com-modifying urban activation [written_thesis]

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[com_modifying urban activation]

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Document printed by Emmanuel P. Gee Bound by

1527 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19102 Toll Free: (800) 551-2341 Phone: (215) 563-8742 Fax: (215) 563-0888

Š2006/2007, Emmanuel Pierre Gee B-Arch Thesis written & designed by Emmanuel P. Gee Advisor: Bob Trempe ARCH 442 - Thesis Program Preparation Inst. Kate Wingert-Playdon, Sneha Patel

Temple University Tyler School of Art The Architecture Program 1947 North 12th Street Philadelphia, PA 19122 All rights reserved No part of this document may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission from Temple University except in the context of reviews.

Code_ noun: 1. anything involving a set of parameters which activate a response. Similar to an equation,

information is received or created. 2. a series of dispersed or deviated information sets, which require a key or cypher in order to connect or communicate.

System_ noun: 1. anything involving a series of parts, interlaced or weaved together. 2. inter-related parts bound to create a larger, more complex whole.

Preface This thesis was an effort in collaborating very divergent forms of information, media, and research. The text has been a direct response to all of the varying information within, and is a design cipher for urban investigation. This document has grown through the pro This document is a network in its self. It is a graphic layering of information, bound by principals derived from research. Imbedded is a series of codes and systems, designed to assist and clarify my statements, as well as to bind the conceptual framework of this thesis within the graphical layout. This is an attempt to tune the individual’s senses and activate them physically as users.

graphic

legend

[primary reference code for cited material] - graphic symbols of qr-codes, which work similar to bar codes. These codes are programed to provide you with all necessary information on a referenced text. These can most commonly be scanned with cell phones, and will provide immediate information about the text and ISBN number (the ISBN could be used to purchase the selected book via amazon through your phone). If the cited material was from a web-site, you will be directed directly to that site via your web browser on your phone.

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[secondary reference code for cited material] - the citations are categorized by section

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the titles within each letter group. They are shared by different authors, but never dupli

page is cited within the same title. This key increases in number only when there are two or more pages of cited text. If the citation has only one reference page the key box will be crossed out. Graphical charts explaining this system in more detail may be found in the appendix. chapter markers

FedEx + UPS = 21 million packages sent on average_daily_worldwide

i

sensory overload this image board represents a metaphor for our urban attitude and behavior. constructed from a series of frames, these images initially were viewed in an introduction animation for this thesis. The video categorizes urban

media, imagery, and behavior, and overly stimulates the transition from one image to the

next, in response to our perception of the city.

[proposal research]

media

consumer

appendages

code

"

12

"

16

d

"

18

bubble�

"

scanning

i

P

“the

o

"

27

the “disneyfied� city

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29

vending

u

/

t

24

o

hour

re-configureable

public

or

m

a

t

"

55

ease

"

57

systems

private...or

both?

preface + graphic manual

2

[proposal abstract]

4

[proposal statement]

12

34

[program theory]

45

[program code]

24

sold - lifestyles + billboard propoganda

a

iii

"

59

"

61

41

"

the project birth

43

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the project placement

47

"

the project application

60 66

68

[appendix] a_ code charts

69

"

79

"

b_ illustration index

83

"

c_ selected bibliography

91

"

d_ cited notes

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Ephemeral City_ verb/noun: 1. a condition where the city’s presence is lost due to consumer media. 2. an instance where the urban environment is no longer noticed by an urbanite. 3. a contemporary metropolis.

Perpetual Shift_ verb: 1. a condition where a change is occuring constantly. 2. a type of motion, stated within space and time, where an environment continously adapts to ongoing cultural shifts.

Urban Fabric_ noun: #

environment. 2. the cultural representation of a society. 3. conditions and setting found in an urban setting.

Phenomenological_ verb: 1. a theoretical concept implying an interaction or transition without physical limits. 2. a bodily sensation activated by a realization. 3. the theoretical translation of one thing to the next via an inhibitor (i.e. skin, media device, etc.).

