From ACCESS to Power of Voice by EWORKSTYLE-POV

Access to Power of Voice

Economy, Work & Lifestyle Journal

COMMUNICATIONS TODAY

BUILDING EQUITY: VERBAL, WRITTEN & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS MEDIA

The Print, Broadcast & Web Frontier

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INSTRUCTOR LED CLINICS, WORKSHOPS, COURSES VERBAL, WRITTEN & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

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FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

EWORKSTYLE JOURNAL Economy, Work & Lifestyle Edition Editor-in-Chief, Paula Robinson Deare

Editor at Large, Vincent Paul Deare

Editorial Team Sean McCarthy, Steven L. Robinson, Curtiss E. Robinson, Chaun A. Robinson

Contributors Michael D’Antoni, Jessica Melbourne, Tylor Felix, Ka-Lana Almeida, Kayla Mercado, Amanda Santangelo, Sarik Ramos, Jordan Lopes, Darnel Staley, Edwin Sanes Alehandro, Ariadna Contreras-Roig, Savon Baptista, Luana Lima, Yamilett Vargas, Tisiana Dalomba Photoraphy V. Paul Deare, Contributing Photography Tylor Felix, Yamilett Vargas

EDITORIAL OFFICES P.O. Box, 40295, New Bedford, MA 02744 © Eworkstyle Institute Publications www.eworkstyle.org economy, work & lifestyle

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Communications Today

ACCESS to POWER of VOICE

Verbal, Print & Media Coaching for Workforce Development on the Print, Broadcast and Web Frontier PAGE CONTENTS 5 6 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21 22 24 25 26 27 30 32 34 35 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 57 4

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Eworkstyle Institute History Internet Revolution & The Web Frontier The History of Power & Money EI Companion Videos Power of Voice Why ACCESS? Paul & Paula Web Advertising Local to Global Home Local to Global Shops Local to Global Work Knowledge Workers The Creative Class Has Launced STEAM: Michael D’Antoni Science, Technology, Art, Engineering & Math Social Media Influencers: Jessica Melbourne About a Livable Wage Empowering Women Equal Rights, Women & Empowerment: Kayla Mercado On Being a Young Mom: Ka-Lana Almeida The Blue and Green Economy: Tylor Felix The Cape Verdean Migration: Luana Lima Emerging Occupations Creative New Bedford: Sean McCarthy Emotional Intelligence: Ariadna Contreras-Roig Discussions, Literacy & Comprehension Freedom Isn’t Free: Savon Baptista Art vs. Technology: Amanda Santangelo The Pros & Cons of Gaming: Sarik Ramos Nutrition and Wellness: Jordan Lopes The Culture of Wellbeing: Darnel Staley Native Lands & Abuse of Privileges: Edwin Sanes Alejandro A History of Boating in New England: Yamilett Vargas NE an Oceanside Region Full of Interest: Tisiana Dalomba Free Discussion Realms

EI History EWORKSTYLE INSTITUTE, Inc., is a non-profit 501c3 founded in 1995, via research on homicide prevention and community development that began in Boston, MA, U.S.A. From 1982 – 1992, as a result of my work in broadcast media, I began my first Fellowship with MIT, Department of Urban Studies and Planning; where I studied a variety of scientific reports that showed persistently unpleasant media stories negatively shape the lives of youths and adults. These reports demonstrated, by eighteen youth watched some 22,000 accumulated hours of TV with a rate of 80% violence compared to 11,000 hours of classroom time. Movies that glamorized gang lifestyles earned billions by 1990. My question was, “What precedent was being set for youth identification?” In 1990, 148 homicides occurred in Boston. Today movies that glamorize violence earn well over $40 billion worldwide. My research had also shown that youths who committed homicide were drawn to that extreme as the result of an argument, whom at the point of furious hostility had no practice, nor skills, in how to diffuse said argument. I set out to change that precedent by developing Eworkstyle Institute with Paul (pg. 12). Our experience with print, radio and broadcast television is the foundation for our teaching live and web-based instructional media delivery. We combat negative journalism by teaching our students\instructors corrective, experiential storytelling as a method to replace falsehoods with facts. We’ve since collaborated with agencies, schools and universities to replicate this process. In recent years, we’ve focused on the “Power of Voice,” in the context of teaching web frontier skills in global strategies and innovation. We’ve created a variety of leadership courses on the selection of an issue which is researched and written over several weeks to be developed into a culturally competent method for a particular audience and delivered in a media based presentation. The soft skills students develop include: self-awareness, self-esteem and self-empowerment. In this

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

Paula Robinson Deare, Founder\CEO

way we focus on what makes a person whole, including self-development and self-confidence. We find, the importance of speaking up to present a solution on an issue before a concerned audience is a necessary skill in the knowledge of local to global consciousness, including rethinking socio-historic perspectives for framing economy, work and lifestyle from early man through the middle ages, to early Americas and current times. We create programs in communication and cultural support as well as innovative media projects in preparation for transition to the world of work via post-secondary education and training. We deliver an intense but incredibly reassuring and rewarding environment as students and instructors spend time learning independent thinking, fortitude and adaptability for new environments. Our expertise and experience spans fifty-plus years in teaching and more than thirty-plus years with this range of practices. We excel in providing the innovative and the unexpected in courses from our real-time life experiences. Our learning community structure is a group dynamic interchange where classmates help classmates via dialogue and shared similarities imbuing peer trust and growth. Our process helps students grow independently as they develop and share new lifeskills with pride as part of a culturally competent and experientially diverse learning community. Please enjoy this journal. Have a class you would like to try? We welcome new challenges in teaching, email us: info@eworkstyle.org. economy, work & lifestyle

INSTRUCTOR LED CLINICS, WORKSHOPS, COURSES VERBAL, WRITTEN & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS We can no longer ignore the direct impact of technology and communications on our lives. The world’s work industries are now dominated by communications technologies. We’ve witnessed millions of people laid off around the world because of technology enhanced corporate mergers and developments. But we haven’t figured out what this means as next steps for Americans looking for work. In order to better understand the communications based economy; let’s quickly review how America’s economy works and then go forward to see where we stand. The quickest way to do this is to summarize three major historic trends in our country’s gross domestic product (GDP), the total value of all finished goods and services made within one year. In the 1600’s, colonial America” began its GDP with an agricultural revolution based on good soil, large plantations and high-value cash crops of “cotton, sugar, rice and tobacco,” with the forced free labor of American slavery; which made these products so lucrative and so “high value” for centuries. Cotton, sugar, rice and tobacco agriculture grew into textile, food and service industries. These developments expanded and waned over some 300 years. During this difficult, exploitive and oppressive time, parents and grandparents taught their skills to younger generations. Eventually, a wide variety of machines were invented making farm work easier and which required far less people. Thus, machinery and related advances changed the GDP, bringing the U.S.A. its first major set of work related layoffs. Enter the making and using of massive machinery, metal manufacture as well as tool and transport becoming industries and the foundation of America’s industrial GDP; better known as the “Industrial Revolution;” lasting about 150 years. Machinery advanced agricultural techniques and practices to the point where far less people were needed to generate tremendously increased supplies of foods and raw materials. Mechanical technologies also changed the business of industrial organization; bringing to it super-efficiency and increasing domestic and 6

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Internet Revolution foreign commerce and large profits. Again parents and grandparents taught their skills to younger generations; wherein a nation of factory workers joined assembly lines to make parts and equipment such as cars, trucks and trains, as well as packaged food, attire, chemicals, medicines and weapons. As machinery became more technologically sophisticated by the end of the 20th Century; computers began to automate factory work and even ran machines that created more computers. These advances in machinery became the basis of a “Technology Revolution” GDP; spearheading a second round of mass layoffs in the U.S.A. During the Technology Revolution, which lasted about 30 years; citizens scrambled to trade schools, colleges and universities to update their skills. Computer technology had a huge impact on destabilizing the American workforce, because parents and grandparents had no time to either learn use of or teach these machines. However, before the technology revolution could take hold at the beginning of the 21st Century, the internet came on the scene in 1995. Over the ten years that followed, the internet brought phenomenal software applications which mimicked robotic behaviors; and digitization that made all text, music, photos, video and film electronic. The internet provided access to a global web frontier; which made neighbors out of people in distant countries, by shortening day long travel times to “webinars” and video phone calls. These changes happened in the marketplace quickly because they offered corporations a savings in billions. Of course another set of huge layoffs came as hundreds of thousands of employees scrambled to participate in the digital revolution. However, the shortened time frame devastated the economy as it left millions of people scrambling for direction as their jobs and industries simply disappeared. We are now approaching an “Information Revolution” GDP (also known as the Information Economy); where software, technology and web aided ‘ease of communications;’ has impacted research,

& The Web Frontier

sales and every area of our lives. This ease of communications is based on the simple formula of your information plus my information equals double the information. Well, multiply this doubling among billions of web users and you have what experts define as the “total collective global information;” which began doubling every 5 years in 1995. Today, experts have determined the total collective global information is doubling every 11 hours. Now imagine for a moment, going to a library for a book - only to find their entire collection of materials piled all over the floors and that pile is doubling every eleven hours. How would you find anything? This is a metaphor for the web; and that is where we are with this new “information economy.” The “Information Economy” also known as the “Information Revolution” is based on sorting, organizing, storing and categorizing all of this continuously doubling information so that it can be used efficiently. Opportunities for work in this century lay within helping corporations, agencies, governments, etc., get precise up-to-date, accurate information; at any given moment, in every area of expertise. A successful internet and booming technology have caused the manufacture and exchange of information to be more profitable than the manufacture of industrial goods. This “information revolution” has spearheaded a global information economy, where the global web is the foremost trade method used in

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

combination for instant communications and worldwide transportation. The global information economy has profoundly transformed the way we live and work. Across the U.S.A. and in major cities around the world, online consumer buying has driven corporations to build regional warehouses for technology use and industry growth on the edges of post-industrial communities. In New England, transportation infrastructure, communications, human capital and concentrations of world-class universities are driving such assets. Further, blue, green and high service industries along with social and cultural tourism are poised to glean billions in venture capital and consumer spending. In middle class and affluent neighborhoods, information networks built upon digital technologies give diversity in revenue and development to those who have the awareness and skills to access economic, social and intellectual benefits. The prospect of such access brings competition from around the world that for the most part tremendously improves the quality of life for the educated, creative and innovative. Such access and utility creates a kind of sheer dynamism that makes metropolitan regions successful as the profit-based furnaces of the global economy. However, those in poor neighborhoods who have low literacy, are under-educated, under-skilled are often living on the boundaries of growing metropolitan regions without access to the benefits of the information economy and therefore, are left in exile. economy, work & lifestyle

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EI ACCESS Program

Above: Students and Community Leaders discuss “The History of Power & Money,” watch free at www.eworkstyle.org

The Eworkstyle Institute ACCESS Community Fellows Program is designed to teach critical thinking and developmental skills needed to succeed with college and professional careers. We integrate the American Association of Colleges and Universities’ model for “Mastery of abilities and capacities empowering and allowing students to maneuver in and shape a world in flux.” In our AACU model “Learners must: • Communicate in diverse settings & groups, using written, oral, visual means and languages; • Understand and employ quantitative and qualitative analysis to describe and solve problems; • Interpret, evaluate, and use information discerningly from a variety of sources; • Integrate knowledge of various types with understanding of complex systems; • Resolve difficult issues creatively by employing multiple systems and tools; • Derive meaning from experience, as well as gathering information from observation; • Develop and demonstrate intellectual agility and change management; • Transform information into knowledge and knowledge into judgment and action; • Work well in diverse teams & build consensus.” 8

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The ACCESS Community Fellows experience provides unique opportunities in leadership development, civic engagement and service to community. Fellows enjoy close knit mutual support and an interclass exchange of ideas through many discussions with community leaders and academic experts. EI ACCESS Community Fellows share community immersion, cultural exposure and project development as well as implementation experiences. Included in our curricula is writing for empowerment and self-defense - a critical thinking practice in brainstorming and writing which helps participants define their identity and their own terms for life and living well. Writing for self-defense requires participants to define themselves in every way they believe true, with surety of values that are wholly untouched by others’ definitions. Our backdrop for workforce and work readiness encompasses today’s news and historic events against the context of the individual’s experiences, research and essay storylines. ACCESS Fellows speak and present on models of citizenship and community building that they believe can make a difference.

For more watch: “The History of Power and Money,” by Tylor Felix on Eworkstyle Web TV available free at www.eworkstle.org.

& Companion Videos

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

economy, work & lifestyle

INSTRUCTOR LED CLINICS, WORKSHOPS, COURSES VERBAL, WRITTEN & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

COVER PAGE: V. Paul Deare & Paula Robinson Deare Pg 5: ACCESS Classroom and New Bedford Cable TV Studio Above: New Bedford Public Library Art Room Tour.

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Power of Voice

Why ACCESS?

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

ACCESS is an acronym for Another Course to College Educational Service Solutions. ACCESS for us has a double meaning with it’s foundation in teaching our students how to develop the abilities needed to be at the table where and when decisions are made. ACCESS is also the title of our project-based course series in communications designed in three modules: Self-Development, Verbal and Written Communications and Presentation Media. Writing and public speaking are two of the most transferable skills in the world and once the dominion of politicians, ambassadors, newscasters, MC’s, announcers, reporters and other celebrities. Today, writing and public speaking are immediately necessary in academics, supervision, sales, reception, management, entertainment and marketing across all industries. Whether one writes memos, reports, essays or articles they will have to speak about them. We teach communications in the context of today’s digital media in a way that brings students beyond text messaging and posting to create bios and essays, presentations, websites and web TV. We use today’s ever-changing communication’s applications and technologies to provide students’ accessibility to customized on-site workshops and online courses. We work on the power of the individual voice because in our students’ generation of workers, the web with its 5G-plus speeds are providing key for innovation in tomorrow’s future. Increased gig speeds will continue to open new opportunities for working online across an array of communications tools primed for careers across professional and social media platforms - including blogs, vlogs, live video feeds, conferencing technology, group wikis and forums, collaborative docs, podcasts, web chats, email and more as it grows throughout the 21st century. We provide mentoring for our students with experiential wisdom and “cultural competence.” Our regular discussions on race, class and bias, equality, ethics, news, self-responsibility, intelligence, politics, self‐awareness and fortitude were part of discussions on issues participants were dealing with from negotiating life and social policy to moving, family development, college and career.

Above: Rich Perry teaching photography

Above: Librarian Dale Easton shows microfiche

Above: Somber learning of Military History

economy, work & lifestyle

INSTRUCTOR LED CLINICS, WORKSHOPS, COURSES VERBAL, WRITTEN & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

Paul & Paula

We were born in Boston, Massachusetts and our families are African American. Paul’s family has roots in the Jamaican and Barbadian cultures and I have recently found that my mother’s roots are from the Cape Verdean culture. Both of us grew up in neighborhoods not far from each other and our personal identities are as New Englander’s with a taste for equity that was born in our teen years from the Civil Rights movement in the United States. However, we met in the 1980’s as adults working in media. We have a lot of similarities (values, intellect, food, music, film, art) and are also direct opposites in more ways than one. Paul grew up in a small family and I grew up in an extra-large one. Paul has traveled extensively and I have traveled modestly. Paul has taught in universities during his entire career while working in the non-profit sector, primarily in some phase of developing American cities. I have worked primarily in the corporate sector and in mid-career made the switch from broadcast media to open my own non-profit. Both of us have worked with training organizations and colleges in communications media. It is both our diversity and our varying experiences that give us perspective on communications in today’s world. Backgrounds & Training Qualifications Paula Robinson Deare (MIT Urban Studies Fellow ‘91, ’02, MIT Sloan ’12) brings communications technical knowledge and training from the print, radio and television industries. Prior to entering Public Relations with Fox Broadcasting, she served as a newspaper graphic designer, magazine columnist, radio talk show host and producer\host for cable TV in Boston, MA. After building a variety of media communications production labs and a lecture hall in Boston, Paula received recognition awards from the Massachusetts Teachers Association, City of Boston and State of Massachusetts. She grew her place-based media classes into a web-based institute. Paula holds an MIT Sloan School of Management certificate in Strategy and Innovation. A member of MIT Urban Studies & Planning Community Fellows’ alumni, Paula was granted their Excellence in Media and Technology award. Paula founded Eworkstyle Institute in 1995 and serves as CEO and Communications Media Instructor. Classes were held at at the Low Tide Yacht Club pictured above & right. Vincent Paul Deare (M.L.S., M.S., CAGS Ed., Ed.D. (ABD) has a background in the development of American cities, in conjunction with 40 years of college instruction. Paul has also worked as: a project consultant for the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture; co-founder of the Caribbean Center for Understanding Media (U.S.V.I.); funding manager for the Massachusetts Council on the Arts & Humanities and co-founder of BNN-TV/Public Access Foundation. Paul has experience with all levels of community revitalization, from grass-roots to civic leadership in Massachusetts, New York, California, the Caribbean and China. Paul was a founding faculty member and prior learning coordinator for Springfield College School of Human Services, Boston Campus where he taught for nineteen years. He specializes in policies of social equity, neighborhood development and currently serves as Eworkstyle’s COO. Paul co-hosted classes at the Yacht Club. 12

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Web Advertising

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

The global pandemic has definitively shown that future of the world economy is based on the “Information Revolution.” Over the past four years, we have been teaching communications literacy to empower those who need to complete by furthering their education in order to earn livable wages as the South Coast economy changes. Software, technology and web-aided ease of communications have not only impacted research, sales, meetings, work and travel – but every area of life. The biggest change has been the reality that corporations are no longer solely in control of information development, production, information distribution and related advertising (see Jessica’s article on Social Media Influencers pg. 25). According to the December 2020, PEW Research report, 71% of workers are currently working from home. IBM estimated 120 million workers worldwide will need to be re-trained as a result of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation. Landmark lawsuits are changing to reflect privacy because corporations generate 50% of their annual revenue from selling customers’ personal data. USA.gov reported professional services (e.g. accounting, architectural, engineering, legal, management and consulting, etc.) in the U.S. generated nearly $2 trillion in 2018. Online advertising in the U.S. grew from $107 billion in 2018 - to $124 billion by the end of 2019. Ecommerce grew by 44% in 2020, to $861.12 billion with digital ads topping $100 billion for the first time in history. And according to Forbes magazine, 2,153 billionaires on Forbes’ 2019 list of the world’s richest, set a record because 71 of them were under-40 years old. These benchmarks define the future of work, leadership development and the need to include soft skills like ethics, adaptability, time management, teamwork, and computer\software with communications skills. Individuals must learn to prioritize and think outside the box. We continue to emphasize the generation(s) most affected by the great strides happening across emerging and powerful technologies by requiring our students to work on sharing what they see happening in the world so they can also participate in said changes. This journal is our approach to reaching, informing and training a new workforce to prepare to be competitive by helping them understand why they need to invest in an area of information expertise, combine it with academic and professional experience and then convert it to knowledge work for their professional future (more about knowledge work on page 17). economy, work & lifestyle

INSTRUCTOR LED CLINICS, WORKSHOPS, COURSES VERBAL, WRITTEN & DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS

Local to Global Home

Above: With a connection from your home phone or cell phone you can discover what is going on locally in your home town or in cities around the world. In web communities such as Facebook or Twitter, etc. you can network and meet others for culture, work and travel. So, learning has evolved to your time and patience with a topic, thus YouTube has been dubbed a university.

What is the Internet? The Internet is an assortment of web pages, web sites, and online communities electronically networked to computers locally and around the world. Internet equals “inter networked.” Because the communities are electronically linked, compatible telecommunications equipment can be connected and used for distance work or learning, which takes many shapes and forms depending on the available hardware and software. On the internet you will find a variety of kinds of communications available to you from live radio, TV and videotaped sessions through library archives. Globally the web is used by a consistent population the size of a small country, which gathers from 233 countries and world regions, totaling more than 4.6 billion users and growing. The web is a new frontier of virtual space that can be accessed from anywhere in the world, through a web address which functions like a street address. The web is literally seen and used as virtual real estate. You can purchase secured server space which acts like a web real estate lot and build an architectural framework for it just like you would a building. 14

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You can install a variety of function rooms of rooms of every shape and size with attributes from education and training to shopping; or your home site can be just a door with a sign on it. You can have visitors to your home site from other countries, every second of every day, where you receive them in rooms that work literally as centers of activity: a human resources department, a public relations department, stationery closet, executive office, library, training center, communications\meeting space, public square, speakers bureau, travel agency, advertising department, press room, research center, consumer center, e-commerce center, project center and more. Whether you use your home site as an office or store, you must think about how you invite people in and how you want to guide them into the places you want them to see. You must also have the resources, supplies and means ready for guests to act, engage, purchase and refer. There are many ways to build a successful website architecture, however as with all communications you must understand how to get past the toys to relay the real message. If you have too many bells and whistles, then your site will behave like a 24 hour, 7 day a week surprise party one to be avoided rather than engaged.

Local to Global Shops

The web is used by individuals, corporations, colleges and governments all over the world; which means they can connect, browse and purchase from you, as well as you can from them. Who should you be affiliated with? - You can connect to the internet by way of communities of interest, ideas and ideals. There are many advantages to this virtual reality. For example; as a shop owner you may specialize in an item such as carrot soup. In your neighbourhood, that item may not be sold fast enough to make your overstock inventory move well. On the web however, you may find carrot soup lovers in Omaha, Sweden, London and Australia; who purchase everything you’ve got! - As a virtual real estate owner, must decide how you want to use your property and what is its purpose? Do you need a sales place or a training place? Do you need a member place or a combination of places? Once you make these decisions, you can begin to think about your space functions and how you can manage and update your space as your needs change. Then you can purchase a server (or web real estate) with an address or (http:// www.link). From there think about how and why to reach the clients you’ll serve.

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

How the Web is Used 1995-1999 - 2 million websites with 8.5 million users - 32% growth by 7 million pages daily - 32% annual growth rate - 1 billion users in 2000 - ‘00 web spending $199 mil - ’00 non-web spending $632 bil - ’00 low income users @ 10% - 17% of Americans purchase online - 10% Globally shop on line - $11.5 Million American spending - $199 Million global spending Consumer use in 2010-2019 - 250 million daily 450 million users globally - $42 billion in global spending - 2 billion users in 2011, 60% annual growth - 250k web based jobs posted - 80% of US adults online, 70% over 60. - $50 mil in American spending - $28 mil holiday spending - 66% of Americans purchase online - Low income users @ 53% Consumer use in 2020+ - $4.29 trillion in global sales in 2020 - 160k people working remotely - 1/3 of jobs automated exp. growth 40% - Fastest growth - social media public relations - 5 billion internet users in 2022. economy, work & lifestyle

Local to Global Work

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Above:

Above: touring the New Bedford Whaling National Historic Park Visitors Center

2020 saw $139 billion in online Ads. By 2022 statistics showed approximately one-third of jobs were automated and by 2030 an anticipated 40% of jobs are expected to be automated. In today’s mixed media environment tools for communicating are designed for entertainment and consumption rather than for the benefit of education, development or production. Yet communication, one voice at a time, is key to building human capital. Research shows literacy improvement comes via continual practice in conversation, discussing issues and solutions. Based on the Bureau of Labor Statistics “Jobs Outlook,” Communications Specialists and Social Media Specialists jobs are growing faster than normal and they anticipate an opportunity rate of 11% by 2030. Communications and Social 16

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Media Specialists handle communication with the public, including consumers, investors, reporters, and other media specialists. In government, public relations specialists may be called press secretaries and keep the public informed about the activities of government officials and agencies. They write press releases and contact people in the media who might print or broadcast their material. Many radio or television special reports, newspaper stories, and magazine articles start with a press release describing a public issue, such as health, energy, or the environment, and what an organization needs to understand concerning that issue. These media specialist jobs are growing across every academic, medical and corporate sector. Further, many visionaries devloped ideas to create Google, Twitter and Facebook, etc. by focusing on communication to build never before kinds of companies that bring people together.

Knowledge Workers

Knowledge work is essentially the ability to research, grow, make sense of, archive and package a widely useful stream of knowledge toward solving a problem. It is also the ability to convey that knowledge with words, graphics and media relevant to the target client\consumer\audience who can use and pay for that information. Knowledge work is a legitimate vocational fortification that reinforces and strengthens whatever you do professionally. Knowledge work takes a lot of effort, nevertheless once you’ve mastered the discipline of it, you’ll revel in your ability to make sense of issues and formulate solutions, develop projects and create predictions around one body of work. Further the people you’re conveying intelligent solutions to - will really come to appreciate and rely on you, your insight and your ability to deliver timely, reliable access to information and resources. Decision makers will always seek out those who have consistent quality information, predictor accuracy and excellent service delivery track records. You must realize that you are the one responsible for how you learn, grow,

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

react, accept and deal with any situation, your knowledge work. You must be bold, accurate and act with confidence to develop your knowledge. You must not be afraid to adapt to new learning situations so that you can position yourself appropriately for the future. You cannot reduce yourself to lacking confidence in your research investment or you will miss opportunities, in fear of misinforming or upsetting others. Knowledge work is about self-responsibility and how seriously you take your work. You can’t limit what you can do because of the demands put on you others. On the other hand, taking on too much can lead to, diluted efficacy, too many directions, derailed opportunities and unfinished projects damaging to your credibility and reputation. Knowledge work is enviable because there are those who feign expertise, skew facts, are lazy about deep research, and who would rather try to prove you wrong than do the quality work required to solve problems. For this reason, you cannot entertain other’s manipulative tactics, like flattery, to sway your opinion. Under no circumstances should you be untrue to your values and conclusions. On

the line is your income, reputation and life’-work. With each decision you make you are the one in the driver’s seat, you’ve got to be independent with your self-determination, so that when others try misleading tactics you have the clearsightedness to protect your credibility. Knowledge work is a single person endeavor. You must remember that you hold decision control in all areas of your research, data and information gathering methods, practices, development, conclusions, packaging and dissemination. And in order to be trustworthy, you must limit your time and dealings with those who don’t respect or value what you do. Experts that rise to the top of their field, not only have the most accurate data and information of the day - they are able to cull their knowledge to relate the most valuable insights, predictions, assessments and outcomes as solutions to the problems at hand. Such expertise is always sought because decision makers (whether political, corporate, civic, ambassadorial, etc.), must have the most contemporary and proactive information at their fingertips at any given moment. economy, work & lifestyle

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Michael D’Antoni

The Creative Class Has Launched S.T.E.A.M.

