Dementia Design Research document ( stage 1, 2 and 3) PORTFOLIO by E. I

DESN30166: TECHNOLOGY & DESIGN STUDIO 3 201516 FULL YEAR

THE MACHASEH CENTRE at Wilford Lane

PRESENTED BY: ESTHER IDOKO (T2268754) BSC ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY (YEAR 4)

"Natural environments are not amenities, and they are not mere 'resources' or quaint luxuries. They are essential to human mental, physical and social wellbeingâ&#x20AC;Ś..â&#x20AC;? (Dr. Richard Jackson)

PROJECT INFORMATION

NAME OF PROJECT: TYPE OF PROJECT: LOCATION: CLIENT:

SITE AREA:

THE MACHASEH CENTRE RESIDENTIAL/CARE HOSPITALITY WEST BRIDGFORD, NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. NOTTNGHAMSHIRE COUNY COUNCIL

66368.45 SQUARE METERS OF DEVELOPABLE AREA AND 27720.97 SQUARE METERS OF RECREATION SPACE. 5710.14 SQUARE METERS

TOTAL BUILD AREA: 8.6% GROUND COVERAGE: 3 MAXIMUM NO. OF LEVELS: 47 PARKING:

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

PART 3: TECHNICAL DETAILING

PART 0: ELEVATOR PITCH

3.1

FINAL MASTERPLAN

0.1

PROPOSAL

3.2

TECHNICAL DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

3.3

Drawing issue sheet

102

0.2

RESEARCH FINDINGS

0.3

SITE SELECTION

PART 1: CONTEXT & ANALYSIS 1.1 CONTEXT 1.2 ANALYSIS 1.3 SUMMARY

17 19 28 36

PART 2: DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT 2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY 2.2 QUESTIONNAIRES 2.3 CASE STUDIES 2.4 DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT 2.5 BROAD DESIGN VISION 2.6 STANDARD DOCUMENTS 2.7 COMPLIANCE DOCUMENTS

37 38 43 47 52 66 79 88

BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX 1 – LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS(Contd.): BRITISH STANDARD APPENDIX 2 – A NEW THEORY OF URBAN DESIGN

This Document is to be read in conjunction with Construction Tech Portfolio

INTRODUCTION DOCUMENT OVERVIEW The aim of this Document is to combine research methods with the architectural design process in order to produce a current and relevant proposal for a supportive environment for people living with dementia, their family, carers and community around them. Previous Literature reviews have identified the environmental design features considered most relevant to the topic. Analysis of some 'exemplary' dementia facilities revealed further design issues, whilst testing how successfully the features mentioned in the literature review are integrated into these designs. User preferences were identified through first-hand conversations with patients' relatives and health professionals. The “Dementia Design Audit Tool” by the Stirling University, world-renowned experts in the design of buildings for people living with dementia has also been adopted in this research Document.

THE BRIEF - CORE ELEMENTS & DESIGN PRINCIPLES •

A Scheme that feels like home and not an institution

•

Spaces that can be personalised to meet user preference

•

Spaces with natural elements incorporated into them to create a calming environment.

•

Carefully designed outside gardens with plants that create Sensory enhancement: Visual, tactile, smell, sound

•

A Scheme that is well integrated into the community

HEALTH & WELLBEING

In accordance to the brief, the proposal aims to provide:

Health and wellbeing is considered to be the core of the proposal, with provision of extensive open spaces and cycle corridors and enhancing existing vegetation to promote a better environment for The Residents and community of the Machaseh Centre. This will in turn improve mental well being and general quality of life, benefitting the end users.

Image Â© colourbox 2015 Accessed: 04.05.15

0.1 PROPOSAL

0.1.1 OPPORTUNITY AND NEED OPPORTUNITY The study of how incorporating Nature into design can affect human health and wellbeing was cultivated mainly from an interest in the theory of “Biophilia”. This led to an extensive enquiry of how this applies to perhaps the most vulnerable of the Spectrum; people living with Dementia. A study of health and care systems especially dementia care and looking at the existing design parameters including their strengths and pitfalls as a result of their integration of biophilic spaces or lack of it proved very eye opening, thus the opportunity of creating a scheme dedicated to providing a dementia friendly environment presented itself. NEED 1. The population is aging. The second largest population group in the U.K is over 65s. 2. As we age, our sense deteriorate (see diagram on the top right).

3. There are a lot of care homes around Nottingham but only a few have Dementia allocations. 4. There is an urgent need for designers to start considering the aging and ailing population in the design of facilities for all sectors. Dementia Design should be applied in: • Healthcare facilities, • Social care facilities, • Dwelling houses, • Buildings with public access, • Services for older people, • Effectively all buildings

Image: http://www.indexmundi.com/united_kingdom/age_structure.html

0.1.2 WHY DEMENTIA? According to Alzheimer's Society, “The word dementia describes a set of symptoms that may include memory loss and difficulties with thinking, problem-solving or language.” Dementia results when the brain has been damages by a disease, such as Alzheimer's disease or a series of strokes. It is progressive, which means the symptoms will gradually get worse.” There are 850,000 people with dementia in the UK, with numbers set to rise to over 1 million by 2025. This will soar to 2 million by 2051.

850,000

1 every 3 minutes

225,000 people will develop dementia this year, that’s one every three minutes. 1 in 6 people over the age of 80 have dementia and there are over 40,000 people under 65 with dementia in the UK.

70 per cent of people in care homes have dementia or severe memory problems. Dementia is one of the main causes of disability later in life, ahead of cancer, cardiovascular disease and stroke. However, the U.K spends much less on dementia than on these other conditions. In 2012/13, the UK spent £73.8 million on dementia research as opposed to £502.8 million on cancer research.

There are an estimated 35.6 million people living with dementia and the numbers affected will double every 20 years, rising to 115.4 million in 2050. Another 7.7 million people will develop dementia around the world every year.

70%

No Cure

THERE IS NO KNOWN CURE FOR DEMENTIA

Info © Alzheimers.co.uk 2015 Accessed: 04.11.15

Image © Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

0.1.3 CURRENT ‘Care Housing’ MODEL

Image Courtesy of:

HOUSING BENEFITS

SOCIAL CARE

HEALTH CARE

0.1.4 A TYPICAL DEMENTIA CARE HOME: Not fit for purpose Dark

Just Inconsiderate

Colour Contrast on the floor would mean hole to dementia sufferer. From: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/elder/10487249/Dementia-sufferers-must-have-specialist-care.html

Sterile

From: http://www.health.vic.gov.au/dementia/changes/interior-design.html

Considering the alarming rate of people developing dementia in the U.K, could this be the life sentence?

From: http://www.getreading.co.uk/news/health/new-dementia-friendly-ward-set-open-6474715

Found on majadaniels.com

Sadly this is still the predominant face of Dementia care homes in the U.K

0.2 RESEARCH FINDINGS

0.2.1 RESEARCH FINDINGS ENVIRONMENTAL PHSYCOLOGY To better understand what environment is and its ability to affect individuals we must understand some key ways that humans interact with space. These are the four Environmental/behaviour/neuroscience (E/B/N) concepts that form the core of Environment-Behaviour studies: i) Place- Space that holds meaning. Types of place include: • • •

Non-semantic- Place we hardly know and thus is easy to forget. Semantic- Places set in our brain but of no significant meaning to us (i.e well known vacation spot Disney land). Elaborative semantic: Places embedded in a personally meaningful context e.g. home or church.

ii) Personalization- Making a place our own Why would we want to make a place our own?, is it merely because we feel good in our own space? Zeisel et al cited an important observation made by Schacter, 1996 that memories of our past define ourselves, that is, who we believe we are. For normal brains a simple picture of family for example can achieve memory stimulation, however, environment personalization is more important for those with dementia. For them out of sight is often out of mind. Continual environmental reminders can therefore help them overcome feelings of being lost. iii) Territory- Recognising territory is a skill closely related to place recognition and essential to the survival of all species. Hence when one moves from a familiar place to an unfamiliar one, one know that they have left their territory. A young mammal in its territory knows it can roam freely expect social support from others. In his work “Inquiry by deign”, Zeisel (Zeisel et al, 2006) sites Kagan, 2001 saying that studies of mammals have shown that the ability to distinguish that territory is in-built and that is difficult if not dangerous to draw on studies of animals for human benefits because human beings are constantly migrating; However, an argument can be made that the primary territorial indicator in human beings is knowing that they have moved from a familiar environment to an unfamiliar one. The brain capacity of a child to differentiate familiar and unfamiliar things develop as early as 10 months old (Zeisel et al, 2006).

Summary: Using these finding it can be said that the make-up of a good physical environment is one that gives us a sense of place, can be personalised, is familiar and easy to navigate and return to.

iv) Way finding (linking place and territory)- Wayfinding is the mental and physical activity of finding ways to food and potential mate, avoiding predator and getting home safely. It is a hard wired brain activity. Studies have proven that way finding cues that are placed under eye view are more likely to be noticed than above the eye. This probably evolved from our ancestors looking at the ground for cues of food or predators (Zeisel et al, 2006)

0.3 SITE SELECTION

0.3.1 SITE SELECTION Site 1

SITE 1: Site Location: At the corner of Wilford Lane / Loughborough road, West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire. It is approximately two miles south of Nottingham City Centre and it borders Wilford lane to the North and Loughborough Road to the East. The site has approximately 0.339ha and a narrow point to the South

Site 2

SITE 2:

16.4 acre Developable space

6.85 acre Recreation space

Site Location: Wilford Lane (Grid Reference: 457396/336821) Situated in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, approximately two miles south of Nottingham City Centre. It borders Wilford Lane to the North-West. The site has approximately 6.64 ha (16.4 acre) developable area plus amenity area at 2.77ha (6.85 acre)

Same scale Overview: Owned by McCarthy and Stone(Developer)

Overview: Owned by Nottinghamshire County Council

This site was previously used for offices but has recently been given permission to be used as residential flats.

Residential development led planning history

The site has approximately 0.339 ha and a narrow point to the South. This means that the space on site is limited and therefore the potential is too. McCarthy and Stone are Proposing Luxury Retirement flats on this site. Opposite this site and along the Trent canal is another site that is to be used for an Assisted living development. Although none of these will have Dementia allocations, this area will have a good catering to Elderly Housing. Therefore the need for another elderly care development in this area cannot be justified.

The site has approximately 6.64 ha (16.4 acre) developable area plus amenity area at 2.77ha (6.85 acre) which gives this site more development potential over site 1.

This site is located within residential development and there are no care homes within 2 miles with dementia care allocations. Therefore, this site makes for a good location of a dementia centre facility and it also has master planning prospects.

Chosen Site: Site 2

• Nottingham Emmanuel school

• The Becket School Areas affected by the scheme

. ROKO

A P P L I C AT I O N S I T E

RUDDINGTON LANE Image © Google Maps 2016 Accessed: 03.05.16

. ASDA

• The West Bridgford School

Image Â© NottsCC 2015 Accessed: 31.10.15

1.1 CONTEXT

1.1.1 MACRO PLAN SHOWING LOCATION LOCATION The site is located in West Bridgford area of Rushcliffe Borough, Nottinghamshire County, East Midlands, England. Nottinghamshire

West Bridgford is a town immediately south of the city of Nottingham, demarcated by the River Trent. It forms a continuous urban area with Nottingham, effectively making it a suburb of the city, as a result, it was chosen as the administrative centre for Nottinghamshire County Council.