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

Today’s consumer society is heavily blended

individual and therefore separating the role of

with popular culture.

architecture from the public and the street.

the

individual,

It has consumed

becoming

our represented landscape.

the

fabric

of

Society has

succumbed to consumer capitalism affected by design, publicity, and market research. These factors have the power of manipulating who we are and attempt to suggest what society should be. Yet imagine what would society be without mass media? This tension, between contemporary society’s desire to consume and the exploitation of this desire through personalized media and marketing imagery, will be investigated in this thesis. Cities of mass urban congestion, such as New York, London, and Tokyo, are in a perpetual shift with response to media and consumerism. The urban environment is effected by this response, and in reaction to this continuous $ %

urbanite while architecture continues to grow in consumer propaganda. The ever expanding development of media in the consumerist age is re-adapting our lifestyle, and incorporating marketing strategies and product design as a key cognitive connection to the city. The daily interactions within public spaces are in a process of transformation and the individual’s

$

response to these characteristics, the presence

This media driven “rainforest� which has emerged within the urban fabric, brings cause for a re-investigation between the role of the urbanite and the ephemeral city. Studies between [the urbanite and media] and [architecture and media] will

parameters to design for. These parameters found through the mapping of research, can potentially imply a new code for design and a re-activation between the urbanite, the street, and architecture. This attempt to adopt media and translate program through consumer culture, is a prototype for creating a facilitator of interaction within the urban fabric. The activation by the user from the street will integrate and become the adaptive and responsive ' '

physical and phenomenological interaction between

architecture

and

the

thoughts

appendix

[proposal abstract]

urbanite.

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Hybrid Mechanism_ noun: 1. a simbiotic relationship between two or more different objects. 2. a system taking two or more inter-dependant parts to create a larger more complex unit. 3. a condition where a

$ other though physical attachment.

“Visual imagery is a process of information which is represented in working memory. Products are designed through the use of ' $

processing and create an appeal to the consumer.� (Dahl, 19-20)

abstract

statement

research

In today’s global market, consumerism is transpired as a psychological and individualistic representation of the “self�.

It is multi-

commerce of the Western world, but as a cultural identity for all markets. Its structure is based in economics; the more we buy and the more we sell, the further an economy is developed. Although consumerism is generally reviewed in terms of large scale economic growth, its most fascinating quality is its effect on the human individual. Consumerism as the representation of the “self,� is an idea that we are branded by what we buy. For the individual, consumerism is

collection and exhibition of our material possessions psychologically creates a representational marker for who we are. This

with commercial brands, allows us to classify ourselves in a given society.1 If our identity is $

human display of symbols becomes a series of

applied category and can potentially initiate communication between individuals. Then an interesting condition arises within this “consumer brandingâ€?‌a personal and intimate

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

relationship develops between the individual and the product. The idea of the human

hybrid mechanism. This developing relationship between an individual and a product becomes the structural binding for this hybrid mechanism. As $

of products to input “advice� within our constant decision making. This “advice� is clearly a conceptual and psychological relation, but as consumers we can begin to see a how consumer media is affecting $

relationship will be studied further within this document as conditions reveal themselves.

can be found incorporated within all design industries. For example, the fashion industry

The choice of garments that we carry becomes

society. These representations, at home, work, or leisurely allows for the clothing to become a new layer of skin for the human body to display. It is an adaptation to a psychological trend which allows us to be branded with new “armor� as an extension of our natural envelope, becoming our artillery

*

grafted organisms in a media driven society.

[proposal statement]

1

.__

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Vernacular_ adjective: 1. the contemporary cultural stereotype of a given context 2. the adapted language of pop culture.

