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Waste by the Numbers -- - (uv€--o.) In 2006, each person in the U.S. produced 4.6 pounds of wd'ste every day. That's 251.3 million tons total. The graph below shows approximately what hapPens to your trash once it's picked up at the curbside (from the EPA Municipal Solid Waste report of 2006l.
-1€oar:
i,'i INNNN-
,fl. Wit+ar'gas,
r""a..-r.iwlr
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Some trash is sent to incinerators rather than landfills, where it is burned. Many of these incinerators are set up to make use of the heat of burning trash to produce electricity and are called "waste-toenergr" plants. The EPA does not report how much trash is incinerated without enerry recovery. Instead. that is included in the large, solid black section of the graph along with the trash that goes to the landfills.
This graph shows where our waste comes from, before any of it is recycled, composted or incinerated. Non-durable goods are things like paper and clothing that we keep for average of three years or less. Durable goods include things like machinery and furniture, which generally last longer than three years.
The Imperfections of Recycling Recycling is basically a good thing. It saves ener5/ (recycling a ton of paper saves as much ener$/ as 185 gallons of gasoline could produce), saves trees, saves resources, saves money, and keeps landfills from getting too full. In 2006, almost 33o/oof the (nonindustrial) waste we generate was recovered either by recycling or composting (not counting the composting you do in your backyard). That saved the energr 1O billion gallons of gasoline could produce. Unfortunately,
recycling
isn't
all rainbows
and lollipops.
What we usually call "recycling," some people have started to call "downcycling." Have you ever noticed that 1OO% recycled paper is often rougher and tears more easily? This is because paper is not designed to be recycled into exactly the same thing. Ink has to be removed (this is tough and the inks are usually toxic), the paper has to be bleached to make it white again, and the paper fibers are Z
I
.= T 4
I
I I
I
lt5 I,J
t: t.: I:
I I
II
shortened in the process of turning paper into the pulp that makes paper again. The result is a lower quality paper produced using more energ/ and chemicals. If manufacturers want to keep the quality of the paper high, they must add new materials to the recycled paper. Isn't that beside the point? Problems with recycling don't stop at paper, though. The high-quality steel from cars is recycled by melting down large portions of the car. This saves the steel, but it also gets paint, plastic coatings, copper and other metals into the mix. Here, we end up with steel that is no longer good enough to make cars, even after more high-quality steel is added to the mix and the copper is lost. The aluminum in soda cans is another valuable resource that faces the same problems. Every time the metal is "recycled," workers must add new aluminum to the mix, in order to make the metal usable. Keep in mind: lots of the time recycling is the best option available. It's probably better than throwing out all the soda cans you use. But it's important to realize it's not a perfect solution that will fix all of our problems. Alternatives to Recycling: . Re-use things as much as possible . Buy things that are designed to be re-used in the first place, like returnable milk bottles.
K I I I I
I I I
l \lFl-
IY
l\t.r
People are working on designing all kinds of things that are meant to be reused and recycled (not just downcycled)! Some scientists are developing a plastic alternative to paper that is super-durable and can be turned into more "paper" of the same quality. Some manufacturers are also working on making products that are easily disassembled into single-material parts, so these parts can be truly recycled, rather than melting them down all together. If that kind of thing excites you, you should definitely check out Cradle to Cradle. Sources:
IH l^
'
I'
i+l6 F
l" I
I I
Cradle
to Cradle by William
The Gorbage
Pituer
Recgcling Solid Waste Generation, Municipl Environmental Protection ABency
1/i\
Z
and
McDonough
& Michae I Braungart
by the League of Women Disposalin
the United
Voters
St/7tes: Fact and Ftgures
€
for 2OO6.
1
Waste by the Numbers -- - (uv€--o.) In 2006, each person in the U.S. produced 4.6 pounds of wd'ste every day. That's 251.3 million tons total. The graph below shows approximately what hapPens to your trash once it's picked up at the curbside (from the EPA Municipal Solid Waste report of 2006l.
-1€oar:
i,'i INNNN-
,fl. Wit+ar'gas,
r""a..-r.iwlr
''b'(
Some trash is sent to incinerators rather than landfills, where it is burned. Many of these incinerators are set up to make use of the heat of burning trash to produce electricity and are called "waste-toenergr" plants. The EPA does not report how much trash is incinerated without enerry recovery. Instead. that is included in the large, solid black section of the graph along with the trash that goes to the landfills.
This graph shows where our waste comes from, before any of it is recycled, composted or incinerated. Non-durable goods are things like paper and clothing that we keep for average of three years or less. Durable goods include things like machinery and furniture, which generally last longer than three years.
The Imperfections of Recycling Recycling is basically a good thing. It saves ener5/ (recycling a ton of paper saves as much ener$/ as 185 gallons of gasoline could produce), saves trees, saves resources, saves money, and keeps landfills from getting too full. In 2006, almost 33o/oof the (nonindustrial) waste we generate was recovered either by recycling or composting (not counting the composting you do in your backyard). That saved the energr 1O billion gallons of gasoline could produce. Unfortunately,
recycling
isn't
all rainbows
and lollipops.