West Bridgford is notably different from the other suburbs of Nottingham in a variety of ways. During the Victorian period, Nottingham was growing rapidly, but development in West Bridgford was restricted, because much of the land was owned by the Musters family. After much pressure, the Musters sold land for building, but they applied strict planning regulations to the area then known as the West Bridgford Estate. This estate was planned over a grid of tree-lined streets. The main roads such as Musters Road had restrictions on the density of housing and house sizes; What has resulted from these strict plans is a community that is still very separate from Nottingham.

Image ÂŠ Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

Major Roads

Nottingham City Centre

Wilford Lane leading to Site

West Bridgford City Centre

Site

1.1.2 MAJOR DESTINATIONS MAJOR DESTINATIONS Major Destinations from the site. Victoria Centre

Broad Marsh Bus Station Train Station

1.3.miles

2.9. miles

3.5.mile

Intu Victoria Centre

Nottingham Railway Station

West Bridgford Library

Image Â© Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

1.1.3 CARE HOMES NEARBY CARE HOMES NEARBY There are three care homes with dementia allocations about 3 miles of the site, the closest of the three is a day care centre.

The Service Tree Ltd

3 Leawood Manor Residential Care Home

1.3.miles

2.9. miles

3.5.miles

Care Home Care Home with Dementia allocations Associations with interest in Dementia

Image ÂŠ Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

1.1.4 PUBLIC TRANSPORT Wilford Village stop

ACCESS & MOVEMENT Public Transport The Primary vehicular access to the site is off Wilford Lane. Public transportation links connecting into the site are excellent. All buses and tram go along easy commuters’ link to Victoria centre, Broad marsh bus/and Coach station and Nottingham railway station. The proposed scheme has taken into account the accessible nature of the site, and existing traffic flow of public transport along Wilford Lane. The intention is for the scheme to provide outstanding environment and services and therefore, there is a likelihood that some residence and their families will be travelling from other cities/counties, therefore, a responsive design has been formulated that aims to promote use of public transport, integrating it with a holistic pedestrian strategy.

Wilford Lane stop

Car: Site is close to • A60 • A52 • A6011 • Clifton Boulevard

Buses (every 6 min): • NCT Navy line buses: 1,2,3,4 • Ruddington Connect. Tram (every 10 min): • Clifton central (every 10 min)

KEY

Image © Google Maps 2016 Accessed: 03.05.16

Immediate Site Boundary

NET Tram Stop

NET Tram Route

NCT Stop

Bus Routes & Bus Station

1.1.5 AMENITIES KEY BUILDINGS 1. Nottingham Emmanuel school 2. The Becket School 3. ROKO 4. Nigel Doughty Academy

These buildings are considered key to the scheme as they either bound the site or provide key amenities to the area.

5. David Lloyd WB 6. Rushcliffe Arena 7. ASDA 8. Greythorn Primary School 9. The West Bridgford School

1. Nottingham Emmanuel school

1 5

2. The Becket School

4 Nigel Doughty Academy

3. ROKO

. David Lloyd WB

RUDDINGTON LANE

6 Rushcliffe 7 Arena

7. ASDA

3 7

8 Greythorn Primary School

4 9. The West Bridgford School

Image Â© Google Maps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

8 24

1.1.6 STREET VIEWS

4 2

3 2

8 6

7 3 7

8 Image Â© Google Maps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

1.1.7 USE USE An analysis of the building uses around Wilford Lane show that there are a wide variety of building uses with a mixture of residential, Recreation, Education, and Food/Retail related activities taking place in buildings near to the site. There is also a generous amount of green spaces and allotments used for outdoor activities. The proposal at Wilford Lane seeks to enhance the west Bridgford area and Nottinghamshire as a whole, creating a place that would attract more families into the city and a wider variety of business as a result.

This proposal will not only improve the appeal of the area, but will also influence the face of care in the area especially pertaining to Dementia care.

KEY Application Site Boundary Areas affected by the scheme Residential Recreation

Education Food/Retail

Playing Field Allotment All images from google maps

Image ÂŠ Google Maps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

1.1.8 ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT TOWNSCAPE

INTEGRATION

In the local area surrounding Wilford Lane, the Architecture represented here are mainly for residential purposes. It is observed that there are a mixture of materials commonly used in the design of houses in this area, namely Timber, Brick and Render.

The architectural styles common throughout West Bridgford area are considered in the scheme as well as in the proposal of house types for the entire concept.

http://www.fhpliving.co.uk/news/price-increases-in-west-bridgford-remarkable-says-local-expert/

http://www.enginenews.co.uk/news/8203-west-bridgford-in-notts-wherea-four-bed-semi-sold-for-seven-percent-over-its-asking-price-806647.html

https://www.mccarthyandstone.co.uk/retirement-properties-for-sale/century-court-west-bridgford/

http://www.hutbut.co.uk/properties-to-rent-in-west-bridgford.aspx

Any proposal will need to take the existing architectural context of the wider surrounding

Image ÂŠ Google Maps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

1.2 ANALYSIS

1.2.1 HISTORICAL SITE ANALYSIS 1880

1930

HISTORICAL SITE ANALYSIS In 924, A bridge was built over the Trent at the current Trent Bridge site by King Edward the Elder and became known as the Hethbeth Bridge. By 1086 In the Domesday survey, the village of Bridgford was recorded for the first time as part of the Manor of Clifton.

1970

1990

1880 saw the official opening of Midland Railway’s line from Nottingham to Melton Mowbray. The line had taken 7 years to build following an authorising Act of Parliament in 1872. also in 1880, the first plots of West Bridgford Estate land were offered for housing development by John Chaworth Musters. By 1881 Census showed 293 people living in 55 houses in West Bridgford. 1930 saw a high growth in the West Bridgford area. Census showed 17821 people living in 5065 houses in West Bridgford. In 1935 Edwalton and Wilford were incorporated into West Bridgford Urban District. Amenities such as the a library on the site of the children’s corner of Bridgford Park were built in 1939. By 1970 Rushcliffe Borough Council replaced West Bridgford UDC. New temporary council offices were built on Bridgford Road between Park Av and Stratford Road.

Site History analysis to show Population growth

Image © Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

1990: Gordon Road Primitive Methodist Church demolished and Fountain Court built in its place. The population and growth is at a steady pace.

1.2.2 MICRO SITE ANALYSIS MICRO SITE ANALYSIS Size and Location The application area is approximately 6.64 ha (16.4 acre) developable area plus amenity area at 2.77ha (6.85 acre). The location of the site amongst low, small scale residential properties means that it receives a good measure of sunlight and the cluster of mature trees act as shading and wind brake to the site. The Greythorne Dyke is the nearest surface water feature to the site. It is located to the west of the site flowing from the southwest to north. The dyke feeds into the River Trent through a culvert beneath Wilford Lane along the northern boundary. The Dyke is a Site of Interest to Nature Conservation (SINC) and it has a recorded Class C (fair) water quality.

KEY Retained Land/ Recreation Area Amenity Area Housing Area Surface Water Trees

Traffic noise to site

Image ÂŠ Notts. County Council 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

Site Features SunCal., December

SunCal., July

The Centre of the site is made up of in-filled ground which was later engineered into a PFA ground. There is a strip of Broadleaved Woodland in the centre of the site and which is dense and is it classified as a site of importance to Nature Conservation.

1.2.3 ACCESS TO SITE ACCESS & MOVEMENT (2) There is a covenant on site that allows cyclist and pedestrian to walk/cycle through the site using the cycle paths. A responsive design has been formulated integrating The existing cycle paths with a pedestrian strategy that aims to integrate the community into the scheme.

5. Syon Park Close

2 KEY Retained Land/ Recreation Area Amenity Area

6 2. Compton Acres

3 5

Housing Area Cycle Path Footpath

3. Lydney Park

7. Studland Way

6. Sundridge Park Close

Primary Vehicular Access

Secondary Vehicular Access Site Boundary

Image ÂŠ Notts. County Council 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

1.2.4 FLOOD RISK AND GEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

Flood Risk Key

Image © Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

FLOOD RISK & WATER TABLE The nearest surface water feature to the site is Greythorne Dyke located to the west of the Site flowing from the south-west to north. The dyke is designated as a Site of Interest to Nature Conservation (SINC). This feature is a tributary of the nearby River Trent, which is culverted beneath Wilford Lane close to the former entrance to the site along the northern boundary. Nottingham has a long history of flooding. Currently some 22,000 properties within the city are at risk of flooding. The present defences were constructed during the 1950s. The flood protection to Wilford and Silverdale area in the Nottingham City Council area is The Environment Agency’s “West Bridgford Flood Alleviation Scheme (FAS)” it has a standard of up to 1 in 100 year.

Geology Key • Gunthorpe Member-Mudstone(GUN-MDST)

Special Deposits • Holme Pierrepoint sand and gravel member- sand and grave, (HPSG-XSV) • Alluvium Clay silt. Sand and Gravel (ALVXC2SV) • Head Diamicton (HEAD-DMTN) • Bassingfield Sand and Gravel Member- Sand and Gravel (BASG-XSV)

Artificial Ground • Infilled ground-Artificial Deposit (WMGR-ARTDP)

GEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS The ground make-up of this site is made up of Holme Pierrepoint sand and gravel member and Infilled ground-Artificial Deposit which has been Engineered into a PFA ground making it a very solid ground to build on. There is a strip of Broadleaved Woodland in the centre of the site and which is dense and is it classified as a site of importance to Nature Conservation.

Site Boundary

1.2.5 SETTLEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Geology Key Site Geological Descriptions (England) 2001 Settlements(England)

SETTLEMENT ANALYSIS

Colour

This clearly shows that the surrounding area is richly populated, but also there is an adequate provision of outdoor amenity space. This indicates that the proposal should consider the balance of population to outside space and endeavour to create spaces that promote unity between the two.

Meaning Broadleaved Woodland

Coniferous Woodland Arable and Horticulture Improved Grassland Rough Grassland Neutral Grassland

ENVIRONMANTAL ANALYSIS The site is composed of 3 different environments, Improved Grassland to the North East part, Rough Grasslands to the South West part and a strip of Broadleaved Woodland in the centre of it. The woodland on this site is dense and is classified as a site of importance to Nature Conservation. An established public footpath and cycle path runs along side of the woodlands and this is to be maintained as path of any proposal.

Calcareous Grassland Acid Grassland Fen, Marsh and Swamp

Image ÂŠ Digimaps 2015 Accessed: 05.10.15

Site Boundary

Heather

1.2.6 LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS TREES Ash Crab apple Elm (English) Maple (Field) Oak (English) Willow (Crack) Willow (White)

SHRUBS Blackthorn Greater Nottingham Landscape Character Assessment (2009) TW55 – Trent Washlands Policy Zone 55

SPECIES LIST

Buckthorn (purging) Dogwood (Common)

Trent Washlands County Landscape Character Area

Hawthorn

The following list includes native tree and shrub species that are commonly found within the Trent Washlands County Landscape Character Area and are suitable for inclusion in planting schemes. These are important for determining the area’s regional character. A range of native species may also be appropriate to particular locations or sites and all plant material should be of local provenance or at least of British origin. In this case professional advice has been sought from a Nottinghamshire County Council’s Landscape Architect.

Image © NottsCC 2015 Accessed: 31.10.15

Hawthorn (Midland) Hazel Holly Privet Rosa (Dog)

Botanical name Fraxinus excelsior Malus sylvestris Ulmus minor var. vulgaris Acer campestre Quercus robur Salix fragilis Salix alba

Woodlands

Hedges

■

□

Hedgerow trees ■

□

Botanical name Prunus spinosa Rhamnus cathartica Cornus sanguinea

Woodlands

Hedges

□

Crataegus monogyna Crataegus laevigata Corylus avellana Ilex aquifolium Ligustrum vulgare Rosa canina

■

Wet areas/ streamsides ■

□

■

□

■

□

■

Hedgerows trees

Wet areas/ streamsides

■

□ □

■ □

□

□ □ □

■ Dominant species □ Other species present

1.2.7 UTILITY PLAN A

B B

Environmental Analysis Site The site is composed of 3 different environments, Improved Grassland to the North East part, Rough Grasslands to the South West part and a strip of Broadleaved Woodland in the centre of it.