Skin_ noun: 1. a surface activated by interaction. 2. the threshold for communication between an exterior context and an interior context. 3. the layer of armor which provides sensation to the human body.

coverings are natural processes of sociological integration, and provide a response as to why we 1. the natural and essential human desire to cover ones self. 2. the physical masking of parts. 3. the use of consumer media as a status

abstract

statement

research

Georges Teyssot wrote in response to Cristobal Balenciaga’s Bride in White Gazar, “the initial thrust is not fashion, but the

“nature� of coverings, the latent eroticism of clothing, the secret language of mask ' < >

– 12)

Teyssot is speaking about this consumerist

are all governed by as a natural process of representation. He wrote this in response to a collection of images categorized by Elizabeth @ J O

at different skins'

of an envelope which communicates their respective internal mechanisms, as well as the extension of the human body.2 We can therefore suggest that the idea of coverings are natural processes of sociological integration, and provide a response as to why we are so

are so affected by consumer products. Forms of fashion are not the only physical relationships which products have with the human body; there are other elements to the consumerist language. This idea of the hybrid mechanism extends further than just fashion branding. The integration of industrial % $

the application of technology upon the human body. Our consumerist image is displayed

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

in multiple ways with all types of products;

X@Z $

the inner person within us, and bring forth the question as to why we are stimulated by the consumption of material possessions? In response to Teyssot, “the nature of coverings� can be interpreted as the cultural elements that have emerged in society. What we begin to see is a psychological and physiological response to media technologies. Our popular culture becomes the vernacular language

of

our

consumerist

attitude.3

This consumerist language then becomes a collection of different modes of human and media interaction. Since each human being

$

by consumerism, their individual application or “word� creates a different response and interaction to society within one common entity. Coverings are one type of “word� for this language, another would be media devices, and another would be marketing. Within each of these words would be the letters:

advertising schemes, creating a collection of different cognitive responses to the individual.

developing from these hybrid relationships and is the departure point for architectural severance within the urban fabric.

3

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2

_

"

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abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

[coverings]

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\

urban vernacular language t h e

c o n s u me r

a l p h a b et

"

media devices

"

"

marketing

"

" "

"

"

"

"

" "

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

This language or network implies a multiplicity

where the human body is analyzed in reference

of individualistic circumstances, and could

to programmatic functions.

By specifying a focused subject such as

media devices will tune our philosophical understanding within a given condition. What we will begin to see is a collapse of the urban fabric as a shared environment and communicator of architectural knowledge. As the human body adapts to a media driven society, technology has begun to dictate a new mode of behavior for the individual. Media devices as human appendages and grafted interfaces have begun to address privatized environments. Marketing strategies become apparent as facial reconstructions !

of priorities within the structure of the city. Through this adaptation of media in our lifestyle, the urbanite begins to loose the presence of the city within him. The separation of the urbanite and the built environment will be analyzed and categorized through the implications of media upon the human body. This investigation will also use the human body as reference in designing a network to facilitate a new physical interaction between

will attempt to become Lacan’s mirror image of the body; a radical re-study of Vitruvius,

thoughts

appendix

coverings "

"

"

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Senses_ noun, verb: 1. a physical or physiological response to stimuli. 2. the communication initiated by the skin, in-order to transmit conditions from and external source to an internal source. 3. reactions

>

hear, see, and taste).

Grafted_ verb: 1. the joined unison of a media device as an extension of the human body 2. to “surgically� attach or extend a part of the body. 3. this

part.

Interface_ noun: 1. a surface of common boundary between bodies, systems, spaces, and zones. 2. the surface of interaction, where the initial activation of a system will occur. a portal for information to be transferred to another location as well as receiving information.

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

Through the uses of new mobile technologies,

consists

the sociological imprint of our culture has

worldwide, more than the number of TVs and PCs combined.�1 Cellular phones have become the assemblage of media technology; a device completely self contained... designed for communication, information, entertainment, commerce and the ability to record life.

shifted. Our daily routines have now become ingrained with personalized devices which allow for a steady stream of information to reach us.

With the incorporation of wireless PDAs

and integrated smart phones, our personalized

of

“1.9

billion+

mobile

thoughts

appendix

phones 1

_

environment is no longer within the aspects of home or work, but integrated within the constant movement of our being.

