Resolution Booklet DigItaly 2021

RESOLUTION BOOKLET

EYP ITALY

DIGITALY 2021

DIGITALY 2021 WEBSITE EYP ITALY

EYP ITALY WEBSITE

TABLE

OF

CONTENT

General Assembly Procedure

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Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on the Environment,

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Public Health and Food Safety (envi ii) Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Employment and Social

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Affairs I (empl i) Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Employment and Social

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Affairs II (empl ii) Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Organised Crime,

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Corruption and Money Laundering (crim) Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Women’s Rights and

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Gender Equality (femm) Motion for a Resolution by The Committee on Environment, Public

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Health And Food Safety I (envi i) Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Industry, Research and

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Energy (itre) Motion for a Resolution by the Committee on Security and Defence (sede)

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GENERAL ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE General Rules •

Committees have the ability to use their Discord text & voice channel for communication during GA.

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Each committee will be afforded two direct responses per debate.

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All delegates are encouraged to vote and refrain from abstaining unless they have a true moral conflict.

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Resolutions pass if they receive more votes in favour than against, otherwise they fail.

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Delegates should afford equal respect to all debates as if they were their own.

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The wish to speak is indicated through the “Raise hand” function on Zoom.

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A chair will act as the committee placard and a delegate as the Direct Response placard.

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Participants will unmute themselves.

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The authority of the Board is absolute.

Times and Procedures •

Reading out of the topic (board)

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Silent time to view and read the resolution (2 minutes)

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Proposition speech (3 minutes)

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Position speech (2 x 2 minute)

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Answer to position speeches (1.5 minute)

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Open debate - 3 rounds (30 minutes)

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Summation speech (3 minutes)

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Voting

Speeches Proposition speech This speech is used by the proposing committee to explain the proposed resolution. It is used to explain the underlying goals and motives of the committee and to show how the current resolution is an efficient way to reach those goals. It is more factual and logical than emotional.

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Position speech After the rounds of debate, two committees will be recognised to deliver two proposition speeches: one in favour and one against the proposed resolution. The speeches should support/disagree with the goals of the committee and/or the general direction of the resolution. They should not consist of a list of points but rather refer to the committee statement.

Summation speech The summation speech will consist of two main parts delivered by a member of the proposing committee. The first speaker will summarise the debate, while the rest of the time will be used to convince the Assembly to vote in favour of the proposed resolution.

Open Debate: • • • • • • •

There will be three rounds of debate lasting for a total of 30 minutes.

The board will recognise a varying number of committees depending on time before returning to the proposing committee for a response.

The chair will raise their hand to indicate that they have a point.

The chairperson is responsible for ensuring the order of speakers within the committee.

Committees may use their Direct Responses to jump the queue only in this portion of the debate.

Points should refer to either Introductory clauses or Operative Clauses of the resolution, focusing on one singular cohesive idea.

Delegates are encouraged to propose alternative solutions and enrich the debate rather than simply asking for clarification.

Direct Responses This placard can only be used to directly answer a point of the Open Debate. The Direct Response should refer to the core of the last point made and not just be on the same topic.

The Direct Response can only be raised twice per debate. If a Direct Response is misused, it still counts as used.

Voting • • • •

The votes will be collected by the Chairpersons via the respective committee channel on Discord.

The chair will raise their hand to indicate that all votes have been collected.

The board will then call upon the chairpersons to orally call out their votes.

Votes will be called out in the format: In favour, Against, Abstaining, Absent eg. (4,6,2,0) DigItaly 2021 I First Digital Session of EYP Italy 5

M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ ​THE​ E​NVIRONMENT​, P​UBLIC​ H​EALTH​ ​AND​ F​OOD

S​AFETY​ (ENVI II)

“Vaccines for all: With imminently available vaccines representing the best chance of ending the COVID-19 pandemic and bearing in mind the calls for vaccinations to be treated as a public good, how can the EU ensure fair access and distribution throughout the Member States?”

