PRO TIP
HOW TO
Get Rid of Flies by Glenye Cain Oakford
Keeping the fly population down in the barn and off your horse is relatively simple, according to University of Kentucky entomologist Dr. Jonathan Larson. It’s important to control flies, and not only because they can drive you and your horse to distraction. According to Absorbine®, the makers of UltraShield® EX fly spray, biting flies drink four cups of horse blood every 10 days. And flies and other pests like mosquitoes and gnats aren’t only nuisances; they also can carry harmful diseases, like West Nile virus, Eastern equine encephalitis, and Western equine encephalitis. “In 2019, 90 cases of West Nile virus were reported in horses in 25 different states, while Eastern equine encephalitis in horses totaled 184 in 24 states,” Absorbine recently advised in its blog. “The best defense against diseases transmitted by common pests is to consult with a veterinarian for a geographically appropriate vaccination program. But measures can also be taken to help reduce the threat by reducing the number of pests in and around the barn.” The two most common species on a barn are house flies (which don’t bite but can spread disease) and stable flies (which do bite), says Dr. Jonathan Larson, extension entomologist at the University of Kentucky. “Both are pesty, but for different reasons,” Larson explained. “House flies can carry pathogens; they crawl around in yucky things, pick up pathogens on their body, and can drag those along a horse or on food—they can also do that to human beings. Stable flies, on the other hand, are biting pests. They have a really nasty mouth part that can poke through the skin and draw blood, which is annoying. You can see your horse react to that, and I react pretty poorly, too, when I get bitten around my ankles.” Both species reproduce in large numbers, and they’re quick to become mature pests. House flies reach maturity in seven to 14 days, while stable flies take 21-25 days to become adults. So quick, early action will help you get on top of a potential fly problem. “Insecticides do help, but you really want that integrated, holistic approach,” Larson emphasized.
House flies and stable flies aren’t just irritating. They also can carry disease.
44 SUMMER ISSUE 2022
Start by getting rid of fly breeding grounds, Larson advised. “Anywhere that the female can lay her eggs, if you can eliminate that, you’re cutting the problem off at the root,” he said. “That will help your animals have a happier summer.” STEP 1: KEEP THOSE STALLS CLEAN “Both house flies and stable flies prefer a moist area to lay their eggs in,” Larson said. “They like manure or a mixture of manure and straw. Horse manure generally is a little dry for these species, but if gets wet—if it’s getting rained on or there’s a leak or if the horse is urinating on it—that will introduce the possibility that flies will use that. “Make sure you have a nice, tidy cleaning schedule so manure and damp bedding or hay are getting removed,” he said. STEP 2: DON’T DUMP SOILED BEDDING NEAR THE BARN Don’t just pile damp materials in a corner or in a muck pile near the barn; that only relocates the problem (and muck
PHOTO: PAULA DA SILVA/ARND.NL
Keeping Flies Out
