for the ideological construction of power relations.

This seminar explored and unveiled capitalist hetero-patriarchal asymmetries that have been empowered through domestic architectures. <SICK CITY: CLINICS> [Spring 2022] Hilary Sample Sick City investigated the complex intersection between design and public health in architecture around the world. Through a select set of case studies, scale figures, design objects, architectural typologies, city contexts, public policies, and related infrastructures, students learned about episodes of illness, repair, maintenance, wellness, and recovery. This seminar approached the history of design, architecture, and technology through a close reading of propositions associated with design and disease. The aim was to reflect upon contemporary

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Visual Studies issues across small and large scales of the built environment, reread the city, and speculate on its future through a specific building type: clinics.

<POINTS UNKNOWN: CARTOGRAPHIC NARRATIVES> [Spring 2022] Juan Saldarriaga Points Unknown provided the opportunity to explore new forms of investigation and communication. Under the direction of a practicing journalist, students produced a map-based feature story, reporting on topics ranging from the census to COVID-19 to climate change. The course focused on covering core spatial concepts from projections to symbology and classification. Students learned techniques critical to working with spatial data, allowing them to perform tasks such as network analysis, pattern analysis, and spatial association — techniques that both informed their reporting and defined their graphics. They also learned about satellite imagery and how to work with remotely sensed data both for reporting and for communication.

Finally, they learned how to build interactive displays highlighting their work. <CONSTRUCTION ECOLOGIES IN THE ANTHROPOCENE> [Spring 2022] Tommy Schaperkotter How should designers understand their complicities and capabilities in the complex and contested present of the Anthropocene? Is it possible to reconsider our disciplinary roles and processes within a climatically relevant time frame? How might we envision a world worthy of the matter and energy borrowed from it? This course navigates histories, theories, technologies, ecologies, and processes of construction while seeking myriad opportunities for revitalized architectural enchantment commensurate with the existential narratives of the Anthropocene. This course is cross-listed in the Building Tech Sequence. <SEMINAR OF SECTION> [Spring 2022] Marc Tsurumaki While most commonly deployed as a retroactive tool to describe constructional requirements or (in the context of the contemporary design studio) an automatic side effect of the digital model, this seminar re-conceived the section as an instrumental and projective device. The goal was to provide students with techniques through which they developed their own approaches to the section as a vital analytical and design tool. The seminar also investigated the section to raise broader questions regarding the representational techniques that architects deploy and the complex interrelationship between delineation, ideation, and materialization. <ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Michael Vahrenwald The first segment of the class looked at various ways of photographing architectural models from standard depictions in which the images are meant to closely resemble a full-scale construction to alternate approaches that play with what the architectural model can communicate. It addressed themes beyond the presentation of a finished building or a rendering. The second half focused on photographing various constructed spaces, both exterior and interior. The class discussed approaches to photography from “objective” to “expressive” and explored notions of the iconic, the narrative, and digression in architectural photography. <MEASURING THE GREAT INDOORS> [Fall 2021] Violet Whitney This course explored techniques for working with data from the physical world, with the aim of understanding and manipulating dynamic, interactive environments.

Students used hardware (sensors, microprocessors, computer vision cameras), software (IFTTT and Processing), and their powers of observation to characterize and design phenomenological aspects of “the great indoors.” Their investigations explored how humans can heighten their connection to the physical world and each other while stuck at home. Using their own homes as a basis, students designed digital interactions– like spatial user experiences, or physical telepresence–that engaged the five senses and all three dimensions. While this course involved the technical aspects of building science and digital technologies, its primary aim was to encourage students

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229 to consider dynamic spatial and environmental qualities in their design work.

This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences.

<X INFORMATION MODELING I> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Luc Wilson, Snoweria Zhang Data is the language of cities. This data is inherently spatial, and designers and planners are uniquely suited to leverage it for informed decision-making.

Accordingly, this course introduced students to computational design through a unique data-driven workflow using Rhino, Grasshopper, and Scout, an interactive 3D web platform for visual exploration of design and data. It expanded the imagination and scope of the model to include geospatial data at multiple scales — cities, neighborhoods, and buildings — to capture the nuances of urban dwellings. Students developed technical skills alongside a critical understanding of computational design, creating tools to measure performance, drawing with data, and visualization for decision making. The projects focused on the urban scale and developed new spatial metrics, data visualization, performative zoning/policies, and data-driven building types. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences. <DATA VISUALIZATION FOR ARCHITECTURE, URBANISM AND THE HUMANITIES> [Fall 2021] Jia Zhang This class introduced students to key concepts in the design of information visualization (and interactivity). Students put theory to practice in discussions that critically engaged with the visualizations. They also produced visualizations by hand and by code that were interactive, public-facing, and live on the web.

Specifically, they learned and used the javascript library D3.

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<ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING & REPRESENTATION I> Josh Uhl, Jelisa Blumberg, Andrea Chiney, Zachary White

Carmen Chan

Xavier Zhapan-Sullivan

Erisa Nakamura

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Mariam Jacob

Will Cao Kelly He

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232 <VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE: WORLD BUILDING & VIRTUAL REALITY> Nitzan Bartov

Yefei Guo, Ningyuan Deng, Jiaying Qu

Ata Gün Aksu, Ethan Davis, Malvina Mathioudaki

Lichong Tong, Xin Chen, Jiazheng Zhang

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<POWER TOOLS> Jelisa Blumberg, Lexi Tsien

Kimberly Ramirez

Kim Langat, Cecile Kim, Joyce Zhou

Laura Blaszczak

Zoona Aamir, Emma Sumrow, Paige Haskett

Visual Studies

234 <METHODS IN SPATIAL RESEARCH> Dare Brawley

Varisa Tantiwasadakran Vinay Agrawal

Lindsay Papke

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<RE-THINKING BIM> Joseph Brennan (Spring 2022), Mark Green (Fall 2021)

Ece Cetin, Yingjie Liu, Yukun Tian, Yulong Fan

Daniela Beraún, Rubén Gómez Gañán

Ralph Cheng, Xinan Tan

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236 <TECHNIQUES OF THE ULTRAREAL> Joseph Brennan, Phillip Crupi

Jiamin Huang

Ece Cetin, Radha Kamdar, Malvina Mathioudaki, Aikaterini Papoutsa

Santiago Alvarez Santibañez, Yuening Jiang, Siyu Xiao

Brennan Heyward, Samuel Bager, Joachym Joab

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<GRAPHIC ARCHITECTURE PROJECT I: DESIGN AND TYPOGRAPHY> Yoonjai Choi

Ana Paola Hernández Derbez

Andres J. Alvarez-Davila

Audrey Dandenault

Visual Studies

238 <DATAMINING THE CITY I> Richard Chou

Jacob Kackley, Yi Liang, Shelly Xu, Xin Chen

Audrey Leong, Stella Dai, Taha Erdem Öztürk

Yining Shen Kenny Zhou, Rae Lei

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<HETERODOX ARCHITECTURES: RECONSTRUCTING THE PRACTICE IN THE ERA OF COMMITMENTS> Juan Herreros

Nick Roseboro

Daniela Beraún

Rocio Crosetto Brizzio

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<MODEL FICTIONS> Josh Jordan

John Trujillo, Joyce Zhou, Sophia Le

Nik Bentel, Ryan Hansen, Adam Vosburgh

Carley Pasqualotto, Blake Kem, Ethan Davis

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<CODING FOR SPATIAL PRACTICES> Celeste Layne

Spenser Krut

Yuchen Qiu

Taha Erdem Öztürk Sonny Han

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242 <MAKE> Giuseppe Lignano, Ada Tolla

Rory Macfarlane Kassandra Lee

Graham Drennan Oliver Bradley

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<MAPPING FOR ARCHITECTURE URBANISM AND HUMANITIES> Juan Moreno

Phoenix Yang

Eleanor Birle

Jonghoon Park

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244 <GENERATIVE DESIGN I> Danil Nagy

Xuanyi Chen, Xiucong Han, Chuqi Huang, Duo Xu, Hao Zheng

Qingning Cao, Jiafeng Gu, Wanqi Jiang, Ruisheng Yang, Yifei Yuan

Ningyuan Deng, Shikang Ding, Jiaying Qu, Lichong Tong, Haotong Xia

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<SECTION B> <POINTS UNKNOWN: CARTOGRAPHIC NARRATIVES> Juan Saldarriaga

Galina Novikova, Linru Wang

Yi Hyun Kim, Shen Xin, Jackson Fordham

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246 <SEMINAR OF SECTION> Marc Tsurumaki

Minsung Kim

Sierra Heckman

Lucia Song

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<ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY> Michael Vahrenwald

Ahana Banker

Sophia Le

Daniel Chang

Aikaterini Papoutsa

248 <MEASURING THE GREAT INDOORS> Violet Whitney

Will Cao, Adam Vosburgh, Shen Xin

Jacob Kackley, Karan Matta, Kylie Walker, Takashi Honzawa

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<X INFORMATION MODELING I> Luc Wilson, Snoweria Zhang

Will Cao, Candice Ji, Mauricio Enrique Rada Orellana

Adam Vosburgh, Adeline Chum

Jules Kleithman, Aditi Sheye

Visual Studies

250 <DATA VISUALIZATION FOR ARCHITECTURE, URBANISM, AND THE HUMANITIES> Jia Zhang

Shinan Liu Spenser Krut

Takashi Honzawa

Shuhua Li, Rongxin Tang, Kenny Zhou

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<SPECULATIVE CITY: CRISIS, TURMOIL, AND PROJECTIONS IN ARCHITECTURE> David Eugin Moon

Lucia Song

Changbin Kim

Zenah Sakaamini

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Building Technology Lola Ben-Alon Building practices, even those supported by technology, are – like all human actions – necessarily contingent upon materials, social, and institutional arrangements, and are thus embodied, situated, and messy. Technologies themselves may condition design, and the lives of those who practice it and work behind the scenes for it. As David Benjamin writes in his editorial book Embodied Energy and Design (pg. 13), “buildings are ideas made physical and they carry with them silent histories of the extractions, labor, and supply chains that are then manifested into an operational structure with dynamically moving parts.” With emerging global challenges of social and environmental equity that arise from resource scarcity and public health emergencies, the Building Tech sequence takes a strong position to forward novel approaches to making buildings more resource-aware, comfortable (dare we say, pleasurable?), and available for all.

At the heart of this sequence are the required TECH I–IV courses that take a new stance in threading technology, ecology, climate, and health considerations in existing buildings, integrating environmental, structural, mechanical, enclosure, and circulation systems through intense drawing and fabrication processes.

Additionally, an array of elective courses are curated as part of the sequence mission to create novel and radical experimental forms of building technologies, while celebrating the tactile interaction between humans, more-thanhuman species, materials, structures, and the built and natural environments. The Building Tech electives cover a range of topics, from landscape technologies and 1:1 fabrication of details, to healthy materials and supply chains of low-carbon and readily available assemblies. This course selection not only provides software tools for performance analysis and making practices, but also cultivates radical interventions to crafting new ways of understanding and imagining resource justice, anti-racist vernacular, construction slowness, recovery, and wellbeing.

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<TECH I: ENVIRONMENTS IN ARCHITECTURE> [Fall 2021] Lola Ben-Alon This course introduced building technology responses for energy conservation and natural conditioning, human comfort, and the site-specific dynamics of climate and environments. To illuminate the significance of architectural design decision-making on energy consumption and comfort, students explored design specifications and modifications for a residential building. They integrated an understanding of the basic laws of comfort and heat flow with the variables of the local environment to create design adaptations for their work. This course also introduced an overview of world energy consumption in buildings and energy rating systems through lectures on building energy and emerging responsibilities for a broader definition of sustainability. It concluded with a critical and explorative visual communications exercise of environmental considerations that integrated natural and passive systems as well as the potentially dynamic interface of mechanical systems. <TECH II: STRUCTURES IN ARCHITECTURE> [Spring 2022] Zak Kostura This course provided students with an understanding of what structural design means and how it’s carried out. Students became familiar with basic elemental forms, structural assemblies and systems, and new and emerging materials.

Through project-based and hands-on work, students gained an understanding of structure, empowering them to integrate their newfound technical knowledge including load-resisting systems into architectural concepts. <TECH III: ENVELOPES> [Fall 2021] Gabrielle Brainard, Thomas Reiner This course introduced students to the technical design of structural and building envelope systems. The course was divided into two modules, each taught by a specialist in that subject. The first module covered structural design criteria, building structural design, and common structural systems and materials. The second module focused on envelope design principles, system typologies, performance criteria, documentation strategies, and considerations of project execution (fabrication, installation, cost). Through design and detailing exercises, students engaged with the material presented during class and developed a hands-on understanding of both structural and envelope systems. <TECH IV: BUILDING SYSTEMS INTEGRATION> [Fall 2021] Berardo Matalucci This capstone course brought together key areas of previous coursework in life safety, fire protection, environmental systems, structure, and enclosures to apply the knowledge, concepts, and principles on these subjects to a design-based project. This course took a fresh look at each system within a building. What are the key drivers, requirements, and intentions around each system? What are techniques to rapidly iterate around design ideas and strategies? It focused on a developed and applied understanding of how the parts of constructed form get put together. What drives the key decisions of a project? Where do technical constraints appear in massing, egress, structure, mechanical systems? <TECH V: CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS> [Spring 2022] Nicole Dosso This class followed an analytical approach to dissection to gain an in-depth understanding of select building conditions. Through this process, students gained a comprehensive understanding of detail components, interrelationships, and construction sequencing. During the first half of the semester, students developed drawings and a physical three-dimensional printed model that documented the components and sequencing of one of the predefined building conditions: Floor Assembly, Vertical Transportation, and Curtainwall. During the second half, students traced the evolution of the design process from shop drawings back through the architectural phases of design documentation (schematic, design development, and construction documents).

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<CONSERVATION OF BRICK, TERRA COTTA, AND STONE> [Fall 2021] Daniel Allen, Norman Weiss This course explored a complex group of traditional masonry materials: brick, terracotta, and stone. Specifically, it provided a historical overview of the manufacturing and sourcing of these architectural materials with a focus on the 18th century to the present; an understanding of some fundamental material properties in relation to their use and deterioration in a range of masonry construction systems; and an exploration of state-of-the-art means and methods of their repair, maintenance, and conservation. <IF BUILDINGS COULD TALK> [Spring 2022] Sharon Ayalon The histories of art and technology intertwine in multiple ways in the buildings of urban environments. Both possess the power to reproduce power relations or subvert them and, when combined, become a powerful tool to elicit social change.

Specifically, the course targeted the question of distinctions and boundaries through the way a building interacts with its immediate surroundings — both physically and socially. Through lectures and readings, this course examined precedents of collaborative and participatory art projects that use advanced technology and big data. Through the workshop, the students developed an artistic intervention to analyze, critique, understand, and create better connections between Avery Hall and the Harlem neighborhood. <FOOTPRINT: CARBON AND DESIGN> [Spring 2022] David Benjamin In the context of the climate crisis, there has never been a more important moment to think clearly and critically about the footprint of architecture.

Carbon footprint is the most famous — and most urgent — impact of buildings, but it is interconnected with other footprints such as energy, water, labor, fairness, and biodiversity. This seminar and workshop conducted research into carbon accounting, examined the history and relationships between various systems of environmental measurement, invented new forms of visualizing the footprint of architecture, and developed strategies for designing low-carbon buildings and cities. Students developed a position about designing the footprint of architecture rather than merely measuring it and envisioned a project involving this context. <NET ZERO HOUSING: A MACHINE WITH A POETIC BIAS> [Fall 2021] Andreas Benzing This course introduced building science principles to the tectonic treatment of the massing of an existing residential building in New York City. The course explored the physical built environment: how the performance factor “energy balance” is influenced by climate conditions, spectral and thermal properties of materials, and the human body. The course introduced tectonic principles as a possibility to express the thermal characteristics of the building skin and relate it to the human body. This approach to building performance explored form and geometry, mass and void, light and shadow, and art form and core form. The lectures and exercises provoked questions to search for solutions in a methodical and morphological approach as they relate to the performance of a building. <BUILDING THE ENGINE: INDUSTRY AND THE AFRICAN URBAN AGENDA> [Spring 2022] Fatou Dieye By 2050, it is estimated that nearly 65% of Africa’s population will be urban.

Historically, the urbanization process ushered in a period of intense economic activity, driven by a concentrated and increasing demand for space (buildings) and services (infrastructure). The relationship between a country’s level of construction activity, its urbanization rate, and its stage of economic development has been the subject of study for many years. While typically understood at the national level, the mechanics of the construction industry and its impacts on economic development can best be understood at the urban level. This course aimed to interrogate existing urbanization policies, building practices, and planning agendas to create linkages and capitalize on opportunities to ensure sustainable and equitable growth in Africa’s growing cities.

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<MAN, MACHINE, AND THE INDUSTRIAL LANDSCAPE> [Fall 2021] Sean Gallagher This course examined past, present, and future strategies for meeting the growing industrial and infrastructural demands of human civilization. It explored the emerging post-industrial relationships between the people, industry, and ecology that have the potential to define how human civilization can thrive globally within the planet’s biospheric constraints. During the semester, the class visited both industrial and post-industrial sites of material extraction, refinement, production, distribution, and sequestration. Students produced writings and drawings analyzing and re-imagining the potential futures of global community structures and networks.

On a broader level, this course was a means for each student to develop a personal manifesto or thesis for why and how urban planners and architects can influence the necessary change in how humans structure global habitation. <THE OUTSIDE-IN PROJECT> [Spring 2022] Laurie Hawkinson, Galia Solomonoff This seminar investigated, documented, designed, built, and programmed the activities at a temporary pavilion to be erected by the participants at the Columbia campus. The seminar included research into precedents for temporary pavilions, progress into the design, feasibility study, structural and mechanical consulting and review, project management budget management, and construction. <TRANSITIONAL GEOMETRIES> [Fall 2021] Josh Jordan This course investigated tiling and modular fabrications from two simultaneous motivations. The first explored the organizational, experiential, and aesthetic performance of units and repetition in architectural composition. This trajectory of the course considered the history and application of tiling effects and techniques in the making of architecture and studied the geometric principles that lead to existing and potentially new systems of connections of parts. The second developed the skill sets involved in fabricating the units through mold-making, casting substances, and other shop-based materials and methods. This trajectory looked at the mold-making craft as an analog to construction logics writ large, efficiencies and economies of modular fabrication, and the development of fabrication systems that apply the lessons of the first trajectory in new and innovative ways. <TENSILE/COMPRESSION SURFACES IN ARCHITECTURE> [Fall 2021] Robert Marino In the history of architecture, few forms engender thoughts of the Platonic Ideal.

One thinks of the perfect architectural form: a combination of efficient use of material and labor at hand, an intelligent encapsulation of space for a particular use, and a structurally precise concept. There is no better summary of this way of working than in understanding shells. Through visual presentations by the instructor, an invited architect, or a field visit, this course engaged themes of the production of architectural shells in both the history of architecture and as pure, theoretical physical/structural constructions. With this, students developed the construction of a shell, and the consideration of its theoretical form, the techniques of its fabrication, and the materials of its construction. <1:1 CRAFTING AND FABRICATION OF DETAILS> [Fall 2021] Zachary Mulitauaopele 1:1 focused on advanced detailing, fabrication, and assembly techniques.

It challenged the conventional illustrative mode of architectural detailing by using 1:1 material exploration to facilitate design ideation and spatial speculation. The course encouraged curious fabrication, rogue detailing, and imaginative research into new potentials for building assemblies. Students iteratively built a totem, a remixed, and on-the-fly response to the default wall mock-up. Shifting through scales of a building, they tracked the spatial and technical trajectory of detailing custom hardware, new wall typologies, structural abnormalities, and fully customized building skins. These totems, thought of as a living prototype, were connected to form a mini pavilion to further the unforeseen spatial relationships.

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<HEALTHY BUILDING MATERIALS> [Spring 2022] Catherine Murphy At a time when society is acutely focused on human health, vulnerable populations, and the inequity that exists due to a range of socio-economic barriers, the relationships between health and the built environment are more vivid than ever. This course addressed how architects can overcome the negative health outcomes that have been caused by toxins in building products. Students explored the relationships between building materials, chemical toxicity, and environmental exposures that directly impact human health and the communities which are most adversely affected. Through precedent studies and presentations from leaders in material health, architecture, public health, sustainability, and science, this course aimed to empower students to transform architectural practice with the knowledge that healthier buildings lead to healthier lives. <ARCHITECTURAL DAYLIGHTING> [Spring 2022] Davidson Norris Daylight has played a key role in the perception, aesthetics, and function of the built environment from its inception. The masterful play of light depends on the designer’s grasp of both the technical requirements and spatial opportunities of natural light. This course provided instruction in both, covering topics including daylight and health, energy and productivity, daylight and perception, daylight in the atmosphere, daylight and the site, daylight and the section, architectural shading, calculating the daylight factor graphically, and calculating daylight luminance and illuminance digitally using Rhino/Diva. Over the semester, students developed perceptual as well as technical daylighting acuities.

They built physical models to test and demonstrate an architectural daylighting phenomenon of their choosing, located within their studio project. <CONSTRUCTION ECOLOGIES> [Spring 2022] Thomas Schaperkotter This course navigated the histories, theories, technologies, and ecologies of construction while posing critical questions about architecture’s myriad possibilities for revitalized social and ecological narratives commensurate with the existential challenges of the Anthropocene. Construction technics, metrics, and ethics were explored within a disciplinary shift from the perception of buildings as autonomous objects toward an understanding of buildings as inherently open and perpetual socio-ecological processes. Through this system boundary, the course challenged the prevailing paradigm of innovation and offered nonmodern alternatives through inquiries of energy, carbon, capital, care, repair, labor equity, and life cycle assessment. Students explored these imperatives, learning to characterize contemporary architectural and construction practices through the terrestrial web of matter and energy that constitute the temporary vessels inhabited as buildings. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies Sequence. <FAÇADE DETAILING: A MATERIAL UNDERSTANDING> [Spring 2022] Kevin Schorn This course explored the detailed design of building cladding through an understanding of materials and their physical properties. It emphasized sketching details at large scales (often 1:1) by hand to facilitate a proper understanding of everything involved at the interface between the interior and exterior environments and the other necessary building systems. Students developed a deep understanding of many different cladding materials and what it takes to remain in command of the entire building process from design concept to built work. <ADVANCED CURTAIN WALL> [Fall 2021] Daniel Vos This course provided students with a comprehensive understanding of the concepts, processes, and skills necessary to design, detail, specify, and administer the construction of a custom curtain wall. As a dual seminar/studio format, students designed their own custom curtain wall, developed detailed drawings, and prepared

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Building Technology outline specifications. Seminar lectures introduced key concepts to understanding the principles of façade enclosure design and key performance features of unitized curtain wall systems. The lectures further explored the many material and aesthetic possibilities of curtain walls, explained design documentation methods and strategies, and reviewed the various phases of the process through which custom curtain walls are designed, engineered, and built.

<MAKING KIN WITH BIOMATERIALS> [Fall 2021] Chris Woebken New scientific, computational, philosophical, and evolutionary approaches emphasize the decisive role of the microbiome in the development and maintenance of complex life forms. With the dawning of the carbon-based period of modernity and the realization of the associated environmental costs, future scenarios are full of visions for newly envisioned uses of or, rather, collaborations with microorganisms. This course theoretically and practically investigated and revealed these mutual relationships and multispecies collaborations across all scales.

Students interrogated different approaches of industrial production, conceptualized and materialized objects that propose alternative approaches, and situated these artifacts within speculative frameworks and future developments. They designed prototypes for interfacing with biological systems in the form of grown materials, bioreactors, sampling instruments, or bio-receptive substrates. <RE-THINKING BIM> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Joseph Brennan, Mark Green This course provided foundational knowledge of building information modeling (BIM) practices, as well as relevant options for alternative design-platform interoperability and integration. Sessions included case-study review and discussion, critical analysis of design and design-technology strategies, and overall exposure to diverse approaches to industry design practices. Guest lecturers introduced industry-proven examples of platform integrations, and demonstrated methodologies for students to consider for their design problem.

The guest lectures each took a different lens of informed design interventions and interoperability, including computational and iterative design, advanced interoperability for design optimization, performance-based strategies to address energy and environmental design considerations, and cloud-BIM strategies to iterate at the detail level of building articulation. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences. <MODEL FICTIONS> [Spring 2022] Josh Jordan In this course, students engaged the skills, ideas, and technologies shared between the practices of production design (for film) and architecture, considering three topics around which this overlap occurs: the methodological, the conceptual, and the technical. Methodologically, students studied the scale model as a medium for expressing and developing a moving, complex design idea. Conceptually, they discussed the role of designers as storytellers and authors of unique environments in which characters live and actions occur. Technically, they utilized the tools of the GSAPP shops (and those of their design) to stage, animate, and capture new forms of representation of these stories, worlds, and ideas in motion. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences. <GENERATIVE DESIGN I> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Danil Nagy This course introduces students to the basic concepts of generative design and teaches them how to create complex models that can be controlled and evaluated by an automated search algorithm. The Python programming language is introduced as a way to amplify the generative complexity of parametric models in Grasshopper. We also cover techniques for evaluating designs including using third-party Grasshopper plugins for structural and environmental analysis. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences.

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<MEASURING THE GREAT INDOORS> [Fall 2021] Violet Whitney This course explored techniques for working with data from the physical world, with the aim of understanding and manipulating dynamic, interactive environments.

Students used hardware (sensors, microprocessors, computer vision cameras), software (IFTTT and Processing), and their powers of observation to characterize and design phenomenological aspects of “the great indoors.” Their investigations explored how humans can heighten their connection to the physical world and each other while stuck at home. Using their own homes as a basis, students designed digital interactions–like spatial user experiences, or physical telepresence–that engaged the five senses and all three dimensions. While this course involved the technical aspects of building science and digital technologies, its primary aim was to encourage students to consider dynamic spatial and environmental qualities in their design work. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences. <X INFORMATION MODELING I> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Luc Wilson, Snoweria Zhang Data is the language of cities. This data is inherently spatial, and designers and planners are uniquely suited to leverage it for informed decision-making.

Accordingly, this course introduced students to computational design through a unique data-driven workflow using Rhino, Grasshopper, and Scout, an interactive 3D web platform for visual exploration of design and data. It expanded the imagination and scope of the model to include geospatial data at multiple scales — cities, neighborhoods, and buildings — to capture the nuances of urban dwellings. Students developed technical skills alongside a critical understanding of computational design, creating tools to measure performance, drawing with data, and visualization for decision making. The projects focused on the urban scale and developed new spatial metrics, data visualization, performative zoning/policies, and data-driven building types. This course is cross-listed in the Visual Studies and Building Tech Sequences.

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<TECH I: ENVIRONMENTS IN ARCHITECTURE> Lola Ben-Alon

Ali Kamal, Eric Hagerman, Megan Jones

Carmen Chan, Jared Orellana, Sherry Aine Te

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Isaiah Graham, Juliana Yang

Ian Callender, Gio Kim, Adam Fried

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<TECH II: STRUCTURES IN ARCHITECTURE> Zak Kostura

Zack Bryson, Andrew Chee, Rachel Chen, Emilie Kern, Jamon Mok

Brianna Love, Kelsey Jackson, Maura Costello, Teonna Cooksey, Xavier Zhapan-Sullivan

Adam Fried, Gio Kim, Ian Callender, Hanna Wiegers, Anna Nanju Kim

Kelly He, Mohamed Ismail, Daniel Li, Rilka Li, David Zhang

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Ali Kamal, Alice Lin, Anoushka Mariwala, Juliana Yang, Meghan Jones

Carmen Chan, Jillian Katz, Mikhail Kossir, Jared Orellana, Sherry Aine Te, Rajvardhan Thorat

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<TECH III: ENVELOPES> Gabrielle Brainard, Thomas Reiner

Samuel Bager, Alex He, Julie Kim, Charlie Liu, Chi Chi Wakabayashi

Thaigo Lee, Blake Kem, Khadija ann Tarver, Stephen Zimmerer, Aaron Smolar

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Rebecca Faris, Nicolas Nefiodow, Daniel Chang, Yifei Yuan, Jonghoon Park

Shining Hong, Jixuan Li

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<TECH IV: BUILDING SYSTEMS INTEGRATION> Berardo Matalucci

Blake Kem, Thiago Lee, Aaron Smolar, Khadija ann Tarver, Stephen Zimmerer

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Hanyu Liu, Kaixi Tu, Chiao Dongxiao Yang, Ruisheng Yang, Zixiao Zhu

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<TECH V: CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS> Nicole Dosso

Saba Ardeshiri, Karen Wang, Stephen Zimmerer

Zina Berrada, Nicolas Nefiodow Pineda, Nararya Radinal, Ruisheng Yang

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Alex He, Shuyang Huang, Charlie Liu, William Rose

Shining Hong, Kerol Kaskaviqi, Seung Ho Shin, Yifei Yuan

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270 <IF BUILDINGS COULD TALK> Sharon Ayalon

Aikaterini Papoutsa, Kennedy VanTrump, Eric Hagerman, Laurin Moseley, Zhanhao Fan, Mu Dong Jung Yunha Choi, Lula Chou, Cesar Delgado, Benjamin Diller-Schatz, Max Goldner, Changbin Kim, Erisa Nakamura

Bisheng Hong, Chuqi Huang, Hazel Villena, Hao Zheng, Xinan Tan

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<FOOTPRINT: CARBON AND DESIGN> David Benjamin

Lucas Coelho Netto

Ana Paola Hernández Derbez

Farouk Kwaning

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272 <NET ZERO HOUSING: A MACHINE WITH A POETIC BIAS> Andreas Benzing

Zak Meghrouni-Brown Hao Ma

Maxim Kolbowski-Frampton

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<THE OUTSIDE IN PROJECT> Laurie Hawkinson, Galia Solomonoff Students: Abriannah Aiken, Ata Gun Aksu, Priscilla Auyeung, Omar Badriek, Aahana Banker, Rourke Brakeville, Ece Cetin, Kurt Cheang, Lucas de Menezes Pereira, Anoushae Eirabie, Ryan Hansen, Bisheng Hong, Sunghyun Kim, Yining Lai, Vasco Li, Gustavo Lopez Mendoza, Andrew Manion, Eugene Massey, Zakios Meghrouni-Brown, Risa Mimura, Keneilwe Ramaphosa, Maria Ramirez, Hannah Stollery, Jordan Trager, Yusuf Urlu, Hazel Villena, Hyosil Yang

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<TRANSITIONAL GEOMETRIES> Josh Jordan

Keneilwe Ramaphosa Alyna Karachiwala

Estefania Haydee Serrano Soto

Sungyun Kim

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<TENSILE/COMPRESSION SURFACES IN ARCHITECTURE> Robert Marino

Nelson De Jesus Ubri

Martha Hughes

Sean D. Skaskiw

Meichen Wang

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276 <1:1 CRAFTING AND FABRICATION OF DETAILS> Zachary Mulitauaopele

Mickaella Pharaon, Gustavo Lopez Mendoza

Sonny Han

Charul Punia, Jordan Readyhough

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<HEALTHY BUILDING MATERIALS> Catherine Murphy

Hallie Chuba, Andrew Magnus, Cemre Tokat

Irmak Turanli, Qingfan Wu

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278 <ARCHITECTURAL DAYLIGHTING> Davidson Norris

Sophia Yiyang Zhang

Xianming Zhou

Kerol Kaskaviqi

Jin Noh

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<CONSTRUCTION ECOLOGIES> Thomas Schaperkotter

Sierra Heckman Mariam Jacob

Mingyue Zhang, Yuli Wang

Vinay Agrawal

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280 <FAÇADE DETAILING: A MATERIAL UNDERSTANDING> Kevin Schorn

Jiafeng Gu, Hao Ma, Duo Xu

Shuyang Huang, Ryan Alexander, Maxim Kolbowski-Frampton

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<ADVANCED CURTAIN WALL> Daniel Vos

Yuchen Qiu

Kurt Cheang

Jin Noh

Ryan Hansen

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282 <MAKING KIN WITH BIOMATERIALS> Chris Woebken

Adeline Chum, Jules Kleitman, Aditi Shetye Kaeli Streeter, Ethan Davis, Camille Newton

Tashania Akemah, Brianna Love, Gloria Mah, Carmen Yu

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<RE-THINKING BIM> Joseph Brennan, Mark Green

Yiruo Li, Yingying Zhou

Audrey Dandenault, Daniel Kim, Leo Wan Ana Paola Hernández Derbez, Vasco Li

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284 <MODEL FICTIONS> Josh Jordan

Kylie Walker, Jordan Readyhough, Jules Kleitman

Meichen Wang, Enrique Bejarano

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<GENERATIVE DESIGN I> Danil Nagy

Yining Lai, Risa Mimura, Zihan Sun, Bingyu Xia, Gejin Zhu

Jialu Deng, Yinlei Pang Wenxuan Xu, Can Yang, Qingyang Yu

Eric Chyou, Seok Hyun Kim, Sunghyun Kim, Junho Lee, Kyounghwa Lee, Hao Zhong

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Xiangru Zhao, Xumin Chen

Yiyi Gao

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History and Theory Reinhold Martin The History and Theory of Architecture curriculum at Columbia GSAPP aims to develop a critical, historical consciousness among students preparing for diverse forms of architectural practice. Central to this is a worldly understanding, in depth and in breadth, of a complex cultural, social, ecological, and technological past. The bearing of that past on contemporary debates and practices is an important focus, as is the relation of architectural history to other disciplines. From the outset, the curriculum equips students with questions suited to ongoing inquiry into “global” or planetary history, with an emphasis on both continuity and change.

The process of critical inquiry begins in the first year, with the two-semester core sequence, “Questions in Architectural History,” focused on the interaction of architecture and modernity across two centuries and taught by a group of senior history and theory faculty.

In addition to introducing students to key examples, themes, and relationships, the course asks whose history is being studied, how, and why. The sequence continues into the second and third years with a series of distribution requirements that allow students to pursue selected topics in greater depth, while ensuring exposure to a range of geographically, culturally, and historically diverse contexts and subject matter. Students may also take related courses in humanities departments across the University to meet or supplement these requirements.

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<QUESTIONS IN ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY II> [Spring 2022] Alexandra Quantrill, Nader Vossoughian, Ateya Khorakiwala Following Questions in Architectural History I, this course focused on selected questions and problems that have, over the past two centuries, helped to define architecture’s modernity. Organized thematically more than chronologically, the course situated developments in Europe and North America in relation to worldwide processes, including trade, imperialism, nationalism, and industrialization. These historical forces are transformed and complicated by new forms of internationalism, post-nationalism, and globalization as they encounter new generations of technology and new social, scientific, institutional, and subjective formations. As with QAH1, the course considered specific questions and problems around differences that are also connections, antitheses that are also interdependencies, and conflicts that are also alliances. The resulting tensions animated architectural discourse and practice throughout the period and continue to shape our present. <QUESTIONS IN ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY I> [Fall 2021] Lucia Allais, Reinhold Martin, Mabel O. Wilson This course treated the history of architectural modernity as a contested, geographically and culturally uncertain category, for which periodization is both necessary and contingent. The course began with the apotheosis of the European Enlightenment and the early phases of the industrial revolution in the late eighteenth century. From there, it proceeded in a rough chronology through the “long” nineteenth century. Developments in Europe and North America were situated in relation to worldwide processes including trade, imperialism, nationalism, and industrialization. Sequentially, the course considered specific questions and problems that form around differences that are also connections, antitheses that are also interdependencies, and conflicts that are also alliances.

The resulting tensions animated architectural discourse and practice throughout the period and continue to shape our present. <ARCHITECTURE AND MONEY> [Spring 2022] Lucia Allais, Zeynep Çelik Alexander This course studied the relationship between architecture and money across modern history in a way that acknowledges their reciprocal influence, despite the increasingly differentiated discourses that surround them. It covered themes central to recent scholarship in the history of capitalism (real estate, speculation, debt, credit, insurance, etc.) and revisited architectural tropes (mechanization, artifactuality, development, labor, markets, etc.) in an attempt to better understand the historical relationship between the economy and architecture’s discourses and practices. The course focused particularly on texts and artifacts that help rethink traditional periodizations and geographies of architectural modernity. Rather than subscribing to a teleology of dematerialization in which “all that is solid meltsinto air,” this course provided a detailed account of modernity that acknowledges drifts, deviations, and unexpected survivals. <HOUSING AFTER SCARCITY: POLICY, ENERGY, SETTLEMENT> [Spring 2022] Michael Bell This seminar traced histories of scarcity and investigated how scarcity has been constructed and sustained over nearly a century of United States housing policy.

Its focus ranged from 19th-century poor houses to federal, state, and city public housing; to mortgage-backed private housing and mobility. The course employed themes of scarcity and its manifestation in housing to investigate if renewable energy portends a future where scarcity is made untenable by the very consistency of solar and other forms of renewable energy. <EPHEMERAL ARCHITECTURE AND FALSIFIED CITIES: UTOPIAN VISIONS FOR LATIN AMERICA> [Fall 2021] Luis E. Carranza This research seminar studied utopian communities conceived and planned throughout Latin America primarily in the 19th and 20th centuries. It considered the different forms proposed, the manifestos of their designers, and the context that engendered them and to which they responded. The course also looked at

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291 how these utopias and dystopias related to other international experiments in planning and in the conceptualization of intentional communities. In addition, it explored the ways through which utopias have been represented and/or given material form in order to understand how they become part of our collective utopian imaginaries.

<(UN) MODERN: EX-CENTRIC LATIN@/X SPATIAL PRACTICES> [Spring 2022] Luis E. Carranza This seminar investigated and interrogated the production of architecture and space associated with the Latin@/x community in the U.S. For this, it reconsidered the impact of works, ideas, and movements in Latin America on the development of new critical practices centered on the complex understandings of identity, history, and culture within North America. Discussions revolved around the intersections between race and ethnicity as drivers and definers of society.

They also focused on the complex negotiations — transcultural, de/reterritorialized, hybrid, and anthropophagic — of “peripheral” practices with the canon—the “centric,” or “normative,” in their theorized and built forms. <THE URBAN IMAGE: MAPS, SURVEYS, AND PLANS IN 20TH CENTURY URBANISM> [Spring 2022] Benedict Clouette This seminar considered how image media has organized the discourses and practices of the urban professions — architecture, planning, urban design, and landscape architecture — in the last century. In so, it examined the history of a specific medium: the urban data map as used in processes of design and planning. Specifically, the seminar explored how the urban data map has shaped and been shaped by these fields and by events and conditions in cities. <TRADITIONAL AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE> [Fall 2021] Andrew Dolkart This course explored the architecture of the United States from the first buildings erected by Europeans in the early seventeenth century through the architecture of the late nineteenth century. Students examined iconic architectural monuments erected during this period, ranging from surviving colonial homes to the works of amateur and professional architects such as Peter Harrison, Charles Bulfinch, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Henry Latrobe, John Mills, A. J. Davis, Richard Upjohn, Frank Furness, and Henry Hobson Richardson. This course also explored vernacular buildings and the spread of architectural ideas into rural landscapes. It reviewed the evolving styles of architecture and forces behind developments in American design, discussing the impact of designers and theoreticians such as Frederick Law Olmsted, Andrew Jackson Downing, and Richard Morris Hunt. <HOUSING DEPRESSION-ERA NEW YORK> [Spring 2022] Andrew Dolkart This seminar explored housing in New York City between the stock market crash and the entry of the United States into World War II. Through discussions, site visits, and student presentations, the course explored the complex issues of housing during an economic downturn. It examined building types and apartment plan types that developed during the era and investigated issues of real estate finance, neighborhood redevelopment, and apartment marketing. <CONSTRUCTING URBAN IMAGINARIES: THE ARAB CITY IN FILM> [Fall 2021] Yasser Elsheshtawy This course focused on the Arab world, specifically using film to explore and interpret various aspects of the region’s urban experiences. Set within a larger theoretical framework that interrogated the relationship between cinema and urbanism, it examined both contemporary and classical movies which have dealt with the urban environment of Arab cities. The discussion was contextualized through a careful reading of urban discourses pertaining to these cities. The main objective was to de-exceptionalize the Arab city and to offer an alternative urban imaginary that emanates from the region rather than one being formed by outsiders.

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<ARAB MODERNISM(S): EXPERIMENTS IN HOUSING, 1945-PRESENT> [Spring 2022] Yasser Elsheshtawy Housing — more than any other building typology — encapsulates themes of displacement, identity, urban growth, and inequality. The home is a specific space through which one can read a society’s sense of self — its very essence. This applies to both state-led initiatives and informal forms of dwelling. In looking at housing forms across the region and the various experiments carried out over the 20th and 21st centuries, this course explored the very nature of the Arab city. <HISTORIES OF AMERICAN CITIES> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Jennifer Gray This course surveyed urbanism in the U.S. from the colonial era to the present. During these years, industrialization, urbanization, and mass migrations fueled by an expanding market economy transformed the built environment.

Students learned about ambitious urban plans, exceptional architects, and iconic buildings. Conversely, they also learned about everyday spaces such as shopping malls, suburbs, and highways. In addition, students explored questions about race, gender, inequality, and militarism as they relate to urban space. They unpacked the meaning of terms such as modernism, democracy, and American and considered them in a global context, especially concerning the geopolitical relationship between North and South America. They also engaged topics in critical preservation, such as ecological conservation and curatorial practices. <ARCHITECTURAL ARGUMENTS: BUILDINGS AND RHETORIC IN THE AGE OF MEDIA> [Spring 2022] Eva Hagberg This course asked whether buildings can have meaning and, if yes, how so.

Using a variety of approaches including the internet, newspapers, film, television, buildings, and other modes of architecture and architectural discourse, the course investigated the presence of arguments, ideas, and tactics within the built environment. Students explored whether an explicitly legible reading of buildings is possible, whether architecture is particularly constituted in any one medium, and what seeing the built environment as a mode of argument does for both the profession and the world. In addition, students developed skills for the formal, phenomenological, historical, and theoretical analysis of individual buildings and their representations of various types; archival research; contextual and media analysis; and writing at both an academic and a critical level. <ADVANCED PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE> [Spring 2022] Robert Herrmann This course immersed students in all aspects of the practice and business of architecture and provided them with the opportunity to play different roles and interact with guest speakers with diverse backgrounds in design and construction. <ARCHITECTURE AND DEVELOPMENT> [Fall 2021] Ateya Khorakiwala This course considered the political economy of the post-WW2 Global South to investigate the landscapes and built environments transformed by new governmental projections of demographics, statistics, and logistics and by the subjectivity engendered by technocratic ideas of modernization. What were the effects of these theories on land tenure, infrastructure, housing, institution building, and village and town planning? Who were the experts who determined policy in new nation-states?

And how did architects enter into this crowded fray to remake their field?

In this course, readings ranging from primary documents of global foundations in the developmental world to critical texts on film and art practices aimed to capture the experience of state and subject making in the decolonizing world. <ARGUMENTS> [Summer 2021] Andrés Jaque The course interrogated the way architectural devices and architectural practices gain collective relevance, by participating in environmental, technological and representational alliances, solidarities, defiances, disputes and controversies.

Organized around a series of invitations to relevant scholars, professionals,

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293 artists, scientists or activists, this course has as its main goal an interrogation of the way architecture is part of the realities that shape the evolution of the world’s societies and ecosystems. In brief, the course scrutinized trajectories, agendas, tools, performances, compositions and methodologies; and the way in which they take part in forms of political engagement that architectural realities, artifacts, and practices participate in.

<TRANSCALARITIES> [Summer 2021] Andrés Jaque Operating as a cauldron of collective research and critical discussion, Transscalarities explores the way architectural design operates politically, societally, and environmentally by unfolding discontinuous interconnections across scales. <FEASTING AND FASTING> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Ateya Khorakiwala This course considered the bodily politics and the body politic that resulted from regimes of eating in colonial and postcolonial worlds. How did “taste,” both gustatory and aesthetic, shape networks of empire? How do these colonial and imperial networks drive architectural and urban forms today? From the kitchen to the street and from the field to the abattoir, this course discussed how ideas of consumption shape bodies and commodities. Students read, among other things, cookbooks written by women living in slums and how they dovetail into art festivals.

They explored the histories of sugar and their plantations and how this commodity came to saturate the public. Ultimately, this course looked at art and architectural practices that have playfully and perversely taken food as their subject. <CONFLICT URBANISM> [Spring 2022] Laura Kurgan Conflict Urbanism as a term designates not simply that conflict that take place in cities, but also that conflict is a structuring principle of cities, as a way of inhabiting and creating urban space. The theme is topical in light of the increasing urbanization of warfare and the policing and surveillance of everyday life, however, conflict is not limited to war and violence. Cities are not only destroyed but also built through conflict. This seminar looks at the ways in which cities have long been arenas of friction, difference, and dissidence, as well as the ways in which their irreducibly conflictual character manifests itself in everything from neighborhood borders, to differences of opinion and status, to ordinary encounters on the street. Student work in Conflict Urbanism takes place through a single city or by comparing a series of cities examining the role conflicts of all sorts play in the making and remaking of cities around the world.

Conflicts can (and should) be investigated with maps and data, but they often turn out to be propelled or propagated by them as well. Bringing humanistic inquiry together with spatial data and basic mapping techniques will allow us to produce powerful representations as well as challenge conventional narratives of cities and conflict today. Cities are “seen” through a number of lenses including: mass incarceration, infrapolitics, urbanization of war, language ecology, migration (political, economic and climate), debt, algorithms and surveillance. <PRE-1800 CHINA: MELDED ARCHITECTURES> [Spring 2022] Amy Lelyveld This seminar explored experiments in Chinese building run across China before 1800.

The first three weeks of the seminar introduced the tools and language used to engage this territory. This grounding was combined with an introduction to the deep resources of NYC’s museums and Columbia’s research collections. <CHINA 1368–1912: SHIFTING STRUCTURES OF THE MING AND QING> [Fall 2021] Amy Lelyveld This seminar focused on experiments in Chinese building practices across China’s last two dynasties — the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912). Students investigated the distinct mindsets and innovations of each dynasty and how they were reimagining, representing, and radicalizing Chinese architecture and China itself.

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<METROPOLITAN SUBLIMES> [Fall 2021] Sandro Marpillero This seminar used the formation of New York as a metropolis in relation to the development of the Hudson Valley to explore the persistence of the Sublime, as addressed by Francois Lyotard. Through analysis of readings and artworks, students traced the evolution of the sublime from philosophy to the Hudson River School of painting, whose representation of landscape and technology played a significant role in establishing the city’s rhetorical constructs and focus on architectural superobjects. This course reconceived architecture as an environmental apparatus operating at multiple scales through the engagement of a complex circuitry of actors and through the reciprocal exchanges between participants in an aesthetic experience and the multiplicity of techniques structuring that experience. <MEDITERRANEAN CONFRONTATIONS: ARCHITECTURE, COLONIALISM AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN NORTH AFRICA> [Fall 2021] Mary McLeod This seminar examined architecture and urban planning in North Africa from Napoleon’s invasion of Egypt in 1798, through the French conquest of Algeria in 1830, the establishment of French protectorates in Tunisia (1881) and Morocco (1912), and the Italian colonization of Libya (1911), to the period of decolonization and post-independence, concluding with present-day struggles over national identity and governance. It focused on the role of modernization in both colonial and postcolonial societies — a process, while integrally connected to European power, dominance, and violence, is often complex and ambiguous. <THE THEORETICAL TURN IN ARCHITECTURE: 1960-2000: POST MODERNISM, DECONSTRUCTIVISM, FOLDING, BLOBS AND POST THEORY> [Fall 2021] Mary McLeod This seminar examined some of the theoretical and critical approaches in architecture debate from 1960 to the beginning of the twenty-first century. The course focused in particular on the question of meaning in architecture, beginning with approaches influenced by semiology and structuralism to establish an architecture of greater signification and concluding with recent trends influenced by poststructuralist theories that challenge the possibility of architecture meaning. The course concluded with addressing the current reaction against theory and the emergence of antitheoretical “theories” (technological determinism, Neo-Pragmatism, sensationalism, etc.). Certain classes considered general theoretical approaches, usually originating in philosophy or literary criticism, while others examined specific currents in architecture in relation to these theoretical approaches. <EVENTS IN MODERN ARCHITECTURE: EXHIBITIONS> [Spring 2022] Mary McLeod This seminar claimed that certain events changed architecture and ideas about modernity both within and outside the field. In this context, “event” referred to the occasions in which both old modes of practice are challenged and eroded and new possibilities or unforeseen avenues of creation emerge. Events thus invite a new sequence of thinking and action, one whose results might yet remain unknown.

In architecture, these occasions have involved different aspects of the discipline, whether it be materials and technology, composition, program, social objectives, clients, or institutional parameters. The mode or form of events varies, as does the scale of the change or transformation. It might involve a seminal building or urban plan but also a manifesto, a book, a competition, or an exhibition. <MODERNISM AND THE VERNACULAR> [Spring 2022] Mary McLeod This class explored the intersections between modern architecture and what is sometimes called “vernacular” building from the early twentieth century to the present. Other adjectives that have been used to describe buildings erected by non-architects (though often with considerable qualification) are “indigenous,” “spontaneous,” “anonymous,” “informal,” “folk,” “popular,” “rural,” and “primitive.”