Submitted by:

Marta Bovo (IT), Saemi Contro (IT), Giada Chessa (IT), Celeste Francesconi (IT), Filippo Granata (IT), Chiara Laterra (IT), Pietro Rossi (IT), Benedetta Salucci (IT), Pietro Santarossa (IT), Sean Hennessy (Chairperson, IE)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Alarmed by both the global and European ​spread of the COVID-19 virus​, B. Affirming that the EU’s ​primary goal​ is to protect the lives and welfare of its citizens, C. Taking in consideration ​varying levels of impac​t that COVID-19 has had on Member States​, D. Supporting the continued work in vaccine procurement of the European Inclusive Vaccines Alliance (IVA)1, E. Recognising the need for a unified EU response to COVID-19 with regards to vaccine procurement, F. Bearing in mind that Member States have their own vaccine strategies with ​varying levels​ of success, G. Acknowledging the ​present competition for vaccines between Europe and other nations such as the US, H. Expressing concern over the ​high demand of vaccines and the ​possible shortage in the supply of vaccines;

1. Encourages the ​European Medicines Agency (EMA) to continue their work in ensuring a high standard ​ uropean Inclusive Vaccines Alliance (IVA):​The coalition between ​France, Germany, The Netherlands and Italy in order E to boost the EU’s negotiating position with private companies.

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of safety in all vaccines; 2. Urges Member States to: a) revise their own national vaccine distribution strategies to increase the rate of vaccination, b) take inspiration from the distribution plans from other Member States; 3. Strongly encourages Member States to further strengthen the vaccine procurement by following the example of the IVA and engaging in multilateral dialogue; 4. Requests the European Centre on Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) to establish which countries have a greater need for a COVID-19 vaccine by: a) conducting research into Low-Middle Income Countries (LMICs) and Member States healthcare systems ability to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, b) planning a vaccine distribution plan between Member States and LMICs based on factors such as but not limited to infection demographics, survival rates and number of fatalities; 5. Designates Member States with the responsibility to distribute their vaccines as equitably as possible amongst their respective population; 6. Encourages the European Commission to continue entering purchasing agreements with vaccine producers; 7. Calls upon the IVA to enter License-purchasing agreements with vaccine producers; 8. Calls upon the European Commission to increase funding from the European Emergency Support Instrument to spend on vaccines.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ E​MPLOYMENT​ ​AND​ S​OCIAL​ A​FFAIRS​ I (EMPL I)

“Digital Divide: Digital technologies play an important role in the daily lives of most European citizens yet some parts of the population still lack the skills or means to utilise them. Considering the estimation that 90% of jobs in the EU now require such digital skills, how should the EU address the growing digital divide?”

Submitted by:

Claudio Arancio Febbo (IT), Simone Randi (IT), Giulia Rossolini (IT), Davide Rusconi (IT), Sofia Sguassero (IT), Giacomo Trezzi (IT), Veronica Watzek (IT), Yiğit Ateş (Chairperson, TR)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Fully alarmed by the unreadiness of the ​current workforce​ in terms of digital skills, B. Cognisant that possessing digital skills will be an absolute necessity in the future job market, C. Deeply concerned by the ​discrimination inside Member States education systems with regards to the acquisition of digital skills, D. Concerned by the fact that low-income families, rural areas’ inhabitants, people with disabilities and refugees, have little-to-no access to digital technology, E. Convinced that stronger cooperation between Member States is fundamental in order to bridge the digital gap and produce Europeans skilled in Information and Communications Technology (ICT), F. Deeply disturbed by ​gender stereotypes’ persistent presence in STEM industries​, which is related to increasing the gender employment gap, G. Concerned by the ​inequality​ of distribution of education funds among Member States, H. Acknowledging with gratitude the ​Digital Education Action Plan proposed by the European Commission, which aims to provide new generations with digital skills;

1. Encourages the European Commission to develop/elaborate a new plan based on the project of Accelerating the Path towards Physical Internet 2017-2020 by facilitating cooperation between

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Member States and internet service providers; 2. Invites Member States to promote scientific exhibitions, competitions and learning platforms (e.g.