Above and right: Michael D’Antoni working on this research project

Creativity: the use of problem solving and critical thinking has taken on innovative new forms. Creativity has become a valued commodity over the turn the 20th century. Modern businesses choose to locate where there are talented and creative people because they are in short supply. Human creativity is the driving force and the key factor in our society and economy. People value creativity more than ever and encourage it to grow. The attribute of the “creative impulse” is being set free on an extraordinary scale. Creativity is now a decisive source of competitive advantage, the most successful in the long run are those who can create and keep creating. New forms of economic infrastructure such as systematic spending on research and development have changed to support creativity, to bring potential ideas and products to the marketplace. The focus on creativity and the individuals that create has led to a formation of a new “Creative Class”. [chapter 1] Currently 30% of all people belong to the “Creative Class” which includes science, engineering, architecture, design, education, arts, music, and entertainment. The creative class helps to develop new technology, new ideas and/or new collaborative content. All members of the creative class share a common ethos of individuality, creativity, difference and merit. Members of the “working” and “service” classes are primarily paid to work according to plan while those in the Creative Class have more autonomy, flexibility, and are primarily paid to create and expand on ideas. The Creative Class is dominant in terms of wealth and income; members earning on average nearly twice as much as the average members of the other two classes. [chapter 1]

Enter S.T.E.A.M., a human development construct designed to guide, create open dialogue, and encourage critical thinking and creativity for students. S.T.E.A.M. is an acronym for Science, Technology, Education, Art and Math also known as STEAM. In education, STEAM was created to help youth become successful members of the Creative Class. Across professions, STEAM describes the primary engines of creativity. STEAM reassures innovation and economic growth by bolstering the fields of science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics. STEAM also supports these creative fields as a national policy priority and thus has grown into an amalgamated industry. [STEAM reports] Because creativity has become so valued, systems have been put into place around it. This is a positive major change to encourage and harness STEAM creativity because the new industries of the economy value solutions to new and unique problems and thus need and require creative individuals to succeed. Creative people seek opportunities to exercise creativity regardless of whether the opportunities are to become a free agent, join a firm or stay with a company. Creativity can flourish either in cities or in companies that have four basic characteristics: 1) People must be able to freely work with and on what they are interested in; 2) People need control over the process of their creative thinking; 3) People need to be surrounded by other creative people with different thoughts and ideas ; 4) People need a work environment in which they can openly share those ideas. There are many different types of creative . . . . continued on page 19

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Michael D’Antoni pt. 2

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES focusing on a trade that allows people improved and innovative ways to do it. Cities became the center of creativity where tradespeople lived. Then came the Rise of Industrial capitalism. However, most people were more interested in trading goods, than making them. So came the evolution of factories which put workers under one roof to make manufacturing and distribution easier. From the effective models for producing evolution of factory work the use goods in addition to services as well as a wide spectrum of cultural, of the Division of Labor to increase productivity by giving people physical and social environments. automated tasks which in turn [chapter 3] eventually kicked off the need for Creativity has been part of all mechanical innovation. Then later economic advancement throughcame the Organizational age out out history, as a succession of new of the explosion of universities. ideas replaces older ones. These Leading universities dissected new ideas are often an evolution organizational development for of existing ones - because they instruction into function specialmay not just replace existing ideas, ization and organized bureaubut they also build upon them. cracy. New creative connections These new ideas often come at a and production industries (movies, time when old ideas are pushed radio, television) resulted in the to their limits. The four important growth of exciting influences such periods of transition that haras the way history was written, nessed human creativity were: the news portrayed and stories told. Rise of Organized Agriculture, the In addition, increased production Emergence of a Modern System efficiency from factories led to low of Trade and Specialization, the cost products and inventions to Rise of Industrial Capitalism, and distribute to the masses. [ch. 3] the Organizational Age. The Rise People who add economic value of Organized Agriculture came from hunting methods resulting in through their creativity make up the Creative Class , including techdepletion of prey. Organized Agnical and professional workers, riculture succeeded over the limits knowledge workers, and symbolic of the old hand planting system analysis’s. As stated earlier, people which led to waves of mechanical invention, like the plow, to increase that are in the Creative Class are required to think on their own and productivity. The Emergence of apply their critical thinking skills for a Modern System of Trade and problem solving. The result is the Specialization was a result of

Currently 30% of all people belong to the “Creative Class” people that thrive in an array of creative environments, and their preferences change as they mature. A combination of physical and social environments influence creative people and how they generate ideas, innovation, and creativity. [chapter 2] Knowledge is the tool that comes from use of information to spark innovation which can create a new business model, method, or product. Technological and creative innovation has become a major drive in economic progress. Monetary investment in creativity, through research and development departments, has steadily increased over the last decade; from about $5 billion in the 1950’s to $250 + billion in 2000. [ch. 3] The social structure for creativity uses new systems for technological creativity, entrepreneurship, venture capital, limited partnerships and high-tech industries which reinforce the other’s growth. However, high volume funds from individuals, and large and small institutions does not produce innovation alone. What helps to produce innovation are new and

. . . . . continued on page 20 economy, work & lifestyle

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Creative Class grows when creativity becomes more valued. Also impacted are the “service class,” which mostly exists to meet the demands to the creative economy by taking care of the smaller, repetitive tasks while providing necessary and time saving services to and for the Creative Class. The service class and the Creative Class out-numbered the industrial working class by 1999. The service class had an estimated 55 million workers, which was more than any time in the past century. This is because the service class supported the infrastructure of the creative economy and the workers of Creative Class. While it is true that members of the Creative Class have a stronger preference towards individuality than the other classes and tend to not desire to conform to restrictive norms. It is also true the Creative Class worker favors motivation, hard work and these individuals succeed because they excel at what they do. Creative people are often motivated by attaining respect by their peers. [chapter 4] Companies have reduced costs by laying off workers and then rehiring them as independent contractors. This reduces costs because they no longer need to provide benefits or promises that people will keep their jobs once a project is done. Jobs have become insecure and people have begun to understand that their only real job security is with their productivity and talents. As such, many people have decided to become free agents (again, more freedom) and flexibility with their work. However, the creative lifestyle can have few other benefits, there is so much competition, and the job market may result in not finding what you want to do (if it even pays well at all). Finally, there may be multiple employers and deadlines to be met. Members of the Creative Class are moving away from traditional 20

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Michael D’Antoni pt. 3 corporate communities to regions that can become “Creative Centers,” e.g. a concentrated community of members of the Creative Class, because creative people prefer to have a wide range of relationships that are flexible and easily accessible. Where there are creative people, companies follow and are often started by them. Members of the Creative Class prefer places where there are numerous opportunities to pursue and thus the dynamic system feeds itself. [chapters 6, 12] According to Richard Florida, author of The Rise of the Creative Class, there is an altered economic state in America and furthermore on a global scale that has been caused and fueled by creative people. This has led to sector and industry demands for more creative people. Such demands have given more flexibility for creative people to continue to be creative. The result is the appropriation of new values such as diversity, tolerance and changes in environment that once conflicted with traditionalist views. The most successful regions are creative centers housing the most economically successful, groups of creative individuals. It is from these values that STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art, math) has started grown. STEAM has allowed experts to define new opportunities and careers for those among numbers of individuals to become members of the creative class. In addition, S.T.E.A.M. continues to be successful influencing politicians to support education S.T.E.A.M. in support of the demanding fields in the creative class: science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics. The new economic shift decades in the making will lead to a positive economic change and a brighter future for those prepared for both S.T.E.A.M. and Creative Class industries. Work cited: - FLORIDA, RICHARD. RISE OF THE CREATIVE CLASS. BASIC BOOKS, 2019. Annual Reports 2012-2017, www.stemedcoalition.org/about-us/ Download Michael’s paper or watch his video free at eworkstyle.org.

S.T.E.A.M.

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts & Mathematics: STEM + Art = STEAM The US House of Representatives expressed, “the addition of art and design into Federal programs that target the STEM fields encourages innovation and economic growth in the United States.” By combining normally isolated fields of study, STEAM programs in K–20 education have become a standard approach to guiding student inquiry, dialogue and critical thinking. The idea is to help students become learners, innovators, educators and leaders of the 21st century. Toward that end, there has been significantly increased investments for STEAM initiatives in schools across the United States. Such initiatives work toward a formal way to link the subjects together and correspond them to the rising global job marketplace. In the past Science, Technology, Engineering, Art & Math were individualized fields of study. However, the overwhelming success of Lisa LaBonte’s STEAM@TheMall changed global thinking on education. LaBonte set up a free STEAM pilot program in a shopping mall. In the first two years, two-hundred thousand youth were attracted to open-access hands on activities with: Mars robotics, science experiments and a portable planetarium as well as art/design and creative writing stations. It became clear using such a model across education would boost innovation.

SCIENCE

TECH

ENGINEER

ART

MATH

• Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Contemporary science is typically subdivided into the natural sciences which study the material world, the social sciences which study people and societies and aeronautics, aviation, astronomy, all things “air and space.” Disciplines like medicine, which also use science may be considered applied sciences. Science is related to research, and is normally organized by area of specialization at a university, a college, or a research institute.

• Technology is the science of craft. The simplest form of technology is the development and use of basic tools. The prehistoric discovery of how to control fire increased the available sources of food. The invention of the wheel helped humans to travel in and control their environment. Developments in history, include the printing press, the telephone and the Internet, have lessened physical barriers to communication and allow humans to interact freely on a global scale. Technology is used in business, construction, education, communication, healthcare and entertainment.

• Engineering is the application of scientific knowledge and methods for practical purposes in design, analysis or operation of structures, machines or systems. Engineering is used to design or develop structures, machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes, utilizing them singly or in combination. To engineer is to construct or operate with full cognizance of design and\or to forecast design behavior under specific operating conditions. Engineers investigate and design function and economics of operation and\or safety to life and property; from systems to bridges & buildings.

• Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts, expressing imaginative or technical skill. Artworks are appreciated for their beauty or emotional power. The oldest forms of art are visual arts including: painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, writing and other visual media. Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts as is decorative art, or advertising. Music, theatre, film, dance, and other performing arts, as well as literature and other media such as interactive media, are included in a broader definition of the arts.

• The discipline of mathematics studies such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and use them to formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proof. When mathematical structures are good models of real phenomena, then mathematical reasoning can provide insight or predictions. Through the use of abstraction and logic, mathematics develops from counting, calculation, measurement and the systematic study of shapes and motions of physical objects.

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Jessica Melbourne

Social Media Influencers

and clothing that happened to be cute and girly. Their offer was that if I showcased their store on my posts, I would get discounted offers in their store. Ultimately, I turned them down because I wasn’t interested, but I mention this to demonstrate my experience and to show you that anyone can get involved in influencing on whatever social media platform they are on by building enough following and interactions.

Above: Jessica Melbourne working on this research project

In today’s world, my generation doesn’t do anything without using social media. It’s something people 20 years ago would have never thought we would be using. We share our everyday life including the details with of hundreds of random individuals every day. With today’s technology, not only is social media something anyone can use, but people can also make a living with the right tools. Social media has brought a new industry of work for independent consultants and dubbed them influencers. We call social media consultants influencers because they are individuals who use their social media presence to sway others. An influencer is a person with the ability to influence (or sway) potential buyers toward a product or service by promoting or recommending those items on their social media platforms. While I myself, am not someone I would call an influencer, I have encountered an instance where I had the chance to be sponsored by a small business. I have a blog on a popular blogging website called tumblr.com where I post an aesthetic of cute and girly pictures. I have been running this blog for 5 years and have grown my presence there. My total follower count is almost three thousand, and while I don’t run it avidly anymore, it is something that I will every once in a while check upon. When I was active with my tumblr.com site, I was approached by one or two small businesses that sold a variety of accessories

First, let’s start with the positives about influencers and their businesses. Nowadays, anyone can become one with enough effort and the right skills. The internet today is so wide that there is a thing for everything; even things you probably can’t think of right now. With enough of a “follower” audience, there is a potential market for profit. Being an influencer means most of the time working by yourself or with a very small team. That way you can research your style and have a greater impact on what you show your audience about yourself and what you value. For instance, you could do events to raise money and then donate all of the funds raised to great charities. Or let’s say there is a really nice mom-andpop restaurant that you love to go to. You could promote that small business and show them off to your following. The best thing about being an influencer is showing what you stand for while promoting great things. However, you can’t have the good without the bad. With all the money they get from marketing, influencers can choose whatever they showcase to their audience; and that includes the not-so-good. . . . . continued on page 23

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Jessica Melbourne pt. 2

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

Child influencers range from 1,500 to 50,000 followers. Anything can be sponsored by people for the right price. For instance, although influencers may know very well that a product is either of low quality or that they’ve never used it they recommend it. There are also cases where influencers will say they support a company or cause because they know it looks good for them and will help increase their following. Followers have come to find out, the influencer never cared for or supported that business or product. One of the worst offenses an influencer can do with their marketing is sponsor something that is for the wrong audience. For example, influencers with a young audience such as children will sometimes sponsor gambling websites with things they can win such as games or clothes. Influencers inform across all kinds of boundaries from sharing the way they think and dress, to how they live their lives. Influencers have come into such prominence that businesses’ are realizing they can’t do anything without social

media influencers and are taking their advertising to individuals who influence thousands of followers. Businesses are making deals with highly-followed influencers to showcase their products. According to entrive.com, 92% of social media users trust influencers over standard advertisements because of their authenticity. My generation wants to see who has tried something before they purchase. There are also influencer marketing companies that sell platforms for the purpose of influencing. How much money influencers actually make depends on the number of followers an influencer has. Income begins to trickle steadily at around 1,000 followers at something like $2 per post. Influencing makes a good side hustle that can grow. One example is if you gain 10,000 followers then your earnings go from $2 per post to $20 per post and so on. Grin.co blog posted the top child influencers across ethnic and age groups range from 1,500 to 50,000

followers. This is a whole new and powerful way of marketing products and services to individuals, however there is more to be aware of. There are pros, cons and neutral cases for following influencers’ and\or marketing with them. Not everything is black and white and with any discussion and the same thing applies to Influencers in the marketing world. My point is that anyone can become an influencer with the right knowledge of social media, lots of effort, and with luck if they have what it takes. However, influencers don’t need any qualifications and that is where followers and advertisers have to be careful. When it comes to product placement and sponsorship influencers don’t have to exactly be supportive or dislike what it is they are showcasing. One of the fastest and easiest ways to become an influencer is to make YouTube videos. With enough consistent views and linked subscribers to your videos, you could monetize your channel with advertisements that YouTube automatically offers . . . . continued on page 57 economy, work & lifestyle

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About a Livable Wage

US Poverty Rate is considered $12,082 for a single person and $24,250 for a family of four. 23% of families in New Bedford live below the poverty line. Women are 50% of the South Coast population - 23% (1 out of every 4) mothers live below the poverty line. - Per capita Income for New Bedford is $15K & for Fall River $21K. - 80% of U.S. citizens have a high-school diploma or G.E.D. - Most women with a high school education earn less than $16k . - 52% of women are functionally illiterate. - Income increases at $5k per educational step for women vs $10k. - Marriage, divorce, or sudden job loss create poverty transitions. - Children of Parents with Low Literacy Skills have a 72% Chance of Being at the Lowest Reading Levels themselves. - 1/3 of all families in he Unites States are headed by single women who live in poverty, that is 15.6 million households. - Women often work a second job to increase income and have to quit\change jobs\school when children need extended healing, they also continue routines regardless of exhaustion or illness. CITY\TOWN

POPULATION

WOMEN

ETHNIC MIX

PER CAPITA

ACUSHNET

10,303

55%

$21,753

DARTMOUTH

34,032

49.7

9.5%

$35,558

FAIRHAVEN

15,873

58%

4.7%

$20,986

FALL RIVER

88,930

56%

13%

$21,257

FREETOWN

8,870

49.9%

3.85%

$24,401

MARION

5,123

53.3%

7.83%

$37,625

MATTAPOISETT

6,045

55%

3.49%

$28,050

NEW BEDFORD

95,032

55.4%

32.83%

$15,602

5,232

49.3%

3.3%

$24,630

SOMERSET

18,165

55%

1.88%

$22,420

WAREHAM

21,822

54.2%

2.58%

$21,312

WESTPORT

15,700

52%

1.9%

$25,281

325,127

AV - 55%

AV -12%

AV - $25,600

ROCHESTER

TOTALS 24

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Empowering Women

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

Our focus is the ongoing ability of women to earn a livable wage in a global economy - Research shows that income increases at approximately $5k per educational benchmark for women vs $10k for men and transitions in & out of poverty happen after marriage, divorce, or sudden job loss. - With extremely limited resources low income women must manage ways to: place\keep children\ elders in school\day programs and arrange for self\family education, transportation, meals, overhead, entertainment and health needs. - Women often work a 2nd job to increase income and have to quit\change jobs\school when children or family need extended healing; they also continue routines regardless of exhaustion or illness. - Communications literacy is key to earning a livable wage. For mothers, being competitive in a youth based culture, is like running a foot race with a child attached to each leg, it’s nearly impossible without access to help and affordable resources. economy, work & lifestyle

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Kayla Mercado

Equal Rights, Women & Empowerment ples of Hispanic and North African women in leadership where I can. Further, I will be approaching the story of equality from what I have researched and found as “her side,” as well as what I have interpreted as “his side” of male\female inequality, including what behavioral scientists are arguing is part of the animal nature in human beings.

Above: Kayla Mercado taking a break from her research project

While 2020 marked the hundredth year of women’s’right to vote (1920-2020).(1) It has to be mentioned that it has also taken an additional hundred years just to get it done. Women actually started the work in 1820.(1) Women have been working their way out of being treated as pets. They once called it chattel (a personal possession). We couldn’t do anything for ourselves, we were almost like indentured servants until we started speaking up, and fighting for our dignity and our rights as human beings. Many privileged people, and people with power over other human beings don’t know what it feels like to have to fight for human rights. There is a national crisis of disconcern, not only with females but with poverty, race, class, education, the human condition and all life in the world. I believe this is so because there is a general lack of knowledge that has reduced human caring to apathy and an overwhelming lack of understanding and love of humanity. Few of us understand that or how what we grow up around shapes our way of thinking, knowing and doing. This paper is about women’s suffrage and what we’ve had to endure, but it is also about equality in general. We, as a human race, need to be better at coming together instead of always competing. Since this dilemma of inequality began so many years ago, I’m approaching this paper from the viewpoint of both men and women in general with an attempt at describing human nature. Also, most conversations about women are approached from either white women or black women. Since my identification is Hispanic and Egyptian, I’m approaching this paper using exam-

While there are many people in the United States and around the world who are not hesitant about giving women full equal rights, far too many believe women cannot have the same professional, social and political power as men because we are too weak, emotional, and overly sexualized. And although we have received some human rights, including our right to vote one hundred years ago, there are still many things we cannot do simply because we are women. This is why the subject of equal rights between men and women is still a strong subject today in many ways, not just locally, but nationally, and globally. Using examples in this paper, I aim to point out why women cannot ever give-up the right to equality. I will begin by telling you how women are viewed and what we had to take in over the years from her side. HER SIDE: Imagine being hunted just because you are a female or you’re in a position to lead, a position of power or change. During the Catholic Inquisition and the witch hunts that followed women were hunted just for being smart and strong. Consider whether it is equal to be stereotyped? For the longest time women have had to endure myths that they cannot hold positions of power because they can have babies. Women have also been . . . . continued on page 27

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Kayla Mercado pt. 2

Above: Kayla with her son Ezekiel

accused of being aggressive (negative association) even though they may have reacted to a situation the same as men would have (where men received a positive association). Negative associations of women in power include the image of a witch riding a broomstick?(3) Throughout history, women healers and herbalists were considered practicing powerful magic\medicine against religious beliefs because in religion and in medicine only men held the power of healing. These beliefs and practices emerged much further back in history, as the Catholic Inquisition, which started in 1231. By the mid 1400’s some four hundred years of witch hysteria took hold beginning in Europe, when many accused women of being witches with wicked behaviors and trials were held by men where women confessed after severe torture and then were burned at the stake or hung.(5) The last church execution was in 1826.(4) Joan of Arc who is the most famous victim of the “inquisition” was a peasant girl living in medieval France. With no training, she somehow convinced Prince Charles to allow her to lead a French army to the besieged city of Orleans and they won the victory where he was crowned King. At the young age of 19, she was burned at the stake for witchcraft a heresy, which means opinion contrary to an orthodox religious belief.(6) However, recent evidence shows that the difference in effectiveness between women and men in positions of power might be nuanced (or even non-existent.(2) In different parts of the world, freedom takes a more

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

terrifying turn. Take Tara Fares, an Iraqi woman who was killed in her car. Instead of having sympathy people claimed “she had it coming because she was “provocative” with her photos showing too much skin. She was the third social media star to be killed for going against Iraq’s religious beliefs about being covered up and not showing skin. People are fighting to end corruption and have rights to freedoms. (7)(8) But freedom is a deadly fight for human rights. In Pakistan, women are rarely ever outside, especially at night where it is considered shameful, or loose behavior. An entire family can have their reputation ruined when a woman in that family is accused of some wrong doing.(9)(10) Women are also treated poorly in some parts of Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya and the list goes on. In many places, religion is used to convince people that women should be treated negatively; however, I believe acts like those mentioned lead people away from religion and not to believe in God’s love. Such acts are also what leads people to become apathetic about doing the right thing or, extremely socially opposite like being open about their sexuality, dress in baggy clothes or dressed with little to no clothes. I also think that this has some role in gender relationships and the emergence of asexual people who do not have a desire to be sexually defined by others. At one time, in Arizona, U.S.A. things like wearing pants were illegal, in New York it was illegal to wear “body hugging clothing”, in Arkansas a man could legally beat his wife but only once a month, and the list goes on. Our social values are changing and this is why I think females are now starting to fight to choose how they want to live. (15) I mean, how backward is a legal system when a female who is comfortable with showing off her body gives men the excuse to rape, and people agree that “she was asking for it” because of the way “she dressed”. If the situation were reversed and men who take off their shirts were disrespected that way would the courts have the same opinion? Men would just not . . . . continued on page 68 economy, work & lifestyle

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Ka-Lana Almeida

On Being a Young Mom

Above: 1997, Million Woman March where 750 thousand women gathered to discuss their trials, setting the stage for 2016, when 2.6 million women to marched to protect reproductive & civil rights.

Being a young mom is cool and all but it can be super stressful at times. I became pregnant for the first time at the age of 17. When I first found out, I was excited and scared, I really did not know how to feel. By the time I was 12 weeks pregnant, I found out that the baby had stopped growing and then I lost it. I was so heart-broken and devastated, but I didn’t know what to say or do. It was hard for me to do anything; so to cope with it I went to school all day from 8:30 a.m. until 2:30 p.m. and then to work from 3:00 p.m. to close at 11:30 pm on a good night - but most nights my job ended at midnight. I did the same thing every day for months with one day off of work in order to help keep my head away from being lost. What helped so much was that my best friend went to the same school with me, and that both my best friend and the father of my child worked with me. The father of my unborn baby and I had been together for almost ten years, even though at times, we were in and out of our relationship with each other. About a month later, I found out I was pregnant again. I was so nervous and afraid to say anything to anyone about this pregnancy, so I kept it to myself. Eventually, only the people that I’m close to knew I was pregnant again. I was so cautious about the whole pregnancy with everything I did. I began to feel a little better when

I started having ultra sound appointments and hearing the baby’s heartbeat, from there this pregnancy went smoothly.; When I found out the gender I was really excited because I wanted a boy. A month later, my best friend found out she was pregnant. It was pretty cool being pregnant with my best friend because we teamed up to support each other during our pregnancies. We had our gender reveal’s separately and we were at each other’s baby showers and that was really fun. We had 2 baby showers for my son because my son’s father’s mom hosted a shower for us and then my mom put on a baby shower. Everyone came to both, it was great! I’m extremely independent and while I had no idea what I wanted my life to be like, I wanted to be in control of my life and to make my own decisions. I was willing to deal with the consequences of my good or bad decisions, whether right or wrong. Over time, I was able to see who was going to be there for me to help out and support my decisions. When it came time to give birth, my back was the only thing that really hurt me, the pain got so bad that I tried to breathe myself through the pain. I was with my mom and she decided to take me to the hospital. When we got to the hospital, they took me to a room and as soon as I got out of the wheelchair, my water broke. Then the contractions started and oh my - they were painful. But as a younger teen, I had become used to painful menstrual cycles, so the contractions didn’t frighten me, they literally felt like my period cramps which made the whole thing a little easier to deal with. Besides, I had a big team behind me cheering me on. During the delivery time, I was in labor for more than 7 hours with no pain medicine, because I’m so scared of needles that I decided to go all natural, after that it took me about a half hour to push him out. As soon as I had my son in my . . . . continued on page 29

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Ka-Lana Almeida pt. 2

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

arms, my whole big team came in and spent whatever time they could with us. The room was so packed, but I loved knowing that I had people there when it was needed. I told my best friend that my delivery was easy and then felt bad because her delivery a month later, was so painful.

and the time seemed to go by quickly. It was there, I found out my unborn child was a girl. I was so excited to have the best of both worlds, but I was also nervous about having a girl. I was really worried about whether or not I was going to be able to raise her the right way.