This interest in vernacular forms also relates directly to concerns for “tradition” and “regionalism,” which modern architects have either embraced or dismissed with seemingly equal fervor.

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<STRUCTURAL DARING AND THE SUBLIME> [Spring 2022] Rory O’Neill Many works of pre-modern architecture are daring, poised at the very edge of structural stability. Others are well-supported but strive to give an illusion of precariousness or even of levitation. This seminar invited students to explore the sublime effects of precarious architecture through visual and literary representations and simulation models that examine the dynamic behavior of ancient and medieval monuments. Discussion topics included the a priori and culturally specific aspects of daring architecture, the ancient and medieval sense of the sublime and aesthetics, environmental psychology, and strategies for reading architectural forms. <RECOMBINANT RENAISSANCE> [Fall 2021] Mark Rakatansky Engaging the media of contemporary times, this seminar explored new forms of investigation in the digital humanities. Specifically, it looked at how the digital visualization techniques of architecture can make a fundamental contribution by evolving beyond merely documenting a building to provide innovative modes of critical and historical analysis. The course investigated the diverse ways digital visualization can be a crucial new lens of perception and communication. <MILITARY URBANISM IN THE EARLY MODERN ERA> [Fall 2021] Victoria Sanger Military Urbanism in the Early Modern Era looked at European military design as a catalyst in the process of conflict and dialogue across the globe, featuring the central figure of de Vauban. In this course, advanced architecture and urban history students learned to interpret and evaluate the historical forms of urban power struggles, social hierarchies, conflicts, and boundaries. They considered the impact of pre-1800 European architectural and urban history and heritage on their present world. <PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE> [Fall 2021] Paul Segal This course provided students with an understanding of the framework and processes by which designs become buildings. Topics included the relationship between owners and architects and owners and contractors, covering the duties, obligations, rights, and remedies of each. It also covered the public constraints or the public-private relationships by which individuals — owners and architects — have their rights limited for the sake of the public good. Students learned to protect their designs from concept to realization as well as some of the ethical and moral issues of practicing architecture. They also discussed the current state of the profession, where it is headed, and how to shape its future. <ARCHITECTURE CONCEPTS FROM 1968 TO THE PRESENT> [Spring 2022] Bernard Tschumi The “Architecture as Concept” seminar hypothesized that there is no architecture without a concept and that strong concepts differentiate important works of architecture from mere buildings. The course discussed one hundred projects from 1968 to the present in terms of their ability to mark the history of ideas in architecture. It also discussed differences between concepts, “partis,” diagrams, and compositions as well as between concepts, percepts, and affects. For each historical moment covered, the course also identified major concepts that have either become out of date (“against”) or are still relevant today (“for”), as measured by today’s moral, ideological, economic, or formal standards. It questioned whether, after modernism and post-modernism, society is witnessing a phase of ‘hypermodernism’ or modern iconism.

Editor’s Note: The seminar “Architecture Concepts from 1968 to the Present” led by Bernard Tschumi also took place during the Spring 2021 semester but was inadvertently omitted in Abstract 2021. The digital version of Abstract 2021 has been updated to reflect this correction.

<COLLECTING ARCHITECTURE TERRITORIES> [Spring 2022] Mark Wasiuta Opiates, oil, and tear gas. With the recent spate of biennial scandals, trustee departures, and donor refusals, we suddenly see art museums and cultural institutions

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History and Theory through the blur of chemically induced tears, the hazy stupefaction of opiates, and under the sign of the global death drive of fossil fuel extraction. Despite the new visibility of ties between capital and culture, museum practices, identities, and collections have long been conditioned by such ligatures of liquidity and connections to cash. Collecting Architecture Territories — this seminar and the GSAPP Research Initiative — tracked the recent evolution of this relationship by tuning into one of the most significant developments reshaping the intersection of art and architectural practice over the last three decades: the veritable explosion of institutions and foundations that have emerged out of private art collections. The project proposes that over the last decades the historical institution of the museum has been undergoing a transformation that requires new forms of spatial, territorial, and cultural analysis. Starting with this transformation the seminar asked what new conditions of collection and organization beyond its walls the mutation of the museum signals. The project considers architecture both as an agent that organizes, supports, and informs a range of contemporary collecting practices, but also increasingly as an object of collection in its own right.

<ARCHIVES OF TOXICITY> [Fall 2021] Mark Wasiuta Archives and toxicity proliferate. This seminar read this twin proliferation through environmental, atmospheric, and molecular texts, records, and inscriptions to outline a recent history of toxicity and to relate architecture, cities, and the air we breathe, to chemical traces and their accumulations. The seminar asked how toxicity — in all its forms, from petrochemicals to particulates, and from opiates to air pollution — became a salient and defining feature of the last century and an environmental, psychological, and cultural force conditioning our chemical subjectivities. The course grappled with the “depositing” of toxic and environmental archives — where they appear, where they are preserved, what toxic evidence they offer, and what chemicals and particulates they register. With particular attention to architecture, it asked how we might read toxicity not only as environmental tragedy or as the atmospheric unconscious of modernity, but also as sign and materialization of a culture of contamination. Borrowing tools and techniques from ecocriticism, the class located signs of toxicity across a range of sites and formations. Readings covered toxic histories, theories, and methodologies, and other texts that helped us assemble toxicity’s archives and interpret their spatial, urban, territorial, impact. <EXTREME DESIGN> [Fall 2021] Mark Wigley Art Nouveau is celebrated as a crucial incubator of modern architecture — dramatically rejecting history and inventing a new fluidity of space, light, and technology — and simultaneously dismissed as an ornamental practice that modern architecture left behind. This seminar returned to this short-lived but intense experiment to explore its inventions, complexities, enigmas, complicities, and criminalities. It focused on the work of three architects — Paul Hankar, Victor Horta, and Henry Van de Velde — based in Brussels, the very epicenter of Art Nouveau. It investigated projects by these architects while also looking at exhibitions and publications crucial to their ongoing work. Ultimately, it aimed to recognize the works of Art Nouveau in Brussels as extreme design and the dimensions of that work that can contribute to urgent questions facing design today. <THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE THEORY> [Fall 2021] Mark Wigley This class explored how theory is produced and deployed at every level of architectural discourse from formal written arguments to the seemingly casual discussions in the design studio. From Vitruvius to social media and from ancient treatises on parchment to flickering web pages and tweets, the course analyzed how the debate adapts itself to new conditions while preserving some relentless obsessions. Additionally, architectural discourse was understood as a wide array of interlocking institutions, each with its own histories and unique effects.

This course established how and why these various institutions were put in place and traced their historical transformations up until the present to see which claims about architecture have been preserved and which have changed.

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298 <THE ARAB CITY IN FILM: CONSTRUCTING URBAN IMAGINARIES> Yasser Elsheshtawy

Zenah Sekaamini, Jonathan Liang The Yacoubian Building 2006

Alea Ouazzani, Shireen Zeinab The Nile Hilton Incident 2017

Mickaella Pharaon, Yasmine Katkhuda, Jonathan Marty West Beirut 1998

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<CONFLICT URBANISM> Laura Kurgan

Aya Abdallah, Ryan Hansen, Yasmine Katkhuda Camp Urbanism

Jean Kim The Subway is New York City

Kirthi Balakrishnan, Mia Winther-Tamaki Street-Level Surveillance: Public Space into Police State

Praditi Singh, Surabhi Dahivalkar, Eryn Halvey Power, Politics, And Contestation In Dharavi Slums, Mumbai: A Counter-Map

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During the 2021-2022 academic year, students from Columbia GSAPP collaborated with students from Howard University and Tuskegee University as part of a new trans-institutional initiative.

Tourism, Tropicalization and the Architectural Image: Unpacking the Perception vs. Reality of Caribbean Architecture

Difference and Design

[Fall 2021] Dahlia Nduom

[Fall 2021] Justin Garrett Moore

This course, a collaboration with Howard University in Washington, D.C., explored the construction and dissemination of tourism related images to advance various political, social, cultural, and economic goals. The course focused on the Caribbean as a case study, investigating its projection in the cultural imaginary as a tropical paradise and the singular narrative of an “exotic” fantasy that has developed out of tourism related imagery. It unpacked the role architecture has played and continues to play in the development and perception of the Caribbean picturesque in tourism imagery and examines issues pertaining to the tourist gaze, colonial consumption, representation, authenticity, simulated space, perception of place, and the flattening of history.

Students analyzed various media used to disseminate tropicalized images (e.g. paintings, photographs, and postcards). Students studied these images alongside an analysis of physical architectural developments in tourist spaces to understand where architectural tropes have persisted in service of the tourist gaze.

Rather than monumentally reinforcing difference, design can be a process and a tool to positively and systematically address difference. A growing field of designers, organizations, and offices have shown that this work can be central or at least integral to architecture, landscape architecture, and urban design practice. This emerging field has been called social design, impact design, design for good, design justice, and other monikers. The seminar, a collaboration with Tuskegee University’s Robert R. Taylor School of Architecture and Construction Science in Alabama and in affiliation with Dark Matter University, explored the following key questions: • • •

How has the built environment been shaped by difference?

How do we make a difference in the design of our spaces, places, and cities?

How do you want to make a difference through your practice as a designer?

This course operated as a hybrid ­­in-person and virtual Zoom ­­trans-institutional collaboration.

This partnership allowed for interaction among students from different backgrounds and fields of study in order to share a learning environment and bring diverse experiences and perspectives to the course.

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<TOURISM, TROPICALIZATION AND THE ARCHITECTURAL IMAGE: UNPACKING THE PERCEPTION VS. REALITY OF CARIBBEAN ARCHITECTURE> Dahlia Nduom

Columbia GSAPP

Collaborations Farouk Kwaning (GSAPP) Tourism in the Ghanaian Tropics

Ziwei Aria Ling (GSAPP) Real Images of Puerto Rico

Henry Han (GSAPP) Relationship between Tourism and Architecture

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Valerie Smith (GSAPP) Chattel Houses of Barbados

Farrington Asberry-Lindquist (Howard) Tourism and the Influence of Imagery and Social Media

Haya Ghandour (Columbia) Temporal Architecture and Carnival: Tensions of Visibility and Socialization

Kolbi Holston (Howard) Coastal Erosion in the Caribbean

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<DIFFERENCE AND DESIGN> Justin Garrett Moore

Columbia GSAPP

Collaborations Lucas Coelho Netto (GSAPP) Frederick Douglass Houses: A Strong Yet Forgotten Community in the Upper West Side

Abriannah Aiken (GSAPP) Disappearing Queer Spaces in Harlem

Bianca Bryant (GSAPP) A New U.S.-Mexico border: A Sustainable Border Concept

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Jalen Carlyle (Tuskegee) Atlantic Station Influencing Gentrification of Other Comminities?

Trenton Scott (Tuskegee), Stephanie McMorran (GSAPP) Infinite Walk to Freedom

Javier Ortiz (GSAPP) Daniela Deu (GSAPP) Monument to Memory: Broadening Historic Preservation

Candice Ji (GSAPP) On Community Engagement for Civic Space Design Projects

Little Village Chicago IL

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<SECTION C> 309 M.S. Architecture and Urban Design Kate Orff, Program Director 333 M.S. Urban Planning Weiping Wu, Program Director 379 M.S. Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Program Director 403 M.S. Real Estate Development Patrice Derrington, Program Director 423 New York—Paris Danielle Smoller, Program Director 427 Introduction to Architecture Danielle Smoller, Program Director

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M.S. Architecture and Urban Design Kate Orff, Program Director The Urban Design Program at Columbia GSAPP is a postgraduate degree that engages the complex processes of global urbanization and inequality amid the intensifying stresses of the climate crisis. Ways of living in cities and landscapes around the world are increasingly untenable and now require new forms of research and attention. What is the agency of design in these rapidly shifting conditions? The program frames the city not as a fixed, delineated territory but instead as a gradient of landscapes supported by networks of energy, resources, culture, mobility, people, and capital. It addresses near and long-term threats to local, regional, and global ecosystems, positioning design as both an inclusive, activist, tools-based project for specific sites and communities, and as a critical project examining urban form, process, and knowledge.

Students and faculty work together across three intensive semesters to weave multi-scalar analyses of urban-regional fabrics and infrastructures with on-the-ground, detailed scenarios for real places and lived conditions. The first semester consists of an examination of the New York City metropolitan region to introduce urban design advocacy as a methodological, spatial, and social question. The program scope expands in the second semester to address the intersection of socio-economic and infrastructural problems, and the legacies of race and property, in the Fall of 2021, remotely, in Atlanta, Georgia. In the Spring semester, studio work examines global climate justice through the lens of water and cities in a range of contexts. The focus of the Spring 2022 semester was Belize, and how intervening in its extraordinary coastal mosaic of reefs, mangroves, and seagrass (all imperiled by rapid coastal tourist development, increasing water temperatures, and sea level rise) can sustain livelihoods and prefigure alternative spatial patterns. Students assisted local communities and regional professionals at the Coastal Zone Management Authority in designing for new development and changing ecosystems by suggesting alternative urban landscape approaches.

The following presentation of student work from the 2021–2022 academic year illustrates the critical and creative ambitions that students brought to a variety of sites. Students combined multi-scalar analyses of urban-regional fabrics and infrastructures together with on-site interactions, engagements, and conditions.

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<STUDIO III: BELIZE AND THE YUCATAN> [Spring 2022] Kate Orff, Thaddeus Pawlowski, Adriana Chavez, Lorena Bello Gomez, Geeta Mehta This studio explored regenerative “ridge to roof to reef” visions for key towns, cities, and farms along the coast by focusing on green-blue infrastructure, ecotourism, ocean-based renewable energy including wind and tidal, new housing and urban typologies, coastal design and zoning, and regenerative agriculture. Students developed an understanding of how marine and fishery restoration, climate mitigation, and local jobs and prosperity can combine at different sites and scales. In Belize, innovative coastal zoning, land-use standards, housing typologies, new management, and resilience concepts have created the ground for alternative forms of water-driven development patterns. The studio workshopped and tested the implementation of the water-sensitive coastal zoning proposed by the Belize Coastal Zone Management Plan in a range of sites and systems through iterative spatial design. <STUDIO II: ATLANTA AFTER PROPERTY> [Fall 2021] Emanuel Admassu, Lexi Tsien, Nina Cooke John, Chat Travieso This studio identified temporal slippages and spatial practices that carve out moments of liberation from the limits of property. Studio participants developed collective intelligence by gathering samples from various cultural and political geographies to experiment with ways of seeing beyond the privatized enclosure in the Metropolitan Atlanta region. The aim was to design a region not tethered to individual ownership but instead predicated on collective stewardship and care.

This was accomplished by recognizing, drawing, and modeling ordinary spatial practices that operate against the hegemony of real estate in order to develop a dynamic catalog of spatio-temporal constructs. Atlanta After Property reframed the discipline of urban design by redesigning the city of Atlanta in solidarity with contemporary movements of Black liberation, anti-coloniality, and mutuality. <STUDIO I: HARLEM RIVER AND THREE BRIDGES> [Summer 2021] Nans Voron, Sagi Golan, Tami Banh, Sean Gallagher, Galen Pardee, Austin Sakong, Jae Shin This studio was an immersive and intensive city-making laboratory where students developed tools for designing resilient, equitable, vibrant, and healthy environments in NYC while focusing on the scale of the neighborhood. The neighborhood was explored as both a social construct and as a physical territory, central to popular, journalistic, political, and design discourses. Working in today’s post-industrial, socially inequitable, and climate-stressed conditions, the students critically interrogated and redefined the many layers of existing urban fabrics and infrastructures to address the challenges faced by current and future inhabitants. This year, the studio focused on two sites: one at the southern tip of Manhattan (Three Bridges) and the other at the northern tip (Harlem River) — each a neighborhood undergoing change and challenge. <STUDIO III: WATER URBANISM, ENVISIONING THE MISSISSIPPI AS A LIVING RIVER> [Summer 2021] Kate Orff, Geeta Mehta, Justine Holtzman, Dilip Da Cunha, Adriana Chavez The goal of this studio was to explore how habitat and floodplain restoration, climate mitigation, and economic recovery can combine across the Missippi River system at different sites and scales. With key national climate legislation under consideration in Congree, the time to advance joint nature-based infrastructure projects that foreground social justice in the Mississippi basin in now. Each project from the Headwaters in Mississippi to South Pass in Louisiana put forward positive, regenerative visions for key towns, cities, and farms that could add up to reduce catastrophic flooding, enhance biodiversity, expand regenerative agriculture, and deploy unique financing models. <IMMEASURABLE CITIES> [Spring 2022] Emanuel Admassu This course considered spatial practices that travel beyond, above, and below disciplinary boundaries of measurement. By and large, African cities — more broadly, cities in the Global South — have been dominated by discursive and spatial regimes of

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311 quantification that facilitate ongoing practices of extraction. This seminar examined specific tactics of legibility and abstraction in the visual and conceptual arts that represent cities and spaces without measure. Students meditated on the concepts, environments, and practices that are illegible to the broader fields of architecture, urban design, and planning. This required developing transdisciplinary knowledge of black studies, decoloniality, contemporary art, and cultural geography. Students considered multiple forms of measurement, classification, and bordering that consolidate power and negate the lives of racialized, gendered, and discounted bodies.

<GLOBAL RESILIENCE MOVEMENT: THEORY AND PRACTICE> [Summer 2021] Samuel Carter This seminar traced the origins of the global resilience movement with the evolution of resilience as a term through engineering, psychological, and ecological discourse. It illuminated moments and projects that have helped define the practice through key texts and discussions with global leaders in the field.

Students explored the roughly-defined edges of the field (including the interplay of inequality and systemic collapse, new governance models, resilience measurement, and innovative finance for resilience project implementation) and presented their own ideas on how the work should advance going forward. <URBAN THEORY AND DESIGN IN POST INDUSTRIAL AGE> [Summer 2021] Noah Chasin This course introduced the historiographical, theoretical, critical, and formal vocabularies of postwar urbanism through a global perspective. It discussed the deployment of new urban design strategies against the backdrop of rapidly proliferating discursive and technological advances. Students measured the merits of various urban paradigms against one another to understand the interdisciplinary processes that generate conditions for the structures and infrastructures of built environments. The course moved toward the present to measure the ever-increasing conditions of inequity in metropolitan locations, along with the increased importance of ecological threats to the world’s urbanized areas.

As an extension of the history and theory component, the course demonstrated the importance of writing fluency as a key tool for urban designers to effectively articulate the logic behind their design projects. <DIGITAL TECHNIQUES> [Summer 2021] Richard Chou, Paul Kamuf, Eric Huntley DTEQ introduced representational techniques, skills, and software for urban designers. In conjunction with the studio, students learned to use digital media as part of the design process, weaving together software platforms, research agendas, and design strategies into smooth, interoperable,and collaborative workflows. <READING NEW YORK URBANISM> [Summer 2021] Jesse Hirakawa, Cassim Shepard This course introduced NYC as a laboratory of historical experiments in both designing and understanding the urban environment. Students developed the observational and representational tools to read the city and the multiple forces that influence its physical form and social experience and represented these forces in short documentary videos. The class delved into specific places throughout the five boroughs of New York and analyzed how different actors — writers, artists, designers, real estate developers, government agencies — have interpreted, represented, or intervened in these sites over time. <HOUSING AND EQUITY IN THE U.S.> [Summer 2021] Karen Kubey This course examined issues of race, gender, culture, disability, sexuality, age, health, economics, and climate in the domestic realm. Specifically, it asserted that housing design is political. Design is never neutral but always communicates cultural, social, and economic values. This student-driven seminar investigated exemplary multi-family housing case studies and explored ways to visualize housing equity in the U.S. The seminar drew from multidisciplinary sources including design theory, oral history, and public health research.

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<COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT PRACTICUM> [Fall 2021] Kaja Kühl The concept of engaging citizens or users in architecture, planning, and urban design emerged in the 1960s out of a critique of rational planning practices as undemocratic and unresponsive to citizen needs. Yet, more than 50 years of experimenting with the redistribution of power have yielded mixed results and practices of engagement from legal requirements for public hearings to co-creative urban development processes.In this seminar, students were introduced to different spaces, tools, and processes of engagement in urban planning and design through case studies, guest speakers, and readings. Students discussed and envisioned new scenarios of visualizing, collaborative storytelling, and shared ownership of the planning and design processes and ultimately developed their own manifesto for an engaged practice. <DIFFERENCE AND DESIGN> [Fall 2021] Justin Garrett Moore Four hundred years after colonialism and racial capitalism brought “twenty and odd” enslaved people from Africa to the dispossessed indigenous land that would later become the U.S., the structures and systems that generate inequality and white supremacy persist. Cities and their socioeconomic and built environments continue to exemplify differences. Despite this, individuals from diverse backgrounds are taking a different approach to how they design the built environment, rooted in identifying broader and shared values, needs, and objectives. In response, this course explored key questions: How has the built environment been shaped by difference? How do individuals make a difference in the design of their spaces, places, and cities? How do the students want to make a difference through their practice as a designer? <RESILIENT COASTLINES> [Spring 2022] Kate Orff This course explored future urban design practices by considering perhaps the most wicked challenge facing small towns and cities around the world: climate breakdown, sea-level rise, and coastal variability that threatens lives, livelihoods, and cities in the era of climate change. The course explored the potential of ecological and social systems to build resilience and find meaningful pathways forward for international tidal communities facing these existential challenges. Students learned about ecological infrastructure, productive landscape forms, and emerging strategies for climate adaptation with a focus on equity, justice, and international perspectives. Through mapping and case study development, students uncovered ways of integrating social justice and ecological imperatives into design and policy frameworks that can anticipate future harm and displacement and point toward more equitable pathways. <URBAN ECOLOGY AND DESIGN> [Spring 2022] Gena Wirth, Matt Palmer This course explored and evaluated the ecological potential of the designed urban environment. Students worked in interdisciplinary groups to study and evaluate the relationships between urban design and ecological performance through a series of case studies, field explorations, and studio visits. With NYC as a test site for analysis, students worked together to evaluate urban systems regarding vegetation, wildlife, sediment management, water, energy, and pollution using techniques of visual mapping and the application of quantitative scientific criteria over multiple scales. The course offered a deeper understanding of the relationships that drive urban ecosystems, a critical evaluation of commonly used urban design techniques, and insights into how to better design functional ecosystems within an urban context. <FABRICS AND TYPOLOGIES: NY/GLOBAL> [Fall 2021] Richard Plunz This course explored the social and economic origins of urban building typology and fabric in the evolution of cities worldwide. It questioned the canons of architectural and urban historiography that tend to overemphasize the isolated monument rather than fabric. The city became a crucible to be understood both forwards and backwards in time, from extant present-day realities to underlying formational causes and vice

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313 versa. Beginning with NYC, this exercise in urban forensics was played back and forth for other global cities. Seminar participants translated the techniques and values learned from NYC to case studies embedded in their own local knowledge, culminating in a final forum in which comparative projected architectural transformation of fabrics became the basis of critical discourse.

<CONTESTED SIGHTS: URBAN DESIGN IN THE WILD> [Summer 2021] Damon Rich How does urban design become a subject of public controversy? How do spaces, buildings, and urban visions mediate power struggles? How can designers learn from conflicts around architecture and urban planning? This course examined sites in NYC where urban design has become a contested subject of public disagreement. By visiting neighborhoods, interviewing interested parties, writing, photographing, walking, and drawing, students explored how the disciplinary activities of designers, architects, and planners intertwine with the political life of the city.

Working in teams, students studied a single contested site for the semester, produced research and analysis, led a performative walking tour with visual aids and guest speakers, and created a popular education poster. <RECOMBINANT URBANISM> [Spring 2022] David Grahame Shane This seminar examined how cities grow and develop over time. It employed a theory of urban actors and conceptual models as tools for the analysis of the city, its urban systems, and design ecologies. Urban actors use conceptual models to link to the larger forces shaping a city network. The course mapped transformations in these actors and their models at various scales over time in specific locations.

Groups of students constructed a layered model of a city of their choosing and employed models derived from the course to illustrate the structure and growth of that city, including its representative public spaces and urban fabrics. <PUBLIC SPACE: RHETORICS AND PRACTICES> [Spring 2022] David Smiley For the design disciplines to have any legitimate claim to the term public, we must ask harder questions: How is public space entangled with the processes and discourses of urbanization? What is participation? How, for whom, and by whom are public spaces planned, designed, built, paid for, and managed? How do different people experience exclusion or inclusion (or something else)? Working through examples and histories from the U.S. and globally, the class charted an array of urban design practices and examined how projects in or about public space have been discussed and legitimated. The class focused on daily life, professional practices, and theoretical framings. The goal was to create a loose framework to critically inform students’ design work and, inescapably, our politics.

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<URBAN DESIGN STUDIO III: BELIZE AND THE YUCATAN> Kate Orff, Thaddeus Pawlowski, Adriana Chavez, Lorena Bello Gomez, Geeta Mehta This studio explored regenerative “ridge to roof to reef” visions for key towns, cities, and farms along the coast by focusing on green-blue infrastructure, eco-tourism, ocean-based renewable energy including wind and tidal, new housing and urban typologies, coastal design and zoning, and regenerative agriculture. Students developed an understanding of how marine and fishery restoration, climate mitigation, and local jobs and prosperity can combine at different

Galina Novikova, Gloria Mah, Govardan Rajasekaran Umashankar, Rotina (Yuxin) Tian Belize in Transition envisions a future of sustained urban growth, paying deep attention to urbanecological edge conditions along the western highway.

Giulia Chagas, Lucas Coelho Netto, Samuel Dye, Yasmine Katkhuda This project envisions San Pedro as a model for climate resilience and a testing ground for future habitats through clean energy and ecological restoration. Bringing together alternative energy with habitats and tourism is fundamental to re-defining urban and coastal resilience in Belize.

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sites and scales. In Belize, innovative coastal zoning, land-use standards, housing typologies, new management, and resilience concepts have created the ground for alternative forms of waterdriven development patterns. The studio workshopped and tested the implementation of the water-sensitive coastal zoning proposed by the Belize Coastal Zone Management Plan in a range of sites and systems through iterative spatial design.

Bianca Bryant, Surabhi Dahivalkar, Cesar Delgado, Jake Tiernan Mending the River Continuum is a framework of international and local alliances that diversifies the agricultural economy and localizes wealth through a remediation agriculture logistics chain.

Shinan Liu, Jiamin Huang, Hao Ma, Curran Zhang To ensure Belizean livelihood on Ambergris Caye, the current Re/MAX model of development must stop.

Reef/MAX provides an alternative street-based urban design framework to the existing parcel-based development.

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<STUDIO III: BELIZE AND THE YUCATAN> Kate Orff, Thaddeus Pawlowski, Adriana Chavez, Lorena Bello Gomez, Geeta Mehta

Carmen Yu, Daniela Déu, Kimberly Ramirez, Tanuja Dhanasekaran Our proposal seeks to strengthen the collaboration between Mexico and Belize by drawing from the shared historic knowledge of the Yucatec Mayan communities in both of these nations.

Jisoo Kim, Achmad Maulana, Javier Ortiz, Praditi Singh The negative impacts of a booming population and extractive tourism at Caye Caulker creates irreversible damage to the environment which will eventually lead to a declining tourism economy. This project proposes a model of regenerative tourism centered on carrying capacity.

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Changbin Kim, Howie Jiang, Minsung Kim, Shirley Chen Seine Bight Water Rangers looks at key issues of mangroves and coral reef loss.

It then zooms into Belize and its 33 watersheds, especially mango creek, and focuses on the end of the watershed — the location with the most human, industrial, and tourist activities.

Aishwarya Mathukumilli, Sydnee Sampson, Rongxin Tang The proposed relocation plan offers residents the option to retreat to Belize or the safe and high zones on Caye Caulker, through hurricane insurance and preemptive funds. Once the coastline is cleared, mangrove planting will be conducted at these zones along with mangrove and coral nurseries.

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<STUDIO II: ATLANTA AFTER PROPERTY> Emanuel Admassu, Lexi Tsien, Nina Cooke John, Chat Travieso This studio identified temporal slippages and spatial practices that carve out moments of liberation from the limits of property. Students developed collective intelligence by gathering samples from various cultural and political geographies to experiment with ways of seeing beyond the privatized enclosure in the Metropolitan Atlanta region. The aim was to design a region not tethered to individual ownership but instead predicated on collective stewardship and care. This

Bianca Bryant, Riya Chadha, Avani Agarwal, Gloria Mah In our world after property, this project as a subverted enclave creates an antagonistic relationship with developer-owned land through a community land trust while simultaneously dissolving property lines, removing vehicular roads and deconstructing the single family home. As a result, the urban fabric here fosters community expression and collective living through fluid, rhizomatic growth over time.

Aishwarya Mathukumilli, Surabhi Daivalkar, Rae Lei, Zhifan Li In the regime of property, the river and its spaces are commodified, privatized, and claimed by individuals and entities. After property, we imagine the world as strategic possibilities where ecology is the primary stakeholder. In this world, humans coexist with ecological systems by respecting space as defined by the hydrology of the Chattahoochee River’s watershed.

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was accomplished by recognizing, drawing, and modeling ordinary spatial practices that operate against the hegemony of real estate in order to develop a dynamic catalog of spatio-temporal constructs. This studio reframed the discipline of urban design by redesigning the city of Atlanta in solidarity with contemporary movements of Black liberation, anti-coloniality, and mutuality.

Kenny Zhou, Shinan Liu, Rotina (Yuxin) Tian, Jiamin Huang The film industry is transforming Atlanta.

The spread of new studios as gated communities form enclaves, the effects of which are further exacerbated by the recent push towards the creation of camera-ready communities that effectively turn people’s backyards into studio property. The recent Studio City proposal will bring precisely this kind of exploitive relationship into the Buford Highway community. Our proposal is an equitable alternative to this extractive regime.

Changbin Kim, Jisoo Kim, Lamisa Haque, Govardan Rajasekaran Umashankar Atlanta University De-center reappropriates knowledge from structures of power and re-defines education’s role in society. The Atlanta University Center has been troubled by racially motivated financial injustice since its inception in 1929. Today, the federal government is attempting to right these wrongs by a series of policy based changes. Our project is an attempt to spatialize these course corrections as a form of urban infrastructural reparations.

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<STUDIO II: ATLANTA AFTER PROPERTY> Emanuel Admassu, Lexi Tsien, Nina Cooke John, Chat Travieso

Praditi Singh, Galina Novikova, Lucas Coelho Netto, Cesar Delgado Property is a constructed system of spatial and psychological parameters projected onto lands, bodies, and minds. Invisible and visible boundaries and borders lay weightless claims to ownership aimed to restrict and exploit the marginalized from the right to movement and expression of self. Power then is manifested through property, and it systemically overpowers the property of the person-hood itself.

Samuel Dye, Minsung Kim, Daniela Déu, Howie Jiang In pursuit of a world after property, we seek to challenge accepted definitions of value; to prioritize human intangible forms of wealth building over financial gain.

Our intervention is located on the vast footprint of vacant lots on English Avenue.

By celebrating its institutionally neglected socio-cultural wealth, we have attempted to redefine these spaces as the new centers of communal growth and well-being.

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Shuhua Li, Rongxin Tang, Jiayi Zhao, Jiaxin Li Public funding should be shifted from the policing system to systems of care. In our world after property, these systems of care will directly oppose existing socio-economic hierarchies and empower historically disadvantaged communities.

We have attempted to demonstrate this new world through spatial interventions that address public health and safety as determined by community-based activism and leadership.

Yasmine Katkhuda, Giulia Chagas, Tanuja Dhanasekaran, Rhea Pai In the delimitation of territory that has historically borderized land ownership as it relates to cultivation, agency now extends beyond the human to encompass other than human actors. Processes that take place in this transitional landscape are of the Earth reconnecting with nature against capitalist ways of existing. It imagines a new direction for regenerative development where there is duality and expansive potential reclaiming soil as resistance in this alternative entry to West End.

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<STUDIO I: HARLEM RIVER AND THREE BRIDGES> Nans Voron, Sagi Golan, Tami Banh, Sean Gallagher, Galen Pardee, Austin Sakong, Jae Shin This studio was an immersive and intensive city-making laboratory where students developed tools for designing resilient, equitable, vibrant, and healthy environments in NYC while focusing on the scale of the neighborhood. The neighborhood was explored as both a social construct and as a physical territory, central to popular, journalistic, political, and design discourses. Working in today’s post-industrial, socially inequitable, and

Lucas Coelho Netto, Yasmine Katkhuda, Jiamin Huang, Jiayi Zhao

Galina Novikova, Giulia Chagas, Jie Kong, Shirley Chen

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climate-stressed conditions, the students critically interrogated and redefined the many layers of existing urban fabrics and infrastructures to address the challenges faced by current and future inhabitants.

Daniela Déu, Haotian Jiang, Achmad Maulana, Curran Zhang

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<STUDIO I: HARLEM RIVER AND THREE BRIDGES> Nans Voron, Sagi Golan, Tami Banh, Sean Gallagher, Galen Pardee, Austin Sakong, Jae Shin

Tanuja Dhanasekaran, Praditi Singh, Zhifan Li, Siyu Lei

Samuel Dye, Javier Ortiz, Minsung Kim, Carmen Yu

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Bianca Bryant, Cesar Delgado, Lamisa Haque, Changbin Kim

Avani Agarwal, Hao Ma, Surabhi Dahivalkar

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<DIGITAL TECHNIQUES> Richard Chou, Paul Kamuf, Eric Huntley

Lucas Coelho Netto, Yasmine Katkhuda, Jiamin Huang, Jiayi Zhao

Praditi Singh, Tanuja Dhanasekaran, Rae Lei

Sam Dye, Carmen Yu, Javier Ortiz, Minsung Kim

Avani Agarwal, Hao Ma, Surabhi Dahivalkar

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<SECTION C> <HOUSING AND EQUITY IN THE U.S.> Karen Kubey Students: Anirudh Venkat, Chinedu Adiele, Dhania Yasmin, Hyuein Song, Lonas Chiu, Nupur Roy, Rui Zhang, Xiaofei Sun, Yifei Luo, Yong Zhuang, Yunpeng Wu

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<COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT PRACTICUM> Kaja Kühl Students: Riya Chadha, Lianghao Cheng, Surabhi Dahivalkar, Lamisa Haque, Jiamin Huang, Jisoo Kim, Jie Kong, Jiaxin Li, Zhifan Li, Shinan Liu, Hao Ma, Aishwarya Mathukumilli, Achmad Maulana, Galina Novikova, Rhea Rajesh Pai, Sydnee Sampson, Rongxin Tang, Curran Zhang, Jiayi Zhao, Lipeng Zhu

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<RECOMBINANT URBANISM> David Grahame Shane

Jiamin Huang, Kenny Zhou, Changbin Kim, Jisoo Kim

Cesar Delgado, Daniela Déu, Samuel Dye

Ziming Wang, Eric Zhu

Rae Lei, Jiayi Zhao, Yuening Jian, Siyu Xiao

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Carmen Yu, Daniela Deu, Kimberly Ramirez, and Tanuja Dhanasekaran presenting “Rio Hondo Bi-National Park”

Bianca Bryant, Surabhi Dahivalkar, Cesar Delgado, and Jake Tiernan presenting “Mending the River Continuum”

Lorena Bello Gómez, Thad Pawlowski, Geeta Mehta, and Adriana Chávez (Studio Critics), Cesar Delgado, Jake Tiernan, Bianca Bryant, Surabhi Dahivalkar, Tori Vuono (Associate), Kalene Eck, Rebecca Bradley, Gabriel Díaz Montemayor

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Changbin Kim, Howie Jiang, Minsung Kim, and Shirley Chen presenting “Seine Bight Water Rangers”

Lorena Bello Gómez, Thad Pawlowski, Adriana Chávez (Studio Critics), David Smiley (MSAUD Assistant Director), Hao Ma, Jiamin Huang, Shinan Liu, Curran Zhang, Tori Vuono (Associate), Galina Novikova (Teaching Assistant)

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Lorena Bello Gómez and Thad Pawlowski (Studio Critics), Lipeng Eric Zhu, Jiaxin Li, Jiayi Zhao, Shannon Li

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M.S. Urban Planning Weiping Wu, Program Director The Master of Science in Urban Planning (MSUP) is an accredited two-year professional degree program. It takes a comparative, global perspective to urban planning, centering social justice and critical practice. The program connects the study of the urban built environment with grounded analysis of socioeconomic and political conditions to inform planning practice and praxis toward social, racial, and climate justice. We prepare students to confront and break down structures and practices of oppression rooted in class inequality, racism, and sexism. By studying the impact of global processes (such as immigration, climate change, and public health) on cities, neighborhoods, and communities—across the Global North and Global South—the program aims to foster new, creative planning and policy approaches that will improve processes and outcomes in cities around the world. Students are required to choose at least one concentration area among four options: Built Environment Planning of the built environment balances competing demands on the land and environment brought about by urban and rural growth. This concentration prepares students to work with stakeholders to guide public and private development processes in ways that ensure an adequate supply of land and resources to meet people’s present and future needs, while complying with environmental and fiscal requirements.

Community and Economic Development Planning education promotes the redistribution of resources and social justice in cities as much as the creation of wealth. This concentration prepares students to undertake community and neighborhood planning and decision-making, local economic development, and/or housing and redevelopment activities. Students examine resource, institutional, and socioeconomic issues at various spatial scales, paying particular attention to disadvantaged populations and communities.

International Planning and Development This concentration prepares students to work with governments, NGOs, consulting firms, and international development agencies around the world. Students receive multidisciplinary training to understand the impact of global flows as well as

local conditions on cities and communities in various world regions and to think creatively about planning approaches in developing countries.

Urban Analytics This concentration prepares students to engage and assess the increasing abundance and availability of data to address urban problems, collaborate on design projects for the built environment, and inform planning efforts within a variety of contexts and practices. Students acquire skills in data science and visualization, spatial and statistical analysis, and research design with stakeholder engagement, in addition to the planning skills taught in the core curriculum.

The work completed during the 2021–2022 academic year shows how MSUP students have prepared to become visionary thinkers and change-makers.

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<STUDIO: CONVERTED HOMES | FROM OFFICES TO AFFORDABLE HOMES> [Spring 2022] Anthony Borelli, Sybil Wa The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated NYC’s affordable housing crisis and ravaged the commercial office real estate market, forcing us to rethink our dependence on office space. With the normalization of hybrid and work-from-home models, NYC has recordhigh office vacancy rates, and the commercial real estate market will likely never recover to pre-pandemic levels. This studio was tasked with finding solutions at the junction of both of these major problems through commercial-to-residential conversions. Furthermore, it was charged with exploring the potential of conversion to meet housing needs in NYC; studying the physical, financial, regulatory, and political barriers; and proposing policy changes needed to facilitate office and hotel conversion to affordable housing. The studio partnered with the Citizens Housing and Planning Council, a leading research and advocacy organization focused on housing and planning issues in NYC. Through rigorous research into the legislative landscape of NYC housing conversion policies, affordable housing programs, and architectural practices, the studio sought out to address barriers to efficient office-to-hotel conversions. Using spatial data analysis, it honed in on three NYC office buildings of various different typologies in Midtown, the Financial District, and Forest Hills, Queens to demonstrate the diversity of potential conversion models. <STUDIO: REIMAGINING PUBLIC SPACE IN PANDEMIC AND POST-PANDEMIC NEW YORK> [Spring 2022] Ryan Devlin, Jose Luis Vallejo The studio aimed to reimagine what equitable public spaces could be in a postpandemic world and sought to build upon the work done with the temporary Open Streets and Open Restaurants programs as they transition towards permanence. The studio ultimately arrived at strategies and interventions to ensure public space equity that focused on creating new and flexible typologies called CoScapes, supported by a place governance management framework and adequate financial resources. It was guided by the belief that everyone regardless of zip code can and should have access to open space and these spaces should be managed with openness, transparency, and community input. <STUDIO: PLANNING FOR MIGRANT SHELTER | CASE STUDY IN NEWARK> [Spring 2022] Maxine Griffith, Nilda Mesa This studio focused on Newark, New Jersey as a case study — the third oldest city in the U.S.; the most diverse and populous city in NJ; and a first stop for generations of migrants. The goal was to develop a climate change sensitive planning model for housing migrant populations. Course readings focused on developing a basic understanding of local planning approaches as well as understanding the migrants and their needs. The studio surveyed current thinking on the housing of migrant populations and examined local land use and zoning laws and ordinances that either supported or were a hindrance to achieving a good outcome. The client was the Newark, New Jersey Office of Planning and Zoning. <STUDIO: RETREAT OR RESURGENCE | REIMAGINING PLANNING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE IN NYC> [Spring 2022] Deborah Helaine Morris, Hugo Sarmiento This studio explored the role that community-centered actors and strategies can play in planning for climate adaptation in low-lying areas across NYC. It focused on neighborhoods where repeated flooding is expected to result in a change in the occupancy and ownership of property, potentially create vacancy, and a need for new land uses. This studio aimed to reimagine both the role of existing actors and land management strategies, such as community land trusts and land-banking, in communities experiencing these transitions. The studio partnered with the NYC Mayor’s Office of Environmental and Climate Justice (MOCEJ) and The Nature Conservancy to design a research strategy and project objectives. The studio produced a method for climate adaptation planning in NYC. Using neighborhood case studies as a basis, the studio created a typology matrix to evaluate scenarios of how neighborhoods may experience transitions. Ultimately, it identified the viable pathways for transformative climate adaptation in these neighborhood types. The studio’s findings mark a significant contribution to the city’s understanding of climate adaptation and will be integrated into MOCEJ and the Nature Conservancy’s What Happens to the Land after Residential Buyouts report.

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<STUDIO: AFTER THE EMPIRE | REIMAGINING STRANDED ASSETS IN THE HUDSON VALLEY> [Spring 2022] Pedro Rivera, Ubaldo Escalante The studio studied the impact of abandoned or underutilized public infrastructures to propose policies, programs, and designs that reconcile them with the landscape, natural systems, and local communities. The focus was the Hudson Valley, a region that experienced rapid growth during the Industrial Revolution followed by decline due to the advent of new technologies, resulting in abandoned infrastructure throughout the region. Students explored different types of “stranded assets” which are public and private infrastructure with communal and environmental value that have been or will become abandoned due to political, economic, environmental, and technological change. They explored how these infrastructures can be rebuilt in innovative ways to address environmental and equity goals and address issues that led to or were caused by their stranding. The studio looked at interventions in the territory — infrastructures, extraction quarries, landfills, etc. — that have altered its environmental and socio-economic dynamics, analyzing them in terms of their impacts and opportunities. These were understood as assets to promote the ecological regeneration of the region as well as to address the socio-economic and environmental challenges of surrounding communities. The studio’s final proposals promoted new and more holistic ways to connect mankind to nature and to imagine new ways to live under contemporary planetary challenges. <GOVERNANCE AND ACTION FOR INCLUSIVE CITIES> [Spring 2022] Bernadette Baird-Zars, Nora Libertun de Duren This course examined urban governance practice through the lens of promoting social inclusion in cities globally. It explored current theories and normative frameworks that focus on the role urban-scale initiatives can play in promoting justice and access to opportunities to all residents. Students then analyzed how these concepts inform or contradict actual practice in cities through an analysis of case studies.

They identified the institutions, organizations, key actors, and material inheritances that shape how projects promote inclusive processes and material change. By the end of the course, students were able to analyze, conceptualize, and suggest interventions in the critical mechanisms of development action for inclusion in cities. <URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES & MOBILITY IN GLOBAL CONTEXT> [Spring 2022] Jit Bajpai This course covered planning practices to achieve access to three types of infrastructure — water supply, electricity, and transport — in global cities with a special focus on developing countries. The lectures and projectbased case studies prepared students to address the key issues under four interconnected themes: the relationship between infrastructure access and urban form; service performance management and needs of the poor; pricing and financing of infrastructure and its services; and the process, design, and implementation of measures that promote affordable access to infrastructure services and mobility options while nurturing a low emission and energy-efficient urban development. <ON SPATIAL EXCLUSION AND PLANNING> [Spring 2022] Hiba Bou Akar This course investigated geographies of exclusion through a multi-disciplinary inquiry that located spatial production and planning practice at its center. The course cross-examined issues of spatial exclusion and social justice across cities in the Global North and the Global South. What are some of the legal, spatial, socio-economical, moral, and political apparatuses articulated in producing segregated spaces of poverty and lavishness, violence and fear, connectedness and confinement? What are the roles of state agencies and experts such as planners, architects, and policymakers in producing such geographies, and how are these practices reproduced in the everyday? To that end, the course examined the mechanisms through which certain populations are left outside (through gated communities, policing, segregated parks) or kept inside (prisoners, refugee camps, locked-in domestic workers).

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<AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN HIGH DEMAND CITIES> [Fall 2021] Amy Boyle, Emily Kurtz This course offered an investigation into the policies and practical tools used to create affordable housing in NYC. The course followed the evolution of affordable housing policy and practice, beginning with its origins as a purely governmental undertaking to the largest public-private partnership in NYC. Students gained an understanding of the complex tools used by practitioners including financing techniques, land use, tax policies, and regulations to understand how affordable housing is planned and executed, as well as some of the inherent trade-offs that attend to these decisions. Students also examined affordable housing from the standpoint of the user and delved into the vexing issues that surround governmentowned housing by examining the largest public housing authority in the U.S., the NYC Housing Authority. <ADVANCED SPATIAL ANALYSIS> [Spring 2022] Alanna Browdy, Daniel Froehlich This advanced seminar examined and developed techniques of spatial analysis and representation specific to urban contexts. The course centered around key methodologies including advanced spatial statistics, spatial decision support systems, feature recognition, and interpolation, interrogating their use and applicability to different contexts in research and practice. Through case studies, students learned several new methods, comparing distinct approaches to similar questions and considering the implications — ethical and otherwise — of spatial analysis and cartography. <URBANIZATION IN THE GLOBAL SOUTH> [Fall 2021] Teresa Caldeira This course analyzed processes of urbanization in cities of the Global South from the middle of the twentieth century to the present on the basis of new archives and an understanding of the specificities of these processes. This understanding was anchored on the notions of transversal logic and new modes of politics, in that processes of urbanization in the global south frequently unsettle official logic, operating with them in transversal ways. Additionally, the course recognized that these processes are heterogeneous and generate distinctive cities and spatial formations. Therefore, the course was structured through case studies that addressed themes including autoconstruction, the ambiguities of land tenure and the law, informality, the creation of urban land, spectacular urbanism, infrastructure, insurgent citizenship, rebellions, new imaginaries, neocolonialism, and refugees. <PRACTICUM: PLANNING THE CULTURAL SPACE> [Spring 2022] Vin Cipolla, Peter Flamm Drawing on the experience of planners, architects, and cultural producers, this practicum provided students with a broad perspective of the trends and issues in planning for cultural spaces and the operation of cultural organizations and facilities including performing arts centers, museums, libraries, and public spaces.

Central to the curriculum was an investigation into the real-time impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cultural planning and development and its implications for traditional approaches to the performing and visual arts as well as passive recreation in cultural spaces. The course also investigated how the cultural space is being shaped by increasing public engagement to achieve political, social, and legal justice and accountability and how efforts to attain diversity, equity, and inclusion will continue to shape the cultural space. <URBAN ANALYTICS AND HUMAN-CENTERED DECISION MAKING> [Fall 2021] André Corrêa d’Almeida This practical and multidisciplinary course helped students learn the skills and knowledge required to work with organizations in making urban innovation decisions involving technology. With a focus on institutions, data analytics, and decisionmaking tools and with the support of case studies, lectures, and guest speakers, students worked in teams with a real organization throughout the semester. Divided into two groups working on different projects, the teams identified and addressed a critical issue their client faces regarding its urban innovation efforts. Locally, the project consisted of a smarter city plan for the Bronx, NYC, in partnership with

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<PRACTICUM: REIMAGINING PUBLIC SPACE IN PANDEMIC AND POST-PANDEMIC NYC> [Fall 2021] Ryan Devlin Through fieldwork in New York, this practicum gave students the opportunity to document, categorize, map, analyze, and evaluate changes to the city’s landscape. The temporary and ad-hoc urban forms produced by the pandemic embody both precarity and opportunity. In addition to documentation, this practicum asked students to think critically and creatively about how these short-term interventions might inform longer-term shifts in the ways planners conceptualize and plan for public space. Can the new urban forms of the pandemic city play a part in building a more inclusive and just post-pandemic public realm? How can humans move from crisis and uncertainty towards an enduring vision for a more dynamic, equitable, and healthy city? <HISTORY AND THEORY OF PLANNING> [Fall 2021] Ryan Devlin This course provided a survey of key historical moments and contemporary theoretical debates that have shaped the field of urban planning. It focused on how planning practices have been implemented, negotiated, and transformed simultaneously by local socio-economic, political, and spatial processes as well as transnational and global circulations of capital, commodities, services, and people.

