F
Natural vs chemical Coccidiostat
C by Growell, India
Performance of broilers supplemented with natural anticoccidial Coxynil Intake
WG
(1 to 20 days)
(1 to 41 days)
Vaccine
834
649
1,284
3928
2441
1,610
Monensin +Salinomycin
878
694
1,264
3829
2491
1,537
Coxynil + Vaccine
857
671
1,276
3840
2452
1,566
Coxynil
876
686
1,275
3737
2444
1,529
Coxynil Control
FCR
intake
WG
occidiosis continues to be a challenge for poultry, cattle and pig production worldwide. This singular pathogen causes an enormous economic burden to the industry. Vaccines & chemical coccidiostats (anticoccidials) are widely used with a great variety of results. Numerous concerns have arisen concerning the use of chemical coccidiosis deterrents, namely that these drugs can enter the wider food chain causing antibiotic resistance as well as other health concerns not limited to adverse effects from exposure. Though governments have tried to intervene, this article suggests that natural, plant-based anticoccidials can safely replace chemical deterrents, thus protecting human and animal health and saving billions for this industry at large while also promoting the sustainability of cattle, poultry, and pig production. FCR
800
651
1,230
3738
2424
1,542
Control EPM
21,30
10,30
0,025
68,46
22,72
0,026
CV%
5,00
3,10
3,93
3,59
1,85
3,40
Countermeasures Against Pollution by Agricultural Chemicals. https://www.env.go.jp/en/water/wq/ wemj/agri.html 2 Boxall, Allistair B.A. et al. Are Veterinary Medicines Causing Environmental Risk? Environmental Science and Technology https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es032519b 1
EPM – Average standard error; CV – Variation Coefficient; P > 0,05 Researchers : Prof Dr Ana Vitória Fischer da Silva, Prof Dr Alex Maiorka, Prof Dr Elizabeth Santin & Prof Dr Sebastiao Aparecido Borges at FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF PARANÁ , BIOLOGIC SCIENCES SECTOR , DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY - Natural Anticoccidial (Coxynil) for broilers
Sr. No.
Treatment groups
Number of birds
Treatment of coccidiostat
Dose of coccidiostat
Oocyst challenge
1
CA
20
----------
-------
------
2
CB
20
Salinomycin- 6% w/w
1 kg/ton of feed
------
3
CC
20
Coxynil - Herbal coccidiostat
250 mg/kg of feed
------
4
CD
20
Coxynil - Herbal coccidiostat
300 mg/kg of feed
-------
5
IA
20
----------
----------
20,000
6
IB
20
Salinomycin-6% w/w
1 kg/ton of feed
20,000
7
IC
20
Coxynil - Herbal coccidiostat
250 mg/kg of feed
20,000
8
ID
20
Coxynil - Herbal coccidiostat
300 mg/kg of feed
20,000
74 | June 2018 - Milling and Grain
Examples of the published side effects of chemical coccidiostats
Before describing the solution that may be possible in natural anticoccidials, it is helpful to look at the problem of chemical anticoccidials with more specificity. It has been suggested that residues of ionophores in food could cause adverse effects on the health of humans. These substances possess potent cardiovascular properties (KabellETAL, 1979; Fahim and Pressman, 1981). Inotropic effects of lasalocid, the antibacterial drug commonly found in feed additives called Bovatec and Avatec, has been found in vitro, damaging the human heart muscle. (Levy and Inesi, 1974). Another chemical anticoccidial, narasin, has been found to pass into an egg yolk, meaning the drug will easily pass into human food supplies (Catherman ET AL, 1991). Yet another, Decoquinate, is only absorbed to a small extent (SemanETAL, 1989) and is reported to have very low toxicity (Fowler, 1995). Low toxicity is also reported for diclazuril (Fowler, 1995), however, Amprolium, may be found in eggs up to 10 days after withdrawal from animal feed (Kan ET AL, 1989). Amprolium is reported to be fairly atoxic, and it is not permitted in the feed after the beginning