Raising my son was not as bad as I had imagined because I had a nice big team behind me to help me out with him. I was still living at home with my mom, so that was really a plus because I was able to get help from my mother or one of my little sisters at any time. Only time I felt like things got hard for me is when my son got sick. I’m not saying I was having a hard time as a mother, because everyone gets sick. It was just hard for me because it hurt me to see my baby not feeling good or being so uncomfortable. I was able to really enjoy being with my son during his first year of life, because of my mom’s support. I didn’t go back to a work until my son was nearly two years old. I did apply for subsidized housing though, I wanted to live affordably and independently as a family with the father of my child.

My mom babysat a lot, but the father of my children was helping me out. He would stay with our son on the nights I worked. However, during my sixth month of pregnancy with our daughter, he was arrested. From there things got a lot harder and even though I still had lots of family support, I became really emotional about the father of my children. I got lost in my thinking with so many mean and negative thoughts. I didn’t want to be a single mother of two. I was really afraid that I was going to have to give birth without him. But two months later he came home under house arrest. We tried the family thing again and moved into my grandmother’s house. I was still working at Dunkin’s by the time I was 9 months pregnant. One day, I was sweeping the floor at the store and I bent down to get under one of the tables or chairs and that’s when someone at the job noticed I was pregnant. The managers asked how far along I was; I told them nine-months and they just let me go. I knew there were laws about workplace pregnancy, but I was just trying to get ahead financially. However, the way they fired

I found out I was having another child early into my third pregnancy, so it felt like that pregnancy dragged on for a long time. When I was about 4 months along, I got a little part time job at Dunkin Donuts which I loved! I was working evenings from 5:00 p.m. – 8:00 p.m., 3 days out of the week

me so abruptly was somewhat mean and unfair because I was a reliable and responsible employee. One day, I got a very exciting phone call from the New Bedford Housing Authority saying that my number had come up for a subsidized apartment! It was such great news and I was so excited, even though I’m not really all that happy with where I was placed. What was most important was that me and the family had the opportunity to create a home to call ours. I was just so relieved about being able to live independently even though my mother and my grandmother provided lots of support, including a place to live. A week after we moved into our new home I went into labor with my daughter. The labor for her was much easier because I wasn’t as afraid, I was much more relaxed because I understood what was going to happen. I was in labor all night long and I tried to do what I understood to have her come quicker. I walked all around the hospital up and down the stairs, I ate food, I took a hot bath but nothing worked and that was everything I knew to get her to be born faster. But she was just not having it, I really believe she was just waiting for her dad to be able to get to the hospital. Because of his house arrest, he had a 7:00 a.m-7:00p.m curfew. Our daughter came at 7:28a.m, right after her dad arrived. My son was also there until visiting hours were over. They both came right back in the morn. . . . continued on page 74 economy, work & lifestyle

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Tylor Felix

The Blue and Green Economy

describe the condition when heat from the sun gets trapped into our upper atmosphere by greenhouse gases which add more heat - and don’t allow enough heat to be released into space. This is causing our planet to heat up.

Above: Tylor interning with One South Coast Chamber of Commerce

Times are changing rapidly, we are seeing a reduction in the use of fossil fuels and an increase in sustainable energies. With this comes a massive induction of jobs in the wind, solar, and water industries. Economists tend to lump these fields into two groups. One is called the “Blue Economy” and consists of any job that has to do with water. The other is called the “Green Economy” which are jobs that center o sustainable use of resources such as wind or solar. In this article I’m going to explain the switch from fossil fuels to sustainable resources and how that impacts you, our planet, and your wallet. I will also cover, how to get involved in the blue and green economies. Let’s start by addressing a few basic questions. What are fossil fuels? How do we use them? And why do we need to stop using them? Encyclopedia Britannica lists fossil fuels as “Materials of biological origin occurring within the Earth’s crust that can be used as a source of energy.” Some examples of fossil fuels are coal, petroleum, and natural gas. What most of us currently use to fuel our cars and heat our homes are fossil fuels. The production of oil and coal takes billions of years within the earth, so all of the coal and oil that is in the ground currently, is all we’ve got. I mention that because we will eventually run out of fossil fuels at some point in our lifetimes, if we continue on this path. You’ve probably heard, the use of fossil fuels is hurting our environment and doing massive wide spread damage to our planet. The burning of fossil fuels creates massive pollution and releases ungodly amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. NASA lists carbon dioxide as one of the leading causes of global warming. Global warming happens when certain gases such as carbon dioxide and methane get trapped in the atmosphere and cause a greenhouse effect. A name given to

Another reason why we need to stop using fossil fuels is public health concerns. According to the World Health Organization more than 7 million people die each year from illnesses directly linked to air pollution. 1 out of every 8 deaths is caused by exposure to air pollutants. Most of that air pollution is caused by the burning of fossil fuels from cars and various different industries. One might ask, if fossil fuels are so bad for our health, the planet, and our environment then why do we continue to use them? There are multiple reasons we continue to use fossil fuels. In fact, Conserve Energy Future has a list of reasons why we rely so heavily on fossil fuels (see my list of references on pg. 67). The primary reasons listed are: there is an abundance of fossil fuels, its relatively easy to find, it’s easy to transport, the infrastructure to extract fossil fuels are already in place, and the most frequently used is it’s extremely efficient. Just a little amount of fossil fuels can produce a massive amount of energy. To this day we have yet to find any renewable energy sources that even come close to the efficiency of fossil fuels as far as energy output per pound. That is why gas powered cars can still travel way further than electric cars; although this is changing. However, to get relatively the same energy output of a petroleum powered car, car makers like Tesla need to put thousands of batteries in their vehicles. For example the Tesla Model S which is a 100% electrically powered car has 7,104 batteries, weighing more than 1200 pounds. All this to equal relatively the . . . . continued on page 31

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Tylor Felix pt. 2

same energy output as a couple gallons of gas. It is pretty clear that for our own personal well-being and for the betterment of planet Earth we need to start to abandon our dependence on fossil fuels, but how do we do that? One way is to look at using alternative sources of fuel for our cars, homes, and neighborhoods. An article by the World Economic Forum states that there are 6 alternative fuel sources to petroleum, ethanol, hydrogen and natural gas. They are methane, propane, biodiesel, and electricity. Ethanol is already widely used as a mixture with petroleum. Ethanol is an alcohol-based renewable fuel that if implemented further can reduce greenhouse gases by 52 to 86 percent. Hydrogen is probably the cleanest fuel to burn as far as emissions goes. The only emissions hydrogen fuel produces is warm air and water vapor. There are downsides though, right now the process to extract hydrogen uses a lot of energy which means that you need to burn a lot of fossil fuels to produce and extract hydrogen fuel. The next potential petroleum replacing fuel is natural gases, while some natural gases are fossil fuels there are some that are renewable. The best renewable natural gas is biomethane which is produced from waste; it is chemically identical to methane and could be used as an excellent potential fuel source. Propane is another alternative fuel source the world economic forum suggests. The problem with propane is that while it is clean burning and contains a high amount of energy it also only reduces greenhouse emissions by 10 percent which is an extremely low number to make radical changes needed. The last two alternative fuel sources on the World Economic Forum list are biodiesel and electricity. Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that is made from biodegradable matter such as vegetable oils and

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animal fats. Biodiesel has an extremely similar makeup to that of petroleum based diesel so you can use it in any diesel engine already on the road. Biodiesel also emits 75% less carbon dioxide emissions compared to petroleum based diesel. Biodiesel is also readily available in most states and has been used in a lot of different cars. According to the Guinness Book of World Records there was a man named Tyson Jerry that drove his car only using biodiesel for 30,158 miles. He traveled from South Carolina through the entirety of the United States and Mexico before finally ending up in Vancouver, British Columbia Canada. He did this trip to raise awareness for environmental sustainability and energy conservation. The last fuel source on my research list is electricity. For the long term electricity seems like one of the best sources of fuel for our car, homes, cities and towns. Electricity emits no emissions when used but the process to make the energy cells used to store the electrical uses a lot of fossil fuel. As time goes on though these processes are starting to be less and less demanding on the environment. The infrastructure for electricity is already in place with the power grid but not for vehicles. Today in the U.S. there are only about 8,800 charging stations. Compare that to what fueleconomy.gov estimates as 168,000 gas stations in this country and you can see why the transition to electric cars has been a slow one. As we start to develop more infrastructure for electric vehicles our dependence on fossil fuels will start to wane. If we’re going to completely transition into a society based on renewable fuels such as electricity then we have to decide where we are going to get all this electricity from? The simple answer is power plants. There are 4 types of power plants: hydroelectric, thermal, solar, and wind. Hydroelectric power plants use water such as a dam to turn turbines that produce power. Thermal power plants use a fuel source such as nuclear energy or coal. Right now in the United States nuclear energy accounts for 20% of electricity generation and coal accounts for a whopping 50% of all electrical energy produced in the United States. As stated earlier, burning fossil fuels is extremely bad for our planet so the fact that . . . . continued on page 66 economy, work & lifestyle

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Luana Lima

The Cape Verdean Migration sau, another former Portuguese colony on mainland West Africa. Tourism represents a large share of Cape Verde’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and is one of the main pillars of the economy. The volcanic islands of Cape Verde are known for their excellent beaches, transparent sea, the possibility of practicing water sports, and the nightlife. The main Cape Verdean tourist islands are Sal and Boa Vista, which receive thousands of tourists each year.

Above: Luana with her research project, right Luana at the TV studio

he world is a box of surprises - every country and every city are uniquely wonderful. Some were built by nature, some were built by man, and others by the hand of God himself, each with a different culture. This article helps us learn more about some countries and cities, the relationships between them, and some examples of places to visit. Primarily we will look at Cape Verde and Portugal and their imprints around the world, including New Bedford and the South Coast. Cape Verdeans have a tradition of leaving their home country in search of a better life, migrating to study, work, buy houses, build families, and make investments for when they retire. They often return to their country of origin and spend the time they have left living in a luxurious style, saying that “it is worth the work and the effort.” Cape Verde, or Cabo Verde, is a small archipelago island nation in the Atlantic Ocean, off the northwest coast of Africa. It is known for its Creole Portuguese-African culture, traditional “morna” (a type of pop music) and numerous beaches. Cape Verde consists of 10 islands divided into two groups: The Barlavento Islands (Windward Islands) and the Sotavento Islands (Leeward Islands). The Barlavento Islands include Santo Antão, Sao Vicente, Santa Luzia, São Nicolau, Sal, and Boa Vista. The Sotavento Islands include Maio, Santiago, Fogo and Brava. The national flag of Cape Verde was adopted on September 22, 1992. It replaced the flag first used during Cape Verdean war for independence, which was fought against Guinea-Bis-

The islands of Cape Verde have a pleasant climate during most of the year with 350 days of sunshine, and some of them offer impressive mountain scenery. Diving, windsurfing, sailing and trekking are available to tourists. Some ecotourism is developing on the island of Fogo around the active stratovolcano, Pico do Fogo, and the island of Sao Vicente is the location of two popular festivals – a music and culture festival during the full moon of August, and an exotic Brazilian-themed carnival in mid-February. The salt mines of Pedra de Lume are Sao Vicente’s largest destination for tourism. The Penal Colony of Tarrafal is a historical site and an interesting place to visit, featuring the old but well-known political prison of Tarrafal. Green Hill is the highest point on the island with 750 meters of altitude. Ponta do Sol is located in the extreme north, on the island of Santo Antão. Ponta do Sol is a colonial-style village where one can relax while tasting one of the typical dishes of the island. The island of Fogo contains a tourism possibility - Fort Sao Filipe, a fort that was erected during the Philippine Dynasty after the assaults of the English privateer Francis Drake in 1578. Beginning on November 17, 1585, the function of this . . . . continued on page 33

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in is New Bedford, an American city located in the state of Massachusetts in Bristol County. It is about 59 miles south of Boston and 12 miles east of Fall River. The city of New Bedford also has a large population of Portuguese immigrants, about 40% of the resident population claims to have Portuguese ancestry and 12% of the city’s population is Cape Verdean.

More Cape Verdeans live outside of the country than inside. fort was to defend the city and its anchorage. Cape Verde has a population divided evenly of those who live on the islands and those who live abroad in mainland Africa, Europe, U.S., Brazil, and other countries. A large proportion (236,000) of Cape Verdeans lives on the main island of Santiago, the largest island in the chain. In 2019, the general population of Cape Verde was estimated at 560,349, a notable increase from 2014, when it included 514,000. Today it is the 172nd most populous country in the world. The idea of migrating is deeply rooted in Cape Verdean society as a strategy to achieve personal, family and social success. Migration is important for many Cape Verde people because it allows them to send money back to their families, something that helps stabilize family incomes and supports the nation’s economy. Some Cape Verdeans migrate looking for a better life, such as better educa-

tion and health care. Cape Verdean migration happens due to a lack of opportunities in the country that results in a lack of employment. In 2007, the United Nations listed Cape Verde in the category of least-developed countries. Since then the government has been working to improve the nation, but this has not stopped migration. Five centuries after its discovery, there are more Cape Verdeans living outside of Cape Verde than in the country itself. According to a 2002 report by the Migration Policy Institute; “More than a century of emigration has created Cape Verdean diaspora communities in about 25 countries across Europe, Africa, and the Americas. It is estimated that the number of people with Cape Verdean ancestry in the United States, including both migrants and their descendants, is higher than in any other country”. One of the most popular cities Cape Verdeans have chosen to live

Europeans first settled New Bedford in 1652 when English settlers from Plymouth Colony purchased the land from Chief Massasoit of the Wampanoag tribe. Whether the transfer of the land was legitimately done has been the subject of intense controversy. Like other native tribes, the Wampanoag did not share the settlers’ concepts of private property. The tribe may have believed they were granting usage rights to the land, not giving it up permanently. The city seal of New Bedford is inscribed in Latin, typical for a Massachusetts seal of the mid-nineteenth century. That was the year in which New Bedford was recognized by the commonwealth as a legitimate town in 1787. Before that it was known as Bedford Village, or Bedford Landing. New Bedford has had two economic booms, one from whaling and one from manufacturing during the Industrial Revolution. The city’s rich whaling history began with former slaves being the first workers employed on whaling ships, followed by Cape Verdeans . . . . continued on page 72 economy, work & lifestyle

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BLUE CAREERS

Emerging Occupations GREEN CAREERS

V. Paul Deare has a background in the development of American cities and 40 years of college instruction. He specializes in policies of social equity, neighborhood development, and currently serves as Eworkstyle’s COO.

New Bedford, MA hosts the U.S.A.’s most valued fishing port. Seafood produces a stable livelihood for the more than four thousand fishermen and auxiliary workers who sell fuel, repair boats, do welding, painting, cleaning, provide food, supplies and other necessary fishing industry support items. By 2012, the U.S. fishing industry was generating some $1 billion a year in economic activity. In 2018, Federal regulations were approved for offshore wind developers to engage in a working dialogue with the fishing industry. The potential of offshore wind to create clean energy jobs in Massachusetts, may reduce the region’s dependence on foreign oil, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions through the production of renewable energy. Wind Power reported, in the next 20 years, offshore wind could create about 91,000 more jobs in the U.S.A. than offshore drilling and enough energy to power over 115 million households. According to Mayor Jon Mitchell’s 2018 State-of-theCity address: “The New Bedford Port is the primary economic driver in the region because it supports nearly seven thousand jobs. The New Bedford Port Authority will be the epicenter where the fishing & wind industries will interact in the United States.” With that interaction comes the need for appropriate offshore wind industry support, as well as auxiliary support for the related marine science industries. Associated work will run the gamut from technicians and engineers to science and assembly workers across the U.S.A. As the ocean based Blue Industry evolves, New Bedford will be in a prime position to attract and retain talent, investment and many resources across more Blue Industry careers from science and oceanography to sea life preservation. 34

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Today’s green careers cover green building practices for residential and commercial sites, from solar energy and geothermal heating to non-toxic supplies, safe roads and brownfield site management. Professional credentials in green building have gained national and global notoriety as the rating system for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) has become the standard. Green careers also span those in businesses that produce goods or provide services that benefit the environment and\ or conserve natural resources such as electronic cars which cut down on greenhouse gases. Green jobs range from renewable energy and organic farming and policy and planning in environmental sciences. Related to green building is community preservation as well as the work of restoration in our national parks. Green careers include arborists and botanists working in biodiversity as well as experts and supporting teams in conservation, academia, policy, science, engineering and more. There are also urban planners, green tech entrepreneurs and preservation projects that can range from planting trees for soil captivation and clean air to the science of researching, making and merchandising biofuels distilled from plants. Green careers offer the conscientious recycler the opportunity to spend their professional life working to restore the earth’s natural resources. What green jobs have in common is the position of working with the earth’s natural resources to remediate toxic materials in communities’ and\or near natural resources such as water ways, so that the air and land can be more environmentally safe toward the development of a healthy world habitable for human life.

Creative New Bedford

Above: Iconic history & waterfront of downtown New Bedford

By Sean McCarthy - For more than two decades New Bedford has been experiencing a renaissance with its arts and culture. The establishment of AHA! Night and the“New Bedford Creative”has become a vital stimulus for prosperity. AHA! (Arts, History, Architecture) project or New Bedford’s free Downtown Cultural Night was launched, starting on the second Thursday of July, 1999. Chosen evenings honor the late shopping nights offered in New Bedford from 1940’s through the 1960’s. Since then Arts“AHA!”2nd Thursday events in collaboration with state, municipal and private funding partners has attracted local, regional and long-distance visitors to downtown New Bedford, revitalizing the city with a growing creative economy. During AHA! Night’s artistic expression is everywhere encouraging fun and nurturing for the soul. The city took steps to take advantage of their creative community when Mayor Jon Mitchell proposed the Arts, Culture and Tourism Fund in the spring of 2016. The fund allocated revenue generated from the city’s lodging tax (from city hotels) to be a catalyst for managing growth in its cultural and tourism sectors. A group of local volunteers from the community would soon come together to draft“New Bedford Creative.” In 2012, New Bedford found itself in the company of San Francisco, New York, and Los Angeles when Richard Florida of The Atlantic magazine ranked it as the seventh most artistic city in America. In 2016, the Massachusetts Cultural Council recognized New Bedford as the most creative community in the state. In late 2019, the Barr Foundation awarded a grant to help create an arts-based economic development program through its Transformative Development Initiative called“TDI Creative Cities.”New Bedford was

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chosen as the pilot city for“TDI Creative Cities”and the“Art is Everywhere”grant program was created to support the strategy. New Bedford Creative is a funded group located in the offices of the New Bedford EDC on Purchase St. in downtown. The group is led by Creative Strategist Margo Saulnier, a New Bedford native with a background in performing arts and the music industry. Saulnier lived in Boston and New York before returning to the area to spearhead New Bedford Creative. “There are many unique elements to New Bedford,” Saulnier says.“It’s a seaport city with a working waterfront, there’s a history of whaling and fishing, lots of people with different ethnic backgrounds who bring their culture to the city and make it continually interesting. It’s a culturally rich place to live and for a creative person to work.” Functions of New Bedford Creative include managing grant programs, promoting artists, maintaining their website and social media, acting as a liaison to many of the city’s public art and place making activities, and collaborating on programs of training and development for artists and cultural organizations. “Margo is providing great leadership and New Bedford Creative’s outreach has grown, people are becoming more aware of it,”says Patty A. Thomas, cofounder and Artistic Director of Culture Park, a local theatrical company devoted to new plays aimed at resonating with the community and region. “New Bedford Creative can help bring your ideas to life,”says New Bedford-based artist Kat Knutsen. “They’re movers and shakers, they make things happen. They see potential and vision and they support it and fuel it. They provide information and connect artists to resources; we’re extremely lucky as a city to have them. Artists often operate with their right brain, and New Bedford Creative provides the left, logical side, helping to bring economic success.” One of New Bedford Creative’s most significant offerings is their website, located at newbedfordcreative. org. The website is an in-depth guide to the city’s arts and culture opportunities, and includes a copy of the Arts and Culture Plan, a Creative Directory, a Calendar of Events, a listing of Grant Programs, a Tool Box for artists and a description of the city’s Cultural Districts. It can help answer a lot of questions and it will get you to what you want. It’s great for those who are visiting and want to know what’s going on, or if someone wants to retain an artist. . . . . continued on page 81 economy, work & lifestyle

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Ariadna Contreras-Roig

Emotional Intelligence

Above: Ariadna presenting research, right: Ariadna on a workforce panel

Emotional resilience is the ability to adapt to a highly stressful situation or crisis. People who are more resilient are capable of adapting to adversity. Resilient people can manage stress caused by life changes, whether they are large or less significant. Resilience can be learned, and the more you practice the better you will become. It requires that we pay attention to the complexities of our own experiences, listen to our emotions, and be willing to learn from disappointment and failure as well as success and motivation. According to the American Psychological Association, the first of the10 ways to build resilience is making connections. “First, Good relationships with close family members, friends, or others are important. Accepting help and support from those who care about you and will listen. Some people find that being active in faith-based organizations or other local groups provides social support and can help with reclaiming hope. Assisting others in their time of need also can benefit the helper.” The second one is,“Avoid seeing crises as insurmountable problems. You can’t change the fact that highly stressful events happen, but you can change how you interpret and respond to these events. Try looking beyond the present to how future circumstances may be a little better. Note any subtle ways in which you might already feel somewhat better as you deal with difficult situations.” Third is, “Accept that change is a part of living. Certain goals may no longer be attainable as a result of adverse situations. Accepting circumstances that cannot be changed can help you focus on circumstances that you can alter.” Fourth, “Move toward your goals. Develop some re-

alistic goals. Do something regularly even if it seems like a small accomplishment that enables you to move toward your goals. Instead of focusing on tasks that seem unachievable, ask yourself, ‘What’s one thing I know I can accomplish today that helps me move in the direction I want to go?’ Number five, my favorite, ‘“Taking decisive actions. Act on adverse situations as much as you can. Take decisive actions, rather than detaching completely from problems and stresses and wishing they would just go away.” Six, “look for opportunities for self-discovery. People often learn something about themselves and may find that they have grown in some respect as a result of their struggle with loss. Many people who have experienced tragedies and hardship have reported better relationships, greater sense of strength even while feeling vulnerable, increased sense of selfworth, a more developed spirituality, and heightened appreciation for life.” Number seven, another favorite, “Nurture a positive view of yourself. Developing confidence in your ability to solve problems and trusting your instincts helps build resilience.” Number eight, “Keep things in perspective. Even when facing very painful events, try to consider the stressful situation in a broader context and keep a long-term perspective. Avoid blowing the event out of proportion.” Nine, “Maintain a hopeful outlook. An optimistic outlook enables you to expect that good things will happen in your life. Try visualizing what you want, rather than worrying about what you fear.” And last but not least, number 10, “Take care of yourself. Pay attention to your own needs and feelings. Engage in activities that you enjoy and find relaxing, and exercise . . . . continued on page 37

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Ariadna Contreras-Roig 2

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES

Nurture a Positive View of Yourself regularly. Taking care of yourself helps to keep your mind and body primed to deal with situations that require resilience.” And another piece which I could not leave out is, “Finding some additional ways of strengthening resilience that may be helpful, for example, some people write about their deepest thoughts and feelings related to trauma or other stressful events in their life. Meditation, and spiritual practices help some people build connections and restore hope. The key is to identify ways that are likely to work well for you as part of your own personal strategy for fostering resilience.” The Taoist religion describes this as “The way of letting go.” Control freaks think that by pulling all the strings in their environment they will somehow improve it or at least make it bearable. But that same string-pulling is making their own lives unbearable and other peoples’ lives as well. The core motivator for control freaks is fear - fear that when they don’t pull the strings everything will fall apart. Probably some things will fall apart when you stop control-

ling them, but it might not be the catastrophe that is feared. Not being able to bare surrendering control isn’t an option. Letting go is a very powerful tool to have, you just have to use it. It is understandable that people do not value the power of “letting go” because doing nothing in this age of prestige and achievement is a form of passivity that is looked down upon. Some people are so afraid to do nothing that they instead do something that makes the situation even worse. If you do something people will at least perceive you as useful, while doing nothing you may be perceived as passive, uninterested, and even weak. It is very important to develop the skill of emotional self-regulation, emotional intelligence, or maturity. Emotional intelligence (EI) involves being able to notice, understand, and act on your own and other peoples’ emotions in an effective way. As children, our parents are supposed to help us learn to identify what type of emotion it is that we are feeling, why we are feeling

that way, and guide us through the process of determining what the best solution is. Learning to control our emotions in order to be able to think of a solution, and then brainstorming to see what could have been done better to change the outcome of a situation, teaches us to build emotional strength. So does talking about our challenges and feelings to the people closest to us who we trust the most. The concept of emotional intelligence was made popular in 1995, by author, psychologist Daniel Goldman, “Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ. As he described in the book, EI has five basic parts: 1) Self-awareness (understanding what he or she is feeling at a particular time and how it affects others); 2) Self-regulation (control of how you respond to emotions and consider possible consequences before acting on impulse); 3) Motivation (accomplishing goals in spite of negative or distracting feelings you may have); 4) Empathy (understanding how others feel), and 5) Social Skills (managing relationships and knowing what kind of behaviors . . . . continued on page 62 economy, work & lifestyle

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Discussions, Literacy

Above left: ACCESS Fellows in class, Right Picturing Frederick Douglass video available free at www.eworkstyle.org

When you think about language, discussions, verbal literacy and communications - lack thereof has always been used to disrupt and polarize critical thinking by disinformation, sensationalism, misinformation, under-education, burning books, slinging negatives and more. Our experience has shown chaos in communications means division of thinking into sporatic generally unrelated thoughts. Well thought out conclusions and solutions can only come from comprehensive discussions along trains of thought that can be followed and understood. When mentally assembling a series of events into critical consciousness to figure something out, one has to ponder on their entire encounter in order to make sense of it. Of course the event can be interpreted, understood, analyzed and processed differently by each person that shares the encounter and thus conversation about the experience is helpful in making sense of what was seen and what might not be understood. Understanding this, it is important to teach the difference between facts and opinion, which and include fun and important conversations that even cover confusion, harassment, chaotic language in order to understand tactics used to keep people from making clear and independent decisions. This becomes fun when incorporating the web as a playground on local to global human rights events and activities, public policy situations or racism structures that undermine equity from 38

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personal freedoms to livable cities. The idea is to get students stretch their thinking and exchange ideas, perspectives and develop insight into pride and prejudices from marginalization to equality in gender, class, religion, social status, education and economic means. It is important to teach conversants to overcome their so called disadvantaged backgrounds by looking at democracy and equity across civics and education, and to be ambassadors that stand against the intensification of social inequities locally and around the globe. As Eworkstyle Institute Community Fellows, our students have created an array of research papers that are available free in our Alumni Hall at www.eworkstyle.org. Most of the papers have free companion videos that are available at Eworkstyle Web TV. These materials are designed to help you begin discussions that encourage literacy and comprehension, especially with how the power of their voice can be used in research, interpretation, responsibility, ethics, decision making and deliverables for information sharing, writing and reporting. The goal is to mastermind the concept of who students are in a global world, including what according to their culture is a healthy working lifestyle via self-selection and self-interpretation from income equality to pride in reputation.

