Block Diagram of Computer with its Components & Functions!!

Block Diagram of Computer A block diagram of computer displays the internal structure of the computer, as we as the block diagram provides the quick overview of internal working work flow of computer system from inserting data to retrieving the desired output.

Block Diagram of Computer’s Components Computer system works with the combination of three components; like as – Input Unit Central Processing Unit • ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit • CU – Control Unit Memory Unit • Primary memory • Secondary memory Output Unit

Input Unit Input Unit contains the input devices like as scanner, joystick, keyboard, mouse, etc.

These input devices allow to user for inserting the instruction or information into the computer system. Input unit plays the role as a mediator of communication that gets the data from user to the computer system for organized manner for processing.

Central Processing Unit CPU (Central Processing Unit) is also called the “Brain” or “Heart” of the computer system. It is main component of block diagram of computer.

CPU is a hardware electronic device that is capable to perform various types of operations like as arithmetic and logical operation. It has ability to perform all calculations, comparisons or operations inside of the CPU.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit ALU (Arithmetic logic unit) has responsible to perform all arithmetic and logic operations, which are data inserted via input devices of computer, is stored in the main memory storage unit.

Arithmetical Unit can handle few simple operations like as addition, subtraction, division, and multiplication.

Logical Unit is capable to control the logical operations like as AND, OR, EQUAL, GREATER THAN, and LESS THAN, and so on.

Control Unit The control unit (CU) deals to perform all activities and operations of computer inside the CPU. Control unit has a responsible to control input/output, memory, and other devices which are linked to CPU. Control unit obtains the set of instructions or information, then it helps to convert the instruction set to control signals, then these signals are moved to central processor for later processing.

Memory Unit Memory unit also plays the major role in the computer system because it helps to store data and instructions before and after processing. This unit transfers the set of instructions to another unit of system as per the need.

Primary Memory Primary memory is known as “Main Memory” or “Internal Memory” or “Primary Storage Device” or “Internal Storage Device” as well as they play vital role in computer, because those memories are capable to access all data directly from CPU with the help of various buses. These memories have limited capacity for storage and made by integrated circuits (IC) or semiconductor components.

Secondary Memory Secondary Memory is also called “storage device” and “auxiliary memory“, “external memory“. Secondary storage devices are volatile in nature, it means that data does not discard while power turn-off, in which all data store for long time. Secondary memory has the speed of access of data is very slow compare to primary memory, and cheaper as well.

Output Unit The output unit of the computer system delivers the results of computation and displaying the output outside the world. The output unit generally works as the opposite process of the input unit and it convert the binary language digitalized information to electronic impulses, which are readable to the output devices. There are few output devices, which are commonly used like as monitor, projector, headphone, speaker, etc.

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