Image ÂŠ NottsCC 2015 Accessed: 31.10.15

1.2.8 S.W.O.T SUMMARY S - Strengths

W – Weaknesses

• •

•

• • • • •

Excellent links to public transport. Ideal environment, with constant a great mix of population and outdoor amenity spaces. Excellent Education, Retail and Recreation links. Its current location makes it a good Proposition for housing. The woodland property provides beautiful natural landscaping as a template to develop further. The road Primary access to the site is a wide, well connected highway and a key connection point into West Bridgford Town centre and Nottingham City Centre. Great views of natural material as there are no imposing buildings nearby and therefore to threats of overlooking.

• • •

•

The woodland property will provide constraints especially with regards to creating additional primary access onto site. With woodlands come the possibility of endangered species on site which may contribute to delays and additional expenses to the project. Seen as a playing field– people may not like the idea of populating the area. Utilising this site will require master planning due to lack of multiple vehicular entry ways and potential easement issues. Potential cost and time factor of road creation as a pre-construction requirement.

O – Opportunities

T – Threats

•

• • •

• • • • • •

Potential to become more than an Outdoor Amenity space or even just another housing estate– potential to be transformed into an Exclusive Eco community with areas designed to promote healthy behaviour. Potential to become a beautifully landscaped zone & a UK success story. Wide expanse of land allows for the use of shared nodes and better, clearer space designations. Designing the secondary roads within this site to include cycle lanes and vegetation will make it a more lively social space. The Development will create jobs. It will enhance the area by creating an impactful facility to not only affects the immediate community but attracts people from far and wide. Opportunity to promote better healthier lifestyles.

•

Encroaching on Specie habitat Objection from locals causing planning delays. Additional technicalities of structuring the road layout – This makes this a highly intensive project. Constraints involved with designing for Dementia sufferers.

2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY

Biophilia /bʌɪə(ʊ)ˈfɪlɪə/

Noun (according to a theory of the biologist E. O. Wilson, 1984) is an innate and genetically determined affinity of human beings with the natural world.

Does incorporating nature into spaces improve health and How can this be applied to the most vulnerable cases? wellbeing? 1. According to the World Health Organization, mental 1. A study showed that individuals who walked through health disorders and cardiovascular diseases are the forest on average, had salivary cortisol (a stress expected to be the two prime contributing factors to hormone) 13.4-15.8% lower, pulse rate reduced by illnesses worldwide by 2020 (WHO, 2008) and Stress 3.9-6.0%, overall parasympathetic activity-which is a known cause of both mental health disorders and occurs when we feel relaxed- increased by 56.1%, cardiovascular diseases. whereas sympathetic activity-which occurs due to stress-decreased by 19.4% and less systolic blood 2. Based on these research findings, it cannot be pressure compared with those who walked through dismissed that the incorporation of nature into design urban areas. can positively impact mental health by reducing stress. These coupled with other environmental design 2. From an economic angle thatCouncil could be translated into Image © Notts. County principle could be used as a preventive measure as well 2015 cash flow, where applicable, biophilic integration has as a means to significally slow down deteriorative brain Accessed: 03.10.15 been known to affect : diseases. • Retail sales • Illness and absenteeism 3. “The brain is the organ that controls behaviour. Genes control • Violence statistics • Staff retention the blueprint/design and structure of the brain. But • Job performance (mental stress/fatigue) environment can modulate the function of genes and • Healing rates ultimately the structure of the brain.” (Fred “Rusty” Gage, • Classroom learning rates Neuroscientist).

2.1.2 THERAPY BY DESIGN: a non-pharmacological approach The challenging behaviour associated with Dementia often becomes difficult to manage at home or even dangerous to carers, and it is at this point that most people with dementia move to a care facility. Sedatives such as antipsychotic drugs are often administered unnecessarily due to the high demand this behaviour puts on staff. However, research at the University of California (2008) suggests that stress management and reducing the use of some medications could significantly stall the deterioration of patients (LaFerla, 2008). The design of supportive environments could play a key role in stress reduction and thus improve quality of life. Anne Kapf (2008), in a booklet entitled 'Design for Dementia- A visual snapshotâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC; documents in sketch form what is described as the benefits of a sensual environment as promoting seeing, hearing, touching and smelling. Keywords: Antipsychotics, Unnecessarily, Stress-Management , Stall, Deterioration, Supportive, Environments.

40 Figure 1_Cover image of 'Design for Dementia- A visual snapshot' showing examples of thumbnail sketches used to visually document the research process

2.1.3 THERAPY BY DESIGN: a non-pharmacological approach The Opportunity for change:

33%

Of people think that shops and local businesses would benefit in areas where people with dementia were supported to be more involved in their local Think that dementia-friendly community areas would be nicer places for everyone to live

47%

3% Think that people with dementia donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have anything to offer their communities

74% Think supporting people top be a part of the community would help reduce stigma

40% Think everyone has a role to play to support people with dementia in their community

Source: YouGov

Image Courtesy of:

Image ÂŠ Alzheimer.org.uk 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.1.4 NEW MODEL

New Model: One Solution

Image Courtesy of:

Image Â© Plan B 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.2 QUESTIONNAIRES

2.2.1 QUESTIONNAIRE Below are two Individuals that were interviewed for their knowledge and experience in dealing with dementia patients. Lorena Alvarez worked as a nurse’s assistant in a retire homes for 2 years, now she works as a registered nurse in a neurology department and comes across various forms of dementia.

Do you believe dementia care building design can help patients and carers? How? A good, well thought environment can as well give economical benefits in terms of less hospital admissions.

Absolutely…. A well design environment can contribute to the feeling of home, making it easy for the elderly to move freely,…and can help the staff to work ergonomically reducing the effects of hard physical work.

Viv worked in homecare and care homes for about 4years, looking after elderly persons with physical needs. She then looked after her mum for 2 years who suffered from vascular dementia.

Most patients suffering from dementia have a hard time eating and drinking, a calm, home-like environment and the option to make the meals a social encounter or a private time will help the caregiver make sure they get the nutrients and the fluids they need.

Do you believe current design of dementia buildings is thorough and suitable for everyday challenges? If now, why? What can be done to improve this?

Unfortunately not, I'm afraid. A lot of the buildings I have worked and visit are beautiful architectural pieces, but they are not suitable for the elderly. Most of the times the bathrooms are small with no space for rollators, wheelchairs… • •

I worked in one that was supposedly designed for dementia patients- unfortunately I was constantly lost, and often found myself helping people find their rooms !!!.

It is very common to see changes in the colours on the floors… Shiny floors also..

A way to improve this is to consult experts in care of patients suffering from dementia and having them as a source of consult through the entire design process.

As a caregiver I see that unfortunately there is no consultation to experts and workers when it comes to designing care facilities and hospitals, which has led to the need to rebuild and adapt the buildings to the needs of patients, resulting in extra costs and of course, discomfort to patients and staff.

The layout needs to be simple, with open plan spaces so patients can be seen/monitored, not buildings with lots of confined corridors and spaces

2.2.2 QUESTIONNAIRE How do your feel about incorporating natural environments into the design for dementia care homes (i.e. Living wall, lots of natural light, colour stimulation)? Incorporating natural environments can be very positive, for example, it has been proven that having access to a garden and gardening activities can be very stimulating and entertaining for some elderly.

I am afraid your examples are not the most recommended for dementia sufferers. In early stages these stimuli can be ok, but as the disease progresses, and depending on the type of dementia, living walls or colour stimulation can be extremely negative, causing hallucinations (as in the case of Lewy Body dementia, alcohol induced dementia and in some cases even vascular dementia) or even seizures.

Having dog visits usually is a positive experience and contributes to the well being of these group of people.

Many patients with dementia enjoy music a lot, those who played instruments usually have these abilities and feel stimulated and happy to be able to do something.

Natural light is always preferred over artificial, as long as the glasses don't go from the floor to the roof since this can be the cause of accidents. Most of the elderly have also impaired vision and they don't see the glass many times, causing them to walk right to it.

How important do you think outside space is to Dementia sufferers? Do you feel accessible outside space should be incorporated in Dementia care design? What are the challenges carers face in outdoors spaces?

Access to garden and patios is very positive, both from a psychological and a physical point of view. As I mentioned before, gardening activities use to be appreciated.

All the people I have known with dementia enjoyed being outdoors, listening and seeing birds ,flowers, children playing, using the senses they have not lost.

It should be accessible and the freedom to go out when they want is soothing and gives them a feeling of still being in control of their activities and their lives.

These outdoor spaces should keep the same recommendations as the indoors, no change in colour on the floor, no different levels, easy recognizable and probably high flowerbeds

I feel a safe outdoor area with seats, nice smells etc is very important as they get a lot of pleasure from this.

The challenges in outdoor spaces are preventing falls and preventing runaways, many patients with dementia have propensity to run away and are found miles away from home with no clothes and completely disoriented. The outdoor space should be accessible for those with rollators and those on wheelchairs as well.

2.2.3 SUMMARY

•

Incorporating natural environments can be very positive

•

They prefer home-like environment

•

simple layouts with open plan spaces are advised

•

Access to garden and patios is very positive

•

outdoor spaces should minimise falls and runaways

•

Natural light is always preferred over artificial

•

Many patients with dementia enjoy music

•

Having dog visits usually is a positive experience and contributes to the well being

2.3 CASE STUDIES

2.3.1 CASE STUDY 1 Local Authority / Social Services: Norfolk County Council Type of Service: Care Home only (Residential Care) – Privately Owned , 88 residents Design: •

Designed so that residents can live in small communities.

•

There are 6 areas in the home with a maximum of 15 rooms in each area.

•

Advice from Stirling University, world-renowned experts in the design of buildings for people living with dementia

Outside Spaces •

Gardens have nice smelling plants and flowers, to stimulate all senses.

•

Pathways planned to avoid confusion and frustration for residents.

•

A large roof terrace with comfortable chairs and good shaded areas

Rooms and Communal Areas: •

Café area near to the main reception.

•

There is a salon which is perfect for pampering

•

All communal lounges overlook the landscaped gardens.

•

There is a ‘quiet’ room for residents

•

Each area has its own dining room

http://www.carehome.co.uk/carehome.cfm/searchazref/65432205161

*Care Quality Commission (CQC) is responsible for the registration and inspection of social care services in England

Things that could be improved • •

Having “15 rooms” per wing still lacks that intimacy of a home.

48 There will be difficulty in managing behavioural clashes with such numbers.

2.3.2 CASE STUDY 2 Local Authority / Social Services: Derbyshire County Council Type of Service: Care Home only (Residential Care) Dementia • Old Age – Local Authority Owned , 32 En-suite Rooms Design: • Designed to work in harmony with the public, specialist therapeutic and private living areas, all of which have been designed to be dementia friendly. • Centre will be a hub for the local community with services developed to meet the needs of the communities it serves. • Advice from Stirling University, world-renowned experts in the design of buildings for people living with dementia Outside Spaces • Gardens are raised to be accessible and all plants are edible for residents safety • Pathways planned to avoid confusion and frustration for residents. • A large roof terrace with comfortable chairs and good shaded areas Rooms and Communal Areas: • Café area beside the main reception. • There is a salon which is perfect for pampering • Communal lounges overlook the landscaped gardens. • There is a theme room for residents’ nurturing • Each area has its own dining room Things that could be improved: Images: http://www.frankshawassociates.co.uk/portfolio_page/the-staveley-centre/ http://www.pwp-ltd.co.uk/project-profiles/staveley-community-care-centre



Health beds for acute dementia care is located upstairs with day/respite centre. This presents a challenge to the carers as they would prefer them closer to dementia care

49 with Some difficulty in managing behavioural clashes larger number community.