The course enabled an in-depth understanding of how spaces are developed, governed, lived, and contested by foregrounding the debates on spatial justice. It invited students to reflect on the role of the planner-practitioner by examining the various spatial formations that planners aim to professionally engage and transform and the ethical implications of planning interventions. <URBAN INFORMALITY> [Spring 2022] Ryan Devlin In cities of the Global South and Global North, informal practices play an important role in the urbanization processes and the structuring of urban space, social life, and economic activity. In this course, students learned about the informal city through reviewing the history of informality in the social sciences, analyzing various examples of informal practices, and critically evaluating past attempts by cities to address informality. The class also delved into theoretical questions about informality. By the end of this course, students gained a deeper understanding of the multiple dimensions of the phenomenon of urban informality and the many debates surrounding the issue. They learned to plan and design with and for the informal city, with an eye towards equity and social justice. <PRACTICUM: RESIDENTIAL PLANNING IN GLOBAL CITIES> [Spring 2022] Kate Dunham As the world’s urban population grows towards six and a half billion by 2050, cities all over the world are resorting to the mass-production of residential super-blocks to address new urban housing demands. But is this model appropriate for all cities regardless of their environmental, social, political, and economic differences? This seminar provided students with the opportunity to understand how planning regulations — specifically residential codes — shape the design and functioning of urban neighborhoods. Students worked in teams to develop zoning case studies of distinctive residential districts selected from global cities such as Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Vancouver, New York, Rio De Janeiro, and Bogota and explored ideas about how regulatory codes can address the challenges that come with unprecedented urban expansion. <COMMUNITY OUTREACH AND ENGAGEMENT: A HARLEM PRACTICUM> [Spring 2022] Flores Forbes, John Reddick This course enabled students to actively participate in the community engagement and NYC development process, guided by a set of lectures, readings, baseline plans, and a case study as well as the experiences of knowledgeable practitioners. In teams, students undertook a semester-long exchange with stakeholders around a pivotal planning and development process in Harlem: The Frederick Douglass

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Urban Planning Boulevard Initiative. They learned standard techniques of engagement; how to determine who represents a given community; how to guide a planning process through the NYC development process; to conduct public engagement and presentations; and the use of oral, graphic, written, and social media tools and approaches to cope with racial, ethnic, and class sensitivities.

<CLIMATE ADAPTATION IN CITIES> [Spring 2022] Adam Freed Cities are on the frontline of climate change — both in terms of experiencing its impacts and responding to it. This course discussed the current and future climate risks facing cities, drivers of major risks, actions cities can take to reduce these risks, and strategies to scale these actions. Case studies were drawn from cities that are reshaping their streets, buildings, waterfronts, natural systems, and resource sheds to protect their residents and economies from climate risks. The course focused on the inequitable distribution of climate risks and impacts, particularly on communities of color and lower-income residents, and solutions to address this. <QUANTITATIVE METHODS> [Fall 2021] Lance Freeman This course introduced students to the concepts, techniques, and reasoning skills necessary to understand and undertake quantitative research. Students developed skills through a combination of attending weekly class meetings, participating in weekly labs, completing written assignments, and writing a research paper that tests a hypothesis using quantitative techniques. <INTRO TO INTERNATIONAL PLANNING> [Fall 2021] Ebru Gencer This course introduced students to theoretical approaches and practical tools for planning in an international context. It used theories, concepts, and case examples drawn mostly from the Global South as vehicles to explore challenges and new directions for the field of planning. At the same time, it provided students with practical tools and knowledge to operate as informed practitioners in the sphere of international planning. Students used in-depth examination of case studies to explore questions such as: Who plans? How does planning take place? In whose interest? Through this analysis, they critically compared and discussed the nuanced differences across planning environments, assessed the level of effectiveness and results of planning approaches, and envisioned better planning practices in the attainment of more just cities. <EXPLORING URBAN DATA WITH MACHINE LEARNING> [Spring 2022] Boyeong Hong Urban planning decisions are inherently difficult, as cities comprise systems of immense complexity and increasingly large volumes of data. While planners are not new to qualitative and quantitative tools to model such decisions, this course engaged the role of technologies in the planning process by focusing on challenges and advantages gained from three new skills in particular: data munging, machine learning, and data visualization. Students learned to apply the skills and techniques necessary to describe, model, and evaluate their results alongside the history and theory intersecting technocracy and urban planning. <PLANNING METHODS> [Fall 2021] Boyeong Hong This course prepared students for common analysis methods used in planning practice. These methods of analysis were covered using publicly available data sets and data collected through assignments. Through weekly readings, lectures, and lab sessions students gained a basic understanding of the tools and skills required in planning practice. <INTRO TO URBAN DATA AND INFORMATICS> [Fall 2021] Boyeong Hong This course provided an introduction to the technical, theoretical, and practicebased dimensions of urban analytics. It centered around data acquisition, numerical

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Students learned major concepts, software tools, and analytical techniques to extract meaningful information from various data sources. Students then developed projects that combined these technical aspects into a final analysis and visualization.

<PROJECT MANAGEMENT: FROM IDEA TO EXECUTION> [Spring 2022] Douglas Woodward This practitioner-led course exposed students to fundamental project management concepts and the skills necessary to launch, lead, and actualize benefits from projects across sectors. Planners, designers, policymakers, real estate developers, and those working in adjacent industries are often in a position of leading, supporting, or influencing initiatives with multiple moving pieces. Skilled project managers oversee resources, schedules, scope, risks, and both internal and external factors to deliver positive results. In this course, students explored project management with a hands-on, pragmatic approach through case studies, real exercises, and live examples. This course gave special attention to controversial projects, operating in a resource-constrained environment, and managing up as a project manager. It reviewed the causes of project failure and success and risk mitigation during early project phases. <ECONOMICS FOR PLANNERS> [Spring 2022] Jeffrey Lin This course reviewed the basic concepts and methods of urban economics with a major emphasis on location and land-use economics. The course provided an examination of both equilibrium-based models and the new critical models derived from analyses of the production process and spatial organization. <PLANNING FOR URBAN ENERGY SYSTEMS> [Spring 2022] Peter Marcotullio This class explored planning for urban energy systems through four sections.

The first section examined the history of energy use in cities. The second section examined the components of contemporary urban energy systems from primary energy supply to end-use. The third section examined the consequences of urban energy use in cities including local to global environmental and health impacts as well as vulnerabilities. Lastly, the fourth section examined the politics and planning of these systems, paying particular attention to mitigation efforts. <ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ANALYSIS> [Fall 2021] Peter Marcotullio, Kaz Sakamoto This course introduced methods of environmental data analysis across varying geographic scales and underlying planning issues in the context of climate change.

Structured through four modules — Global, National, Regional, City — the course introduced students to the variety of environmental data and analyses for different geographies. Each module underscored planning approaches to climate change, including addressing rising temperatures and urban heatwaves, energy supply vulnerability, and the challenge of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions through compact city simulation and planning for urban heat island adaptation.

Students mastered spatial suitability, data management, scenario development, and machine learning to answer scale-specific research questions. The course used analytics that propel planners into the world of big data and help model the complexities of climate-change-related environmental processes. <PLANNING FRAMEWORKS FOR EQUITABLE CLIMATE ACTION> [Fall 2021] Ariella Maron Climate change multiplies existing city risks, including those related to housing affordability and quality, health and wealth inequalities, and aging infrastructure.

However, addressing climate change provides an opportunity to address historical inequities, leveraging new actions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and strengthen community climate resilience to benefit an area’s most vulnerable residents. This course situated climate action in a local planning context, exploring different approaches and tools to help planners address the twin challenges of climate change and inequality. It focused on three broad topic

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<SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN> [Fall 2021] Jonathan Martin This course introduced advanced techniques of sustainable planning and design with an emphasis on regulations that support green building practices and promote sustainable development patterns. It focused on the history, development, and incidence of a variety of progressive planning and design techniques. Subjects covered ranged from bioclimatic architecture and urban design to advanced regulatory techniques aimed at managing growth, promoting inclusion and affordability, and improving livability. Other topics included green infrastructure, sustainable zoning techniques, and good urban form. Several innovative community case studies were discussed including Solar City (Linz, Austria), Bo01 (Mälmo, SE), Hammarby Sjöstad (Stockholm, SE), and Civano (Arizona).

Of interest to the student, this course focused on the practical questions of what works, what doesn’t, and why? <LAND USE PLANNING> [Spring 2022] Jonathan Martin This course presented the nuts and bolts of land use planning as practiced in the U.S. today and gave students the opportunity to develop and design a land-use plan for a small hypothetical city. Through lectures and readings, this course exposed contemporary land-use planning issues including urbanization and urban growth trends, ethics, quality of life indicators, ecological land-use planning, and inner-city revitalization. <COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FINANCE PRACTICUM> [Fall 2021] Kevin McQueen This course examined impact investing through the lens of community development and real-world projects. It consisted of instruction that built technical skills in financial analysis and deal underwriting and structuring, team projects that allowed students to work in partnership with community-based organizations and government agencies to complete feasibility studies or business plans for financing their community economic development strategies, and lectures by community development finance experts on specific finance-related issues and techniques. <GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS> [Fall 2021] Leah Meisterlin This course introduced core concepts of Geographic Information Systems and the science and technical skills critical for working within urban environments.

Students learned critical approaches to spatial analysis and visualization techniques as well as data acquisition and management, spatial research methodologies, and cartographic principles through a combination of lectures and focused lab sessions. <CLIMATE JUSTICE IN OUR OWN BACKYARD> [Fall 2021] Thaddeus Pawlowski In this practicum, students learned about the disparate impact of the climate crisis within NYC’s neighborhoods and explored solutions to help them adapt. The course took a critical perspective on the local urban policies and projects evolving over the last two decades including blue-green infrastructure, coastal protection, buy out and retrofit programs, changes to building code and zoning, updates of flood maps, and various initiatives launched in the wake of Hurricane Sandy in 2012. It also explored community-driven efforts to advance climate justice, social resilience, and a just transition to a post-fossil fuel economy. Through student-led workshops with local climate justice leaders, students helped the NYC Mayor’s Office of Climate Resiliency develop a communications tool for the City’s forthcoming Climate Adaptation Roadmap.

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<CLIMATE ADAPTATION AND DISASTER PLANNING> [Fall 2021] Hugo Sarmiento

This course introduced the role of urban planners in planning for climate change adaptation and post-disaster recovery. It emphasized the political and economic dimensions of planning for climate change, including the role of government and local communities in the planning process. It reviewed current debates in resilience theory, climate governance, and climate justice.

Last, it provided an overview of international agreements on climate change, federal emergency management laws and frameworks, and local adaptation planning strategies such as managed retreats in coastal communities. <URBAN DESIGN FOR PLANNERS> [Spring 2022] Jeff Shumaker This course helped students acquire the principles to inform urban design practice through three major pedagogical objectives. First, it helped students understand the contemporary city through a series of urban design tools. Second, it covered both historical and modern urban design principles. Finally, it included all the scales in which urban designers operate, ranging from the fundamentals of social interaction in public space to the environmental sustainability of a region. The course was structured around the most typical problems that urban designers will be asked to solve. Students applied key urban design readings to research and design exercises that built a fundamental urban design understanding and skill set. <LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY AND BIG CITY PLANNING> [Fall 2021] Howard Slatkin With a focus on NYC and other major U.S. cities, this course examined federalism, government formation, equity, public finance, the relationship between states and local entities, cooperation and conflict between neighboring and overlapping entities, and the relationship between local government and the people within and around these entities. It considered how the structure of local government authority shapes land use, economic development, and other planning objectives and strategies. It examined the interplay between elective representation, planning processes, and decision-making authority and the social-equitable impact of local governance to understand the implications for local action on a wide range of issues including housing equity, environmental justice, and climate action. <DELIVERING URBAN PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE: PRACTICUM ON INDUSTRIALIZED CITIES> [Fall 2021] Jamie Torres Springer Many industrialized and post-industrialized cities find themselves with severe infrastructure challenges. This practicum examined key approaches to addressing these challenges, positioning the emerging professional to work within multidisciplinary efforts to plan and deliver infrastructure in the modern industrial/post-industrial city. It included a practical study of the planning, regulatory, and legal environment for public infrastructure delivery and examined case studies, such as NYC’s coastal resiliency projects, the expansion of transit and transit-oriented development in London and Los Angeles, the planned investment by Sidewalk Labs in the Toronto waterfront, and the rollout of broadband and wireless technology. <PLANNING LAW> [Spring 2022] Kurt Steinhouse Urban planners, architects, and other design professionals play an essential role in the laws and regulations that shape the built environment. This course provided students with a working knowledge of the legal systems and constraints that affect how land may be used and developed and how these systems guide and are guided by participants in the field. With a particular focus on zoning as a tool to implement planning, the course examined the issues and tensions that arise between participants and how legal and extralegal methods can resolve these land-use conflicts. <BUILT ENVIRONMENT DISRUPTION: PARTNERSHIPS AND URBAN TECHNOLOGY> [Spring 2022] Kate Wittels, Adam Tanaka From the second half of the 20th century to the present, the financial, institutional, legal, political, and conceptual boundaries between public and

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Urban Planning private in urban development and governance have become less distinct. In this context, the definition of public benefit is contested as is the question of who should be responsible to define and defend public interest in city-making. This course relied on case studies to explore ways cities have changed with the acceleration of entrepreneurial activity across sectors in recent decades. Students were exposed to questions of ownership and public responsibility as well as best practices in planning and policy designed to encourage the integration of new technology and business models, improving how one lives, works, consumes, and plays in cities today and in the future.

<SITE PLANNING AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR DEVELOPMENT> [Fall 2021] Graham Trelstad Human settlements are created and communities structured mostly by private individuals or firms constructing buildings on parcels — as long as the sites are accessible, somehow related to nodes of other urban activity, and equipped with support services. In the U.S., this practice has been called “site planning” or “subdivision” and has created millions of houses and thousands of commercial centers around all American metropolitan areas since World War II. The results have been roundly criticized from an urbanistic point of view, however, the public preference strongly favors this type of development. This course discussed the specific techniques that planners and developers can employ toward achieving good site development with consideration of their effectiveness and sustainability and enabled students to develop skills in application. <ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT> [Spring 2022] Graham Trelstad This course explored the key procedural elements of NEPA, SEQRA, and CEQR and the key analytic techniques used in impact assessment and investigated how the application of environmental impact assessment affects project outcomes. Lectures introduced students to the statutory requirements of the laws, important judicial decisions interpreting the laws, and standard methodologies for conducting environmental assessments. Case studies illustrated the effect of the environmental impact assessment on the design and implementation of projects or governmental actions.

Practical assignments gave students an introduction to the state of practice and the range of analytic techniques used in environmental impact assessment. <INTRODUCTION TO TRANSPORTATION PLANNING> [Fall 2021] Rachel Weinberger This course explored how planners understand transportation by viewing transportation in its historical context. It examined the theoretical underpinnings of the transportation-land use relationship, how transportation supports or undermines the economy, how it affects health and the environment and, finally, how transportation planning is practiced. Topics included travel forecasting, travel behavior and demand management, the auto/highway system, public transit, livery and transportation networked companies, ride-sharing, equity and environmental justice, mobility pricing, and freight. <PRACTICUM: PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND COMMUNICATION> [Fall 2021] Douglas Woodward This hands-on practicum built and expanded students’ professional skills essential for planning practice. Class activities and assignments focused on written, graphic, and oral communication skills and engaged with critical issues in the planning process such as client relations, community engagement, and professional ethics. In addition, each student participated as a member of a planning team to prepare and present for a moot planning commission session before current and former planning commissioners and senior staff of planning departments. <METROPOLITAN PLANNING> [Fall 2021] Tom Wright This course explored strategies for planning metropolitan regions with a special focus on the institutions and issues that transcend local political boundaries

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343 including transportation, resilience, housing, and governance. Drawing on the experiences of the Regional Plan Association’s four landmark plans for the New York region, national, and international case studies, the course analyzed the success and failure of various strategies for protecting open space, addressing the challenges of climate change, supporting economic development and affordable housing, and investing in transportation infrastructure. What models have been successful in addressing these challenges? What new structures will be needed in the face of economic and technological changes? And how will society pay for the investments necessary to create fair, sustainable, and prosperous metropolitan regions in the future?

<ADVANCED RESEARCH AND INDEPENDENT STUDY> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Weiping Wu, Emily Junker Students planned a course of self-study and inquiry alongside their selected advisor who reviewed the final work against the description and goals of the proposal. Advanced Research involved library research, lab work, fieldwork, or other research methods, resulting in a final product such as a paper, digital design, map, or an alternative formatbest suited for illuminating the results of the research. <CHINESE URBANISM IN GLOBAL CONTEXT> [Fall 2021] Weiping Wu While urbanizing China is undergoing socio-economic and spatial transformation resembling patterns seen elsewhere in the world, parts of its trajectory clearly push the limits of contemporary urban and planning theories and experience. This course situates Chinese urbanism in the global context, exploring the institutional settings, policy interventions, and urban realities. It focuses on four broad topic clusters and explicitly compares with practices in other countries: China’s urbanization path and growth patterns, migration and socio-spatial inequalities, land management and financing of urban development, and the role and practice of planning. <THESIS/CAPSTONE WORKSHOP> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Weiping Wu As a two-semester thesis or professional capstone, this course served as an individual study or investigation of students’ own choice, closely supervised by a full-time faculty member of the Urban Planning Program. It demonstrated the students’ ability to structure an argument surrounding an issue or problem significant to planning practice, planning theory, and/or the profession itself.

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<STUDIO: CONVERTED HOMES | FROM OFFICES TO AFFORDABLE HOMES> Anthony Borelli, Sybil Wa The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated NYC’s affordable housing crisis and ravaged the commercial office real estate market, forcing us to rethink our dependence on office space. This studio sought solutions to these problems through commercial-to-residential conversions. Furthermore, it explored the potential of conversion to meet housing needs in NYC; studying the physical, financial, regulatory, and political barriers; and proposing policy changes needed to facilitate office and

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hotel conversion to affordable housing. Using spatial data analysis, it honed in on three NYC office buildings of various different typologies in Midtown, the Financial District, and Forest Hills, Queens to demonstrate the diversity of potential conversion models. Students: Zhihao Bao, Christian Budow, Kimberly Cheung, Kit Nga Chou, Stacey Chui, Carlos Miranda Pereyra, Wenqi (Hazel) Ni, Alisa Nurmansyah, Morgan Reuther, Daniel Wexler, Andrea Wong Magnalardo Client: Citizen’s Housing and Planning Council

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<STUDIO: REIMAGINING PUBLIC SPACE IN PANDEMIC & POST-PANDEMIC NY> Ryan Devlin, Jose Luis Vallejo The studio aimed to reimagine what equitable public spaces could be in a post-pandemic world and sought to build upon the work done with the temporary Open Streets and Open Restaurants programs as they transition towards permanence. The studio proposed strategies to ensure public space equity that focused on creating new and flexible typologies called CoScapes, supported by a place governance management framework and adequate financial resources. It was guided by the

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belief that everyone regardless of zip code can and should have access to open space and these spaces should be managed with openness, transparency, and community input. Students: Tomas Carrillo, Hilary Ho, HaoChe Hung, Candice (Siyun) Ji, Jim Lammers, ​​ Fukunda Mbaru, Jillian Solomon, Kevin Tang, Varisa Tantiwasadakran, Sofia Vala, Mia Winther-Tamaki, Ya Hsuan Yang Client: NYC Department of Transportation

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<STUDIO: PLANNING FOR MIGRANT SHELTER> Maxine Griffith, Nilda Mesa This studio focused on Newark, New Jersey as a case study. The goal was to develop a climate change sensitive planning model for housing migrant populations. Course readings focused on developing a basic understanding of local planning approaches as well as understanding the migrants and their needs. The studio surveyed current thinking on the housing of migrant populations and examined local land use and zoning laws and ordinances that either supported or were a hindrance to achieving a good outcome. Students: Kirthi Balakrishnan, Ariana

Columbia GSAPP

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Bon-Hodoyán, Michelle Chen, Rozette De Castro, Zhaoxuan Duan, Calvin Harrison, Nabila Hawali, Lizzie Lee, Victoria Lin, Geryel Osorio Godoy, Robert Sanchez Client: Newark, New Jersey Office of Planning and Zoning

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Urban Planning

<STUDIO: RETREAT OR RESURGENCE | REIMAGINING PLANNING FOR CLIMATE CHANGE IN NYC> Deborah Helaine Morris, Hugo Sarmiento This studio explored the role that community-centered actors and strategies can play in planning for climate adaptation in low-lying areas across NYC. It focused on neighborhoods where repeated flooding is expected to result in a change in the occupancy and ownership of property, potentially create vacancy, and a need for new land uses. This studio aimed to reimagine both the role of existing actors and land management strategies, such as community land trusts and land-banking, in communities experiencing these transitions. The studio produced a method for climate adaptation

Columbia GSAPP

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planning in NYC. Using neighborhood case studies as a basis, the studio created a typology matrix to evaluate scenarios of how neighborhoods may experience transitions. Ultimately, it identified the viable pathways for transformative climate adaptation in these neighborhood types. Students: Sarah Abdallah, Natalie Bartfay, Sean Chew, Margaret Hanson, Dmitri Johnson, Ted Leventhal, Mollye Liu, Nikolas Michael, Sabina Sethi Unni, Matthew Shore, Eshwatti Sookram, Kyliel Thompson Client: NYC Mayor’s Office

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Urban Planning

<STUDIO: AFTER THE EMPIRE | REIMAGINING STRANDED ASSETS IN THE HUDSON VALLEY> Pedro Rivera, Ubaldo Escalante The studio studied the impact of abandoned or underutilized public infrastructures to propose policies, programs, and designs that reconcile them with the landscape, natural systems, and local communities. The focus was the Hudson Valley, a region that experienced rapid growth during the Industrial Revolution followed by decline due to the advent of new technologies, resulting in abandoned infrastructure. Students explored “stranded assets” which are public and private

Isaac Khouzam, Charlie Liu, Ruiqi Zhu

Alan Cai, Thiago Lee

Columbia GSAPP

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infrastructure with communal and environmental value that have been or will become abandoned due to political, economic, environmental, and technological change. They explored how these infrastructures can be rebuilt to address environmental and equity goals and address issues that led to or were caused by their stranding Client: Groundwork Hudson Valley

Joan Du, Wei Xiao

Zina Berrada, Sebastian Bielski

Gabrielle Coleman, Eliza Dekker, Polina Stepanova

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Urban Planning

<ADVANCED SPATIAL ANALYSIS> Alanna Browdy, Daniel Froehlich

Eliza Dekker, Danielle Roberts

Carlos Miranda Pereyra, Shreya Arora

Calvin Harrison, Varisa Tanti

Columbia GSAPP

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<URBAN ANALYTICS AND HUMAN-CENTERED DECISION MAKING> André Corrêa d’Almeida

Zaynab Abdi, Sameea Butt, Boyang Dan, Jackson Fordham, Sori Han, Justin Kits, Lizzie Lee, Danielle Roberts, Jiabao Sun, Kevin Tang, Shen Xin

Tamim Abedin, Alan Jidong Cai, Jianwen Du, Candice Siyun Ji, Dmitri Armand Johnson, Aria Ziwei Ling, Eve Passman, Gadha Raj, Sreenidhi Rao, Sebastian Salas, Mia Winther-Tamaki

Urban Planning

356 <PRACTICUM: REIMAGINING PUBLIC SPACE> Ryan Devlin

Shen Xin, Jackson Fordham, Sori Han

Andrea Wong, Kit Nga Chou, Matthew Shore, Shreya Arora, Soyeon Kim, Varisa Tanti

HaoChe Hung, Mark-Henry Decrausaz

Columbia GSAPP

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357

<PRACTICUM: RESIDENTIAL PLANNING IN GLOBAL CITIES> Kate Dunham

Tiffany Vien, Mollye Liu, Stacey Chiu

Rob Sanchez, Victoria Lin

Eve Passman, Leila Collins

Boyang San, Ya Hsuan (Theresa) Yang

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Urban Planning

<COMMUNITY OUTREACH & ENGAGEMENT: A HARLEM PRACTICUM> Flores A. Forbes, John Reddick

Geryel Osorio Godoy, Matthew Shore, Nile Johnson

Zhaoxiang Yun, Kate Highstrete

Columbia GSAPP

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<INTRO TO URBAN DATA AND INFORMATICS> Boyeong Hong

Eliza Dekker, Sarah Mawdsley, Kimberly Cheun

Mia Winther-Tamaki, Tiffany Vien, Eve Passman

Kirthi Balakrishnan, Lizzie Lee, Christian Budow, Shreya Arora

Michelle Chen, HaoChe Hung, Daniel Wexler

Urban Planning

360 <EXPLORING URBAN DATA WITH MACHINE LEARNING> Boyeong Hong

Wei Xiao Fangwan

HaoChe Hung, Sean Chew, Hilarly Ho, Ya Hsuan (Theresa) Yang

Kirthi Balkrishnan, Lizzie Lee, Kit Chou, Michelle Chen

Columbia GSAPP

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<GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS> Leah Meisterlin

Eshwatti Sookram, Gabrielle Coleman

Michelle Chen, Eliza Dekker

Sean Chew, Calvin Harrison, Morgan Reuther

Urban Planning

362 <URBAN DESIGN FOR PLANNERS> Jeffrey Shumaker

Fukunda Mbaru

Alisa Nurmansyah, Geryel Osorio Godoy

Columbia GSAPP

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364 <THESES AND CAPSTONES>

Urban Planning

Columbia GSAPP

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365

Shreya Arora

Derek Brennan

Leila Collins

Urban Politics of Death: Memorabilia and Mutual Aid amid COVID-19 Pandemic in NYC Ryan Devlin, Advisor

Crisis Management: Bureaucracy, Austerity, and Managing Homelessness in the Temporal Camp Bernadette Baird-Zars, Advisor

Hidden Alpha: A Path Towards More Rental Assistance Housing Weiping Wu, Advisor

The thesis focuses on challenges faced by low-income immigrants in NYC through crisis, loss, and memory brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. How did “Mutual Aid” social networks supplement the City Agency’s role in these communities? The objective is to identify City Agency-affiliated gaps experienced at grassroots levels by vulnerable populations during moments of public emergency and how social networks and the role of “mutual aid or self-help” organizations play an active role in public support in mitigating such challenges. While City Agency initiatives provided temporary relief to those who were able to avail it, the insulating nature of these new grassroots efforts of community organization moves beyond questioning why the already existing social systems and planned programs failed to be approachable and accessible to all. As planners, it becomes critical for us to engage in what are these binaries that are continually followed by systems of governance and retained informally by community solidarity during emergencies in a city.

The research uses a qualitative framework incorporating reflexivity with a methodology of triangulation for data collection. It analyzes semi-structured interviews with 18 Mutual Aid Group representatives in NYC to answer the above research questions using an integrated approach of inductive-deductive thematic analysis framework. Borrowing from the discourse of urban informality, governance, and politics of the state and “people-centered” urban planning, this thesis highlights the context of COVID-19 and associated politics to understand the dynamics of marginalization of vulnerable communities and co-production transformations of such social networks. Mutual Aid alliances, therefore, can be seen as the smallest unit of civic construction at its unit level that harbors sustained local community belonging, being the nexus between informal social networks and formal City Agency governance, especially during public-scale crises and urban emergencies.▄

Housing is a crisis, and in lieu of a resolution, its fallout is managed through time indefinitely. NYC administers homeless services through intensely bureaucratized structures and by a logic of austerity that reserves public assistance only for those who ‘truly need’ it. My thesis argues that this intersection of austerity and bureaucracy produces a permanent class of unhoused people who, in their lived reality of crisis, very much need public assistance, but in the eyes of the bureaucracies that administer this assistance, do not need it enough.

The result is that their crisis continues in perpetuity.

I make this argument by drawing from my own ethnographic research in New York’s Lower East Side with people who are unhoused and who are members of this permanent crisis class. For those who I have interviewed, bureaucracy is much more than the particular agencies that provide or deny them services. It is a broad governing structure that manages their lives in shelters and in public space, that suspends them in an alienated time of crisis indefinitely. I use Agamben’s (1998) notion of the camp to elucidate the indistinct temporality my informants occupy when permanently anchored at the bottom of waitlists to receive assistance. Finally, I ground these findings in the context of the real estate state (Stein 2019), which oversees the biopolitical economy of housing, and which produces, manages, and benefits from the ongoing housing crisis.▚

The U.S. is facing a dire affordable housing crisis.

Without a viable path to maintain existing and build new public housing, private investment into Section 8 housing is the fastest path to preserve and create subsidized units. My research engages in qualitative and quantitative analysis of the risk and returns for investors in Section 8. I conclude that there are likely high returns that are not adjusted for risk. The investors are therefore taking outsized returns of a government backed asset. I propose various market and policy solutions to stimulate competition to right size the returns in relation to the risk to increase the total number of units preserved per government dollar invested. ◖

Urban Planning

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Columbia GSAPP

<THESES AND CAPSTONES>

Boyang Dan

Jianwen Du

HK Dunston

An Interactive Dashboard: Building Energy Efficiency Justice Analysis in NYC Bernadette Baird-Zars, Advisor

Evaluation of Local Zoning Regulation and Policy on Housing Affordability Crisis in NYC Boyeong Hong, Advisor

Wake up all the Builders: Fatigue and Utopia In Washington Heights and Inwood Hugo Sarmiento, Advisor

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to NYC. Continued rising heat, sea level rise, and extreme weather threaten urban residents, communities, and our built environment for the foreseeable future.

Buildings account for two-thirds of NYC’s GHG emissions. A large portion of the buildings in NYC are already built. This reality makes retrofitting existing buildings critically important; improving the energy efficiency of existing buildings becomes critically promising. NYC has introduced laws and programs to improve building energy efficiency. The energy efficiency rating is one of the most direct and most widely used indicators of building energy efficiency, which is used to evaluate buildings’ energy consumption, overall comfort, and energy costs. The research question for this capstone is the characteristics of Energy Star Score in terms of their distribution in time and space.

This capstone uses statistical methods to analyze the distribution of Energy Star scores by timeline, building type, and other factors. Linear regression is used to analyze the relationship between Energy Star scores and building-related factors. Finally, the MultiCriteria Decision Analysis method is used to analyze Energy Star scores geographically. The main goal is to examine the performance of building energy efficiency across NYC based on Energy Star scores through spatial analysis and regression analysis, and to identify areas where low levels of building energy efficiency intersect with environmental justice indicators such as low-income and non-white populations.

The primary output is a platform with visual, interactive energy efficiency maps and a straightforward dashboard that can be manipulated to display visual statistical and spatial data. The deliverables are intended to serve the decision-making needs of relevant NYC agencies and other stakeholders, such as environmental justice groups, landlords, investors in building retrofits, and community advocates.▙

NYC has experienced rising unaffordability in recent years with the following housing crisis that impacts local communities, pushes out our people, and makes the city less welcoming. In this challenging time, the research highlights the important role of local government and its zoning regulations in easing the severe affordability crisis citywide, which can not only affect the supply of housing units but can be used as incentives to leverage private capital in developing affordable units.

To better guide future housing development, the research aims to evaluate local zoning regulation and policy on affordability crisis and approaches it by introducing the view of local housing needs into the framework (efficiency, effectiveness, and equitability).

The findings reveal sorting of the population by income, job, occupants, and race in communities citywide; inequity in the region-wide distribution of residential land use without fully addressing local housing needs; and less effective land-use changes that exacerbate divergence in housing needs across the city. Meanwhile, the research points out potential opportunities to make the proper land use actions in areas with high transit access to accommodate more housing supply. As for inclusionary zoning policies, the research presents the transformation of policy design to respond to a severer housing crisis with stricter restrictions on developers.

The analysis shows inequity in the distribution of affordable units in neighborhoods, especially in the weak markets of the city; low effectiveness of policy outcomes compared to the whole city’s construction volume, and low efficiency for some aspects of policy design, which cannot fully address pressing housing needs.

Also, the implications of results on policy design are proposed in the research. However, this research does not examine the direct effects of land-use change or affordable housing provided on housing production or costs, which is worth further research in the future.▌

This study explores community leaders’ perceptions of the future of the NYC neighborhoods of Washington Heights and Inwood. Taking an ethnographic approach, the author conducted in-depth interviews with community leaders about neighborhood challenges and potential futures. In addition, the author observed neighborhood events and Community Board meetings over two years from 2020 to 2022, while also reviewing historical analysis and social media discussions. The study asked informants to imagine utopian and dystopian futures of Washington Heights in 2050, eliciting their aspirations, fears, and expectations for the neighborhood.

Through these discussions, the author developed an ethnography of the future, illustrating informants’ expansive visions for more just societies built on care, equity, and the celebration of new ways of being in the world, where complex biodiversity ensures healthy soil and productive growth, both literally and metaphorically. However, this research also makes clear that future visions cannot be understood independently of the troubled history of the neighborhood as well as its challenging present, which has been steeped in the fear and fatigue of the COVID-19 era.

Acting on the collective aspirations for the neighborhood in 2050 requires imagining the repair of injustices from the past, identifying the traces of repair that exist in the present, and carrying forward those traces toward an emancipatory future.▲

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Jackson Fordham

Sori Han

Gizem Karagoz

Modeling Toll Price Impacts on Traffic Volume in NYC Boyeong Hong, Advisor

Developing a NYC Open Streets Economic Impact Study Plan Ryan Devlin, Advisor

Beyond the Flood Maps: Post Hurricane Ida Flood Risk, Housing Informality and Community Based Recovery to Adaptation Narratives Hugo Sarmiento, Advisor

NYC is currently developing a congestion pricing policy called the Central Business District Tolling Program (CBDTP). One of the organizations that has advocated for congestion pricing is the Regional Planning Association (RPA) who also serves as the client for this capstone project. This project attempts to answer the following research questions: How can the CBDTP policy decisions be explored for the best possible options for toll prices using traffic volume modeling? How does the toll prices on NYC bridges and tunnels impact traffic volume?

This capstone project utilizes mixed methods in an exploratory-sequential approach design. The principal method applied is a quantitative study with a complementary preliminary qualitative study. The qualitative methods applied are semi-structured interviews with professionals in the transportation planning sector who provided information on how planners typically approach understanding policy impacts such as the CBDTP. The quantitative research is conducted in a three part methodology: defining variables, using supervised learning modeling to analyze the correlations between historical traffic volumes and the other features analyzed, and predicting traffic volumes for each crossing based on predicted values of the independent variables using the best performing model.

The dependent variable for the analysis will be traffic volume. Independent variables for the analysis include toll price, population, economic factors and temporal events and include 142 features in total that were collected and organized. 42 different Machine Learning models are tested. A Gradient Boosted Regression Trees (GBRT) model is found to predict traffic volumes with high accuracy using only toll prices and employment. This model as well as the limitations and findings of the analyses are incorporated into a report as well as a website for the client, RPA.▽

The NYC Open Streets program was first introduced in May 2020 as an emergency program and has since become a permanent part of the landscape. The program has been transforming many streets into public spaces by closing corridors to vehicular traffic and opening up to pedestrians and cyclists. Open Streets has continued to evolve as a recovery tool to not only include outdoor dining, but also feature cultural programming, the ability to socialize safely, and other layers that promote the use of streets as public spaces.

As existing studies have already proved, it’s no surprise that this program, like other public space programs and street improvement projects, has positively impacted community economic development.

However, due to the program’s quick expansion citywide, there are no existing plans or tools for measuring and evaluating its impact on the surrounding businesses and communities. Although NYC DOT has evaluation tools for past public space programs and street improvement projects, customized tools for the Open Streets program is necessary as it has a number of distinct characteristics. Furthermore, most existing tools for measuring the economic impacts of changes to street environments lack quantitative methods and comprehensiveness as they primarily focus on qualitative surveys of consumers and business owners.

While anecdotal evidences from business owners indicate that sales improved by participating in Open Streets programs, quantitative data capturing the impact of Open Streets on local businesses, like consumer spending, will be key to developing and establishing a sustainable program. Working with the Regional Plan Association and Alfresco NYC, this capstone produced the Open Streets Economic Impact Study Plan to understand the contextual economic impact both qualitatively and quantitatively, and to conduct an economic impact analysis on Amsterdam Avenue Open Streets to demonstrate usage of the impact study plan and tools.◐

Effects of climate change on different socio-demographic identities, such as immigrant communities, within low-income and informal housing settlements lack sufficient research and analysis. Literature written on the compounded impacts of social vulnerability factors reveal residents living in informal housing conditions are at best ignored by planning policies, as in the case of NYC basement dwellings, and at worst are evicted by housing authorities (Dodman, 2019). These two extreme responses make planning climate recovery and adaptation at the household level difficult without acknowledging and learning from the conditions of informality.

How can NYC plan for future inland flood events and accurately understand the risk posed on vulnerable communities living in basement apartments if it cannot rely on formal disaster recovery and climate adaptation policies and procedures? This thesis argues that centering critical theory and the subaltern can contribute to adapting climate research to conditions of urban informality. This complex challenge at the intersection of informal housing and climate change presents an opportunity to produce theory, knowledge, and policy in conjunction with communities who have experience working with states of informality.

In the case of NYC, Community Based Organizations who have developed a history of trust with immigrant communities and their states of housing informality undertake a critical role. Centering the knowledge and experience of CBOs in the aftermath of Hurricane Ida through narrative research reveals the challenges and opportunities to better understand the compounded vulnerability experienced by immigrants who depend on basement apartments in flood zones. It also provides a means to address ‘informality’ in future disaster recovery and climate adaptation planning to encourage stormwater flooding policies that are informed by community needs and build on local assets.◕

Urban Planning

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Columbia GSAPP

<THESES AND CAPSTONES>

Jean Kim

Hanbo Lei

Moses Naranyan Levich

The NYC Subway: Invisibility, Crisis, Materiality, Fantasy Ryan Devlin, Advisor

Are Parks Equitable for New Yorkers?

Examining the Equity of Acreage and Safety of Parks Boyeong Hong, Advisor

Prioritizing Streets for Multipurpose Green Infrastructure: A Spatial Framework for NYC Ryan Devlin, Advisor

In many ways, large infrastructural systems like the subway represent a collective fantasy of the city: a shared physical apparatus that shapes individual routines, desires, and identities. The subway enables the vision of NYC as “The Greatest City on Earth” and “The City that Never Sleeps.” From the day the first underground line opened in 1904, the subway system has run 24/7, setting the terms for social and economic life in the city.

These visions are enabled by the material infrastructural components that make up the subway system — train cars, tracks, signaling systems, control rooms, as well as train operators, maintenance workers, and MTA officials that operate them. Yet these material and human infrastructures are often rendered invisible because they are valued only for their utility as a means to our ends, causing the material conditions of the system to remain invisible except in moments of crisis or disruption. This thesis begins by identifying three recent moments of crisis — Hurricane Sandy (2012), the Summer of Hell (2017) and the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020) — that brought the material components of the system into friction with our fantasies of the subway.

The post-crisis recovery process forces us to reconcile our individual and collective expectations of the system with its actual material condition. This negotiation exposes the normally invisible socio-political processes that determine which projects and material components are prioritized over others, or what I call the logics of repair. By tracking and categorizing the MTA’s capital spending in the years surrounding these crises through publicly released data and reports on the MTA’s capital plans, this thesis illustrates the ways in which fantasy has mobilized large amounts of financial capital and political will for certain projects at the expense of more critical system-wide repairs.◖

Parks are important for people’s well-being but, historically, parks have worse coverage for vulnerable populations. This thesis examines whether park acreage and park safety are inequitable across vulnerable people in NYC. The network analysis, CadastralBased Expert Dasymetric System, two-step floating catchment area method, and weighted average method were used to measure park acreage and safety.

LASSO regression algorithm was used to build regression models to detect whether there is an inequity issue so that vulnerable populations have access to less park acreage or worse park safety. The results show that the minority and foreign-born populations have inequitable fewer park acreage but that there is no significant inequity in park safety.▉

The Regional Plan Association recommends that NYC construct green infrastructure on every suitable city street. This goal informs the research aims of this capstone project: where should the city focus its resources to build this infrastructure, and how do different value systems affect this location decision? In this project, I design and carry out a GIS-based MCDA (Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis) that integrates twelve factors, each representing a specific need that green infrastructure could address or mitigate. I then propose a participatory mapping tool that will allow users to carry out their own MCDA according to individual values and priorities.

Green infrastructure has traditionally referred to nature-based solutions for a single purpose: generally either stormwater management or shade. In order to better address the multifaceted potential benefits of street trees and rain gardens, this project conceptualizes these interventions as multipurpose green infrastructure. The manifold nature of potential benefits is reflected in the categorization of the criteria used to make the model: access to green space, risk of stormwater flooding, air quality, and socioeconomic vulnerability. Initial investigation into different feature weights reveals relatively consistent patterns: high-priority neighborhoods include Midtown Manhattan, and Bedford-Stuyvesant and Gowanus in Brooklyn.

These results are not definitive, and the ongoing development of an online participatory mapping platform will allow a wider range of feature weights. This platform will have the potential to democratize decisions about green infrastructure placement across the city, from the neighborhood scale to the level of individual city blocks. Working towards bottom-up participation in these critical decisions aligns with environmental justice principles as well as the values of RPA and the city of New York.◒

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Ziwei Ling

Danqing Ma

Sarah Mawdsley

Evaluating the Street Greenery Equity in NYC, Miami, and Los Angeles Hugo Sarmiento, Advisor

Flood-related Climate Risk Resilience in NYC: The Adaptation of Climate Justice after Sandy Weiping Wu, Advisor

Planning for Whom? How the Bias of Urban Planners Impacts Street Improvements Ryan Devlin, Advisor

Street greenery has long been identified as an important part of the urban landscape that has a positive impact on climate change, people’s mental and physical health, and so on. In the face of climate change, we need to pay more attention to the benefits of street trees in mitigating extreme climate events such as heatwaves and improving the health and landscape environment of communities.

However, most research on urban greenery merely use overlooking indicators, such as satellite maps, which are usually on a large scale and different from the greenness perceived by people with their eyes. Hence, this article attempts to assess the state of perceived street greenery and equity in three cities: NYC, Miami, and Los Angeles to propose practical street greenery improvement proposals at census tract level.

In this paper, street canopy coverage is used to measure perceived street greenery using Google Street View (GSV). Multiple linear regression models are created to study economic, housing, and demographic aspects that may connect to street greenery in those cities. The results show that in all three cities, street canopy coverage is positively connected with median household income, suggesting that wealthier people may be exposed to more street greenery than poor people. Street greenery may also suffer as a result of urbanization. Furthermore, race composition also impacts street greenery under certain conditions. The percentage of white people in NYC is associated with more street greenery.◆

In the context of global warming and sea level rise, climate issues have caught much attention from within governments to residents on the street. After the tragic Hurricane Sandy, the climate started to drag more people into a deeper revisit. Climate justice is a relatively new topic that makes people reflect the how climate risk and adaptation are rooted in socioeconomic factors. Growing up with the mindset of top-down decision-making and policy application mechanism, I am passionate about learning more about the situation in New York.

This thesis uses qualitative policy analysis and case studies to figure out the systems of flood-related climate risk resilience and the climate justice aspect in NYC after Sandy.▟

Street improvement projects have an unclear relation to gentrification and scholarship has yet to clarify causation, however, lower-income residents tend to fear displacement as a result of street interventions like bike lanes or street trees and will resist the projects. According to the American Institute of Certified Planners, the role of planners is to serve the public interest, however, if planners and residents hold different views on streetscape interventions in terms of their effect on gentrification, the line begins to blur between what the public interest is and how planners are serving it.

Through qualitative interviews with nineteen planning practitioners working in the realm of street and public space improvements, this thesis aims to understand how planners interpret the topic of gentrification within their roles as stewards of public interest and identify common factors that can impact a planner’s perception of public interest. Findings revealed that planners don’t see street improvement projects as gentrifying, and many believe gentrification to be a problem only for housing and community engagement planners.

Thus, they don’t see much of a role for themselves in mitigating the negative impacts of gentrification.

An analysis of the interviews also shows that lived experience is the most significant factor in how planners define the public interest. Education plays a critical role in how planners perceive their roles as it provides the foundation of knowledge about the field. Lastly, workplace culture has the most impact when it comes to shaping how planners approach planning. These findings are intended to inform practitioners on how they should revise their planning process to better engage with communities to provide them with good planning and design without the fear of displacement.▌

Urban Planning

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Columbia GSAPP

<THESES AND CAPSTONES>

David McNamara

Brady Meixell

Yixuan Ouyang

Managed Retreat in NYC: An Avenue for Climate Justice?

Hugo Sarmiento, Advisor

Predicting the Point: NYC’s de Blasio Era Neighborhood Rezonings, Points of Agreement, and How Neighborhoods Navigated these Complex Negotiations Ryan Devlin, Advisor

The Relationship between Urban Density and COVID Spreading: A Case Study of Wuhan Ryan Devlin, Advisor

Physical and social vulnerability to flood risks are not naturally occurring, but instead are socially, economically, and politically constructed through time. Many of the tools proposed in climate change adaptation discussions focus on physical alterations to the built environment, leaving out considerations of social policy. Several contradictions thus arise when considering policies like managed retreats, basement-dwelling regulations, coastal zoning, and others that aim to protect residents from coastal and inland flooding, in a political economy of housing insecurity, rent burden, wealth stratification, and the retreat of the state from public investments.

On the one hand, the arguments to retreat from areas that will increasingly experience acute disasters from coastal storms and cloud bursts and chronic challenges like increasing tidal floods and eventual permanent inundation must be urgently considered; on the other hand, the tools available to retreat and the political economy in which this retreat would take place would likely exacerbate the underlying social factors of risk.

This raises concerns about the potential for climate change adaptation and resilience strategies to exacerbate structural inequities to climate risks in places like NYC. This research uses a mixed methods approach to trace the historical development in physically vulnerable parts of NYC and the connections between deliberate policy decisions and market mechanisms to the geographies of risk experienced in those vulnerable areas and to present-day challenges experienced by different communities in the face of worsening storms and floods. In doing so, this research argues that policies focused on physical changes to the built environment will worsen inequities in flood risk, even if those physical changes prioritize environmental justice communities. This research will conclude by arguing for the urgency of guaranteeing housing and a livable income as a basic human right as a first step to increasing the housing and financial mobility required to start to address both physical and social geographies of risk.▙

In this thesis, I consider how city commitments made in neighborhood rezoning processes were structured and factors that may predict whether promised community benefits were delivered in a timely fashion. My analysis looks at the initial seven Department of City Planningled neighborhood rezonings during the de Blasio administration in NYC: East New York, Greater East Midtown, Downtown Far Rockaway, East Harlem, Jerome Avenue, Inwood, and Bay Street. I use quantitative analysis of the point of agreement documents, qualitative interviews with relevant stakeholders, and indepth case studies of four of these rezonings.

Using this mixed-methods approach, I aim to break down the political process that gives birth to the POA agreements, provide context behind how POA commitments are structured, and analyze what factors are most likely to lead to the successful fulfillment of a city’s commitment in the aftermath of a rezoning. Taking the rezoning itself as a given, the aim of this work is to inform future planners how a community-facing rezoning can best respond to maximize its potential benefits.

This thesis finds that commitments were most successful when they: were under the purview of the deputy mayor for housing and economic development; were made via capital commitments for projects or new programs; did not require changes to city policy (or its programmatic approach or operations); had a strong and engaged local council member; and when community groups focused pressure and negotiations on requests that were considered more administratively/legally achievable.◖

By 2021, the COVID-19 virus had swept through more than 200 countries worldwide, with enormous impacts on the functioning of cities and the health of inhabitants. From the perspective of urban development, the rapid growth of cities over the past 100 years has led to an increase in the density of the world’s largest cities, which has resulted in unparalleled economic benefits.

The relationship between urban density and the spread of COVID virus is unclear, as high-density cities may become a vector for the rapid spread of the virus in an epidemic but at the same time, higher urban density provides better public services and resources for people’s health to stop the rapid spread of the virus.

In this paper, I try to construct an OLS model from a quantitative perspective utilizing data from a satellite image of ESA and Wuhan Census 2020, taking Wuhan city as an example and investigating the relationship between urban density and COVID virus transmission from a time series-based panel vector autoregression angle.▲

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371

Eve Passman

Mauricio Enrique Rada Orellana

Danielle Roberts

Improving Data-sharing in Hudson County, New Jersey Bernadette Baird-Zars, Advisor

Urban Morphology: A Study of Local Dependencies on Well-Being Metrics in Bogota, New York, and San Francisco Boyeong Hong, Advisor

That’s Rad? Nuance, Complexity, and the Future of U.S. Public Housing Bernadette Baird-Zars, Advisor

In this capstone, I coordinated with the Corporation for Supportive Housing’s (CSH) Senior Program Managers Gabriel Schuster and Cassondra Warney over an eightmonth period to deliver a strategy that will address the lack of supportive housing in Hudson County, New Jersey. Through qualitative research including case studies and interviews with relevant stakeholders, I analyzed the barriers to data-sharing among government agencies, nonprofits, as it relates to HOME grants and Community Development Block Grants.

Finally, I proposed solutions that promote more efficient data-sharing and ultimately generate improved housing outcomes in Hudson County. These solutions include advocating for buy-in at the state level, identifying what nonprofits, city, county, and state officials’ work relates to homelessness, and designating an official to advocate for improved data-sharing at the state-level.▞

The configuration of the urban morphology shapes our behavior, which manifests through urban patterns such as livability, traffic, economic growth, and pollution.