Digital Education Hack​) by advertising them with a special regard to social media; 3. Asks Member States to provide students with all the digital skills required by ​ECDL/ICDL by the end of high school by implementing a compulsory curriculum about digital skills starting from elementary school; 4. Calls upon Member States to provide increased access to technology in urban areas by following the example of the city of Suwon which guarantees a library within 10 minutes’ walk and a learning centre within 20 minutes’ of every citizen’s home; 5. Invites Member States to increase access to digital technology in rural areas by applying the good practices specified in the "​Rising to the Rural Connectivity Challenge​" Handbook; 6. Calls upon the European Commission to enhance ​Erasmus+ projects by promoting collaborations between universities and European companies which are in need of digital vacancies; 7. Calls upon the Joint Research Centre to reduce dependence on external sources of ICT by creating a platform in which every Member State is able to ask for help from other Member States rather than external actors; 8. Urges Member States to combat discrimination against women in the media by following current best practice guidelines; 9. Asks the European Commission to fairly allocate education funds by setting up a technical commission which will be distribute funds among Member States according to their needs, economic situation and education system; 10. Encourages Member States to expand upon the Digital Education Action Plan by endorsing the examples of ​Finland Toolbox and the ​Dutch Digitalisation Strategy where lifelong learning and open exploratory are supported.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ E​MPLOYMENT​ ​AND​ S​OCIAL​ A​FFAIRS​ II (EMPL II)

“Youth unemployment and COVID-19: As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic the rate of youth unemployment in the EU has risen to 17.5%. What measures can be taken to ensure that the European youth are able to enter and succeed in a job market heavily influenced by the pandemic?”

Submitted by:

Virginia Maria Barchiesi (IT), Edoardo Capace (IT), Allegra Nicholas (IT), Emanuele Occhipinti (IT), Carol Palomba (IT), Alice Pozzi (IT), Elena Zenobi (IT), Ismail Malikov (Chairperson, AZ)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Disturbed by the fact that youth unemployment is ​continuously rising​ in the EU, B. Bearing in mind Member States' ​ineffective measures​ taken during the first wave of COVID-19, C. Acknowledging that young people​1​ ​face challenges in training​ to work in digital jobs across Europe, D. Concerned that ​not all young people have access​ to digital opportunities due to the digital divide 2​​ , E. Noting that Member States currently don t have safe alternative methods to ​keep active jobs in the sectors most at risk of collapse due to the Covid-19 pandemic such as tourism, F. Deeply regretting the existence of ​gender inequality​ across youth unemployment, G. Recognising the ​psycho-social consequences​ of unemployment on a young people's mental health, H. Considering the ​lack of work experience​ among young European students, I.

Acknowledging the European youth s ​unawareness of the available EU initiatives to tackle unemployment,

J. Conscious of the ​lack of adaptability of job-education to match the current changes in the labour 1

2

​Young people:​ refers to European citizens under the age of 29. ​The Digital divide ​: ​the problem of some members of society not having the opportunity or knowledge to use computers and the internet that others have.

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market, K. Concerned by the ​dysfunction and unresponsiveness​ of employment centres across Europe;

1. Suggests for Member States to spread awareness about opportunities for unemployed youth by: a) creating a Youth Guarantee​3​ social media profile for each Member State, b) providing online consultations between employment centres and unemployed youth, c) utilising the EURES-based network for digital jobs (work-from-home jobs) across all Member States; 2. Encourages Member States to support unemployed youth s mental health by adopting a psycho-social support system for unemployed youths available through current employment centres; 3. Calls upon the European Commission to improve youth preparation for new jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic through digital training and traineeships, with a particular focus on Green jobs training; 4. Recommends for Member States to give more job opportunities to young people by coordinating to set an earlier common age of retirement of 64; 5. Urges the European Commission to provide equal quality of job opportunities by standardising the quality level of job offers provided through the Youth Guarantee throughout Member States; 6. Endorses Member States to create job opportunities for young people by reserving a portion of their appointed ​European Social Fund and Next Generation EU funds, according to the percentage of youth unemployment; 7. Encourages European universities to ensure students have the opportunity to engage in work experience by: a) creating jobs inside universities for working-students, b) consolidating cooperation with external companies in providing job opportunities for current and graduation students; 8. Invites the European Commission to support youth-led small-sized enterprises by providing financial support in the form of grant schemes and tax relief; 3

​The Youth Guarantee : ​is a commitment by all Member States to ensure that all young people under the age of 30 receive a good quality offer of employment and education within a period of four months of becoming unemployed or leaving education.