2.3.3 PRECEDENT Aarhus Proton Therapy Centre, Denmark

Chrysalis Childcare Centre by Collingridge And Smith Architects

http://www.collingridgeandsmitharchitects.com/chrysalis-childcare-centre/ http://www.archdaily.com/772763/denmarks-revolutionary-aarhus-proton-therapy-center Copelands Dementia and Nursing Care, Millisle

50 http://www.rpparchitects.co.uk/portfolio/portfolio/copelands-dementia-nursing-care-millisle/

2.3.4 SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS Research Stages

Research Find

Ways of Execution

Stage 1

Biophilia (light, Plants)

Through Materials, Glazing and Plantings.

Define the centre

Paths should lead to centre. The centre should be defined. Atrium can be used to define the centre and a mixture of natural materials can be used to define central space and could be used as a visual pulling force to calm residence.

Stage 2

Sense of Place

Creating wings will form smaller communities in a large scale model. Spaces should be flexible so that they can be personalised.

Legibility in design

Design spaces that are easy to navigate. Viewers should be able to see destination from the start. Consider Lynch’s navigation theory.

Creating wings will form smaller communities in a large scale model.

Wing

•

Centre

Wing

• •

Paths should lead to centre, They should be glazed to allow them to be see through for easy navigation Signs and labels to be used to make wayfinding easy.

The centre should be defined. Atrium can be used to define the centre and a mixture of natural materials can be used to define central space and could be used as a visual pulling force to calm residence.

• •

Sensory experience, raised for accessibility. Outside spaces to be enclosed to tackle comment from interview “The challenges in outdoor spaces are preventing falls and preventing runaways..”

2.4 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

2.4.1 INITIAL SKETCHES (Concept 1)

Enclose space for better security? Wing

Wing

Centre

Wing

Problem: ‘SIZE’. This approach would have resulted in around 10 rooms per wing. This did not coincide with the vision of the project as these numbers will not achieve the level of community INTIMACY intended.

2.4.2 INITIAL SKETCHES (Concept 2) Home

Home Create a visual Barrier with hedges Home

Centre

Home

Problem: â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;SAFETYâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. Still convinced that there are more effective ways of completely securing the area without the excessive use of boundaries so that the residents can view this as home instead of a care institution. Also research shows that the outside spaces in about 85% of care homes are hardly used due to insufficient staffing to facilitate the safety of residents using the space( CQC, quoted @ Altro Dementia CPD), therefore finding a way to completely SECURE the area will help to combat this issue.

2.4.3 EXPLORING THE FORM USING ORGANIC SHAPES (Conpt. 3)

#Biomimicry Honey comb

Image Â© dementiapartnerships.com 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.4.4 EXPLORING THE FORM USING ORGANIC SHAPES (Conpt. 4) Healthy Brain

Severe Dementia (Alzheimer's)

Brain with severe Alzheimer's Disease (Dementia)

#Biomimicry

WING WING

WING

Image Â© Neurosciencenews.com, 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

WING WING

WING

2.4.5 DEVELOPING CONCEPT 4

The Unit

The Whole

Home

The Group

The Centre

Rule 1: Even distribution of sizes and usage around the site. The Link

Colour coded

Rule 7: links lead to the centre

2.4.6 “A NEW THEORY OF URBAN DESIGN” (1987) ‘Every new act of construction has just one basic obligation: it must create a continuous structure of wholes around itself’ (Alexander, C et al., 1987,pg.16).

The Unit

A New Theory of Urban Design (1987) The scheme considers the minute pieces of the concept by making sure it not only works independently but when coupled together it produces a unique relationship. Based on Christopher Alexanders Theory of Urban Design, a set of 7 Rules are offered to promote the idea of wholeness within an urban environment, a summary of these rules are listed below:

The Whole Entrance

Each unit represents A Home

Sub Rules: 1. Piecemeal Growth 2. The growth of larger wholes 3. Visions 4. The basic rule of positive urban space 5. Layout of large Buildings 6. Construction 7. Formation of Centres (see appendix 1 for further explanations of the sub rules)

The Centre

The Group Rule 1: Even distribution of sizes and usage around the site.

The scheme also considers Kevin Lynch’s navigation theory as documented in ‘The Image of the City’. Here the units represent the edges, the shared internal gardens are the nodes as they will be meeting points. The Centre may be viewed as a landmark in this instance because it can be seen from all edges while the links or paths lead to wonderful new destinations for a holistic way finding experience. The Link Rule 7: links lead to the centre

CARE UNIT: A number of resident bedrooms which have their dining area, lounge, kitchen, bathing and activities area for daily living within the care unit or in close proximity to provide the environment of a large family home. CARE GROUP: Two or more care units with similar care needs that may share some areas for daily living, generally combined for staffing efficiencies. CARE CENTRE: The central location within the facility for staff to carry out residents health care planning and monitor building security and nurse call systems. CARE STATION: The central location within a care unit or group which will provide space for staff to carry out administrative duties in private yet remain in close observational contact with residents.

2.4.7 TACKLING PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGES THROUGH DESIGN Indoor Spaces Incorporating glazed facades and using natural materials such as Timber and soft planting in the scheme will allow residents to benefit from Biophilic effects. Sales Office

Circulation Space (Café, Lounge, Visiting area)

Lavender Raised Garden

http://www.archdaily.com/772763/denmarks-revolutionaryaarhus-proton-therapy-center

Horticultural Garden

Alzheimer's Soc. Office

Timber Mixed Garden/Court

Outside Space

http://www.archdaily.com/772763/denmarks-revolutionaryaarhus-proton-therapy-center

Dementia

There is ample provision of outside spaces in this Scheme to support physical outdoor activities such as gardening and walking. Past research shown in literature review has revealed that people with dementia who frequently engaged with the outdoors showed signs of: • Improved sleep • Improved dietary intake • Improved activity and exercise levels • Improved awareness - Multi-sensory engagement and associated joy • Increased verbal expression • Improvement in memory. Mapes (2011)

Respite/day Wing Dementia Wing Acute Dementia Wing Activity Room Staff care station Glazing

2.4.8 ARCHITECTURAL INSPIRATION: organic modernism Organic architecture is a philosophy of architecture which promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world through design approaches. Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) American architect, interior designer, writer, and educator; Wright designed more than 1,000 structures, 532 of which were completed. His philosophy of organic architecture (which has affected this project) was based on his belief that structures should be designed in harmony with humanity and its environment. This philosophy is best exemplified by Fallingwater (1935), a building which has been called "the best all-time work of American architecture“ (Brewster, 2004). Wright led “the Prairie School movement of architecture” and developed his unique vision for urban planning in the United States called “the concept of the Usonian home”. Many examples of this work are in Buffalo, New York as a result of his friendship with Darwin D. Martin, an executive of the Larkin Soap Company. Wright designed the Larkin Administration Building (completed in 1904, demolished in 1950). Frederick Robie House in Chicago and the Avery and Queene Coonley House in Riverside, Illinois are some of his works considered to be masterpieces of the late Prairie Period (1907–2000). Frank Lloyd Wright was an architect for about 70 years and in 1991, he was recognised by the American Institute of Architects as "the greatest American architect of all time"

Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho (1907 –2012) Born December 15, 1907, Oscar Niemeyer, as he was known (Brazilian Portuguese), was a Brazilian architect who is considered to be one of the key figures in the development of modern architecture. Niemeyer was best known for his design of civic buildings for Brasília, a planned city that became Brazil's capital in 1960, also for his collaboration with other architects on the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. He was highly influential in the late 20th and early 21st centuries for his exploration of the aesthetic possibilities of reinforced concrete Niemeyer was hailed and criticized for being a "sculptor of monuments",[1] He said his architecture was strongly influenced by Le Corbusier, but in an interview, assured that this "didn't prevent [his] architecture from going in a different direction".[3] Niemeyer was most famous for his use of abstract forms and curves and wrote in his memoirs: “I am not attracted to straight angles or to the straight line, hard and inflexible, created by man. I am attracted to free-flowing, sensual curves. The curves that I find in the mountains of my country, in the sinuousness of its rivers, in the waves of the ocean, and on the body of the beloved woman. Curves make up the entire Universe, the curved Universe of Einstein.”[4] In 1988, at 81, Niemeyer was awarded the Pritzker Architecture Prize, architecture's most prestigious award. Over a career of 78 years he designed approximately 600 projects. Niemeyer died in Rio de Janeiro on December 5, 2012.

Aerial photo of Taliesin, Spring Green, Wisconsin

Fallingwater, Mill Run, Pennsylvania (1937)

The Robie House on the University of Chicago campus

The Robie House, with its soaring, cantilevered roof lines, supported by a 110-foot-long (34 m) channel of steel

"Palacio da Alvorada Exterior" by Palácio do Planalto. Licensed under Attribution via Commons

most famous for his use of abstract forms and curves

2.4.8 THINKING ABOUT MATERIALS…. ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER? 1. METRICS / MODULE 2. GEOMETRY 3. MASS PROPORTION 4. PALETTE 5. TEXTURE 6. DETAILS

Opportunity to demonstrate these in the scheme because of the type of site to be used and the nature of the project.

Texture: Brick for a mix of materials

Nature: Glulam Beams

Site Context: Woodland and Grassland PALETTE: Natural/Nature inspired Materials

Light: Curtain wall system

EXTERIOR

INTERIOR

Image © Notts. County Council 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.4.9 INITIAL PLANS (ATTEMPT 1 OF 3) Respite/day Wing Dementia Wing Acute Dementia Wing Activity Room Staff care station Glazing

2.4.10 INITIAL ELEVATIONS (ATTEMPT 1 OF 3)

North

South

East

West Problem: Too Organic? To effectively demonstrate the use of geometry it was felt that some angles should be incorporated to make the design more dynamic.

2.4.11SECOND PLANS (ATTEMPT 2 OF 3)

2.4.12 SECOND ELEVATIONS (ATTEMPT 2 OF 3) Unit colour coded on the exterior faces to enhance way finding

Problem: A preferred approach but this will need to be developed further...

2.5 BROAD DESIGN VISION

2.5.1 DESIGN VISION A COMMUNITY IN THE COMMUNITY

Secure

Creating Connections Community

Wellbeing

2.5.2 INITIAL MASTERPLAN IDEAS 1

Image Â© Notts. County Council 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.5.3 DEVELOPING THE DESIGN BASED ON RESEARCH FINDING Rule 2: Offers room for continuous growth There is ample space on site for further development. A hydro-therapy pool facility is advised to add to the facilities on offer and it can be leased to members of the public.

Pedestrian/cycle path with easement

Middle Strip is classified as Broadleaved Woodlands As the main access is off Wilford Lane, Utilizing the immediate site alone would result in difficulty accessing the Dementia facility not to talk of additional easement Issues. For this Reason there has been attempts to masterplan the areas affected by the scheme. The master planning exercise is very much suggestive and as such only the Dementia Centre is contained within the planning application.

Rule 5: Determine the main direction of approach. • Gated access onto site defines the frontage • Woodland Plants and Hedge rows to cover/ soften parking area

Rule 3: using instinct and inspiration to develop a vision that instigates emotion Sensory Garden: • A raised platform for DDA accessibility and ease . • All plants are edible for residents safety • There will be a range of plants for smell, touch and sound stimulation

Rule 4: Encourages movement and interaction through site, thereby increasing the overall quality of the area and a sense of community pride and positivity Proposed cycle path to connect with existing. Will be open to members of the public or closed off for residence activity day. (view appendix 2 for further explanation if rules)

Rule 4: Public open-spaces that link to project Little pockets of play area strategically placed so residence can view children playing.