Watch Picturing Frederick Douglass on web TV available free at eworkstyle.org.

& Comprehension

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Literacy is more than just the ability to read and write. Literacy includes the ability to comprehend surroundings, as well as to use language, numbers, images and symbols to solve problems. To be literate is to communicate and understand language and cultural stories whether useful for developing knowledge or a process of communicating in a family or with peers.

MIND OF A CHILD

Literacy starts with understanding and processing language in a way that communicates with others to solve problems. Research shows that solutions oriented conversations coupled with reading\discussing ten pages per day, will develop into create a progression of skills over 5,000 waking hours in a year. The aforementioned two habits can make the difference in whether a child achieves high or low grades in school. At the close of each year, a child of 2 or 3 years of age should experience 30 million words to properly evolve. Engage children with a book, movie, plan or ideas and discuss each day. The key to literacy is not only the practice of language, reading and writing, but developing comfort with these habits. Literacy involves a progression of skills from understanding spoken words and decoding variable meanings to awareness of speech sounds, accents and spelling as well as language comprehension. Literacy comes from experiencing the beginning, middle and end of insightful, critical discussions as they progress. Literacy involves taking mental notes from a combined litter of books, TV, and other forms of intellectual intake. Literacy is accomplished moment by moment - when an individual struggles with insights, learned material, informed decisions, inference, coherence and critical analysis to understand something. Literacy comes when that person accomplishes the focus and synthesis to have a ‘eureka’ moment based on a creative thought of their own. In this way, literacy makes us all unique in our ability to identify, understand and interpret varying contexts. Literacy involves life-long learning to enable each of us to develop our knowledge, potential and goals. Literacy allows us to participate fully in our own lives, the lives of our families, community and in the world. Literacy affects growth in all minds from infants to seniors.

• Language skills at age 3 predict measures for language skills and academic success at age 9. • Children accumulate experience in an average 5,000 waking hours in each year, by watching and identically mimiking their parents language literacy communication habits & behaviors. • Children from lower-income families will have experienced 30 million fewer words than their middle-class peers by the time they start kindergarten.

• In their first four years of life, the average child in a low There are many factors that encourage or discourage communications literacy income family will have accumuwell before early childhood education enters the picture. Research has shown lated 5 times more instances of prohibits than encouragements. such factors can and do inhibit the development of individuals well after the pursuit of elementary or high school and well into college and work life. Those • Vocabulary skills are associated factors include the overwhelming negatives a person experiences from those with reading & writing compretrusted and close along the way. Children from lower income families typically hension. experience 5 encouragements and 11 discouragements per hour. Over an • Accumulated experience with average 5,000 hour year these responses amount to 160k encouragements communications and various and 26k discouragements. Discouragements in low-income families are twice forms of media over the course that of middle-class and three times that of upper-class families. Children from of a child, teen, adult lifetime; lower income families are encouraged five-times less than peers in middleadds up to each individuals’ class families and ten-times less than peers in upper-class families. stored intellectual library of call Literacy rests with individual exposure from early childhood throughout life. and response behaviors. Literacy reflects the encouragements and discouragements we receive. Liter• Av. 18 yr old has 11,000 hrs of acy combines with the number and kinds of words we hear and process on a class time & 22,000 hrs of (80% daily, monthly and yearly basis. We now know that even-keeled, non-temperviolent) media exposure. amental conversations are not only critical to early childhood developmental • Incarcerated youths with an growth – these kinds of conversations positively impact human growth at 11th grade education on average all ages. Reading is important for children, but it is a one-way engagement. Having a positive, thought provoking, analytical conversation that is solutions have 4th grade reading skills. oriented - with all parties involved can be a critical factor in how well a child, Learn more at eworkstyle.org. teen, adult or senior comprehends communicating and solving problems. economy, work & lifestyle

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Savon Baptista

Freedom Isn’t Free

Above & right: Savon preparing the audio track for his video project

War. We all know the destruction and chaos it causes, the pain and suffering that it leaves behind. I believe that war can have a very strong impact on a people’s culture and history. Join me on my journey into World War II as I attempt to explain how this war has formed an impact on the freedom of African Americans. The Revolutionary War - Let’s start from the beginning, at the 1876 Centennial Celebration of the Revolution in Philadelphia, where not a single speaker acknowledged the contributions of African Americans in establishing the nation. Yet by 1783, thousands of black Americans had become involved in the Revolutionary War. Many were active participants, some won their freedom and others were victims, but throughout the struggle blacks refused to be mere bystanders and gave their loyalty to the side that seemed to offer the best prospect for freedom. By 1775, more than a half-million African Americans, most of them enslaved, were living in the 13 colonies. Early in the 18th century, a few white New England ministers and conscientious Quakers, such as George Keith and John Woolman, had questioned the morality of slavery but they were largely ignored. By the 1760s, however, as the colonists began to speak out against British tyranny, more Americans pointed out the obvious contradiction between advocating liberty and owning slaves. In 1774, Abigail Adams wrote,“It always appeared a most iniquitous scheme to me to fight ourselves for what we are daily robbing and plundering from those who have as good a right to freedom as we have.” Widespread talk of liberty gave thousands of slaves’high expec-

tations, and many were ready to fight for a democratic revolution that might offer them freedom. In 1775, approximately 15 black soldiers, including some slaves, fought against the British at the battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill. Two of these men, Salem Poor and Peter Salem, earned special distinction for their bravery. By 1776, however, it had become clear that the revolutionary rhetoric of the founding fathers did not include enslaved blacks. The Declaration of Independence promised liberty for all men but failed to put an end to slavery; and although they had proved themselves in battle, the Continental Congress adopted a policy excluding black soldiers from the army. In spite of these discouragements, many free and enslaved African Americans in New England were willing to take up arms against the British. And as soon as states found it increasingly difficult to fill their enlistment quotas with white soldiers, they began to turn to this untapped pool of manpower. Eventually every state above the Potomac River recruited slaves for military service, usually in exchange for their freedom. By the end of the Revolutionary war, some 8,000 blacks had served the American cause in some capacity on the battlefield, behind the lines in noncombatant roles and on the seas. By 1777, some states began enacting laws that encouraged white owners to send slaves to the army in return for their enlistment bounty, also allowing masters to use slaves as substitutes when they or their sons were drafted. In the South, the idea of arming slaves for military service met with such opposition that only free blacks were normally allowed to enlist in the army. . . . . continued on page 41

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“Ethiopian Regiment,”composed of runaway slaves. By promising freedom, Dunmore enticed over 800 slaves to escape from“rebel” masters. Whenever they could, enslaved blacks continued to join him until he was defeated and forced to leave Virginia in 1776. Dunmore’s innovative strategy met with disfavor in England, but to many blacks the British army came to represent liberation. Most black soldiers were scattered throughout the Continental Army in integrated infantry regiments, where they were often assigned to support roles as wagoners, cooks, waiters or artisans. Several all-black units, commanded by white officers, were also formed and saw action against the British. Rhode Island’s Black Battalion was established in 1778, when that state was unable to meet its quota for the Continental Army. The legislature agreed to set free slaves who volunteered for the duration of the war, and compensated their owners for their value. This regiment performed bravely throughout the war and was present at Yorktown, where an observer noted it was “the most neatly dressed, the best under arms, and the most precise in its maneuvers.” Ironically, the Southern states were reluctant to recruit enslaved African Americans for the army, but they had no objections to using free and enslaved blacks as pilots and able-bodied seaman. In Virginia alone, as many as 150 black men,

many of them slaves, served in the state navy. After the war, the legislature granted several of these men their freedom as a reward for faithful service. African Americans also served as gunners and sailors on privateers and in the Continental Navy during the Revolution. While the majority of blacks who contributed to the struggle for independence performed routine jobs, a few, such as James Lafayette, gained renown by serving as spies or orderlies for well-known military leaders. Black participation in the Revolution, however, was not limited to supporting the American cause. Either voluntarily or under duress, thousands also fought for the British. Enslaved blacks made their own assessment of the conflict and supported the side that offered the best opportunity to escape bondage. Most British officials were reluctant to arm blacks, but as early as 1775, Virginia’s royal governor, Lord Dunmore, established an all-black

The Civil War - As early as 1858, the ongoing conflict between North and South over the issue of slavery had led Southern leadership to discuss a unified separation from the United States. By 1860, the majority of the slave states were publicly threatening secession if the Republicans, then the anti-slavery party, won the presidency. Following Republican Abraham Lincoln’s victory over the divided Democratic Party in November 1860, South Carolina immediately initiated secession proceedings. On December 20, the South Carolina legislature passed the“Ordinance of Secession,”which declared,“The Union now subsisting between South Carolina and other states, under the name of the United States of America, is hereby dissolved.” After that declaration, South Carolina set about seizing forts, arsenals, and other strategic locations within the state. The Lincoln administration wrestled with the idea of authorizing the recruitment of black troops, concerned that such a move would prompt the border states to secede. When General John C. Frémont in . . . . continued on page 64 economy, work & lifestyle

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Amanda Santangelo

Art vs. Technology expensive phone connected to the World Wide Web, where they can be exposed to many violent videos, they should be exposed to art.

Above: Amanda working on the video for this research project

I believe art is what makes the world go around. Art is a creative part of our inner thoughts. Each of us should have a creative and fun side of ourselves, particularly because the world is so serious. Imagine a world without paintings, dance, theater or music? All that would be left would be business, war and politics. Where would we find inspiration to come up with so many creative ideas needed to improve our lives? My position in this paper is to ask if we are becoming indifferent to innocence, play and creativity through use and over emphasis on cellphones. And are we in the process of losing the honest and healing expressions of the arts? The other day I saw my nine year-old niece with her expensive iPhone looking up that horrible“MoMo”character, a figure that news reports claim“told children to commit suicide.” I was really frightened to see her playing it. Who wants their nine year-old to have ideas like that in their head? To me this is extremely serious - suicide is not a thing to joke about. What other horrible things might be out on the internet or on the dark web? The MoMo game’s 50-day challenge was on the internet for children and adolescents. The challenge told them to perform a series of dangerous tasks for 50 days, including violent attacks, self-harm and even suicide. That’s when I started thinking about what my niece should be looking at instead. It may sound old-fashioned, but I think pre-teen children should have flip cellphones, just for emergencies because those phones don’t have global internet access. Instead of getting pre-teens an

How can pre-teens know what they are looking at? How can they know if it is bad? Pre-teens shouldn’t have access to pages that are highly inappropriate until they are of the age to know what is right and what is wrong. There are a lot of bad websites that they may go on that don’t teach anything useful for life. Children need to put down their cellphones, go outside and explore new and interesting places, as well as art. Children that have cellphones now are being isolated from the world because they don’t pay attention to what is really in front of them. They are basically talking to people who may or may not be who they say they are. But if they are required to put down their phones and start communicating with people around them they might make better connections and find out something great. Youth are not learning a lot compared to what they could learn if they would just put away the phones. Parents, I feel, are the ones responsible for any child’s isolation because by purchasing the latest technology for kids, they get access to dangerous things they are not yet aware of. More children and teenagers from mid-2000 through the late-2010’s experienced serious and psychological distress, major depression or suicidal thoughts. According to the National Institutes of Health, there is increasing evidence that the internet and social media can influence suicide-related behavior. More of these young people attempted suicide, and most of this occurred by them being exposed to horrible things on the internet. . . . . continued on page 43

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explore alternatives. I hope this has article has helped you to think about more creative time versus more of the internet. References

The other day I saw my nine year-old niece with her expensive iPhone looking up that horrible “MoMo” character, a figure that news reports claim “told children to commit suicide.” The effects from the internet have a huge impact on teens more than older adults. Children and teens that have cellphones with internet access tend to sleep less because they are on their phones when they should be sleeping. When children or teenagers are on their phones very late in the night they tend to get angry in the morning because they don’t get the sleep they need. So what parents should do is take the phone away at night or even replace the phone with one that doesn’t have internet access. I feel art is important to have in our lives because without art we wouldn’t be able to come up with creative solutions or see the world in a creative way. My first introduction to art in the form of music TV and theater was“Barney and Friends.” After watching and listening to that over time, I progressed into to pop music. As I grew up, I was being introduced to music that my sister liked. Since then I’ve developed my own taste and have

been listening to my favorite music for years. I really enjoy upbeat music from the 1990’s, particularly boybands from the late 1980’s and 90’s –“New Kids on the Block,”and my absolute favorite group of all time to this day, the Backstreet Boys. The Backstreet Boys’music makes me feel like I can do anything in life, even when I’m having a hard time. I seem to be in sync with their lyrics and voices. The rhythms they play make me feel sad, sentimental and energized. When things go wrong, I turn on my music and it makes me feel like I’m in a different world, when I’m anxious it relaxes me. OK so I may be one of their most obsessive, number one fans. But the point is creative things like music, art and nature are what keep the world from being a depressing place. I feel that a great time to seek out art is when you get stressed out. Some people find art relaxing because painting, drawing, music, dance and other forms of art is a great way to let your creative mind

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ articles/PMC3477910/ HOSTS OF LOCAL FREE EVENTS FORT TABER MILITARY MUSEUM 1000C South Rodney French Blvd New Bedford, MA, 02744 www.fortaber.org BUTTONWOOD PARK ZOO 425 Hawthorn Street New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.buttonwoodpark.org NEW BEDFORD FIRE MUSEUM 51 Bedford Street New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.newbedfordfiremuseum.org NEW BEDFORD WHALING MUSEUM 18 Johnny Cake Hill New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.whalingmuseum.org NEW BEDFORD PUBLIC FREE LIBRARY 613 Pleasant Street New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.newbedfordlibrary.org NB WHALING NATIONAL HISTORIC PARK 33 William Street New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.NationalParks.org MUSEUM OF MADEIRAN HERITAGE 27 Hope Street New Bedford, MA, 02746 www.museumofmadeiranheritage. com NATHAN AND POLLY JOHNSON HOUSE 21 Seventh Street New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.nbhistoricalsociety.org NB ART MUSEUM/ART WORKS 608 Pleasant Street New Bedford, MA, 02740 www.newbedfordart.org Download Amanda’s paper or watch her video free at eworkstyle.org. economy, work & lifestyle

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Sarik Ramos

The Pros & Cons of Gaming

the generations of gaming: (14) - The Silent Generation: Born 1928-1945 (73-90 years old) played board games: - Monopoly-1933, Sorry-1934, Easy Money 1935 & Scrabble 1938 - Baby Boomers: Born 1946-1964 (54-72 years old) continued to play board games:

Above: Sarik in contemplation, right Sarik with his mom Martha

As a second-generation gamer, I have experience with gaming from both of my parents who were gamers at one point and as I outgrew my parents gaming style, I developed a mastery of Japanese and American games and different styles of gaming. As I write about insights to gaming in this article, I will include the history of gaming, trends in gaming, and the influence gaming has on people. Gaming has been around for approximately 5,000 years, when board games are said to have been invented in Mesopotamia. (1) As mentioned above, the first national introduction of gaming in the United States may have been shown at the first World Fair in 1853, in the form of board games & outdoor games at the exhibition of the “Industry of All Nations in New York.”(6) Today gaming technology and ideas continue to evolve and improve. The primary differences between ancient and modern games are based on the available technologies and the rules and regulations which are designed to capture and keep the interests of gaming generations. When you look at different types of games from ancient times, the technologies were primarily simple. Most were made from simpler resources such as paper, wood, stone or metal. Today gaming technologies are far more robust - including electronic devices such as remote controllers and digital phones, which may also include forms of software and added artificial intelligence (AI), and virtual reality. Let’s take a moment to think about where each of us are within

- Conflict-1940, Clue-1947, Scrabble re-released-1948 and by 1961,“Spacewar” was the first interactive computer game designed on a mainframe computer by Steve Russel, MIT. - Generation X: Born 1965-1980 (38-53 years old) played digital computer games: - Brown Box - a video game prototype developed by Ralph Baer in 1967, allowed individuals to play tennis and other games. In 1968, Baer patents his interactive TV game and by 1972, Odyssey, the first home video game based on his design, was released. In this way, video games were invented in 1970’s with “Atari,” and “Pong” coming to the arcades. Video game arcades came into being around 1971. By 1977, Atari released the full color video computer system “Atari 2600,” with a joystick, cartridge game changes and the ability to set difficulty modes. In 1978, Americans spent millions of quarters on the video arcade game Space Invaders. By 1979, Mattel sold 3 million sports game “Intellivision” units. And in 1980, the first version of Pac-Man for the Atari 2600 is released, and it becomes the first arcade hit to appear on home consoles. - Millennials: Born 1981-1996 (22-37 years old) A.K.A. “Gen Y,” were the first to play console games. Millennials prefer to play mobile and tablets and play games with action, shooter and strategy categories. By . . . . continued on page 45

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Gaming has been Around for Approximately 5,000 Years. 1981, “Jump Man,” better known as “Mario,” was invented. 1982, Disney released an arcade version of the movie Tron. 1984, Russian mathematician Alexey Pajitnov created “Tetris.” And by 1985, Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) was released - reviving the US gaming industry. In 1989, the Nintendo Game Boy shook up hand-held gaming (which had been initiated by Milton Bradley ten years earlier). Nintendo had a more hand-friendly device, longer battery life, easier usability, and more games to play. Microsoft gets into gaming by 1990, by bundling a video game version of “Solitaire” on Windows 3.0. Then in 1991, Sega invents “Sonic the Hedgehog,” which takes off across the United States. In, 1995, Sony released the first PlayStation in the USA. And by 1996, Eidos releases “Tomb Raider,” an Action-Adventure video game for the Sega Saturn PlayStation, selling over seven million copies world-wide.

- Post-Millennials: Born 1997-2017 (0-21 years old) A.K.A. “Gen Z,” played both console and digital games as the technology moves from physical cartridges to disks & SD type cards. Generation Z represents 14 percent of mobile gamers, according by Tapjoy, and 27 percent of all gamers. Pew Research found that 81 percent of teens age 13-17 either have or have access to a game such as PlayStation, Xbox or Wii. In 2000, Sony PlayStation 2 becomes the dominant gaming system in the USA. In 2001, Microsoft invents the Xbox and hit game “Halo: Combat Evolve.” By 2004, Nintendo invented the Nintendo Dual Screen (DS) an easy to use, portable gaming system packed with two processors, two screens, multiplayer capabilities, and a stylus or pen customized for touchscreen use. In 2005, Xbox 360 gained millions of fans with its advanced graphics and seamless on-line play. And in 2006, Nintendo

invented the Nintendo Wii with motion control and made gaming more active - it also appeals to millions of people who never before liked video games. By 2010, the Indie games movement comes of age with tremendous popularity of “Minecraft,” the additive brick-building game from Swedish developer Markus Persson. In 2011, Skylanders’“Spyro’s Adventure,” becomes the first augmented-reality hit by players putting plastic figures on a separately-purchased portal allowing players to zap characters into the game. - As 2014, approaches, Free-ToPlay becomes the dominant blockbuster business with internet and phone-based games such as CrossFire, Clash of Clans and World of Tanks. Free games allow “in-game” purchases where players can advance their characters and their power. In 2015, the online video streaming platform Twitch fuels the growth of what is now being called “E-Sports” (electronic sports) when thirty-six million viewers watched the League of Legends World Championship. - By 2016, virtual reality takes hold with Niatic’s free-to-play hit “Pokemon Go” where players hunt for virtual creatures like Pikachu and Horsea in the real world. The game avatars interact with cellphone GPS map technologies to create stops and adventures where players get to exercise as part of their gaming fun. In 2017, Nintendo gained market dom. . . . continued on page 58 economy, work & lifestyle

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Jordan Lopes

Nutrition & Wellness

and release - which is the physical action required for blood flow. Blood flow brings vitamins and minerals to every cell and muscle in our bodies in the form of nutrition.

Above: Jordan beginning his research project, right Jordan presenting

With the way life is in the world, including America, everyone would benefit by getting on the nutrition and wellness wave. There are many benefits, and the happiness that comes with wellness is exciting! When we practice nutrition and wellness, almost immediately we feel the positive effects of what we’ve been missing. I can say from my own experience that practicing wellness is definitely worthwhile. So let’s get right into it. I have seen the effects of eating better quality foods on myself, when I was eating all unhealthy stuff, not exercising and not taking time to care for myself, I would have slight mood swings and my reactions to certain situations could have been handled in a much calmer and overall better way. But, when I started to eat healthier and getting in tune with exercising and taking time for my happiness, I saw and felt major attitude changes, something I’d long been searching for in myself. I can now go out with my family and friends and not have a bad attitude. I found myself actually engaging, smiling, and just in general having a great time! I even added meditation to my experiences with natural foods and that led to more great experiences and just enjoying life. I believe that if everyone in the world tried to eat at least onethird more healthy foods and started getting more active while taking care of themselves, the experience would improve our way of thinking towards life, and help us to become more peaceful. Now, I will introduce what I understand about nutrition. The human body is made up of 102 mineral/elements and trace mineral/elements. Our bodies are wired with an electrical tissue which helps our hearts pump blood throughout. Human veins and arteries are similar to wires that connect to a stereo. Without our electrical system and its wiring, our hearts would not contract

So what we eat is connected to how we look and feel. What I just shared is also how our body naturally heals and fights off sickness on its own. That includes: infectious diseases (cold\flu), nutritional deficiency diseases (e.g. gingivitis, rash, internal bleeding, impaired wound healing)), nutritionally related hereditary diseases (e.g. allergies) and non-genetic nutritionally related hereditary diseases (e.g. lactose intolerance), including some physiological diseases (fatigue, depression, and connective tissue defects, just to name a few things to get you started thinking. The term disease means that your body is not“at ease” with a particular physical issue, whether born with an issue or grown into a physical issue. To function properly we must give our bodies the proper nutrition and wellness to help the healing process. If we put too many unnatural foods into our bodies, they will build up and block our bodies’ability to heal. Our bodies’will backfire, especially if we don’t take a break from junk by detoxing or internal cleansing. For people who eat junk food, be aware of the harmful properties of GMO, salts, sugars and processed foods. People must be aware of the signs that our bodies need a break from junk food. Signals like pimples, rash, fatigue, constipation, light-headedness and obesity show us that we need to take a junk food break and do some internal cleansing or detoxing. Understanding this matter is critical. In particular, if we are out of shape and want to get back into shape we should be walking, swimming or going to the gym, etc. to consistently give . . . . continued on page 47

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The Happiness that Comes with Health & Wellness is Exciting

our bodies a physical work out. Always start slow in order to stretch muscles and build stamina. However, exercising and eating junk and processed foods will not get the expected quality results you may desire. Natural nutrition such as water, fruits, vegetables, herbs, nuts, grains, oils and seeds give us the most powerful and efficient sources of vitamins and minerals that our body needs and craves. I find it kind of ironic how some foods look like human body parts, organs and cells, and how these foods help with the improvement and function of the specific body part, organ or cell it resembles. So if you want to begin with just a few of nature’s products that correspond with the creation of our bodies, try these. Tomatoes have the shape of hearts and have four chambers just as our hearts have four chambers. Walnuts look like our brain and are good for brain health. Cucumbers, watermelon, broccoli, grapes and avocados look like parts of our lungs and are good for building oils and moisture. Apples, bulb fennel and ginger look like parts of our stomachs and digestive tracts, and are good for digestion. Citrus fruits look like breasts\chests and are good for the breasts and chests of

men and women. Mushrooms look like ears and are good for strong hearing while carrying toxins out of the body. And finally, onions and garlic are layered like parts of our blood cells and muscular structure and are great detoxifiers. I believe that these are not coincidences - nature is for us and we are for nature. All it takes is reliable information and confidence to master good nutrition and wellness, try looking up your favorite foods on your own. Photosynthesis is a process by which plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water to create chlorophyll and oxygen as the byproducts. Throughout the phases of photosynthesis, a plant draws in minerals and nutrients from the soil to create an edible element. So for instance, if I am anemic and I have an iron deficiency, I can’t just go and chew on the iron in a rock, nature provides a source of iron in vegetables, which is enjoyable and edible for us to eat. People that are deficient in certain minerals are only deficient because either they are not taking the correct source of that mineral or their body cannot process what they are taking in. For example, people who are overweight and have strong cravings to eat more junk food have to slow down and think about what they are putting into their bodies. Empty calories means they are lit-

erally just starving themselves due to a lack nutrients. Their body is not processing anything that has nutritional value, so it turns it into mucus which gets stored to become fat. If one feels the need to eat consider your body is really just searching for a correct source of nutrients: sweet cravings means fruit, not cake. Eating natural nutrition is more than just having a healthy diet, there are medicinal healing factors that come into play. In my studies, I was inspired to learn from a man named Alfredo Bowman, aka Dr. Sebi, a practicing herbalist who had numerous entertainers and actors among his clients, including Michael Jackson. Throughout my research on Bowman I found that people of all cultures claimed he cured them from many kinds of sickness and disease. The basis of most sickness and disease is mucus/glucose imbalance. Mucus is a slimy substance, typically secreted by mucus membranes and glands for lubrication and protection. Much of the control and flow of the body’s digestive process is also in balancing the mucus/glucose within. For example, all parts of the body need energy to work. This energy comes from the food we eat. When the stomach digests food, the carbohydrates in the food break down into a viscous type of sugar -mucus called glucose. Since the basis of most sickness is the formulation, distribution and control of mucus/glucose and its trace . . . . continued on page 76 economy, work & lifestyle

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Darnel Staley

The Culture of Wellbeing

als involved, such as nutritional deficiencies, causes of stress and why there might be a lack of good health and well-being. Their holistic approach involved the individual taking responsibility for their own health and well-being. Individuals can do this by educating themselves and being active in maintaining and improving their health and well-being.