What we usually call "recycling," some people have started to call "downcycling." Have you ever noticed that 1OO% recycled paper is often rougher and tears more easily? This is because paper is not designed to be recycled into exactly the same thing. Ink has to be removed (this is tough and the inks are usually toxic), the paper has to be bleached to make it white again, and the paper fibers are Z
I
.= T 4
I
I I
I
lt5 I,J
t: t.: I:
I I
II
shortened in the process of turning paper into the pulp that makes paper again. The result is a lower quality paper produced using more energ/ and chemicals. If manufacturers want to keep the quality of the paper high, they must add new materials to the recycled paper. Isn't that beside the point? Problems with recycling don't stop at paper, though. The high-quality steel from cars is recycled by melting down large portions of the car. This saves the steel, but it also gets paint, plastic coatings, copper and other metals into the mix. Here, we end up with steel that is no longer good enough to make cars, even after more high-quality steel is added to the mix and the copper is lost. The aluminum in soda cans is another valuable resource that faces the same problems. Every time the metal is "recycled," workers must add new aluminum to the mix, in order to make the metal usable. Keep in mind: lots of the time recycling is the best option available. It's probably better than throwing out all the soda cans you use. But it's important to realize it's not a perfect solution that will fix all of our problems. Alternatives to Recycling: . Re-use things as much as possible . Buy things that are designed to be re-used in the first place, like returnable milk bottles.
K I I I I
I I I
l \lFl-
IY
l\t.r
People are working on designing all kinds of things that are meant to be reused and recycled (not just downcycled)! Some scientists are developing a plastic alternative to paper that is super-durable and can be turned into more "paper" of the same quality. Some manufacturers are also working on making products that are easily disassembled into single-material parts, so these parts can be truly recycled, rather than melting them down all together. If that kind of thing excites you, you should definitely check out Cradle to Cradle. Sources:
IH l^
'
I'
i+l6 F
l" I
I I
Cradle
to Cradle by William
The Gorbage
Pituer
Recgcling Solid Waste Generation, Municipl Environmental Protection ABency
1/i\
Z
and
McDonough
& Michae I Braungart
by the League of Women Disposalin
the United
Voters
St/7tes: Fact and Ftgures
€
for 2OO6.
1
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school
bring
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instead
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cafeteria.
host a SWAP PARTY! ! f nv it e 6 friends o r m o re L.) Hav e ev er y on e b ri n g a p a p e r b a g fu11 of cl othes, book s , CDs , o r a rt th a t th e y d o n ' t w ant anymore LO S it in a c irc l e w i th th e b a g s i n the mi ddl e of t he c ir c le. On th e c o u n t o f th re e, everyone races to the middl-e and goes through the bags, taking what t.hey want. You can make up your own rules about who gets to keep what if there are oas agr eem en ts . fi Whatever is left.over at the end can be given to y our loc al th ri ft s to re ! Source:. Thrift Score bv A1 Hoff How to L .l
We all know aboutthriftstores:you takethemthe stuffyou don'twantanymore andthe thriftstoressell it, usuallycheaply. But sinceit is all stuffyou'rehappyto giveaway,why shouldanyonepay for it? That'sthe thinkingthat has led to the creationof placescalled"give-awayshops,""freeshops,""swapshops"or "free stores." Give-awayshopsare usuallyset up like regularstores,butthereis no exchange of money. Anyonecan take whatthey want,for free, no stringsattached.The sloganof manysuch storesis, "Takewhatyou want,givewhatyou can." Since and makeno profit. They relyon theytake no money,they are volunteer-run donationsto wash the clothingdonationsthey receiveand pay for rent. the hoursgive-awayshops Sincethey are completelyvolunteer-operated, operatecan vary from placeto placg. Someare opendailyand somehave'free market"eventson weekendsin publicparks. Thereare lots of greatthingsaboutgive-awayshops. Theykeeplotsof useful thingsfrom goingto the landfillor incineratorwhenwe'redonewiththem. They let otherpeoplemakeuseof thesethings. They'refree,so everyonecan afford it! And you can find lotsof coolthingsat give-awaystores,just like at any tllrift store. Where are these places? The first Give-AwayShopswereopenedin the Netherlandsand they are currentlymore popularin Europethan in the US. Thereare give-awayshopsin and Germany.We'vebeenableto find the UnitedKingdom,the Netherlands websitesfor Free Storesin Baltimore,Detroitand Reno. There'sa FreeStorein Portland,Oregonthat is entirelylor teachers,wherethey can get schoolsupplies for free. There are probablylots morearound,but they'rethe sortof thinglocal peopleknow aboutmorethan anyoneelse. Someare ongoingorganizations, someare one-timeevents. Theseare a few websiteswe foundfor free storesin the US: http ://www.myspace.com/renofreestore http ://www.freestorebalti more.org/ http ://www.free-detroit.org/ pplies.org/ http://www.schoolhousesu slart one up! shopthingsto thinkaboutare: lf you'rethinkingaboutstartingup a give-away whereyou'll storethe goods,whereyou'llhavethe store(theycan be the same place)and what sortsof goodsyou'llaccept. Gettingadvicefromthe organizers of an existinggive-awaystoreis probablya good idea,too. - funo-
8
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:napkins for .,)'Eliminating bo'ttled water, saving unused things instead certain for future uses ldt.er and finding o f d i s c ar ding t he m ' "
box to pa p e r bags ' -,Jordan
"I
school
bring
often
re c y c l i n g t ed - J ac k ie
instead
in
home cans
b ins t he
of wasting
are onl
cafeteria.