Rule 6: Building materials and feature link the surroundings Timber, stone and brick as well as ample glazing, are chosen to tie into the immediate context of the site

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.4 ZONING EXERCISE ZONING • Zone 1: Housing There have been attempts to masterplan the rest of the site predominantly for residential purposes. The local vernacular use a combination of timber, render and brick palettes; also the site posses some woodland properties and these have been considered in looking for suitable house types. • Zone 2: Farmer’s Market Proposed is a Farmers’ market to give this eco community a more intimate take on growing produce. This will be something unique to the area and everyone will be encouraged to participate. • Zone 3: Day Recreation Centre The proposed recreation centre will allow members of this estate, as well as visitors to participate in social games. Again, this has been designed to promote a healthy life-style amongst the Residents of the Wilford Lane Estate. • Zone 4: Dementia Centre This is the main hub of the Centre where administrative work is done and first time residents and visitors are received. Here the residents will enjoy Amenities such as gym, cinema, library, I.T facilities as well a multi-use studio for art and craft, dancing and other activities. There is also a lounge and café for entertaining visiting family. • Zone 4b: Unit The units which are in fact little homes with a community of 6 people in each, will benefit from natural day lighting as a result of the abundant use of glazing. This will allow it to be naturally illuminated during daylight hours. Cosy Winterstyle lounge with kitchenette and fire places and Breezy summer-time conservatory makes it homey and with the correct use of thermal massing within the development it will also reduce the need for mechanical heating. • Zone 5: Dementia Centre Landscaping There are enclosed gardens shared between 2 units with similar care need (care group). The gardens will have raised planters which will contain different textured scented herds that have. All herbs will be edible for residents safety. The natural Landscape of the site will allow the development to dwell within country surrounding but with perks of city amenities within reach. More Planting will be added to this to enhance the already rich population of trees. There is a proposed cycle path to join with one already existing on the wider site, this can be open to the public. There will also be little pockets of play areas for strolling families to be encouraged to use the space and of course this is all to the viewing pleasure of the residents as they feel integrated into the community.

2 1

3 4

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.5 MASTERPLAN: ZONE 1 Zone 1: Housing

Zone 3: Housing

http://riversleighbyprospect.co.uk/properties/

There have been attempts to masterplan the rest of the site predominantly for residential purposes. The local vernacular use a combination of timber, render and brick palettes; also the site posses some woodland properties and these have been considered in looking for suitable house types.

1 http://www.jtp.co.uk/projects/queen-elizabeth-park

However if the scheme were to progress further, there would be attempts to design bespoke housing types to suit the nature of the site.

http://www.jtp.co.uk/projects/queen-elizabeth-park

http://www.bovishomes.co.uk/newhomes-on-sandbach/the-oxford?hse=p508

http://albemarlehomes.co.uk/

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.6 MASTERPLAN: ZONE 2 Zone 4: Farmer’s Market

Zone 2: Farmer’s Market

Proposed is a Farmers’ market to give this eco community a more intimate take on growing produce. This will be something unique to the area and everyone will be encouraged to participate.

PRECEDENT: Torvehallerne Market, Copenhagen

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.7 MASTERPLAN: ZONE 3 Zone 3: Day Recreation Centre

Zone 3: Day Recreation Centre

http://dufferinbot.ca/dufferin/recreation-leisure/

The proposed recreation centre will allow members of this estate, as well as visitors to participate in social games. Again, this has been designed to promote a healthy life-style amongst the Residents of the Wilford Lane Estate.

Centre Dufferin Recreation Complex, CN http://www.nottinghampost.com/Tennis-club-s-pound-50k-revamp/story-26718060detail/story.html

Magdala Tennis Club, in Mapperley Park

West Bridgford tennis club http://www.westbridgfordtennisclub.co.uk/may-2016-newsletter/

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.8 MASTERPLAN: ZONE 4 Zone 4: Dementia Centre Atrium/Communal break-out space

Zone 4: Dementia Centre Administrative block

This is the main hub of the Centre where administrative work is done and first time residents and visitors are received.

Own Concept

Atrium with Vines

Roof garden

Here the residents will enjoy Amenities such as gym, cinema, library, I.T facilities as well a multiuse studio for art and craft, dancing and other activities. There is also a lounge and cafĂŠ for entertaining visiting family. Amenities

S H O P

Sketch of NTSU building http://www.talkingretail.com/tag/little-waitrose/

shop

H A I R

https://thehairandcareproject.wordpress.com/posts/

http://www.rempods.co.uk/rem_rooms.html

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.9 MASTERPLAN: ZONE 4b Zone 4b: Care Unit

Zone 4b: Care Unit The units which are in fact little homes with a community of 6 people in each, will benefit from natural day lighting as a result of the abundant use of glazing. This will allow it to be naturally illuminated during daylight hours.

http://www.archdaily.com/772763/denmarks-revolutionaryaarhus-proton-therapy-center

Based on research findings Creating wings will form smaller communities in a large scale model.

Wing Wing

• •

Wing

Centre Wing

Wing Wing

•

Paths should lead to centre, They should be glazed to allow them to be see through for easy navigation Signs and labels to be used to make wayfinding easy.

Sensory experience, raised for accessibility. Outside spaces to be enclosed to tackle comment from interview “The challenges in outdoor spaces are preventing falls and preventing runaways..”

Cosy Winter-style lounge with kitchenette and fire places and Breezy summer-time conservatory makes it homey and with the correct use of thermal massing within the development it will also reduce the need for mechanical heating.

Lounge ideas https://www.pinterest.com/sunrisesrliving/designi ng-for-seniors/

Conservatory ideas http://www.dorothyhugheshouse.org/accommodation.html

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

2.5.10

MASTERPLAN: ZONE 5

Zone 5: Dementia Centre Landscaping

Zone 5: Dementia Centre Landscaping There are enclosed gardens shared between 2 units with similar care need (care group). The gardens will have raised planters which will contain different textured scented herds that have. All herbs will be edible for residents safety.

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2014/05/kid_play_zones_in_parks_ leave_no_trace_inhibits_fun_and_bonding_with_nature.html

Internal Garden shared by 2 units with similar care needs

http://www.archdaily.com/772763/denmarks-revolutionary-aarhus-proton-therapy-center

Existing Trees on Site

Proposed Trees

The natural Landscape of the site will allow the development to dwell within country surrounding but with perks of city amenities within reach. More Planting will be added to this to enhance the already rich population of trees. There is a proposed cycle path to join with one already existing on the wider site, this can be open to the public. There will also be little pockets of play areas for strolling families to be encouraged to use the space and of course this is all to the viewing pleasure of the residents as they feel integrated into the community.

2.5.11 Ash (Fraxinus Excelsior)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fraxinus_excel sior_tree3.jpg

Oak (English) (Quercus robur) http://davesgarden.com/guides/pf/showimage/177174/#b

PROPOSED TREES OF NATIVE SPECIES Crab apple (Malus sylvestris)

https://davisla.wordpress.com/2014/05/19/malus-john-downie/

Elm (English) (Ulmus minor var. vulgaris)

http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?p=101087927

Willow (Crack) (Salix fragilis) http://www.essungaplantskola.se/kategori/alla-vaxter/produkt-salix-fragilis-bullata.aspx?ls=A

Maple (Field) (Acer campestre)

http://www.landford-trees.co.uk/page1.htm

Willow (White) (Salix alba) http://koju.de/sortimentshop/laubgehoelze/602/salix-alba-tristis-resistenta

2.5.12 STREET DESIGN Urban Design Guide -Street Design Specification

STREET DESIGN Material

Location

URL

City Paving â&#x20AC;&#x201C;Ultrapave

General paving - used on streets with high pedestrian flow with restricted vehicular access.

http://www.aggregate.com/produ cts-and-services/commercialhard-landscaping/paving/pavingflags/ultrapave/#

Beta Low Chamfer Contemporary Block Paving

One way road / Public transport only through route

http://www.brettpaving.co.uk/co mmercial/block-paving/beta-1/

Grass Flow

Parking

http://www.brettpaving.co.uk/co mmercial/machine-lay/grassflow-1/

Silhouette Granite Cobblestones

Pedestrian crossing points

http://www.sareenstone.com.au/ products/cobblestones/silhouett e-granite

Yorkstone

Pedestrian

http://www.brettpaving.co.uk/co mmercial/natural-stone1/yorkstone/

Tactile Flag Paving

Used to indicate crossing

http://www.brettpaving.co.uk/co mmercial/flag-paving/tactile/

Granite: Only used in prestigious locations such as squares and spaces Yorkstone: Only used where the streets are fronted by old and architecturally distinguished buildings made from natural materials City Paving: used on streets with high pedestrian flow with restricted vehicular access and in regeneration areas.

2.6 STANDARD DOCUMENTS

2.6.1 STANDARD DOCUMENT “The Dementia Services Development Centre's design audit tool contains a series of resources for carrying out self-assessment of environments that are used by people with dementia. It is suitable for refurbishment projects or new buildings, and is relevant across a range of settings including day centres, wards, care homes and medical centres. The design audit tool will help identify areas for improvement, and can be used to prepare for the formal design audit certificate process. Areas covered by the audit tool include: entrance, corridors, way finding and lifts; lounge areas; dining rooms; meaningful occupation and activity; examination rooms; hairdressing rooms; en-suite provisions; communal toilets/bathrooms; external areas; general principles.” Based on the guidelines provided, these 7 basic categories of design principles have been drawn up : 1. 2.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Image © Stirling University 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

Room/space adjacencies Visibility/permeability Sensory enhancement: Visual Interpretation Way marking/navigation Scale Privacy/sociability Easily accessible outdoor space

80 Image: http://communicationscollective.com.au/navigating-home-designing-for-dementia/

2.6.2 ROOM/SPACE ADJACENCIES 

Visual Linkages e.g. lounge/dining/kitchen



Bedroom En-suite / shower/W.C visible from bed



Separate services zone



Indoor-outdoor links



Toilet accessibility



Corridors should lead somewhere (kitchen, Library) as opposed to nowhere to help a wondering resident remember/engage in an activity.

Altro Dementia CPD, @ NCC 2015

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.6.3 VISIBILITY/PERMEABILITY •

Well-lit entrances.

•

Good access especially for those with physical and mobility problems.

•

Open planning and Appropriate eye level (desk).

•

Use of glazed screens.

•

Avoid directly facing bedroom doors

•

Improved lighting.

•

Strong wall paper to be avoided

Altro Dementia CPD, @ NCC 2015

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.6.4 SENSORY ENHANCEMENT: VISUAL INTERPRETATION Wet Floor!

Stairs

(Vision – the ageing eye)

Pick up Coins

Obstacle Course

•

Loss of visual acuity

•

Lower contrast sensitivity

•

Poorer colour vision

•

Less spatial awareness

•

Poorer perception of depth

•

Reduced ability to differentiate textures

•

Shiny surfaces appearing wet

•

Patterned surfaces cause illusions

•

Dark, light tonal differences and shadows appear to be holes

•

Reduced ability to see depth, when surfaces are dark or unclear

•

Reduced ability to process multiple elements to interpret an image

Keep going. No line

•

Mind your step

Visuospatial issues – difficulty seeing in 3D, rooms appear flat

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15



Images:



A. http://angelssteammasters.com/services/tile-cleaning/



b. Altro Dementia CPD

2.6.5 WAY-MARKING/NAVIGATION

•

Landmark objects

•

Signage (1.1m-1.4m high),

Personalization, Colour

Altro Dementia CPD, @ NCC 2015

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15

2.6.6 SCALE

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15

•

Domestic/Non-institutional

•

Manageable scale

2.6.7 PRIVACY/SOCIABILITY

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15

•

Sequence public/private

•

Separate living space from services

•

Define the ‘front’ door

•

Personal possessions

2.6.8 EASILY ACCESSIBLE OUTDOOR SPACES •

Secure outside space

•

Functional use of outside space through proper design

•

Human scale that allow for neighbourly socialising as well as personal use.