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9. Affirms Member States to incentivise employers to hire young people up to 29 years old by following the example of the ​Italian Ministry of Economic Development​, through lowering taxes for small and medium-sized enterprises for hiring young people and interns; 10. Calls upon the European Commission to attract youth to stay in the EU by: a) following the examples of Member States such as Malta, in offering free child care to young parents, b) giving tax relief to young Europeans for their first house, to be paid back when they exceed the average annual income of their country, as is ​the case in Norway​.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ O​RGANISED​ C​RIME​, C​ORRUPTION AND​ M​ONEY​ L​AUNDERING​ (CRIM)

“​Smooth Operations: According to Europol over 5,000 organised crime groups were under investigation in 2017 in the EU, with many of these groups now operating on an international level. Considering the transnational nature of this phenomenon, what actions should the EU take to better support Member States in tackling the spread of organised crime?”

Submitted by:

Benedetta Bocciardo (IT), Myriam Gnezda (IT), Demetrio Kompare (IT), Nunzio Licalzi (IT), Anna Lucherini (IT), Francesco Oppia (IT), Otto Titoni (IT), Askanio Ferraj (Chairperson, AL)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Acknowledging the fact that the ​Schengen Information System (SIS) only applies to third-country nationals1 in the EU, thus​ facilitating the spread of organised crime​, B. Fully bearing in mind that ​60% of the victims of organised criminal acts do not file a report to their local police, fearing repercussions from the perpetrators, C. Concerned by the fact that ​defamation laws dissuade possible reporting of corruption and organised crime activities, D. Gravely concerned by the ​inadequate amount of cooperation between Member States and Europol, thus resulting in: a) little to no involvement of local authorities, b) unequal sharing of statistical criminal data, E. Cognisant of the considerable degree of ​disparity among the national legal frameworks of Member States, ​causing friction in the development of a common approach to tackling organised crime​, F. Noting with deep concern the inefficiency of the technique of tackling organised crime as one issue,

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​Third-country nationals​ are individuals who are not EU citizens and who do not enjoy the EU right to free movement.

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G. Taking into account that Organised Crime Groups (OSGs) ​adapt their means of conducting business relatively quickly​ based on their needs and contemporaneous conditions, H. Pointing out the ​jurisdictional limits of Europol in Member States and its inability to cooperate with private third parties;

1. Calls upon ​FRONTEX, the European Border and Coast Guard Agency​, to increase security by performing vehicle and cargo checks for every border crosser, being a member of the Schengen Area or not; 2. Recommends for Member States to develop a more efficient database on organised crime by fostering improved connections between local and pan-european authorities; 3. Urges all Member States to encourage citizens to report organised crime by depenalising defamation in their legal systems for cases in which allegations of organised crime in European countries are in question; 4. Authorises the European Commission to protect the safety of all EU citizens by making data sharing mandatory; 5. Calls upon the European Commision to create a new set of harmonised laws pertaining to Organised Crime by convening all Member States to sign such a new treaty before 2025; 6. Urges the European Commission to fight OCGs by enabling technology specialists to perform a higher quality data analysis on what is currently know about such organisations; 7. Requests for the European Commission to prevent the spread of OSGs by allowing Europol to take action regardless of the number of Member States afflicted by such OSGs; 8. Encourages Member States to raise awareness regarding organised crime through scholastic programmes detailing how certain OCGs operate and the existing possibilities for protection that victims have; 9. Invites the European Commission to collapse the overarching criminal structure by developing a common strategy that focuses on fighting OCGs’ activities on a singular basis; 10. Recommends for Member States and their local law enforcement agencies to guarantee witness protection programs by sharing current best practice guidelines.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ W​OMEN​’​S​ R​IGHTS AND​ G​ENDER​ E​QUALITY​ (FEMM)

“Not my job: Given the employment rate of men is higher than that of women, 74 % compared with 63 % in the EU in 2018. What steps should the EU take to combat the gender employment gap and ensure that women may both enter and succeed in the workforce?”