host a SWAP PARTY! ! f nv it e 6 friends o r m o re L.) Hav e ev er y on e b ri n g a p a p e r b a g fu11 of cl othes, book s , CDs , o r a rt th a t th e y d o n ' t w ant anymore LO S it in a c irc l e w i th th e b a g s i n the mi ddl e of t he c ir c le. On th e c o u n t o f th re e, everyone races to the middl-e and goes through the bags, taking what t.hey want. You can make up your own rules about who gets to keep what if there are oas agr eem en ts . fi Whatever is left.over at the end can be given to y our loc al th ri ft s to re ! Source:. Thrift Score bv A1 Hoff How to L .l
We all know aboutthriftstores:you takethemthe stuffyou don'twantanymore andthe thriftstoressell it, usuallycheaply. But sinceit is all stuffyou'rehappyto giveaway,why shouldanyonepay for it? That'sthe thinkingthat has led to the creationof placescalled"give-awayshops,""freeshops,""swapshops"or "free stores." Give-awayshopsare usuallyset up like regularstores,butthereis no exchange of money. Anyonecan take whatthey want,for free, no stringsattached.The sloganof manysuch storesis, "Takewhatyou want,givewhatyou can." Since and makeno profit. They relyon theytake no money,they are volunteer-run donationsto wash the clothingdonationsthey receiveand pay for rent. the hoursgive-awayshops Sincethey are completelyvolunteer-operated, operatecan vary from placeto placg. Someare opendailyand somehave'free market"eventson weekendsin publicparks. Thereare lots of greatthingsaboutgive-awayshops. Theykeeplotsof useful thingsfrom goingto the landfillor incineratorwhenwe'redonewiththem. They let otherpeoplemakeuseof thesethings. They'refree,so everyonecan afford it! And you can find lotsof coolthingsat give-awaystores,just like at any tllrift store. Where are these places? The first Give-AwayShopswereopenedin the Netherlandsand they are currentlymore popularin Europethan in the US. Thereare give-awayshopsin and Germany.We'vebeenableto find the UnitedKingdom,the Netherlands websitesfor Free Storesin Baltimore,Detroitand Reno. There'sa FreeStorein Portland,Oregonthat is entirelylor teachers,wherethey can get schoolsupplies for free. There are probablylots morearound,but they'rethe sortof thinglocal peopleknow aboutmorethan anyoneelse. Someare ongoingorganizations, someare one-timeevents. Theseare a few websiteswe foundfor free storesin the US: http ://www.myspace.com/renofreestore http ://www.freestorebalti more.org/ http ://www.free-detroit.org/ pplies.org/ http://www.schoolhousesu slart one up! shopthingsto thinkaboutare: lf you'rethinkingaboutstartingup a give-away whereyou'll storethe goods,whereyou'llhavethe store(theycan be the same place)and what sortsof goodsyou'llaccept. Gettingadvicefromthe organizers of an existinggive-awaystoreis probablya good idea,too. - funo-
8
ql0'r#R SffiT ?mqJ U$fGH An Tventng with tstg D onf th"eJ(trs Ta6[c
l BigD and theKidsTableisa ska/punk bandfronBosfon.IhispasfsunmertheywonWarped Toufs Eco-lritiu1r:y ""t contestforbeingthe mostenvironmentally responsible bad. Theipize wasa freetripto EafthEchoheadquailers in Krty West,Floridawitha coupleof lucl<yfans.LoraandPaulinegotto interviewthebandwhentheycamethroughCtevelantl ontheirSteadyRiottourthisfall.Theyareprettyawesome.
Greenlight: Howdidyouguysbeginto educate yourselves aboutclimatechange? DaveMcwane: well,firstthingI did,likemostpeople, wasseeing anInconvenient rruth. I goingonwebsites started anddoinga lotof on-line research. Thenwestarted to workwith everyone onWarped Tour.Thatwasjusthuge. GL:ls thathowyouguysgotinvolved withdrivinga biodiesel bus? seanP.Rogan: Yeah,theysentane-mailout toallthetourmanagers before warpedrour "Hey,thiscostsa littlemore,butyoudon'thavetogoto gasstations saying, to getfuel,we'llbring thebiodiesel fuelrighttotheWarped Toureveryday.Soonlyondaysoffwouldweneedtogoto a gasstation. lt onlycosta littlemore,butweweretheonlybandthatdidit! GL:That'scrazy,especially considering thebiggerbandson thetour. gefting paidenough SPR:Yeah,they're toaffordstufflikethis.Butyouknowwhat?Things like theEco-lnitiative ontheWarped Tour,offering a freetripto KeyWestforbeingthemost environmentally friendly band.... Wewerealready doingthisstuffandweendedupwinning this I trip.Somaybe atleastnowthat'llencourage otherbandsto startdoingit,evenif theycan'tsee t thaftheyshould bedoingit ontheirown. lt justneeda shaight-up people DM:Sometimes incentive to startbeginning to beproactive. on theSteady Riottour? GL:Doyoustillusebiodiesel lt'sa vanwe'vehadforfouror fiveyearsnow. SPR:No,ourvanrightnowisgasoline-powered. wegetwilldefinitely bea dieselandwe'llfigureoutwhatwecandoforbiodiesel. Thenextvehicle Weknowa couple of people thathavedonestraight vegetable oilconversions. Soif thatwouldbe possible because it wouldcostnomoney it wouldbeinsane togoanywhere. Youdon'thaveto payforfuel.Youcanjustarrange it withrestaurants topickuptheirgrease. ...|fwecould transport ourselves to showswewouldn't haveto burnanything.... somehow GL:Liketeleportation? onthat.flaughs] DM:Yeah,we'reworking on tour? GL:Howelseareyouguysbeingsustainable people. ActionNetwork andinform WehaveRainforest DM:Wellonthetour,wejusttryto recycle pamphlets we'vebeenbringing outandgivingspeeches, butotherthanthatthistourhasbeena The we'vedoneuptillnowhasbeenthings we'vebrainstormed. Everything lotof brainstorming. stufflikethat.Sowhatwe'vedonenowitjustourfirststep.Thistourhasjust banners, onstage aboutthenextsteps. beencrazybrainstorming GL:Cool,whataresomeof yourideas? yet...flaughs] someofthemwecan'ttalkabout DM:Well... Weknowhowtoplaymusicandwe'retrying stuffwherewe'reusingourmusic. SPR:lt'sbasically to usethatto makea difference. we it'sthemusic, thevideos wemake, thevideos it'sthesongwriting, DM:lt'severyaspect: project, it'ssomanythings. we'remaking... themerchandise q
I
ourtourmanager, SPR:Onethingwe'vestarted doingonthistouris,everytimewegetfood, getsa bag.LikeifyougotoTacoBellorsomething, he'lljusttakethe JohnCheese, never burritos, andbringit to thetableor backto thevan.AndI started doingit,andit'slike,"Wow,I people it makes. thatdoa littlebit,thebigger difference didn'tuse8 bagstoday." Butthemore gtpeaple DM:Youknowthoselittletravelbagsthattheyq!Ltryr.g-_t9 t0 ta grocery storeinstead of using plastic bags?We'rethinking about making oneof those.