•

Image © Altro Dementia CPD 2014 Accessed: 03.10.15

Raised Planters for accessibility to all

2.7 COMPLIANCE DOCUMENTS

2.7.1 COMPLIANCE DOCUMENTS

FOORTPRINT ASSESSMENT 1. Health, Happiness and Wellbeing

Green

Amber

1. More Consultations with Local Representative essential to introduce scheme, talk about needs and tie bond with community

3. Environmental Sustainability

2. Regeneration

Green

Amber

2. Area surrounding site is quite developed with ample amenities, never the less scheme to develop more â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;in-Houseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; amenities to satisfy immediate need

Green

Red

Amber

3. Scheme to strengthen sustainability strategy and look for more cost effective ways to further reduce waste.

4. Urban Design

Green

Red

Amber

4. Involve Local People with environmental design to get thought and opinions for better scheme.

2.2.2 CDM CONSIDERATIONS DESCRIPTION

RISK

Pre-construction Information

All Parties involved in the build process must be well informed of their role and hazards involved.

Risky Behaviour due to ignorance and time and cost implications to Project.

The C.A who is the CDM co-ordinator should make sure of the availability of necessary documents at the start of all projects.

Pedestrian Activity

Pedestrians walking unto site unprotected

Risk of serious injuries or death.

Site should be well protected at all times and only well kitted personnel should be allowed unto site

Excavation of basements and foundation

Potential Site contamination

Contamination causing serious health risks to workers

Full soil analysis and De-contamination to be carried out before any work on site

Access To and From Site

No proper roads, Single access, condition of ground and Heavy vehicles

Sinking of vehicle as there are no proper roads on site.

Road to be formed before building works commence on site.

Waste Control

Waste from construction materials

Tripping hazards that cause potentially serious injuries

Site manager should make sure site is kept sanitised.

Image © Notts. County Council 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

SOLUTION

DUTIES OF DESIGNERS - CHECKLIST (CDM 2015) The designers' duties on all construction projects are to: • Ensure that the client is aware of the client's duties prior to commencing any design work. • Ensure that personnel allocated to their design team from internal resources are competent and adequately resourced. • Ensure that any designers or contractors that are engaged on the project are competent and adequately resourced. • Ensure that the design and the designers' duties are complied with by any designers engaged by them, including any designers who are based outside Great Britain. • Eliminate or reduce safety and health risks to constructors, users, maintainers, repairers, commissioners, testers, cleaners, demolishers, etc. when preparing the design. • Co-operate and communicate with other designers, including temporary works designers, to ensure adequate co-ordination of the design. • Provide information about the risks which cannot be satisfactorily addressed by their designs to the client, other designers and contractors.

2.7.2 SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGY AND VALUE ENGINEERING SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGY SOCIAL Activity space where residents can mingle with the community.

ECONOMIC

VALUE ENGINEERING ECOLOGY

Offices available in scheme for adult care workers, finance workers, food nutritionists, medical practitioners etc.

Felling of Trees avoided where possible to preserve site woodland properties.

Proposed cycle path to run through site an can be open to public.

Seminar spaces for lectures and workshops

Planting of additional trees to support Woodland Habitat

There are great transport links to site, but also a shuttle bus which is proposed to accommodate first time visitors.

The Scheme aims to be sustainable in waste reduction and recycle where necessary

Internal sensory Gardens with all edible plants for Health and well-being and safety to inhabitants.

The designers' duties on all construction projects are to make sure that the project is running according to plan, cost and time. It is also very important for the C.A of any project to find ways to make the project as cost effective as possible by finding ways to keep the stay in budget or better still under budget. Total Area

Total Cost

Altro Blue Carpets

1108m2

£108.5/m2

£120,218.

Polyfloor blue carpets

1108m2

£85.3/m2

£105,592.4

SAVINGS: £ 14, 625.6 (0.1%)

Altro Blue Carpets

Image © Notts. County Council 2015 Accessed: 03.10.15

Cost per m2

Polyfloor Blue Carpets

2.7.3 THE NEXT STEP

•

Finalise the Masterplan

•

Consider Standard Documents regulations on internal design Spec.

•

Define the internal space provision

•

Choose material palette that conform with standard dementia design

•

Begin Technical Drawing

•

Prepare Drawings for Building Regulations

•

Look into I.T provisions for care unit

•

Planning application within Construction Tech Portfolio

TECHNICAL DETAILING

3.1 FINAL MASTERPLAN

Nottingham City Centre West Bridgford,

95 â&#x20AC;&#x153;a site of importance to Nature Conservation.â&#x20AC;?

3.2 TECHNICAL DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT

3.2.1 TUTORIAL COMMENTS INCORPORATED

3.2.2 DETAIL PRACTICE- ROOF AND FOUNDATION

3.2.3 DETAIL PRACTICE- FLOOR PLAN

3.2.4 DETAIL PRACTICE- FOUNDATION PLAN

100

3.2.5 DETAIL PRACTICE- GREEN ROOF PLAN

101

3.2.5 DRAWINGS ISSUED CLIENT: NOTTINGHAMSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL PROJECT: The Machaseh Centre, Wilford lane Description: Care Housing/Hospitality Job no: MSP-04 Issue Date: 02-06 2016

STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

DETAILS AND SECTIONS

AS100- Centre-Foundation set out

A108- Section A-A

AS101- Unit- Foundation set out

A109- Detail 1

AS102- 3D structural model

A110- Detail 2

FINAL PLANS

A111- Section B-B (showing green roof)

AB102- Ground Floor Plan

A112- Detail 3

AB103- First Floor Plan

A113- Detail 4

AB104- Second Floor Plan

B104- Unit-Section

B100- Unit- Ground Floor Plan

B105- Unit- Details 1 and 2

B101- Unit- Roof Plan

SERVICES AND FIRE STRATEGY

ELEVATIONS

B102- Unit- Ground Floor (Fire Exit strategy)

AB105- Elevations (North and South)

B103- Unit- Ground Floor (Ventilation-heating and cooling)

AB106- Elevations (East and West)

B103b- Breathable Building System RENDERED VIEWS

102

---

7267

113

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212

Applicable to all Foundation in the Centre Foundation footing- 1200mm x 1200mm x 600mm C25 mass concrete pad foundation to Drawing set out

3090

---

Slab- 150mm Screed with thickened edge 2911

Floor- Bison 200mm Pre-cast Hollow core Florring

3 4740

2551

2911

3700

12 2028

2911

3007

74 8

93 13

7939

The Machaseh Centre Foundation Setout Project number

7946

Date

Project Number Issue Date

Drawn by

E.I NTU

Checked by

AS100

째 83

92 째

째 88

97 째

Scale 1:100 3216

15 2724

3292

3216

2724

9211

2452

9211

2724

3216

3292

2724

3216

Scale

1 : 100

02/06/2016 07:30:00

102

www.autodesk.com/revit

10 7.7 9°

6 Foundation footings in each unit, all 750mm x 750mm x 600mm C25 mass concrete pad foundation according to set out drawings.

5° 3.8

5° 9.4

° .21 17

29 .7 9°

The Machaseh Centre Grid For units Date

Project Number Issue Date

Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

AS101

Scale 1:200

Scale

1 : 200

02/06/2016 07:30:08

Project number

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{3D}

The Machaseh Centre STRUCTURE Project number Date

Project Number Issue Date

Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

AS102 Scale

02/06/2016 07:30:24

Conservatory Communal Toilet/bath facility for assisted living

199 1

www.autodesk.com/revit

Communal Living Areas Bedrooms and en-suite showers 627

59 70

A-A

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

A-A A103

Unit- Ground Floor Plan MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

B100

Unit- Ground Floor 1 : 50

Scale

@A1

1 : 50

02/06/2016 06:44:27

NTU

Checked by

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B-B ---

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

1 A-A B104 A103

Unit- Roof Plan MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

B101

Unit- Roof Plan 1 : 50

Scale

@A1

1 : 50

02/06/2016 06:39:30

NTU

Checked by

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30 m inute s

ROUTE

30 m inute s

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Unit- Ground Floor (Fire Exit strategy) MSP 101

REF .

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

Unit- Ground Floor (Fire Exit strategy) 1 : 50

B102

Fire resistant curtains Scale

@A1

1 : 50

02/06/2016 06:39:44

30 m inute s

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INTERNAL TEMPERATURE SENSOR 1 A-SERIES UNIT PER ROOM

MSP 101

REF .

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

BREATHING BUILDINGS ATLAS CONTROL PANEL FROM PLANT ROOM

B103 Scale

@A1

1 : 50

02/06/2016 06:40:05

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Natural Ventillation-heating and Cooling)

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T2268754 Machaseh Centre Breathable Buildings Project number

MSP 101 18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

B103b Scale

@A1

02/06/2016 06:40:29

NTU

Checked by

www.autodesk.com/revit

2 B105

5 B105

1 : 50

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Unit - Sections MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI Checker

Checked by

B104 Scale

@A1

1 : 50

02/06/2016 06:40:39

Section C-C

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

01. Pressed powder aluninium coping 02. Celotex XR4000 80mm insulation 03. Hyload formable parapet DPC + weep holes to eternal at 900 cc 04. Single ply ICOPAL Fully Adhered roof cut to falls to drain to centrelined gutter with syphonic outlets + 75mm solvent welded UPVC concealed rain water pipes to discharge to surfacewater drains 05. 140mm + 100mm Celcon block cavity wall stacked on top of 140mm Celcon block internal wall, Gypsum plastered, skimmed and painted to finish 06. 200mm thick Single ply roof with visqueen vapour barrier 07. Armstrong MicroLook 90 15mm suspended cieling 08. Service Void 09. 150mm x 45mm timber joists 10. 500mm x 300mm Glulam beam

Section C-C - Callout 1 1 : 10

Section C-C - Callout 2 1 : 10

www.autodesk.com/revit

http://www.icopal.co.uk/ ~/media/IcopalUK/Products/monarplan-single-plyroofing/system-build-ups/Fully-Adhered-180.jpg

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

Specification

14 15

RAFT FOUNDATION SYSTEM (UNIT) Specification 01. Saint-Gobain GLASSSOLUTIONS curtain wall system with 50mm x 150mm mullions 02. Overhanging Cill brick 03. 102.5mm thick facing brown local brick 04. 125mm wide cavity with 100mm thick polyurethane insulation 05. 140mm thick fair faced blocks, see structural Engineers drawings for specification 06. 75mm thick concrete screed on 500 visqueen seperation layer, see Structural Engineer's drawings for details 07. 150mm Screed 08. External slab paving laid on mortar 09. RC35 reinforced concrete floor slab and sub base, for more details, see structural Engineer's drawings 10. 125mm x 215mm in-situ concrete threshold with chamfer 11. 100mm thick STYROFOAM FLOORMATE 700 structural insulation 12. 20mm thick cold bridge insulation 13. 1200mm guage DPM wrapped around toe of edge thikening, turned up vertical face of concrete and lapped under brickwork DPC 14. Details of reinforced concrete slab and sub base, see Structural Engineer's drawing 15. 750mm x 750mm x 600mm C25 concrete pad foundation to structural engineer's drawing spec.