Submitted by:

Maria Balestreri (IT), Linda Bellagamba (IT), Cecilia Boccoli (IT), Jacopo D’Avino (IT), Keira Brafa Misicoro (IT), Lavinia Parisi (IT), Alice Radaelli (IT), Emili Serra (IT), Mara Turel (IT), Elene Shamanadze (Chairperson, GE)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Concerned that according to the European Commission's EU27 Data, women in the EU earn on average 14.1%​ less than men, B. Noting with regret that the ​gender employment gap rose​ in multiple Member States, C. Deeply conscious that ​gender-based ​stereotyping is still present in the EU, D. Cognisant of the lack of public awareness on the closing of the gender employment gap as a means of achieving gender equality, E. Emphasising that ​31.4% of women in employment work on a part-time basis, compared to less than 8.2% ​of men, F. Alarmed that more than ​50% of the potential female workforce in certain Member States are unemployed in order to take care of children or incapacitated adults, G. Noting with deep concern that the average paternity leave1 in the EU is ​12.5​ days, H. Alarmed that ​women are underrepresented​ in the fields of science and engineering across the EU, I.

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Fully alarmed by the EU wide ​sectoral segregation as mothers of young children are under-represented in male-dominated occupations,

​Paternity leave ​is a period of absence from work granted to a father after or shortly before the birth of his child.

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J. Noting with regret that women are exposed to more ​sexism and discrimination at work than their male coworkers, K. Further noticing that in ​developed economies​, women who have a spouse or a partner are less likely to be employed in a paid job or be actively looking for one, L. Deeply disturbed that women are still expected to undertake the majority of ​household management as unpaid work;

1. Calls upon the European Commission to improve workplace wage equality by: a) establishing clear rules for promotion based on merit, b) affording pay transparency between employees, c) offering gender-balanced job interview panels, 2. Calls upon Member States to consider the adoption of best practices for gender equality in the workplace, established by Sweden and Norway, such as: a) prohibiting the specification of one s gender, marital or family status in job applications and interviews, b) granting annual parental leave to all parents, c) encouraging companies to include pink-quota systems 2, 3. Encourages Member States to provide childcare grants to allow women to return to work after periods of maternity or parental leave, 4. Encourages Member States to further support working mothers on their return to employment after periods of maternity leave by: a) ensuring women return to the same role and salary they had prior to maternity leave through independent evaluation of company policy, b) issuing monetary fines to companies in breach of the aforementioned clause, c) offer, where possible, the option for mothers to work flexible hours and work from home, 5. Endorses Member States reevaluate their current paternity leave policies to further allow a balance

2

​ ​Pink Quota systems ​are the percentage of positions reserved by law for women in public and private organisations.

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between the responsibilities of childcare between both parents, 6. Proposes the ​European Institute of Gender Equality to highlight the effects of the underrepresentation of women in currently male-dominated fields by launching a media campaign across all Member States, 7. Encourages Member States to adopt current second-level civics and history syllabi to include teachings on the history of inspirational women and thus the importance of gender equality.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

T​HE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ E​NVIRONMENT​, P​UBLIC​ H​EALTH​ A​ND​ F​OOD S​AFETY​ I (ENVI I)

“Better Help: According to the European Drugs and Drugs monitoring agency approximately 30% of adults in the EU have used illicit drugs at least once in their lifetime. Considering this high prevalence and the fact that the EU drug strategy expired last year, what stance should the EU adopt regarding future drug strategies?”

Submitted by:

Flavio Asaro (IT), Francesco Bortolussi (IT), Matthieu Chiagano (IT), Isabella Mauri (IT), Klaudio Sallaku (IT), Mattia Sturniolo (IT), Giulio Tettamanti (IT), Iva Petrešević (Chairperson, RS)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Alarmed by the steady rise of ​drug consumption in the age bracket 15 to 34 in most European countries from 2000 to 2018, B. Taking into account that the COVID-19 pandemic has ​worsened the socio-economic situation leading to increased drug usage, C. Aware of the lack of common educational ​policies​ about drugs among Member States, D. Anxious about the ineffectiveness of common information campaigns, leading to: a) a lack of early ​education ​about dangers related to drug use and healthy lifestyle, b) misleading ​information ​at the population’s disposal, E. Expressing its regret for the great discrepancy among Member States regarding reliable and comprehensive ​data ​about drugs, F. Deeply concerned about the ​social stigma ​surrounding drug users seeking treatment especially coming from social minorities such as people affected by the ​comorbidity of substance use disorders and mental illness, G. Profoundly concerned that in difficult socio-economic ​conditions​ drug usage and trafficking increase, H. Taking into consideration that prohibitionism has introduced more harmful drugs and synthetic DigItaly​ 2021 I First Digital Session of ​EYP Italy 18

alternatives​, I.