This thesis aims for a two-fold objective: to deliver a typology of neighborhoods based on their urban form characterization and an analysis of the effects of the form on traffic congestion and pollutant concentrations.

The methodology incorporates a quantitative-methods design. First, it encompasses a quantification of the urban form at the neighborhood scale based on the analysis from the literature review. I designed a typology through unsupervised learning to analyze the dependencies between the types and their components with estimated traffic and pollution patterns using statistical and supervised learning techniques.

While the cities of study are Bogota, New York, and San Francisco, this thesis aims to provide a generalizable quantitative theoretical framework of the positive or negative effects of the urban form on traffic concentration and pollutant concentrations based on replicable data collection methods. These findings can inform urban designers, planners, and officials to implement density, land use, and street configuration policies or review new infrastructure development. Finally, this modeling framework contributes to the current scarce but increasing literature on quantitative models that forecast built-environment changes at the local scale that can complement traditional city-scale analysis.◓

Public housing has always been a battleground in the fight between the public and private sectors (Vale & Freemark, 2019). At the same time, the role and importance of Public Housing cannot be understated. One interviewee mentioned, “if a resident is struggling to stay in our housing, what chance will they have anywhere else?” Nationally, the stock of public housing units has continued to age and deteriorate, leading to unhealthy living conditions for its residents. The Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) program addresses these capital needs, but this is not the first attempt to improve living conditions. Public housing residents and housing advocates who remember the displacement caused by HOPE VI are rightfully skeptical of relying on the private sector “fix” public housing.

Therefore, this thesis aims to answer an urgent question: what are the critical financial, physical, social, and political determinants that Public Housing Authorities make during RAD conversion?

Using both decision tree algorithms and semi-structured interviews, this thesis seeks to understand how these conversions occur, which can inform the analysis of tenant outcomes. For example, 45% of conversions do not rely on debt or tax credit financing, and 13% include a transfer of assistance from one building to another.

This thesis concludes that RAD is neither the privatization boogeyman nor the savior of public housing.

Further analysis of RAD must therefore provide more nuance and complexity to ascertain the strengths and weaknesses of a program that provided the most funding to public housing in a generation.◗

Urban Planning

372

Columbia GSAPP

<THESES AND CAPSTONES>

Yining Shen

Yuanyuan Shen

Katherin Sibel

New York’s Attractiveness to Chinese Home Buyers Bernadette Baird-Zars, Advisor

Informing NYC Subway Flooding Solutions Through Sociotechnical Infrastructure Management Weiping Wu, Advisor

Deconstructing the Puerto Rican Reconstruction from the Global North and South Perspective Hugo Sarmiento, Advisor

This thesis focuses on Chinese buyers’ role, characteristics, and preferences in the New York real estate market by analyzing the following aspects. First, as background and context, the thesis argues that buyers’ logic and characteristics respond to China’s foreign investment policy history. Second, the thesis details that Chinese buyers are not homogeneous but have patterns of group composition and behavior characteristics. Third, it explains why New York’s housing market is a more economical investment choice compared with Shanghai as a comparable representative of Chinese cities. The fourth section outlines findings, drawing an original assembly and content analysis of sixty brokers of Mandarin language, and lists the primary considerations for Chinese buyers when buying houses. Finally, conclusions are drawn based on the analysis above as a summary.◍

Urban flooding is an urgent problem to be solved as climate change intensifies its threat, and urban subway systems need to prepare for potential flooding.

Since the subway network is part of an interconnected infrastructure system, it is necessary to formulate comprehensive plans for infrastructure maintenance and management. Based on official reports, project plans, news, announcements from the government, and relevant research, I have established a comprehensive framework to assess infrastructure management to deal with flooding in NYC. Drawing from the experience in London and Tokyo I also explore whether their practices can be lessons for NYC in general drainage methods, monitoring and maintenance, and mapping and public awareness. From the perspective of infrastructure management, this study helps NYC clarify the gaps in current infrastructure management, including the necessity to improve sewage design standards, upgrade the monitoring system, and develop an active mechanism to engage the public.◖

Who is the Global North and South? This academic construct will be used to critically analyze Puerto Rico, and its relationship with the U.S. to investigate how this false narrative affects vulnerability to climatic disasters.

The research is a compilation of first-hand reflections as a Latina community planner having lived, worked, and studied in Puerto Rico from 2018–2020. This academic endeavor was a cathartic experience in collecting the stories of American and Boricua recovery workers engaged in the Hurricane Maria disaster response and recovery from September 2017–present. Hurricane Maria was a humanitarian crisis surrounded by intense media coverage, controversy, and scandal due to the federal and state government’s lack of action or adequacy.

This research uncovers major challenges and themes to post-disaster recovery, and how Puerto Rico’s historical relationship with the U.S. affects such challenges. Consequently, why experimenting disaster recovery doctrines, priorities, and practices from the Global North complicates recovery planning.

Content and thematic analysis was dually constructed into a Global North and South perspective through conducting text mining and sentiment analysis of recovery documents and interviews. Doing so deconstructs whether there exists an ‘us’ versus ‘them’ or ‘othering’ dynamic in recovery planning.

Limiting the scope to Hurricane Maria recovery workers and leaders amplifies their personal stories of spiritual resilience and first-hand observations on the recovery challenges and policies being applied to the Puerto Rico. More importantly, it informs how societal and structural racism contributes to disaster risk. The Global South perceptions and frustrations of post-disaster recovery challenges are modern-day colonial systems manifested through the federal reconstruction projects and reporting. This research uncovers why present-day systems collectively prevent(ed) communities from receiving the funding, planning, engagement, and investment necessary to adequately recover and progress toward equitable recovery goals. ◆

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Erik Strand

Jiabao Sun

Tiffany Vien

Subsidizing Gentrification?: Neighborhood Change and Expansion of 421a Geographic Expansion Area Boyeong Hong, Advisor

How Environment Colors Shape Neighborhoods: the Case of NYC Boyeong Hong, Advisor

Evaluating the Built Environment of Innovation Districts Boyeong Hong, Advisor

In 2008, the Geographic Exclusion Area (GEA) of NYC’s 421a tax exemption program was expanded from central Manhattan to include large swaths of all five boroughs.

With a billion-dollar annual price tag, 421a is one of the largest municipal tax breaks to developers in the nation; however, at the time of the expansion, only within the GEA were developers required to provide affordable housing to receive these benefits. Catalyzed by mounting public opposition to 421a, the GEA expansion marked city and state leaders’ commitment to the program as an affordable housing policy capable of combating gentrification and growing inequality in NYC. Despite this show of confidence, the program’s effects on these trends have not been comprehensively analyzed.

In this paper, I deploy a mixed-methods analysis of 421a to understand its effectiveness as an affordable housing policy, using the 2008 GEA expansion as a spatial and temporal case study. Through this research, I conclude that 421a directly accelerates the emergence of income inequality and unaffordable housing in New York, thereby creating the very neighborhoods of inequity and exclusivity that it was designed to prevent. In this way, 421a can be categorized as one of, rather than distinct from, the many problematic programs in the neoliberal suite of affordable housing policy that drives American planning today.◒

This paper focuses on the colors of the environment and its purpose is to explore how colors in the environment influence neighborhoods and improve urban colors in cities for the future. Specifically, research questions focus on the spatial distribution of colors in selected neighborhoods and the correlation between colors of the environment and demographic as well as socioeconomic factors. Based on the above research questions, this study combines quantitative methods with qualitative interviews and observations to guide the analysis.

The quantitative part conducts image processing of Google Street View images to distinguish different color patterns, spatial distributions, and other environmental color features. An OLS regression model using demographic and socioeconomic data to figure out the relationship between demographic and socioeconomic factors and colors of the environment has also been run. The qualitative part adopts observations by the author and snowball sampling interviews with residents, urban planners, and designers, as well as policymakers to decline the bias generated by Google Street View images and to help this research be more practical by adding human-based features into the results.

The research finds that new developments are mainly gray and blue colors while old buildings are usually more red and brown colors. Also, recently developed areas tend to have less green as the dominant color than old brick building areas. As for color diversity, the neighborhood with more traditional buildings tends to have higher color diversity than the neighborhood which has more new developments. Color diversity values of different locations inside a neighborhood with similar building types or functions are similar.

The OLS regression result shows that median household income and proportion of residential area have positive relationships with color diversity.▙

Innovation districts are defined as where leading-edge anchor institutions and companies cluster together to connect with start-ups and small businesses (Katz and Wagner 2018). Although there are vast distinctions in terms of form and function, all innovation districts contain three main assets — economic, physical, and networking — to create an innovation ecosystem.

The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate how the built environment of cities has morphed through the establishment of innovation hubs and districts. By analyzing the changes to the physical landscape, demographic shifts may also be observed as the formation of these districts may cause existing residents to be displaced or entice newcomers into the area. Two hubs of innovation, Industry City and Brooklyn Navy Yard which are both located in Brooklyn, NYC, will be utilized as case studies. This thesis will pose two main research questions: How has the formation of innovation hubs altered the demographics and built environment of the area? What do these areas of innovation offer and how do they differ from the key components found in formalized innovation districts? Through a comparative case study analysis, findings can be made on how these innovation hubs have influenced two different neighborhoods in the same borough. This thesis conducted a mixed-methods approach through the spatial analysis of the case study sites to identify changes in surrounding areas.

Other qualitative methods included site visits to observe and experience the built environment as well as interviews with planners and agents that have been involved with the development and maintenance of these innovation hubs. Assessing the mix of amenities and uses offered in these two locations will assist in determining how certain aspects of these innovation hubs can form an innovation ecosystem.▌

Urban Planning

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Columbia GSAPP

<THESES AND CAPSTONES>

Yue Wei

Shen Xin

Yifei Zhou

Evaluating Bikers’ Experience in Guangzhou, China Weiping Wu, Advisor

Modeling Containerized Waste Pattern for NYC Housing Authority Boyeong Hong, Advisor

The Challenges of Deploying Battery Energy Storage Infrastructure in New York State Weiping Wu, Advisor

Traveling by bike is not only good for the environment but also good for the rider’s health. The birth of the shared bike system undoubtedly provides further conveniences for citizens. It is significant to understand user experience, as building bike infrastructure and facilities should draw from such understanding. This thesis focuses on understanding bike riders’ user experience in Guangzhou, China. The target populations are 18 – 60 years old Guangzhou citizens who have biking experience. Bike users’ opinions are collected from an online survey and follow-up interviews.

Overall, the results suggest that bike users are moderately satisfied with biking in Guangzhou and agree that Guangzhou needs further improvements in biking safety, cost of shared bikes, accessibility to shared bikes, or bike infrastructure (bike lanes, signage, etc.) to elevate bike users’ experiences. Different population groups (age, gender, biking frequency) have subtle differences in satisfaction with their biking experiences. Higher-frequency bikers are slightly more satisfied with biking in Guangzhou. For future implications, Guangzhou could deploy traffic coordinators along bicycle lanes to maintain order and enhance safety. Planning agencies should construct more bicycle lanes in the future. Government and shared bike companies could collaborate and provide discount incentives to encourage bike use. More shared bike stations might be needed in suburban areas.▼

This project delivers a waste projection tool to assist the Department of Waste Management and Pest Control (WMPC) at the NYC Housing Authority (NYCHA) to improve its service efficiency, maintain the campus environment and address the challenges of climate change. To develop this tool, 2017 to 2021 monthly containerized waste data for 127 NYCHA sites is combined with seasonality, built environment characteristics, socio-demographics, and pandemic data to build a Random Forest Regression model that achieves a 0.92 R2 score for prediction.

Semi-structured interviews with sustainability professionals at NYCHA and the NYC Department of Sanitation (DSNY) inform the design and implementation of the modeling methodology. This study derives the finding that population, income, temperature, and residential density are key indicators of residential waste generation and that recycling programs should be implemented on NYCHA campuses to advance the goals outlined in the Authority’s Sustainability Agenda and in the Authority’s agreement with the City and the federal government. This study recommends that the Authority design the recycling programs from a sustainable development perspective to focus on resident education, job provision, and carbon footprint reduction.◔

Clarifying the deployment challenges of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) infrastructure can better enable the improvement of an energy transition.

The flexibility of BESS infrastructure to store and deliver energy while avoiding the space requirement of energy generation and transmission systems is conducive to developing net-zero cities. However, deploying BESS infrastructure brings comprehensive challenges for policymakers, investors, developers, and other market participants.

From a planning perspective, available financing tools, tax incentives, the legal and permitting framework, and zoning and regulation requirements are all potential factors that can lead to deployment obstacles. At a state level, this thesis clarifies the benefits of developing BESS infrastructure, outlines the process from planning to implementation, points out the key players and partnerships, discusses the obstacles to meeting the policy goals, and provides the planning leadership with recommendations for accelerating the deployment process.◤

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Zixuan Zha The Role of Stakeholders and their Participation Network in Urban Regeneration Decision-making in China Weiping Wu, Advisor Since the late 1970s, urban regeneration projects have sprung up in China in response to the country’s rapid economic growth and urbanization. For a long time, the decision-making process of these renewal projects has been criticized for following an underlying elitism and overlooking the needs of the wide range of stakeholders. A rational stakeholder participation mechanism is required in the decision-making process to solve complex urban problems.

Guangzhou, at the forefront of reform and opening up, demonstrated a high intensity of urban reconstruction. This research takes the Yongqing Area Regeneration Project in Guangzhou as a typical case to study the stakeholders and their participation in urban regeneration decision-making in China. Based on the data collected through in-depth interviews, this paper performs stakeholder analysis to identify and characterize the stakeholders, investigate their interdependencies, and provide policy recommendations.

The results show that the urban regeneration decision-making mechanism in China has shifted from interventionism to polyarchy. But both the complexity of China’s government sectors and the informal participation of developers impede effective cooperation among stakeholders. And the current public participation remains insufficient due to a lack of intervention channels.

Finally, policy implications were drawn in terms of legislation and decision-making mechanisms.✦

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Columbia GSAPP

“Retreat or Resurgence: Reimagining Planning for Climate Change in New York City” led by Deborah HelaineMorris and Hugo Sarmiento

Joint architecture and urban planning Studio “After the Empire: Reimagining Stranded Assets in the Hudson Valley” led by Pedro Rivera and Ubaldo Escalante

Spring

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“Converted Homes: From Offices to Affordable Homes” led by Anthony Borelli and Sybil Wa

“Planning for Migrant Shelter | Case Study: Newark” led by Maxine Griffith and Nilda Mesa

“Reimagining Public Space in Pandemic and Post-Pandemic New York” led by Ryan Devlin and Jose Luis Vallejo

2022

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M.S. Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Program Director The Master of Science in Historic Preservation (MSHP) program approaches the discipline and profession through the lens of experimental preservation to teach a critical praxis of care for the materiality of the existing built environment that is creative and socially generative.

Experimental preservation is a new praxis that sees sustaining the materiality of the built environment as an opportunity to generate more meaningful aesthetic experiences, more equitable forms of sociability, deeper historical awareness, and better shared economic benefits. In this sense, the program advances a new position within the disciplines of the built environment that seeks to leave behind old design professions based on destructive, consumptive, and extractive building practices.

Experimental preservation combines the methods of art, materials science, building technology, digital technology, history, and the social sciences into a radically holistic approach to caring for the built environment and improving the human condition. A dedicated Preservation Technology Laboratory supports student and faculty research. It boasts a worldclass faculty whose professional practices and scholarship are internationally recognized as setting the standard in the field of historic preservation since James Marston Fitch founded it in 1964 as the first such program in the United States.

The student work presented in Abstract 2022 demonstrates the program’s unique approach to the experimental preservation not only of monuments and historic buildings but of the entire built environment. These student projects engage preservation both as an experimental form of creative expression and as a critical form of collective action guided by philosophical, ethical, and critical thinking, supported by evidence of its benefits to society, and enabled by emerging technologies and policy tools. In these studio projects and theses, experimental preservation appears to test the limits of what existing buildings, cities, and landscapes can do to spark the collective imagination toward alternative futures that improve on the present.

The student projects presented here are a record of the diverse intellectual interests, critical historical questions, technological experiments, policy research, and design

innovations that have energized our conversations and collective learning this past academic year. The work was produced in studios — the core sequence of the program — as well as required and elective courses on a range of topics, all of which culminate in individual theses.

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<STUDIO III: ENACTING OUR ENVIRONMENTAL ENTANGLEMENTS: INNOVATION/RENOVATION AT THE COLUMBIA CLIMATE SCHOOL’S LAMONT-DOHERTY EARTH OBSERVATORY> [Fall 2021] Jorge Otero-Pailos, Mark Rakatansky This studio proposed an investigation into the ways design can visibly enact society’s own environmental entanglements through the design of a carbon-zero interpretative commons/building and the adaptive reuse of the original manor house for the LamontDoherty Earth Observatory. The fundamental lessons of ecological understanding have been to make evident these entangled interrelations between species and their environment in terms of behavioral, energetic, and informational exchanges. This studio proposed environments that spatialize these relational circulations of mediated environmental matter (air, water, waste), energies (structural and thermal loads), and information (among the scientists and with the visiting public). <STUDIO II: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN HARLEM> [Spring 2022] Erica Avrami, Morgan O’Hara Rather than posing a particular problem for students to solve, Studio II framed an inquiry and a context for open-ended exploration. Specifically, the Spring 2022 Studio II focused on the Harlem community. Students applied a preservation lens to interrogate histories of environmental injustice and to examine how climate vulnerability is socially constructed over time through policies, practices, and projects that shape landscapes and the built environment and privilege or disprivilege the publics that inhabit them. Through their proposals, students imagined and posited preservation’s role in activating these histories to forge more just and equitable climate action. <STUDIO I> [Fall 2021] Andrew Dolkart, Kate Reggev, Claudia Kavenagh Studio I engaged students in questions of preservation and its role in the context of the built environment and its larger cultural manifestations. The course focused on developing research and analysis skills primarily using NYC as the classroom, specifically South Harlem. The studio encouraged students to think about existing preservation tools, work with a variety of methods for exploring the field, and develop the ability to assess what has been learned in order to come to a conclusion about significance. It offered models for approaching preservation questions and for considering the diverse roles of the preservationist in contemporary practice. This was achieved through the collective study of a neighborhood as well as through individual student study of historic resources. <CONSERVATION OF BRICK, TERRA COTTA, AND STONE> [Fall 2021] Daniel Allen, Norman Weiss This course explored a complex group of traditional masonry materials: brick, terracotta, and stone. Specifically, it provided a historical overview of the manufacturing and sourcing of these architectural materials with a focus on the 18th century to the present; an understanding of some fundamental material properties in relation to their use and deterioration in a range of masonry construction systems; and an exploration of state-of-the-art means and methods of their repair, maintenance, and conservation. <PRESERVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY> [Spring 2022] Erica Avrami Through an examination of history and theory along with inquiries into contemporary conditions and practice, this course analyzed the shared and conflicting values at the nexus of preservation and sustainability.

It explored key issues that the preservation field must confront including energy performance and resource consumption, decarbonization and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, circular economies in the built environment, renewable energy production and cultural landscapes, adaptation in situ, climate-forced migration and planned relocation/managed retreat, and resiliency planning and disaster preparedness. The course placed a particular focus on questions of environmental and climate justice, shared and evidenced-based decision-making, and the distributive effects on communities as preservation grapples with these issues through policy and practice.

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<THESIS I AND II> [Fall 2021, Spring 2022] Paul Bentel, Jorge Otero Pailos The thesis is a clear, well-researched, and substantial argument in support of a position on a question of general interest in the field of historic preservation. During the fall semester, students articulated and refined their thesis topics and began research to answer their thesis questions. Assigned faculty advisors provided support and feedback through meetings and presentations. During the spring semester, students worked on their theses, selected readers among faculty and practitioners, and presented their work to advisors for feedback. The semester culminated in a series of thesis juries, during which students defended their theses before their advisor and readers. <OLD BUILDINGS, NEW ENERGY: HISTORY AND CURRENT SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES> [Fall 2021] Francoise Bollack This seminar educated students about the history of re-use and building transformation while also introducing the practical issues of increasing the environmental performance of historic, in particular Modern, buildings. The history of architecture is rich with building re-use and many buildings that have become icons of a new direction in architecture are, in fact, transformations of older buildings. Therefore, the course aimed to learn from this practice of re-using, transforming, renewing, and adapting built heritage to a new worldview. Yet, the course also proposed that Historic Preservation should offer new solutions to the climate emergency by identifying, studying, documenting, and valorizing traditional approaches to environmental adaptation — both technical and behavioral — which have been sidelined by energy-consuming technologies. <COMPARATIVE HERITAGE MANAGEMENT> [Spring 2022] Carolina Castellanos This course focused on advancing the understanding of heritage management systems by analyzing methodologies that have been used in a variety of contexts worldwide.

This aimed to enhance students’ skills related to the development of values-driven site management policies and context-appropriate practices. <NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES> [Spring 2022] Andrew Dolkart This course introduced the criteria for listing on the National Register of Historic Places and the process for completing a National Register nomination.

Each student chose one building and completed an application including the building description, significance statement, mapping, and photography. These nominations were then submitted to the New York State Historic Preservation Office for review. <TRADITIONAL AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE> [Fall 2021] Andrew Dolkart This course explored the architecture of the U.S. from the first buildings erected

by Europeans in the early seventeenth century through the architecture of the late nineteenth century. Students examined iconic architectural monuments erected during this period, ranging from surviving colonial homes to the works of amateur and professional architects such as Peter Harrison, Charles Bulfinch, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Henry Latrobe, John Mills, A. J. Davis, Richard Upjohn, Frank Furness, and Henry Hobson Richardson. This course also explored vernacular buildings and the spread of architectural ideas into rural landscapes. It reviewed the evolving styles of architecture and forces behind developments in American design, discussing the impact of designers and theoreticians such as Frederick Law Olmsted, Andrew Jackson Downing, and Richard Morris Hunt. <HOUSING DEPRESSION ERA NEW YORK> [Spring 2022] Andrew Dolkart This seminar explored housing in NYC between the stock market crash and the entry of the U.S. into World War II. Through discussions, site visits, and student presentations, the course explored the complex issues of housing during an economic downturn. It examined building types and apartment plan types that developed during the era and investigated issues of real estate finance, neighborhood redevelopment, and apartment marketing.

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<CONSERVATION OF ARCHITECTURAL FINISHES> [Spring 2022] Mary Jablonski This course taught the skills to survey, identify, and produce a conditions report on architectural finishes. Students also learned how to research and select treatments for finishes to be executed in the field. <DIGITAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION> [Spring 2022] Bilge Kose This course consisted of two cores. The first core focused on the digital documentation and information management of heritage places at the site and urban scales. Geographic Information System (GIS), an essential data management tool to store, process, analyze, and present complex spatial data collected from various sources like site surveys, archives, and literature, was introduced during this part of the course. The second core focused on documenting and managing heritage places at the site, building, and feature scales. In this part, different heritage surveying and recording techniques like photogrammetry, 3D laser scanning, and traditional methods were introduced. <PUBLIC MEMORIALS REIMAGINED> [Spring 2022] Aleksandr Mergold This master class on reimagining public memorials was led by Aleksandr Mergold, founder of architectural and landscape design practice, Austin + Mergold. <TRADITIONAL BUILDING TECHNOLOGY> [Fall 2021] Tim Michiels This course provided an overview of traditional building materials and systems and equipped students to identify these elements in the built environment.

The class situated materials, buildings, and systems in a technological, historical, sociological, and economic context and provided the necessary sourcing and production information to develop an understanding of their physical behavior.

Using NYC as a case study, the course evaluated the characteristics, interaction, and behavior of the components of different building typologies in the field, while also looking to examples from around the globe. Overall, this course served as the foundation for subsequent material-based conservation courses. <BUILDING CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT> [Spring 2022] Kyle Normandin The course covered various approaches on how to assess and document conditions in order to gain an understanding of a range of varying conditions across construction typologies and building structures. Methods for assessing and categorizing types of conditions were introduced and illustrated with case study presentations, including a discussion on how to identify building problems as background to recommending and developing repairs and treatments for historic buildings. Case studies included older historic buildings (i.e. New York Public Library SASB) as well as post-war complexes such as Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts and the Salk Institute for Biological Studies. Through lectures and site visits, students learned how to identify conditions unique to building forms and constructions while also carrying out visual examination using digital documentation to interpret, diagnose, and assess problems in order to understand appropriate treatments. Students also selected their own case studies and submitted reports covering a range of buildings in Manhattan. <MODERN AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE> [Spring 2022] Jorge Otero-Pailos This course surveyed American Modern Architecture since the country’s first centennial. From the standpoint of the relationship between history and modernity, students analyzed the American architectural struggle to be progressive and accepted, to be exceptional and customary, and to simultaneously capture the future and the past. Each lecture analyzed the production and reception of built (and written) works by renowned figures and anonymous builders. The question of History helped discern the terms of engagement between architecture and other disciplines over time, such as preservation, planning, real estate development, politics, health, ecology, sociology, and philosophy. By considering American architecture’s successes and failures in

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383 relation to these multidisciplinary realities, students gained a richer sense of the historical characteristics that have informed its evolving nature.

<HISTORIC PRESERVATION THEORY AND PRACTICE> [Fall 2021] Jorge Otero-Pailos This lecture course served as an introduction to Western historic preservation theory and practice from the Enlightenment to the present moment of globalization.

It focused especially on how preservation theories and experimental practices helped to redefine and advance new conceptions of architecture, cities, and landscapes. In so, the course explored the histories of historic preservation’s foundational ideas and practices, identifying key figures, texts, and projects while also examining the birth and legacy of different schools of historic preservation.

It focused on understanding the relationship between historic preservation and the social, political, and economic context in which it acquired currency and value. In questioning the relationship between the discipline’s theory and practice, the course aimed to articulate new ways of addressing historic preservation. <MODERN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY> [Spring 2022] Theodore Prudon This course analyzed changes in building technology in the history of modern architecture. It examined how these changes and advancements in material technologies influence design capabilities ranging from glass and glazing technologies — reflected in better performance — to improvements in concrete design and use culminating in brutalist architecture. It also focused on the emergence and development of systems such as ventilation, plumbing, fire protection, and prefabrication. <PRESERVATION PLANNING AND POLICY> [Fall 2021] Rhonda Sincavage This course provided a broad-range introduction to preservation planning and policy and examined the ways public policy affects the built environment.

It viewed historic preservation as a process and planning and policy as steps within that process. The class questioned how historic preservation addresses today’s needs and values and how preservation policy intersects with issues of equity, displacement, community development, land use planning, real estate, and community belonging and identity. This course provided a foundation of preservation planning history, key concepts of preservation policy at the federal and local levels, knowledge of policy elements that incentivize or restrict preservation activity, and an understanding of the role of preservation professionals and the public in the preservation planning process. <INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES> [Spring 2022] Amanda Thomas Trienens The tools and techniques of building investigation in use today are numerous and vary widely from low to high-tech approaches, providing practitioners an array of options to study their structures. Some tools include infrared (IR) imaging, rebound hammer strength measurement, Karsten tube testing, ground penetrating radar (GPR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and ultrasound. Sampling allows practitioners to carry out additional studies in the laboratory, based on some knowledge of statistics and data treatment. Off-site techniques include microchemistry, mortar characterization by gravimetric analysis, water absorption studies, and freeze-thaw testing. To aid students in the understanding of these approaches, this course included hands-on site testing, laboratory testing, lectures, and guest speakers.

Historic Preservation

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Columbia GSAPP

<STUDIO III: ENACTING OUR ENVIRONMENTAL ENTANGLEMENTS: INNOVATION/RENOVATION AT THE COLUMBIA CLIMATE SCHOOL’S LAMONT-DOHERTY EARTH OBSERVATORY> Jorge Otero-Pailos, Mark Rakatansky This studio proposed an investigation into the ways design can visibly enact society’s own environmental entanglements through the design of a carbon-zero interpretative commons-building and the adaptive reuse of the original manor house for the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.

The fundamental lessons of ecological understanding have been to make evident these entangled

Jesse Kling Meghan Vonden Steinen

Ziming Wang

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385

interrelations between species and their environment in terms of behavioral, energetic, and informational exchanges. This studio proposed environments that spatialize these relational circulations of mediated environmental matter (air, water, waste), energies (structural and thermal loads), and information (among the scientists and with the visiting public).

Jianing Wei Andres Alvarez Davila

Preme Chaiyatham

386

Historic Preservation

Columbia GSAPP

<STUDIO II: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN HARLEM> Erica Avrami, Morgan O’Hara Rather than posing a particular problem for students to solve, Studio II framed an inquiry and a context for open-ended exploration. Specifically, the Spring 2022 Studio II focused on the Harlem community. Students applied a preservation lens to interrogate histories of environmental injustice and to examine how climate vulnerability is socially constructed over time through policies, practices, and projects that shape landscapes and the built environment and privilege or disprivilege the publics that inhabit them. Through their

Xiyu Li, Yinjie Tian, Wenjing Xue Nina Nahitchevansky, Shannon Trono Schuyler Daniel

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proposals, students imagined and posited preservation’s role in activating these histories to forge more just and equitable climate action.

Kerrian France

Jerry Schmit

Michelle Leach, Hongye Wang

Historic Preservation

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Columbia GSAPP

<STUDIO I> Andrew Dolkart, Kate Reggev, Claudia Kavenagh Studio I engaged students in questions of preservation and its role in the context of the built environment and its larger cultural manifestations. The course focused on developing research and analysis skills primarily using NYC as the classroom, specifically South Harlem. The studio encouraged students to think about existing preservation tools, work with a variety of methods for exploring the field, and develop the ability to assess what has been learned in order to come to a conclusion about significance. It offered models for approaching preservation

Shuya Zhao 204-210 W 122 St

Jacqueline Danielyan

Michelle Leach

Faison Firehouse

Westminster Hall

Xiyu Li The Former Temple Israel

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questions and for considering the diverse roles of the preservationist in contemporary practice.

This was achieved through the collective study of a neighborhood as well as through individual student study of historic resources.

Daoxin Chen

Elaf Alsibyani

200-206 St Nicholas Ave

Pabst Harlem

Jerry Schmit Bernheimer Building

Adam Brodheim Schomburg Plaza

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Historic Preservation

<BUILDING CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT> Kyle Normandin Students: Adam Oscar Brodheim, Daoxin Chen, Emily Conklin, Hongye Wang, Jason Fung, Jerry Schmit, Luxi Yang, Michelle Leach, Mimi Rook Vaughan, Shuya Zhao, Wenjing Xue, Zihao Zhang

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

<SECTION C> <INVESTIGATIVE TECHNIQUES> Amanda Thomas Trienens Students: Schuyler Daniel, Michelle Leach, Dana Lieber, Nina Nahitchevanksy, Shannon Trono, Jianing Wei, Luxi Yang, Clara Yip, Damiana Yousef, Kemuning Adiputri

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Historic Preservation

<CONSERVATION OF ARCHITECTURAL FINISHES> Mary Jablonski Students: Elaf Alsibyani, Damiana Yousef, Jaqueline Danielyna, Nina Nahitchevansky, Johnathan Clemente, Preme Chaiyatham, Meghan Vonden Steinen, Shannon Trono, Valerie Smith, Winnie Michi

Columbia GSAPP

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393

<DIGITAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION> Bilge Kose

Zihao Zhang

Elaf Alsibyani, Kemuning Adiputri, Daoxi Chen, Megan Vonden Steinen, Jerry Schmit

Historic Preservation

394

Columbia GSAPP

<THESES>

Andrés Álvares-Dàvila

Preme Chaiyatham

Modern Technology and James Martson Fitch’s Turn to Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Advisor

And There Was Light: The Use of Projection Mapping for Historic Preservation Amanda Trienens, Advisor

James Martson Fitch in 1947 from Sawin, Martica, ed. Selected Writings on Architecture, Preservation and the Built Environment. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2006.

Underlying much of James Martson Fitch’s body of work as a critic, historian, preservation activist and teacher is the assumption that the vastly expanded productive capacities of an industrialized economy were also accompanied by the structural tendency to degrade material culture by removing the social, economic, and environmental constraints operating in earlier modes of production.

This thesis sought to trace how Fitch’s anxieties about modern technology led him from within the discourse of modernist architecture — from calls for the reform of industrialism and functionalist readings of the vernacular — to preservation and how these anxieties were channeled in the shifting cultural aims he envisioned preservation to serve. For Fitch preservation offered a set of practicable solutions to disparate cultural ills whose ultimate cause he, perhaps symptomatically, attributed to the unintended consequences of modern technologies: preservation was,For Fitch, variously, the precondition for the reform of modernist design, an artificial means of reviving pre industrial craft traditions, a corrective to the effects of mechanized mass production on public taste, an incremental, participatory approach to urban development, and, lastly, part of shifting cultural attitudes towards what technology is — and what its role should be — in shaping the built environment. In the end, the curatorial approach to the built environment concretized in Historic Preservation is a symptom of both the anxieties about modern, industrial technology that form the genesis of Fitch’s shifting and polyvalent preservation project and of the discourse and practice of preservation when it was codified in the first decade of the Historic Preservation Act of 1966.▄

Original faux masonry painting digitally restored using projection mapping. Photo by Preme Chaiyatham.

Projection mapping is a technology that allows us to visually create the environment without physically altering it. Although it has been widely employed in the entertainment sector, its use in the field of cultural heritage preservation has been limited. With no physical contact and complete reversibility, this technology should be more widely used in the preservation field.

Despite a few precedent cases, it was confined to large institutions. As the technology has become increasingly accessible, it allows small and underfunded institutions, such as house museums, to employ it. Physical restoration can be expensive, or sometimes impossible, and beyond the means of smaller institutions. As an interpretative tool, it enables these places to present their various histories, attract visitors, and provide interpretation in an innovative way. Its non-destructive and reversible manner distinguishes it from physical interpretation, which may require the removal or additions of materials. This allows us to temporarily and visually change the space into different time periods without requiring physical intervention allowing the space to remain in its current condition as a living document. Projection mapping has enormous potential but it is a little known technology. To begin promoting projection mapping, variables will need to be considered such as cost, size, calibration, and space limitations.

The challenge of how to incorporate new technology without disrupting the historical environment as well as its implementation and maintenance need to be considered. These are issues that must be acknowledged before we can fully include this technology into our toolkit.

This thesis attempts to establish a guideline to begin the use of this technology that is beneficial to the pres-

ervation of cultural assets and can be extensively adopted. It involves literature research, case study analysis, experiments and evaluation. This guideline attempts to clarify the processes of incorporating it into our interpretative toolboxes and advancing the discipline of preservation.▚

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395

Jonathan Clemente

Christine Hotz

Leaf-Induced Damage to Finishes for Outdoor Bronze Sculpture Richard Pieper, Advisor

Preserving Places of Hip-Hop in the Bronx, 1973-1983 Andrew Dolkart, Advisor

Bronze Pulitzer Family statue at Woodlawn Cemetery in Bronx, NY. Photo by Jonathan Clemente.

In wooded locations, leaf accumulation on bronze sculpture is not uncommon. Leaves are very complex natural materials, with variable chemical compositions. When they sit on bronze surfaces for prolonged periods of time, they may retain moisture, decompose, release organic compounds, and encourage localized microbiological growth. In order to study the relationship between leaves and the finishes commonly used on outdoor bronze, 16 coupons (of an alloy similar to those that were used historically for outdoor sculpture) were patinated with Birchwood Casey M-38 Antique Brown solution. Four of these coupons were left uncoated with a patina (patina-only), another four were treated with a microcrystalline wax coating (patina/wax), four more were given an acrylic clear coating (patina/lacquer), and four received a combination of acrylic and wax coatings (patina/lacquer/wax). Each coupon was partially immersed in either a leaf paste prepared from three different types of leaves or rainwater for several weeks. After only two days, patina-only coupons within leaf pastes showed significant loss of patina. The coated coupons within the leaf paste also showed signs of failure and patina loss after several weeks. More research into the cause of this deterioration and the specific compounds affecting the coatings is needed. These tests merely confirm that leaves can cause an effect that is more pronounced than the effect of rainwater alone.▋

DJ KaySlay in Bronx Playground, 1982. Photo by Henry Chalfant.

Hip-hop’s history is tied to the Bronx during a time when the bough faced extreme challenges. This thesis examines the preservation of sites of early hip-hop and its associated physical spaces and sites in the Bronx from 1973 to 1983. This thesis will identify the significant locations and urban conditions that contributed to the creation of this piece of American culture and New York’s identity, analyze the commonalities that these locations share, and ultimately explore the challenges and possible solutions for preserving the sites of early hip-hop.

This body of research is focused on the decade of hip-hop development during which the music went from being known as a version of Disco the children, teens and young adults were creating to being named “hip-hop” and becoming a global phenomenon. During this period, hip-hop was solidified into four elements, each of which depended on occupying publicly accessible space: DJing, MCing, Breakdancing and Graffiti.

Because a large majority of Bronx residents lacked ownership of property, the young hip-hop community utilized parks, community rooms, abandoned buildings, streets, and public transportation for hosting parties or painting on public services. Indeed, they were responding to their disadvantaged situation by using hip-hop as a means to claim space.

Hip-hop’s spatial relationship presents an interesting challenge for the field of preservation. Most of the spaces that were used are seemingly unspectacular. Artists used parks, community rooms, and school gymnasiums – amenities that are found in every residential neighborhood of NYC. There was nothing architecturally significant about these spaces, and common forms of memorialization and preservation lack the ability to represent this subculture heritage in a

way that benefits and speaks meaningfully to the community. Yet, this was a culture that has an intrinsic relationship to the spaces in which it formed – one that can still be seen today.

The final section of this thesis analyzes the issues of preserving the early spaces of hip-hop culture within the Bronx. This thesis follows a historic context-based research approach in which a significant history was identified and then researched to understand its relationship with space. This is not the approach policy-based preservation takes in NYC. Additionally, this thesis discusses the way hip-hop culture has already been preserved within the borough through different programs and events unrelated to formal, top-down preservation practices. However, preservation as a professional practice has the power of lasting representation and should consider its role in representing histories and cultures like hip-hop.▚

Historic Preservation

396

Columbia GSAPP

<THESES>

Jesse Kling

Steph LeBlanc

Lindsay Papke

Solid Brick Homes: The Continuing Row House Tradition of Postwar Brooklyn and Queens Andrew Dolkart, Advisor

Landmark Designation in Major League Baseball and the Continued Efforts to Preserve America’s Pastime Paul Bentel, Advisor

Interrogating the Olfactory Landscape: Means and Methods for Analyzing Changing Smellscapes as a Character-Defining Feature of Place Erica Avrami, Advisor

New row houses along Avenue L in Canarsie, Brooklyn, 1957 from Brian Merlis and Lee A. Rosenzweig, In Brooklyn's Last Village: Canarsie on Jamaica Bay (2008).

This thesis extends the historical investigation of the New York row house past the Second World War — contextualizing and analyzing its development within concurrent planning and zoning initiatives, outer neighborhood development in Brooklyn and Queens, mid- to late-twentieth century residential architecture, and neighborhood social history. A typical form of New York’s residential architecture since the city’s early history, the speculative row house is a well-studied preservation subject up through the early twentieth century, and recent scholars have further extended the Brooklyn row house’s history into the 1930s. The built fabric of numerous neighborhoods in Queens and Brooklyn — including Kew Gardens Hills, Canarsie, and Flatlands — indicates that row house development not only persisted past the Second World War, but remained a widespread architectural form in the city in the postwar era. Enabled by the availability of cheap, still-vacant land within New York’s city limits, the postwar row houses of Brooklyn and Queens are simultaneously products of the auto-oriented growth of mid-century America and the particular tradition of speculative residential development in NYC. As they exist today, these houses tell the stories of architects’ and developers’ responses to postwar suburbanization and of the neighborhoods they transformed.▛

This thesis identifies two case studies that provide context to an examination of the preservation and continued use of active MLB facilities. It establishes the varying levels of intervention and valuation within the field of preservation at each ballpark and intertwines the need for intentional stewardship to work alongside designation and regulation as effective tools for preservation. It illustrates the similarities between the two historic MLB case studies and the typologies that sought to emulate them. This comparison serves to suggest questions about the future of urban ballparks as they approach preservation and possible designation in the future. It also establishes context for the motivation behind the rehabilitations of Fenway Park and Wrigley Field that accelerated the involvement of historic preservation interventions at each ballpark.

Ultimately, the intention of use and the intention of design go hand in hand to determine the longevity of ballpark stadium life. The constant pressure for modification to remain competitive with newer stadium amenities influences the nature of these preservation projects. The approach cannot be to fix these places in time, but rather to identify the key elements that should not be altered and allow others to change.

Intentional stewardship and regulation must work together to determine the best practices at each individual site. In order to achieve this, negotiation and flexibility have been key to the success of these preservation efforts, and will continue to be necessary in future years.▲

Olfactory changes within the landscape of southern East Harlem are mapped according to three different approaches (ecological change and land development, land use and land use policy, health and health policy). Graphic by Lindsay Papke.

The work of preservation should not be reduced to an object’s physical existence within a landscape. Rather, the scope of the cultural heritage field provides practitioners with the opportunity to understand the evolving relationships between people and place. Ultimately, the reason why a place or object is deemed significant or not relies on the ways in which people have interacted with it and thereby ascribe that entity with value.

Defining the concept of cultural heritage in this way requires preservationists to develop methods of inquiry that interrogate why and how these social-spatial relationships occur and evolve, which requires research that moves beyond the scope of visual knowledge. This thesis offers means of research that will inform methodologies rooted in the interrogation of social-spatial relationships from an academically underserved dimension of place — the sense of smell. By identifying and testing approaches to interrogate the olfactory landscape within a case study of East Harlem, this thesis grounds itself in the assumption that smell matters while recognizing that current preservation policy favors the visual. This visual bias undermines the potential outcomes preservation policy possesses highlighting the need for different methods of inquiry that decenter the visual as a primary means of engagement with cultural heritage. Through this decentering, the olfactive and visual characteristics of place augment one another, with the capacity to lend insight into why environments may have developed in a certain fashion over time. This current research demonstrates that approaching a site from olfactory methods of inquiry highlights forms of place-based significance defined

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Valerie Smith

Meghan Vonden Steinen

The Small House Movement of the 1920s: Preserving Small “Better” Houses Andrew Dolkart, Advisor

Effects of Fire-Related Heat Damage on Interior Architectural Paint Finishes Mary A. Jablonski, Advisor

In Santa Barbara, California, the Community Arts Association used architect Angus McDonald McSweeney’s small house plan to design a model house (top). The house is extant but has been altered (bottom). Images from Small House Designs, California Southland and Google Maps.

by eras of change in which smellscapes transformed in response to multiple publics. In a field fixated on determining sites of significance, methods of olfactory interrogation inform this practice and help preservation professionals understand the complexity of social-spatial interactions. Olfactory research may be well-positioned to act as a bridge between multiple cultural heritage practices and spatial environments to effectively trouble the binary of “tangible” and “intangible” heritage by centering social histories rather than the object as heritage.▟

This thesis examines origins and contributors and identifies and analyzes the houses built as a result. The movement began in 1919 when the American Institute of Architects (AIA) founded the Architects’ Small House Service Bureau. The non-profit offered a plan service, which allowed prospective homeowners to buy small house blueprints through the mail. The standards they set for small houses were highly influential and led to many other architect plan services springing up in the 1920s. A national program called Better Homes in America used small house design to promote social reform and the beautification of suburbs. They not only partnered with the Architects’ Small House Service Bureau but formed their own robust research and educational programs including an annual model house demonstration in cities all over the country.

In order to examine the built assets from the Small House Movement, model houses from the Better Homes in America program were researched. Extant assets were analyzed to determine the possible significance of small 1920s houses and bring attention to an underrepresented typology in the field of historic preservation. Through the research, 1920s house trends and key historical information was identified that will be useful to historians and preservationists researching that decade. A case study of Santa Barbara was conducted to identify extant model houses from the Better Homes in America to provide historians and preservationists with resources and processes for researching Small House Movement assets from the 1920s.◓

Photomicrographs of fire-damaged sample LTM-004 taken from The Lower East Side Tenement House Museum and sample HTS-023 from The Lower East Side Tenement House Museum that was heat-tested at 250°C in cross-section at 20x magnification.

Research has been conducted on architectural elements damaged by fire (such as wood framing and masonry), and on fire damage to works of art, but few published works focus on interior finishes. It is not precisely known how heat from fire affects architectural finishes, more specifically historic paint. This thesis examines interior architectural paint finish samples that were taken from historic structures in the NYC area with a documented history of fires. Examination of the samples was performed using cross-sectional analysis to better understand how heat and fire-related heat have affected these samples. Further research was undertaken by analyzing additional samples of historic interior paint and subjecting them to varying temperatures, to observe how controlled high temperatures alter these finishes. The laboratory-tested samples were mounted and examined in cross-section to understand what happens to both oil-based and distemper paints as they are subjected to heat, and to compare them to the finishes sampled at fire-damaged properties.◆

398

Historic Preservation

Columbia GSAPP

<THESES>

Jianing Wei

Ziming Wang

East Meets West in Cheeloo University: A Hybrid Architecture in China and its Preservation Francoise Bollack, Advisor

Living Above the Street: Flood Retrofitting and Adaptive Streetscape of NYC’s Historic Districts Erica Avrami, Advisor

Diagram by Jianing Wei.

Flood Retrofitting Design Study on Front Street, South Street Seaport Historic District. Diagram by Ziming Wang.

Flooding and sea level rise are threatening the integrity of NYC’s historic waterfront built environment.

Responding to flood risk, NYC’s Post-Sandy flood policy framework (Building and Zoning Codes) requires the gradual elevation of all habitable spaces of structures within the 1% floodplain to above the DFE (Design Flood Elevation), which has in turn caused various uncontrolled streetscape changes in the city’s waterfront neighborhoods. While historic preservation considerations have been to a considerable extent left out of the city’s flood adaptation policy framework, the streetscape of waterfront historic districts are at high stake under both flood risk and potential adaptation intervention. Aiming at the policy design nexus of the flood adaptation of historic streetscapes in NYC, this thesis reviewed key flood retrofitting design guidelines, regulations, and built cases in recent years across the U.S., and explored a “streetscape-sensitive flood retrofitting toolbox” on single building and street/neighborhood scale that addresses streetscape mitigation and historic preservation considerations for the flood adaptation of historic properties. Based on an analysis of historic streetscape’s significance and tradeoffs between the multiple, conflicting values involved in its flood adaptation, under the concept of “Adaptive Streetscape,” the author established a set of semi-quantitative metrics that evaluates the quality of historic streetscape and its change under flood adaptation, characterized NYC’s flood-threatened historic neighborhoods, and applied the retrofitting toolbox on NYC’s historic built environment through two street-scaled design studies in South Street Seaport and East Harlem historic districts.

Summarizing findings that emerged throughout the research process, the author advocated for a paradigm shift of the preservation enterprise towards adaptation through incremental policy reform, put forward the planning design review process and

recommended practices in the flood adaptation of historic streetscapes, and put forth policy reform and policy-making agendas with key Federal/local institutional actors identified.◘

In the first half of the 20th century, missionaries were active in building universities and hospitals for preaching in China in addition to churches. Having the largest group heritage of mission universities in China, Cheeloo University existed from 1902 to 1952. Its historic campus is where East and West met and formed hybridity throughout every aspect of it. The hybridity of Cheeloo’s physical campus is the witness and now the most powerful and representative heritage of the bilateral cultures on this site. Therefore, it should be primarily preserved.

This research first analyses the hybridity of Cheeloo’s campus: the siting of the campus is an American tradition influenced by the unsteady Chinese environment; the campus planning is in totally American style without Chinese characteristics; but there is an almost chronological style change in Cheeloo’s building design from totally Chinese, different levels of hybridity to totally Western style, which were contributed by a variety of Western architects from 1905 to 1935.

Based on the analysis on the hybridity in Cheeloo’s campus, the insufficiency of the preservation work starting from the designation in 2013 is listed: the siting of Cheeloo on both sides of the city wall is not claimed on the site; the current relations between the two campuses are not strong enough; no actions have been taken to claim the importance of the demolished structures; the implementation of the preservation has weakened the hybridity in building design. Then recommendations for the future preservation work in Cheeloo are given in response to the insufficiency, such as reconstructing part of the city wall, road signs connecting the two campuses and the restoration of the architectural hybridity as the old photos.◖

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Luxi Yang

A Critical Analysis of the Yin Yu Tang Project and the Preservation of Huizhou-style Vernacular Dwellings in China Theodore Prudon, Advisor

Yin Yu Tang and an abandoned Huizhou-style vernacular dwelling.

Yin Yu Tang is the only example of re-erecting a major proportion of a traditional Chinese building outside China. The popularity of mounting such an exhibition abroad and its uniqueness make the Project a well-discussed topic in China. Also, the relocation of Yin Yu Tang in the U.S. provides a new way for the Chinese public to look at vernacular dwellings. However, as interesting as it is, there is no official introduction of the Project in China, and the public could only learn about it from other sources. The perspectives of these articles have alternated with changes in preservation awareness and the social contexts within China, which has in turn led to misinterpretations and rumors about the Project and the preservation field, eventually affecting the Chinese public’s understandings of preservation and its actions.