Above: Darnel capturing a moment, right Darnel in historic costume

According to several dictionaries, the true definition of culture is the collective manifestation of human intellectual accomplishments regarded by a group people often attributed to a specific region or location. Culture is an umbrella term which encompasses civil and community behavior, as well as institutions and norms found in human societies. Culture is also the assortment of customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group. Culture includes: knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the collective individuals in a civilization. Well-being, or wellbeing, also known as wellness, is a quality of life that is personally valuable to someone. So the well-being of a person is what is makes a person’s mind, body and spirit feel good. In general, happiness, health, financial security, self- acceptance, and love are a few measures of wellbeing. Challenges we face to our wellbeing include: poor aging, unhealthy lifestyle, substance abuse, violence , materialism, educational disparities, racism, sexism, religionism, extremism, mental health issues and much, much more including urban and career stress. I primarily studied the Santa Monica Project for its Holistic definition of health and well-being. The process of looking at an individual’s health and lifestyle, and considering all four factors physical, intellectual, emotional and social can be done anywhere. The Santa Monica Project focused on the whole body and mind, not just a part of the body and the symptoms of any wellness problems. They looked at the lifestyle of the individu-

I believe that a person’s mental health quality is the defining factor for a state of well-being. Every individual must be able to realize his or her own wellness potential, they must be able to cope with the normal stresses and stressors of life; individuals must be able to work productively to earn a liveable wage, and we must be able to make some kind of contribution to the communities we live in so that we matter and have a value measure for being alive. According to the Santa Monica Project’s Community-wide Well-being Findings: many in the community lacked strong social connections and a sense of neighborhood cohesion. - The Well-being Project’s analysis of three key measures of the community dimension included: strong local networks, civic engagement, and community identity. They found that a surprisingly large percentage of Santa Monica residents reported feeling that they have very little influence on local decision-making, even though these residents vote and volunteer at higher-than-average rates. Many act to improve their community, but there remains a sense of detachment and distrust between many residents and their neighbors. Research shows strong and trusting . . . . continued on page 49

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community relationships are important drivers of individual and community resilience, particularly in times of need. The project examined changing patterns of health, causes and effects of urban stress, and approaches to the management of stress. First, they highlighted focus on areas for well-being awareness and education. Then they looked at the data to identify possible priorities and policies, resource allocation, research and the use of well-being science needed to move wellness forward. Aging and lifestyle also played a huge role in wellbeing, especially when looking at solutions to combat wellness challenges that young people face. Think of age as wisdom that we learn from people of all ages and walks of life. What we do with our time is important. We often develop our lifestyles based off of our environmental and social constructs. There is a critical need for overcoming these obstacles and challenges. They must be met with wellness solutions. Healthy eating was also a wellness measure and in this project they found that the healthiest eating

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population was strongest in their downtown area where individuals were getting enough food as well as healthy portions of vegetables in daily diets. The lowest healthy eating population was by those who had to travel to work by bus or who lived in neighborhoods outside of downtown which did not have farmers markets or access to fresh produce. The project found that mobility and development changes has the potential to boost or decrease well-being. For instance, how people get around the city (bike, bus, scooter, car), factors in whether they feel they have access to the things they want in their neighborhoods. Further earning a livable wage factors into how concerned they are about being able to afford to stay in the city they reside in, which impacts their need for security, an important factor in having culture of wellbeing. What was most difficult to study, but easy to understand, was well-being strengths and needs differ significantly by zip code. Of course, those in the middle class and upper income zip codes had a far stronger sense of wellbeing

than those in the low income and low employment zip codes. Overall, the presence of higher levels of wellbeing noted an absence of detractors such as crime, vacant or crowded housing, etc. Residents generally reported higher well-being than people in lower income zip codes in sideby-side comparisons across age groups. My take on this is safe neighborhoods, better street lighting, walkable communities come with higher levels of income. On the other hand actions to improve well-being in low income zip codes must address strengths and needs in many ways with individuals and institutions alike. Some ideas include: doing local research and presenting the findings to the City Council; analyze findings to develop city policy and programs; communicating to community, neighborhood, business and civic groups; refining the data collection process to further develop the Well-being Index. Resource: www.smgov.net/wellbeing For more watch Darnel’s video free at www.eworkstyle.org. economy, work & lifestyle

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Edwin Sanes Alejandro

Native Lands & Abuse of Privileges biodegradable replacements for different kinds of plastics by protesting and choosing to shop in other ways and voting for policy changes. 2) Preventing trash dumping on a global scale so the ocean has a chance to renew itself for future generations. That will take a lifetime of support from many countries but we all have a lot to gain: fishing, water travel and sports and a healthy ecosystem.. Above: Edwin at the Whaling Museum talking about marine life

Have you ever heard of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a collection of marine debris in the North Pacific Ocean. Marine debris is litter and trash that ends up in the ocean, seas, and other large bodies of water. While many different types of trash enter the ocean, plastics make up the majority of marine debris because they are not biodegradable. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch covers an area twice the size of Texas or three times the size of France. 80 percent of plastic in the ocean is estimated to come from landbased sources, with the remaining 20 percent coming from boats and other marine sources. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly expanding as rotating currents called “gyres” pull more and more trash into the area. In each of the ocean’s five “gyres”—one in the Indian, two in the Atlantic, and two in the Pacific—have accumulated their own garbage piles of varying size, with the Great Pacific Garbage Patch being the largest and most well-known. A trash cleanup system called “Jenny” has been invented after many trials and seems to be working. But Great Pacific Garbage Patch contains roughly 79,000 tons of plastic. “Jenny” can remove 20,000 pounds of trash and they need about ten “Jennys” to clean up half of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years. However, A 2020 study found that more than 24 billion pounds (11 million metric tons) of plastic are being dumped into oceans each year, a figure that could nearly triple by 2040.

3) Teaching litter prevention in our homes, schools, community centers, cities and parks. This is something that is small enough that everyone, even children can pitch in and help with. How bad can it get? In Hawaii, “News Now” talked about how the Moilili neighborhood was desperate for help because there was so much park trash that the community park was being turned into a drug den. The problem had gotten so bad that people felt trapped inside of their homes. In the Dominican Republic there were waves of garbage covering the beaches in the summer of 2018, they got sixty tons of trash washed onto their beaches after several days of heavy rain. The Dominican Public Works\Communications Ministry did manage to clean trash on the coast of Santo Domingo, Montesano’s Beach.

Solutions have to begin with three things on land:

In Alaska tons of trash from across the ocean was fouling the nation’s parks and beaches. The problem was that much of this trash has reached the ocean from other places by riding the currents and shows up on Alaska’s beaches after storms.

1) Forcing companies to create biodegradable plastics or a

In Puerto Rico’s San Juan Estuary, one of . . . . continued on page 51

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Above photo Forbes.com. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, more than 61 miles

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is twice the size of Texas the top inland Caribbean waterways, is a body of water that goes to freshwater rivers and streams which flow to the ocean and then it mixes with the sea water, but was still full of trash. They held a massive cleanup in 2013, and was able to pull more than 30,000 pounds of trash out of the estuary. The stuff they extracted was refrigerators, tires, shopping carts, toys, fishing nets, and a lot of plastic bottles. This trash hurts the sea creatures because the plastic can’t be digested and gets stuck in their stomachs, ties them up in nets and in other ways kills them.

what is going on, then we are intentionally hurting the ocean’s water quality and sea creatures. If we ignore the problem and keep polluting then our children and grandchildren will not have use of the beautiful parks, open spaces and beaches that we take for granted in our native lands. We can make saving our oceans, beaches and parks fun if we find people who have creative ideas to help us think about getting our neighbors to pitch in with solving these issues.

There are millions of ways we can solve the issue of pollution. We What effect do these problems can help out with trash pickup have in these places? There are lists days. We can participate in “Save of health and safety concerns to the Earth Days. We can raise funds protect people and animals from to create events that raise awarebroken glass, cans, needles, nails or ness of the problem. We are all more dangerous stuff like animal special in our own way and I know excretions that can bring disease. that if we get together, talk to each These conditions are not only other, and spend time thinking impacting water quality; but also about the problem, we can find the food chain as farmers water solutions that work now and for futheir fields and as we eat fish from ture generations. What I am trying the ocean. to say is the parks, beaches, open If we don’t start now that we know spaces and oceans are privileges

Above: Edwin editing this story’s video

that we are taking for granted. If we do not take care of them, then we will lose them to the trash we dump into them. I have created a short video that will help demonstrate the problem to children and families which includes some ideas on how to get involved with solutions for a new generation. References 1. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/great-pacificgarbage-patch 2. https://www.smithsonianmag. com/smart-news/this-new-installation-just-pulled-20000-poundsof-plastic-from-the-great-pacificgarbage-patch-180978895/ 3. https://theoceancleanup.com/ great-pacific-garbage-patch/ 4. https://www.forbes.com/sites/ scottsnowden/2019/05/30/300mile-swim-through-the-greatpacific-garbage-patch-will-collect-data-on-plastic-pollution/?sh=5846321b489f 5. https://www.earthday.org/ Download Edwin’s paper or video free at www.eworkstyle.org. economy, work & lifestyle

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Yamilett Vargas

A History of Boating in New England

Above: Yamilett working on research, right preparing her video

The history of boating in New England has changed drastically over time. Before the onset of Europeans in the Americas, three kinds of boats were commonly built and used by Native Americans. Many of today’s New England boats have drawn from features of these Native American crafts. Different tribes had different needs and therefore built different kinds of boating craft and could recognize one another’s tribe from the craftsmanship. Dugout canoes were among the most popular not only in America but also in Central America, South America and the Caribbean. Dugout canoes were hollowed out wooden logs with a pointed front and rear. There were tribes that also used special bending techniques that created unique shapes for dugout canoes to make them quicker. Central west tribes made plank boats from dugout cedar wood that had a more complex construction. While Arctic and Alaskan people made kayaks (also spelled qayaq or qayak) by stretching waterproofed seal or whale hide over a lightweight frame. Bark canoes were lightweight because they stretched tree bark over a wooden frame and were primarily used by northwest and Great Lakes tribes. Tribes in southern Florida, South America and Mexico created sailboats with a tight basket weave base and sails that is today similar to“Nantucket Basket”ware. And lastly bull boats, made by women on the east coast and in Alaska, were both round and shallow or roundish and tub-like, woven like an Asian rice basket and covered with buffalo skin – fur side out. Bull boats extremely lightweight and carried like backpacks, but their rounded shape made them difficult to navigate. However, the bull boats’sturdy

design could hold up to half a ton of weight, which was great for hunting and paddling food home. By the year of 1620, with the arrival of the Pilgrims ships were sailing the oceans, but on a smaller scale various models of dugout canoes were the primary form of transportation on the sounds, rivers, and bays in the Americas for centuries. What changed was the pilgrims’arrival and in their fight for religious freedom these early settlers fortified the Atlantic coastline with defensive forts. Over the time, New England became the home base for shipping, fishing, whaling and ship-building industries, which basically what makes New England what it is today. New England is a region of six states which are located in the northeastern part of the United States. These states include: Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Maine, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire. Jobs in the New England boating industry gave rise to immigration from Europe, Asia, Africa, and different areas of America. One migratory people arrived in New England in large numbers from the islands of Cape Verde. Cape Verde, also known as Cabo Verde, is an archipelago of 10 volcanic islands in the central Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of Africa. An estimated 350,000 people of Cape Verdean descent currently live in New England, making it home to the largest population of Cape Verdeans in America. Some of the largest concentrations of Cape Verdeans in New England reside in“Fall River, Massachusetts; Providence and Pawtucket, Rhode Island; Bridgeport and New Haven, Connecticut. Cape Verdeans, former slaves, free Blacks, Quakers, Portuguese and more held the many jobs related to boating both historically and presently most families have relations to these original sea faring folks. . . . . continued on page 53

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The work New England boating communities are known for includes: dock workers or longshoremen, stevedores, boat carpenters, technicians, captains, deck hands, fishermen and shipping products and lots more. Many famous people worked in boating, including: Paul Cuffe (1759-1772), African\Native American ship owner, merchant, and influential figure in the 19th Century ship building; and by 1838, Frederick Douglas was living in New Bedford who later found work sealing ships as a caulker; and Herman Melville who published Moby Dick in 1851. In order to preserve this proud and hard earned legacy, New Englander’s have taken it upon themselves build museums dedicated to boating history, including a several I have listed below:

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models of a series of early steamships. - The Custom House, also in New London, CT role of free Africans on the slave ship Amistad. - The Connecticut River Museum, Essex Village, CT see Native American canoes & the first American submarine. - Newport, Rhode Island, Naval War College Museum see concepts of sea power. - Newport, RI see International Yacht Restoration School and see yachting around the world. - Newport, RI the Museum of Newport History, see the Gilded Age from the 1600s through the Gilded Age. - Bristol, RI the Herreshoff Marine Museum and America’s Cup Hall of Fame

- Connecticut’s’Mystic Seaport and The Museum of America and the Sea, climb aboard historic tall ships.

- The Herreshoff Manufacturing Company see America’s first torpedo.

- The USS Nautilus and Submarine Force Museum, in Groton board the world’s first nuclear-powered submarines.

- Charlestown, Massachusetts - USS Constitution and how Old Ironsides with 200 foot masts was never defeated.

- The U.S. Coast Guard Academy, New London, Connecticut see

- Hull, MA Lifesaving Museum trace the dramatic history of organized

lifesaving. - Cambridge, MA the Hart Nautical Gallery a showcase for ocean engineering technology developed at MIT. - New Bedford, MA Whaling and National Historical Park see a 19thcentury whaling merchant’s home; Seamen’s Bethel house of prayer; the schooner Ernestina, an Arctic expeditionary vessel, an extensive collection of art, artifacts, and manuscripts from the age when sailing ships dominated merchant trade and whaling. As you can see, since the beginning of boating in America, lots of changes have occurred in New England. Boating for sustenance and survival has become sailing, fishing and yacht racing today. New Bedford’s history immersed in the whaling economy has evolved to become the largest shellfish port in the country bringing in19 million pounds annually. Sailing has grown in utility to become a world class sport. Although many fishing boats are still actively being used for work, the majority of people in New England use boating for entertainment, relaxation, tubing, water skiing, wakeboarding, . . . . continued on page 80 economy, work & lifestyle

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Tisiana Dalomba

New England: an Oceanside Region Full of Interest

Above Tisiana, right: Tisiana with GNB MassHire E.D. James Oliveira

What can you expect from a visit to the coastal New England states of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut? For starters natural beauty. Everyone has seen images of the craggy coastline where 70 rivers run into 50 lakes and mix with the Atlantic Ocean to create waters that grow the treasured lobsters of Maine. Many have heard of the blazing fall foliage and marble quarry swimming holes at the bottom of the tumbling waters of Vermont’s rock strewn mountain streams. You may have heard of the White Mountain peaks of New Hampshire’s Appalachian Trail with ski slopes, hiking trails and caves that spread toward the middle and southern states. Vacationers frequently visit the dune grasses of Cape Cod in Massachusetts and the sandy sweeps of beaches in Newport, Rhode Island. And Connecticut is known for its 38 rivers with 148 tributaries, classic town greens and many high church steeples. But you may not know of the unsung heroes of the 18th Century or the lesser known people that make New England my home. While New England has a mixed racial population that is not the most diverse in the United States; however its culture, food, customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements are rich with the multicultural mix of its ethnic history; particularly the people who work the oceans, most notably for whaling and seafood. The Cape Verdean Culture in Massachusetts is made up of sixty-five thousand people of Cape Verdean descent making it the largest ethnic community of Cape Verdeans in America with sixteen thousand in New Bedford alone. The history of Cape Verde

has emerged from a diverse melting pot of European (primarily Portuguese) colonizers and African people whose customs have been drawn together over the centuries. These days the Cape Verdean archipelago made up of ten islands of people maintains strong cultural ties to both Portugal and the African Mainland. Although, Cape Verde won full independence in 1975. For three centuries, Cape Verde struggled with periodic droughts and famine, earning itself the unfortunate name of ‘’Sahel in the sea.’’ In other words, there were times when the island could not produce enough maize, beans and trade in fish, bananas, and salt to keep its 560,000 islanders fed. This bleak economic situation, as well as a historical link to America’s 19th-century whaling industry, is what accounts for so many ethnic Cape Verdeans in the United States. Originally, Cape Verdeans signed on with passing whaling ships in the final years of the trade, taking over from American crews who realized petroleum would eliminate the need for whale oil. Steam ships also emerged on the oceans and needed somewhere to stop, providing Cape Verde with an opportunity to build some of the most significant ports in the central Atlantic Ocean. Cape Verdean seamen sailing to America ‘’stayed on in New Bedford and began working in local cotton manufacturing industries or agriculture. Cape Verdean Islanders also bought wood ships no longer used for whaling and developed a mastery in wood working as they brought their families to what was a relatively lucrative New Bedford job market until World War II.” The culture of Cape Verdean people shows up in the foods, festivals, music and customs on the South Coast of Massachusetts. Corn, rice, and beans are staples of Cape Verdean . . . . continued on page 55

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Tisiana Dalomba pt. 2

cuisine and Cachupa (Manchupa) is the archipelago’s national dish and Jag (Jagacida) is served as a traditional side. Cachupa is a slow-cooked, hearty stew made with beans, corn kernels, vegetables and fish or meat and Jag is a combination of seasoned rice and beans. A classic Cape Verdean recipe that has deep Portuguese roots is called Bacalhau, a layering of salt cod, potatoes, hard boiled eggs and onions, topped with olives, baked with olive oil and topped with parsley. Also popular are white rice, fried potatoes, cassava, whole fish and steak-fish such as tuna, octopus, lobster, crab and varied meats such as chicken, pork, beef and a wide variety of vegetables and fruits such as carrots, kale, squash and melons. Celebrations of Cape Verdean people and culture happen in the spring and summer seasons on the South Coast where people turn out by the hundreds to show pride in celebration of our forefathers’ participation in the American war campaigns on Veterans Day and American independence on Independence Day. We also celebrate our own independence as well as our religious holidays and creative celebrities. We, Cape Verdeans, are extremely proud of our heritage and enjoy sharing the food, fun and festivities in remembrance of our accomplishments. The Wampanoag Nation whose people once numbered somewhere between 30,000 to 100,000 and whose land once stretched from Southeastern Massachusetts to parts of Rhode Island are known for helping the Pilgrims survive their first thanksgiving in New England. There is much controversy around

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES the first Thanksgiving for the Wampanoag because the encounter turned into a centuries-long disaster for the Mashpee Wampanoag, who now number about 2,800 people.(1)

Of both African and Wampanoag ancestry is Paul Cuffe who was born Paul Slocum on January 17, 1759 on Cuttyhunk Island in Massachusetts. He was one of ten children born to Kofi (or Cuffee) Slocum, a freed slave and Ruth Moses, a Native American of the Wampanoag tribe. After his father’s passing, Paul took his father’s first name as his surname, he was a Pan Africanist, who was an influential figure in the 19th century movement to resettle free black Americans to Africa. Kofi was a skilled carpenter who earned enough money to gain his freedom in 1745, and who pulled together the resources to raise his family on a farm in Dartmouth, Massachusetts. Upon coming of age Cuffe went to sea, and during the American Revolution he served on a privateer and often participated in running American supplies through British blockades. In 1783, he married a Native American woman, Alice Pequit, and the couple eventually had seven children. After the end of the Revolutionary War, he became an American ship owner and merchant. Cuffe and his brother-in-law, Michael Wainer, opened a shipyard and they soon had three small ships. Cuffe would later build a number of larger vessels including the Hero and the Alpha. Paul Cuffee died September 7, 1817 in Westport, Massachusetts (U.S.A.). So when you think about a visit to New England, consider expanding your cultural experience with a visit to multicultural restaurants, museums, and art and cultural centers to try new things. References: 1) https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/11/04/ thanksgiving-anniversary-wampanoag-indians-pilgrims/ 2) https://newengland.com/ 3) https://paulcuffe.org/biography/ 4) https://www.csmonitor.com/1983/0214/021447.html 5) http://paulcuffe.org/

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Free Discussion Realms

Above: Dr. Manisha Sinha lecture on freedom from slavery

Above: Dr. Pamela Karimi lecture on the refugee crisis

America has a long history of advocacy and protests against racial discrimination and human exploitation. The most virulent of that advocacy is well documented as the country began to constitutionalize its moral fabric and define itself as a world presence. While the American Constitution was still a fluid instrument embodying the rules that made up this nation; its principles and laws where decided as the accepted powers, responsibilities and duties of city, state and national government to be backed by legal and military action. The question of the day was, “Who shall America stand for on paper and in person? “ Pushing that question hard was the Abolition Movement. As historic developments toward change that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and liberate enslaved people, the action or acts of abolishing the system, practice and institution of slavery was a grass roots fight. Within the everyday experiences of enslaved people whose lives were in the possession of others, freedom was the foremost dream. How did slaves raise their cause to freedom? Was it all about the empathy of the slave holders who chose to let them go? Was the freedom of enslaved people up to the rich and the free who fought to change the laws? This is the video topic.

“Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free.” A few words from the famous Emma Lazarus’s poem “The New Colossus.” Lazarus wrote the poem to raise money for the construction of a pedestal for the Statue of Liberty which was to enlighten the world. In 1903, the poem was cast onto a bronze plaque and mounted inside the pedestal base. Millions of men, women and children around the world, over the years have been forced to leave their countries in order to escape war, persecution and natural disasters. The first colony in America was founded at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Many of the people who settled in this “New World” came to escape religious persecution. From 260,000 settlers in 1700, America’s colonial population grew eight times to 2,150,000. In the 1800s, millions of immigrants came to America and by 1948, the US Congress enacted the first refugee legislation after more than 250,000 displaced by World War II arrived. Since 1975, the U.S. has resettled an additional 3 million refugees. Did members of your family arrive in America during any of the above migrations?

Today people are still fighting for their rights as fully constitutional human beings in the United States and around the world, often spurred on by the Black Lives Matter movement and the Women’s Movement among others. What questions do you have?

Internationally, a stateless person is not considered a national by any state (country) under its constitutional law. Today, there are about 12 million stateless people in the world. What is happening with refugees and stateless people from South America, the Ukraine & other war zones?