Deeply concerned about the ​allergic reactions​ resulting from substances used to lace illegal drugs;

1. Encourages Member States to ensure the control of the supply and the quality of drugs by promoting a legalised and regulated drug market among Member States; 2. Invites Member States to coordinate data coverage and research about drugs by drafting an official and scientifically reliable bulletin of information in order to empower European citizens; 3. Requests for the World Health Organisation to promote long term medical support by: a) creating a shared protocol to redirect drug users to treatment facilities, b) considering drug users as medical patients rather than as criminals; 4. Calls upon European Monitoring Center for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) to inform citizens, particularly those in difficult socio-economic areas, about drug use by: a) providing school and in-the-workplace counseling, b) establishing specialised centres for information, prevention and drug treatment; 5. Proclaims the Member States need to facilitate better drug education by drawing up a General Programme for Prevention and Drug Education1; 6. Requests for the European Commission to provide scientifically reliable and updated information about drugs and their long and short-term impact on health and society by increasing funding for further research about drugs, such as to the EMCDDA; 7. Calls upon the EMCDDA to reduce the possibility of deadly reactions to illicit substances by funding innovative projects such as ​NIDA Junior Scientists Program​.

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​General Programme for Prevention and Drug Education:​ is a flexible and adaptable document exploitable in schools and educational centres.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ I​NDUSTRY​, R​ESEARCH​ ​AND​ E​NERGY​ (ITRE)

“Energy Dependency: In 2018 the energy dependency rate in the EU was equal to 58%, meaning half of the EU’s energy needs were satisfied by foreign producers. Considering the vulnerability of a dependent energy market, how should the EU ensure a stable and resilient energy market without depending on net imports?”

Submitted by:

Marta Battisti (IT), Federica Anna Rita Bellomo (IT), Eleonora Cocucci (IT), Costanza Emanuele (IT), Luca Matteo Menkhoff (IT), Giulia Rellini (IT), Alice Simonetti (IT), Vittoria Spiniello (IT), Anna Varaschin (IT), Frederik Reiff (Chairperson, DE)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Keeping in mind the steadily rising energy dependency rate, as the stable energy consumption meets a decreasing ​internal energy production​ in the EU, B. Aware of the difficulties concerning replacing natural gas in light of the ​sectors it is used in​, C. Fully aware that the transport sector accounts for ​79% of EU consumption of oil and energy​, D. Concerned by the insufficient speed concerning the development of the technology and roll-out of electric vehicles, E. Alarmed that the EU imported a staggering ​44.7%​ of its natural gas from Russia in 2019, F. Noting with deep concern that the practice of fracking to decrease the energy dependency rate poses a threat​ to both the environment and human health, G. Acknowledging that natural gas and renewable energy are alternatives to the combustion of coal and oil, H. Noting with satisfaction the success of the ​Energy Efficiency Financial Institutions Group (EEFIG) in providing a significant contribution in accelerating private finance for energy efficiency-measures, I.

Expressing its satisfaction that plans have been set up for pioneer projects in the field of renewable energy;

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1. Requests Member States to reduce the energy dependency rate by increasing the internal energy production and decreasing the overall energy consumption; 2. Encourages the European Commission to reduce the use of natural gas by facilitating investments into renewable energy and technologies that increase energy efficiency; 3. Recommends Member States to invest in low and zero-emission public and private transport using technologies like electric vehicles, hydrogen and biofuels; 4. Urges the Member States to support the development of related electric charging infrastructures that provide sustainably produced energy, alongside with the promotion of electric vehicles and the use of hydrogen fuel cells; 5. Recommends the ​Directorate-General Mobility and Transport (DG MOVE) with Member States to achieve the goal of only zero-emission vehicles by 2030, by revising the Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy​; 6. Further recommends Member States to keep the Green Deal going by reducing imports of coal and oil from all supplying states by 2030; 7. Urges the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy ensure a secure and steady flow of Russian energy to Europe by fostering stable diplomatic relations with Russia; 8. Calls upon Member States to encourage enterprises and industry associations to use alternatives to fracking such as ground source energy, biomethane from waste and air source heat pumps; 9. Calls upon the DG MOVE to establish further groups to accelerate private finance for the renewal of the transportation sector, following the example of the Energy Efficiency Financial Institutions Group; 10. Calls upon Member States to follow the Danish government’s example of a €28.28 billion ​wind energy hub​, finding new means of producing renewable energy according to the natural characteristics of their territory.