GL:Haveyouconvinced anyotherbandsto start thinking aboutthese issues? DM:We'verubbed offon them,butwedon'tsitbands downandsay:'Well,you knowguys..." That's actually whyTheAKAsaren'tontouranymore... fiaughs] SPR:A couple of bandscomeupto usandsay,"Wow,it'ssocoolthatyouguysareactually taking a stance onsomething andtryingto makepeople moreawareof what'sgoingon," reallyseemliketheywereabouttogoout because a lotof bandsdon'tdothatat all.lt doesn't anddoit too,but,'it'scoolthatyouguysaredoingit.'Andit'slike,comeonguys,weshould all youhavetalking Themorepeople beonthesameleamandweshould together. allbeworking aboutit,thebetlerit'sgoingto beforeverybody. lt should bea positive thing,it shouldn't belike 'We'reallgoingto die!'Nah,wewantto dothisright,let'streateveryone nicelyandhavea good time.lt onlytakesa liftlebitoutof yourdayto trytowastelessmaterial, buylessmateiial, actively recycle... lt'ssuchlittlesteps,littleforgetful stuff.Likewhenweleavethehotelroom yourfriend goes,"Don'tforgettogetallthelights." Onceit'sfriend-on-friend thenyougo,"Oh, practice. rightright'andit'sonyourmindallthetime.Thenit'sa standard
regarding GL:Doyouhaveanyrolemodels thatyoulookto for inspiration sustainability? sold.AndthewholeEarthEcho DM:Psh,AlGore.I thinkhe'ssogreat.I mean,l'mcompletely teamin theFlorlda Keysisa newrolemodelforus.People spending allof theirtimeonthemost important thing... that'sprettykickass to saythat'swhatyoudo.Tosaythatyou?esaving the wodd,that'sa prettysweetjobtitle. GL:Well,lthinkyou'veanswered so thanksso much. allof myquestions, DM:You're Webuildonwriting welcome; it'sexciting to bebuilding onsomething. bettersongs, webuildonhaving onbuilding bettershows, andnowwe'reworking moreconsciousness together. Soit'sa funproject. Besides, wegetsoboredin thevan...8 hoursdriving everyday... it brings outa lotof goodideas. Fornore infocheckoutnyspace.com/bigdandthekidstable. AndbuytheirnostrecentalbumSteadyRiot!
ql0'r#R SffiT ?mqJ U$fGH An Tventng with tstg D onf th"eJ(trs Ta6[c
l BigD and theKidsTableisa ska/punk bandfronBosfon.IhispasfsunmertheywonWarped Toufs Eco-lritiu1r:y ""t contestforbeingthe mostenvironmentally responsible bad. Theipize wasa freetripto EafthEchoheadquailers in Krty West,Floridawitha coupleof lucl<yfans.LoraandPaulinegotto interviewthebandwhentheycamethroughCtevelantl ontheirSteadyRiottourthisfall.Theyareprettyawesome.