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Jessica Melbourne pt. 3

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before, she said that dislikes Donald Trump. Nevertheless, Trisha is interesting because even with the drama and controversies that involve her, Trisha still has her videos being monetized and her bringing in a lot of money. Trisha does draw a careful line between simple vlogs about what she ate for lunch to saying or doing something sensitive and controversial topics, which is something that few dare to try. Jessica Melbourne

Of course, you can make money from your videos by finding your own sponsor companies to pay for and put into the videos that you edit and make. There are of course, positive, negative and neutral influencers on YouTube who also push products. A few examples include the following: - A man named Charlie White, whose internet alias is “penguinz0.” He is a popular creator with almost 8 million subscribers and a total view count of over 3 billion views. One series that Charlie does on his channel is called “The Moist Meter” and his thoughts and opinions on different media subjects such as video games, movies, and tv shows. This is a series that he himself based on his personal interests and is a completely independent project. He will tell who his sponsor in his video before or after his review. An example is if he is sharing his thoughts on a movie, his sponsor might be the headphone company he used when he watched the movie. - On the other hand there is Trisha Paytas a YouTube influencer who does different subjects such as podcasts and ASMR’s (autonomous sensory meridian responses). She is most known for her vlogs (video logs). Trisha’s main YouTube channel “blndsundoll4mj” has 5 million subscribers and a total view count of almost 2 billion views. In the YouTube community, she is known for controversies that she regularly likes to bring up and stir the pot; usually with other content creators. She does this so she can always stay relevant. For example, Trisha has told her viewers she is a “Trump supporter,” however in a podcast she made with her friends weeks

- My last example is a YouTuber called Markiplier, or Mark Fischbach, a YouTube influencer who posts videos of himself playing a variety of games; most notably his game plays are with the horror genre. Mark is one of the oldest content providers and one of the most well-known content creators in the gaming community. Mark has a subscriber count of almost 29 million and a view count of over 15 billion. His most well-known sponsorship is of himself collaborating with a mobile game called “AFK Arena”, where his persona is put into the game as an NPC (nonplayable character). Although as a NPC, he does not play the game, Mark’s sponsorship with this game falls in line both as an advertiser and as a gaming creator for his audiences. In summary, whether or not you use social media, it s presence and influence is something that has changed the way our society behaves. Social media has changed how we interact with others in our peer groups, with family and friends. Social media has also changed how we connect to others worldwide. With the help of social media, we have gone from traveling hours, days and weeks to meet friends and family - to going online and meeting within seconds. We can only begin to fantasize how social media will evolve over the next 10 years, because our world is presently and constantly changing and adapting to new and emerging technologies. For now, we everyday individuals will just have to keep doing what we do best - that is living our lives to the fullest. For more download Jessica’s paper at Eworkstyle Publications, available free at www.eworkstyle.org. economy, work & lifestyle

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ination with the first hybrid mobile/home video console called the “Switch” for the smartphone and the tablet allowing players to take the game anywhere they go. THE VIDEO GAME INDUSTRY WORLDWIDE From the pinball games of the 1930’s to the digital electronic games of 2020, there has been a 90+ year evolution in the development of gaming. By 2014, international video game revenue was estimated to be $81.5 billion dollars. That figure is more than double the revenue of the international film industry in 2013. (16) In 2015, the international video game industry revenue was estimated at $91.5 billion. Globally, the largest nations by estimated video game revenues in 2016, were China ($24.4B), the United States ($23.5B) and Japan ($12.4B). In 2018, the global video game market was valued at around $134.9 billion dollars. By 2019, U.S. vid-eo game sales reached a record-breaking $43.4 billion that includes $6.4 billion in hardware and $30.4 billion software; the balance in publishing and promotions. These figures show the video game industry is now a global economic sector; involved in the development, marketing, and monetization of video games around the world. Today, the United States, which represents about a third of the global video game market, has been estimated by the Entertainment Software Association to have over 2,300 development companies and over 525 publishing companies (including hardware and software manufacturing, service providers, and distributors). These companies in total have nearly 66,000 directly employed workers. When including indirect employment, such as developers using the services of graphic design packages from different firms, the total number of employees involved in this industry encompasses a wide array of job disciplines. From game design and technology development that employs artists, engineers, and its component parts (including publishing, marketing and advertising), the number

Sarik Ramos pt. 3 exceeds more than 220,000 people in the US alone. TRENDS According to Wikipedia;(14) Players are becoming fourth-party developers by playing in groups, finding flaws, selecting preferences and not using other preferences. Because computer and gaming technology report players use back to game developers, such play allows for an almost automated by trend preference evolution in gaming. New models and updates are based on player preferences, making the games more desirable. Such use also creates more “open source” (a type of player-designed free code) model of game design, development and engineering. In other words, players create modifications which in some cases become just as popular as the original game for which they were created. Players that modify games (game modifiers) have become communities of modifiers whose pride is in their coding. Game modifiers are approximately one percent of any particular game’s user base. Game modifiers are creating a followers’ trend in gaming by forcing companies to keep overall audience interest in modifying opportunities (such as releasing source code). When source code is released, the video user base swells. According to Ben Sawyer,(20) as many as 600,000 established online game community developers existed in 2012. This effectively added a new component to the game industry value chain and if it continues to mature, it will integrate itself into the overall industry. The industry has also seen a shift towards games with multiplayer facilities. A larger percentage of games on all types of platforms include some type of competitive online multiplayer capability. In addition, the industry is experiencing further significant change driven by online meetings of players in games, with technology comfort and player engagement being the two primary reasons for this wave. Further, video games and related content can now be accessed and played on a variety of media, including cable television, dedicated consoles, handheld devices and smartphones, through social . . . . continued on page 59

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Sarik Ramos pt. 4 net-working sites or through an ISP, through a game developer’s website, and online through a game con-sole and/or home or office personal computer. Currently, 12% of U.S. households already make regular use of game consoles for accessing video con-tent provided by online services such as Hulu and Netflix. In 2012, multiplayer game Xbox users spent more time with online video, music services and applications than playing single player games. This type of overall game utilization is causing the distinction between the video game console and the personal computer to disappear. Today, a game console with high-speed microprocessors attached to a television set is, basically, a computer and monitor. By 2020, there were 174 million Americans between the ages of 5 and 44; who will have grown up with PlayStations, Xboxes, and GameCubes from their early childhood and teenage years. What this means is that the average gamer will be both older and, given their lifetime familiarity with playing interactive games, more sophisticated and discriminating about the games they play. So, as the distinction between computers and gaming technologies becomes more and more diminished, players’ willingness to play and access content on different platforms has increased.18 Trends show that 92% of all smartphone and tablet owners play games at least once a week, and 45% play daily. What this shows is evidence of increasing willingness to play video games across a variety of media and casual gaming platforms such as: smartphones, tablets, and social networking sites. Industry growth estimates show Apple with a 1,400% growth via 90,000 game apps since it went online. In addition, mobile device game revenues for iOS (2.2 million apps) and Android (2.7 million apps) now exceed $19 billion, more than that of both Nintendo and Sony hand-held video game systems combined.19 My interest in the business of gaming is in research and development in gaming. A video game developer combines research and development to assist

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the software developer that specializes in video game product development – the process and related disciplines of creating video games. A game developer can range from one person who undertakes all tasks to a large business with employee responsibilities split between individual disciplines, such as programming, design, art, testing, etc. Most game development companies have video game publisher, financial, and usually marketing support. Self-funded developers are known as independent or indie developers and usually make indie games. The different style of gaming that impacted my life growing up, and the reason it impacted me, were the characters, technologies, and personal experiences. One of the styles that impacted me was watching my parents play video games when I was younger. Another style was me physically playing starting off with a controller, the first system I played was the Nintendo GameCube and the PlayStation 2. After that I started to play different types of games like touchscreen games such as Nintendo DS, and the Nintendo Switch, computer games , and mobile games on my phone. THE PROS AND CONS OF GAMING PROS IN GAMING: Aside from the fun of it, there are a number of pros to be had by participating in gaming. All games require decision making and the act and practice of decision making gives us a more fertile and active mental capacity. When a player plays a game, they get limited time to beat the stage, so the player would react fast to choose the right path. When players are completely focused, they give full attention and can adapt habits such as focus and attention to other areas in their life. Playing video games may also be linked to some improvements in visual ability, which can be crucial for reading or driving. According to research, many video games enhance brain flexibility because some games require constant thinking and player input and playing such games can improve ability of learning. Such activities help with mental vibrancy and focus that also relates to issues, decisions and challenges . . . . continued on page 60 economy, work & lifestyle

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in life. Having quick and facile reactions as you grow up is a definite asset to living in today’s competitive college and career lifestyle in that your ability to react to overcome confusing situations is vital. GAMING DISORDER: With any industry that grows this fast, there are cons and pros in gaming – particularly how people who play insatiably are mentally and physically affected by gaming. The World Health Organization (WHO)(21) recommends gamers become more aware of their time by engaging in this popular activity. Psychological research has shown that a greater awareness of signs and symptoms of gaming as compared to daily activities required to live well, should be managed to avoid “Gaming Disorder.” That means measuring time with physical and mental well-being, self-care, work, chores and social relationships is encouraged. The WHO criteria require that the behavioral pattern of the gamer must be of sufficient severity that major and noticeable impairment and deterioration in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning is present over a minimum of 12 months. The overall goal is to explore gaming disorder prevention methods including education, intra- and interpersonal counseling, the role of family and lifestyle modification. ADDICTION: The activity and excitement of playing games releases dopamine into our systems, which gives a feeling of pleasure, telling our brain to do it again. Known addictions include impulsiveness and materialism - preoccupation with material objects as opposed intellectual, spiritual, and cultural values. Addiction becomes clear with obsessive use of a smartphone and has been compared to that of credit card debt and compulsive buying. There has been so much research in this area that there is now a name for people who have a fear of losing their phones – “nomophobia.” RELATIONSHIPS: Young people tend to develop social media addiction when they have stronger and more impactful online relationships than those in real-time or in person. Social media addiction can

Sarik Ramos pt. 5 have a number of harmful effects such as impaired self-esteem, impaired work performance, interpersonal conflicts and a lessening ability to communicate face-to-face in real time. Because of the widespread accessibility of cell phones at a young age, teenagers are prone to developing an addiction to cell phones as well as an addition to social media. PHYSCIAL HEALTH: Multiple physical health disorders have been found to be associated with persistent, long-term video game activity. The health problems most cited include visual impairment, muscular-skeletal deterioration, and obesity from lack of physical activity, as well as epileptic seizures from the intermittent bursts of light which affect those who have epilepsy. MENTAL HEALTH: Addiction that leads to disinterest in other activities like going outside, talking to people, reading a book, can occur. Depression can also happen when youths play video games - the frequency with which they play can interfere with concentration, motivation, and other aspects of everyday function. If persistent gamers experience depression or anxiety, or personal care deterioration, it is recommended that they seek advisement from medical and/or behavioral health professionals. VIOLENCE: By the time the average teen is out of high school, they have experienced more than 22,000 hours with violence from TV, games and movies compared to 11,000 hours of classroom time. In other words, the recall and response library in the average youth gamer is directly related to their experiences, as will be their responses. When exploring the possibility and prevention of gaming disorder – the individual’s sense of reality and response to every-day situations is key to violence prevention. Violence prevention methods can include interpersonal communication, gaming lifestyle education, intra- and interpersonal counseling, the role of family and lifestyle modification. SLEEP & THE BRAIN: The role sleep plays in our overall health is beyond measure. On average . . . . continued on page 61

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Sarik Ramos pt. 6 individuals should receive between 7 and 10 hours of sleep per night depending on their age. Insomnia can come from playing games after 9:00 pm for a child, which may distract their mind’s biorhythm and cause them to suffer sleeping problems. According to the Mayo Clinic, insomnia is described as difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, even when a person has the chance to do so. Most cases of insomnia are related to poor sleep habits, depression, anxiety, lack of exercise, chronic illness, or certain medications. Insomnia symptoms may include difficulty falling or staying asleep and not feeling well-rested. Treatment for insomnia consists of improving sleep habits, behavior therapy, and identifying and treating underlying causes. Chronic insomnia is disrupted sleep that occurs at least three nights per week and lasts at least three months. If you or a child has insomnia consult your physician for practical solutions.

FROM PLACE BASED TO WEB BASED INSTRUCTION MIXED MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS SHOWCASES 3. Paramountind.com What are the Pros and Cons of Playing Video Games 4. Psychologytoday.com Benefits of Play Revealed in Research on Video Gaming 5. Wikipedia.org: Arcade Games 6. 1853 World’s Fair Poster (http://www.cooperhewitt. org_ posted by Nicholas Lopes 9/29/2016 7. APS.org: Physicist William Higinbotham invented the first video tennis game – similar to the 1970’s classic Pong. 8. Alistdaily.com How Different Generations Play Video Games, From Platforms to Genres 9. Infoplease.com/spot/timeline-video/games 10. Museum of Play.org 11. addictionexpert.com 12. psychguides.com Cell phones Addiction

SOLUTIONS: The best solution to any gaming disorder is to shut off the game after two hours every day, so it can cool down and players should focus on something else. Gamers should also consider playing games one or two days per week rather than every day. Players should build in restrictions on how much time is for gaming, like a movie or a TV show so they have time to build in quality of off-line life. Persistent gamers should seek live conversations with people face-to-face, outside of the game in order to keep up interpersonal skills. Having planned routines is important, so the person who enjoys gaming gets the more important things done before they go to gaming. And finally, when issues arise try therapy, which is essential to overcoming gaming addictions. Therapy can help restore self-confidence and allow the addict to move past whatever was holding them back from normal life patterns.

13. www.theesa.com gaming industry reports

Sources

21. World Health Organization (WHO) materials on gaming disorder.

1. Wikipedia: History of gaming (Mesopotamia and Mediterranean world)

14. Wikipedia.org Generation Age Descriptions: 15. “Top 100 Countries by Game Revenue”. newzoo.com. newzoo. January 2017. 16. “Percentage of GBO of all films feature exhibited that are national”. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved November 1, 2013. 17. University, Stanley J. Baran, Bryant (2014). Introduction to Mass Communication : Media Literacy and Culture (Eighth Edition. ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 220–221. ISBN 978-0-07-352621-8. 18. University, Stanley J. Baran, Bryant (2014). Introduction to Mass Communication : Media Literacy and Culture (Eighth Edition. ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-07-352621-8. 19. www.digitaltrends.com 20. Ben Sawyer is the co-founder of game-consulting firm Digitalmill and one of the pioneers in the field of Games for Health.

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2. Medium.com Pros and Cons of Playing Video Game economy, work & lifestyle

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get a positive response from others). It all starts from what we learn from our parents and the people closest to us as children. Combining healthy mindset habits and healthy physical habits will help you to live your life to your highest potential. If these skills were not taught to us as children we can make the decision to begin developing ourselves in order to build resilience. And if we have been through any adverse childhood experiences which we have not been able to process by ourselves, we should seek professional support. There are many skills that need to be acquired in order for us to be able to manage our lives. Knowledge is power! We need to know communication and social skills. There are also personality traits such as empathy, charisma, and respect we need to better understand. CNN cites procrastination at the top of its list of bad work habits. An employee who rushes through assignments or waits until the last minute to complete them often turns in lower quality work, as well as running the risk of missing a deadline. We need an amazing work ethic. Good attendance and punctuality are two important pieces of a good work ethic, as well as discipline. Personality plays a very important role, as does ensuring a person (self-included) is culturally a good fit for an organization. These traits are most often ingrained in people from an early age, during their upbringing. Said traits can be achieved through the simple modeling such as examples of parents’ hard work, ambition and commitment. Busy lifestyles in families today unfortunately cause parents to perform tasks themselves rather than requiring kids to take on responsibilities at home. Some schools are beginning to take on the job of attempting to teach ethics because they have come to understand it is often not taught at home. In addition, the business community has finally convinced the educational system to prepare children to be adults by teaching work ethics, including taking on jobs that have a future. When employees meet the needed qualifications, experiences and work ethics, businesses find it is critical to retain these employees and treat them well to improve retention and produce outstanding results.

Ariadna Contreras-Roig pt. 3 Employees can be trained on products and services, but traits like integrity, resilience, good personality, confidence and good work ethic are inherent in each individual. Ten major skills to consider as a student or an employee include: attendance, character, teamwork, appearance, attitude, productivity, organizational skills, communication skills, cooperation, and respect. To regain confidence, Dr. Phil suggests you pick apart your strongest qualities and your weak ones. Then, embrace your strong points and accept that hiding the truth takes up a lot of energy. Have empathy for yourself as much as you should for other people. According to Dr. Phil, “The mere fact that we understand who we are, for better or for worse, has been found to improve self-esteem. Though it’s in our nature to self-criticize, we also sometimes lie to ourselves about our talents, the real price of certain less-than-ideal aspects of our lives, and our true character traits. Facing our flaws means looking at patterns in our lives. Are we often accused of stubbornness, indecision, or being hottempered? Do we end up in the same old conflicts with partners, friends, or coworkers?” Figure out how you are contributing to those situations, and you’ll likely identify what traits you need to address. It can be emotionally, spiritually, and even physically taxing to convince yourself an issue doesn’t exist or will resolve itself on its own. Think back to when you were a kid playing in a swimming pool and you tried to hold a beach ball underwater. You’d get worn out pushing the ball down as its buoyancy forced it to the surface. Likewise, any imperfection we try to hide whether it’s a character flaw or a part of our past we’d rather not acknowledge, it will most likely pop up again. Confidence takes commitment - you can’t spend 50 percent of your time projecting your best assets and fifty percent obscuring the truth and still expect to strengthen your self-esteem. Being able to receive constructive, positive feedback can help counteract negative thoughts and build confidence. Besides, if you respect someone enough to take their criticism . . . . continued on page 63

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Ariadna Contreras-Roig pt. 4 to heart, it’s only fair to also accept their praise. If you can’t stop yourself from brushing off compliments, practice saying this in front of your bathroom mirror: “Thanks, I appreciate your saying that. I worked really hard, and the fact that you noticed means a lot.” Dr. Phil also ensures us that, “A surefire way to derail personal confidence is when you don’t know where you’re going, because it’s easy to question yourself and what lies ahead.” He continued, “Most of us are linear thinkers; we travel from A to Z, taking comfort that if we’re standing on corner C, we can see D ahead and know that E is just up the road. The human psyche likes to have a map, and we often get emotionally lost if we don’t have one. Whatever your objective, you must define it, create a plan for achieving it, and set up a timeline for its completion in small, measurable steps. Charting these achievements can boost self-esteem as much as attaining your ultimate goal, because, a success is a success, and the more of them you have, the more favorably you’re likely to view yourself. “ When you take deliberate measures toward a goal, you’ll have the fortitude to think and do big. Taking reasonable risks sets us up for success, not just once but repeatedly. No matter the outcome (maybe a meal didn’t turn out as expected), the attempt itself represents an accomplishment that can be built upon. That is because, next time you’ll aim even higher, think even bigger and before long, making bold moves will start to feel like second nature. We set out on adventures as children not only to express our independence but also to understand our capabilities. We have the opportunity to take a similar approach as adults. The only person you control is you. By reaching, stretching, and trying new things, you’ll expand your life experiences and, in turn, your confidence. Having a passionate group of supporters fosters a sense of belonging, which can translate to a feeling of security - something that also helps us build confidence. I’m not saying you can’t be self-assured if you usually think of yourself as a lone ranger. But there is often strength in numbers, and identifying the right people to root

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for you can make a big difference in the way you approach challenges. Athletes competing in highpressure situations gain a confidence boost from being cheered on by their peers; it can literally help propel them to victory, according to researchers. It is important for you to feel just as encouraged as you go through life. But finding the right allies is a little like picking out a perfect mate. Sometimes you can spot a keeper right away; most of the time, you stumble upon one through trial and error. To focus your search, consider these questions when you meet someone new: “Do I feel a real connection to this person?” “Am I comfortable opening up to them?” “Have they ever said anything that would make me doubt myself?” Once you find your fans, remember yours isn’t a one-sided relationship: just as your cheerleaders champion you, you should be inspired and required to return the favor. The answers are found by looking into yourself and improving and growing an endless journey to become the best version you. References: 1. Kids Mental Health: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/ 2. Mental health: https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/ publications/how-to-mental-health 3. David Wong – Qi Life Mastery: https://www.youtube. com/channel/UCEVmJqk64ikXhNpJpLr0azA 4. How childhood trauma affects health across a lifetime | Nadine Burke Harris: https://www.youtube.com/ 5. Dr. Nadine Burke Harris: Healing the Long-Term Effects of Childhood Adversity https://www.youtube.com/ 6. National Pediatric Practice Community on Adverse Childhood Experiences: https://nppcaces.org/ 7. Ways to Build Resilience: https://wellmd. stanford.edu/content/dam/sm/wellmd/documents/10-ways-to-build-resilience.pdf 8. Emotional Intelligence: What It Means for Kids: https:// www.understood.org/en/friends-feelings/empowering-your-child/ 9. Dr. Phil: 6 Steps to Self-Assurance: http://www.oprah. com/spirit/dr-phils-advice-for-believing-in-yourself/ 10. Emotional Intelligence: What It Means for Kids: https://www.understood.org/en/friends-feelings/ Download Ariadna’s paper & video free at eworkstyle.org economy, work & lifestyle

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Missouri and General David Hunter in South Carolina issued proclamations that emancipated slaves in their military regions and permitted them to enlist, their superiors sternly revoked their orders. By mid-1862, however, the escalating number of former slaves, the declining number of white volunteers, and the increasingly pressing personnel needs of the Union Army pushed the Government into reconsidering the enlistment of slaves. As a result, on July 17, 1862, Congress passed the Second Confiscation and Militia Act, freeing slaves who had masters in the Confederate Army. Two days later, slavery was abolished in the territories of the United States, and on July 22, President Lincoln presented the preliminary draft of the Emancipation Proclamation to his Cabinet. Further, once the Union Army turned back General Lee’s first invasion of the North at Antietam, MD, followed by the announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation, black recruitment was pursued in earnest. Volunteers from South Carolina, Tennessee, and Massachusetts filled the first authorized black regiments. However, recruitment was slow until black leaders such as Frederick Douglass encouraged black men to become soldiers to ensure eventual full citizenship. Two of Douglass’own sons contributed to the war effort. Volunteers again began to respond and in May 1863, the government established the Bureau of Colored Troops to manage the burgeoning numbers of black soldiers. By the end of the Civil War, roughly 179,000 black men served in the army and another 19,000 served in the Navy. Nearly 40,000 black soldiers died over the course of the war -30,000 of infection or disease. Black soldiers served in artillery and infantry and performed all non-combat support functions that sustained the army as well. Black carpenters, chaplains, cooks, guards, laborers, nurses, scouts, spies, steamboat pilots, surgeons, and teamsters also contributed to the war cause. There were nearly 80 black commissioned officers. Black women, who could not formally join the army, nonetheless served as nurses, spies, and

Savon Baptista pt. 3 scouts, the most famous being Harriet Tubman, who scouted for the 2d South Carolina Volunteers. Because of prejudice against them, black units were not used in combat as extensively as they might have been. Nevertheless, the soldiers served with distinction in a number of battles. Black infantrymen fought gallantly at Milliken’s Bend, LA; Port Hudson, LA; Petersburg, VA; and Nashville, TN. The July 1863, assault on Fort Wagner, SC in which the 54th Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers lost two-thirds of their officers and half of their troops, was memorably dramatized in the film“Glory.” By war’s end, 16 black soldiers had been awarded the Medal of Honor for their valor. The black troops, however, faced greater peril than white troops when captured by the Confederate Army. In 1863, the Confederate Congress threatened to severely punish officers of black troops and to enslave black soldiers. As a result, President Lincoln issued General Order 233, threatening reprisal on Confederate prisoners of war (POWs) for any mistreatment of black troops. Although the threat generally restrained the Confederates, black captives were typically treated more harshly than white captives. In perhaps the most heinous known example of abuse, Confederate soldiers shot to death black Union soldiers captured at the Fort Pillow, TN engagement of 1864. Confederate General Nathan B. Forrest witnessed the massacre and did nothing to stop it. World War 1 - World War I (WWI), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Recognizing the significance of WWI, is essential to developing a full understanding of modern African-American history and the struggle for black freedom. Contemporaneously described as “the war to end all wars”, it led to the mobilization of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatants and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the . . . . continued on page 65

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Savon Baptista pt. 4

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war, while resulting genocides and the 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.

Black southerners faced a host of social, economic, and political challenges that prompted their migration to the north. The majority of black farmers labored as sharecroppers, remained in perpetual debt and lived in dire poverty. Their condition worsened in 1915–16 as a result of a boll weevil infestation that ruined cotton crops throughout the South. These economic obstacles were made worse by social and political oppression. By the time of the war, most black people had been disenfranchised and effectively stripped of their right to vote through both legal and extralegal means.

World War I was a transformative moment in African-American history. What began as a seemingly distant European conflict soon became an event with revolutionary implications for the social, economic, and political future of black people. The war directly impacted all African Americans, male and female, northerner and southerner, soldier and civilian. Migration, military service, racial violence, and political protest combined to make these war years one of the most dynamic periods of the African-American experience. Black people contested the boundaries of American democracy, demanded their rights as American citizens and asserted their very humanity in ways both subtle and dramatic. When war erupted in Europe in August 1914, most Americans, blacks included, saw no reason for the United States to become involved. This sentiment strengthened as war between the German-led Central Powers and the allied nations of France, Great Britain and Russia ground to a stalemate whereby the death toll increased dramatically. The black press sided with France, because of its purported commitment to racial equality, and chronicled the exploits of colonial African soldiers serving in the French army. Nevertheless, African Americans viewed the bloodshed and destruction occurring overseas as far removed from the immediacies of their everyday lives. But as you’ve seen, WWI did have a significant impact on African Americans, particularly the majority who lived in the South. The Great Migration - The war years coincided with the Great Migration, one of the largest internal movements of people in American history. Between 1914 and 1920, roughly 500,000 black southerners packed their bags and headed to the north, fundamentally transforming the social, cultural, and political landscape of cities such as Chicago, New York, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, and Detroit. The Great Migration would reshape black America and the nation as a whole.