Media technologies have extended the human senses and have become new human appendages. They act as grafted interfaces linking us to systems of information, communication and entertainment. This connection to information has become a necessity in life for the general public. We have become ingrained with the ability to access virtually anything from anywhere. For example, the cellular telephone has become the user portal for global communication. Its continuous development allows the individual to move within the world and stay connected to the consumer network. The most common mobile phone features include web browsing, mobile e-mail, download capabilities, PDA functions, mobile gaming, photo and video messaging, digital music listening, and mobile TV. When looking at this list one must be amazed at the technological developments

How have we as individuals adapted to this type of environment? What becomes next in media integration? Within the cellular phone community, Japan is the most developed network and has become the leading test site for cell phone innovation. Some current key features include GPS navigating and FM

$

`

reading and mobile commerce capabilities.2 Individuals can now buy, sell, and trade stocks from their phone and the barcode readers have completely shifted the consumer integration of society. What these barcode readers imply is a new trend in consumerism. These RFID based systems allow for users to scan, check, and compare prices for products. People can then store the information or buy directly off sites such as Amazon.3 The Japanese have also

[proposal research]

2

_.

3

_._

tested this system in school, where vending machines have an interface which allows you to scan the barcode of an item and pay for it directly with your phone.

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Cellular phones have become the assemblage of media technology; a device completely self contained...

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

[information ease]

designed for communication, information, entertainment, commerce and the ability to record life.

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Cosmetic_ adjective, adverb: 1. the adherence of a product to highlight an

{ ment to the human body. 3. a non-homogeneous appendage, attached or latched onto the skin, but not working in unison.

Identity_ noun: 1. the realization of ones self, i.e. Lacan’s mirror image. 2. a series of physical and technical data stating your existence in a given society. 3. applies to the psychological effect of losing material possessions, which affects an emotional disturbance relating to ones consciousness.

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

With this technology integrated and available

transit, on the human mind and body? Why

in society, the interaction of the user off the

do we have such a strong connection to these

street will begin to change.

devices or products?

These codes

thoughts

appendix

will attempt to engage the user by adapting themselves to storefronts and publicity. Z

question how dependant the user will become with media devices. That personal and intimate relationship stated earlier becomes apparent with how affected individuals have become over their cell phones. With the slightest notion of loosing this cosmetic attachment, we suppress ourselves into depression as if we have lost a part of our identity. It has become an integral part of our body with perhaps too much of our focus attended.

The consumerist attitude and its relationship to products are successful due to the high level of market research developed for product distribution. For the successful sale of products, designers focus on visual imagery as the central cognitive characteristic for design. 4 “The goal is to give the product physical and psychological attributes that will lead to success in the marketplace. (Dahl – 19) What becomes apparent is the search for originality and creative innovation within product design.

These media appendages, cell phones and PDAs, act as primary information interfaces for the urbanite. The urbanite is an individual who regularly travels within an urban environment, and interacts with its systems and buildings. The urbanite is transitive, meaning he/she moves along a city’s pathways. The urbanite is affected by the city as is the city by the urbanite. The urbanite is the principal activator for the city and is subjected to consumerisms “rainforest� of media. The concentration of media in an urban environment implies and maybe even forces a lifestyle upon the individual. How do we therefore register the

One of the revolutionizing and leading consumer products which has cornered the portable media market is the Apple iPod. The sexy cool sleek design of the iPod has become the trend setting media device for the urban culture. The iPod is a new type of iconography; its simplicity invokes a level of purity which has not been visible previously. Its image developed from consistent research has burned itself into the media driven world and continues to be the predominant media device for creative innovation. It was imagined while the Apple computer company was researching applicable software for the consumer market.5 Through research Apple

4

_..