This research examines a critical analysis of the context and influence of the Yin Yu Tang project from social, political and cultural perspectives. Meanwhile, the paper means to re-organize the development of historic vernacular dwellings’ preservation in China and to locate the position and role of the Yin Yu Tang project in the entire process. The societal changes in China impact the public understanding of a preservation project. From there, it is possible to cast a light on how preservation practices are beyond the national boundary and reveal the importance for preservationists to take back the dominant voice of promoting their projects and the public’s education.◤

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Historic Pr

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Historic Preservation

Building Conditions Assessment course led

by Kyle Normandin at the Glass House in New Canaan

Digital Heritage Documentation course led

by Bilge Kose at the Shabazz Center

Columbia GSAPP

Building Conditions Assessment course led

by Kyle Normandin at the Lincoln Center

Investigative Techniques course led

by Amanda Thomas Trienens

Fall 2021 & S

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Joint architecture and historic preservation studio “Enacting our Environmental Entanglements: Innovation-Renovation at the Columbia Climate School’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory” led by Jorge Otero-Pailos and Mark Rakatansky

Investigative Techniques course led

by Amanda Thomas Trienens

Conservation of Architectural Finishes course led by Mary Jablonski at the Morgan Library

Spring 2022

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Real Estate Development

Columbia GSAPP

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M.S. Real Estate Development Patrice Derrington, Program Director The Master of Science in Real Estate Development program (MSRED) is a threesemester degree that combines the fundamental skills of professional real estate with a holistic approach to urban development as a creative act.

The program is cross-disciplinary, drawing on its proximity to other modes of practice at the school, and is grounded in the three core tenets of global real estate: social equity and justice; investment and finance; and the aesthetics and environmental sustainability of the physical form.

It attracts future creative real estate professionals looking for an alternative to an MBA and committed architects hoping to run their own design/build firm. The program’s strength lies in its ability to weave current knowledge and best practices from the industry together with rigorous theoretical learning, incisive critical analysis, and immersive real-world case studies.

In recent years, the program has greatly expanded its emphasis on environmental sustainability and issues of social equity and community engagement; and real estate investment and portfolio management have been strengthened in terms of rigorous analysis and an incisive understanding of real estate markets. An intensive exploration of the intersection of real estate with the detailed architectural design of the built environment is made in a studio course that bridges the economic and architectural resolutions of a potential development site. New ventures in technology and its application to the built environment are investigated and competency is gained in the use of most data collection tools.

The curriculum builds its foundational knowledge incrementally over the three terms: the first semester is dedicated to developing solid, core competencies and the majority of classes are obligatory; the second semester offers the opportunity to expand an understanding of the landscape of the real estate industry and incorporate specific areas of interest; and in the third semester, the focus is on the synthesis of multiple dimensions of real estate activities in numerous case studies, establishing an ethical framework for practice, and the final demonstration of creativity, knowledge and professionalism in a comprehensive development and investment project.

For the exciting Capstone project, students create their own personalized Deal Book (with all the relevant site and market analysis, schematic

design proposals, feasibility evaluations, development schedule, alternative capital stack structures and an ESG assessment), as well as deliver a "pitch" and defend their project to an audience of peers, alumni, and industry leaders.

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Real Estate Development

<PROPTECH: NOTHING VENTURED, NOTHING GAINED> [Fall 2021] Zachary Aarons This course explored how technology venture capitalists analyze potential investments in the PropTech ecosystem. Tracing the history of PropTech development from the rise of the first Enterprise Resource Planning programs in the 1970s to the explosive wave of industry technology today, the course analyzed the success and failures of various companies. Students learned about the myriad of companies currently raising venture capital and how PropTech focused venture funds attempt to spot trends. The course provided information on how venture capitalists source, evaluate, conduct due diligence, and ultimately invest in companies within the PropTech landscape. <THE DEALMAKING PROCESS: DEBT, EQUITY, AND THE ART OF NEGOTIATION> [Summer 2021] Mitchell Adelstein This elective offered practical methods and techniques used by investors, lenders, and equity investors including how to underwrite value-add opportunistic incomeproducing real estate; finance positions in real estate using various debt facilities and/or equity vehicles; and understand the transaction process through group participation in a mock transaction case study. <CAPITAL MARKETS: DEBT> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Ed Adler This course covered various CRE debt instruments and financing techniques: balance sheet direct lending; syndications; bridge and mezzanine structures; and the process of underwriting for CMBS, warehouse, and Repo financing. In parallel with Capital Markets: Equity Transactions, the class provided students with an understanding of the lender’s point of view regarding the application and use of various capitalmarket-based debt products to finance commercial real estate. <GLOBAL REAL ESTATE INVESTING> [Fall 2021] Shawn Amsler This course explored the relative opportunities presented for investors considering investment in leading cities around the world. It focused on investment themes, risks, opportunities, and real-life case studies. The case studies encompassed the global investment strategy of GreenOak Real Estate and included office visits and site tours of NYC investments. Through these case studies and experiences, the class concentrated on strategy, financial analysis, and “making the case” for investing. <PREDEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENT> [Fall 2021] Kate Ascher, Cecily King <DEVELOPMENT PROCESS LABS> [Fall 2021] Adam Lubinsky, Ian Nicholson, Marisa Rodriguez, Meghan Taylor-Steshyn This course introduced students to the development process, putting them in the shoes of a real estate developer and guiding them through the iterative phases and decisions required for due diligence, acquisition, design, construction, and financing. Students selected a specific development site for the duration of the course, and, by applying a new phase of the development process each week, built an investment strategy for their site resulting in a development proposal as a final course deliverable. <DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS: URBAN PLANNING> [Summer 2021] Kate Ascher, Adam Meagher Understanding the fundamental urban planning issues, opportunities, and risks associated with a given project is critical to successful real estate development.

These include a range of government regulations, powers and incentives, including those associated with land use, zoning, sustainability, building safety, historic preservation and the environment. They also include broader issues associated with gentrification, public space and community participation. <NEW YORK RISING: HOW REAL ESTATE SHAPES A CITY> [Fall 2021] Kate Ascher, Thomas Mellins The class focused primarily on the physical evolution of Manhattan from the origins of its street grid in the Plan of 1811 through the evolution of its commercial districts, unique building typologies, and transportation

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405 infrastructure. It furthermore considered where the borough is going today—the transition of neighborhoods downtown from commercial to residential, the introduction of new neighborhoods on the far west side, the revitalization of waterfronts, the adaptive reuse of industrial buildings, and the focus on new forms of transit-oriented development and affordable housing.

<CONSTRUCTION PROCUREMENT PROCESSES> [Spring 2022] Philip Avello Construction procurement is an essential component in building both large and small structures and keeping those structures effectively running. This course addressed the procurement process, its methods, and important contract and administration concepts. The areas covered included contract changes, delays and resulting claims, insurance, bonds, union and non-union labor, MWBEs, risk management, and dispute resolution methods. Real-world examples were utilized in conjunction with theoretical concepts to facilitate greater learning. <VALUE OF DESIGN> [Spring 2022] Forth Bagley, Jamie von Klemperer This course presented an understanding of the importance of design in optimizing the financial objectives of the developer. It investigated case studies of significant development projects by the renowned architectural firm KPF, the design process, and the timing of critical and collaborative decision-making. Students were challenged to formulate the value proposition of design alternatives and estimate the financial consequences of design decisions. <REAL ESTATE FINANCE II> [Fall 2021] John Bazzano This course explored financial aspects of the development and construction phase including: quick Back-of-the-Envelope analysis, calculating Residual Land Value, evaluating Highest & Best Use, establishing capital sources and uses for the project, formulating the construction loan, draws and repayment, valuation of the completed project, and determination of optimal development returns. These tools and methods were applied to example development situations and case studies including land sub-division, ground-up development, gut-rehab projects, and value-add redevelopment. <REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS LAW> [Spring 2022] Nathalia Bernardo, Robert Wertheimer This course focused on how real estate transactions proceed from deal-making to closure. Taught within the context of real estate and contract law, this course surveyed a variety of instruments and provisions that are both standardized and the subject of negotiation. The format of the course followed the timeline of a series of exemplar transactions as manifested in a variety of instruments including land and building purchase and sale agreements, equipment contracts and leases, mortgages and UCC-1 security agreements, loan agreements, partnership agreements, and development agreements. <ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN BUYING REAL ESTATE ASSETS> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Masood Bhatti This course provided an additional, specialized focus for entrepreneurial students who wish to pursue a career in buying value add real estate assets. Value add is defined whereby generally there is no foundation/ground-up work involved, but the asset needs to be repositioned or upgraded. By walking students through the process of underwriting a small transaction, structuring the capital and incentives, and putting together their pitch, this course prepared students to actively look for properties and reach out to lenders and equity investors with their proposals in pursuit of entrepreneurial ventures. <ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY FOR REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT> [Summer 2021] Stuart Brodsky By acknowledging society’s environmental priorities and real estate’s financial prerequisites, this course taught students to adopt a critical and value-enhancing approach to the use of the tools and strategies the industry is deploying to

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Real Estate Development transform real estate markets to sustainability. Through this course, students distinguished between the tangible and intangible benefits—from financial and environmental perspectives—of green buildings. They learned how the widely adopted global and regional approaches to building green are evolving, and how a nextgeneration of innovative practices are advancing sustainability in real estate in the U.S. and around the world.

<COMPARATIVE GLOBAL REAL ESTATE> [Fall 2021] Rasheed Chahal This course provided students with a comparative and critical approach to undertaking international real estate development projects, transactions, and investments. It cultivated a general understanding of the dynamics of real estate investments internationally as a foundation for the specific analysis of real estate activities within selected countries. The comparative analysis looked at several key global cities and discussed the challenges and opportunities pertaining to cross-border real estate development and investment including the macro-economy and demographics, financial markets, currency concerns, taxation, legal issues, land use policy, political activity, regulations and statutory requirements, and cross-cultural negotiations. <DESIGN BY DEVELOPMENT> [Fall 2021] Eran Chen Urban development projects require a complex design resolution of numerous, often-competing objectives ranging from responding positively to the neighborhood context, incorporating the attributes desired by the intended occupants, achieving high aesthetic quality, and clearing investment return hurdles. This course explored the design/development dynamic in order to understand the complexity of competing objectives, interrogate the typical processes of resolution, examine various projects as outcomes, and contemplate potential modifications and improvements. <PRACTICUM: PLANNING THE CULTURAL SPACE> [Spring 2022] Vin Cipolla, Peter Flamm Drawing on the experience of planners, architects, and cultural producers, this practicum provided students with a broad perspective of the trends and issues in planning for cultural spaces and the operation of cultural organizations and facilities, including performing arts centers (PACs), museums, libraries, and public spaces. <REAL ESTATE ENTREPRENEURIALISM FOR ARCHITECTS, BUILDERS, DEVELOPERS, BUYERS & SELLERS> [Fall 2021] Sean Cohane In this course, students built their own Real Estate Acquisition Company while learning how to substantiate business models through systematized experiments. The course laid out the risks and rewards of the varied real estate product types while substantiating a market area to work from. Students then proceeded through the different steps in establishing a development thesis, creating a business entity, branding, and owning a market. Students also analyzed the history of real estate entrepreneurship while engaging the marketplace, creating relationships with owners as well as debt and equity participants. <TAX ISSUES IN ACQUISITIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS> [Spring 2022] Dan Crowley Tax has a significant impact on cash flow and the rate of return from real estate investments. This course provided an overview of the relevant income tax rules applicable to real estate. It introduced planning techniques commonly used by individuals and business entities to minimize tax on real estate projects. Students evaluated how strategy, asset type, and choice of investment vehicle can change after-tax results. Topics covered included variability in tax for different investors, projects and chosen investment vehicles, the effect of adopting and changing methods of accounting, the impact of depreciation and interest expense on rate of return, how choice of entity impacts tax liability, special provisions for sales of real estate (e.g. like-kind exchanges, installment sales, and disguised sales), and tax policy.

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<CAPSTONE: DEVELOPMENT CASE STUDIES> [Spring 2022] Patrice Derrington, Brian Loughlin [Summer 2021] Patrice Derrington, Brian Loughlin, Paul Weech, Ernst Valery, Andy Golubitsky, Gabe Randall, Sean Cohane This course utilized selected real estate development and investment case studies in conjunction with guest presentations by external real estate developers and investors within the industry. The cases reached across an array of product types, situational decision-making, and business styles. In reviewing these cases, determining alternative actions, and debating the decisions made, students honed their decision-making and management skills while working in a team-based process involving all aspects of the real estate business. Each student then formulated an individual development or investment proposal as a Deal Book and verbal "pitch" to an audience of industry professionals. <JOINT ARCH/MSRED STUDIO: THE BRIDGE> [Spring 2022] Patrice Derrington, Christoph a. Kumpusch The future creation of the built environment will be non-binary, with architectural design interwoven with the determination of economics. This casts aside the traditional conflict between architects and developers and between design objectives and financial ambitions. It enables the dynamic of design driving development decisions and the economic imperative of social equity to coalesce in a better-built environment. The project—an urban project located in NYC—was also offered as an MSRED Capstone project, enabling extensive work by the students within both courses while taking into account the different emphasis of each. <FINANCIAL MODELING CASE STUDIES> [Spring 2022] Johnny Din This course honed students' technical modeling skills in MS Excel. Through intensive hands-on training in financial modeling and analysis, this program prepared students for future careers in real estate private equity, development companies, investment and commercial banking, and research firms. Students built complex financial models from scratch, including DCF Proforma across various capital structure scenarios such as equity partnership waterfalls, preferred equity, acquisition debt, construction debt, and mezzanine debt. <HOTEL DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT ANALYSIS> [Fall 2021] Adam Feil This course covered the complete financial cycle of hotel investment analysis including development, lending, operations, investment analysis, renovation decisions, and acquisition or disposition. Real estate valuation principles and procedures were explored with emphasis on the replacement cost, sales comparison, and income capitalization approaches. The class additionally addressed the role and function of the asset manager with emphasis on investment underwriting, operations analysis, portfolio management, strategic investment analysis, market strategy, management contracts, franchises, and involvement with the property management team. <HOTEL TRANSACTIONS> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Todd Fieldston, Rick Kirkbride This course integrated market and transactional perspectives in advancing a practical understanding of the global hospitality industry. At the heart of the industry is a unique accounting and transactional process that requires specialized training in the management agreements, operating agreements, design (FFE) and development agreements, and flag agreements that define not just real estate development but day-to-day operations. Students were exposed to a variety of special topics ranging from boutique hotels to distressed repositioning of legacy assets. <INTRODUCTION TO CAPITAL MARKETS> [Summer 2021] Merrie Frankel This survey of real estate capital markets touched on all facets of public and private capital providers, as well as investors, with a particular focus on commercial real estate in the public markets, the recent history of securitized real estate debt and equity, and other deal formats.

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<PROPTECH: THE REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS> [Spring 2022] Kurt Franz This course helped students develop and apply analytical skills useful in the management of the real estate development process. These skills included critical thinking, process definition and breakdown, statistical analysis, predictive analytics, optimization, and potential simulation. These skills were applied to the conception of apps that contribute to increased rigor and efficiency in the real estate development process. <AFFORDABLE HOUSING FINANCE TECHNIQUES> [Fall 2021] Richard Froehlich This course presented a detailed review of the techniques for financing affordable housing. In combination with the focus on financing techniques, the course also looked at the development issues associated with this complex area and the policy focus of government programs including incentives, public-private partnerships, the use of tax-exempt bonds, and the securitization of debt. It considered the role of the public sector in regulating and creating incentives for the development and financing of housing from the establishment and regulation of the capital markets, to the creation of tax incentives and specialized treatment for real estate enterprises, and to the offering of particular subsidies for the development of affordable housing. <IN THE FIELD> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Robert Garneau The course gave an introduction to development through individual exposure to prominent local real estate professionals—including the developer, architect, financier, contractor, and broker—to provide a better understanding of the multifaceted field of real estate development. Course topics included partnership, acquisition, zoning, financing, designing, construction, selling, and other challenges of building developments. <PRIVATE EQUITY DEVELOPMENT: HOTELS> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Rani Gharbie This course discussed the rapidly evolving real estate investment and development industry and addressed various approaches with capital markets. The course primarily covered major facets of creating a private equity development business while focusing on the hospitality industry. It also discussed the rise of independent lifestyle hotels, the shifting development strategies of large lodging players, and the growing movement around the next generation of travelers. It also focused on key industry disruptors triggered by the rise of technology and the shared economy—Airbnb, Online Travel Agency’s (Hotel Tonight, Hipmunk), and others. <ADVANCED COMMERCIAL LEASING: STRATEGIES AND NEGOTIATIONS> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Marty Gold, Mitchell Nelson This course, taught by two veteran attorneys, investigated the ins and outs of space leasing including topics like brokerage agreements, the role lenders play, work letters, how good guy guarantees work, roof and basement rights, green lease provisions, and, of course, options and space improvement alternatives. It also shed light on issues like gross-up clauses, casualties, defaults and remedies, constructive eviction, subletting, termination, holding over, and surrender. The key to making real estate valuable is its cash flow—leasing space wisely is the best foundation. <ADVANCED BUILDING ADAPTATION AND REUSE> [Spring 2022] Andy Golubitsky, Gabe Randall Building on the first part of the course, Building Adaptation and Reuse Part 1, students applied the attained design and development lessons to a potential adaptive reuse site. In groups consisting of architecture, historic preservation, and real estate development candidates, the students analyzed an adaptive reuse opportunity, focusing on land use and zoning regulations, taxation incentives, and social and economic drivers that could impact project feasibility. Students assessed the physical due diligence and constraints associated with redevelopment

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409 and the acquisition and financing process. Over the semester, they developed the financial analysis, entitlement strategy, building design, marketing plan, and methods of construction, culminating in a final project presentation to a multidisciplinary panel of guest critics.

<BUILDING ADAPTATION AND REUSE> [Fall 2021] Andy Golubitsky, Gabe Randall This course introduced students to the design and development issues in the redevelopment and repositioning of existing buildings. Students learned the significant land use and zoning regulations, taxation incentives, and social and economic drivers that have contributed to the current increase in urban redevelopment. Furthermore, the class covered the physical due diligence and constraints associated with redevelopment and the acquisition and financing process. Considering the projects of the guest speakers and several case studies, the course offered a detailed approach to the adaptation and reuse of buildings in the urban context with the objective of exposing the students to the technical challenges and opportunities that one would encounter when executing a redevelopment project. <PROPERTY TECHNOLOGY SEMINAR> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Brian Groudan Property Technology Seminar served as an ongoing dialogue about the location-based technologies that shape reality—built, virtual, and everything in between. Students incubated their ideas for a proptech application of the future and investigated both the beginnings of proptech—software systems that intervened in traditional mechanisms for buying and selling real estate—as well as proptech’s relevance in a post-pandemic society. The seminar concluded with Demo Day, an exhibition that explored how to design an experience with property that is inclusive and accessible. <CONSTRUCTION LAW: NEGOTIATION AND MANAGEMENT> [Fall 2021] Lisa K. Howlett This class surveyed construction law to establish a practical understanding of legal issues that arise in construction. Using standard industry forms such as owner-architect, owner-contractor, and contractor-subcontractor, students developed the knowledge and skills necessary to successfully navigate the relationships governed by these agreements. Key principles including fees, project delivery, completion, defects, delays, warranties, and liens were explored. <REAL ESTATE FINANCIAL MODELING TUTORIAL II> [Fall 2021] Patrick Hutson In parallel with the lectures, students attended a Real Estate Finance Tutorial to develop their facility with Excel and also strengthen their understanding and utilization of the analytical processes learned in the lectures. <ALTERNATIVE AND DISTRESSED INVESTMENT STRATEGIES> [Spring 2022] Patrick Hutson, Donald Sheets This course introduced students to the basic framework of commercial real estate investment through the lens of distressed and distorted assets and markets. Basic elements of bankruptcy procedure and valuation were discussed, along with a specific concentration on those issues most pertinent to workout situations. The course also addressed common characteristics and factors that lead to distress. Students were exposed to cases and experts that bring forth legal, valuation, strategic, and other key considerations typical in commercial workouts—with maximum recovery from a lender, borrower, and joint-venture partner perspective. <REAL ESTATE IN THE SHARING ECONOMY: CO-WORKING/CO-HOUSING/"CO-EVERYTHING"> [Summer 2021] Josh Kahr This class explored the rise of the sharing economy and how it has affected the commercial real estate industry. Over the last decade, the sharing economy has started the long-term transformation of relatively moribund product types into something new. This transformation has been extended to all product types albeit

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Real Estate Development some more than others and with varying amounts of penetration and success.

Valuation of the underlying real estate and to what extent the "co-everything" model creates additional value was examined and valued. Traditional lease structures and the lack thereof in most shared real estate were examined.

Alternative methods to assess the credit quality and the long-term tenancy of tenants were discussed.

<ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT CASE STUDIES> [Spring 2022] Cecily King This course used case studies as the framework for learning to critique development opportunities. Students were placed in the role of developer and asked to make critical investment decisions about the real estate opportunities presented to them. What would they bid for this site? What is the value-add approach to this opportunity? How do they compare these two sites and determine the better investment? What is their investment strategy for this development? All questions aided in learning to build a development pipeline as a real estate entrepreneur.

Case studies allowed students to explore a variety of development approaches including new construction, value-add, rehab, and adaptive reuse. <EQUITABLE DEVELOPMENT> [Spring 2022] Cecily King This course investigated real estate in cities and communities with challenging economics and where the cost to build and the demand for rent do not align. It explored secondary cities around the U.S. and even some of the country’s biggest post-industrial cities like Detroit and Pittsburgh. These cities and their communities served as a venue for exploring the economic development tools that make real estate work. The course also explored the role of real estate as an essential revitalization tool, specifically considering how it can be consciously and strategically used for community development to increase equity and access.

Resources such as readings, films, and podcasts, along with guest speakers, provided additional context throughout the course. <REAL ESTATE MEDIA AND MARKETING> [Spring 2022] Amir Korangy In this course, students examined the important role media, data, and information technology play in real estate and why these components are essential to the marketing of a successful real estate project. Students learned about the dynamic, often intricate relationship between developers and other real estate professionals and the array of media channels that impact each of them. Students focused on a single mixed-use real estate project (their Capstone project), for which they devised a complete messaging campaign including PR, advertising, and branding. <CAPITAL MARKETS: REIT ANALYSIS> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] David Kruth This course commenced with the history, description, and benefits of the REIT corporate structure particularly as it relates to the publicly listed vehicles. It covered in detail the determination of the specific stock valuation of companies utilizing various methodologies such as Net Asset Value, price to FFO, and Price to Cash Flow. The various property sectors were evaluated and compared in terms of economic cycles, revenue structures, capital structure, risk profiles, and valuation. Students performed in-depth financial analyses of publicly traded REIT including comparative analysis and buy/sell decisions. <INTERNATIONAL REITS> [Summer 2021] David Kruth Building on the fundamental REIT analytical methods, this course investigated the international variations of REIT structures: the history of the emergence of REITs in various countries, the respective structural differences, and the proportional presence of this corporate form in the local real estate investment markets.

Students performed in-depth financial analyses of publicly-traded REITs in various countries and propose a cross-border merger/acquisition opportunity.

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<CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT II> [Summer 2021] Richard Lambeck This course bridged the physical disciplines with the regulation and financial complexities of modern development. It provided an overview of construction technologies, the construction process, and construction management. Course topics included cost estimating; value engineering; scheduling and management methods; contract documentation and administration (AIA); RFP/bidding; insurance; labor relations; civil and mechanical engineering; delivery systems design and implementation. <REAL ESTATE PRIVATE EQUITY: CQUISITION ANALYSIS> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Jiho Lee This course covered topics related to real estate acquisitions in the five major asset classes (multifamily, office, retail, industrial, and hospitality) in the U.S. It reviewed value-add/opportunistic real estate investment opportunities as a joint venture equity provider and discussed concepts in fund structuring and joint venture structuring. In addition, this course demonstrated desk-top underwriting methods along with highlights of each asset class. <REAL ESTATE FINANCIAL CONCEPTS TUTORIAL II> [Fall 2021] Stephen Lefebvre This tutorial developed students' facility with Excel and understanding of analytical processes. <FINANCIAL MODELING CASE STUDIES> [Spring 2022] Chok Lei This course taught the skills required for the real estate financial service industry by honing the student’s technical modeling skills in MS Excel. Through intensive hands-on training in financial modeling and analysis, this program prepared students for future careers in real estate private equity, development companies, investment and commercial banking, and research firms. Based on case studies utilized by companies in the industry, the course covered a variety of real estate asset types and development programs to provide students with the core technical skills required for these positions. Students learned to build complex financial models from scratch, including DCF Proforma across various capital structure scenarios such as equity partnership waterfalls, preferred equity, acquisition debt, construction debt, and mezzanine debt. <LEGAL ELEMENTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS> [Spring 2022] Richard Leland This course examined development and investment issues as they interface with property, zoning, contract, securities, and tax law. It provided students with the opportunity to actively engage legal professionals in mitigating and resolving contractual and regulatory risks. <CAPITAL PARTNERSHIP STRUCTURING WITH ADVANCED EXCEL MODELING> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Jose Lievano This course advanced students’ knowledge and technical skills with Excel financial modeling and covered the more complex construction of the DCF Proforma around various capital structures of partnership equity waterfalls, preferred equity, mezzanine debt, and securitized debt. Ultimately, the course required students to build complex financial models from scratch. <THE ART OF THE DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL> [Fall 2021] Brian Loughlin This course furthered students’ understanding of the comprehensive nature of creating a development proposal and provided an overview of the process including the integration of finance, marketing, spatial programming, architectural design, and urban planning.

Students learned how to investigate a neighborhood, assess a community’s needs, select one or more sites, evaluate the real estate opportunity it presents,craft a vision that meets the demands of the market and the needs of the community, maximize value for the municipality and the developer, and prepare a professional development proposal.

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<LIVING ON THE EDGE: THE COMPLEXITIES OF WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT> [Spring 2022] Adam Lubinsky Over the last few decades, waterfronts have emerged as new territory for development in cities across the world. After centuries of being the locus of shipping and industrial activity, waterfronts are now the focal points for residential and mixed-use districts with views and open space. These developments have emerged as major sites of contention around an array of issues, including the scale of the buildings, coastal climate change concerns, the affordability of new housing, the displacement of manufacturing space, and the accessibility to new open space. This course examined the evolving real estate, policy, urban design, and architectural responses to these issues with respect to a range of private, public, and private-public partnership developments in New York and other global cities. <UNDERSTANDING URBANISM AND PLANNING SITES> [Spring 2022] Adam Lubinsky This course explored site development through the lens of urban design principles.

Students took on analyses and design exercises that examined how places have evolved as a result of local natural features and historical land-use patterns; how an urban structure is formed through the inter-relationship of streets, blocks, and open space; the role streets play in terms of making connections, supporting local businesses, providing entries to buildings, and servicing building needs; and how buildings establish particular form, density, and a mix of uses in response to the urban structure, open space and infrastructure, historical character, and market demand.

The assignments provided an understanding of the basis for zoning regulations and culminated in a proposed site plan and massing for selected sites. <CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY> [Summer 2021] John Lyons This course bridged the physical disciplines with the regulation and financial complexities of modern development. It provided an overview of construction technologies, the construction process, and construction management. <MARKET ANALYSIS> [Summer 2021] Jonathan Miller This course introduced methods used in analyzing real estate markets, considering the perspective of decision-makers who are considering potential development, investment, or financing decisions. It focused on the thought processes and mechanics of producing a market analysis report and was framed around the methodologies of performing a market analysis for each real estate asset class: residential, commercial office, retail, industrial and hospitality. <THE ARCHITECTURE OF DEVELOPMENT> [Summer 2021] Brooks McDaniel This course explored the development process with respect to site selection, design, construction, value, and risk. The objective was to understand the role of the full development team, expose the students to case studies, and provide a framework for decision making during the development process. <ADVANCED CASE STUDIES IN REAL ESTATE ANALYSIS> [Spring 2022] Chris Munsell Building upon the concepts, models, and tools previously studied, students learned to analyze, capitalize and negotiate various types of real estate transactions, including in the more complex partnership, family company, and funds management situations. <CAPSTONE INDEPENDENT STUDY> [Fall 2021] Chris Munsell This course synthesized the learnt analytical, comparative and critical processes involved in real estate development projects, transactions, and investments. It provided an opportunity for students to demonstrate their understanding of the dynamics of real estate development, its capital requirements, and delivery procedures.

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<REAL ESTATE DEBT> [Fall 2021] Chris Munsell Taught in conjunction with Real Estate Finance II, Real Estate Debt built upon the major topics from the core curriculum and took a deeper dive into the fundamentals of real estate debt. This course broke down the advanced calculations from the core course by piecing together the micro-level components of finance, building on students’ technical skills. The students also gained exposure to a number of different mortgage products and industry vernacular as well as the major loan conditions and features utilized across all types of lenders in various markets.

In so, students developed an understanding of the significance of real estate debt within their education at Columbia and within the commercial real estate industry. <REAL ESTATE FINANCE III: CAPITAL MARKETS> [Spring 2022] Chris Munsell [Summer 2021] Merrie Frankel, Chris Munsell This course provided a real-world overview of the public and private markets for real estate debt and equity. Building upon the fundamental analysis of real estate investments, this course examined complex equity investment strategies, structured finance, and various capitalization formats including direct and securitized equity as well as the creation and management of investment funds. <UNDERWRITING> [Fall 2021] Chris Munsell, Rob Shoetz [Summer 2021] Chris Munsell This course covered all major facets of underwriting income-producing commercial real estate from a lending perspective. Students learned how to effectively underwrite stabilized office, retail, industrial, multifamily, and hotel properties.

The course emphasized credit evaluation, cash flow analysis, break-even analysis, market analysis, sponsorship, and loan structure, while also examining strategies including securitization and loan sales. <LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF REAL ESTATE> [Fall 2021] Mitchell Nelson This course provided a foundation for understanding the basic legal principles that serve owners, financiers, operators, and experts in the real estate industry. As such, it acted as a broad survey of relevant aspects of the application of law to real estate. Within the class, students developed an appreciation for the value and risks of property ownership and finance and gained elementary knowledge of the rationale behind the structure of transactions. <PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT> [Fall 2021] Mehul Patel This course explored public-sector involvement in real estate development and imparted a set of skills necessary to manage the complex medley of governmental actors with conflicting goals and agendas in public/private development. Through case studies drawn primarily from the NYC metropolitan region, the class provided an opportunity to examine the motivations, powers, and constraints of public agencies, as well as the approaches to planning projects, soliciting support, sustaining momentum, and structuring public/private partnerships. <REAL ESTATE FINANCE TUTORIAL III> [Spring 2022] Jake Pesci This tutorial developed students' facility with Excel and understanding of analytical processes. <AFFORDABLE HOUSING, DEVELOPMENT, AND POLICY> [Spring 2022] Ed Poteat This course used the affordable housing techniques discussed in previous semesters to design and plan an actual affordable housing development. In addition to tax credit and tax-exempt bond financing, the course also looked at the other aspects of affordable housing development such as design and constructability elements, community involvement, and political considerations. Although a keen understanding of affordable housing

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Real Estate Development finance is necessary for any successful developer, development requires an understanding of several disciplines. Political considerations have stymied many feasible affordable housing developments. Design and constructability issues have severely delayed or bankrupted a financially feasible project. Finally, this course also discussed the role of intermediaries and government agencies in the creation of affordable housing.

<LEASE ANALYSIS AND FINANCIAL METRICS> [Fall 2021] Sara Queen Students undertook a detailed analysis of real estate leases including the core components, key conditions, and the implications for the financial performance of a property. Covering all major property types and building scales, students achieved competency in extracting critical financial information from leases, structuring the key components of a lease, and evaluating a given lease for negotiation. <ASSET MANAGEMENT> [Spring 2022, Summer 2021] Sara Queen This course studied the issues that impact an asset from initial investment through disposition with a particular focus on leasing, repositioning strategies, hold-sell analysis, and operations. It focused on how effective asset management works with property management, leasing, construction/development, and accounting to maximize financial performance. Overall, the class emphasized real-world issues and examples through the life cycle of an asset. <REAL ESTATE FUNDAMENTALS> [Summer 2021] Clarence Radin In this course, students applied technical skills they've acquired in the program to real-world scenarios, perceived the need for more knowledge and skills, and better understood the larger picture of commercial real estate. Students were exposed to various commercial real estate activities, which helped them narrow their professional search. <ARCHITECT AND DEVELOPER DIALOGUES> [Spring 2022] Raquel Ramati Real estate success is a collaborative process, a creative effort between developers and architects. This course exposed students to six cases of developer-architect collaboration. It analyzed the dynamics behind the development process and how to bridge the developer-architect approach to result in a successful project. <RISK AND INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT> [Spring 2022] Ryan Severino This course provided students of real estate finance and investment with a foundation in portfolio and risk management as it applies to individual real estate investments, multiple investments, and portfolios of mixed real estate assets and real estate assets (including securities) as a component of institutional portfolios. This class covered introductory concepts; the application of these concepts to real estate, performance, measurement, economics, and real estate cycles; institutional portfolio management; and international investments. <PIONEERING PROPTECH> [Summer 2021] Ryan Severino This class discussed the origins of PropTech, what constitutes PropTech, and ways that it is being utilized to glean insights into commercial real estate. It also explored potential future uses and applications of PropTech. Students built a basic PropTech application as an end-of-semester project utilizing a sample data set. <REAL ESTATE NEGOTIATION> [Summer 2021] Daniel Serviansky This course provided students with the opportunity to develop their negotiation skills through in-class simulations and the study of negotiation theory. Students compared collaborative and competitive techniques, considering the risks and rewards of each in various contexts. Looking at both deals and conflicts, topics include game theory, strategy, persuasion, ADR, conflict coaching, cognitive bias, behavioral economics, active listening, and the role of the built environment.

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<THE BUSINESS OF DEVELOPMENT> [Summer 2021] Shai Shamir This course provided an immersive understanding of the development world from the point of view of a real estate developer. Students learned the fundamentals and principles of the development theory using basic analytical tools, and how to develop a successful business plan. <SUSTAINABILITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR CRE> [Fall 2021] Adrian Silver This course explored sustainability in proptech. As buildings are responsible for 40% of the carbon emissions in the U.S., many companies have developed technologies to monitor and reduce energy usage in commercial buildings. Students investigated the key motivations and barriers among real estate firms that influence the implementation of deep energy retrofits and developed a strong understanding of the key decision-makers and influential actors within these organizations who plan, finance, and execute these projects. Along the way, students assessed the qualities of the most prominent technologies currently in use, conducted their own interviews, and heard from guest speakers who lead the industry. <RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ASSET STRATEGY> [Fall 2021] Margaret Streicker Porres Multifamily real estate is a favored investment for a wide range of investors from institutions to independent owners. However, managing these assets strategically, and in terms of everyday activities, requires a combination of diligence, planning, and creativity. Drawing on extensive experience and the current management of a very large portfolio of assets, this course taught students the details of the asset management and value maximization proposition for multifamily assets and portfolios. <AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN THE U.S.: POLICY AND PRACTICE> [Spring 2022] Paul Weech This course examined affordable housing and community development policy and practice in the U.S. Over the six class periods, students learned about the array of programs and subsidy resources devoted to affordable housing finance and development and explored the various federal, state, and local policies that support and/or hinder affordable housing development. With this context, the course then focused on several case studies to examine different types of affordable housing interventions across urban, suburban, and rural geographies; rental and homeownership tenures; and singlefamily, multifamily, and mixed-use developments. The class incorporated practitioners with experience in affordable housing development and finance as guest speakers. <FUNDS MANAGEMENT AND CAPITAL RAISING> [Fall 2021] Marc Weidner, Michael Clark This course exposed students to the fundamentals of real estate private equity, basic terms, players in the industry, various roles of professionals, and legal and financial aspects of real estate private equity in today’s environment. It taught students a broad base of understanding in private equity real estate to prepare them in the concepts, terms, and fundamentals that govern the real estate private equity markets. The course was taught from the perspective of the General Partner in managing funds and the Limited Partner in investing in funds and brought industry experts within these roles as guest speakers to share their real estate private equity experiences. The class focused in particular on current fundraising issues as well as on the structuring of private equity transactions.

<REAL ESTATE MARKETS AND VALUATION> [Fall 2021] Evan Weiss This course introduced students to the methods used in analyzing real estate markets, emphasizing the perspective of decision-makers considering potential development, investment, or financing decisions. The course focused on the thought processes and mechanics of producing a market analysis report, specifically framed around the various methodologies of performing a market analysis for each real estate asset class: residential, commercial office, retail, industrial, and hospitality. With this information as a base, the key methods of valuation were introduced as students became adept in this detailed and rigorous analysis.

Real Estate Development

416 <JOINT ARCH/MSRED STUDIO: THE BRIDGE> Patrice Derrington, Christoph a. Kumpusch

Alonso Ortega, Josh Westerman Karen Chen, Jason Lee

Nash Taylor, Josh Bransky

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417

Cara DePippo, Graham Drennan

Kamu Kakizaki, Karan Matta

Qingyang Yu, Kourosh Fathi

418 <PRE-DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS> Kate Ascher, Cecily King

Asher McGlothlin

Sophie Sheng

Real Estate Development

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419

<THE ART OF THE DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL> Brian Loughlin, Kate Ascher, Cecily King

Tina Huang, Josh Bransky, Damita Yu, Nissen Huang, Kevin Hall

Matt Gorwitz, Sam McPadden, Spencer Rose, Josh Westerman

Real Estate Development

420 <CAPSTONE: DEVELOPMENT CASE STUDIES> Patrice Derrington, Brian Loughlin

Aribi Rousol

Eryn Halvey

Jason Ji Soo Jung

Sophie Sheng

Columbia GSAPP

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421

Gabriela Wood

Kamu Kakizaki

422

New York—Paris

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New York—Paris Danielle Smoller, Program Director The Shape of Two Cities: New York/Paris Program is designed to develop a student’s critical appreciation of urban forms, from genesis through development, and the role of architecture, preservation, and planning in the spatial, social, and cultural creation of the contemporary urban environment. As a one-year intensive liberal arts program with a strong studio component, the curriculum focuses on both design issues and the urban history and theory of these two cities. In addition, the program provides a thorough introduction to the disciplines of architecture, urban studies, and planning for highly-motivated undergraduates who have completed at least two years of study at their home institutions, or for post-baccalaureate students interested in preparing for graduate studies. Previous study in these disciplines is not required for admission to the program, allowing students from a broad range of academic and professional backgrounds to participate. The program’s curriculum is designed to provide students with a better understanding of the design and urban studies disciplines as they are practiced in both New York and Paris, offering a unique context that engages students as well as critics and instructors from architecture, urban studies, and other fields with a critical dialogue across cultures using two of the world’s great cities. New York and Paris are significant global cities, each a case study and legacy of urban development, and each a historical cultural, financial, and political capital. For students, these two cities offer an ideal opportunity to explore the historical, social, and political development of urban form; and to clarify the roles of architects, planners, and preservationists upon it.

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New York—Paris

424 <DESIGN STUDIO> Thomas de Monchaux

Emily Taw

Yining Wang

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425

Isabel Sung

Yilun Jin

426

Introduction to Architecture

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Introduction to Architecture Danielle Smoller, Program Director This five-week intensive design studio presents a comprehensive and intensive experience in architectural design. In the mornings, students are invited to participate in optional lectures and discussions on making, technology, the environment, faculty firms, and portfolio workshops. In the afternoon or evening, students are required to attend the 3-credit design studio — an educational method unique to architecture — where they are given intensive training in the skills and critical thinking involved in architectural design. Students work in small groups directly with one studio instructor, toward studio goals.

In the digital realm, an architect acts as a translator between virtual and physical environments. This negotiation requires the architect to engage standing questions: How do we merge the physical with the virtual, and how are our definitions of those changing?

What is the role of making in a non-physical workshop? How do communities emerge around virtual design? And with new emphasis, how does the solitary creative act merge with the need for a collective effort and audience?

In the studio, students engage with the means and methods of architecture that are made possible and essential by dwelling online. Here they interrogate concepts of placemaking, the production of space, and the creation of community — with a virtual embodiment. They learn about the role of the architect as a facilitator of connections between people, and as interpreter of the spaces both physical and nonphysical.

Design work, teaching, and reviews occur in platforms conducive to live sharing and feedback — some established, some experimental.

These forums provide an opportunity for students to receive comments and criticism from invited architects, design professionals, and professors.

Together, the studio, workshops, and lectures present an introduction to architecture as a venue for new forms, new places, and new approaches to our contemporary critical culture.

Design Studio Faculty Sarah Bisignano Zamler Maru Pérez Benavides Jarrett Ley Elie Zeinoun Charlotte Yu Angela Sun

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Introduction to Architecture

<DESIGN STUDIO> Sarah Bisignano Zamler, Maru Pérez Benavides, Jarrett Ley, Elie Zeinoun, Charlotte Yu, Angela Sun

Aaryn Ijames

Jingxian Huang

Rebecca Shaw Natalia Kassam

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429

Megan McGourley

Deepthi Rao

430

Introduction to Architecture

<DESIGN STUDIO> Sarah Bisignano Zamler, Maru Pérez Benavides, Jarrett Ley, Elie Zeinoun, Charlotte Yu, Angela Sun

Shamsa Al Maeeni

Alice Cork

Nicholas Arvanitis

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Jane Cole

Katie Ladd

Ladi’Sasha Jones

432

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

<SECTION D> 435 Ph.D. Architecture Felicity D. Scott, Program Director 439 Ph.D. Urban Planning Weiping Wu, Program Director 445 Ph.D. Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Program Director 447 M.S. Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices Felicity D. Scott and Mark Wasiuta, Program Co-Directors

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Ph.D. Architecture Felicity D. Scott, Program Director The Ph.D. Program in Architecture is oriented toward the training of scholars in the field of architectural history and theory. Its structure reflects a dual understanding of the scholar’s role in the academy: as a teacher and as a researcher making an original contribution to the field, with an emphasis on expanding and reinterpreting disciplinary knowledge in a broad intellectual arena. Course requirements give entering students a solid foundation in historical knowledge and theoretical discourse, with suffi­cient flexibility to allow the initiation and pursuit of indi­vidual research agendas.

The program’s focus is on the history and theory of modern and contemporary architecture and urbanism in an international and cross-cultural context, from the mid-18th century to the present. Within this, a wide range of research is supported through the expertise of the faculty and through strong relation­ships with other departments throughout the University and beyond.

Ph.D. Committee: Lucia Allais Barry Bergdoll Ateya Khorakiwala Reinhold Martin Mary McLeod Felicity D. Scott Mark Wigley Mabel O. Wilson Affiliated Faculty: Zeynep Çelik Alexander Anooradha Iyer Siddiqi

436

Ph.D. Architecture

Columbia GSAPP

<COURSES>

<PH.D. SEMINAR: THINKING RACE, READING ARCHITECTURE> [Spring 2022] Mabel O. Wilson

This seminar examined race in architecture. It closely read and discussed primary treatises and manifestos, scholarly essays and books, along with reviewing drawings, models, buildings, and urban plans to trace a genealogy of how concepts of human and racial difference shaped modern architectural discourse and practices. Critical for the seminar was to understand how and why the racial evolves in western philosophy. These concepts are found in the writings Kant, Hegel, and others from which architectural theory and history derives its conceptual frameworks. The course also charted a history of the racial in order to understand its presence in the writings and projects of various of architects, theorists, and historians.

One key objective of the seminar was to understand why the discipline and profession of architecture has been resistant to recognize how the racial has been part of its discursive genealogy. Over the course of the semester, scholars in architectural history who are undertaking innovative research on the topic shared their work with the seminar.

<PH.D. COLLOQUIUM I> [Fall 2021] Lucia Allais

This course introduced doctoral students to architectural history as a conceptual field and writerly practice. The class was a hybrid of a reading seminar (where texts covering methodological approaches in architectural history and its neighboring fields were read and discussed) and a writing workshop (where students wrote and workshopped short pieces, corresponding to the various formats of scholarly output, and culminating in a research paper on a topic of their choice).

The two halves of the class progressed in parallel; together they helped situate architecture’s historiography within broader scholarly and methodological debates.

The goal was not to be comprehensive but to familiarize students with well-known or emerging arguments and to achieve clarity about the field’s methodological assumptions, its freedoms and its blindnesses.

<THE HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE THEORY> [Fall 2021] Mark Wigley

This class explored how theory is produced and deployed at every level of architectural discourse from formal written arguments to the seemingly casual discussions in the design studio. From Vitruvius to social media and from ancient treatises on parchment to flickering web pages and tweets, the course analyzed how the debate adapts itself to new conditions while preserving some relentless obsessions. Additionally, architectural discourse was understood as a wide array of interlocking institutions, each with its own histories and unique effects. This course established how and why these various institutions were put in place and traced their historical transformations up until the present to see which claims about architecture have been preserved and which have changed.

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<DISSERTATION>

Aaron White

Classicism and Colonization: Architecture and its Discourses in Early-Modern England Reinhold Martin, Thesis Advisor

Jacques Le Moyne De Morgues. Réné de Laudonniére and the Indian Chief Athore Visit Ribaut’s Column, 1564. The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library.

This dissertation examines links between architectural and colonial discourse in order to provide a new account of England’s fascination with the “all’antica” manner in the late-sixteenth and early-seventeenth centuries. I argue that the allure of classicism during this period was directly related to imperial ambitions awakened by the consolidation of the Scottish and English crowns. Seeking models for their nascent empire, architects and colonial “planters” looked to their own history as a Roman colony.

Shared references to antiquity facilitated an unprecedented commerce between artistic and political discourse. Architects in England and colonizers abroad both fashioned themselves as the “new Romans,” reconceiving English identity as a product of Britain’s former subjugation. While classicism provided newly required symbols of empire, it also challenged traditional notions of “Englishness,” embroiling architects in cultural, political, and religious debates that transformed architecture and the status of architects.

438

Ph.D. Urban Planning

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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439

Ph.D. Urban Planning Weiping Wu, Program Director The Ph.D. Program in Urban Planning is focused on training individuals for future careers as teachers, researchers, policy-makers, and business entrepreneurs in and near the field of urban planning—in academia, government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and think tanks.

The program equips students with the theoretical and methodological expertise to address important contemporary issues, such as climate change and adaptation, built environment transformation, immigration and migration, housing and community development, and poverty and inequality.

The flexibility of the program is reflected in the range of places that are the subject of student inquiry. A common theme uniting the myriad interests of the students is a focus on the role of space and of collective action, as well as normative concerns related to social justice and democracy.

Ph.D. Committee: Hiba Bou Akar Lance Freeman Hugo Sarmiento Weiping Wu

440

Ph.D. Urban Planning

Columbia GSAPP

<COURSES>

<ADVANCED RESEARCH I> [Fall 2021] Weiping Wu

For this course, students planned a course of self-study and inquiry under the supervision of an advisor who reviews and grades the work. This may involve library research, lab work, fieldwork, or other research methods, and the final product could be a paper, digital design, map, or some alternative to the standard paper— whatever the student and advisor agree is the best format for illuminating the results of the research.

<DOCTORAL COLLOQUIUM I AND III> [Fall 2021] Lance Freeman

The purpose of this course was to provide students with an overview of the research design process. As the PhD prepares students to conduct scholarly research, this course played a foundational role in their development as a scholar. The course focused on various paradigms of social science including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. The course used examples of research debates from urban planning to illustrate different research strategies. The readings included examples of empirical studies accompanied by readings that explain in more detail the particular research strategy used in the examples. Students also had the opportunity to propose alternative strategies for addressing the research questions examined in the examples. Through practice, students honed their research design skills. In the final part of the course, students presented and critiqued each other’s research designs.

<ADVANCED PLANNING THEORY> [Spring 2022] Hiba Bou Akar

This advanced planning course provided an in-depth look into some of the key issues of planning theory. It brought together social theory and planning theory for a discussion on the strands of thought that have shaped planning theory as well as practice. The course deconstructed central pillars to planning thought—like utopian imaginations and the production of their dystopic counterparts such as colonies, ghettos, and enclaves — to further understand the rationalities, processes, and outcomes of planning. The course then examined central concepts to planning — such as social justice, public interest, and property—from theoretical and empirical vantage points, thinking through how property regimes, public sphere, social justice, and the law have shaped the planning of the built environment. The course invited students to think about the postmodern, postcolonial, and feminist theoretical formulations and their propositions for new understandings for modalities of power and otherness in planning to locate possibilities for insurgencies.

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<DISSERTATION>

Wenfei Xu

Cycles of (Dis)-Investment: Federal Intervention and the Long-term Impacts of Heterogenous Development Lance Freeman, Advisor In urban development literature, the historical role of disinvestment through redlining and reinvestment through renewal during the period of expanded federal-level involvement is presumed and widely studied.

However, there remains relatively little literature systematically examining the impacts of these interventions nationally. In this research, I examine how ideological prejudices are obdurate and path dependent when they become embedded in the built environment through legislation or federal institutions and these can influence neighborhood outcomes over time.