World War 2 -World War II (WWII) was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of war. African-Americans recognized the paradox of fighting a world war for the four freedoms (Freedom of speech • Freedom of worship • Freedom from want • Freedom from fear), while being subjected to prejudicial practices in the United States. Thus, as the war unfolded, blacks vehemently insisted on the privileges of full citizenship. African Americans were ready to work and fight for their country, but at the same time they demanded an end to the discrimination against them. Over 2.5 million African-Americans men were drafted into the military and African-American women volunteered in large numbers. While serving in the Army, Army Air Forces, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, blacks experienced discrimination and segregation but met the challenge and persevered. More than 67,000 served in the Navy, initially as mess attendants and cooks. As such, many times they were also assigned duties as gun crews. In 1942, general service was opened for . . . . continued on page 71 economy, work & lifestyle

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States nuclear energy accounts for 20% of electricity generation and coal accounts for a whopping 50% of all electrical energy produced in the United States. As stated earlier, burning fossil fuels is extremely bad for our planet so the fact that 50% of all energy in the United States is sourced from coal is not good at all. But the alternatives I mentioned earler also includes hydroelectric, which is really efficient and uses water. There are also two other sources of energy that are being widely invested in, which could really help shape this country for future generations; wind and solar. This is where I see everything starts to hold great promise and why I made my main topic the blue and green economies. Wind and solar are both apart of the green economy but you may ask yourself, what is the green economy? The green economy defined by the United Nations Institute of Training and Research as an economy “that results in improved human well-being and social equity while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcity.”The green economy has six sectors: renewable energy, green buildings, sustainable transportation, water management, waste management and land management. Every one of these sectors is very complex and it would take a whole book to explain each thoroughly. However, for the sake of brevity I’m going to outline the renewable energies I talked about earlier with a focus on wind. According to Suzanne Tegen, Assistant Director at the Center for the New Energy Economy and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), it is estimate that by 2030, there will be over 95,000 jobs in the wind energy field. They also predict that by the year 2050 there will be an increase to over 150,000 jobs in wind energy. According to a survey conducted by NREL where 46,000 workers were polled, 25% were wind technicians and 18% were engineers. There are also lots of benefits for towns and cities to switch to renewable wind energy. The first and most obvious is job creation. An average work site for a 100MW wind turbine will create 60-80

Tylor Felix pt. 3 construction jobs and 5-7 operation and maintenance jobs. There are also benefits to property tax, whereby local governments can expect to generate $500,000-$1,000,000+ in taxes for an integrated city or town. The trickle down effects are also tremendous - from renewable energies because of the stimulation of multiple local industries such as concrete production, developing and maintaining roads, environmental siting, and even the related legal industries. In some cases the blue economy will also stimulate local manufacturing. The only downfall is, getting everything set up to run. Because of that window, right now it is currently a little cheaper to continue using fossil fuels, but I see that changing rather rapidly. According to The Wind Vision Report done by The National Renewable Energy Laboratory, by 2050 Wind Energy will be a viable, more reliable, and cheaper than fossil fuels in all 50 states. Wind Energy in the long term will also save consumers money. Due to most wind energy companies signing twenty-year fixed pricing deals. For residents wind energy can mean no more random price spikes on gas or electric bills. This will save U.S. consumers an estimated $280 billion by the year 2050. Now that we see the prospects for saving our atmosphere, let’s have a look at our long history of working with our oceans. The United States did not know enough to regulate fisheries or enforce catch limits until 1976. Therefore, commercial whaling in the U.S.A. was not banned until 1986. Further, the United States did not move to ban dumping trash, municipal sewage sludge, and industrial waste into the ocean until 1988. Similarly, that law was not enforced until 1991, that’s only 29 years ago! What is troubling is, as far back as 1871, the U.S. Congress expressed concerns that the lack of regulation in fishing and waste dumping in our oceans can potentially be very detrimental to the health and wellbeing of our planet Earth. However, due to corrupt and\or incompetent politicians and big industries with nefarious intentions, it was not until the 1970’s that our country as a whole even consid. . . . continued on page 67

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Tylor Felix pt. 4 ered trying to save the planet for future generations. What is even more difficult to believe, is that it was not until the 1990’s, that the United States starting actually taking massive steps towards preserving our oceans. This is where the blue economy gets its definition. According to the World Bank Group, a blue economy is the “sustainable use of ocean resources for jobs, economic growth, and improved livelihood while preserving health of the ocean ecosystem.” There are many different sectors in the blue economy some of the sectors are fisheries, aquaculture, coastal/maritime tourism, desalination (freshwater generation), maritime transport, and water treatment. As with the green economy every one of these sectors are vast, so I’m just going to just focus on a sector I’m very interested in and a field that I want to have a career in. Clean water and drinking water treatment. Water treatment is an essential part to modern society, without water the economy would literally shut down. Clean drinking water is something we take for granted in the developed world. We pay no mind that you can just turn on your tap and clean water comes out that you can drink. We take for granted the fact we can go to the store and buy water and not only that but it is not expensive. At a local supermarket here in New Bedford you can buy 1 gallon of store brand water for 50 cents. There are many places in this world that do not have this luxury. According to the World Health Organization 3.4 million people die each year as a result of water related diseases. This statistic makes poor quality water the leading cause of disease and death around the world. The worst part is that these diseases are caused by pathogens that can easily be filtered out of the water using basic water treatment methods. I personally want to get involved in water treatment for this very reason. Water is an essential part of life and in some aspects even more important than food. An average person can survive over 2 weeks without food. Ghandi went on a hunger strike for 21 days with no lasting damage

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to his body. However, the average person cannot go 4 days without drinking water or they can potentially die from dehydration. I believe that water treatment is a job I can do where I know my actions will be affecting tens of thousands of people and potentially millions of lives without them even knowing it. Careers in water treatment don’t require a degree, but they do require a specialized certificate. The average salary of a water treatment plant operator is over $40,000 according to recruiter.com, and in the state of Massachusetts internships start at $20-22 per hour. I can’t think of a better way to contribute to the betterment of humanity. Fossil Fuel https://www.britannica.com/science/fossil-fuel Why we use fossil fuels https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pros-andcons-of-fossil-fuels.php Tesla https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Model_S NASA https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/ Pollution Deaths https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2014/ air-pollution/en/ Blue Economy World Bank Group https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/infographic/2017/06/06/blue-economy Green Economy United Nations https://www.unitar.org/sites/default/files/uploads/egp/ Section1/PDFs/1.3%20Definitions%20for%20Green%20 Economy.pdf WWF https://www.worldwildlife.org/stories/ocean-assets-valued-at-24-trillion-but-dwindling-fast Blue Economy Stats https://thecommonwealth.org/blue-economy Green Economy Stats https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-15/ america-s-green-economy-is-now-worth-1-4-trillion World Bank Group https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/environment/brief/ the-world-banks-blue-economy-program-and-probluefrequently-asked-questions Blue Economy Future https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/16/us-green-economygenerates-1point3-trillion-and-employs-millions-newstudy-finds.html Download Tylor’s video & paper free at eworkstyle.org. economy, work & lifestyle

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talk about the situation because others would judge them if they lost control of their manhood by saying they were sexually abused by a female. (16)(17)

Kayla Mercado pt. 3

As I try to understand more of his side, I get it. Men love power and the society we live in was created so men have to be the bread winner. Men are raised to be strong and for conquest, while women are raised to be protected and to stay at home. While it is scientifically true that because of testosterone, men are built to overpower women (19), I have to ask, how much of what we understand about men and women in society is actually true?

That means we can have emotions that are not in sync with cultural ideas and strengths that are different from what is culturally expected. However we are all human beings and we all want to live quality lives. We all have different bodies, different morals and different perspectives and yet we are simply human beings who do positive and negative things. For instance women wanting to feel strong will belittle men just the way men belittle women and both are selfish and uncaring regardless. But is it the need to feel powerful that makes a person behave that way?

For instance, Lara Stemple, director of UCLA’s Health and Human Rights Law project came upon a statistic that shows 30% of sexual abuse victims were men, which she said was much higher than previous surveys, so she dug deeper and found in 2010 that “79.2 percent of men reported female perpetrators.”(18)”

In 1970, Dutch psychologist Dr. Mauk Mulder said, “ask managers and CEO’s whether they are interested in power and they will deny it. Dr. Mulder tried to understand what drove men to seek top positions. According to Mulder, many men hide behind God by saying they are merely doing “God’s work.” (20) (21) (22)

Way too many people don’t like to own up to their wrongs and won’t tell the full story of what happened so they only tell their side without the full truth. You can’t base what one person says as the truth unless you’ve experienced or witnessed the incident yourself. Too many men and women don’t understand each other and instead of trying to come to common ground they leave a disagreement with tension and animosity.

Dr. Frans deWaal, is a renowned biologist and primatologist interested in human psychology. He is known for his work on the behavior and social intelligence of primates and has compared the behaviors in men to that of animals, specifically the chimpanzee one of our closest DNA relatives.. Dr. deWaal found that males in the animal species openly strove to become the alpha male which is the dominant male who shows their behavior as socially aggressive, with hyper-emphasis on physical strength, aggression, and sexuality. He found that young males of two or three years old will spend time together in front of the alpha male who then selects one to be groomed as an alpha and thus breaks off any and all contact with young males in a divide-and-groom strategy. This general behavior holds true for alpha females as well. Such behavior is very similar to the divide-and-groom to rule behavior of humans adapting alpha animal behaviors today. The human boss will ask those working under them why they talk with this or that person like there is something wrong. The male or female boss may see coalitions forming that are alliances or

Girls and women are taught in real life and in movies that men are the protectors. So boys grow up with a thirst for wanting to have a power over women as protectors. Men have their own struggles around their place and in the order of society. For the longest time, men have been trained as hunters, fighters, protectors and leaders in society. Because of that many who abuse that power fight in a way that can harm women whom they feel are too strong for their own good, just so these men can feel superior.. What people fail to realize is we are all human with different strengths and weaknesses that are not necessarily defined as male or female in our cultures.

. . . . continued on page 69 68

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Kayla Mercado pt. 4 combined actions, which mean a potential threat to their leadership. Such behaviors also known as human power games are the equivalent of alpha chimpanzee behaviors. We’ve all evolved from animals but that makes us unique as a species and the human part of our adaptation is our ability to control ourselves, our morality and our consciousness. Dr. deWaal demonstrated what he called the best show of how much power can mean to men by comparing U.S. President Nixon’s reaction to impeachment during his final days in office as an example of typical alpha male behavior. “Between his sobs Nixon was plaintive, how had a simple burglary done all this? Nixon got down on his knees, leaned over and struck his fist on the carpet crying, “What have I done? What has happened?” Dr. deWaal stated, “this loss of power behavior was similar to the chimpanzee when the oldest male in is danger of losing his title to another male he drops out of the tree in the middle of the confrontation, squirms on the ground and starts screaming. The human male is a hierarchical animal that arranges himself by order of rank. Whether we like it or not, whenever we get together: in the military, the church, secret societies, etc. - men quickly arrange themselves vertically. I would go even further to say that without such arrangement, men are miserable.” Ironically this observation of males comes from a male. For me this means that in today’s world where women are gaining ground fighting for equal rights, equal pay, equal jobs and other rights in society, women winning larger steps has thrown men off. With the balance of power once being all male now shifting to more equality, men are feeling threatened and don’t know where their alpha base is anymore and this makes some men miserable about the social order of power. I also think that when one exerts power over another they try to put their misery on those people to downgrade them in any way possible in order to maintain a sense of

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social order even though it isn’t real. Whatever the reason human beings behave the way we do, we are all one species. Science actually shows that a male is initially born female and he makes the transition to male in his mother’s womb. Perhaps knowing this will help men respect women more. Regardless, I believe that we all have the same need for security and equality. Let’s now get back to women with some examples of women in power. I’m using the following examples because women are rarely mentioned in our nation’s history lessons. Have you ever heard the saying, “Behind every great man is a great woman?” Albert Einstein’s wife Mrs. Mileva Maric Einstein was also a psychologist, and here is evidence she contributed greatly to her husband’s scientific breakthroughs. Even though Mileva was never specifically mentioned in Albert’s work, there are forty-three letters written from the time they met in 1886 until 1914. The letters show Mrs. Einstein’s parents were very well respected. Her father received rights from the minister of education to send is daughter to attend physics lectures reserved for boys. Albert and Mileva were admitted to the physics-mathematics section of the Polytechnic Institute in Zurich (now ETH) and they were inseparable, constantly studying together. Ten of the remaining letters show Mileva helped Albert channel his energy and guide his studies. Albert wrote to Mileva, “I find the work we do together very good, healing and also easier. I miss having you nearby to kindly keep me in check and prevent me from meandering.“ Albert and Mileva had similar grades 4.7 and 4.6, except physics where she got the top mark 5 and he got only 1. Mileva excelled and Albert did not, but at the oral exam the professor gave 11 out of 12 points to the four male students and only 5 to Mileva. (24) Of course it seems obvious that this was because she was female, at an all-male school. According to Peter Michelmore, one of his biographers, only . . . . continued on page 70 economy, work & lifestyle

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Albert received his degree. “Until 1905, Albert struggled but he had Mileva by his side to help him. After having spent five weeks to complete an article on all he had learned, Albert went to bed for two weeks. Mileva checked the article again and again and then mailed it. Overworked they went to see family and friends whose testimonies provided information on how they collaborated together. (25) One of the most inspiring women that lived in the United States was Sarah Breedlove also known as Madam C..J. Walker. (26) Sara Breedlove’s parents and her older siblings were enslaved. However Sarah was the first child in her family born into freedom after the Emancipation Proclamation. Walker was a self-made African American woman who became an entrepreneur, philanthropist, a political and social activist and one of the wealthiest business women in the United States. She made a name for herself by creating makeup for women of color and being a spokesperson for the inhuman things happening around her. Madam C.J. Walker lived during a time when black men had more freedom than white women, so what she did was heroic. Madam C.J. Walker passed away in 1919, one year before women got the right to vote in 1920. (27) Bessie Coleman was an early American civil aviator. She was the first African-American woman and first Native American to hold a pilot license. She earned her license from the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale on June 15, 1921, and was the first Black person to earn an international pilot’s license Amelia Earhart was actually one of a handful of powerful women that I have learned about. Earhart who earned her pilot’s license in 1923, was the first female pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. (28) She never liked flying with men because she felt like a burden. So when she got a call from Transcontinental Air Transport (later TWA) in New York asking her if she would like to fly for them, she quickly said yes. Amelia was also an author who wrote best-selling books about her flying experiences. Amelia Earhart set considerable other records in piloting and played an important part in

Kayla Mercado pt. 5 the formation of the Ninety-Nines, an organization for female pilots. For many years, Amelia denied the offer of marriage from George P. Putnam because she refused to be a housewife. Amelia wanted to continue her life doing what she loved to do. In Saudi Arabia, Ameerah (meaning princess) AlTaweel was born middle class but married billionaire prince Al Waleed Bin Talal Al Saud and became a real princess.(30) As the past chairperson of Kingdom Holding Company, she traveled extensively on behalf of the Alwaleed bin Talal Foundations to supporting programs and projects aimed at poverty alleviation, disaster relief, interfaith dialogue, and women’s empowerment, she has visited more than seventy-one countries.[4] Although they have a son, Zayed, born in 2019, her marriage of five years had to be cut short because she was considered a rebel princess who used her platform to fight for women’s rights. Ameerah was one of the main forces behind Saudi women being allowed to drive in 2018. Although her husband supported her, Ameerah’s notoriety was causing conflict with the Saudi’s and their beliefs. While divorce is also frowned upon, Ameerah was remarried and has continues to inspire people globally while speaking up for women’s rights. (31) In South America, first lady Eva Perón from San Juan, Argentina whose life is depicted in the globally successful musical “Evita,” met her husband Juan Perón in 1944. Juan Perón became president of Argentina in 1946. (32) (4) Meanwhile, Eva became powerful within the “pro-Perónist trade unions” by speaking on labor rights while she ran the “Ministries of Labor and Heath and championed women’s suffrage in Argentina. Her work evolved into the nation’s first large scale female political party, “The Women’s Perónist Party.” Later Eva Perón ran for vice president of Argentina, but because of her declining health she had to withdraw. Before her death at age 33, Mrs. Perón was given the title of “Spiritual Leader of the Nation,” by the congress and a state funeral was held upon her death. State funerals are usually reserved for heads of state. . . . . continued on page 71

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Kayla pt. 6 & Savon pt. 5 Kayla Mercado cont. According to Wikipedia, Isabel Martínez de Perón, also known as Isabelita, was an Argentine politician who served as 42nd President of Argentina from 1974 to 1976. (34) She was the first female republican head of state in the world. Isabel Perón was the third wife of President Juan Perón. During her husband’s third term as President of Argentina from 1973--1974, Isabel served as both Vice President and First Lady. Following her husband’s death in office, 1974, Isabel became President. After her first term, the military then took over the government and placed her under house arrest for five years before exiling her to Spain in 1981. By 2021, Isabel Peron, was turning 90 and had been living in seclusion in her villa northeast of Madrid, Spain for four decades. Nevertheless, Isabel Martínez de Perón, holds the distinction of having been the first woman to hold the title of President as opposed to queen or prime minister. The correlation between the life example of the beloved Eva Perón of Argentina and the presidency of Isabel de Perón in Argentina is no coincidence. (35) One person alone may have little to no power, but all of us together have the power to change the world. We just have to take a stand together. I believe one day women will be equal to men. The more we step outside of our comfort zones and realize the power we have as a united humanity, the more we can continue to make the changes in history needed to make our collective future bright. References 1. History Channel: History of Witches, Haunting History. 2020. 2. Psychologist Mauk Mulder, 1977, The Daily Power Game. International Series on the Quality of Working Life. 3. Primatologist Frans de Wall, PhD. Different: Gender Through the Eyes of a Primatologist, 2022, W.W. Norton Company, NY 4. Einstein, profile of the man by Michelmore, Peter. Dodd Mead, NY 1962. https://archive.org/details/einsteinprofileo00mich_0 5. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/ flygirls-bessie-coleman/ 6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Earhart 7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameera_al-Taweel 8. Eva Perón and Isabel Martínez de Perón, Wikipedia. https:// en.widipedia.org/wiki/Eva_Perón 9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Perón

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Savon Baptista cont. African-Americans to serve in other capacities. In March 1944, the first 13 African-American naval officers were commissioned. One of the first heroes of the war was Ship’s Cook Third Class Doris Miller, from Waco, Texas, aboard the USS West Virginia at Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941 was recognized for“Distinguished devotion to duty, extraordinary courage and disregard of his personal safety during the attack on the Fleet in Pearl Harbor on 7, December 1941.” While at the side of his Captain on the bridge, Miller, despite enemy bombing, and in the face of serious fire, Doris assisted in moving his Captain, who had been mortally wounded, to a place of greater safety and later manned and operated a machine gun until ordered to leave the bridge.” He was awarded the Navy Cross by Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, from Fredericksburg, Texas. Unfortunately, Doris Miller was killed in action when the USS Liscome Bay was sunk two years later, November 1943, during operations in the Gilbert Islands. 909,000 served in the Army, 78% of them served in service branches (engineers, quartermasters, and transportation personnel). The African-American combat units in the Pacific included the 93rd Infantry Division, the 24th Infantry Regiment (one of the original Buffalo Soldier regiments), 10 anti-aircraft battalions, and one coast artillery battalion. In the China-Burma-India Theater, 60% of the engineer units that built the Ledo Road from India to the connection with the Burma Road were African-Americans. 17,000 African-Americans served in the Marine Corps during the war, the majority as support troops in ammunition and depot companies. On Peleliu Island in Palau, some of these support troops took up rifles and assisted the 1st Marine Division in the fighting on the island. Approximately 800 served on Iwo Jima island in Japan bringing up ammunition and supplies as well as evacuating the wounded. The only two African-American combat units formed by the Marine Corps were the 51st and 52nd Defense Battalions which garrisoned captured islands. Almost 5,000 African-Americans served in the Coast Guard, Savon continued on page 75 economy, work & lifestyle

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and then the Portuguese. Thanks to these two periods of growth, the city is full of old stone buildings and large single-family homes that boasted its wealth from those eras. New Bedford’s downtown real-estate by 2019 was 80% historic. While accurate figures are hard to find, tourism appears to be a growing industry in the city. New Bedford tourism centers on seasonal fairs and festivals including the Folk Festival, Whaling City Festival, Fourth of July, Jazz Fest, Working Waterfront Festival, Polish Fest, and the Cape Verdean Parade. New Bedford is also home to the Portuguese Festival of the Blessed Sacrament, the largest Portuguese cultural celebration in America. Tourism also focuses on the historic whaling industry, and the New Bedford Whaling National Historical Park, the only national park of this type in the United States. Driven in part by increased tourism, the Fairfield Inn and Suites Hotel opened in New Bedford in late May, 2010, on the edge of the city’s harbor. This became the first hotel in the city to open in more than 40 years. New Bedford also has the New Bedford Harbor Hotel, which opened during the summer of 2018, and a few bed-and-breakfast establishments. New Bedford and Cape Verde share many cultural bonds. New Bedford is a city of many firsts and many of its historical milestones involve the island nation of Cape Verde. The first Cape Verdean Catholic church, Our Lady of Assumption, was built in New Bedford in 1905. The first community organization in the country, o Grèmio Cabo Verdean, was established here in 1910. A total of 487 voyages involved Cape Verdean Americans as captains and owners, and 70 percent of all the Cabo Verdean immigrants to America at that time came through New Bedford. The cultural partnership between New Bedford and Cape Verde began with the signing of a protocol between the Cape Verdean Ministry of Culture and the City of New Bedford when the Charles W. Morgan sailed into port in June 2014. These are among the many facts in the Cape Verdean exhibit at the Whaling Museum. Jorge Carlos Fonseca, President of Cape Verde, 72

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Luana Lima pt. 3 stated that his family has been talking to him about New Bedford since he was a boy and he still has extended family here. After viewing an exhibit about the last surviving whaling ship, the Ernestina, Fonseca said he was pleased to see his great uncle, Henrique Mendes, identified as one of the captains. “It is very difficult to talk about the history of Cape Verde without talking about the United States and New Bedford,” he said through a translator; “So this is a city that has been a part of my life.” Cabo Verde is one of very few countries to have experienced migration on such a vast scale, but it is currently vulnerable to the tightening of the immigration policies in Europe and other countries. But Cape Verdeans are prospering in other countries. Today there are more than 400 Cape Verdeans living in Paris, France. Cape Verde and Paris have many relationships. For example, the Cape Verde Business Club, an association that opened in May of 2007, created a Cape Verde House in the city with the objective of developing and strengthening relations and exchanges of all kinds between Paris and Cape Verde. Paris is the capital of France, and one of the most important and influential cities in the world. Paris is famous as a city of love, artists, and the art of living. From a tourist point of view, Paris is one of the most visited cities in Europe. Paris is a city that seems made for the traveler - its streets, squares, buildings, gardens and monuments may inspire tourists to return multiple times. Guests may visit locations such as the Eiffel Tower, L’Arc de Triomphe or the Notre Dame Cathedral. They may watch a cabaret show at the classic Moulin Rouge, or stroll through some of the most charming districts of the city such as Montmartre or Montparnasse. The Eiffel Tower is the symbol of Paris. It rose in the Paris sky at the end of the 19th century and celebrated its 120th anniversary in 2009. Today, as many as 2,500 tourists visit La Tour Eiffel every day, each of them willing to wait in line for an hour or more to ascend it. Paris is a city that was largely built by its . . . . continued on page 73

Luana Lima pt. 4 residents. It does not have natural beauty comparable to Rio de Janeiro, for example, but their monuments are preserved and respected. Portugal is a unitary sovereign country located in southwestern Europe, whose territory lies in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula and in the North Atlantic archipelagos. Portugal is a developed country with a very high human development index. The country ranked 19th in quality of life, has one of the best health systems on the planet, and is also one of the most globalized and peaceful nations in the world. Portugal ranks second amongst European countries for migrants - approximately 2.3 million Portuguese live abroad. After Malta, Portugal is the European country with the highest number of emigrants. Lisbon is the capital of Portugal. Over 2.8 million people live there, making it the largest and most populous metropolitan district in the country. Lisbon is also the political center of Portugal, the seat of its government, and the residence of the Head of State. It is referred to as the “Lighthouse of Lusophony” (Daus). The Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries (CPLP) has its headquarters in Lisbon. It is still the westernmost capital of the European continent on the Atlantic coast. Lisbon exhibits the splendor of a city that was once a great center of world exploration, and it is also considered by many to be one of the most beautiful cities on Earth. Portugal is one of the most visited countries in Europe with excellent attractions available throughout it. One of the obligatory stops for those who visit Lisbon is the tower, Torre de Belem. Portugal is a country well known for its innumerable discoveries. A set of achievements accomplished by the Portuguese with maritime explorations between 1415 and 1543 began with the conquest of Ceuta in Africa. An example of another country discovered by Portuguese expansion is Cape Verde. The discovery of Cape Verde occurred in 1460. The discoveries resulted in greater Portuguese expansion and made an essential contribution to shaping

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the map of the world. With the completion of the transcontinental rail in 1869, the literal and figurative capital of whaling moved west to California and Hawaii. Whalers hunting in the Arctic dramatically shortened their route to marker by unloading baleen and oil in San Francisco, San Diego, and Honolulu. This practice helped these cities to grow in importance as the diversity of their settlements expanded. Former whalers who had ventured inland during the Gold Rush later settled in the fertile valleys of California as cowboys and ranchers. Starting in the mid-19th century, many Portuguese Americans turned to shore whaling, a practice that enabled them to farm in the slow summer seasons and live with their families year-round. The process of shore whaling includes an onshore lookout who sights whales near the coast and sends gangs of men in their boats to row out, harpoon the whale, and bring it back to shore. The capital required to start a shore whaling business was more than 80% less than that of an off-shore whaling enterprise. The Portuguese quickly became the dominant cultural group in California, engaged in more than 20 whaling stations along the coastline of the Pacific. We can surely say that the Portuguese and Cape Verdeans have made an impact around the world and throughout America References •Wikipedia.org •https://www.capeverde.com/ ; •https://www.visit-caboverde.com/en •https://www.visitportugal.com/en ; •100 Cities of the World, 2011 Paragon Books •https://www.gfmd.org/ ; •Jorgen Carling Research – at Source@MigrationPolicy.org; •New Bedford Whaling Museum; Download Luana’s paper & video free at eworkstyle.org economy, work & lifestyle

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Above: a web meeting with ACCESS Fellows during COVID

ing as soon as they woke up. It made me so happy that the hospital staff let the father of my children, my son, my mom and both my little sisters sit in the delivery room and keep me company. But, once I felt the baby coming I quickly told my little sister and my son they had to step out because my daughter was coming!! When I had my baby girl, I felt like my little family was finally complete. My kids father became a stay at home dad since it was hard for him to find a job with the bracelet on. It was just so much easier for me to pick up whatever shift I wanted to. I went back to work at Dunkin Donuts about two weeks after having my daughter because I became obsessed with working. I was always working while I had my children’s father at home cooking, cleaning and watching the kids. When my daughter was about eleven months old, I gave birth to another beautiful baby boy. About a year after having our 3rd child, my relationship with the father of my children became very rocky and we split up. I felt like I became a single mom for the first time, because my kids’ father stopped coming around and for months we lost all communication. I felt hurt, lost and abandoned. Cutting off all ties with him was one of the hardest decisions I had to make because I was not okay with him picking and choosing when he wanted to be around the kids. So he eventually stopped asking about them. It got hard doing all of the family work by myself. Motherhood is really like never getting a break because all of my down time is spent cleaning the house, going 74

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Ka-Lana Almeida pt. 3 grocery shopping, cooking or getting the kids to take a nap, preparing them for bed and now that they are getting older getting them off to childcare and preschool. Nowadays, I never really have time for myself. When I’m alone, I realize I did not have 3 kids by myself, but even though I still have family support, I am really carrying all of the responsibilities that come with parenting. I’m really disappointed, hurt and sometimes outright mad about him leaving because children need two parents. Financially, I’m not worried because I’ve always been a good worker. I have a career in mind and I do see myself becoming successful and owning a home one day. With my sheer determination and large support circle, I never had a problem with getting my kids things they need or want. But when I’m alone, emotionally I’m not okay, but I am determined to keep going every day because I have come to terms with being a single mother of three children and there is no time to slack off or to show my emotions to my young children. Physically, I have days where I’m so tired that my whole body hurts. Some days it’s just my head that hurts, but most days I’m okay because I have to be for my children. Once per year, I do take a vacation though and that helps. When I get my taxes, I take my children to California to visit my best friend and her kids. I have dreams though, my children will not be small forever. My dream is to work for the FBI, so, I’ve taken advantage of the Eworkstyle ACCESS program as an opportunity to get back to completing my educational requirements to get into college. From there, I can study legal courses and whatever else is needed to meet my dream goals. I have learned to believe that being a single mother is not the end of the world. But it is harder to accomplish dreams and career goals when you have to put children first. I am not afraid of what I have to do to provide for my family because I am young and I am strong. I will be a successful single mother by accomplishing what it takes to provide a professional livable wage for myself, to purchase a home, and to get my children into college when they grow up. Download Ka-Lana’s story free at www.eworkstyle.org.

