image 100 KW PV GENERATING PLANT NEAR BELLINZONA-LOCARNO RAILWAY LINE. GORDOLA, SWITZERLAND.
global: transport
(WITHOUT ENERGY FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORT) IN PJ/A
2009
2020
2030
2040
2050
3,199 3,435
3,641 3,987
4,181 4,438
4,671 4,849
Rail
REF E[R]
2,483 2,483
Road
REF E[R]
71,229 71,229
Domestic aviation
REF E[R]
3,994 3,994
5,195 4,775
6,142 5,159
7,715 5,941
10,289 7,115
Domestic navigation
REF E[R]
1,685 1,685
2,089 2,016
2,454 2,200
2,853 2,337
3,394 2,364
Total
REF E[R]
79,391 79,391
86,995 101,380 115,163 129,096 74,491 65,222 51,348 45,586
97,479 113,617 129,912 147,450 84,718 76,568 64,063 59,914
figure 5.13: global: final energy consumption for transport under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario
160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000
••• •• •
40,000 20,000 PJ/a 0 REF 2009
E[R]
REF 2015
E[R]
REF 2020
E[R]
REF 2030
E[R]
REF 2040
E[R]
REF
‘EFFICIENCY’ HYDROGEN ELECTRICITY BIOFUELS NATURAL GAS OIL PRODUCTS
E[R]
2050
85
5
GLOBAL - TRANSPORT
Significant savings are made by shifting the transport of goods from road to rail and by changes in mobility-related behaviour patterns. Implementing a mix of increased public transport as attractive alternatives to individual cars, the car stock is growing slower and annual person kilometres are lower than in the Reference scenario. A shift towards smaller cars triggered by economic incentives together with a significant shift in propulsion technology towards electrified power trains and a reduction of vehicle kilometres travelled per year lead to significant energy savings. In 2030, electricity will provide 12% of the transport sector’s total energy demand in the Energy [R]evolution, while in 2050 the share will be 44%.
table 5.6: global: transport energy demand by mode under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario
key results |
In the transport sector it is assumed that, due to fast growing demand for services, energy consumption will continue to increase under the Energy [R]evolution scenario up to 2020. After that it will decrease, falling below the level of the current demand by 2050. Compared to the Reference scenario, transport energy demand is reduced overall by 60% or about 90,000 PJ/a by 2050. Energy demand for transport under the Energy [R]evolution scenario will therefore increase between 2009 and 2050 by 26% to about 60,000 PJ/a.
© GP/MARTIN BOND
© GP/A. SRISOMWONGWATHANA
image TRAFFIC JAM IN BANGKOK, THAILAND.