In particular, I study federal redlining and urban renewal related interventions between 1940 and 1970/1980 – as proxied by redlining maps from the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) and the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), as well as urban renewal areas through digitized Urban Renewal Project characteristics maps and predicted through a machine learning process – to examine how these subsequently shaped socioeconomic, demographic, and homeownership and home value in this period, with reverberations in a more contemporary period between 1970/1980 - 2010.

The main gaps in the knowledge relate to the additional impact the FHA had on neighborhood decline and racial segregation beyond existing trajectories and practices by lenders and private real estate stakeholders. Moreover, were these patterns uniform across the country or did they vary regionally based on the differences in the racial composition and economic development across the country? Lastly, no redlining research considers the possibility that urban renewal involved related interventions such as the demolition and new construction that presents a non-random complication to the estimation of redlining’s effects, as these interventions likely took place in the same areas that were redlined.

I find that, using a more representative version of redlining maps in Chicago, the results suggest a negative impact on home values and homeownership rates and weakly decreased segregation for neighborhoods excluded from mortgage guarantees between 1940 and 1980. Moreover, I find that peripheral urban neighborhoods in Sunbelt cities experienced more consistent housing advantages from redlining. And in aggregate, despite disproportionate displacement of Black residents, urban renewal ultimately had a positive impact on economic indicators; however, when stratifying these results by redlining grades, these relationships do not hold true for better graded neighborhoods. In other words, the benefits from renewal are contingent on previous disinvestment.

442

Ph.D. Urban Planning

Columbia GSAPP

<DISSERTATION>

Magda Maaoui

Mixité de Façade: How historically disinvested neighborhoods negotiate inclusionary zoning in Paris and New York Lance Freeman, Advisor This dissertation asks how local planners, elected officials and activists have negotiated the recent implementation of inclusionary zoning projects in historically disinvested neighborhoods of New York and the Grand Paris. Instead of focusing on potential issues with the involvement of the private sector in cases of affordable housing provision, I shed the light on the strengths and limitations of the public sector, its land use ideologies and its accountability in terms of affordable housing provision. I look at a policy program that has widely circulated in both countries since the 1970s. Inclusionary zoning was developed as a strategy to leverage market-rate and affordable housing by channeling capital from private real estate developers. It has also always been rooted in a genealogy of initiatives that were attempting to reverse the exclusionary outcomes of zoning. While inclusionary zoning programs have now been widely adopted across North America and Europe, their use seems to be highly incremental and context-specific, and efforts to compare and contrast programs have not succeeded in systematically explaining what works and what does not work. Few studies consider how neighborhood context, local politics and power relations shape inclusionary zoning outcomes.

Few studies consider how the implementation of inclusionary zoning programs in historically disinvested neighborhoods is shaped by path dependency and national contexts, which orient so much of our planning traditions, political economies and multi-scale governance structures. This dissertation intends to fill such a gap by contrasting the Fort d’Aubervilliers housing project where local public sector agents secured a more redistributive housing project (more affordable units and deeper affordability levels) because they had more power and were backed by resources, programs, institutions operating at a more macro level, to the East Harlem housing project where local public sector agents did not secure a redistributive housing project (more affordable units and deeper affordability levels), because they had less power and there was a disconnect with resources, programs, institutions operating at a more macro level.

My research project goes beyond a standard macro-level comparison of national or metropolitan programs. It proposes a finer-grain “N of Two plus Some” comparative framework, with a single case study for a neighborhood in New York and a single case study for a neighborhood in the Grand Paris, both informed by other secondary cases. I present it as a chronological narrative research which “restories” my findings. I uncover the political mediation and micro-processes behind the implementation of two inclusionary housing projects, Fort d’Aubervilliers in the banlieue of the

Grand Paris, and Sendero Verde in New York’s East Harlem. I map the multi-level negotiation processes that unfolded in each case among agents of the public sector, using close to 150 semi-structured interviews and shadowing meetings and hearings across the two cities. Findings follow Jenny Schuetz’s proposal that empowered but not autonomous local actors, subject to regional or federal public governance structures, represent the most just and redistributive model of urban governance when it comes to inclusionary zoning implementation (Schuetz et al. 2009). I contrast the story of an affordable housing project “locked” through the cooperation of the agents that make up the millefeuille multi-scale public sector in the case of Aubervilliers with a contested public-private project where city agendas overlook a community-led neighborhood plan in the case of East Harlem. I underline how local levels of governance—the intermunicipal Établissements Publics Territoriaux in the case of Paris and the City Council in the case of New York—played a critical role in each case to negotiate the social justice outcomes of inclusionary zoning implementation in these historically disinvested neighborhoods, with more or less success. The investigation of two inclusionary zoning cases in East Harlem and the banlieue of Aubervilliers offers lessons about the social justice and equity aspects of real estate development projects undertaken in the two global cities of New York and the Grand Paris. It uncovers the “mixité de façade” question I ask, whether the social mix component of these two projects is truly achieved, or just a façade.

In so doing, I intend to underline that there is a large enough gradient of ways to make the redistribution of economic growth, and goals of social justice, feasible in the two cities I work on. I also hope to reintroduce the type of opportunities the agency of public sector agents in charge of residential landscapes can grant us with, even in historically disinvested neighborhoods. New York and the Grand Paris, two cities which are still respectively at the forefront of securing subsidized housing markets for their residents, allow me to fuel a rich literature on global cities and transatlantic planning. Only this time, I decenter the standard comparative narrative on Paris and New York, and start chronicling the challenges of metropolitan policy making, progressive “New Proceduralism” and “New Public Management” illustrated by programs like inclusionary zoning, by situating the conversation in the historically disinvested neighborhoods of both cities.

Eventually, while both contexts differ in several ways, they tell us something valuable. The major takeaway is

that a strong public institutional landscape and a solid net of programs and resources available for public agents in charge of neighborhood planning plays a huge role in determining the success or failure of implementation processes for this type of inclusionary zoning-financed housing projects.

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Ph.D. Historic Preservation

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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445

Ph.D. Historic Preservation Jorge Otero-Pailos, Program Director The Ph.D. in Historic Preservation program was launched in 2017 and is oriented toward the training of future historic preservation scholars.

The first of its kind in the United States, the program aims to expand the discipline’s range of intellectual entanglements and cultivate new paradigms for scholarly research, experimental practice, global action, and communication.

As a doctoral program, it underscores a historical understanding of the discipline’s evolving challenges and purposes; promotes theoretical speculation on alternative modes of practice suited to deal with the ethical, technical, aesthetic, and social problems of the twenty-first century; and fosters a critical and scholarly culture conducive to preparing the discipline’s next leaders.

The program is housed in the Preservation Technology Lab, where candidates conduct independent research with support from the preservation faculty’s wide range of expertise, in addition to the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library, and the rest of the scholarly community at GSAPP and Columbia University, more broadly.

The curriculum requires two years of coursework, one year to prepare and take general exams, and two years for independent research and writing. The total time to completion is expected to be five years. The Ph.D. in Historic Preservation is a program within the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation while the actual degree is granted by the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.

Ph.D. Committee: Jorge Otero-Pailos Erica Avrami Lola Ben-Alon Lucia Allais Mabel O. Wilson

446

Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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M.S. Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices Felicity D. Scott and Mark Wasiuta, Program Co-Directors The M.S. in Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices in Architecture (MSCCCP) offers advanced training in the fields of architectural criticism, publishing, curating, exhibiting, writing, and research through a two-year, fulltime course of intensive academic study and independent research. The program recognizes that architectural production is multi-faceted and diverse and that careers in architecture often extend beyond traditional modes of professional practice and academic scholarship, while at the same time reflecting and building upon them.

The program is structured to reflect this heterogeneity and the multiple sites and formats of exchange through which the field of architecture operates while at the same time sponsoring the ongoing critical development and interaction of such a matrix of practices and institutions. The program’s emphasis is thus on forging new critical, theoretical, and historical tools, and producing new and rigorous concepts and strategies for researching, presenting, displaying, and disseminating modern and contemporary architecture and closely related fields. The program is aimed primarily (but not exclusively) at those with a background in architecture who wish to advance and expand their critical and research skills in order to pursue professional and leadership careers as architectural critics, theorists, journalists, historians, editors, publishers, curators, gallerists, institute staff and directors, teachers, and research-based practitioners.

Students might be seeking further academic training or specialization after a professional degree or years of teaching, or even at mid-career. They might also have worked in a related field and be seeking an academic forum to develop additional specializations in architecture.

The program also provides the highest level of preparatory training for application to Ph.D. programs in architectural history and theory.

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Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices

Columbia GSAPP

<COURSES>

CCCP ARCHITECTURE COLLOQUIUM I [Fall 2021] Mark Wasiuta

This CCCP colloquium approached contemporary critical discourse through the filter of documents and documentation. Across publications, exhibitions, scholarship, and building, it seems all too obvious to note that these forms of architectural practice produce and encompass distinct types of documents. Yet as self-evident as this claim may appear, and as clean as the divisions among these examples might seem, the document itself is not so easily contained. The genre of the document expands past books, journals, and exhibitions to include memos, audio recordings, films, tapes, notes, email files, and computer code. As the document splinters into different media and distinct forms of inscription, its legal, institutional, social, and political identities cut across and mix diverse academic, popular, and administrative cultural registers. In the colloquium, we examined and assessed the use and authority of documents for architecture, architectural history, architectural exhibitions, and architecture’s other media practices. We read a range of critical and theoretical texts that offer conceptual and intellectual tools for addressing architecture’s relation to documents and, by extension, to matters of communication, media, ecology, and spatial politics.

Through specific historical examples, we considered the force of the document as an effect of modernity and asked how systems of notation and inscription organize its institutions and our own scriptural identities.

ARCHIVES OF TOXICITY [Fall 2021] Mark Wasiuta

Archives and toxicity proliferate. This seminar read this twin proliferation through environmental, atmospheric, and molecular texts, records, and inscriptions to outline a recent history of toxicity and to relate architecture, cities, and the air we breathe, to chemical traces and their accumulations. The seminar asked how toxicity—in all its forms, from petrochemicals to particulates, and from opiates to air pollution—became a salient and defining feature of the last century and an environmental, psychological, and cultural force conditioning our chemical subjectivities. The course grappled with the “depositing” of toxic and environmental archives—where they appear, where they are preserved, what toxic evidence they offer, and what chemicals and particulates they register. With particular attention to architecture, it asked how we might read toxicity not only as environmental tragedy or as the atmospheric unconscious of modernity, but also as sign and materialization of a culture of contamination. Borrowing tools and techniques from ecocriticism, the class located signs of toxicity across a range of sites and formations. Readings covered toxic histories, theories, and methodologies, and other texts that helped us assemble toxicity’s archives and interpret their spatial, urban, territorial, impact.

CCCP COLLOQUIUM II [Spring 2022] Felicity Scott

The domain of architectural work is multi-faceted, as are the multiple forms of practice and knowledge that reflect back upon it. Designed to look closely and critically at these fields of practice, this colloquium focused on three interrelated platforms: (1) publications including magazines, reports, newspapers, and books and the architects, critics, writers, and publishers associated with them; (2) exhibitions in galleries, museums, worlds fairs, expos, biennales, and triennales and the architects, curators, and institutions involved, and; (3) experimental formats of research and the collaborative arrangements and institutions through which they function. The course did not provide a comprehensive account of each of these practices. Rather, participants used selected examples to investigate what role these platforms have played in the formulation and understanding of architecture (broadly conceived) and they worked to identify their contribution to seminal debates, to transformations in architecture’s technical and aesthetic characteristics, to sponsoring critical experimentation, as well as to the careers of many architects. The course attempted to distinguish the different forms of expertise each of these platforms and media manifest; ask how they function as interfaces and to what audiences; and consider whether they serve to consolidate and codify existing architectural paradigms or to forge new critical and conceptual and well as aesthetic, material, and programmatic possibilities.

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COLLECTING ARCHITECTURE TERRITORIES [Spring 2022] Mark Wasiuta

Opiates, oil, and tear gas. With the recent spate of biennial scandals, trustee departures, and donor refusals, we suddenly see art museums and cultural institutions through the blur of chemically induced tears, the hazy stupefaction of opiates, and under the sign of the global death drive of fossil fuel extraction. Despite the new visibility of ties between capital and culture, museum practices, identities, and collections have long been conditioned by such ligatures of liquidity and connections to cash. Collecting Architecture Territories—this seminar and the GSAPP Research Initiative—tracked the recent evolution of this relationship by tuning into one of the most significant developments reshaping the intersection of art and architectural practice over the last three decades: the veritable explosion of institutions and foundations that have emerged out of private art collections. The project proposes that over the last decades the historical institution of the museum has been undergoing a transformation that requires new forms of spatial, territorial, and cultural analysis. Starting with this transformation the seminar asked what new conditions of collection and organization beyond its walls the mutation of the museum signals. The project considers architecture both as an agent that organizes, supports, and informs a range of contemporary collecting practices, but also increasingly as an object of collection in its own right.

CCCP ARCHITECTURE THESIS I AND II [Fall 2021] [Spring 2022] Joanna Joseph

In addition to regular meetings with their primary advisors, students attended four thesis seminar meetings per semester. These sessions were an important forum for reviewing the requirements and expectations of the CCCP thesis, discussing individual projects and clarifying research agendas, strategizing representational strategies, and developing and refining approaches to jury presentations.

450

Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices

Columbia GSAPP

<THESES>

Andrea Comair Trouble with ELIZA Mark Wasiuta, Advisor

Najia Fatima

Colonial Traditions: Village Modernities — Making the Artisan in the Rural Indian Subcontinent Ateya Khorakiwala, Advisor

Ariane Fong

In Lieu of Absence: Antinomies of Diplomacy at the Taipei Biennial Felicity D. Scott, Advisor

2004 Taipei Biennial opening. Declaration/ Documentation: Taipei Biennial, 1996-2014.

Kipling, J.L., “Art Industries of Punjab,” 1888.

Joseph Weizenbaum demonstrating remote modem access with project MAC to German Newspaper crew from Die Zeit, 1965. Die Zeit Archiv, Joseph Weizenbaum and crew, MIT, 1965.

The libidinal economy of display before the digital screen: At a time when Audio-Visual technique had already revealed its effects on conditions of viewing, ELIZA, a computer psychoanalyst software produced at MIT’s department of electrical engineering in 1964, constituted an interruption pertaining to the problem that display poses. ELIZA simultaneously encapsulates three categories constituting a logic of display: the commodity, the screen, and what it reflects/presents (and what I am naming the automaton). The story of ELIZA’s scripting (as trick) and subsequent staging (as magic) shows that there is an elusive, aesthetic, and auratic register that persists, despite its unmasking. This apparatus presents an uncanny moment pertaining to the magic of technology. It is the ultimate fetish which obfuscates an existential lack and obscures its failure from the user.

The staged apparatus functions within its illusion, enabling affective identification, desire and enjoyment, a trick that surpasses attempts of demystification. With the advent of the digital screen, the thesis departs from ELIZA to grapple with three categories of objects that construct the nexus of relations between the agents at play within display, namely, the subject/object, the staging apparatus, and the screen providing their mediation.

I contend that the three instances are gendered attractions entailing a script, a commodity/woman and commodity/screen that conjure forth the elusive spectrality of the aesthetics of display. ▛

This project explores the creation of the artisan in the space of the village in the Indian subcontinent as a product of colonial modernity. It investigates nineteenth century theorization of the village, its spatial reorganization and reforms meant to support the aesthetic and political economy. The relationship between artisanal work and the village was drawn through historic narratives of ancestral and religious ties as well as the native’s instinct towards craft. Studies were conducted on the artistic behavioural patterns of the villagers which were then documented in various reports and publications of the time.

These written documents create an episteme that justifies violent interventions on the bodies and spaces of native communities. Exhibitions were also implemented to present an ocular demonstration of the impact of colonial rule in this successful transformation. These Reforms were meant to subjugate the communities and render them productive to the economic framework by creating cycles of dependency through financial reforms and artisanal training. I explore these reforms through journals and reports in an attempt to re-examine the violence of the document through a series of pamphlets.

This format was used by resistance movements of nineteenth and twentieth centuries in their struggle to fill the gaps of history left by the dominant narratives. ▲

As a format of international art exhibitions, biennials have proliferated since the 1990s, gathering together artworks, installations, performances, screenings, workshops, publications, and symposia. Often taking the name of their host city, they are expected to bridge local and global, national and international scales of exhibition. Established in 1998, the Taipei Biennial has negotiated these antinomies, speaking to and from the political context of Taiwan. As a cultural proxy for otherwise impossible diplomatic relations, the Taipei Biennial was initiated in response to an absence of representation for the island and increasing political tensions. Ever since, it has become a platform from which to display Taiwan’s culture and consider its political ontology, featuring artworks that begin to subvert established notions of cultural identity and political belonging. Comprised of three essays, each of which takes as its subject an edition of the Taipei Biennial, this thesis looks at how such practices, as visual and spatial forms of knowledge production, can serve as forms of cultural diplomacy. The research engages with archival photographs, correspondence, catalogs, and other publications of these past editions, asking how curators and participating artists have understood the archetype of the nation-state as an “imagined and negotiated construct.” Especially within different historical and geopolitical contexts, it asks how the biennial might complicate seemingly concrete global relationships and in what ways it has contributed to new social imaginaries for Taiwan. This thesis considers the questions raised at the Taipei Biennial and how the event has become a platform for international visibility, decolonial critique, and even resistance. ▟

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<THESES>

Nur Jabarin

Codex of Revolt: An Experiment of Historicizing Indigenous Destruction Felicity D. Scott, Advisor

Spenser A. Krut

Desert Bias: Bureaucratic Mythos of the Mojave Desert Felicity D. Scott, Advisor

Album of photographs of the demonstrations which took place in Palestine; early emeregence of Palestinian anti-colonial photojournalism. Source: Library of Congress.

The “Codex of Revolt” is a parafictional archival collection. It aims at resituating the colonial knowledge— knowledge produced by official records and anti-colonial materials controlled in formal archives—for the purpose of constructing counter-knowledge about the history of interwar Palestine, with a specific focus on the Palestinian Revolt between 1936-1939 and the practice of violent resistance. It seeks to bring to light questions about the revolt and the practice of sabotage that have long been in the shadow of colonial narratives. While seeking to question the genealogy, ontology, and epistemology of the practice of sabotage, the question of the archive and its capacity to control indigenous knowledge and its reproduction through fiction figured prominently in this project. In that sense, the fictionality of the archive is not limited to eradicating the Palestinian position and its perspective. In fact, the codex does not argue for the phino-mythology of the archive. On the contrary, it seeks to demonstrate that official colonial and Zionist records controlled in the archive, in the majority, are facts. However, through a developed methodology for reading colonial facts—that consists of a practice of photo-text montage through which official colonial records are supplemented with the subaltern voice of the revolt—the very fact of archival fiction is materialized through the presentation of the facts and their interpretations. Against this backdrop, the codex comes to problematize facts and argue for their employment in an ideological framework that is often methodologized to serve the agenda of colonial forces. ◘

Mojave map, one of several maps produced for the thesis, this visualization depicts the EPA’s Ecoregions of North America border of the Mojave Basin and Range as a solid black line, and the primary federal agencies that manage up to 91% of the land are represented in different hatches.

This thesis attends to the desert: a terrestrial biome named for its inhospitable conditions and defined by what it lacks. Despite the inherent association of desolation, the desert has inspired a myth of an abstracted and unspoiled landscape. To challenge both the etymology and imaginary, my project surveys physical objects, rhetorical accounts, and mediated references littered across a singular region, the Mojave Desert. This named landscape is at once the smallest American desert and the bearer of multiple superlatives: from holding the records for the hottest surface and air temperatures ever recorded on Earth and lowest point in North America to containing the largest national park in the contiguous USA and more endemic plants per square meter than any location in the country. Moreover, the Mojave, according to the World Wildlife Organization, is classified as roughly half-conserved and half-altered by human settlement. This classification, indebted to the California Desert Protection Act of 1994, provides artifacts of wilderness and of a productive landscape.

Numerous systems of knowledge exist in the Mojave which together paint a fractured and complex picture, and codify our understanding of the desert. This list includes federal histories provided by the Mojave’s dominant proprietors: the Department of the Interior (National Park System, USGS, and Bureau of Land Management) and the U.S. Armed Forces (Air Force and Navy). Against the backdrop of these multiple epistemic and governing frameworks, and against the impulse of romanticism or conservation, my thesis proposes an investigation of a series of artifacts that illustrates how federal authority and legislation are prolific forces through which the desert’s ambiguity is conserved and sustained. ◖

452

Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices

Columbia GSAPP

<THESES>

Caroline Maxwell

Eco-logic: Agnes Denes and the Architecture of Interdisciplinary Research Mark Wasiuta, Advisor Agnes Denes, a Hungarian-born American artist, was one of the first to address the intersection of environmental concerns, artificial intelligence, and interdisciplinary studies in her practice. To highlight Denes’ foundational role in broadening contemporary discourse on interdisciplinary research, this thesis analyzes her concept of “eco-logic.” Denes developed eco-logic as a method to bridge her ecological and logical modes of working—between thought and life and theory and praxis. One of Denes’ first projects exploring the concept of eco-logic was her seminal text, Book of Dust: The Beginning and the End of Time and Thereafter. The book provides a critical lens into the acceleration of environmental concerns, information technology, and specialized disciplines in the late 1960s. In the book, Denes posits dust as a material and conceptual vehicle for understanding the tensions between biology and technology that emerged with the information age. She explores these themes by cataloging the corporeal, conceptual, and cosmic dimensions of dust between 1972 and 1989.

Through analyzing Book of Dust, this thesis outlines the tools, methods, and models that shape the infrastructure of Denes’ eco-logic. The framework for this field guide consists of three parts. Part one, Research Tools, explores Denes’ use of numbers, containers, diagrams, and images in both the book and her practice. Part two, Research Methods, examines how Denes employs interdisciplinarity, paradox, fiction, and visualization strategies in her process. Part three, Research Models, situates eco-logic in conversation with ecological epistemologies put forth by Donna Haraway, Timothy Morton, and Bruno Latour. This section examines how each scholar aims to reconcile science with ecology and how these ideas map onto and build tension within Denes’ notion of eco-logic. The conclusion looks at how Denes’ notion of eco-logic opens up new avenues for understanding the stakes of interdisciplinary research, artificial intelligence, and ecological concerns today. ◤

Andrea Molina Cuadro An Atlas of (emerging) Carbon Territories Mark Wasiuta, Advisor

Coal mines in Gillette, Wyoming. Photo by Andrea Molina.

Anthropogenic carbon is everywhere. Currently, carbon not only circulates through infrastructures where it continues to be mined, extracted, burnt and emitted, but also through another emerging complex encompassing a vast network of operations where it is observed, measured, regulated, capped, traded, exchanged, offset, captured, transported, sequestered and re-utilized. An endless sequence of processes resulting from the anxiety to control its gaseous accumulation in the atmosphere are producing new territories where carbon circulates today.

This thesis deals with those territories. But also with a problem: the complexity derived from the variety of scenarios that conform the new territories of carbon, which vary from remote places where carbon dioxide is being captured and geologically sequestered, to conventions where intergovernmental treaties and protocols regulating the functioning of carbon markets are produced. It entails grasping complex networks of scientific observation and CO 2 measurement techniques in the air and the subsoil, and identifying the territories where the emerging carbon capture and sequestration industry’s architectures, infrastructures and machines are being deployed. Throughout, it also involves identifying the production of discourses, ideologies and imaginaries mobilized and enacted by a whole new set of experts, institutions and corporations that the gaseous carbon economy creates and interconnects in various and complicated ways – an intricate spatiality of carbon that this research unpacks.

Consequently, the task of this thesis is also to capture carbon, but otherwise. Conducting a process of semantic engineering on the (technical, violent) connotations of the term within the carbon capture industry, I instead understand capture as a research tool. This thesis is an exercise of locating, indexing, mapping and

spatializing carbon and its new territories from the aboveground to the underground, as well as the new forms of labor, property acquisition, dispossession and scenes of exploitation that emerge on the ground.

Through this process of compilation and analysis, this thesis (naturally) came to be an Atlas of (emerging) Carbon Territories, a means for seeing what otherwise seems ungraspable, elusive, or is even obscured. ◓

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Tianyu Yang

Scenographics of Crime Mark Wasiuta, Advisor

Scenographics of Crime by Tianyu Yang.

This is a project about the spatiality constructed around the human body and the crime scene. In contrast to superficial readings of the crime scene as a static space, Scenographics of Crime seeks to uncover the instability and temporality of the crime scene—a scenographic space charged with opportunity and danger for judicial narrative-making in its reclamation of power.

In the late 19th century, police detectives and examining magistrates, who used to mostly write and only occasionally draw, suddenly found themselves holding a shining new camera. Faced with a new media tension between drawing and photography, early criminologists invented a new set of judicial-visual rules, under which spaces, bodies, and their intermingled biological residues (blood) were not simply captured by a forensic way of “seeing,” but dissected, distorted, and re-distributed.

Scenographics tracks the emergence and evolution of crime scene documentation into the twentieth century, as well as the impact on the manipulation of spatial evidence by competing media—particularly drawing and photography—which inflected and to a degree determined the meaning of crime, its interpretation, and implications. By returning to the original question of vision and spatiality at key scenographic moments in the history of crime media, my thesis addresses how criminal spatial evidence at the crime scene gave rise to a range of secondary spaces and situations—from police photo studio to crime museums. In turn, the work generated by these spaces and institutions has contrib-

uted to the mediatic tension between drawing and photography. Lastly, the thesis seeks to expose the mechanism of power behind the production and dissemination of crime media knowledge, made explicit by the Scenographics of Crime. ◆

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Critical, Cur Conceptua Critical, Curatorial, and Conceptual Practices

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Debashree Mukherjee, Naeem Mohaiemen, Ateya Khorakiwala, Mabel O. Wilson, Felicity D. Scott, Eva Schreiner, Emanuel Admassu, Amelyn Ng, Joanna Joseph

Felicity D. Scott, Maur Dessauvage, Nora Akawi, Jordan H. Carver, Mark Wigley

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<SECTION E> 487 Research 515 Events 528 Publications

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Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture Lucia Allais Director Jacob Moore Associate Director Jordan Steingard Program Manager

Death Lab Karla Rothstein

Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library Hannah Bennett Director

Founded in 1982, the mission of this Center is to advance the interdisciplinary study of American architecture, urbanism, and landscape.

A separately endowed entity within GSAPP, the Buell Center sponsors research, workshops, public programs, publications, and awards.

Housing Lab Mario Gooden Cecily King Faculty Advisors Jules Kleitman ’22 MArch Jonathan Marty ’22 MSUP Danielle Roberts ’22 MSUP Graduate Research Assistants Bernadette Baird-Zars ’22 PhD IDC Fellowship Recipient

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Center for Resilient Cities and Landscapes Kate Orff Faculty Director Thaddeus Pawlowski Managing Director Established in 2018, this Center uses planning and design to help communities and ecosystems adapt to the pressures of urbanization, inequality, and climate uncertainty.

Center for Spatial Research Laura Kurgan Director Dare Brawley Assistant Director Dan Miller Staff Associate III Juan Moreno Associate Research Scholar Jia Zhang Associate Research Scholar This Center was established in 2015 as a hub for urban research that links design, architecture, urbanism, the humanities, and data science.

Extraction Lab Christoph a. Kumpusch Global Africa Lab Mabel O. Wilson Mario Gooden

Natural Materials Lab Lola Ben-Alon Post Conflict Cities Lab Hiba Bou Akar Urban Design Lab Richard Plunz Embodied Energy Project David Benjamin Urban Heritage, Sustainability, and Social Inclusion Initiative Erica Avrami Collecting Architecture Territories Mark Wasiuta GSAPP Incubator Prize Summer Workshops

Making Studio Josh Jordan Director Yonah Elorza Manager Preservation Technology Lab Jorge Otero-Pailos Director Mika Tal Manager

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Unbroken Windows digital archive UNBROKEN WINDOWS Unbroken Windows is a digital archive that traces the spatial cultures of Broken Windows policing organized and researched during the summer of 2021 by the Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture in collaboration with the Queens Museum’s “Year of Uncertainty” (YoU). The incomplete but evocative annotated sources collected on the project website (unbrokenwindows.queensmuseum. org) attempts to trace the contours of a particularly potent moment of cultural production in New York City in order to more easily identify, denaturalize, and ultimately change its ongoing effects in the spaces around us. The six initial category tags: “Research 1961–1993,” “News,” “NYPD,” “Arts & Culture,” “Elections,” and “Legislation” indicate just some of the social realms in which Broken Windows circulates. With short, framing summaries and certain passages highlighted in the sources themselves, the Buell Center’s aim is not simply to better explain the original and still impactful cultural context of Broken Windows, but to gesture toward a new one. Rather than recapitulating debates about the theory of policing — which have largely been decided even if they continue in new forms — this archive aims to read between the lines of that debate’s formative stages. Logical fallacies, emotional assertions, and prejudicial assumptions feel just as familiar as the built spaces that they informed. At the same time, the perhaps less-than-familiar fact that those spaces remain, and are often reproduced today, is newly deserving of critical attention.

Columbia GSAPP

GREEN RECONSTRUCTION: A CURRICULAR TOOLKIT FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT In 2021, the Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture released Green Reconstruction: A Curricular Toolkit for the Built Environment in a digital format, which was followed by a print edition. The publication is organized to suggest different ways of learning together. Introductory material lays out the stakes and goals; a dossier of assessments and suggestions regarding how we learn offers pre-curricular back doors into long-established pedagogical practices, through which new strategies might be introduced. To activate these possibilities, a subsequent section outlines sample course content with an “object lesson” connecting three small American cities that raises questions that must be addressed for anything like Green Reconstruction to be conceivable.

This section is divided between a planningoriented description of these cities from the perspective of built environment professionals working in each, and an architecture-oriented visual survey of their respective fabrics. A brief conclusion puts the sample material in context, looking to the challenges ahead. The book was edited by Reinhold Martin, Jacob R. Moore, and Jordan Steingard.

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<TEMPLE HOYNE BUELL CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE> Lucia Allais Director Jacob Moore Associate Director Jordan Steingard Program Manager

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Green Reconstruction: A Curricular Toolkit for the Built Environment

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Joseph Kunkel

Timothy Mitchell

Starting in Spring 2022, the Buell Center began hosting a series of conversations among scholars, designers, and cultural producers whose work clarifies architecture’s imbrications with land in the Americas.

This plural, Americas, helps decenter the concept of “American Architecture” in two ways: by connecting building practices across the Western Hemisphere, and by recognizing that there are several Americas within the United States.

Not too long ago, “American Architecture” was an unambiguous formulation, but today there is clearly no such single cultural product. If “land” seems especially ripe for architectural rethinking, then, it is because it has given many permission to think about history in grand metaphorical terms: that America was built like a building, as one thing, in one place. Undoing this myth is no easy task, however. The Buell Center privileges stories and projects that reveal the highly technical ways these landed imaginaries continue to affect how the built environment is designed and inhabited. On February 24, 2022, the event On Trust Land featured a conversation between Joseph Kunkel (MASS Design Group) and Teresa Montoya (University of Chicago). Counting Land, held on March 24, 2022, organized a conversation between Benedict Clouette (GSAPP) and Alma Steingart (Columbia University). On April 7, 2022, the event Making the Land Pay brought together Stéphanie Barral (French National Institute for Agronomic and Environmental Research) and Timothy Mitchell (Columbia University).

Alma Steingart

Benedict Clouette Stéphanie Barral

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Teresa Montoya

CONVERSATIONS ON ARCHITECTURE AND LAND IN AND OUT OF THE AMERICAS

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<CENTER FOR RESILIENT CITIES AND LANDSCAPES> Kate Orff Faculty Director Thaddeus Pawlowski Managing Director

During the spring 2022 semester, the Center for Resilient Cities and Landscapes (CRCL) partnered with the Resilient Reefs Initiative; Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute; Belize Fisheries Department; and Ministry for Blue Economy and Civil Aviation to deliver a Water Urbanisms Urban Design Studio and Accelerator Workshop. The goal was to clarify the challenges of both the rapid development along Belize’s coast and climate change — which is reshaping the coastline, land- and seascapes, and communities — and to align with stakeholders on possible strategies for improving outcomes at multiple scales and visualize future scenarios.

The virtual workshop organized from January 24-29, 2022 convened local partners, stakeholders, and interdisciplinary academics to ground the partnership in mutual learning and understanding of local policy and action.

The workshop and subsequent studio explored and co-designed a set of design principles, place-specific research, and conceptual design sketches that test those principles with students and faculty from the University of Belize, local stakeholders, subject-matter experts, and public agencies. The studio spent a semester unpacking how marine and fisheries restoration; climate mitigation; and an increase in local jobs and prosperity can combine across the system at different sites and scales.

They explored positive, regenerative “ridge to roof to reef” visions for key towns, cities, and farms along the coast by focusing on green-blue infrastructure; eco-tourism; oceanbased renewable energy including wind and tidal; new housing and urban typologies; coastal design and zoning strategies; and regenerative agriculture. Research and visualized design development scenarios prepared in the studio inspired the ongoing planning and engagement work of the Resilience Strategy, Coastal Zone Management Plan Update, and the Ministry for the Blue Economy Strategy.

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RESILIENT COASTAL DEVELOPMENT IN BELIZE STUDIO AND WORKSHOP

Resilient Coastal Development in Belize Workshop

HEALING SEA COUNTRY AND RESTORING THE REEF WORKSHOP WITH TRADITIONAL OWNERS

This workshop on November 2, 2021 in Carnarvon, Australia was designed and delivered through the Resilient Reefs Initiative and the Resilience Accelerator program, a partnership with between the Great Barrier Reef Foundation and the Center for Resilient Cities and Landscapes (CRCL).

It brought together Traditional Owners (TOs), the Ningaloo Department of Biodiversity, Conservation, and Attractions (DBCA), MARS Sustainable Solutions, and the Minderoo Foundation. The workshop began a process of defining aspirations for the healing of Sea Country, the role of restoration in joint management of the reef between TOs and the DBCA, and opportunities for TOs to engage in restoration trialling.

This workshop served as an important starting point for ongoing conversations and efforts. It created space for TOs to talk about their perspectives and values, and discuss opportunities for meaningful TO engagement during restoration experiment planning and implementation. Findings from this workshop are synthesized in a report and are intended to help inform future engagement around restoration activities within the broader context of Joint Management between DBCA and the TO Joint Management Body (JMB), as well as researchers and TO communities in Ningaloo.

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Healing Sea Country and Restoring the Reef Report CLIMATE JUSTICE IN OUR OWN BACKYARD SEMINAR This course was led during the Fall 2021 semester by CRCL Managing Director Thaddeus Pawlowski. The objective was to build a tool to better communicate how climate change is affecting New York City’s neighborhoods differently due to their diverse natural and built environment, demographics, and cultural histories, and to advance conversations with government agencies and other stakeholders to ground adaptation strategies and policies in a real and relatable geography.

Learning objectives included: understanding climate change adaptation and resilience planning at a local level in New York City — not only the relevant plans and policies, but the motivations and perspectives of the people and institutions working on them right now; developing workshop skills, which are indispensable for all urban planners and urban designers interested in the multidisciplinary collaboration demanded by the climate crisis; developing personal and professional perspectives on climate justice; and cultivating creativity and collaboration in the service of building a more resilient and just city.

<CENTER FOR SPATIAL RESEARCH> Laura Kurgan Director Dare Brawley Assistant Director Dan Miller Staff Associate III Juan Moreno Associate Research Scholar Jia Zhang Associate Research Scholar

MAPPING HISTORICAL NEW YORK: A DIGITAL ATLAS LAUNCH On Oct 27, 2021, the Center for Spatial Research celebrated the official launch of Mapping Historical New York: A Digital Atlas, an interactive map that visualizes Manhattan’s and Brooklyn’s transformations during the late-19th and early-20th centuries. Drawing on 1850, 1880, and 1910 census data, it shows how migration, residential, and occupational patterns shaped the city.

The Digital Atlas breaks new ground by locating each person counted in the Census at their home address, sometimes before the street grid was even established. Thus far, the maps include 6.5 million unique census records for 1850, 1880, and 1910, matched to home locations in Manhattan and Brooklyn.

This is an ongoing project that will expand to include all five boroughs up to the 1940 census over the next three years.

Mapping Historical New York is the result of a multi-year interdisciplinary collaboration between Columbia University’s Department of History and the Center for Spatial Research at GSAPP, and funded by the Robert David Lion Gardiner Foundation.

The project team included Laura Kurgan, Mae Ngai, and Rebecca Kobrin (Principal Investigators); Wright Kennedy (Project Lead); Dan Miller (Research Associate); and Dare Brawley (Research Associate).

Mapping Historical New York project team

What is an Index? website

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Mapping Historical New York: A Digital Atlas website

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WHAT IS AN INDEX?

CSR-ORGANIZED COURSES

Indices rank places. They are important because they can be used to guide the distribution of resources from the top down under different circumstances. How an area compares to others when considering a particular set of factors could effect how its needs are prioritized and therefore met.

Indices are also made to compare places in terms of livability or growth, these comparisons determine which cities are more attractive to potential residents.

Indices are made and published by federal, state, and local government agencies, universities, research nonprofits, as well as for profit companies.

This project compares data for 8 national indices, as well as the census measures that go into 15 additional indices to provide an overview of how indices are made, by whom, and for what purpose.

The project team included Jia Zhang (Project Lead) and Adeline Chum (Research Assistant).

The Center for Spatial Research offers multiple semester-long courses each year that are open to students from GSAPP and the Arts & Sciences as well as an intensive summer session methods workshop for faculty. The courses are designed to encourage humanities and architecture scholars and students to integrate data-driven approaches into their teaching and research and to foster a new generation of criticallyminded data-literate scholars and data-based scholarship. Courses offered during the 2021– 2022 academic year included:

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ASIAN AMERICAN DOT DENSITY MAP The 2019 American Community Survey estimates that there are 22.19 million persons living in the United States who self-identify as Asian in answer to the Census race question.

Asian Americans are highly visible on national maps, but almost always as an uniform group represented by 1 color. The Asian American Dot Density map represents each Asian American as 1 dot color coded by 21 different racial groups found in Census data. The map reveals the complex spatial dynamics of specific Asian racial groups in places across the country.

The project team included Jia Zhang (Project Lead) and Adeline Chum (Research Assistant).

Asian American Dot Density website

Critical Cartographies Bruno Bosteels Conflict Urbanism Laura Kurgan Mapping for Architecture, Urbanism and the Humanities Juan Moreno Points Unknown: Cartographic Narrative Michael Krisch, Juan Francisco Saldarriaga Architecture and Migration in New York Ignacio G. Galán Data Visualization for Architecture, Urbanism, and the Humanities Jia Zhang Hydropolitics in Madagascar Zoë Crossland Eric C Glass Methods in Spatial Research Dare Brawley

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<LABS AND INITIATIVES>

The Future of the Corpse: Changing Ecologies of Death and Disposition was edited by Karla Rothstein, who directs the Death Lab, and Christina Staudt in 2021.

EXTRACTION LAB Christoph a. Kumpusch The Extraction Lab is where architects go to remember whatever the hell is relevant, research-driven, and worthy of dissemination on new platforms. Informational outreach, ideas exposition, and technique prototyping cannot be left to external agents, they must be embedded as constituent parts of a new architectural practice. The laboratory is not so interested in the latest technological hype, but on using the latest environmental technology in an off-label way to foster architectural understanding, community involvement and environmental awareness both inside and outside the discipline(s).

GLOBAL AFRICA LAB Mabel O. Wilson and Mario Gooden Through design methods and research aided by new technologies and media, Global Africa Lab explores the spatial topologies of the African

continent and its diaspora. GAL’s innovative research and pedagogical agenda examines how the unique political histories and the contemporary forces of globalization shape the architecture, urbanism, culture and ecologies of these places.

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DEATH LAB Karla Rothstein The Death Lab is a trans-disciplinary research and design space focused on reconceiving how we live with death in the metropolis. Death Lab makes it possible for dynamic minds to come together to engage the complex challenges of our individual and collective mortality.

The lab is changing how people think about death. At the core of Death Lab is a team of leading researchers, scholars, experts, and designers from fields that enable the Lab to engage both intimate and infrastructural urban concerns. The Lab’s ambition is to develop design strategies that can be prototyped, built, and experienced by the public. The Lab is dedicated to plausible possibility.

HOUSING LAB Mario Gooden and Cecily King Faculty Advisors Jules Kleitman ’22 MArch, Jonathan Marty ’22 MSUP, Danielle Roberts ’22 MSUP Graduate Research Assistants Bernadette Baird-Zars ’22 PhD IDC Fellowship Recipient The Housing Lab brings together faculty and students from across the disciplines represented at GSAPP and at large to leverage expertise around some of the most critical challenges facing urban housing today. Using a design approach, the Lab creates meaningful collaborations and practical opportunities for architects, developers, and planners to advance interdisciplinary work and promote creative methods and bold interventions for affordable, adaptive, and resilient housing. The Lab is a locus for testing and demonstrating methods of practice-based scholarship and pedagogy.

The Housing Lab was launched with support from the IDC Foundation.

URBAN DESIGN LAB Richard Plunz The Earth Institute Urban Design Lab (UDL) works to find innovative solutions to the sustainable development issues confronting cities. The UDL conducts multidisciplinary applied design research in collaboration with community-based organizations and other public and private interests. The UDL’s team works closely with outside experts in architecture, ecology, economics, environmental science, public health, urban design, and urban planning.

POST CONFLICT CITIES LAB Hiba Bou Akar The core mission of the Post Conflict Cities Lab is to develop, through research, practice, and pedagogy, alternatives to current postconflict planning and reconstruction projects.

As cities are increasingly becoming the main stages to acts of tension, violence, and conflict, there is critical demand for researchers and practitioners to respond to the challenges of rebuilding post-conflict cities. However, post-conflict planning and reconstruction projects have often increased exclusion of vulnerable populations and hardened religious, racial, and ethnic

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segregation, causing new rounds of violence, sometimes even sowing the seeds for future conflict. Underpinning this paradox is a lack of understanding of how urban planning processes and practices can produce inclusive geographies in diverse post-conflict contexts.

Through examining the implications of postconflict planning interventions in cities globally, the Post Conflict Cities Lab’s work aims to develop methodological, empirical, and theoretical approaches to planning in contested spaces.

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NATURAL MATERIALS LAB Lola Ben-Alon The Natural Materials Lab promotes equitable design using natural, readily available, lowcarbon, non-toxic, and uncalcined building materials. Research and teaching undertaken at the lab craft new ways to understand and imagine socially equitable and environmentally sustainable futures, by fostering connections across the arts, humanities, and engineering.

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URBAN HERITAGE, SUSTAINABILITY, AND SOCIAL INCLUSION INITIATIVE Erica Avrami This collaborative project of the Center for Sustainable Urban Development (CSUD), GSAPP, and The American Assembly, examines historic preservation as a sustainable and sociallyinclusive urban policy tool. It has been generously funded by the New York Community Trust. The initiative engages researchers, government officials, and practitioners in a series of three symposia and related publications, to advance the collaborative processes needed to inform the next generation of preservation policy. Many government agencies dealing with preservation lack the mandate and the resources to independently explore emerging questions about policy, and the same is often true for not-for-profit and community groups. Though scholarly research on the topic is expanding, it remains fragmented. This initiative aims to counter that fragmentation and foster communication and collective action toward socially and environmentally responsive change.

The Natural Materials Lab’s Grounded Chairs project is an ongoing series of experiments that speculate traditional uses of clay and fibers. The first experimental iteration, Jandug, was constructed using a bamboo skeleton integrated with light straw clay and cob.

EMBODIED ENERGY PROJECT David Benjamin The Embodied Energy Project aims to uncover key questions, issues, and opportunities for architectural design in the context of embodied energy. Awareness of embodied energy within the architecture, engineering, and construction industry is increasing, but the term is often not completely understood. In addition, levels of embodied energy are often difficult to calculate based on lack of comprehensive data and on a few different definitions of what is included in the calculation. This project outlines some of the details involved in defining embodied energy.

Erica Avrami, who directs the Urban Heritage, Sustainability, and Social Inclusion Initiative, published Preservation, Sustainability, and Equity with Columbia Books on Architecture and the City in 2021.

COLLECTING ARCHITECTURE TERRITORIES Mark Wasiuta This initiative proposes that the historical institution of the museum, forged by the culture of the Enlightenment, is no longer sufficient to describe the expanded territory in which the practices of artists, collectors, curators, and architects now operate.

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<FACILITIES>

Located on the lower floors of Avery Hall, the world’s leading architectural library supports the work of students and faculty at the School by providing, within a series of spaces designed for study and learning, a wealth of research materials and outstanding reference and access services. The Avery Architectural Library was founded in 1890, following a gift to Columbia by Samuel Putnam Avery. The university’s Fine Arts Library was added in 1978 and the re-named Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library. It holds over 400,000 non-circulating books and periodicals related to architecture, urban planning, art history, archaeology, historic preservation, and the decorative arts.

Avery Library holds over one million documents in its Drawings and Archives collection, and it also produces the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals, now an operating program of the J. Paul Getty Trust.

Begun in 1934, it is the most extensive periodical index in the field of architecture, and provides citations to over 600,000 articles in architectural and related periodicals.

Participants in the Summer 2021 Summer workshop Model Fictions working in the GSAPP Making Studio.

MAKING STUDIO Joshua Jordan, Director Yonah Elorza, Manager

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AVERY ARCHITECTURAL AND FINE ARTS LIBRARY Hannah Bennett, Director

The Making Studio is the name for Columbia GSAPP’s collective fabrication enterprise. It encompasses physical tool shops and digital fabrication services as well as ongoing collaborations with studios and courses; guests and external colleagues; and of course the people who work in and support the shops and making culture.

Imagined as an extension of the design studio, the Making Studio is a resource open to all Columbia GSAPP students, providing material, technical, and design support for all modeling, building, and making endeavors at the school. Staffed primarily by students, the shops are a space for both productive hustle and experimentation, and are meant to be open and welcoming to all design students, regardless of prior fabrication or shop experience.

Avery Library. Photo by Ofer Wolberger.

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PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGY LAB Jorge Otero-Pailos, Director Mika Tal, Manager The Preservation Technology Laboratory enables cutting-edge research in preservation digital technology, materials science, and aesthetics.

The Lab is equipped with expanded digital technology capacities, new scanning equipment (a Lucida Sub-Millimetric Scanner and drone, for example), advanced data processing hardware and software (photogrammetry), and non-destructive probing equipment (thermal cameras, humidity sensors, crack monitoring).

The Lab is intended to support studios and is at the center of courses such as Traditional Building Technology, Modern Building Technology, and Investigative Techniques for Laboratory and Field. The lab promotes research into unique applications that combine materials science and digital technologies, with particular emphasis on replication and adaptive reuse, as well as the aesthetic implications of these technologies.

Preservation Technology Lab. Photo by Miguel de Guzmán.

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As a platform for entrepreneurship and expanded modes of practice, the GSAPP Incubator Prize supports alumni-led projects that bridge critical discourse with active practice and engagement. The Prize encourages a wide range of experiments while focusing on a specific topic of inquiry each year, and in 2021 was aligned with the School’s ongoing work of advancing racial equity in the built environment as outlined in the GSAPP Anti-Racism Action Plan. The 2021-2022 GSAPP Incubator Prize was dedicated to supporting new forms of anti-racist professional practice and sought to fund alumni-led initiatives that critically redefine community engagement and participation. Special consideration was given to proposals serving BIPOC communities, in particular projects that engage communities in Harlem. Columbia GSAPP awarded ten prizes of $10,000 per selected projects to individuals or teams of no more than two members. Projects were led by GSAPP alumni from across the school’s programs who graduated between 2007 and 2021. Recipients of the 2021-2022 GSAPP Incubator Prize included:

Fabrizio Furiassi and Catherine Ahn

Cheryl Wing-Zi Wong

Nelson De Jesus Ubri ’21 MArch/MSRED Mustafa Faruki ’10 MArch Luiza Furia ’20 MArch Fabrizio Furiassi ’19 MSAAD Aayushi Joshi ’20 MSAAD Zarith Pineda ’17 MSAUD Luis Miguel Pizano ’21 MArch/MSRED Parul Sharma ’15 MSAUD Adam Susaneck ’20 MArch Luciana Varkulja ’12 MSAAD Cheryl Wing-Zi Wong ’10 MArch

Zarith Pineda

Luis Miguel Pizano and Nelson De Jesus Ubri

Research

2021-2022 GSAPP INCUBATOR PRIZE

Abstract 2022

<SECTION E> NELSON DE JESUS UBRI ’21 M.ARCH/MSRED LUIS MIGUEL PIZANO ’21 M.ARCH/MSRED Community Development Toolkit & Clinic

Research

Community Equity Investigators (CE-I) aims to examine the viability of novel shared ownership and community equity models at the predevelopment stage, during which eighty to ninety percent of the project’s value is created.

Through this work, CE-I supports community interest in greater agency at the grass-roots level, which leads to increased affordability, shared equity and generational wealth.