Savon Baptista pt. 6 Savon Baptista cont. 2,300 as steward’s mates and gun crews, and 2,400 served in shore establishments (USCG stations, beach patrols, and headquarters). In 1943 the Coast Guard began a slow integration on ships and also that year the first African-American Coast Guard officer was commissioned. George Watson, U.S. Army, was the only African-American to be posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor in the Pacific during World War II. His unit was aboard a ship which was torpedoed on March 8th, 1943. Following the sinking of the ship, Watson repeatedly swam away from the life raft to save other men and bring them back to the raft until one time he swam away and didn’t come back. African-American women volunteered in large numbers. Many served as nurses in the both the Army and Navy Nurse Corps. Others served in all branches of the armed forces. On the home front, women worked in factories building ships, tanks, and airplanes; others supported war bond drives, raised victory gardens, and assisted with scrap drives. The Army Air Forces established several African American organizations, including fighter and bombardment groups and squadrons. Between 1941 and 1946, roughly 1,000 black pilots were trained at a segregated air base in Tuskegee, AL. The Tuskegee Airmen flew hundreds of patrol and attack missions for the Twelfth Air Force, flying P-40 and P-39 airplanes, before they were reassigned to the 15th Air Force to escort B-17 and B-24 heavy bombers, using P-47 and P-51 airplanes. The famous“Tuskegee Airmen”of the 332nd Fighter Group became part of the 15th Air Force, escorting American bombers as they flew over Italy. As escorts, flying P-47s and later P-51s, the Tuskegee Airmen were responsible for protecting larger bombers from German fighter planes. The Tuskegee Airmen flew more than 15,000 sorties (defense attacks) between May 1943, and June 1945. Bomber crews often requested to be escorted by these“Red Tails,”a nicknamed acquired from the painted tails

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of Tuskegee fighter planes, which were a distinctive deep red. Sixty-six Tuskegee Airmen died in combat. They had one of the lowest loss records of any escort fighter group. C. Alfred“Chief”Anderson is one of the most famous of the pilots in the Tuskegee Airmen story. In 1929, Anderson had earned his pilot’s license, and went on to become the first African American to earn a commercial pilot’s certification in 1932. In March 1941, Anderson took First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt on a 30-minute flight in a biplane. The flight brought much-needed attention to the Tuskegee Airmen. The Tuskegee Airmen achieved a number of successes during World War II. The 332nd Fighter Group was awarded the Distinguished Unit Citation for their actions on March 24, 1945. On their way to Berlin, Germany, the Red Tails destroyed three German ME262’s. In all, the Tuskegee Airmen earned eight Purple Hearts, 14 Bronze Stars, three Distinguished Unit Citations, and 96 Distinguished Flying Crosses. References 1. New Bedford Military Museum 2. Wikipedia American Civil War: https://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/American_Civil_War 3. The Afro-American Reference Work; Ploski Harry A; Williams James, 4th Edition Bellwether 4. Before Freedom Came, African-American Life in the Antebellum South, Edward D. C. Campbell, Jr. and Kim S. Rice, eds 5. The 54th Regiment, National Park Service https:// www.nps.gov/articles/54th-massachusetts-regiment. htm 6. Tuskegee Airmen, Study.com https://study.com/ academy/lesson/tuskegee-airmen-history-facts-accomplishments.html Download Savon’s paper or watch Savon’s video free on Eworkstyle Web TV www.eworkstyle.org.

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mineral flow to the membranes, we must question how the bad mucus gets into our bodies in the first place. This also has to do with what we are eating and drinking. The best way to treat and cure diseases and sicknesses is to create an alkaline environment for the body to heal in. Alkaline means having the properties of an alkali, or having a pH measure greater than seven. Anything under seven is considered acidic. When one is on the journey of nourishment and taking their mind, body and soul back to wellness, they must treat their body with respect and care. So I highly recommend staying from any processed, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms), and unnatural foods and start getting back to nature’s nutrition. Going a little deeper into the healing process, detoxing is one of the best ways of cleaning out your system. Detoxing is a process or period of time in which one stays away from toxic or unhealthy substances. Detoxing will help you get rid of an unwanted bloated feeling, or the discomfort of overeating something too rich. Typically just giving yourself a break from eating one meal while drinking plenty of water (64 ozs) and fluids will give a sense of relief. There are multiple ways of detoxing the body but you should talk with your doctor before you start. The most popular types of detoxing are the master cleanse, juice fasting, and organ cleansing. The master cleanse consists of water, herbs, spices, lemon or lime juice, with a natural sweetener for taste. This cleanse will start weight loss and alleviate symptoms of discomfort from foods that are too rich. Juice fasting, my personal favorite, involves drinking only fresh fruit and vegetable juices for the duration of the fast. Again talk to your doctor before starting a fast such because juice cleansing can have adverse reactions in some people. For instance, too many citrus juices can have you in the bathroom all day. However, six ounces of carrot and a splash or two spinach juice mixed with just enough apple juice to sweeten is a good way to start. Do your research and decide what you can tolerate. Some juice fasting plans provide specific juices over the course of the diet, while others

Jordan Lopes pt. 3 permit us to create our own juices at home. Organ cleansing is basically just targeting the specific organ that needs to be rejuvenated and detoxing it with specific herbs, fruits, vegetables, and grains to bring it back to its proper health. This is also a conversation you should have with your doctor. Fasting means to stay away from some or all food for a day or more, again with a doctors advisement. With all of the different types of natural healing, there are plenty of options for us to choose from, so do your research and talk with your doctor and those you live with so you can all be comfortable with your choices. Other dietary things you should think about include genetically modified organisms or GMO foods in the marketplace. GMOs are living organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering. This creates combinations of plant, animal, bacteria, and virus genes that do not occur in nature or through traditional crossbreeding methods. It may not sound harmful but how many additives go into what you are eating? How much of what you are eating has organic nutrient value? How much artificial content is in foods that have been modified in labs and factories? Knowing these answers could prevent allergic reactions and help you refine your intake quality. There are also multiple kinds of diets for us to choose from: holistic, vegetarian, vegan, macrobiotic, paleo, keto, pescetarian, herbalist, and carnivore. A holistic diet is all about eating healthy foods as close to their natural state as possible including unrefined, unprocessed, organic and locally grown whole foods. Vegetarians eat fruits and vegetables and some only eat foods that have seeds in them, because seeds are considered the life force of the produce. Nevertheless, the vegetarian diet includes a diverse mix of fruits, vegetables, grains, healthy fats, and proteins. Vegans are similar to vegetarians, however they maintain the practice of staying away from the use of all animal made products, including honey, butter, milk and other foods produced by animals. . . . . continued on page 77

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Jordan Lopes pt. 4 The macrobiotic diet aims to avoid foods containing toxins. Many people follow a completely vegan diet with no dairy products or meats, but others eat mostly whole grains, beans and vegetables with small portions of organic meat. A paleo-diet includes primarily proteins from meats, fish, eggs, seeds, nuts, fruits and vegetables, along with healthy fats and oils while avoiding starches, grains and high carbohydrate foods. A ketogenic or Keto diet is a high-fat, adequate protein, low carbohydrate diet that includes: fish and seafood, low carb veggies, cheese, avocados, poultry, eggs, nuts, seeds and healthful oils. The pescetarian diet is a vegetarian that eats fish and seafood. The herbalist diet is similar to vegan with a specific herb intake including burdock root, sarsaparilla, dandelion and more. And finally, the carnivore diet - a strict diet that only includes meat, fish, and other animal foods like eggs and certain dairy products. It excludes all other foods, including fruits vegetables, beans, grains, nuts, and seeds. Each of the diets mentioned are designed to control weight gain, dis-ease, and maintain optimum health. However, a doctor’s input on any extreme changes you make to your body is suggested. T Yes diets like these can be more expensive, but consider the more poor quality foods we eat, the less healthy we become. The sicker we become the more visits we make to doctors and hospitals, and the more we buy medicines and drugs and health care is a trillion-dollar industry. So balance is suggested. Consider organic foods were you can afford it and eliminate the unnecessary by replacing it with a healthier choice. With that said, we also need to step up our personal wellness game. Wellness is the state of being in good health, especially as an actively pursued goal. While I believe nutrition is at the root of wellness, wellness has its own avenue and clarity. There are seven profound areas of wellness that I have discovered: 1) Physical, 2) Emotional, 3) Social, 4) Intellectual, 5) Spiritual, 6) Environmental, and 7) Occupational. Physical wellness is extremely important

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to strive for, because it defines how we see ourselves in the mirror and how we look at ourselves. Physical wellness goes beyond just our bodies, it impacts our mind, emotions, and overall well-being. How we look at ourselves has a link to our character. Attaining physical wellness allows us to engage in a variety of physical activities, which provide more opportunities for enjoyment. But physical activity does more than keep our bodies in shape, it helps our brains to function, our memory to retain information and to be our best at our overall cognitive performance. When we exercise, it releases endorphins, which are chemicals that reduce stress, anxiety and improve self-esteem and sleep, among many other benefits. If we want to achieve optimal physical wellness the four main things we must do are: a) monitor nutrient intake, b) exercise, c) pay attention to our bodies, and d) get adequate sleep! Emotional wellness is our ability to feel, recognize, process, and properly express different emotions. Emotions are signals from our brain and body to our conscious mind that indicate how certain situations and stimuli make us feel. Too often, people withhold their emotions and hide them from others. Unexpressed emotions can build up to create stress and anxiety. If emotions are not expressed in a healthy way, our control over thinking diminishes and we risk saying or doing something we will later regret. When we do not allow ourselves to express a range of emotions, over time we make it harder to recognize the signals. Pushing aside an emotion does not serve our long-term wellness. We must stay aware of how we feel and act, and express it in the healthiest ways, by finding positive and proactive ways to let out our emotions such as: 1) Tuning-into our thoughts and feelings, 2) Cultivating an optimistic and positive attitude, 3) Seeking (and providing) support from and to a friend, family member, or trusted person who will listen without judgment, 4) Practicing stress management techniques such as meditation, and\or 5) Discovering our specific stress relievers. We must also learn to forgive . . . . continued on page 78 economy, work & lifestyle77

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ourselves and develop self- acceptance. Social wellness includes the quality of our relationships and our social interactions which plays a major role in our overall health. Being human is all about interactions and experiences. Our range of abilities to interact with others, maintain meaningful and healthy relationships, feel connected to people we care about, and contribute to the well-being of other people is considered a measure social wellness. Both the quality and quantity of our social relationships affect our mental and physical health, along with our morality risk. We can improve our social wellness by joining groups that meet consistently, such as community organizations or volunteering for something we like. Getting together with friends and going out to an event is a part of this as is befriending new people. Relationships must be kept active, so nourish them by texting or calling friends and family to see how they are doing. You should also schedule times to hang out with people you care about. You can find a lot of research on how to improve your social skills! Intellectual wellness is best interpreted as lifelong learning and creative uses of our minds and education. New ideas and creative expression stimulate and strengthen the mind. Increasing knowledge can also help to navigate the world and its changes which increases opportunities for an array of successes. Making time to enjoy life and improve the previously outlined dimensions of wellness is considered a part of intellectual wellness. So is learning new ideas, reading books, taking classes and attending workshops. Consider seeking out and spending time with smart and interesting people who will challenge and stimulate thinking. Find activities that stimulate new ideas such as, art music, sports or interesting fitness activities. Solving puzzles and playing games, working with numbers and finding better ways to get things done also stimulates mental activities are necessary to maintain and improve intellectual rigor. Spiritual wellness, a personal favorite, can but does not have to rely on religion or God. Spiritual wellness in this case, is all about having a core set of principles or values that guide moral and ethical guidance toward contentious empathy for self, others and the world. Spiritual wellness sounds cosmic or divine in nature but often requires structure and guidance. Spiritual wellness is the feeling that it is alright to let control over what you cannot change go, because you recognize a feeling or sense or belief that there is something greater than the self. Ideally spiritual

Jordan Lopes pt. 5 guidance is about connecting our mind and bodies with nature. To walk among the trees, the ocean, rivers, lakes and so on is to find spirituality. On days when we feel a little down, we need to dig deep for the sunshine within us. We must find ways to be as fully present as possible every day. We must learn to live our lives in by trying to engage everything we do in the most gracious way possible. Some things to consider for enhancing spiritual wellness include: spending time in nature by getting out in the sunshine or walking in a light rain, going on hikes, spending quiet time alone to think deeply or meditate. The idea is to enhance your spiritual wellness by maximizing harmony, trust, faith and confidence in yourself and acting in alignment with your principles to become more spiritually aware and internally peaceful. Peace also brings less criminal activity and far healthier generations to come. Environmental wellness is doing our best to make the world a better place. We can begin by thinking about what it will take to improving the planet and the lives of others holistically and then how does that connect locally. For instance, looking at the oceans trash and prompt a stronger effort at recycling, looking at the issue of pollution can prompt green purchasing and so on. Environmental wellness makes up feel better and improves our overall wellbeing. Conserving precious resources, such as water, air, and farmland are substantial examples of environmental wellness. We should try to do what we can to protect the earth’s natural resources from destruction and pollutants. Environmental wellness has grown over the past decades, so finding people and organizations that we can get behind will help to save the planet for future generations! Occupational wellness is just that, being happy with our job, career, and work. We . . . . continued on page 79

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Jordan Lopes pt. 6 cannot be happy and fulfilled if we do not have passion and meaning in the work we do. If you are not happy at work, then it may be time to go back to school and retrain for another position, or look for employment at a different company. Many people start a“side hustle,”or start freelancing work that can one day become a full-time business. Yes, these strategies may require significant effort, but if they bring us closer to occupational wellness, or make us feel valued and happy with the work we do, then they are well worth the effort. Achieving a healthy quality of life is highly dependent on actually trying the seven areas of wellness I outlined for you. By doing so, your health, happiness, and wellbeing are sure to improve exponentially! Remember, health is wealth. If you are not feeling good mentally, physically or spiritually, you will not be able to tackle life in a positive way. We must ask ourselves if the way we are currently living is boosting our wellness and longevity?

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balance/

foods-to-eat

https://www.elitedaily.com/life/ gmos-are-killing-us

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Veganism

https://www.naturalhealth365. com/chemotherapy-cancer-patients-1796.html

https://www.webmd.com/diet/a-z/ macrobiotic-diet

https://costaide.com/chemotherapy-cost/

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/paleo-diet-meal-plan-andmenu

https://www.hrsonline.org/patient-resources/electrical-system

https://en.m.wikipedia.org.wiki/ ketogenic_diet

https://blog.bestself.co/bestself/7-dimentions-of-wellness/

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/dr-sebi-diet#the-diet

https://www.sharecare.com/video/ health-topics-a-z/diet-and-nutrition/food-is-the-best-source-ofmost-nutrients

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/pescatarian-diet

For the sake of the children in the next generation and beyond, we must start implementing environmental wellness. We can literally save lives and make the world a greater place to live in for the next generations to come!

https://www.onegreenplanet.org/ lifestyle/plants-that-enrich-yourgarden-soil/

Sources: https://www.naturallifeenergy. com/understanding-minerals-in-dr-sebis-african-bio-mineral-

file:///C:/Jordan/MeasuringCommunityWellbeing_Whitepaper2013.pdf

https://www.leaf.tv/articles/ what-are-mucus-cleansing-foods/

file:///C:/Jordan/This%20 Farmer%20Thinks%20Kelp%20 Will%20Help%20Save%20the%20 World%20_%20SAVEUR.pdf

https://www.businessinsider.com/ us-ranks-27th-for-healthcare-andeducation-2018-9

file:///C:/Jordan/Retooling%20Toward%20a%20Culture%20of%20 Health%20&%20Wellbeing.pdf

www.lccbenefits.ca/downloads/ banewslettermar13.pdf

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/carnivore-diet#what-it-is

https://www.healthline.com/ nutrition/vegetarian-diet-plan#-

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Yamilett Vargas pt. 4 businesses and family farms.

slalom skiing, whale watching, kayaking and canoeing, as well as to light fireworks on the fourth of July. Once heavily used cargo ships like the Mayflower, a square-rigged sailing ship about 90 feet long and weighing about 180 tons and carried 102 people have evolved into luxury cruise ships of nearly 750 feet long, weighing 47,000 tons and holding some 900 people. Cruise ships host lots of fun activities. Some cruise ships have libraries, arcades, clubs, casinos, restaurants, spas and gyms. Most cruises offer walking tours, forest visits, and opportunities for passengers to view beautiful islands off the coast of the American main land. Common locations that people tend to enjoy traveling to include the Caribbean, Hawaii, Mexico and even to Europe. There are also clubs dedicated to boating, such as the Low Tide Yacht Club in New Bedford, providing sailing lessons, boat building and boat races for a low membership fees. New Bedford also has a community boating program that gives sailing classes, including a Community Boating Instructor Training program. Downtown New Bedford hosts a Harbor Tour from mid-June to the end of September, where many tourists have the wonderful opportunity to see our world-renowned commercial fishing fleet, Fort Phoenix, and hear tales of New Bedford’s stories. There is even a fast moving ferry called the“Seastreak”which is a leader in fast passenger ferry transportation, servicing points in Manhattan, central New Jersey, Nantucket, Martha’s Vineyard, and more. What has been interesting to understand is there was once a moment in American history where women weren’t allowed on boats. While, commercial whaling in New England peaked in 1846–1852, and New Bedford, Massachusetts sent out its last whaler, the John R. Mantra, in 1927; hunting whales, has historically and unquestionably been viewed as man’s world. A few captains brought their wives or families with them, however while the wives of crewmen served as merchants, their whalemen husbands away for years at a time, women had to assume the responsibilities not only of heading households, but of running

According to“Discover Boating.com,” Women have long been the primary influencers when it comes to boat buying. Even in the era of boating being a“man’s sport,” because women controlled the checkbook. According to data collected by the market research firm Info-Link, today men outnumber women when it comes to registered boat owners by 7-to-1. Boat mechanic, Kaitlyn Schneider say’s“When I first starting writing about boats in 1996, I didn’t encounter many other women on the water, and few were on the business side of it. Articles would highlight a handful of pioneers who operated marinas, sold boats and crewed yacht charters, and then we’d all move on. Now, 25 years later, the world is different. In the 2020s, women aren’t just in boating— they’re everywhere in boating. They’re yacht designers, entrepreneurs, business owners, captains, instructors, mechanics and tech consultants—and they are not novelties. They are experts, and their unique experiences, perspectives and voices are driving recreational boating forward.” Women are also joining in the sport of rowing competitions, which became a classical technique during the 1980s. Today, women’s rowing is one of the sports that has successfully made it to the Olympics. Plenty of colleges also look into talented female athletes, and sometimes hand out scholarships to hard-working and very skilled individuals to compete in college rowing. Rowing became an NCAA sport in 1997, causing the amount of women rowers to grow dramatically. As a woman who resides in New England, I am extremely thankful for all of the changes that have occurred before my time. If it weren’t for these changes, I wouldn’t have been able to travel from New Bedford to . . . . continued on page 81

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Yamilett pt. 5 & Sean M. pt. 2 Yamilett Vargas cont. Martha’s Vineyard on the Seastreak ferry and neither would all of my female friends who joined me on the trip. Being on the water is an extremely lovely experience that holds many adventures. I love traveling on the water, it is one of the many great ways to sit back and connect to nature. I look forward to exploring ocean vessels as a way to travel to places in the future. There is nothing like the absolutely magical beauty of the ocean waters with all of the natural sculptures that the earth holds on the seas. The People’s Path http://www.yvwiiusdinvnohii.net/language-html/ Wikipedia.org https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_ Four_Ships Encyclopedia of North Carolina https://www.ncpedia.org/canoes Visit New England.com https://www.visitnewengland.com/all/ maritime-and-seafaring-new-england/ Discover Boating.com https://www.discoverboating.com/ resources/women-boating-guide Boatus.com https://www.boatus.com/expert-advice/expert-advice-archive/2018/october/what-women-want-in-boating Boatingmag.com https://www.boatingmag.com/boats/ most-influential-women-in-boating/ National Parks Service https://www.nps.gov/nebe/learn/historyculture/women.htm

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Sean McCarthy cont. The website’s Creative Directory is a free and open catalog for those affiliated with the creative economy including visual arts, film and multimedia, food and culinary, music and performing arts, written works, and history and preservation. The Tool Box provides resources for individuals or companies looking to expand and develop their skills, networking or funding. Every other month New Bedford Creative issues an email with information and opportunities for artists and cultural organizations. New Bedford Creative’s influence can be seen throughout the city in a variety of ways, not just downtown but from the north end’s Acushnet Avenue to the south end’s Fort Taber. Some examples of their support include murals and public art, events, and design work. Artist Kat Knutsen was recruited to design the“Jazz Wall,”a 49-by-34 foot mural on a wall of the Fiber Optics Center on 23 Centre St. downtown, devoted to internationally recognized jazz artists who found a home in New Bedford. The project incorporated the input of the New Bedford Historical Society, SuperflatNB, and the Fiber Optics Center. There are also mural“Postcards To New Bedford”created by SuperflatNB under the creative direction of Greg Pennisten displayed on the back wall of 674 Pleasant St. A lighting design at Wings Court in downtown was created by students at UMass-Dartmouth’s College of Visual and Performing Arts in partnership with the City of New Bedford Planning and the Department of Public Infrastructure. New Bedford Creative has contributed support to the Reggae on West Beach, fourth Sunday summertime event and the Guate-

malan Festival held in September, with New Bedford’s Parks Recreation & Beaches. This upcoming summer New Bedford Creative will help support an array of events, including 3rd EyE Youth Empowerment’s hiphop events, BuyBlackNB’s pop-up markets, Juneteenth, the New Bedford Symphony’s“Music In the Streets,”Fitzcarmel LaMarre’s“New Deadford”art youth workshops, and the New Bedford Art Museum’s traveling artMOBILE which provides an array of activities for children. Also included: “Highlighting Diverse Stories, New Bedford’s Middle School student’s as Literacy Ambassador,”with Our Sisters’School’s monthly diversity in books column. The Creative Resource Center, will host free bi-weekly workshops open to New Bedford educators from 35 early childhood centers. “Pandemic Renaissance - The Art of Surviving C 19,”will document how multicultural communities have persevered through COVID-19 and how humanity can. “Pride Month: Kaleidoscope - Art Through Your Eyes,”virtual book club discussion group for LGBTQ+ community members. South Coast Learning Trails’where five local artists will work with children to transform storefront windows into interactive visuals reflecting“Five Principles:”maximize love & manage stress; talk, sing & point; count, group, compare; explore through movement\play; and read and discuss stories. “Um Frenti Unido - Um Prujeto di Memória Kultural (A United Front - A Cultural Memory Project)”will honor the Cape Verdean community in New Bedford and explore “creative place making. Visit newbedfordcreative.org economy, work & lifestyle

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