"

5

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“...people have found pleasure and meaning in the use of their eyes. They have consciously attempted to produce objects of beauty and have delighted in them.� (Bloch, 16)

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

339-3/002006-11-11_018/019

Artifact_ noun: 1. an instance where an object becomes iden {

receives a level of permanence society. 3.

abstract

statement

research

found that most companies were developing technology for such things as digital cameras and PDAs, but found that there was very little focus on the portable media player.6 *

X

born. It began as a test, due to a common psychological skepticism within the idea

in a chip. People were still attached to the physical presence of CDs and its artwork, and the collection of items was important to the user. Now there is a shift and the focus is redirected to the product. Dr. Michael Bull, professor at Sussex University and considered the leading academic expert on the social impact of personal stereo devices, writes about the iPod as an artifact.7 Bull states “with vinyl, the aesthetic was in the cover of the record‌With the rise of digital; the aesthetic has left the object and is in now the artifact.â€? (Bull, 3) Here we begin to see the idea of the product as a design issue. How is it created as an artifact in order to develop a personalized relationship between it and the user? Since its test phase, the iPod has developed into 5 different generations in addition to more compact modules available known as:

X O $ X | X

Nano. Four years of design innovation and 12 models of production, the Apple Company is

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

}

a total of 58,912,000+ iPods sold.8

7, we can see that as iPod sales grow Apple develops larger product diversity. These numbers do not respond to an increase in economic growth, but to the development and social behavior that Apple has focused on in its research. They have cornered the market by continuously redesigning the iPod. ~

promote a better consumer outcome. The interface has been the main development factor in its design, which includes the touch sensitive wheel replacing the mechanical scroll wheel, color displays with anti-aliased text, $ 9 In addition to the interface, each generation or model design has traditionally become smaller and simpler and with the availability of colors and now photo and video options, the design of the iPod has been left un-comparable within the hand-held device industry. Peter Bloch wrote that “people have found pleasure and meaning in the use of their eyes. They have consciously attempted to produce objects of beauty and have delighted in them.�10 Through an innovated design and marketing campaign, the Apple iPod has given the young generation a new mode to live [buy].

6

8

9

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7

_...

"

10

_...

What has become very interesting with the

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“It’s an extension of the memory: storing the soundtrack of a lifetime, as well as names, addresses, calendars and notes…if I lose this stuff, I lose part of my identity.” (Giesler, 3)

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

development and monopoly of the iPod is its

breakdown, which allows the product to gain a

effect on the consumer. We have adapted to

$

'

“advise� the individual’s interaction in a given

our lives with its presence.

environment.

Its design now

thoughts

appendix

promotes sophistication and purity to all age’s groups and implies a sense of class. This product, which has been designed for ease in functionality, has become a stylish attachment to our body. Markus Giesler, a professor of marketing at York University in Toronto, states that the iPod “is an entirely new beast: a revolutionary device that transforms listeners into cyborgs through a process he calls techno-transcendence.â€? (Giesler, 2) He continues saying that the consumer has adopted mobile technologies in a cybernetic way, with the uses of products such as iPods and cell phones. Giesler states “It’s an extension of the memory: storing the soundtrack of a lifetime, as well as names, addresses, calendars and notes‌if I lose this stuff, I lose part of my identity.â€? (Giesler, 3) This attachment to media technologies becomes a cultural emblem of our society. We

%

we can feel psychologically separated from our body through the loss of a material item. This cultural stratum becomes a key investigation into understanding our placement in today’s electronic age. The relationship to products has evolved and allowed for a psychological

This is not the extent to which the iPod has affected our environment and consumer market. The iPod is so integrated with our fastpaced culture that secondary companies pay for the rights in selling technological accessories for the iPod. New luxury cars, such as Audi, Mercedes, and BMW have now integrated an option for a pre-designed interface within the dashboard and wheel. These designer cars incorporate a docking system and click wheel interface.11 There is even a market for clothing design, which adapts the iPod as an attachment to the skin. Here we begin to see this idea of coverings adapting to technology and consumer trends. The leading designer in iPod clothing is Kyono, which integrates a fabric embroidered interface within jackets and shirts.12 Other companies such as Levis

11

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12

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are developing an iPod integrated denim jean as well as an iPod Nano adaptable belt.13

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The iPod has effectively changed the way we perceive the environment. It has incorporated itself into the systems of our representation. Its appearance in clothing, cars, and even integrated wall systems has proven its cultural affect on our society and its representation as a

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Bubble_ noun: 1. the theoretical shield encompassing an individual. 2. an unmeasurable distance off of the body’s skin which dictates our comfort level. 3. an adapted version of the this armor highlighted by the use of media devices, instating a private/ personalized environment.