Greenlight: Howdidyouguysbeginto educate yourselves aboutclimatechange? DaveMcwane: well,firstthingI did,likemostpeople, wasseeing anInconvenient rruth. I goingonwebsites started anddoinga lotof on-line research. Thenwestarted to workwith everyone onWarped Tour.Thatwasjusthuge. GL:ls thathowyouguysgotinvolved withdrivinga biodiesel bus? seanP.Rogan: Yeah,theysentane-mailout toallthetourmanagers before warpedrour "Hey,thiscostsa littlemore,butyoudon'thavetogoto gasstations saying, to getfuel,we'llbring thebiodiesel fuelrighttotheWarped Toureveryday.Soonlyondaysoffwouldweneedtogoto a gasstation. lt onlycosta littlemore,butweweretheonlybandthatdidit! GL:That'scrazy,especially considering thebiggerbandson thetour. gefting paidenough SPR:Yeah,they're toaffordstufflikethis.Butyouknowwhat?Things like theEco-lnitiative ontheWarped Tour,offering a freetripto KeyWestforbeingthemost environmentally friendly band.... Wewerealready doingthisstuffandweendedupwinning this I trip.Somaybe atleastnowthat'llencourage otherbandsto startdoingit,evenif theycan'tsee t thaftheyshould bedoingit ontheirown. lt justneeda shaight-up people DM:Sometimes incentive to startbeginning to beproactive. on theSteady Riottour? GL:Doyoustillusebiodiesel lt'sa vanwe'vehadforfouror fiveyearsnow. SPR:No,ourvanrightnowisgasoline-powered. wegetwilldefinitely bea dieselandwe'llfigureoutwhatwecandoforbiodiesel. Thenextvehicle Weknowa couple of people thathavedonestraight vegetable oilconversions. Soif thatwouldbe possible because it wouldcostnomoney it wouldbeinsane togoanywhere. Youdon'thaveto payforfuel.Youcanjustarrange it withrestaurants topickuptheirgrease. ...|fwecould transport ourselves to showswewouldn't haveto burnanything.... somehow GL:Liketeleportation? onthat.flaughs] DM:Yeah,we'reworking on tour? GL:Howelseareyouguysbeingsustainable people. ActionNetwork andinform WehaveRainforest DM:Wellonthetour,wejusttryto recycle pamphlets we'vebeenbringing outandgivingspeeches, butotherthanthatthistourhasbeena The we'vedoneuptillnowhasbeenthings we'vebrainstormed. Everything lotof brainstorming. stufflikethat.Sowhatwe'vedonenowitjustourfirststep.Thistourhasjust banners, onstage aboutthenextsteps. beencrazybrainstorming GL:Cool,whataresomeof yourideas? yet...flaughs] someofthemwecan'ttalkabout DM:Well... Weknowhowtoplaymusicandwe'retrying stuffwherewe'reusingourmusic. SPR:lt'sbasically to usethatto makea difference. we it'sthemusic, thevideos wemake, thevideos it'sthesongwriting, DM:lt'severyaspect: project, it'ssomanythings. we'remaking... themerchandise q
I
ourtourmanager, SPR:Onethingwe'vestarted doingonthistouris,everytimewegetfood, getsa bag.LikeifyougotoTacoBellorsomething, he'lljusttakethe JohnCheese, never burritos, andbringit to thetableor backto thevan.AndI started doingit,andit'slike,"Wow,I people it makes. thatdoa littlebit,thebigger difference didn'tuse8 bagstoday." Butthemore gtpeaple DM:Youknowthoselittletravelbagsthattheyq!Ltryr.g-_t9 t0 ta grocery storeinstead of using plastic bags?We'rethinking about making oneof those.
GL:Haveyouconvinced anyotherbandsto start thinking aboutthese issues? DM:We'verubbed offon them,butwedon'tsitbands downandsay:'Well,you knowguys..." That's actually whyTheAKAsaren'tontouranymore... fiaughs] SPR:A couple of bandscomeupto usandsay,"Wow,it'ssocoolthatyouguysareactually taking a stance onsomething andtryingto makepeople moreawareof what'sgoingon," reallyseemliketheywereabouttogoout because a lotof bandsdon'tdothatat all.lt doesn't anddoit too,but,'it'scoolthatyouguysaredoingit.'Andit'slike,comeonguys,weshould all youhavetalking Themorepeople beonthesameleamandweshould together. allbeworking aboutit,thebetlerit'sgoingto beforeverybody. lt should bea positive thing,it shouldn't belike 'We'reallgoingto die!'Nah,wewantto dothisright,let'streateveryone nicelyandhavea good time.lt onlytakesa liftlebitoutof yourdayto trytowastelessmaterial, buylessmateiial, actively recycle... lt'ssuchlittlesteps,littleforgetful stuff.Likewhenweleavethehotelroom yourfriend goes,"Don'tforgettogetallthelights." Onceit'sfriend-on-friend thenyougo,"Oh, practice. rightright'andit'sonyourmindallthetime.Thenit'sa standard
regarding GL:Doyouhaveanyrolemodels thatyoulookto for inspiration sustainability? sold.AndthewholeEarthEcho DM:Psh,AlGore.I thinkhe'ssogreat.I mean,l'mcompletely teamin theFlorlda Keysisa newrolemodelforus.People spending allof theirtimeonthemost important thing... that'sprettykickass to saythat'swhatyoudo.Tosaythatyou?esaving the wodd,that'sa prettysweetjobtitle. GL:Well,lthinkyou'veanswered so thanksso much. allof myquestions, DM:You're Webuildonwriting welcome; it'sexciting to bebuilding onsomething. bettersongs, webuildonhaving onbuilding bettershows, andnowwe'reworking moreconsciousness together. Soit'sa funproject. Besides, wegetsoboredin thevan...8 hoursdriving everyday... it brings outa lotof goodideas. Fornore infocheckoutnyspace.com/bigdandthekidstable. AndbuytheirnostrecentalbumSteadyRiot!
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LoMPo$T-rmma What is compost? Basically,it's decomposedmaterial(mostlyfrom plants)that's reallygood fertilizer. It cuts down on the amountof garbageyou put out at the curb and it meansyou don't haveto buy fertilizerfor your gardenor flower bed. And the best thing is, it's pretty easyand fun to play in the dirt. There are many compostingtechniquesout there. This is one of the easiest. The most importantthing is to get a mix of greenthings like veggietrimmingsand grass(high in nitrogen)and brownthings like dead leaves(high in carbon). This is easiestin the fall when there are plentyof leavesto add to your pile, but it can work other times of the year, too.
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Find a place for your pile: This spot shouldbe level,sunny most of the day and where it won't get in the way. Removethe sod or ground-coverfrom this area to allowyour compostdirect contactwith the soil. This is where it gets the microorganismsthat breakdown waste into compost. Start building: Spreada layerof leaves,twigs and wood chipswhere your pile will be to help keepthe pile well drained. It's easiestto start out with a decent-sizedpib of leaves. Then, every week,add the food wasteyou'vecollected. Dig into the middleof the pile and bury it. This helpswith breakingit down and with hidingit from pests. Add to the pile regularly. The more stuff like dead leavesthere is in your pile,the fasterit will breakdown. About half and half is a good mixtureto aim for. Don't worry about it beingto exactthough.