CE-I’s primary vehicle for equity exploration is the Community Development Toolkit & Clinic project. Built in collaboration with local non-profit partners, the toolkit generates a framework for community work on financial feasibility studies, site acquisition analyses, and conceptual architectural schemes. This framework sets up the foundation for CE-I’s Community Development Clinic series, which are run within vacant, high-visibility storefronts in Harlem and the Bronx. The clinic’s dual objective is to serve community developers, non-profit organizations, and tenant groups with an expressed interest in piloting real estate projects while revitalizing the streetscape in recovering COVID-19 hotspots.

The project’s geographic foci comprise four of the Neighborhood Tabulation Areas (NTAs) with the highest eviction filing rate across Harlem and the South Bronx: Central Harlem South (MN11, ~18%), Washington Heights (M36, ~20%), East Tremont (BX17, ~35%), and Claremont Village (BX30, ~38%).

Community Development Toolkit & Clinic by Nelson De Jesus Ubri and Luis Miguel Pizano

499 MUSTAFA FARUKI ’10 M.ARCH Reimagine Architecture The deficit of Black voices in architecture, pronouncedly registering itself in our present condition in which 48 million Black people in America (amounting to 15% of the population) must live their lives in a built environment generated by a body of professionals that is 98% non-black, is unethical and staggering.

That this asymmetry is reproduced in and produced by the architectural academy are facts that, by now, should provoke little serious debate.

Reimagine Architecture is an afterschool program that addresses this obviously exclusionary practice by catalyzing a new interest in pursuing architectural education among BIPOC high school students at the Buffalo Academy of Visual and Performing Arts (BAVPA). The program channels this interest towards the development of competitive applications for admission into undergraduate architecture programs. Reimagine Architecture additionally fosters a cross-pollination between participating students at BAVPA and undergraduate architecture students in “The X Project,” a design research seminar held at the University at Buffalo School of Architecture and Planning in the Spring of 2022.

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Columbia GSAPP

Central and East Harlem have recently topped the charts as Manhattan’s least digitally connected districts. Both of their Community Board statements feature access to stable wifi as a priority, pointing to the digital divide between low- and highincome families that have widened during the Covid-19 pandemic. As internet access has become essential to obtaining vital health information, public assistance, and education, the project aims to provide tangible and immediate relief for households lacking this very basic infrastructure.

Uni(wi)fied proposes the construction of community-owned wifi networks for underserved communities in Harlem. The project sought the design and development of free wifi “antenna” structures to be placed along residential streets of the neighborhood, incorporating artistic contributions from local BIPOC artists while providing stable and free, high-quality, high-speed internet service for all residents.

In its inaugural year, the project focuses on prototyping structures that house and elevate wifi nodes for one or more testing sites. These nodes serve as catalysts for expanding a selfsustaining wifi system in Harlem and delivering sculptural and culturally-grounded structures that demarcate a new model of community empowerment. The project engages and partners with local institutions and activists in Harlem.

Uni(Wi)Fied by Fabrizio Furiassi and Catherine Ahn

Research

FABRIZIO FURIASSI ’19 MSAAD WITH CATHERINE AHN Uni(Wi)Fied

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AAYUSHI JOSHI ’20 MSAAD We, Mumbaikars

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This research project sought to investigate and document the repercussions of Mumbai’s infrastructural development on the indigenous occupational-driven settlement. The Koli Community and “Koliwada” form an important heritage that represents the remnants of the culture, trade, livelihood, and evidence of the rich history of Mumbai’s birth. The community is a self-sustaining settlement that practices fishing off its coast, forming the biggest supply of seafood in Mumbai. However, community members are barely educated out of their family business.

As the “Maximum City” has been developing, Koliwada, the original habitant of Mumbai, has been a victim of urbanization policies, relocation threats, flood severities, and sanitation hazards. The latest, irreversible threat today is the ongoing construction of a massive 8-lane, 18 mile coastal road around the western land of Mumbai, that has altered the coastal landscape of the city.

The project seeks to build a critical system that observes and strategizes the inclusion of many such communities. The project looks to generate contemporary solutions to environmental and policy-driven city changes that eventually structure an inclusive city.

Segregation is Killing Us

by Zarith Pineda

ZARITH PINEDA ’17 MSAUD Segregation is Killing Us Women and people of color have been largely excluded from architecture and urban planning in NYC. Instead, it has been shaped by folks who don’t understand the needs of the communities they serve, harming marginalized residents through exclusionary planning practices. Our city was carefully designed to favor certain folks at the expense of others, and consequently, efforts to mediate this trauma and achieve equity must be equally deliberate. Today in NYC, Black and Latinx residents are twice as likely to die from COVID-19, communities already struggling have been devastated. To that end, Territorial Empathy—a design collective founded by Zarith Pineda in 2019—has been studying the disparate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on historically marginalized neighborhoods. The research is presented in a multimedia platform titled Segregation is Killing Us. Its continued spatial analysis has uncovered vast inequities in outcomes depending on race, socioeconomic status, and location. Since its launch, Segregation is Killing Us has been used to support equitable education, civic engagement, and housing policies as part of the citywide recovery effort.

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Globally, road traffic injuries are the eighth leading cause of death. Over 50% of all road traffic deaths in the world occur amongst vulnerable road users, i.e. pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists, and over 90% of road fatalities occur in low- and middleincome countries. In 2020, the UN General Assembly declared 2021-2030 as the Decade of Action for Road Safety. It targets preventing at least 50% of road traffic deaths and injuries by 2030, placing special attention to the needs of the most vulnerable.

To make cities safer, accessible, and navigable by all types of road users, infrastructure, education, and policy must be accompanied by relevant, dynamic information about one’s urban surroundings and street conditions. However, most navigation apps today primarily focus on the needs of motorists, leaving out or inadequately addressing the needs of pedestrians and cyclists. A smart navigation app and tech platform based on AI, crowdsourced data, and hyper-local urban information catering to non-motorised transport (NMT) users can bridge this information gap. City Scanner does just that through crowdsourced information and smarter navigation to improve the mobility experience of all vulnerable road users.

As the road crash fatalities capital of the world, two-thirds of India’s daily urban workforce commutes to work on foot, bicycle or motorcycle. New Delhi, its capital, incurs the most road fatalities of all Indian cities, annually, and is a major megalopolis in the Global South. Due to its high scope of impact and replicability in the region, the city serves as the pilot location to improve urban mobility for all.

City Scanner by Parul Sharma

LUIZA FURIA ’20 M.ARCH Hack the HVAC (...Or, Breathing is Not a Metaphor) The history of mechanical air conditioning is the history of the American model of comfort.

It is also a history of racial segregation and of the destruction of everyday places of antiracist resistance. The comfort defined in 20th century America by a white middle class is in conflict with the survival of those who are otherwise vulnerable. Breathing has become a political category. Breath, or lack thereof, has become a stand-in for the oppression and the invalidation of Black lives in the U.S., ever since Eric Garner uttered, “I can’t breathe.” But Breathing is not a metaphor.

Breathing is enmeshed with cognitive and emotional functions, and unlike other physiological processes, breathing is under our direct control. Incredibly, volitionally controlled change in respiratory behavior can systematically modulate cortical activity.

Can conscious breathing become a tool to develop strategies of resistance to the current political crisis?

Hack the HVAC is a research and design project that explores actuated environments for embodied ethics and activism. This project translates research in cognition, breath, and collectivity into a fabricated architectural prototype that physically manifests users’ breathing. Personal respiration frequencies are integrated with architectural air systems as individual breath is recorded and reflected. Individual breath frequency is used to control the surrounding environment, while the environment in turn affects breath.

AC needs to be refashioned in service of those lost small everyday places of resistance. Hack the HVAC serves to undermine the dominant models of the comfort zone that have been dictated to us and explore comfort as a means of building collectivity instead of as an end in itself.

Research

PARUL SHARMA ’15 MSAUD City Scanner

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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Research

This ongoing project aims to document the destruction of communities of color due to red-lining, “urban renewal,” and freeway construction. Through a series of stark aerial before-and-after comparisons, figure-ground diagrams, and demographic data, this project visually reveals the extent to which the American city was methodically hollowed out based on race. The project covers the roughly 180 municipalities which received federal funding from the 1956 Federal Highway Act, which created the interstate highway system.

Since the creation of the Interstate, freeway planning has been an integral tool in the systematic, government-led segregation of American cities. Used not only as a direct means to destroy the communities in their paths, freeways have also been used to cement racial segregation and ensure its endurance.

Working synergistically with the legacy of redlining, freeway planning became the ultimate enforcement mechanism: literal walls of concrete and smog that separated black communities from white. In the name of the thinly veiled racist policies of “urban renewal,” the freeways took the red lines off the map and built them in the physical world.

This project makes salient not only those displaced directly in the paths of the freeways themselves, but also how these freeways have deliberately cemented an enduring segregation. This project is intended to be a visual companion to such works as Richard Rothstein’s Color of Law, and Heather McGhee’s The Sum of Us, going city-by-city to see how the tactics of segregation played out on the ground. In addition, this project provides materials and support to local groups opposing freeway expansion, such as the proposed expansions to the I45 in Houston and the I5 in Portland (each of which would displace hundreds).

503 CHERYL WING-ZI WONG ’10 M.ARCH Reflective Urbanisms, Mapping NY Chinatown This project tells stories about New York’s Manhattan Chinatown community through its architecture. By cataloging the transformations NY Chinatown’s architecture has undergone over time, and by collecting stories that span generations about its streets, buildings, and activities, this project documents the histories of asystematically marginalized and ignored place and its people.

This project is a New York-specific edition of a body of work initiated several years ago that focuses on Chinatown’s architectural stories: including retracing the histories of Calgary Chinatown’s buildings through its community stories, publications, and dialogues with a greater network of Chinatowns across North America to build resilience amidst the pandemic’s disproportionate impact on our Chinatowns.

With Reflective Urbanisms: Mapping NY Chinatown, stories are gathered through community engagement sessions and interviews with the owners, stewards and residents of Manhattan Chinatown buildings, in addition to photographed portraits of these community members alongside the structures themselves. A compendium of these stories are shared online in an interactive map. The project aims to empower our Chinatown community to honor, celebrate and preserve our stories by telling, and re-writing, our personal and community histories.

Reflective Urbanisms, Mapping NY Chinatown

by Cheryl Wing-zi Wong

Segretation by Design by Adam Susaneck

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Research

Columbia GSAPP

Envisioning Climate: A Virtual Reality Workshop Vanessa Keith Andrew Homick Other Natures Michael Wang Building Biography: A Living Archive of Columbia GSAPP Caitlyn Campbell Model Fictions Joshua Jordan Multigenerational Housing for New York City Hilary Sample Pushing past 2020: Looking for Equitable Solutions to Post Covid New York City Victor Body-Lawson An Atlas of Dust Jorge Otero-Pailos New Paradigms of Residual Space Douglas Woodward Sybil Wa Streets for People Fabrizio Prati Majed Abdulsamad

Research

2021 SUMMER WORKSHOPS Faculty-led summer workshops assemble students from across the School’s programs for intensive cross-disciplinary study opportunities that revolve around particular questions. Workshops organized during the Summer 2021 semester included:

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Estefania Serrano

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ENVISIONING CLIMATE: A VIRTUAL REALITY WORKSHOP Vanessa Keith, Andrew Homick May 17 – 28, 2021

Emily Ruopp, Sebastian Salas

This workshop focused on a superfund site adjacent to the Gowanus Canal in Brooklyn to look at how various warming scenarios would impact NYC. The workshop explored the persuasive power of VR and created immersive experiences aimed at spurring people towards empathy as well as action. It intended to spark innovation and prepare students to become civically engaged professionals at this pivotal moment in our collective history.

Each group was asked to prepare an experience showing different alternate realities on the site. The scenarios portrayed in each piece show the same site transformed by different choices—ones that we are actively in the process of making in the present. Decisions humans make now have as their end result anywhere from 1°C to 6°C of warming.

What does that actually look like? Students considered how the immersive environments they created would shift between different states. Each group also chose from a series of environmental challenges (hurricanes, wildfires, flooding, etc.) loosely organized by element (fire, air, water, and earth), selecting two of these as anchors.

Fan Liu, Nile Meridian Johnson

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Research Jerry Zhao Mariami Maghlakelidze

This workshop understood NYC as a complex web of human and non-human systems, actors, alliances, and effects. Nature, as it is represented in the monuments, institutions, and artworks that define public life in the city, emerges from this already hybrid matrix.

Participants uncovered how natural-human relations have been understood and represented in the city historically and today in both art and architecture. Looking at the institutional and the underground, expressions of power and critiques of power, participants developed a collective attunement to the ways in which nature is expressed within the public culture of the city. Key questions included: How have definitions of nature and the human changed over time? How have New York’s colonial, industrial, and capitalist histories shaped these categories? How has public art shaped or reflected changing human-natural relationships in the city? How can we expand the role of public art and architecture to reflect other possible human-natural relations?

The workshop participants: selected an under-represented human-natural system embedded within the fabric of NYC; researched existing cultural knowledge of this system; mapped or modeled the unique properties and behaviors of the system; and designed, modeled, created, performed, or enacted a work that makes this system more visible or experiential.

Kaeli Streeter

OTHER NATURES: REPRESENTING HUMAN/NON-HUMAN RELATIONS IN NYC Michael Wang May 17 – 28, 2021

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BUILDING BIOGRAPHY: A LIVING ARCHIVE OF COLUMBIA GSAPP Caitlyn Campbell May 12 – 26, 2021

Research

When one thinks of the practice of architecture, it must be defined by more than its physical structures.

It must be centered around building networks, histories, and identities. Taking on this extended view of the discipline through a biographical lens, this workshop sought to outline who Columbia GSAPP has been, who it is, and who it will become as an institution.

Including students from all programs and backgrounds, the workshop was offered in a hybrid format, and included conversations, interviews, teamwork, and guest speakers.

As a collective group, participants worked through a series of activities to produce a living archive of Columbia GSAPP to reflect the institution as a space of progressive higher learning, interdisciplinary integration, and critical engagement. The purpose of the workshop was to develop an expanded institutional biographical archive of the School to highlight the rich histories of the diverse student body and the school’s presence as an important pillar in the University community, NYC, and the Academy at large. The research undertaken advanced the School’s mission of “developing new forms of pedagogy, research, and practice to engage the crucial issues of our time across all scales of the built environment” through creative methodologies and distinct interventions.

Spanning themes and chronologies, the work traces GSAPP’s past, present and future, through: a reflection of increasing consciousness in pursuit of a more equitable learning environment; collaborative problemsolving, creative curatorial programming and inclusive methodologies; an excavation of the school’s founding and progression, featuring significant events, moments-in-time and people along the way; identification of key historical resources and tools available to best represent and document the diverse GSAPP community and landscape; an alternative form of architectural production and better understanding what it “means” to do so; the production of an ongoing (living) archive carried out over the workshop and which can be expanded upon in the afterlife the project.

The work emphasized a cross-disciplinary approach to narrative historiography; sharing different forms of visual material and documentation to create a non-linear, antimonolithic depiction of the school; utilizing visual storytelling and oral histories to represent the colorful mosaic of GSAPP.

Building Biography website collectively authored by workshop participants

Research

508 MULTIGENERATIONAL HOUSING FOR NYC Hilary Sample May 3 – 17, 2021

Architectural, urban, and landscape design are practices that physically alter the built environment. Importantly, and historically, they are also platforms for the communication of — and argumentation for/against — possible futures for that built environment. This workshop allowed students to participate in this exercise of narrative-making, both physical and virtual, centered around the development of a collective series of stories and models. The model/story assemblage for this workshop speculated on the future of several social, ecological, and societal prompts such as climate, energy, density, safety, and togetherness. What is the capacity for physical models to tell a story, beyond their immediate form?

Two student groups titled Physical and Virtual delineated a team that worked on physical fabrication, and a team that worked on the narrative, overall creative direction, and the documentation of the workshop. The Physical Team produced a series of material and technical experiments in physical fabrication, responding to a series of prompts along the way from both instructors and peers in the workshop. Their work culminated in a large, spatial model or series of models that were tied together ideologically and compositionallywith the help of the virtual team. The Virtual Team produced a series of documentations and digital projects, including a storyboard exercise of the physical models, graphic visualizations of the prompts in question, multimedia components of the physical model, and was responsible for the direction and curation of the physical model.

This workshop addressed the subject of designing collective multigenerational housing in NYC. How does health affect housing? How do multigenerational households function today?

How is the health of dwellers of different ages impacted by the design of housing?

What new observations can be made? How can accessibility and aging in place perform? What are the policies in place? What housing can be designed? To explore these questions through design, the students were led by Professor Hilary Sample and with the NYC Housing Preservation and Development (HPD) team.

Over the course of the workshop, the students’ design proposals were developed and reviewed by HPD sub-committees including the Building and Land Development Services, the Office of Policy and Strategy, Strategic Planning, and Special Needs Housing/Senior Housing programs. Students worked through traditional architectural drawings, utilized contemporary methods of data collection, and developed renderings that were assembled into a booklet and image selection for potential publication.

Projection-mapped models produced as part of the Model Fictions Workshop

Research

MODEL FICTIONS Joshua Jordan May 5 – 17, 2021

Columbia GSAPP

Abstract 2022

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509 STREETS FOR PEOPLE Fabrizio Prati, Majed Abdulsamad May 3 – 14, 2021 Streets make up the largest network of public spaces in any city. And with 70 percent of the global population living in cities by 2050, it is imperative that these spaces be planned, designed, and implemented to be safe, healthy, useful, and sustainable for everyone.

This workshop focused on three streets in Manhattan, Queens, and Brooklyn to examine how we might shift street design parameters from the historical focus on automobile access, travel time, and flow to instead focus on access, safety, and mobility for a variety of users. Streets have always been hybrid but concerns with environmental quality, economic benefit, public health, and user experience have, in recent years, compelled revised approaches to street design and planning.

This workshop introduced terms and representations of street design, examined case studies of global policies and programs, learned about metrics collection for project evaluations, and participated in workshops seeking alternative ways of embracing life on the street.

Lucia Song Jules Kleitman Chrysothemi Kouloumentas

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Research

Mark Melita Shreya Arora Jiabao Sun

Now that the horizon of vaccines appears to be on the verge of bringing an end to social distancing restrictions, will NYC go back to normal? Will this be an opportunity to rethink urban architecture and streetscapes for more pedestrian use? Will swaths of empty office buildings be repurposed as residential buildings? Will climate change and the reduction of long commutes lead to Anne Hildalgo’s “15-minute city” where all people can access daily needs within a short walk or bike ride? Will new and renovated affordable housing become socially equitable to ensure that all types of people are able to live and work there with access to broadband internet, fresh food, public health, and economic growth?

Will public spaces become smart and flexible to accommodate all of the City’s needs?

The methodology for this workshop included lectures and discussions with NYC officials along with community and business leaders, including the NY Economic Development Corporation, NYC Planning Commission, NYC Housing Preservation and Development, and Multifamily Affordable Housing Developers.

Students conducted interviews with civic leaders and visited new affordable multifamily development projects focused on equity, environmental justice, and sustainability. The workshop focused on interpretive comparative and quantitative collaged images that narrate NYC’s approach to environmental equity and post-COVID response urban living solutions.

The collages were printed as provocative posters.

Zuzanna Jarzyńska

PUSHING PAST 2020: LOOKING FOR EQUITABLE SOLUTIONS TO POST-COVID NEW YORK CITY Victor Body-Lawson May 3 – 17, 2021

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AN ATLAS OF DUST Jorge Otero-Pailos May 3 – 14, 2021

Model of Avery Hall’s north facade

Model of dust on Avery Hall’s north facade

Detail of Avery Hall’s north facade

This workshop taught students to document, analyze, and interpret the atmospheric pollution that is encrusted on the building facades of the Columbia campus. Students achieved an understanding of existing buildings as long-term passive environmental sensors that can give us clues to past microclimates.

They worked in and out of the Preservation Technology Lab and in collaboration with the CyArk Foundation, which specializes in the 3D capture of heritage sites, data processing, and creating immersive experiences that convey the power of built heritage.

Project questions included: is it possible to map, document, isolate and visualize in 3D the layer of dust encrusted on building facades? If so, can we recognize discernable patterns of how the dust settled on the facades? What can these dust patterns teach us about the history of the weather and environmental pollution? Can we learn to read buildings as long term environmental sensors encrypted with valuable material data about pollution? Students learned how to process the data into 3D models viewable online; experiment with various digital imaging techniques to isolate the layers of dust on the buildings so they can be visualized independently; analyze and interpret the dust patterns by correlating the 3D maps of dust with historical weather and pollution information, including prevailing winds, yearly rainfall, and historical air quality data; make analyses and interpretations available to the public through tagging videos and documents to the 3D dust patterns and 3D building scans with digital humanities tools.

The workshop resulted in interactive 3D scans of buildings that allow the public to visualize the patterns of pollution and understand their meaning and value for understanding climate change.

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Columbia GSAPP

As part of the city’s path to recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and the devastating effect it has had on the city’s cultural and economic ecosystems, this workshop examined the possibilities that residual space offers as usable, occupiable, and buildable space to adjacent communities, cultural institutions large and small, and to the city as a whole. Emerging from the pandemic are needs, habits, patterns, and priorities that have been met with creative, provisional, and solutions providing clues to how residual space may be transformed into valued civic resources.

Overlooked lots; infrastructural opportunities like the High Line and its tributaries below the structure; performance agoras created out of the public spaces that surround the city’s cultural treasures; pop-up itinerant performances; floating operas, opening streets to help preserve restaurant use–these are some of the idiosyncratic initiatives that have begun to create new paradigms of both performance and everyday use. During the pandemic these thoughtful urban interventions have inspired physical and policy innovations and present a worthy challenge for planners, architects, urban designers, and urbanists generally to help redefine buildings, urban space, and the relationships between them to reconnect to the city’s network of amenities and circulation systems. Interviews and dialogues with significant architects, designers, performers, planners, and community stakeholders who are helping to recreate and celebrate the city’s inextinguishable vitality formed an integral part of the workshop. The opportunity to respond to the equity issues surrounding public space, performing arts, and access to culture was at the core of the workshop’s investigation and work.

The unanimous approval by the City Council to restart outdoor ticketed performing arts events and the ongoing Open Streets Program indicate that political support is already in place to reinvigorate NYC with broader opportunities for recreation, play, learning, dining, commerce, and the arts. The workshop leveraged existing initiatives, and potentially new ones, to propose a coordinated vision for residual space as part of the city’s recovery and permanent transformation. The workshop included: visual analysis; interviews and discussions with architects, urban planners, urban designers, community stakeholders, urbanists, performing arts subject area experts; sketches, models, and individual and team proposals for selected sites; and field trips to MoMA PS1, East Harlem, the High Line, Long Island City, Astoria, and DUMBO, Brooklyn.

Welcoming Gateway under the Manhattan Bridge in Chinatown (Division St.)

Communal space under the Metro North in East Harlem (Park Ave. and E 112th St.)

Research

NEW PARADIGMS OF RESIDUAL SPACE Douglas Woodward, Sybil Wa May 3 – 14, 2021

Intervention in West Harlem (145 Ave.–155 Ave.)

Intervention in West Harlem (125 Ave.–145 Ave.)

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At Columbia GSAPP, public programs play an integral role in fulfilling the School’s responsibility to host a diverse and lively community where unwavering intellectual generosity and the desire to communicate and exchange are the foundation of how students learn and grow together.

Over the fall 2021 and spring 2022 semesters, Columbia GSAPP’s public programming built on the School’s ongoing exploration into issues such as climate change, social equity, as well as the impact of data and technology on the built environment through new forms of practices and collaboration across scales, modes of engagement, and geographies.

Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, guest speakers participated remotely in events hosted during the fall 2021 semester; events were broadcasted to an in-person audience of students and faculty at Columbia GSAPP and live-streamed for virtual attendees. During the spring 2022 semester, most of the invited guests delivered lectures and participated in conversations in person at Columbia GSAPP.

Events

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Associate Dean of Admissions and Outreach Steffen Boddeker Director, Events and Public Programs Lyla Catellier Assistant Director, Events and Communications Lucy Krebsbach

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SPRING 2022 LECTURES

Charles L. Davis II Wanda Dalla Costa (TAW) Mariam Kamara (Atelier Masōmī) Boonserm Premthada (Bangkok Project Studio) Maria Charneco, Alfredo Lérida, Guillermo López, Anna Puigjaner (MAIO) Teresa Caldeira Wonne Ickx (Productora) Elias Anastas and Yousef Anastas* (AAU Anastas) Brigitte Shim* (Shim-Sutcliffe Architects) Amale Andraos* (WORKac)

Brigitte Shim (Shim-Sutcliffe Architects) Elias Anastas and Yousef Anastas (AAU Anastas) Sara Bronin (Paul S. Byard Memorial Lecture) Jay Cephas (Detlef Mertins Lecture on the Histories of Modernity) Andrea Fraser Galia Solomonoff (Solomonoff Architecture Studio) Sean Connelly (After Oceanic) Zhu Pei (Studio Zhu Pei) Olalekan Jeyifous Dorte Mandrup (Dorte Mandrup Arkitekter A/S)

Events

FALL 2021 LECTURES

Columbia GSAPP

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FALL 2021 EVENTS

SPRING 2022 EVENTS

Race, Space and Architecture: Reflections on a Curriculum* Suzi Hall, Huda Tayob, Thandi Loewenson, Emanuel Admassu

2022 Fitch Colloquium: Preservation in China’s Future Dong Gong, Wang Hui, Zhang Ke, Evangelos Kotsioris, Jorge Otero-Pailos, Chloe Weiyi Pei, Martino Stierli, Xu Tiantian, Lu Wenyu, Philip F. Yuan

Leading with the Future Jason Pugh, Pascale Sablan, Kimberly Dowdell, Amale Andraos

Events

Women in Practice | Work in Progress Abby Coover, Bryony Roberts, Elsa Ponce, Lindsey Harkema, Ryan Brooke Thomas, Sera Ghadaki, Sonya Gimon Beirut: From Emergency Patchwork to the Long Term Maureen Abi Ghanem, Iyad Abou Gaida, Yara Akkari, Amale Andraos, Filiep Decorte, Michele Di Marco, Manale Kahale, Elias Khalil, Amina Merkebawi, Serge Yazigi Overheated Kate Aronoff, Alyssa Battistoni, Kian Goh, Patrick Houston, Reinhold Martin Brownsville: Building in Place Genese Morgan, Taurean C. Lewis, Ifeoma Ebo

Graphic Design

by Party of One Studio.

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Towards a Practice* Amale Andraos, Ignacio Urquiza, Carlos Zedillo, Rozana Montiel, Tatiana Bilbao, Francisco Pardo, Héctor Esrawe, Hilary Sample, Natalia Lafourcade, Juanpa Zurita, Alonso de Garay, Fernanda Canales, Carlos Facio, Bosco Sodi, Stefan Brüggemann, Rodrigo Zedillo, Shohei Shigematsu, Jorge Ambrosi, Gabriela Etchegaray, Alberto Kalach, Enrique Norten, Derek Dellekamp, Dan Wood, Manuel Cervantes, Salvador Macías, Diego Baños, Santiago Sánchez-Navarro, Rodrigo Rivero-Borrell

Race, Space and Architecture: Reflections on a Curriculum Suzi Hall, Huda Tayob, Thandi Loewenson, Emanuel Admassu Writing Architectural History: Evidence and Narrative in the Twenty-First Century Matthew Jones, Daniel Abramson, Zeynep Çelik Alexander, Michael Osman, Lucia Allais Conversations on Architecture and Land in the Americas organized by the Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture On Trust Land Joseph Kunkel, Teresa Montoya Counting Land Benedict Clouette, Alma Steingart Making the Land Pay Stéphanie Barral, Timothy Mitchell *Due to unforseen circumstances, these events were postponed.

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Columbia GSAPP

2022 Fitch Colloquium: Preservation in China’s Future March 3–4, 2022 Panel 1 Zhang Ke Xu Tiantian Philip F. Yuan Introduction Jorge Otero-Pailos Martino Stierli Moderator Martino Stierli

Panel 2 Dong Gong Wang Hui Chloe Weiyi Pei Lu Wenyu

Events

This two-day conference critically examined how Chinese architects are engaging with preservation to imagine new forms of creativity and cultural relevance.

Named for the founder of formal preservation education at Columbia University and in the United States, the James Marston Fitch Colloquium became an annual event in 2000. The colloquium invites students, alumni, and guests to engage in discussion over current issues in preservation—attempting to discover and define the leading edge of the discipline.

Introduction Jorge Otero-Pailos Evangelos Kotsioris Moderator Jorge Otero-Pailos

Organized by the Historic Preservation Program at Columbia GSAPP in collaboration with the Museum of Modern Art in New York

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Leading with the Future: Educate, Elevate, and Empower

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For this event, the National Organization of Minority Architects (NOMA) President Jason Pugh ’06 MSAUD and President-Elect Pascale Sablan ’07 MSAAD delivered presentations of their work and activism as designers. They were joined in conversation by immediate past President Kimberly Dowdell. The discussion focused on what’s next for NOMA upon the organization’s 50th anniversary and what it has meant for them to “lift as they rise” in their careers by focusing energy on the development of the next generation of designers.

September 20, 2021 Speakers Jason Pugh Pascale Sablan Moderator Kimberly Dowdell Introduction Amale Andraos Organized by Columbia GSAPP

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Columbia GSAPP

Women in Practice | Work in Progress September 24, 2021 Speakers Abby Coover Sera Ghadaki Sonya Gimon Lindsay Harkema Elsa Ponce Bryony Roberts Ryan Brooke Thomas

Events

The members of Women in Practice (WIP) Collaborative discussed their approach to feminist collaborative design practice and their recent public space project, Restorative Ground, in Lower Manhattan.

WIP Collaborative is a platform that enables independent design professionals to combine their expertise and work together to realize broader impact through shared projects. Founded on feminist principles, WIP supports those who eschew patriarchal conventions and define new narratives of architectural practice through their work.

Distinct from a traditional firm built around a singular identity and authorship, WIP is centered around a way of working as an adaptable framework to meet the needs of its projects and collaborators.

Organized by Columbia GSAPP

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Beirut: From Emergency Patchwork to the Long Term

Events

After two years of economic crisis, the Covid-19 pandemic, and the August 4, 2020 port blast in Beirut, emergency initiatives such as remittances by the diaspora or the transport of essential supplies through commercial travel have temporarily relieved the Lebanese community, ecosystem, and crumbling infrastructures. However, with no centralized or national organization in sight, such efforts are nothing more than patchwork solutions. The livelihoods of communities in Beirut—and beyond—are hinged to this unsteady lifeline of supplies (clean water, food, energy, medication, and more).

How can these initiatives of emergency patchwork transform to long(er)-term solutions and sustained systems that lead to prosperity?

October 8, 2021 Participants Yara Akkari Filiep Decorte Michele Di Marco Manale Kahale Elias Khalil Amina Merkebawi Serge Yazigi Moderators Maureen Abi Ghanem Iyad Abou Gaida Introduction by Amale Andraos Organized by The GSAPP Collective for Beirut (Maureen Abi Ghanem UP PhD, Iyad Abou Gaida ’19 MSAAD, Marylynn Pauline Antaki ’19 MSAAD, Aude Azzi ’18 MSAAD, Charles Hajj ’16 MSAAD) in collaboration with Richard Plunz and Victor Body-Lawson

Events

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Columbia GSAPP

Overheated: How Capitalism Broke the Planet–And How We Fight Back October 14, 2021 Speaker Kate Aronoff Discussants Alyssa Battistoni Kian Goh Patrick Houston Reinhold Martin

Events

Journalist Kate Aronoff delivered a lecture focused on her latest book Overheated: How Capitalism Broke the Planet—and How We Fight Back (Bold Type Books, 2021), followed by a discussion among Alyssa Battistoni, Kian Goh, Patrick Houston, and Reinhold Martin.

Overheated gives an account of the forces that have hijacked progress on climate change and shares a vision of what it will take, politically and economically, to face global warming head-on. Aronoff covers the new denialism taking root in the halls of power, shaped by decades of neoliberal policies and centuries of anti-democratic thinking.

Organized by the Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture

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Brownsville: Building in Place

Events

This conversation among community leaders focused on the progress of The Brownsville Plan. The plan, launched in 2016 through community-driven planning processes, will create over 2,500 affordable homes and support the goals of improving health, safety, community economic development, and the arts. Community leaders Genese Morgan, Brooklyn Community Board 16 Chairperson, and Taurean C. Lewis, Community Engagement Specialist at Brownsville Partnership Inc., discussed the progress of The Brownsville Plan and their efforts working together to revitalize the neighborhood with and for longstanding residents.

October 15, 2021 Speakers Genese Morgan Taurean C. Lewis Moderator Ifeoma Ebo Organized by Columbia GSAPP

Events

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Columbia GSAPP

Race, Space and Architecture: Reflections on a Curriculum March 23, 2022 Speakers Suzi Hall Huda Tayob Thandi Loewenson Moderator Emanuel Admassu Organized by Columbia GSAPP

Events

Race, Space, and Architecture is an open-access curriculum shared of many voices which engages with three questions: What are the spatial contours of capitalism that produce racial hierarchy and injustice? What are the inventive repertoires of refusal, resistance, and re-making that are neither reduced to nor exhausted by racial capitalism and how are they specialized? How is “race” configured differently across space, and how can a more expansive understanding of entangled world space broaden our imagination for teaching a ​ nd learning?

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Writing Architectural History: Evidence and Narrative in the 21st Century

Events

This book discussion was organized to celebrate the launch of Writing Architectural History: Evidence and Narrative in the TwentyFirst Century (University of Pittsburgh Press, 2021).

Over the past two decades, scholarship in architectural history has transformed, moving away from design studio pedagogy and postmodern historicism to draw instead from trends in critical theory focusing on gender, race, the environment, and more recently global history, connecting to revisionist trends in other fields. With examples across space and time—from medieval European coin trials and eighteenth-century Haitian revolutionary buildings to Weimar German construction firms and present-day African refugee camps—Writing Architectural History considers the impact of these shifting institutional landscapes and disciplinary positionings for architectural history.

April 22, 2022 Discussants Matthew Jones Daniel Abramson Zeynep Çelik Alexander Michael Osman Moderator Lucia Allais Organized by the Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture together with the Aggregate Architectural History Collaborative

Events

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Columbia GSAPP

Conversations on Architecture and Land in the Americas Organized by the Temple Hoyne Buell Center for the Study of American Architecture

Events

In 2022, the Buell Center hosted a series of conversations among scholars, designers, and cultural producers whose work clarifies architecture’s imbrications with land in the Americas. This plural, Americas, helps decenter the concept of “American Architecture” in two ways: by connecting building practices across the Western Hemisphere, and by recognizing that there are several Americas within the United States.

Not too long ago, “American Architecture” was an unambiguous formulation, but today there is clearly no such single cultural product.

If “land” seems especially ripe for architectural rethinking, then, it is because it has given many permission to think about history in grand metaphorical terms: that America was built like a building, as one thing, in one place. Undoing this myth is no easy task, however. The Buell Center privileged stories and projects that reveal the highly technical ways these landed imaginaries continue to affect how the built environment is designed and inhabited.

Making the Land Pay April 7, 2022 Discussants Stéphanie Barral Timothy Mitchell Lucia Allais

On Trust Land February 24, 2022

Discussants Joseph Kunkel Teresa Montoya Lucia Allais

Events

<SECTION E> Discussants Benedict Clouette Alma Steingart Lucia Allais

Counting Land March 24, 2022

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Publications

Columbia GSAPP

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529

Columbia Books on Architecture and the City aims to expand the ground of architectural discourse.

Bringing together designers, scholars, planners, artists, theorists, and curators, often working outside of the expected formats of their fields, we focus on books that ask urgent questions about what architecture is and what it does— and to model different forms of architectural production beyond building. We hope to amplify new voices while reflecting on those who’ve shaped the field in vital ways, and to publish books that explore architecture’s intersections, rethink the assumptions of practice, and confront the discipline’s complicity in enduring forms of injustice.

Director of Publications Isabelle Kirkham-Lewitt Assistant Director Joanna Joseph

530

Art after Liberalism Author Nicholas Gamso Designer Roland Brauchli Specifications 232pp, Paperback Paperback 8.3 × 5.8” ISBN 9781941332689

Publications

Columbia GSAPP

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532

Issues in Preservation Policy: Preservation, Sustainability, and Equity Editor Erica Avrami Designer Common Name Specifications 236pp, Paperback Paperback 6 × 9” ISBN 9781941332702

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Columbia GSAPP

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Not What I Meant But Anyway Author Revital Cohen, Tuur Van Balen Designer Luke Bulman Specifications 400pp, Paperback Paperback 6.3 × 8.5” ISBN 9781941332719

Publications

Columbia GSAPP

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Publications

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AVERY REVIEW The Avery Review is an online journal dedicated to thinking about books, buildings, and other architectural media. We see the genres of the review and the critical essay as vital but still underutilized ways of exploring the ideas and problems that animate the field of architecture, and we hope to push these genres beyond their most familiar forms, whether journalistic or academic.

Our aim is to explore the broader implications of a given object of discourse (whether text, film, exhibition, building, project, or urban environment), to expand the terrain of what we imagine architectural discourse to be, and to broaden the diversity of voices that our field typically hears from.

The Avery Review is committed to publishing a diverse range of voices, especially those contributing to the collective rewriting of a discipline that has long kept difference in its margins, to the benefit of dominant voices who have too long held the center.

We welcome authors who illuminate architecture’s blind spots, who oppose its many complicities, who resist its production of norms and its participation in spatial violence—and who champion a more open, more equal built environment.

Contributing Editors Caitlin Blanchfield Joanna Joseph Isabelle Kirkham-Lewitt Jacob R. Moore Grace Sparapani Editors-At-Large Alissa Anderson Tizziana Baldenebro Aleksandr Bierig Elsa MH Mäki Kate Yeh Chiu 2022 Guest Editor Natalia Gulick de Torres

Columbia GSAPP

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WEB is a student-designed temporary outdoor pavilion on Columbia’s Morningside Campus that features custom-built furniture, produced as part of the spring 2022 design-build seminar “The Outside Project” led by faculty Laurie Hawkinson and Galia Solomonoff.

WEB stands out from its surroundings with a patchwork pattern of white and blue hues.

The canopy is anchored to the ground by seven ballasts and positioned by a network of ropes and carabiners fastened to steel beams inside two adjacent buildings: Avery and Fayerweather Halls.

Four blowers keep the inflatable firmly pressurized and embedded LED lights shine with different intensities at nighttime. A series of translucent skylights channel daylight into playful, blue-hued shapes on the platform below.

The furniture is modular and stackable to support a range of programming below the canopy. The tables and chairs are fabricated with birch ply and pine dowels using a combination of CNC machining and handcrafted techniques.

The ensemble includes a rocking chair that morphs into a table.

Project Team Faculty and Staff Galia Solomonoff Laurie Hawkinson Mark Taylor Josh Jordan Yonah Elorza

Web Pavilion

Students Abriannah Aiken Ata Gün Aksu Priscilla Auyeung Omar Badriek Aahana Banker Zina Berrada (Research Asst.)

Rourke Brakeville Ece Cetin Kurt Cheang Lucas de Menezes Pereira Anoushae Eirabie Ryan Hansen Bisheng Hong Sunghyun Kim Yining Lai Vasco Li Gustavo Lopez Mendoza Andrew Manion Eugene Massey Zakios Meghrouni-Brown Risa Mimura Keneilwe Ramaphosa Maria Ramirez Hannah Stollery Jordan Trager Yusuf Urlu Hazel Villena Hyosil Yang Special Thanks Weiping Wu Janet Reyes Kristina Camaj Anders Stephanson Quim Rabassa (AreaCubica) Natalia Serra (AreaCubica) Anne Shellum (Google) Hubert Chang (Silman) Construction Day Volunteers Tamim Aljefri Christopher Aaron Armstrong Laura Blaszczak Stella Dai Anne Freeman Isaac Khouzam Yong Yeob Kim Audrey Leong Remo Marcaccio Bridget Mattson Megan Shkolyar Taylor Simmons Augustus Taylor Ke Zoe Zhai

Columbia GSAPP

Web Pa Photo by Hazel Villena

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avilion Photo by Omer Gorashi

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2022 Commencem 540

Commencement

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Photos by Hatnim Lee

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<DIRECTORY> 545 Faculty 551 Staff 552 Graduates 554 Awards 556 Alumni

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<DIRECTORY> [Faculty] FULL-TIME FACULTY Emanuel Admassu Assistant Professor, Architecture and Urban Design Lucia Allais Associate Professor, Architecture Director, Buell Center Amale Andraos Professor, Dean Emeritus Kate Ascher Paul Milstein Professor of Professional Practice, Real Estate Development Erica Avrami James Marston Fitch Assistant Professor, Historic Preservation Michael Bell Professor, Architecture Lola Ben-Alon Assistant Professor, Architecture David Benjamin Associate Professor, Architecture Hiba Bou Akar Assistant Professor, Urban Planning Patrice Derrington Holliday Associate Professor Program Director, MSRED Ryan Devlin Visiting Assistant Professor, Urban Planning Andrew S. Dolkart Professor, Historic Preservation Lance Freeman Professor, Urban Planning Mario Gooden Professor of Professional Practice, Architecture Program Director, MArch Laurie Hawkinson Professor, Architecture Juan Herreros Professor of Professional Practice, Architecture Steven Holl Professor, Architecture Bo Hong Visiting Assistant Professor, Urban Planning

545 Ziad Jamaleddine Assistant Professor, Architecture Andrés Jaque Dean Professor, Architecture Program Director, MSAAD Ateya Khorakiwala Assistant Professor, Architecture Cecily King Associate Professor of Professional Practice, Real Estate Development Laura Kurgan Professor, Architecture Program Director, MSCDP Director, Center for Spatial Research Adam Lubinsky Associate Professor of Professional Practice, Real Estate Development Reinhold Martin Professor, Architecture Mary McLeod Professor, Architecture Leah Meisterlin Assistant Professor, Urban Planning Christopher Munsell Glascock Associate Professor of Professional Practice of Real Estate Development Finance Kate Orff Professor Program Director, MSAUD Director, Center for Resilient Cities and Landscapes

Felicity D. Scott Professor, Architecture and CCCP Program Director, PhD Architecture Program Co-Director, MSCCCP program

Yussef Agbo-Ola Adjunct Assistant Professor

Galia Solomonoff Associate Professor of Professional Practice, Architecture

Jude Albaroudi Associate

Bernard Tschumi Professor, Dean Emeritus

Mark Wigley Professor, Dean Emeritus

Nuar Alsadir Adjunct Associate Professor

Mabel O. Wilson Nancy and George Rupp Professor, Architecture Professor of African American and African Diaspora Studies

Jorge Ambrosi Adjunct Assistant Professor

Weiping Wu Interim Dean Professor, Urban Planning Program Director, MSUP and PhD UP RESEARCHERS Thaddeus Pawlowski Research Scholar, Center for Resilient Cities and Landscapes Juan Sebastián Moreno Research Associate Research Scholar, Center for Spatial Research

Richard Plunz Professor, Architecture and Urban Design

Jia Zhang Associate Research Scholar, Center for Spatial Research

Hugo Sarmiento Assistant Professor, Urban Planning

Daniel Allen Adjunct Assistant Professor Travis Allen Adjunct Assistant Professor

Dan Miller Research Associate, Center for Spatial Research

Hilary Sample IDC Professor of Housing Design, Architecture

Farah Alkhoury Adjunct Assistant Professor

Mark Wasiuta Lecturer, Architecture and CCCP Program Co-Director, MSCCCP

Jorge Otero-Pailos Professor Program Director, MSHP and PhD HP

Anna Puigjaner Associate Professor of Professional Practice, Architecture

Alicia Ajayi Adjunct Assistant Professor

PART-TIME FACULTY Zachary Aarons Adjunct Assistant Professor Majed Abdulsamad Adjunct Assistant Professor Mitchell Adelstein Adjunct Assistant Professor Edward Adler Adjunct Assistant Professor

Pabla Amigo Palacios Adjunct Assistant Professor Shawn Amsler Adjunct Assistant Professor Eric Andersen Associate Halley Anolik Adjunct Professor Christopher Ashton Adjunct Assistant Professor Philip Avello Adjunct Assistant Professor Sharon Ayalon Adjunct Assistant Professor Ralph Bagley Adjunct Assistant Professor Carlo Bailey Adjunct Assistant Professor Bernadette Baird-Zars Adjunct Assistant Professor Jitendra Bajpai Part-Time Lecturer Tam Banh Adjunct Assistant Professor Anne Barrett Adjunct Assistant Professor Nitzan Bartov Adjunct Assistant Professor

546

<DIRECTORY> [Faculty]

Columbia GSAPP

Gary Bates Adjunct Assistant Professor

Dare Brawley Adjunct Assistant Professor

John Bazzano Adjunct Associate Professor

Christopher Brazee Adjunct Assistant Professor

Lorena Bello Gomez Adjunct Assistant Professor

Joseph Brennan Adjunct Assistant Professor

Yasmin Ben Ltaifa Adjunct Associate Research Scholar

Stuart Brodsky Adjunct Assistant Professor

Paul Bentel Adjunct Professor

Alanna Browdy Adjunct Assistant Professor

Andreas Benzing Adjunct Assistant Professor Nathalia Bernardo Adjunct Assistant Professor Masood Bhatti Adjunct Assistant Professor Maurizio Bianchi Mattioli Adjunct Assistant Professor Erin Biediger Associate Amina Blacksher Adjunct Assistant Professor Laura Bliss Adjunct Assistant Professor Jelisa Blumberg Adjunct Assistant Professor Victor Body-Lawson Adjunct Associate Professor Francoise Bollack Adjunct Associate Professor Michael Bongiorno Associate Anthony Borelli Adjunct Associate Professor

Douglas Brown Associate Camille Brustlein Associate Eric Bunge Adjunct Associate Professor Stephen Burks Adjunct Assistant Professor Benjamin Cadena Adjunct Assistant Professor Teresa Caldeira Adjunct Professor Nerea Calvillo Gonzalez Adjunct Associate Professor Aaron Campbell Adjunct Assistant Professor Caitlyn Campbell Adjunct Assistant Professor Tei Carpenter Adjunct Assistant Professor Luis Carranza Adjunct Associate Professor Samuel Carter Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jesse Catalano Associate

Erik Cooper Associate

Michael Caton Adjunct Assistant Professor

André Corrêa d’Almeida Adjunct Associate Professor

Rasheed Chahal Adjunct Assistant Professor

Daniel Crowley Adjunct Associate Professor

Katherine Chan Adjunct Assistant Professor

Phillip Crupi Adjunct Assistant Professor

Hubert Chang Adjunct Assistant Professor

Dilip Da Cunha Adjunct Professor

Noah Chasin Adjunct Associate Professor

Aaron Davis Adjunct Assistant Professor

Adriana Chavez Sanchez Adjunct Assistant Professor

Esteban de Backer Gutierrez Adjunct Assistant Professor

Eran Chen Adjunct Assistant Professor

Juan Carlos de la Garza Madero Associate

Harry Chen Associate

Thomas de Monchaux Adjunct Assistant Professor

Ruo Piao Chen Associate Joseph Chilelli Associate Andrea Chiney Cheng Adjunct Assistant Professor Yoonjai Choi Adjunct Assistant Professor HsienHsin Chou Adjunct Assistant Professor Katherine Cioffari Associate

Ivi Diamantopoulou Adjunct Assistant Professor Fatou Dieye Adjunct Assistant Professor Johnny Din Adjunct Assistant Professor Miku Dixit Adjunct Assistant Professor Mathew Dolan Associate

Louis Cipolla Adjunct Professor

Ryan Donaghy Adjunct Assistant Professor

Michael Clark Adjunct Assistant Professor

Nicole Dosso Adjunct Assistant Professor

Taylor Clark Associate

Whitney Dow Adjunct Associate Professor

Thomas Bourne Associate

Jordan Carver Adjunct Assistant Professor

Dariel Cobb Adjunct Assistant Professor

Amy Boyle Adjunct Assistant Professor

Lluis Casanovas Blanco Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jonathan Cobb Associate

Gabrielle Brainard Adjunct Assistant Professor

Stephen Cassell Adjunct Associate Professor

Charles Brass Adjunct Assistant Professor

Margarita Carolina Castellanos Avila Adjunct Assistant Professor

Sean Cohane Adjunct Assistant Professor Sean Connelly Adjunct Assistant Professor Nina Cooke John Adjunct Assistant Professor

Katherine Dunham Adjunct Associate Professor Ifeoma Ebo Adjunct Associate Professor Charbel Eid Associate Rosana Elkhatib Adjunct Assistant Professor Yasser Elsheshtawy Adjunct Professor

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Ubaldo Escalante Adjunct Assistant Professor

Rani Gharbie Adjunct Assistant Professor

Phu Hoang Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jaffer Kolb Adjunct Assistant Professor