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

pop culture icon. With all of this inconsideration

questions the physical interaction with you.

it has inherently affected the mode of thinking

As the user you inherently disregard the

in which we have on our environment. It has

others presence as well, because your focus

shifted the user within the urban environment

is deviated from the physical interaction that

and created a new paradox. This paradox is

is created: eye contact or any other type of

the simultaneous inherent acknowledgment of

facial gesture. It allows us to focus on music

ourselves in an environment and the parallel

or media throughout our daily trajectory, and

separation of ourselves within the environment

only becoming removed from it when we’ve

through the focus of the iPod. Dr. Michael Bull

reached the given destination. The New York Times questioned what becomes of the public space when the public space This is a valid becomes privatized?15 question; what happens to the urban fabric when the users no longer have an intimate relationship with it? Do we continue to become aware of our surroundings or do our senses become oblivious with the exception of extreme encounters? This armor suggests a design condition for this project, as it has become a separation from society. How does one reintegrate physical interaction, with mobile media devices activated? This question becomes a primary investigation into what type of program can be developed for these conditions.

speaks about how the iPod gives the individual control over his or her environment.14 “They are controlling their space, their time, and their interaction…” (Bull, 2) He is essentially stating that we are creating a strategy of interaction, where the iPod creates a human bubble. This bubble is a theoretical armor preventing interactions to occur unless the user chooses to engage. The most common form he speaks of is “nonreciprocal looking,” which entails the direct contact with another being through eye sight, but with an understanding that your concentration is diverted to your private acoustical environment and not the image you’re in contact with. This armor works with the understanding that the person you technically have eye contact with sees your mobile device activated. With that acknowledgment the other person assumes an immediate disregard of your presence due to the fact that your attention is focused on something else, and therefore

thoughts

appendix

14

_...

"

_...

""

15

These questions become the necessary investigations in order to analyze the development of human interaction within the urban environment. The iPod and other mobile media devices have culturally shifted our

339-3/002006-11-11_024/025

abstract

statement

research

environment‌to an extent which has separated the role of the urbanite in the urban fabric. These media appendages are only one side to

is encouraged by the development of brands, and companies therefore undertake strong media and marketing campaigns to affect the *

we are and they have transmitted themselves to the urban fabric. The city has now begun its own transformation, and as a result of the continuing development in commerce, the billboard has begun its own division of removing the presence of the city from the individual and is therefore detaching the role of architecture from the public and the street.

Victor Hugo wrote “This will kill that‌The

€

church‌Printing will kill architecture.�16 When writing this he was stating that the invention of the printing press would dissolve the primary expression of society‌architecture. He spoke of the original billboard, the mask of

Â

religion to the people. Architecture throughout our history has been wrapped in imagery, in order to tell stories. The Egyptian Pyramids, the Temple of Solomon, to the Basilicas of J

with grafted information along its walls and

theory

code

specification

enclosures.17 Hugo felt that architecture would die due to the technological advancements in which society was headed. Ironically buildings today are re-grafted with mass information. Large commerce capitals such as New York, Shanghai, and Seoul have districts where the design of

‚

are growing along the built environment, with no connection to the program of architecture.

only as the structure for mass information. Perhaps because consumer society had adopted the notion that marketing strategies such as publicity may take control of the built

re-emerged. Spaces such as Times Square and Piccadilly Circus have become cultural motifs to live by. They are selling a lifestyle such as the church did in the past. Whether or not a lifestyle is sold, this type of sprawl

thoughts

appendix

16

....