"This pictue was taken in Meigs County, Ohio where something like eight coal ffuedpower plants have been proposed and permitted in the samearea. The plants would provide power to a huge portion of the eastcoast, but all of the people who live in Meigs County are getting sick from the pollution in their parks, schools, homes and even water. That's also one of the siteswhere they are planning to pump the pressutizedcarbon dioxide emissionsinto the gtound... something that sounds a litde questionable to me."
Optional steps to help your compost along: Turn (aerate) the pile: in cool weather,onceevery two weeksis plenty. In warm weather,turning every 1-2 weeksis ideal.Use a shovelor a pitch fork to mix It up and get a work out. Be sure to re-buryany new food wasteyou turned up. Youdon't haveto tum it regularly,but a lonelypile can take up to a year to finish composting! Water the pile: If your pile is dry, give it some water eachtime you add to the plle. Water it evenly. It's best when the compostfeels like a damp sponge. It shouldn'tbe dripping,just moist. Don't let it get biggerthan 4 or 5 feet high; any biggerwould be hard to manage. Onceyou'vestoppedaddingto one, you can start anotherpile and keep composting.Don't forget about the old one, though! Keepwateringand turning it.
-Anna S.
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LoMPo$T-rmma What is compost? Basically,it's decomposedmaterial(mostlyfrom plants)that's reallygood fertilizer. It cuts down on the amountof garbageyou put out at the curb and it meansyou don't haveto buy fertilizerfor your gardenor flower bed. And the best thing is, it's pretty easyand fun to play in the dirt. There are many compostingtechniquesout there. This is one of the easiest. The most importantthing is to get a mix of greenthings like veggietrimmingsand grass(high in nitrogen)and brownthings like dead leaves(high in carbon). This is easiestin the fall when there are plentyof leavesto add to your pile, but it can work other times of the year, too.
^$-a.o
Find a place for your pile: This spot shouldbe level,sunny most of the day and where it won't get in the way. Removethe sod or ground-coverfrom this area to allowyour compostdirect contactwith the soil. This is where it gets the microorganismsthat breakdown waste into compost. Start building: Spreada layerof leaves,twigs and wood chipswhere your pile will be to help keepthe pile well drained. It's easiestto start out with a decent-sizedpib of leaves. Then, every week,add the food wasteyou'vecollected. Dig into the middleof the pile and bury it. This helpswith breakingit down and with hidingit from pests. Add to the pile regularly. The more stuff like dead leavesthere is in your pile,the fasterit will breakdown. About half and half is a good mixtureto aim for. Don't worry about it beingto exactthough.
"This pictue was taken in Meigs County, Ohio where something like eight coal ffuedpower plants have been proposed and permitted in the samearea. The plants would provide power to a huge portion of the eastcoast, but all of the people who live in Meigs County are getting sick from the pollution in their parks, schools, homes and even water. That's also one of the siteswhere they are planning to pump the pressutizedcarbon dioxide emissionsinto the gtound... something that sounds a litde questionable to me."
Optional steps to help your compost along: Turn (aerate) the pile: in cool weather,onceevery two weeksis plenty. In warm weather,turning every 1-2 weeksis ideal.Use a shovelor a pitch fork to mix It up and get a work out. Be sure to re-buryany new food wasteyou turned up. Youdon't haveto tum it regularly,but a lonelypile can take up to a year to finish composting! Water the pile: If your pile is dry, give it some water eachtime you add to the plle. Water it evenly. It's best when the compostfeels like a damp sponge. It shouldn'tbe dripping,just moist. Don't let it get biggerthan 4 or 5 feet high; any biggerwould be hard to manage. Onceyou'vestoppedaddingto one, you can start anotherpile and keep composting.Don't forget about the old one, though! Keepwateringand turning it.
-Anna S.
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Mostcompostis readyfor use3-6 monthsafter. Goodcompostis darkbrownto blac( crumblyandmoist. Whenthe entirepileis likethis,useit on flowerbeds, pottedplantsor as mulch. gardens, icecream witha tight-fittinglid, likea washed-out Finda container wastes. household bucketor smallgarbagecanto collectcompostable
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Blackwalnutleaves/twigs, ashesfrom coalor charcoal: canbe harmful theirchemicals to otherplants Dairy meatandfish scraps, fats, greaseandoil: these smelland attractpests Yardwastewith pesticides: chemicalscouldkill good compostingorganisms plants: Diseased/infested diseasescouldsurviveand infectother plants Petwaste:couldhave parasites,bacteriaand other germs Weeds:theycansproutagainl Woodin largepieces:wont breakdownfor a looongtime
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butthiskeepsyour Buyor builda compost bin. Youusethe sametechnique, which maketumingthe too, tumblers, compostmorecontained.Youcanbuy composteasier.
Vermicomposting! Forthis,you need'abox(about2\2'x2), peatmoss,partly beddingfor the worms(shreddednewspaper, (red not wrigglers, worms leaves) and decomposed eafthworms).1 or 2 pounds(of worms!)is enoughto startoff with. Feedthem bread,fruitsandveggies(no citruspeels!), coffeegrounds,tea leaves,and plantmaterial.Theircastings fertilizer.Feedoneendof the boxfor a while,all areexcellent the wormswill migrateto that end,andyoujust scoopout the compostfrom the other.