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Unit - Details MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

B105 Scale

@A1

1 : 10

02/06/2016 06:40:47

ROOF WITH DRAINAGE DETAIL

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3D 1

3D 2

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Unit - 3D Views MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

Wing: Lounge

Wing: En-suite Room

B106 Scale

@A1

02/06/2016 06:41:14

F. RE W DW

www.autodesk.com/revit 11 Library

48 Plant

75 m² 806.3 SF

9 m² 101.1 SF

10 Sales Office 48 m² 516.6 SF

47 Storage 49 Male WC

13 m² 137.1 SF

23 m² 246.6 SF

11 m² 116.3 SF

51 Female WC

---

46 Therapy/ 1 to 1

11 m² 120.6 SF

13 Hair Dressers

13b Store

55 m² 591.4 SF

13 m² 135.4 SF

14b Store 14 Little Waitrose

13 m² 135.7 SF

DWW

61 m² 658.2 SF

REF.

A108

4 F wash room 16 m² 173.1 SF

44 Staff Room 18 m² 199.0 SF

3 M wash room

45 ensuit

18 m² 189.7 SF

4 m² 41.1 SF

33 Staff

23 m² 244.6 SF

47 m² 504.2 SF

15 m² 156.2 SF

2 Gym

43 Staff Office

5 Bistro Kitchen

6 BK.Store

97 m² 1045.9 SF

20 m² 216.1 SF

Plant/ caretaker's 7 office 51 m² 545.3 SF

F. RE

13 m² 145.2 SF

42 Plant

Dementia Wing

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

8 m² 85.1 SF

REF .

WD W

40 Therapy/1 to 1 25 m² 264.8 SF

36 Therapy/ 1 to 1 23 m² 244.2 SF

Acute Dementia Wing Staff Section

34 storage 13 m²

35 139.9 SF Plant

Ground Floor Plan

Activity Space

9 m² 100.5 SF

39 ensuit 4 m² 41.1 SF

37 Staff room 18 m² 199.0 SF

38 Staff office 23 m² 244.6 SF

DWW

Centre/Communal Spaces REF.

Project number

18-03-2016

Date

Green Landscape

MSP 101

Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by W DW

Raised planters beds

Whole- Ground Floor 1 : 200

F. RE

Hard footpath

AB102 Scale

@A1

1 : 200

02/06/2016 07:51:02

W DW

41 storage

Respite/Day Wing

F. E R W DW

www.autodesk.com/revit 27 Offices 75 m² 806.3 SF

26 Offices 72 m² 774.0 SF

23 Cinema 2

29 Meeting room

Redundant Redundant Room Room

55 m² 591.4 SF

Lift 22 Cinema 1

30 Seminar 61 m² 658.2 SF

DWW

131 m² 1414.5 SF

REF.

Lift

17 Art and Craft 34 m² 369.0 SF

19 I.T area 47 m² 504.2 SF

16 Dance 59 m² 639.4 SF

20 Therapy room 15 m² 158.0 SF

Therapy room Room 2 15 m² 158.4 SF

21 Medicine 51 m² 545.0 SF

W DW F. RE

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

WD W

Centre/Communal Spaces

REF .

Green Landscape Raised planters beds Hard footpath

Project number

18-03-2016

Date

Whole- First Floor

MSP 101

REF.

Drawn by

1 : 200

NTU

W DW

Checked by

F. RE

AB103 Scale

@A1

1 : 200

02/06/2016 07:54:22

DWW

First Floor Plan

www.autodesk.com/revit

Gre en Ro of

f o o R n e e Gr Lift Rentable Rooftop Event space 174 mÂ˛

Gree n Ro of

Lift

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

Paved roof space Centre/Communal Spaces Green Landscape

Hard footpath 1

Whole- Second Floor

Project number

MSP 101 18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

1 : 200

NTU

Checked by

AB104 Scale

@A1

1 : 200

02/06/2016 07:57:18

Raised planters beds

Second Floor Plan

www.autodesk.com/revit

Whole- Roof Plan 12086

Whole- Second Floor 7535 Whole- First Floor 3600 Whole-Top Masterplan of Foundation 0 -775

Whole-North 1 : 200

Whole- Roof Plan 12086

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

Whole- Second Floor 7535 Whole- First Floor 3600

Whole-South 1 : 200

Elevations (North and South) Project number

MSP 101 18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

AB105 Scale

@A1

1 : 200

02/06/2016 08:00:11

Whole-Top Masterplan of Foundation 0 -775

www.autodesk.com/revit

Whole- Roof Plan 12086

Whole- Second Floor 7535 Whole- First Floor 3600 Whole-Top Masterplan of Foundation 0 -775

Whole-East 1 : 200

Whole- Roof Plan 12086

Whole- Second Floor

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

7535 Whole- First Floor 3600

Whole-West 1 : 200

Elevations (East and West) Project number

MSP 101 18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

AB106 Scale

@A1

1 : 200

02/06/2016 08:02:46

Whole-Top Masterplan of Foundation 0 -775

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T2268754 Machaseh Centre Arial View Project number

MSP 101 18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

AB107 Scale

@A1

02/06/2016 08:07:57

NTU

Checked by

1 A109

1 A110

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Section A-A MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

A108 www.autodesk.com/revit

Scale

@A1

1 : 20 02/06/2016 08:43:30

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

Section 5 (showing restaurant bar) Copy 1 - Callout 1 1:5

ATRIUM ROOF TO WALL CONNECTION (CENTRE) Specification

www.autodesk.com/revit

01. Saint-Gobain GLASSOLUTIONS COOL-LITE XTREME 70/33 II high performance solar control coatings 02. Kawneer AA速100/AA速110SSG mullion Frame 03. Compriband compressive insulation strip as closure 04. 80mm thick Celotex XR4000 80mm insulation 05. 100mm Celcon block cavity wall, Gypsum plastered, skimmed and painted to finish 06. 500mm x 300mm 'Constructional timber' Glulam beam 07. 140mm Celcon block cavity wall, Gypsum plastered, skimmed and rendered to finish 08. Catnik Steel Lintel 09. Kawneer AA速100/AA速110SSG mullion Frame 10. Saint-Gobain GLASSOLUTIONS BIOCLEAN Aqua - with Solar control

09 10

External

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

http://www.constructionaltimber.com/olympics-2012/

Detail 1 MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI Checker

Checked by

A109 Scale

@A1

1:5

02/06/2016 08:49:25

Intermal

04 05 06 07 08 09 10

11 12

Section 5 (showing restaurant bar) Copy 1 - Callout 3 1:5

FLOOR CONNECTIONS (CENTRE) Specification

www.autodesk.com/revit

01. Saint-Gobain GLASSOLUTIONS curtain wall system with 50mm x 150mm mullions 02. 100mm wide cavity with 100mm thick polyurethane insulation 03. Cavity Tray Weephole 04. 140mm thick fair faced blocks, see structural Engineers drawings for specification 05. 125mm by 19mm Skirting Boards painted in contrasting colour to wall for visual seperation 06. 75mm thick concrete screed on 500 visqueen seperation layer, see Structural Engineer's drawings for details 07. 150mm Screed with thickened edge to SE details 08. 100mm thick Jabfloor white 70 structural insulation 09. Bison 200mm precast hollowcore floor system 10. 120mm thick Celotex XR4000 80mm insulation 11. British Standard 610 x 302 x 179 UB 12. 15mm thick Support plate welded to the buttom flang as shown 13. Kawneer AA®100/AA®110SSG mullion Frame 14. Saint-Gobain GLASSOLUTIONS BIOCLEAN Aqua - with Solar control Bison 200mm precast hollowcore floor system

http://www.bison.co.uk/pdf/bison-hollowcore-floors-unit-profiles.pdf

T2268754 Machaseh Centre

Detail 2 MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

EI NTU

Checked by

http://jablite.co.uk/tec hnicalresource/insulationfor-ground-floors/

A110 Scale

@A1

1:5

02/06/2016 08:49:38

01 02 03

1 A112

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INSULATION BENEFITS

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Section B-B (showing green roof) MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

MORE USABLE OUTSIDE SPACE

EI NTU

Checked by

A111 1

Section B-B 1 : 20

Scale

@A1

1 : 20

02/06/2016 08:50:29

1 A113

01 02 03 04 05 06

Whole- Second Floor 7535

07 08 09

GREEN ROOF WITH PROTECTION BARRIER (CENTRE) Specification www.autodesk.com/revit

01. Litefront Glass Balustrade system (see image below) 02. 20mm Thick timber batten used as fasten 03. Planting in separation layer between Balustrade and hand rail 04. 140mm thick fair faced blocks, see structural Engineers drawings for specification 05. Grass layer (icopal green roof) 06. Icopal ST Intensive Green Roof System 07 140mm Celcon block wall, Gypsum plastered, skimmed and painted to finish 08. RC35 reinforced concrete floor slab and sub base, for more details, see structural Engineer's drawings 09. 100mm thick cold bridge insulation 10. British Standard 406 x 178 x 74 UB 11. 15mm thick Support plate welded to the buttom flang as shown 12. Kawneer AAÂŽ100/AAÂŽ110SSG mullion Frame with Saint-Gobain GLASSOLUTIONS curtain wall system with 50mm x 150mm mullion

10 1

Section B-B - Callout 1 1 : 10

Litefront Glass Balustrade system

11 12

Icopal ST Intensive Green Roof System

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Detail 3 MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

Author

http://www.litefront.co.uk/all-glass-balustrades/application-examples/

http://www.icopal.co.uk/Products/green-roofs/standard-systems/intensive-systems/stintensive-system.aspx

A112 Scale

@A1

1 : 10

02/06/2016 08:51:27

Checker

Checked by

Masterplan 0

Whole-Top of Foundation -775

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13

RAFT FOUNDATION SYSTEM (CENTRE) Specification 01. Saint-Gobain GLASSOLUTIONS curtain wall system with 50mm x 150mm mullions 02. Cavity tray and weep hole 03. Cavity Tray Weephole 04. 140mm Celcon block internal wall, Gypsum plastered, skimmed and painted to finish 05. 125mm by 19mm Skirting Boards painted in contrasting colour to wall for visual seperation 06. 75mm thick concrete screed on 500 visqueen seperation layer, see Structural Engineer's drawings for details 07. 150mm Screed with thickened edge to SE details 08. 125mm wide cavity with 100mm thick polyurethane insulation 09. RC35 reinforced concrete raft, for more details, see structural Engineer's drawings 10. 102.5mm thick facing brown local brick 11. 100mm thick STYROFOAM FLOORMATE 700 structural insulation 12. 1200mm guage DPM wrapped around toe of edge thikening, turned up vertical face of concrete and lapped under brickwork DPC 13. 50mm Sand blinding, see Structural Engineer's drawing 14. 1200mm x 1200mm x 600mm C25 mass concrete pad foundation to structural engineer's drawing spec.

www.autodesk.com/revit

14 1

Section B-B - Callout 2 1 : 10

T2268754 Machaseh Centre Detail 4 MSP 101

Project number

18-03-2016

Date Drawn by

A113 http://constructionstudiesq1.weebly.com/raft-foundation.html

http://blog.kingspaninsulation.ie/tag/concrete-flooring/

Scale

@A1

1 : 10

02/06/2016 08:51:33

NTU

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3.7 RENDRED VIEWS

3.7.1 FINAL DESIGN VISUALISATION

South West Wind

3.7.2 FINAL DESIGN VISUALISATION

A M E N I T I E SEVERAL AMENITIES CONTAINED IN THE CENTRAL HUB.