Michael Esposito Adjunct Assistant Professor

Erica Goetz Adjunct Assistant Professor

Justine Holzman Adjunct Assistant Professor

Amir Korangy Adjunct Assistant Professor

Gabriela Etchegaray Adjunct Assistant Professor

Sagi Golan Adjunct Assistant Professor

Andrew Homick Adjunct Assistant Professor

Bilge Kose Adjunct Assistant Professor

Adam Feil Adjunct Assistant Professor

Martin Gold Adjunct Professor

James Horton Associate

Andronik Golubitsky Adjunct Assistant Professor

Lisa Howlett Adjunct Assistant Professor

Zachary Kostura Adjunct Associate Professor

Benjamin Gómez Arango Associate

Samantha Huff Associate

Laura González Fierro Adjunct Assistant Professor

Eric Huntley Adjunct Assistant Professor

Ignacio González Galán Adjunct Assistant Professor

Patrick Hutson Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jennifer Gray Adjunct Assistant Professor

Nahyun Hwang Adjunct Associate Professor

Mark Green Adjunct Assistant Professor

Shannon Iacino Adjunct Assistant Professor

Samuel Green Associate

Wonne Ickx Adjunct Associate Professor

Marco Ferrari Adjunct Assistant Professor Todd Fieldston Adjunct Assistant Professor Bruce Fisher Adjunct Assistant Professor Peter Flamm Adjunct Associate Professor Flores Forbes Adjunct Associate Professor Merrie Frankel Adjunct Assistant Professor Nathalie Frankowski Adjunct Assistant Professor

Maxine Griffith Adjunct Professor

Kurt Franz Adjunct Assistant Professor

Brian Groudan Adjunct Assistant Professor

Carlyle Fraser Adjunct Assistant Professor

Eva Hagberg Adjunct Assistant Professor

Adam Freed Part-time Lecturer

Nicholas Halstead Associate

Daniel Froehlich Adjunct Assistant Professor

Abby Hamlin Adjunct Assistant Professor

Tal Fuerst Associate

Joseph Hand Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jinish Gadhiya Associate Somer Galal Associate Sean Gallagher Adjunct Assistant Professor

Amy Harrington Adjunct Assistant Professor Robert Heintges Adjunct Professor

Ersela Kripa Adjunct Assistant Professor Michael Krisch Adjunct Assistant Professor David Kruth Adjunct Assistant Professor Karen Kubey Adjunct Associate Professor Kaja Kuehl Adjunct Associate Professor Matea Kulusic Associate

Mary Jablonski Adjunct Associate Professor

Christoph a. Kumpusch Adjunct Associate Professor

Joshua Jordan Adjunct Assistant Professor

Emily Kurtz Adjunct Assistant Professor

Joanna Joseph Adjunct Assistant Professor

Akiko Kyei-Aboagye Adjunct Assistant Professor

Joshua Kahr Adjunct Associate Professor

Richard Lambeck Adjunct Associate Professor

Paul Kamuf Adjunct Assistant Professor

Paul Laroque Adjunct Assistant Professor

Mark Kantai Associate

Celeste Layne Adjunct Assistant Professor

Claudia Kavenagh Adjunct Assistant Professor

Sarah Hejazin Associate

Vanessa Keith Adjunct Associate Professor

Robert Herrmann Adjunct Professor

Sarah Khalfoune Associate

Robert Garneau Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jesse Hirakawa Adjunct Assistant Professor

Gordon Kipping Adjunct Associate Professor

Ebru Gencer Aspegren Adjunct Associate Professor

Mimi Hoang Adjunct Associate Professor

Rick Kirkbride Adjunct Assistant Professor

Cruz Garcia Santiago Adjunct Assistant Professor

Laszlo Kovacs Associate

Daniel Lee Adjunct Assistant Professor Jiho Lee Adjunct Assistant Professor Yoo Jin Lee Adjunct Assistant Professor Stephen Lefebvre Adjunct Assistant Professor

548

<DIRECTORY> [Faculty]

Columbia GSAPP

Chok Lei Adjunct Assistant Professor

Candelaria Mas Pohmajevic Associate

Dahlia Nduom Adjunct Assistant Professor

Richard Leland Adjunct Professor

Berardo Matalucci Adjunct Assistant Professor

Mitchell Nelson Adjunct Assistant Professor

Genevieve Mateyko Associate

Jessica Ngan Adjunct Assistant Professor

Amy Lelyveld Adjunct Assistant Professor Dominic Leong Adjunct Assistant Professor

Joel McCullough Associate

Catherine Levenson Associate

William McDaniel Adjunct Assistant Professor

Julia Lewis Adjunct Assistant Professor

Kevin McQueen Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jarrett Ley Associate

Adam Meagher Adjunct Assistant Professor

Ruihong Li Associate Nora Libertun de Duren Adjunct Associate Professor Jose Lievano Gomez Adjunct Assistant Professor

Geeta Mehta Adjunct Professor Thomas Mellins Adjunct Associate Professor Nilda Mesa Adjunct Professor

Giuseppe Lignano Adjunct Assistant Professor

Tim Michiels Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jeffrey Lin Adjunct Associate Professor

Jonathan Miller Adjunct Associate Professor

Anne Liu Adjunct Associate Professor

Maxwell Miller Associate

Brian Loughlin Adjunct Assistant Professor Michael Loverich Adjunct Assistant Professor

David Eugin Moon Adjunct Assistant Professor Justin Garrett Moore Adjunct Associate Professor

Tung Nguyen Associate Ian Nicholson Adjunct Assistant Professor Kyle Normandin Adjunct Associate Professor Davidson Norris Adjunct Associate Professor Morgan O’Hara Adjunct Assistant Professor Rory O’Neill Adjunct Associate Professor Alexander Odom Associate Oscar Oliver-Didier Adjunct Assistant Professor

Mark Rakatansky Adjunct Associate Professor Raquel Ramati Adjunct Professor John Reddick Adjunct Associate Professor

Damon Rich Adjunct Associate Professor

Zachary Mulitauaopele Adjunct Assistant Professor

Mehul Patel Adjunct Assistant Professor

Christopher Munsell Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jared Payne Associate

Jonathan Martin Adjunct Professor

Clarence Radin Adjunct Assistant Professor

Valeria Paez Cala Associate

Peter Marcotullio Adjunct Professor

Angelica Navarro Saavedra Associate

Sara Queen Adjunct Assistant Professor

Maya Renganathan Associate

Galen Pardee Adjunct Assistant Professor

Sandro Marpillero Adjunct Associate Professor

Alexandra Quantrill Adjunct Assistant Professor

Andrew Padilla Part-time Lecturer

Stephen Mueller Adjunct Assistant Professor

Danil Nagy Adjunct Assistant Professor

Theodore Prudon Adjunct Professor

Thomas Reiner Adjunct Assistant Professor

John Lyons Adjunct Assistant Professor

Ariella Maron Adjunct Associate Professor

Gabrielle Printz Adjunct Assistant Professor

Alessandro Orsini Adjunct Assistant Professor

Shachi Pandey Adjunct Assistant Professor

Catherine Murphy Adjunct Assistant Professor

Stephan Potts Adjunct Assistant Professor

Kate Reggev Adjunct Assistant Professor

Deborah Morris Adjunct Assistant Professor

Robert Marino Adjunct Associate Professor

Edward Poteat Adjunct Assistant Professor

Michael Ollerer Associate

Jeffrey Lovshin Associate

Konstantina Marinaki Associate

Luis Pizano Associate

Maria Perez Benavides Associate Brandon Perrotta Associate James Pesci Adjunct Assistant Professor Kenton Phillips Adjunct Assistant Professor

Teel Riggs Adjunct Assistant Professor Abby Rinaldi Adjunct Associate Research Scholar Pedro Rivera Monteiro Adjunct Assistant Professor Bryony Roberts Adjunct Assistant Professor Michael Rock Adjunct Professor Carsten Rodin Adjunct Assistant Professor Charlotte Rodriguez Adjunct Assistant Professor

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Michelle Roelofs Adjunct Assistant Professor

Anne Shellum Adjunct Assistant Professor

Chat Travieso Adjunct Assistant Professor

Sybil Wa Adjunct Assistant Professor

Maibi Rojas Associate

Cassim Shepard Adjunct Assistant Professor

Graham Trelstad Adjunct Associate Professor

Michael Wang Adjunct Assistant Professor

Jae Shin Adjunct Assistant Professor

Amanda Trienens Adjunct Assistant Professor

Paul Weech Adjunct Associate Professor

Jeffrey Shumaker Adjunct Associate Professor

Alexa Tsien-Shiang Adjunct Assistant Professor

Marc Weidner Adjunct Assistant Professor

Adrian Silver Adjunct Assistant Professor

Marc Tsurumaki Adjunct Associate Professor

Rachel Weinberger Adjunct Associate Professor

Rhonda Sincavage Adjunct Assistant Professor

Seth Turner Associate

Evan Weiss Adjunct Assistant Professor

Karla Rothstein Adjunct Associate Professor Jonah Rowen Adjunct Assistant Professor Lindy Roy Adjunct Assistant Professor Nupur RoyChaudhury Associate Emily Ruopp Associate Aaron Sage Associate

Howard Slatkin Adjunct Associate Professor

Kazuki Sakamoto Adjunct Assistant Professor

David Smiley Adjunct Associate Professor

Austin Sakong Adjunct Assistant Professor

Gabriel Smith-Randall Adjunct Assistant Professor

Juan Saldarriaga Chaux Adjunct Assistant Professor

Danielle Smoller Adjunct Associate Professor

Victoria Sanger Adjunct Assistant Professor

Kurt Steinhouse Adjunct Assistant Professor

Thomas Schaperkotter Adjunct Assistant Professor

Justin Stolze Adjunct Assistant Professor

Robert Schoetz Adjunct Assistant Professor

Margaret StreickerPorres Adjunct Assistant Professor

Kevin Schorn Adjunct Assistant Professor

Angela Sun Associate

Robert Sears Associate

Aleksandr Suurna Associate

Paul Segal Adjunct Professor

Adam Tanaka Adjunct Assistant Professor

Laura Semeraro Associate Daniel Serviansky Adjunct Assistant Professor Ryan Severino Adjunct Assistant Professor Shai Shamir Adjunct Assistant Professor David Shane Adjunct Professor Donald Sheets Adjunct Assistant Professor

Meghan Taylor-Steshyn Associate Lauren Tierney Adjunct Assistant Professor Ada Tolla Adjunct Assistant Professor Antonio Torres Adjunct Assistant Professor Jamie Torres Springer Adjunct Associate Professor

Joshua Uhl Adjunct Assistant Professor

Norman Weiss Adjunct Professor

Benjamin Ulvevadet Associate

Robert Wertheimer Adjunct Professor

Michael Vahrenwald Adjunct Assistant Professor

Zachary White Adjunct Assistant Professor

Magdalena Valdevenito Associate

Violet Whitney Adjunct Assistant Professor

Ernst Valery Adjunct Assistant Professor Jose Luis Vallejo Mateo Adjunct Associate Professor Uthra Varghese Associate Gabriel Vergara Gajardo Associate Lorenzo Villaggi Adjunct Assistant Professor Jose Villanueva Castaneda Adjunct Associate Research Scholar Cora Visnick Associate James von Klemperer Adjunct Associate Professor Nans Voron Adjunct Assistant Professor Daniel Vos Adjunct Assistant Professor Nader Vossoughian Adjunct Associate Professor Victoria Vuono Associate

Lindsey Wikstrom Adjunct Assistant Professor Lucien Wilson Adjunct Assistant Professor Geneva Wirth Adjunct Assistant Professor Kate Wittels Adjunct Assistant Professor Christopher Woebken Adjunct Assistant Professor Dan Wood Adjunct Associate Professor Douglas Woodward Adjunct Professor Thomas Wright Adjunct Associate Professor You-Chiao Wu Associate Kimberly Yao Adjunct Assistant Professor Charlotte Yu Associate Sarah Zamler Associate

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<DIRECTORY> [Faculty] Emmett Zeifman Adjunct Assistant Professor Elie Zeinoun Associate Elizabeth Zevallos Associate Michael Zhang Associate Yu Kun Zhang Adjunct Assistant Professor Jiajie Zhao Adjunct Assistant Professor William Zheng Associate Najha Zigbi-Johnson Part-time Lecturer

Columbia GSAPP

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<DIRECTORY> [Staff]

551

Elizabeth Alicea Director, Human Resources

Sarahgrace Godwin Assistant Director, MSHP

Rebecca Andersen Polimeda Associate Director, Career Services

Benjamin Goldie Director, IT

Jillian Barsalou Kincaid Director, Development Carlito (Tito) Bayne Assistant Director, Output Shop

Kayla Heisler Administrative Assistant Christopher Hou Systems Coordinator Joshua Jordan Director, Making Studio

Steffen Boddeker Associate Dean, Admissions and Outreach

Emily Junker Assistant Director, Urban Planning

Dare Brawley Assistant Director, Center for Spatial Research

Jessica Stockton King Senior Associate Director, Academic Affairs

Leigh Brown Secretary II, MSUP and MSHP

Isabelle Kirkham-Lewitt Director, Publications

Carla Call Assistant Director, Human Resources Lyla Catellier, Director, Events and Public Programs Kristina Camaj Assistant Director, Administration Xiaoxi Chen Assistant Director, MSAAD Kane Chiang Assistant Director, Multimedia Services David Cohen Administrative Assistant, MSAUD Leah Cohen Associate Dean, Development and Alumni Affairs Matthew Colunga Administrative Assistant Karen Cover Assistant Director, Career Services Christopher Day Assistant Director, AV Yonah Elorza Manager, Making Studio Monisola Fakiyesi Assistant Director, Admissions Systems Alvaro Gamboa Assistant Director, IT Operations

Joanna Joseph Assistant Director, Publications Sara Konekeo Director, Admissions and Financial Aid Lucy Krebsbach Assistant Director, Communications and Events Leslie Kuo Associate Director, Development and Alumni Relations Caio Major Assistant Director, Administration & Faculty Affairs Roberto Marsach Jr. Manager, IT Sonya Marshall Assistant Dean, Faculty Affairs Nicholas Martucci Systems Coordinator Alade S. McKen Assistant Dean, Recruitment, Diversity, and Inclusion Jacob Moore Associate Director, Buell Center Sherly Orilas Coordinator, Output Shop Yesenia Ozoria-Urena Director, Administration Diego Patino Toro Assistant Director, IT Systems

Thad Pawlowski Managing Director, Center for Resilient Cities and Landscapes Janet Reyes Senior Associate Dean, Administration and Faculty Affairs Nicholas Roberts Director, Faculty Affairs Amanda Seitz Assistant Director, Administration David Smiley Assistant Director, Urban Design Danielle Smoller Associate Dean, Academic and Student Affairs Jordan Steingard Program Manager, Buell Center JD Stogdill Assistant Director, Student Affairs Mika Tal Manager, Preservation Technology Mark Taylor Director, Operations Esther Turay Office Manager, Development Hannette Un Assistant Director, IT Stephan van Eeden Assistant Director, Accreditation Shannon Werle Assistant Director, Communications

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<DIRECTORY> [Graduates] M.S. ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN Sarah Abouelkhair Vinay Agrawal Abriannah Aiken Ata Gun Aksu Tamim Aljefri Santiago Alvarez Santibañez Luz Auyon Omar Badriek Aahana Banker Daniela Beraun Rourke Brakeville Jiahua Cai Ece Cetin Kurt Man Hin Cheang Xin Chen Xumin Chen Hao-Yuan Cheng Yunha Choi Wei-Chun Chou Erxiao Chu Eric Chyou Rocio Crosetto Brizzio Qijian Cui Gaole Dai Jialu Deng Ningyuan Deng Yutong Deng Shikang Ding Francesca Doumet León Duval Yunlong Fan Zhanhao Fan Adrianna Fransz Yani Gao Ruben Gomez Ganan Zhichen Gong Jiafeng Gu Yefei Guo Henry Han Ana Hernandez Derbez Bisheng Hong Hyeon Jin Hong Siye Huang Yuchen Huang Wanqi Jiang Yuening Jiang Mu Dong Jung Se Lim Jung Radha Devang Kamdar Sanober Khan Jason Young Kim Sunghyun Kim SeokHyun Kim Han Kuo Yining Lai Dhruva Lakshminarayanan Sophia Le Junho Lee Junoh Lee Kyounghwa Lee Yiruo Li Yuhong Li Shan Li Jonathan Liang Yingjie Liu Yufei Liu Zida Liu Xueyin Lu Malavika Madhuraj Malvina Mathioudaki Risa Mimura Alonso Ortega Yinlei Pang Aikaterini Papoutsa Jiaying Qu Maria Ramirez Shulong Ren Richard Sa Zenah Sakaamini

Columbia GSAPP Sujin Shim Hyuein Song Qiwei Sun Zihan Sun Jasmine Sun Wanting Sun Xinan Tan Yukun Tian Lichong Tong Irmak Turnali Yusuf Urlu Kennedy Van Trump Anthea Viloria Fang Wan Di Wan An Wang Meichen Wang Qingfan Wu Bingyu Xia Haotong Xia Siyu Xiao Enfeng Xie Beiyi Xu Wenxuan Xu Haoran Xu Can Yang Danlei Yang Haozhen Yang Hyosil Yang Zheng Yin Qingyang Yu Ke Zhai Jiazheng Zhang Tianyi Zhang Xiangru Zhao Yingying Zhou Yanan Zhou Gejin Zhu Mingxun Zou M.S. ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN DESIGN Avani Agarwal Bianca Bryant Lucas Carvalho Macedo Coelho Netto Riya Chadha Junfan Chen Surabhi Dahivalkar Cesar Delgado Daniela Deu Tanuja Dhanasekaran Samuel Dye Giulia Figueiredo Chagas Lamisa Haque Jiamin Huang Haotian Jiang Yasmine Katkhuda Changbin Kim Jisoo Kim Minsung Kim Jie Kong Siyu Lei Jiaxin Li Shuhua Li Zhifan Li Shinan Liu Hao Ma Gloria Mah Aishwarya Mathukumilli Achmad Maulana Galina Novikova Javier Ortiz Rhea Rajesh Pai Govardan Rajasekaran Umashankar Kimberly Ramirez Sydnee Sampson Praditi Singh Rongxin Tang Yuxin Tian

John Tiernan Carmen Yu Curran Zhang Jiayi Zhao Kenny Zhou Lipeng Zhu M.S. CRITICAL, CURATORIAL & CONCEPTUAL PRACTICES Andrea Comair Najia Fatima Ariane Fong Spenser Krut Caroline Maxwell Andrea Molina Jabarin Nur Tianyu Yang M.S. HISTORIC PRESERVATION Teerat Chaiyatham Jonathan Clemente Christine Hotz Jesse Kling Steph LeBlanc Lindsay Papke Valerie Smith Meghan Vonden Steinen Ziming Wang Jianing Wei Luxi Yang M.S. REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT Mackenzie Abernethy Kasra Abolmeleh Reem Al Awar Sultan Alfaisal Abdullah Alnamlah Amina Amer Preet Aneja Tia Ao Kodchamon Archamongkol Sharan Babani Natalie Baldacci Legan Bayombo Solomon Berger Madeleine Bernadicou Rayan Beyhum Seema Blott Brandon Brady Josh Bransky Alberto Bravo Hernaiz Ohad Bregman Mitchell Brumfield Brian Burke Yiwei Cao Andres Ceballos Villarreal Cameron Chapman Tomás Charlín Phillip Chartouni Angie Cho Leona Chun Carlos Cojab Selechnik Alejandro Colindres Kriete Sebastian ColvilleReeves Catherine Connelly Gabriela Cortinas Theresa Cory Patrick Craig Edgar De La Torre Joseph Diamond Xiangze Ding Anne Dlugokecki Hai Anh Do Douglas Drennan

Han Du Alexander Ebel Paul Espina Kourosh Fathi Wayland Fong Jonathan Foy Jason Fung Huichun Gao Javier Garza Adam Gohar Semihcan Goksu Remi Gontier Rita Gonzalez Miguel Gonzalez de Haro Matthew Gorwitz Anqi Gu Sanjana Gupta Oliver Hajibay Derrick Hall Kevin Hall William Harris Parker Henderer Zachary Hirschfeld Mancheng Huang Nissen Huang Maggie Huang Gary Huang Yaolan Huang Chi Hang Hui Jon Iavarone Ioanna Ioannou Oliver Ison Minxuan Jia Marc Johnson Trevor Jones Joseph Ju Ji Soo Jung Kamueku Kakizaki Jordan Karp Wesley Keelan David Khukhashvili Paul Kim Vienn Kim Yousef Latif Jason Lee Michael Lee Xin Li Yunjia Li Yixuan Li Esther Liebb George Jian-Zhong Lin Baasankhoro Lkhagvasuren Zhixia Lu Anthony Lumby Yichen Lyu Kathy Ma Sophia Maes Nia Mair Michelle Maloyan Minal Mawaz-Khan Kelly McFadden Samantha McPadden Luke Miller Shirley Mo Daniel Morgan Angela Mulder Victor Nazi Maoyuan Ni Patrick O’Connor Amelia O’Keefe Ashley Okeke Kaley Overstreet Keith Oyamada Eugene Paik Feibi Pan Nikolaos Papageorgiou Jun Young Park Koloina Rasamoely Venkat Reddy Hankai Ren Kathleen Roe Spencer Rose

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<DIRECTORY> [Graduates] Tisya Roviliyani Alexandre Sarkissian Julia Shahery William Shao Jiayi Sheng Luorong Sheng Sherry Shin Linoi Sivan Marshall Small Jacobo Sofer Gateno Yahya Suid Jessica Tenenbaum Vivian Teng Krystel Terzis Brian Turner Simon Usdan Casey Waleko Brainard Warner Charles Welch Joshua Westerman Haeun Wi Carissa Wong Gabriela Wood Dominguez Cydney Wood Lyons Yueru Yan Ziwen Yan Yesuk Yoon Damita Yu James Zaepfel Jiahui Zhang Shuyue Zheng Jingren Zhou Jian Kun Zhu Katherine Zhu Jingru Zhu M.S. URBAN PLANNING Tamim Abedin Rousol Aribi Shreya Arora Derek Brennan Leila Collins Boyang Dan Jianwen Du Hana Dunston Jackson Fordham Eryn Halvey So Ri Han Nile Johnson Hanbo Lei Moses Levich Ziwei Ling Danqing Ma Jonathan Marty Sarah Mawdsley David Mcnamara Braydon Meixell Yixuan Ouyang Eve Passman Mauricio Rada Orellana Danielle Roberts Sebastian Salas Al Tariq Shabazz Yining Shen Yuanyuan Shen Katherin Sibel Erik Strand Jiabao Sun Tiffany Vien Yue Wei Shen Xin Zhaoxiang Yun Yifei Zhou

553 MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE Aya Abdallah Alya Abourezk Ryan Alexander Nayef Alsabhan Thomas Beck Nikolas Bentel Henry Black Livia Calari Karen Wan Jia Chen Sixuan Chen Xuanyi Chen Adeline Chum Johane Clermont Andres Davila Ethan Davis Osvaldo Delbrey Cara DePippo Benjamin Diller-Schatz Novak Djogo Anoushae Eirabie Benjamin Fox Max Goldner Anays Gonzalez Alexa Greene Jiageng Guo Xiucong Han Gene Han Sonny Han Ryan Hansen Sierra Heckman Takashi Honzawa Qing Hou Chuqi Huang Yaxin Jiang Alyna Karachiwala Gizem Karagoz Jean Kim Daniel Kim Yong Yeob Kim Jules Kleitman Maxim Kolbowski-Frampton Meissane Kouassi Farouk Kwaning Jo Hee Lee Talia Li Yi Liang Minghan Lin Yiheng Lin Bianca Lin Yumeng Liu U Kei Long Gustavo Jesus Lopez Mendoza Yang Lu Rory Macfarlane Andrew Magnus Reem Makkawi Aditi Mangesh Shetye Karan Matta Asher Mcglothlin Stephanie McMorran Zakios Meghrouni-Brown Camille Newton Danielle Nir Jinseon Noh Mickaela Pharaon Charul Punia Yuchen Qui Keneilwe Ramaphosa Jordan Readyhough Estefania Serrano Soto Allison Jane Shahidi Leah Smith Lucia Song Hannah Stollery Kaeli Streeter Bisher Tabba Nash Taylor John Trujillo Hazel Villena Adam Vosburgh

Kylie Walker Helen Winter Muyu Wu Duo Xu Peicong Zhang Hao Zheng Hao Zhong Joyce Zhou

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<DIRECTORY> [Awards] SCHOOL-WIDE AWARDS ALI JAWAD MALIK MEMORIAL HISTORY/THEORY HONOR AWARD This prize is given in recognition of a high quality of work in the History/Theory Sequence.

Max Paul Goldner (M.ARCH/CCCP) GSAPP WRITING PRIZE This prize is given to an outstanding essay, paper, or thesis on the history or theory of architecture written for a class during their time at GSAPP. Najia Fatima (CCCP) Asymmetries of Caste and Waste Management GSAPP VISUALIZATION AWARD This prize is given for innovative use of computing media in architectural or urban research, design, and fabrication.

Adeline Chum (M.ARCH) CAMPBELL AWARD The University Trustees and the Board of the Columbia Alumni Association established The Campbell Award, presented by the CAA to a graduating student at each School who shows exceptional leadership and Columbia spirit as exemplified by the late Bill Campbell, Chair Emeritus, University Trustees, outstanding alumnus, and CAA cofounder.

Kaley Nicole Overstreet (RED) WILLIAM KINNE FELLOWS TRAVELING PRIZE These awards are granted on the merit of proposals submitted for travel abroad incorporating the study of architecture, including planning and other specialized aspects of architecture.

Women, Religion and Agency - Women’s Constant Negotiation of Space in the Mosque Aya Abdallah

Columbia GSAPP Building Shelter within Existing Infrastructure in Coastal Syria: Locating Temporary Housing Solutions for Internally Displaced Refugees in Syria Alya James Abourezk

Urban Form Disentangled: Dependencies of the Local Scale Morphology on Traffic and Pollution Patterns Mauricio Enrique Rada Orellana

Platforms for Social Inclusion in Decision Making: Uncovering Potential Destruction of Canal Istanbul Proposal Ece Cetin Irmak Turanli

Before Architects: The Crafting of Vastu Govardan Rajasekaran Umashankar

What it Takes to Grow Our Buildings: Consequences of Mass Timber Production on Forestry and Land Management in Sweden Adeline Chum Aditi Shetye Migratory Spaces in Northern Chile León Duval Sebastian Salas A Tale of Two Towns: Apparatus of Marriage Migrants Across Cheongsong, South Korea and Dai Hop, Vietnam Yani Gao Hyuein Song Preserving Collective Memory, Conversations with the Embera Chami People from the San Lorenzo Indigenous Reservation Rubén Gómez Gañán Machu Picchu: Beyond Tourism Jisoo Kim Achmad Nanang Maulana The Architecture of the Ill-tempered Environment Spenser A. Krut Structuring Water Autonomy Yi Liang The Transfer of the Commons: London’s Experience with QuasiPublic Space Jonathan Marty Himalayan Borderlands: At the intersections of gender, labor and climate change Galina Novikova, Praditi Dinesh Singh Higher Ground—Climate Gentrification in Miami & Hong Kong Patrick O’Connor Galápagos: An Archipelago at Risk Javier Ortiz

The Traditional Huizhou Village and its Carpenter System: A Case Study of Jintan Village Luxi Yang Huayco in the Loop: Resilient Housing Hazel Villena Adieu to Ward Beds: Redefining Health and Body Control Meichen Wang PRIZES OPEN TO MULTIPLE PROGRAMS PERCIVAL AND NAOMI GOODMAN FELLOWSHIP The purpose of the Percival & Naomi Goodman Fellowship is to enable the recipient to carry out a project of social significance related to the interests of Percival Goodman.

Rubén Gómez Gañán (AAD) MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE CHARLES MCKIM PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN/ SAUL KAPLAN TRAVELING FELLOWSHIP This prize recognizes the student whose work throughout the studios has been outstanding and is funded by a bequest from Saul Kaplan ’57 MArch.

Hazel Villena AIA HENRY ADAMS MEDAL This prize is awarded to the student who has maintained the best general standard in all sequences during the professional course over the past 2–3 years in the School.

Aditi Shetye

ALPHA RHO CHI MEDAL This prize is for the student who has shown ability in leadership over the past 2–3 years in the School and who gives promise of professional merit through their attitude and personality.

Aya Abdallah THE EVANS SIMPSON ’88 M.ARCH PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN The prize is for high quality of work in the design studios during the student’s program of studies at Columbia.

Sixuan Chen HONOR AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN This award is for student engagement, leadership, and high academic attainment within design studios in the M.Arch Program.

Audrey Dandenault HONOR AWARD FOR DESIGN AND VISUALIZATION This prize is given for innovative use of computing media in architectural or urban research, design, and fabrication.

Adam Vosburgh HONOR AWARD FOR DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY This prize is awarded to the student who most demonstrates an ability to incorporate building science and technologies into the issues of architectural design.

Meissane Aude Kouassi AVERY 6’ AWARDS This non-monetary, student-nominated prize is awarded to the graduating M.Arch student whose work questions the standards of architecture and promises to change the profession.

Adeline Chum This non-monetary, student-nominated prize is awarded to the graduating M.Arch student whose commitment within the studio and the school at large has earned the respect of the student body.

Gene Han

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<DIRECTORY> [Awards] LUCILLE SMYSER LOWENFISH MEMORIAL PRIZE This award is for the most outstanding student(s) in the final semester design studios (open to the M.Arch Program).

Andrew Solomon Magnus Adv. Arch. Studio VI led by Critics Justin Garrett Moore and Oscar Oliver-Didier ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN WILLIAM WARE PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN/ SAUL KAPLAN TRAVELING FELLOWSHIP This prize is awarded to recognize the student whose work in the studios has been outstanding and is funded by a bequest from Saul Kaplan ’57 M.Arch. The prize is for travel and study following graduation.

Rocio Crosetto Brizzio HONOR AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN ADVANCED ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN This award is for student engagement, leadership, and high academic attainment within design studios in the AAD Program.

Malavika Madhuraj Hyosil Yang HONOR AWARD FOR ARGUMENTS IN DESIGN The prize is for a student whose work has been outstanding in the formulation of agendas and positions—that is, arguments and the way in which they take part in the advancement of architectural design.

León Duval LUCILLE SMYSER LOWENFISH MEMORIAL PRIZE This award is for the most outstanding student(s) in the final semester design studios.

Bisheng Hong Adv. Arch. Studio VI led

by Critic Michael Bell PEER TO PEER AWARD This student-nominated award is given in recognition of outstanding service to classmates, faculty, and school.

Sanober Khan

555 URBAN DESIGN GSAPP PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCE IN URBAN DESIGN This prize is intended to recognize the student whose work in the Urban Design Program has been most outstanding.

HONOR AWARD FOR OUTSTANDING THESIS IN CCCP For the thesis that best demonstrates rigorous development of critical, curatorial, and conceptual practices, and the most complementary format or medium in its realization.

Yasmine Katkhuda

Nur Jabarin

HONOR AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN URBAN DESIGN This award recognizes the students who have demonstrated significant leadership, service, and commitment to collaboration in the Urban Design Program.

Codex of Revolt: An Experiment in Historicizing Indigenous Destruction Advisor: Felicity Scott

Cesar Delgado Carmen Yu LUCILLE SMYSER LOWENFISH MEMORIAL PRIZE This award is for the most outstanding project in the final semester design studios.

Lucas Coelho Netto Giulia Figueiredo Chagas Yasmine Katkhuda Samuel Joseph Dye Urban Design Studio III: Em(Power)ing Belize led

by Critics Kate Orff (Coordinator), Geeta Mehta, Adriana Chavez, Thad Pawlowski, and Lorena Bello Gomez PEER TO PEER AWARD This student-nominated award is given in recognition of outstanding service to classmates, faculty, and school.

Avani Agarwal Changbin Kim CRITICAL, CURATORIAL, AND CONCEPTUAL PRACTICES CCCP PROGRAM AWARD This prize is for a significant contribution to the culture of research, practice, and the public sphere within the CCCP Program.

Spenser A. Krut PEER TO PEER AWARD This student-nominated award is given in recognition of outstanding service to classmates, faculty, and school.

Andrea Comair

HISTORIC PRESERVATION ONERA PRIZE IN HISTORIC PRESERVATION This is given to a graduating student from Columbia GSAPP’s M.S. in Historic Preservation Program to conduct a project that tests new preservation theories in practice.

Ziming Wang HONOR AWARD FOR OUTSTANDING THESIS IN HISTORIC PRESERVATION For a master’s thesis that best demonstrates excellence in the field of Historic Preservation.

Andrés Álvarez-Dávila Technology and James Marston Fitch’s Turn to Preservation Advisor: Jorge OteroPailos Lindsay Papke Interrogating the Olfactory Landscape: Means and Methods for Analyzing Changing Smellscapes as a Character-Defining Feature of Place Advisor: Erica Avrami PEER TO PEER AWARD This non-monetary, student-nominated award is given in recognition of outstanding service to classmates, faculty, and school.

Teerat “Preme” Chaiyatham REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT HANK BELL ENTREPRENEURIAL AWARD This award is for the student that best embodies Professor Emeritus Hank Bell’s entrepreneurial spirit.

Oliver Ison

HONOR AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT This award is for student participation, leadership, and high academic attainment within the Real Estate Development Program.

Anja Do Kelly McFadden Kaley Overstreet Joshua Westerman URBAN PLANNING AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION OUTSTANDING STUDENT AWARD This prize is for outstanding attainment in the study of Urban Planning.

Mauricio Enrique Rada Orellana NEW YORK CHAPTER OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION’S AWARD This award is for academic excellence and leadership in Urban Planning.

David McNamara CHARLES ABRAMS THESIS AWARD For a thesis that best exemplifies a commitment to social justice.

Crisis Management: Bureaucracy, Austerity, and Managing Homelessness in the Temporal Camp Derek Brennan HONOR AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN URBAN PLANNING This award is for student engagement, leadership, and high academic attainment within the Urban Planning Program.

Brady Meixell Danielle Roberts PEER TO PEER AWARD This non-monetary, student-nominated award is given in recognition of outstanding service to classmates, faculty, and school.

Mauricio Enrique Rada Orellana

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<DIRECTORY> [Alumni] DEVELOPMENT AND ALUMNI RELATIONS The GSAPP Office of Development and Alumni Relations, established in 2005, is dedicated to building a strong framework for alumni communication, collaboration, and networking, and to establishing a strong base of support for the school, its students, and its programs.

Leah Cohen Associate Dean, Development and Alumni Relations Jillian Barsalou Kincaid Director, Development Leslie Kuo Associate Director, Development and Alumni Relations Esther Turay Office Manager, Development

Columbia GSAPP The Office of Development and Alumni Relations organizes a regular series of events that bring together former students from across majors and class years.

Highlights from the 2021–2022 academic year include: TUESDAY TALKS Ongoing The GSAPP Alumni Office launched Tuesday Talks in 2020 as an opportunity for students to connect with the alumni community. The virtual event, hosted twice per month, invites alumni to speak informally with current students about career development.

ALUMNI CONVERSATIONS Ongoing This event series invites alumni professionals to present work to current students in a small group format. This year’s programming included a PhD-focused discussion moderated by UP PhD Students Maureen Abi-Ghanem and Stefan Norgaard on March 23, 2022. For this event, Adèle Cassola ’18 UP PhD (Research Director at Global Strategy Lab, York University), Dory Thrasher ’15 UP PhD (City Research Scientist, NYC Department of Social Services), Lauren Fischer ’19 UP PhD (Assistant Professor, University of North Texas), Eric Goldwyn ’17 PhD UP (Assistant Professor and Program Director, NYU Marron), and Shagun Mehrotra ’12 PhD UP (Senior Advisor, World Resources Institute) engaged with GSAPP’s doctoral students.

SAN DIEGO ALUMNI RECEPTION May 1, 2022 Interim Dean Weiping Wu hosted this networking cocktail reception which brought together GSAPP alumni attending the national conference of the American Planning Association, as well as those local to San Diego.

Annual Alumni Party, June 3, 2022

Alumni Reunion, June 4, 2022 MSRED ALUMNI GALA May 12, 2022 The annual MSRED Distinguished Alumnus Award and Gala celebrates an alumnus of the program who is a leader in the real estate industry and has demonstrated a strong commitment and service to Columbia.

The dinner is held in Columbia University’s Low Library Rotunda and brings together over 200 attendees each year. Ernst Valery ’04 MSRED, CoManaging Member of SAA | EVI, was the recipient of the 2022 MSRED Distinguished Alumnus Award. The event featured remarks

by Valery, Interim Dean Weiping Wu, Professor and MSRED Program Director Patrice Derrington, Brian Loughlin ’02 MArch, and David Alexander ’04 MSRED.

ALUMNI WEEKEND June 3–4, 2022 For this event, Columbia GSAPP welcomed alumni back to campus for the first Alumni Weekend celebrations since 2019. On June 3, an alumni party featured remarks by Interim Dean Weiping Wu. On June 4, graduates from class years ending in 2 and 7 were invited to reconnect with classmates; attend presentations by Michelle Young ’12 MSUP, Kaz Sakamoto ’13 MSUP, and Adam Susaneck ’20 MArch; tour the Making Studio and Preservation Technology Lab at GSAPP; and tour Columbia University’s Manhattanville campus designed by Renzo Piano and Diller Scofidio + Renfro.

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<DIRECTORY> [Alumni]

Patrice Derrington, Ernst Valery, Weiping Wu at the MSRED Alumni Gala, May 12, 2022

557 2021-2022 GSAPP ALUMNI BOARD The GSAPP Alumni Board serves as a vital link between GSAPP alumni, Columbia University, professional practice organizations, and current students. The Board’s mission is to foster interaction within the entire GSAPP community, increase alumni participation and strengthen engagement, bridge alumni and students, and promote the GSAPP reputation.

Ruth Benjamin ’10 MArch President Jennifer Romeo ’12 MArch Vice President

Annual Alumni Party, June 3, 2022

MSRED Alumni Gala in Low Library, May 12, 2022

Alumni Reunion, June 4, 2022

BOARD MEMBERS Hala Abukhodair ’20 MSAUD Diane Branch ’03 MSRED Barbara Campagna ’86 MSHP Angela Cavaluzzi ’86 MSAUD Cecily King ’15 MSRED James Kolker ’86 MArch ’84 CC ex officio Dominic Leong ’03 MSAAD Donald Matheson ’03 MSRED Parul Sharma ’15 MSAUD Andrea Sreshta ’11 MArch Peter (Ned) Stoll ’77 MArch ’74 CC Rachel Villalta ’12 MArch Michelle Young ’12 MSUP

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<DIRECTORY> [Alumni]

Columbia GSAPP April 5, 2022 Assistant Professor Erica Avrami ’93 MSHP was named the recipient of the 2022 Preservation Alumni Leadership Award.

GSAPP alumni are inspiring new directions in the fields of architecture, planning, preservation, urbanism, real estate development, curating, and more. This selection highlights some of their accomplishments during the 2021–2022 academic year.

May 4, 2022 Assistant Professor Emanuel Admassu ’12 MSAAD ’13 AAR received a Graham Foundation grant for his publication Where is Africa, co-edited together with Anita N. Bateman.

April 26, 2022 Surella Segú ’96 MSAUD was named Chief Heat Officer in Monterrey, Mexico as part of the City Champions for Heat Action initiative.

April 20, 2022 “Reset: Towards a New Commons,” an exhibition featuring work by Karen Kubey ’09 MArch, Nick Roseboro ’23 MSCCCP, Sharon Egretta Sutton ’73 MArch, and GSAPP faculty Alessandro Orsini and Ignacio G. Galan, opened at the Center for Architecture.

Photos by Sam Lahoz, courtesy Center for Architecture.

February 2, 2022 Teonna Cooksey ’24 MArch MSUP interviewed

by Madame Architect “on changing atmospheres and creating opportunities.”

March 22, 2022 Lily Chishan Wong ’15 MArch was named the 2022-23 Harry der Boghosian Fellow at the Syracuse School of Architecture.

March 3, 2022 Professor Mabel O. Wilson ’91 MArch was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

April 4, 2022 Pierpaolo Martiradonna ’05 MSAAD served as the architect for the U.S. pavilion featuring artist Simone Leigh at the 59th Venice Biennale.

April 20, 2022 Ishita Gaur ’13 MSAUD published the op-ed “Social amenities can make space for social equity” in Architect’s Newspaper.

April 12, 2022 Faculty Karla Rothstein ’92 MArch was interviewed by Columbia News on her latest book The Future of the Corpse, co-edited with Christina Staudt.

April 25, 2022 Tianyu Yang ’22 MArch MSCCCP was featured in the Columbia News article “Meet 15 Lions of Social Justice From the Class of 2022.”

February 1, 2022 Emmanuel Olunkwa ’20 MSCCCP interviewed Professor Mabel O. Wilson ’91 MArch on radical optimism in Pin-Up Magazine.

March 4, 2022 Dominic Leong ’03 MSAAD and faculty Christopher Leong were featured in Architect’s Newspaper article “Leong Leong’s The Norma wants to put a stylish spin on affordable housing.”

February 23, 2022 Interim MArch Program Director and Professor Mario Gooden ’90 MArch performed “Black Holes Ain’t So Black” at SCI-Arc. February 23, 2022 Esi-Kilanga Bowser-Santiago ’04 MSAUD received Crain’s New York Business Notable Black Leaders and Executive Award.

April 8, 2022 Faculty Galen Pardee ’16 MArch opened the exhibition “Territories of Territory Extraction” at Woodbury School of Architecture’s Wedge Gallery.

February 10, 2022 GSAPP Incubator Prize Recipient Fabrizio Furiassi ’19 MSAAD published “Mafia Matters” in Log 53: Why Italy Now?

January 26, 2022 Faculty Nina Cooke John ’98 MSAAD and Jing Liu awarded 2022 USA Fellowships for Architecture and Design.

January 20, 2022 The Architecture Advanced IV Fringe Timber studio led

by Faculty Lindsey Wikstrom ’16 MArch received an Honorable Mention for the 2022 Timber Education Prize.

Abstract 2022

<DIRECTORY> [Alumni]

January 19, 2022 Habitat Workshop, led

by Jieun Yang ’08 MArch, won the 2022 Love in Times Square Design Competition.

January 13, 2022 Faculty Justin Garrett Moore ’04 MARCH MSAUD published “Care, Where?” in Urban Omnibus.

January 11, 2022 Associate Professor David Benjamin’s ’05 MArch firm The Living won the 2022 AIANY Design Award for its design of the Airbus NIS Engine Factory.

December 16, 2021 Eugenie L. Birch ’69 MSUP ’76 UP PhD was profiled by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning as part of its Distinguished Educator Series.

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December 15, 2021 The New Gallery Press published Musings from Chinatown: PeriPandemic Notes on Resilience by Cheryl Wing-Zi Wong ’10 MArch, a bilingual digital publication on how to remember the stories of Chinatowns.

December 13, 2021 Anderson Hsieh ’03 MSAUD was elected as the AIA Shanghai Beijing Chapter 2022 Vice President and 2023 President.

December 7, 2021 André Jauregui ’18 MSHP and Halley Ramos ’18 MSHP of SOE Studio developed a 3D scan visualization of the Tenement Museum for the Washington Post.

November 22, 2021 Nááts’íilid Initiative, which includes Tonia Sing Chi ’18 MSHP MArch, was awarded Monument Lab’s Re:Generation grant for the project “Walking With Dinétah.”

November 16, 2021 “Energy and Historic Buildings” by Assistant Professor Erica Avrami, Jennifer Most ’05 MSHP, HP PhD student Anna Gasha, and Shreya Ghoshal ’20 MSHP MSUP featured in the New York Law Journal.

October 16, 2021 Professor Mario Gooden ’90 MArch premiered a film based on his performance “Black Ground: Dispossession and Inheritance” at the 1014 Past and Future Festival.

November 15, 2021 Curbed’s article “Perfecting the New York Street” featured design work by GSAPP faculty Ifeoma Ebo, Jerome Haferd, and Victor Body-Lawson ’84 MArch.

November 12, 2021 Jane Zhu ’15 MSRED and Chris Byrns ’17 MSRED were featured among Commercial Observer’s Top Young Professionals of 2021.

November 11, 2021 Karen Fairbanks ’87 MArch, Pascale Sablan ’07 MSAAD, and Professor Hilary Sample were honored by the AIANY Women in Architecture Committee.

October 28, 2021 Rajiv Fernandez ’10 MArch launched Historicons, interactive group puzzles that use diverse narratives of U.S. History.

October 21, 2021 Magda Maaoui ’21 UP PhD was interviewed by la gazette on the impact of France’s largest mandatory inclusionary zoning program, Loi SRU. October 18, 2021 Assistant Professor Erica Avrami; Jennifer Most ’05 MSHP, HP PhD student Anna Gasha; and Shreya Ghoshal ’20 MSHP ’20 MSUP published “Energy and Historic Buildings: Toward Evidence-based Policy Reform.”

October 15, 2021 Grace Cheung ’94 MArch, founder of XRANGE Architects, completed the project “Landscape of Trees” for the National Taiwan Museum. Photo by Studio Millspace.

October 6, 2021 Francisco Díaz ’13 MSCCCP and Carol Updegrave ’87 MArch participated in Columbia Global Centers Santiago’s event “Playground: Arfefactos para Interactuar.”

October 4, 2021 Faculty Kate Reggev ’15 MArch MSHP contributed a chapter titled “Architect, Partner, Wife: Mid-Century Husband-and-Wife Partnerships” in The Routledge Companion to Women in Architecture.

October 4, 2021 CIVA’s Institution Building exhibition featured work by alumni Mitch McEwen ’06 MArch and Amelyn Ng ’19 MSCCCP, together with GSAPP faculty Lucia Allais, Juan Herreros, Laura Kurgan, Reinhold Martin, Jorge OteroPailos, Anna Puigjaner, Hilary Sample, Mark Wigley, Dare Brawley, and Jia Zhang.

October 4, 2021 Minjae Kim ’18 MArch and Emmanuel Olunkwa ’21 MSCCCP were profiled in T: The NYT Style Magazine as one of 12 Talents Shaping the Design World.

Photos by Flora Hanitijo and Ricardo Nagaoka.

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<DIRECTORY> [Alumni]

Columbia GSAPP

October 1, 2021 Faculty Lindy Roy ’90 MArch published an article with neuroscientist Leah Kelly titled “Navigating a Nervous Ecology” in Log 52 (Summer 2021).

September 30, 2021 Columbia GSAPP’s MSRED Program appointed Cecily King ’15 MSRED, Adam Lubinsky ’01 MArch, and Christopher Munsell ’16 MSRED as Associate Professors of Professional Practice.

September 24, 2021 CBAC Director Isabelle Kirkham-Lewitt ’15 MArch, Pascale Sablan ’07 MSAAD, and Deanna Van Buren ’99 MArch were featured in the New York Times article “Does Building Better Jails Go Far Enough?”

September 24, 2021 Faculty Galen Pardee’s ’16 MArch Territories of Territory Extraction research project was displayed at MAS Context as part of the 2021 Chicago Architecture Biennial.

September 23, 2021 Faculty Ersela Kripa ’06 MSAAD and Stephen Mueller ’06 MSAAD presented the installation “Spectral” at Exhibit Columbus.

September 21, 2021 Samantha McPadden ’22 MSRED was selected for the NAREIM Jeff Barclay Fellow program.

September 17, 2021 Nisha Baliga ’05 MSUP, Betsy MacLean ’05 SIPA/’06 MSUP, and Preeti Kaur Sodhi ’09 MSUP were recognized on City & State’s Community Engagement Power List.

September 3, 2021 Cydney Lyons ’22 MSRED was named the first Columbia University recipient of the Goldie Scholars Award.

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Erica Avrami, Sara Bronin

<SPRING 2022 LECTURES>

Andrea Fraser, Mark Wasiuta, Felicity D. Scott

Jay Cephas, Ateya Khorakiwala

Ziad Jamaleddine, Elias Anastas, Yousef Anastas

Eric Bunge, Brigitte Shim

562 Columbia GSAPP

Olalekan Jeyifous, Mario Gooden

Mario Gooden, Sean Connelly, Dominic Leong

David Benjamin, Zhu Pei

Lindsey Wikstrom, Dorte Mandrup

Mabel O. Wilson, Galia Solomonoff

Abstract 2022 563

<COLOPHON> Columbia GSAPP Abstract 2022

Book Design Estudio Herrera

Abstract 2022 has been produced through the Office of the Dean, Andrés Jaque. The student work archive, which contains documentation of projects selected by faculty at the conclusion of each semester, is utilized in the making of Abstract.

Printing die Keure, Belgium

Copyright 2023 by the Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York. All rights reserved.

Published by the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Columbia University New York, NY 10027 Editor Shannon Werle Assistant Editors Holly Baker Paige Haskett Cheng Ju Lee Photography Changbin Kim Yunha Choi

ISBN 978-1-941332-90-0

Columbia GSAPP

ISBN 978-1-941332-90-0 Specifications Edition of 1500 Dimensions 450 x 255 mm Materials & Ink Paper 100 gsm Munken print white 1.5 135 gsm Magno gloss 100 gsm Circle offset white 95CIE 150 gsm Munken print white 1.5 135 gsm Magno satin Ink Interior 5/5 (CMYK) Cover 2/0 C This book is typeset with fonts from the GT America and GT Alpina font families.