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Mostcompostis readyfor use3-6 monthsafter. Goodcompostis darkbrownto blac( crumblyandmoist. Whenthe entirepileis likethis,useit on flowerbeds, pottedplantsor as mulch. gardens, icecream witha tight-fittinglid, likea washed-out Finda container wastes. household bucketor smallgarbagecanto collectcompostable
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Coffeegroundsandfilters flowers Houseplants, Fruitandveggiescraps ashes(not lots) Fireplace Breadscraps Eggshells grassclippings and Leaves, yardtrimmings Dryerandvacuumcleanerlint Hail.lfur haY& woodchips, Sawdust, straw Tealeaves& bags Cottonand wool rags rolls(likefromtoilet Cardboard paper) uP) Paper(w/o ink,shredded Manure
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Blackwalnutleaves/twigs, ashesfrom coalor charcoal: canbe harmful theirchemicals to otherplants Dairy meatandfish scraps, fats, greaseandoil: these smelland attractpests Yardwastewith pesticides: chemicalscouldkill good compostingorganisms plants: Diseased/infested diseasescouldsurviveand infectother plants Petwaste:couldhave parasites,bacteriaand other germs Weeds:theycansproutagainl Woodin largepieces:wont breakdownfor a looongtime
ft" kfl CorvPosTfDFAs:
butthiskeepsyour Buyor builda compost bin. Youusethe sametechnique, which maketumingthe too, tumblers, compostmorecontained.Youcanbuy composteasier.
Vermicomposting! Forthis,you need'abox(about2\2'x2), peatmoss,partly beddingfor the worms(shreddednewspaper, (red not wrigglers, worms leaves) and decomposed eafthworms).1 or 2 pounds(of worms!)is enoughto startoff with. Feedthem bread,fruitsandveggies(no citruspeels!), coffeegrounds,tea leaves,and plantmaterial.Theircastings fertilizer.Feedoneendof the boxfor a while,all areexcellent the wormswill migrateto that end,andyoujust scoopout the compostfrom the other.
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A New Generationof Environmentalists
that are bad 6.) 0ther waysto helpsiop globalwarmlngare not supportin$companies GE'GAP' like Coca-Cola' Companies to humans. bad therofore, and to the environment, andAppleall fall underthat category.Doyour research! Globalwarming is bad for humanity,and il we don't take action to slowit down,it will severelyhurt today'syouth,and tomorrow'schildren.Two peoplehavejust dieddueto $obalwarming. Are you next? tet's stopthis thing beforeit stopsus. Takeaction' now!
ByJodan C. In the time it takes you to read this article, two peoplewill havediedas a direct result of globalwarmlng. But this is not an article about the environment. This is not about preserving"the beautyofnature".This is not an articleaboutsavingtheworld. This is aboutcommonsense.Thisis aboutthe future ofour children,and our children's children. This is aboutbeingreal, and beingaware of what,sToingon aroundyou. Humanity'sat stake. A lot of peoplehavea skewedvisionof whdt mostenvironmentalists' goalsare. For mo personally,it has nothlngto do with liking the color 6lreen,havinga fascination with huggingtrees, or any other stereotypethat usually goesalongwith the term envlronment&list. For mo,and a lot of peopleI know that are involvedin helpingthe envlronment,lt lsn't so muchaboutsavlngthe environmentas it is aboutsaving ourselves.Globalwarmingis God'sholocauston humanity,and the tenible part is, we'rethe maincontributors.
EDIY:
Statisticsfrom the WorldHealth0rganizationshow that ifit is not haltedin the near future, globalwarning will doubleit's victims in 25 years, to 800,000 peopleper year. It is also predictedthat in the near fuiure, the.southernhalf of Floridawill be flooded, as the sealevelsrise, causingmillions peopleto flea their homesand relocate somewherein another state. "WhyshouldI care?"you may ask, but evenif you live in 0hid that doesn'tmeanyou'râ&#x201A;Ź safe from the wrath of globalwarming:extremeweather ,/ conditionsanda thirst for humanblood. Thespreadof lnfectiousdlseases is anothermaJorconcernamongscientistsand $obal : warmingexperts.severalstudlessuâ&#x201A;Źlgestthat climatechangedue to gobal warming will expandthe geographlcrangeof mosquito-transmitted diseasessuchas malaria, yellowfever, and severe/fatalencephalitisand hemorrhagc fever. It has also been ) proventhat climatechangeheatsup bodiesof water,causingor contributingto more I severeweatherconditionsand storms,such as Hurricane Katrina. Globalwarming is i devastatingto humanity,and ifit is not stopped,it will one day be the death ofus all.
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Luckily for us, we're hqmans,and havethe ability to realizewhen somethingis wrong and try to lix it. In the caseof globalwarming there are many things we can do in our every day lives to stunt the glowth of this killing machine.since most peopleknow of the morecommonways to be human(and environnentally) safe(such as recycling, and turning off the lights when you leavethe room),I figured I,d just list a few ways to helpslow globalwarmin6!that are not so commonlyacknowledged. 1.) Oneway is to reducethe electricity you use in your home,at school,at work, or whereveryou may be.You can do this by unpluggngthings after you're donewith them,buyingflorescentlight bulbs,and evendoingsimpletNngs like chargingyour ipodin your computerwhenyou'reusingyour computeranyways! 2.) Somewaysto reducewaste,are to usea trash compactor,re usethingslike shoe (as wrappingpaper,etc.),and recyclingas muchas possible. boxes,newspaper l( IJ
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Your favotite jeans have too many holes to patch and yout little btother has outgtown a mountain of -I'-shirts. So make a rugl Youtll need: . R"gs- mine ate just denim, but you can use any cloth you want . Scissors,safetypins . Stong needle and thtcad (upholstery thread wotks great) . Thimble (optional, but very hclpful if you'rc using heawycloth) First, cut dl the hems, pockets, collars and scamsoff, Cut the cloth into sttips 2-3 inches widc. 't'hc lonqcr thc strips, the bettet. Fofheavier cloth, like denim, cut nariower sttips, for lightet cloth, cut wider strips. (Don't worry - ragged edgesvdll disappear.)