3.7.3 FINAL DESIGN VISUALISATION

S E C U R EXCLUSIVE GARDENS SHARED BY 2 UNIT WITH SIMILAR CARE NEEDS + ACCESSIBLE AMENITIES

3.7.4 FINAL DESIGN VISUALISATION

S E C U R EXCLUSIVE GARDENS SHARED BY 2 UNIT WITH SIMILAR CARE NEEDS + ACCESSIBLE AMENITIES

3.7.5 FINAL DESIGN VISUALISATION

I N T E G R A T ENVIRONMENT AND COMMUNITY ARE CONSIDERED IN SCHEME

3.7.6 FINAL DESIGN VISUALISATION

WINTER LOUNGE

SUMMER CONSERVATORY Colour represents group type (Red is for Acute Dementia)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

LITERATURE REFERENCES •

Alzheimer's Society. (2010). My name is not Dementia. London: Alzheimer’s Society.

•

Bird, W. (2007). Natural Thinking. RSPB

•

Bragg, R., Wood, C., Barton, J., & Pretty, J. (2011). Let Nature Feed Your Senses: Engaging people with nature food and farming. Evaluation report for LEAF and Sensory Trust. Chelmsford: Department of Biological Sciences and Essex Sustainability Institute, University of Essex.

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Schwarz, B., & Rodiek, S. (2007). Outdoor environments for People with Dementia. 21 (1-4).

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SWAAN, WiM (1982). The Gothic Cathedral, Park Lane, The University of Michigan.

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Ulrich, R. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224, 420-421.

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Wilson, E. (1984). Biophillia: The Human Bond with Other Species. Harvard University Press: Cambridge.

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Care Quality Commission. 2014/15. The state of healthcare and adult social care in England Printed in the UK by the Williams Lea Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

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ZEISEL JOHN. (2006). Inquiry by Design: Environment/Behaviour/Neuroscience in Architecture, Interiors, landscape and Planning. W.W. Norton and Company Ltd. London.

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Chalfont, G. (2005). Architecture, nature and care: the importance of connection to nature with reference to older people and dementia. Independent paper G Chalfont.

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7. Bibliography

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CLARK, P., MAPES, N., BURT, J. & PRESTON, S. 2013. Greening Dementia - a literature review of the benefits and barriers facing individuals living with dementia in accessing the natural environment and local greenspace. Natural England Commissioned Reports, Number 137.

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Alzheimer’s Society. (2012). Dementia 2012 - a national challenge. London: Alzheimer’s Society.

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Alzheimer’s Society. (2007). Dementia UK - A report into the prevalence and cost of dementia. London: Alzheimer’s Society.

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Kaplan, S. (1995). The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework.

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Mapes, N. (2012). Fit as a Fiddle with Age UK London: Involving People Living with Dementia - insights. London: Age UK London.

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Maller, C., Townsend, M., St Leger, L., Claire Henderson-Wilson, P. A., Prosser, L., & Moore, M. (2009). Healthy Parks, Healthy People: The Health Benefits. The George Wright Forum, 26, 51-83.

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Mapes, N. (2012). Have you been down to the woods today. Working with Older People, 16 (1), 7-16.

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Mapes, N. (2011b). Wandering in the Woods - A Visit Woods Pilot Project. Chelmsford: Dementia Adventure. 9 | P a g e

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Mapes, N. (2010). It's a walk in the park: exploring the benefits of green exercise and open spaces for people living with dementia. Working with Older People, 14 (4), 25-31.

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Mapes, N., & Vale, T. (2012). Wood if we could: A practical guide to leading group adventures and visits to woodlands. Chelmsford: Dementia Adventure.

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Mapes, N. (2011a). Living with Dementia and Connecting with Nature - Looking Back and Stepping Forwards. Chelmsford: Dementia Adventure.

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Mind. (2007). Ecotherapy - the green agenda for mental health. London: Mind.

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Mitchell, L., & Burton, E. (2010). Designing dementia-friendly neighbourhoods: helping people with dementia to get out and about. Journal of integrated care, 18 (6), 11-18.

Pretty, J., Peacock, J., Hine, R., Sellens, M., South, N., & Griffin, M. (2007). Green exercise in the UK countryside: Effects on health and psychological well-being, and implications for policy and planning. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 50, 211-231.

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Pretty, J., Peacock, J., Sellens, M., & Griffin, M. (2005). The mental and physical health outcomes of green exercise. International journal of environmental health research, 5 (319-337), 15. 10

FURTHER RESEARCH REFERENCES Articles : •

BBC. Psychology of colour. Accessed 3/10/15: http://www.bbc.co.uk/homes/design/colour_psychologyofcolour .shtml

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Biophilic Design, The Architecture of Life. Accessed 3/10/15: http://www.stephenrkellert.net/biophilic-design.html

• •

•

Laura Alvarez, BArch (Hons) PG Dip MAUD, Nottingham Trent University.

I also looked into the history of human from different angles to realise our relationship with nature

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Lesley Palmer, Architect (Dementia Services Development Centre).

BBC. British Timeline. Accessed 3/10/15: http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/timeline/neolithic_timelin e_noflash.shtml

•

Stella Rousou, Architect Nottinghamshire County Council.

•

Sue Horseman, Business Development Manager - South Region, Alzheimer's Society.

•

Bible New King James Version. 2008. Genesis 1:3

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COLFER, C. J. P. & BYRON, Y. 2001. People managing forests: the links between human well-being and sustainability, Washington, DC, Resources for the Future.

•

Several professionals have been contacted formally and informally also to gain insights into their thought process of this research area. They include:

Joanne Vining et al. 2008. The Distinction between Humans and Nature: Human Perceptions of Connectedness to Nature and Elements of the Natural and Unnatural. Accessed 3/10/15: http://apjh.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her151/vininget al.pdf

•

Kwack, H. et al. (2004) ‘Adapting garden activities for overcoming difficulties of individuals with dementia and physical limitations’, Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 29(1), 1-13.

•

TURAS 2013. Productive Landscapes and the City: Building resilience and sustainability through urban agriculture.

•

TURAS 2013. Urban Transformations: Integrating social-ecological resilience thinking into urban planning and governance.

•

ZEISEL JOHN. Enquiry by Design: Environment/Behaviour/Neuroscience in Architecture, Interiors, landscape and Planning. W.W. Norton and Company Ltd. London. 2006.

CPD training: •

Ecobuild 2014

•

Altro: Designing for dementia

•

Ecophone: designing for Dementia

•

Care and Dementia show 2015

•

All images that have not been done by Esther Idoko have cited under the images

APPENDIX 1: LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS(Contd.): BRITISH STANDARD Extract from: BS 5837:2012 Trees in relation to design, demolition and construction – Recommendations Trees are important elements of green infrastructure, contributing to urban cooling through evapotranspiration and providing micro-climatic effects that can reduce energy demands in buildings. They therefore represent a key resource that can significantly contribute to climate change adaptation. Trees can offer many benefits, including: · Providing visual amenity, softening or complementing the effect of the built environment, and adding maturity to new developments · Displaying seasonal change and providing opportunities for wildlife in built-up areas · Making places more comfortable in tangible ways by contributing screening and shade, reducing wind speed and turbulence, intercepting snow and rainfall, and reducing glare. Where tree retention or planting is proposed in conjunction with nearby construction, the objective should be to achieve a harmonious relationship between trees and structures that can be sustained in the long term. The good practice recommended in this British Standard is intended to assist in achieving this objective. BS 5837:2012 is applicable whether or not planning permission is required. BS 5837:2012 follows a logical sequence of events that has tree care at the heart of the process. The full sequence of events might not be applicable in all instances; for example, a planning application for a conservatory might not require the level of detail that needs to accompany a planning application for the development of a site with one or more dwellings. This is a full revision of the standard It introduces the following principal changes: · Takes account of current practice regarding planning for the management, protection and planting of trees in the vicinity of structures, and for the protection of structures near trees Supersession This British Standard supersedes BS 5837:2005, · Updates the guidance in relation to building regulations which is withdrawn. · Recognizes the contribution that trees make to climate change adaptation. - Topsoil quality and amelioration Technical design Contents for BS 5837:2012 includes: - Soil compaction and remediation measures Scope, Normative references, Terms and definitions - Arboriculture method statement - Use of mulch - Barriers and ground protection - Hard surfaces Site monitoring Feasibility: surveys and preliminary constraints - Use of herbicides, Tree management - General Demolition and construction in proximity to existing - Topographical survey Who is BS 5837:2012 for? trees - Soil assessment It is applicable to all those interested in harmony - General - Tree survey - Avoiding physical damage to the roots during demolition between trees and development, this includes: - Tree categorization method · Arboriculturists or construction - Root protection area (RPA) · Architects - Tree protection during demolition · Builders - Permanent hard surfacing within the RPA Proposals: conception and design · Engineers - Special engineering for foundations within the RPA - General · Landscape architects - Subterranean construction within the RPA - Constraints posed by existing trees · Land managers Underground and above-ground utility apparatus - Proximity of structures to trees · Contractors - Arboriculture impact assessment · Planners Site works, landscape operations and management - Tree protection plan 11 · Statutory undertakers - General New planting design and associated landscape · Surveyors. - Drainage operations

APPENDIX 2: A NEW THEORY OF URBAN DESIGN Sub Rules: 1. Piecemeal Growth 2. The growth of larger wholes 3. Visions 4. The basic rule of positive urban space 5. Layout of large Buildings 6. Construction 7. Formation of Centres • These sub rules additionally provide project parameters that guide the development process • The seven sub rules are designed to further promote the idea of wholeness within a urban environment and are applicable to current project proposals • A general rule should be implemented throughout Proposals Rule 1: Piecemeal Growth • Piecemeal Growth defines the size of the building increments. • Achieved by creating an even distribution of sizes and scales through design and planning. • Providing an even spread of building usage, throughout the site, and environment it is located within. Rule 2: The Growth of Larger Wholes • Promoting the idea that each small development always contributes towards a larger undefined end goal. • Each area completed, has the capability to expand and grow organically, making new centre points within the development. • Each area links, and enhances neighbouring spaces, while still offering room to continue growth, and further enhance itself Rule 3: Visions Vision is the ability to design without restriction, set by economic or social needs. • Using your own instinct and inspiration, develops a vision, which should be easily recognisable as stage progression. • Vison has true feeling, instigating emotion from a human perspective.

Rule 4: Positive Urban Space • Every building throughout any masterplan should try to create a well shaped, public open-space adjacent to it, or to try and link the areas together. • Encourage movement and interaction through these open spaces • Increases the overall quality of the area due to a sense of community pride and hence the idea of wholeness is positively encouraged Rule 5: Layout of Large Buildings • Identify the frontage of the structure. Therefore determining the main direction of approach for pedestrians. • Create a centre within the building immediately as an area which is focused on by the remainder of the structure. • Subsidiary parts of the building should be noticeable from the centre and contain links between the two

Rule 6: Construction • Construction of the building is in accordance with the surrounding buildings with regards to materials and features. • The early definition of the structure contributes to creating the unified sense of character. • The design follows a set of rules, and guidelines such as the global 3D organisational volume of a building. • The building utilises structural details, which informs the design, and continues the vernacular for the rest of the ‘utopian’ city. • The primary and secondary structure are defined early on to help guide how the internal space develops. Rule 7: Formation of Centres Each central node and line direct a user towards a larger central area/whole • A centre is not a defined thing, but can be any focal point or area of interest • Often incorporated within symmetrical aspects of design. • Rarely possible for a centre to be perfectly symmetrical as the surrounding area grows and changes over time. Extract from: The Unit as Part of the Whole DESN30168: Construction Technology 3 2015/16 Group 2 - 10.12.2015