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36 Word-building 282 Summary Compounds • 283 Some words are formed by combining two different words to make a compound. bath + room = bathroom It is usually shorter and neater to say a bathroom than a room with a bath in it. Prefixes • 284 We can add a prefix to a word. For example, we can add the prefix inter in front of the adjective national. A prefix adds something to the meaning. Is it a flight between different countries? Is it an international flight? Here the pattern with the prefix is neater. Suffixes • 285 We can add a suffix to a word. For example, we can add the suffix ness to the adjective kind to form the noun kindness. We won't forget the fact that you've been so kind. We won't forget your kindness. The pattern with the abstract noun is neater.
Vowel and consonant changes • 286 Some related words have a different sound, e.g. hot and heat.
Words belonging to more than one class • 287 Some words belong to more than one class. For example, cost is both a verb and a noun. The shoes cost £50. the cost of the shoes
Nationality words • 288 We can use most nationality words as adjectives and as nouns. a Canadian town He's a Canadian.