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Pick three pieces to statt with and fasten the ends togethet udth a safeiy pin ot two and stat braiding. Tuck the cut edses irisidd dhebraid. so they won't show. Also, try keep ^ thibraia the same v/idth andthickness as you go. This will make youf fug mote even.
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A New Generationof Environmentalists
that are bad 6.) 0ther waysto helpsiop globalwarmlngare not supportin$companies GE'GAP' like Coca-Cola' Companies to humans. bad therofore, and to the environment, andAppleall fall underthat category.Doyour research! Globalwarming is bad for humanity,and il we don't take action to slowit down,it will severelyhurt today'syouth,and tomorrow'schildren.Two peoplehavejust dieddueto $obalwarming. Are you next? tet's stopthis thing beforeit stopsus. Takeaction' now!
ByJodan C. In the time it takes you to read this article, two peoplewill havediedas a direct result of globalwarmlng. But this is not an article about the environment. This is not about preserving"the beautyofnature".This is not an articleaboutsavingtheworld. This is aboutcommonsense.Thisis aboutthe future ofour children,and our children's children. This is aboutbeingreal, and beingaware of what,sToingon aroundyou. Humanity'sat stake. A lot of peoplehavea skewedvisionof whdt mostenvironmentalists' goalsare. For mo personally,it has nothlngto do with liking the color 6lreen,havinga fascination with huggingtrees, or any other stereotypethat usually goesalongwith the term envlronment&list. For mo,and a lot of peopleI know that are involvedin helpingthe envlronment,lt lsn't so muchaboutsavlngthe environmentas it is aboutsaving ourselves.Globalwarmingis God'sholocauston humanity,and the tenible part is, we'rethe maincontributors.
EDIY:
Statisticsfrom the WorldHealth0rganizationshow that ifit is not haltedin the near future, globalwarning will doubleit's victims in 25 years, to 800,000 peopleper year. It is also predictedthat in the near fuiure, the.southernhalf of Floridawill be flooded, as the sealevelsrise, causingmillions peopleto flea their homesand relocate somewherein another state. "WhyshouldI care?"you may ask, but evenif you live in 0hid that doesn'tmeanyou'râ&#x201A;Ź safe from the wrath of globalwarming:extremeweather ,/ conditionsanda thirst for humanblood. Thespreadof lnfectiousdlseases is anothermaJorconcernamongscientistsand $obal : warmingexperts.severalstudlessuâ&#x201A;Źlgestthat climatechangedue to gobal warming will expandthe geographlcrangeof mosquito-transmitted diseasessuchas malaria, yellowfever, and severe/fatalencephalitisand hemorrhagc fever. It has also been ) proventhat climatechangeheatsup bodiesof water,causingor contributingto more I severeweatherconditionsand storms,such as Hurricane Katrina. Globalwarming is i devastatingto humanity,and ifit is not stopped,it will one day be the death ofus all.
fr
Luckily for us, we're hqmans,and havethe ability to realizewhen somethingis wrong and try to lix it. In the caseof globalwarming there are many things we can do in our every day lives to stunt the glowth of this killing machine.since most peopleknow of the morecommonways to be human(and environnentally) safe(such as recycling, and turning off the lights when you leavethe room),I figured I,d just list a few ways to helpslow globalwarmin6!that are not so commonlyacknowledged. 1.) Oneway is to reducethe electricity you use in your home,at school,at work, or whereveryou may be.You can do this by unpluggngthings after you're donewith them,buyingflorescentlight bulbs,and evendoingsimpletNngs like chargingyour ipodin your computerwhenyou'reusingyour computeranyways! 2.) Somewaysto reducewaste,are to usea trash compactor,re usethingslike shoe (as wrappingpaper,etc.),and recyclingas muchas possible. boxes,newspaper l( IJ
I
:': rt ; P
FroYlr
lLa,gr
to
IRu.g
Your favotite jeans have too many holes to patch and yout little btother has outgtown a mountain of -I'-shirts. So make a rugl Youtll need: . R"gs- mine ate just denim, but you can use any cloth you want . Scissors,safetypins . Stong needle and thtcad (upholstery thread wotks great) . Thimble (optional, but very hclpful if you'rc using heawycloth) First, cut dl the hems, pockets, collars and scamsoff, Cut the cloth into sttips 2-3 inches widc. 't'hc lonqcr thc strips, the bettet. Fofheavier cloth, like denim, cut nariower sttips, for lightet cloth, cut wider strips. (Don't worry - ragged edgesvdll disappear.)
4
Braiding:
d,
Pick three pieces to statt with and fasten the ends togethet udth a safeiy pin ot two and stat braiding. Tuck the cut edses irisidd dhebraid. so they won't show. Also, try keep ^ thibraia the same v/idth andthickness as you go. This will make youf fug mote even.
il
a When you get to the end of one sftip in you 'Theybraid, sew don't even new orie to-the old one and keep soins. have to be the same color or sizellustle sur6 to tuck the ends on the inside. IO
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