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M​OTION​ ​FOR​ ​A​ R​ESOLUTION​ ​BY

THE​ C​OMMITTEE​ ​ON​ S​ECURITY​ ​AND​ D​EFENCE​ (SEDE)

“​Safeguarding our future: ​As the prevalence of terrorist attacks across the EU continues to increase, how can the EU increase cooperation between security services to ensure the safety of all European citizens whilst also ensuring their right to privacy?”

Submitted by:

Daniele Barroccu (IT), Chiara Carlini (IT), Astrid Elia (IT), Beatrice Filippucci (IT), Rezart Kulla (IT), Martina Milani (IT), Gaia Rupp (IT), Savio La Vecchia (IT), Ema Myftiu (Chairperson, AL)

The European Youth Parliament, A. Noting with regret the prevalence of ​terrorism​ in Europe over the last decade​, B. Taking into consideration the right of every citizen to the protection of personal data as stated in Article 8​ of the European Convention of Human Rights, C. Fully alarmed by the misuse of anti-terrorism laws as a means of: i)

restriction of press freedom in ​Hungary​,

ii) immobilisation of climate change protests in ​France​, D. Noting the ​inefficiency​ of ethnic-profiling1 as a counter-terrorism surveillance measure, E. Further noting the ​effects​ of ethnic-profiling on its subject individuals, F. Taking into consideration the recent ​rulings of the ​Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) on data retentions, G. Recognising ​youth radicalisation​ as the main cause of terrorism, H. Fully aware of the increasing utilisation of the ​Internet as a means of recruitment by violent extremists and criminal organisations, I.

Recognising illicit firearms trafficking as a ​contributor​ to the facilitation of terrorist attacks,

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​Ethnic-profiling ​is the use of law enforcement of ethnicity, religion, national origin as the basis for suspicion in directing discretionary law enforcement actions.

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J. Deeply regretting the lack of external cooperation between EU bodies and Member States, contributing to the development of a divided resistance against terrorism, K. Fully aware of the importance of electronic evidence ​exchange as a key component to combat serious cross-border crimes;

1. Requests the European Commission to prepare an annual report in cooperation with NGOs such as Amnesty International​ on misuse of anti-terrorism laws in Europe by: a) including an analysis of government-sanctioned policing and its consequences for the freedom of citizens in the EU, b) submitting annual reports on the matter to Parliament; 2. Condemns the use of ethnic profiling as a means of combating terrorism; 3. Instructs European law enforcement agencies to implement a new profiling system which includes characteristics of citizens such as but not limited to age, criminal background, social upbringing, social media activities, and mental health; 4. Calls upon the ​European Cybercrime Center (EC3) to undertake an anti-firearm trade operation in close cooperation with ​Eurojust​ for a duration of five years beginning in 2022; 5. Recommends the ​Europol to minimising access to firearm trafficking through the dark web by implementing an ethical hacker2 service; 6. Encourages the European Commission to increase the efficiency of current data analysis systems to by classifying data on surveillance basis following the best data analysis policies; 7. Encourages the European Commission to increase the efficiency of threat analysis by introducing a data analysis and surveillance system; 8. Invites Member States to actively combat radicalisation by introducing a civic education curriculum; 9. Expresses its appreciation for the establishment of an ​ e-Evidence Digital Exchange system​.

​An ​ethical hacker ​is an ethical computer security specialist who hacks into a computer network in order to test its security, rather than hacking with criminal or malicious intentions.

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DigItaly​ 2021 I First Digital Session of ​EYP Italy 23