DISABILITY AND POVERTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

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Table 3: Ghana: Characteristics and Economic Well-being of Households across Disability Status (Continued) By Disability Rural HHs of Other workingHHs age adults with disability

All HHs of workingage adults with disability Household poverty indicators Bottom asset index score quintilec Bottom PCE quintile, nonmedical expenditurese Extremely poor (PCE below $1.25 in 2005 PPP) Poor (PCE below $2 in 2005 PPP) Number of observations (unweighted) Note:

Other HHs

Urban HHs of Other workingHHs age adults with disability

All HHs of workingage adults with disability

By Disability (Expanded) Rural Urban Other HHs of Other HHs of Other HHs workingHHs workingHHs age age adults adults with with disability disability

0.16

0.20

-

0.27

0.33

-

0.03

0.03

-

0.17

0.21

-

0.27

0.34

#

0.03

0.03

-

0.20

0.20

-

0.26

0.27

-

0.14

0.10

-

0.21

0.20

-

0.28

0.27

-

0.11

0.11

-

0.47

0.49

-

0.59

0.62

-

0.33

0.33

-

0.46

0.49

-

0.60

0.62

-

0.29

0.33

-

0.71

0.70

-

0.80

0.81

-

0.61

0.55

-

0.70

0.70

-

0.82

0.81

-

0.55

0.56

-

264

2,384

161

1,472

103

912

376

2,248

231

1,389

145

859

a Standard deviations are in parentheses and are adjusted for survey clustering and stratification, estimates are weighted. * T-Test suggests Significant Difference from "None" at 5%. # Pearson's Chi-Sq Test, p-value less than 5%. b For explanations on the disability measures, see notes to Table 1. c For explanations on the calculation of the asset index, see the main part of the study. d Explanations for calculations for asset and living condition deprivations follow. For more information, see the main part of the study. - Assets: The assets indicator considers small assets as TVs, radios, telephones (landline or mobile), refrigerators, washers, motorcycles, and big assets as cars or trucks. We require the household to have a car or any two of the other assets to be considered non-deprived. - Electricity: If household does not have electricity. - Drinking water: If water source does not meet the MDG definitions, or is more than 30-minute walk from water source. - Sanitation: If toilet facilities do not meet the MDG definitions, or the toilet is shared. - Flooring: If the floor is dirt or sand. - Cooking Fuel: If they cook with wood, charcoal, or dung. e PCE quintiles for non-medical expenditures were calculated for all working-age households. HH stands for Household.

Source: Authors' calculations based on WHS. All estimates are weighted and adjusted for WHS complex design.

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