17

....

is applied imagery and not a skin. It has no architectural integration, and therefore simply a material aesthetic. By re-integrating the façade as a communicative occupyable skin or skins, the foundation of architecture can re-emerge. Vitruvius used the human body for balance and order so that façades could communicate a story. I will apply the human body as another method of design and communication. The networks of parts which

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Milieu_ noun: 1. french for middle ground. 2. implies a boundary or threshold not physically attainable. 3. used in context as a communicative system or network imbedded within the skin[s] of the project...[the sensory pathways for human interaction].

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

make up the human body, will communicate

#†‡ˆ

$

and 1990s.

and the interior organs.

architectural layering found in Times Square. These original theatres and music halls have been continuously re-adapted to different programs. Some have been refurbished and some have been demolished, but there is an existing layer of originality in Times Square. Rem Koolhaas implied that Manhattan was perpetually re-building itself, interwoven layer after layer.

Therefore the

skin[s] becomes the communicative “milieu� between the environment and the building

where the physical and phenomenological interaction will occur, mimicking sensations as program use, as if the media responded to the interactions of the program‌like a human face, communicating by blushing and sweating?18 Although Times Square becomes an interesting study as to how an urban environment can be manipulated and controlled by consumer strategists. Walking down Broadway and seventh streets you will encounter a junction of animated publicity latching itself to any available vertical surface. This surrounding area stretching out to West 42nd and 47th streets in New York City is a media haven of O

by an amusement park of gaudy neon signs and billboards, has become known as the symbol of New York. Today it is recognized as a tourists attraction, but it was not always this „@ <

Times Square began as a theatre and music hall hub in the early 1900’s.19 After the depression of the 1930’s, Times Square grew into an eclectic neighborhood of sex, scandal,

thoughts

appendix

What is interesting, is the

18

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"

“the permanence can never end or even progress in the conventional sense of dramatic plotting; it can only be the cyclic restatement of a single theme: creation and destruction irrevocably interlocked, endlessly re-enacted. The only suspense in the spectacle comes from the constantly escalating intensity of the performance.� (Koolhaas – Delirous New York, 15)

This idea that an archeological past still exists in Times Square is important. Without this physical presence of origin, Times Square would be reduced to impertinent signage. Although there is a historical root behind Times Square, its presence is masked by high-tech $ @ € framing the relic New Amsterdam Theatre in gaudy signage for the consumer individual.20

19

....

20

...

""

This over exposed immersive environment

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The image of architecture is being perceived as a consumer driven landscape, and only engaging the

omitting the complexity of design.

Studying the human body as a system of parts connected and communicated through its sensory skin

‰

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

see applied: “brilliant architecture creating

architectural constructs located on this site. In 1992 a group called the Times Square Business Improvement District was established to rejuvenate the area encompassing Times Square. Due to the importance of this site, the Times Square BID has created its own miniaturized city. This district within Manhattan is an autonomous security zone, with its own police force, waste removal, and homeless outreach programs.21

dazzling gateways to the rejuvenated strip.� 24 This statement addresses a design condition where the interaction of the individual and the street entrance becomes the highlight of the “strip�. It’s the only circumstance where you

within this animated fabric. This idea of a gateway is the fundamental structure of the thesis. Studying the human body as a system of parts connected and communicated through

of adjacency off the street edge. It will therefore map urban interaction points, where a user can initiate activation. This moment of habitation within the public space, will be derived through the buildings application as an environment to occupy.

parameters for any new development or leasing opportunities. These parameters dictate a “vividâ€? around the clock pedestrian interaction, emphasis on extravagant signage on street corners, and most important‌all new developments must contain commercial iconography to illuminated the street edge.22 These design parameters are mainly consumerist design strategies, focusing on

application of media and imagery is becoming less and less referenced to the building and more inclined as a light show. The historical and modern presence of architecture is hidden behind New York’s cosmetic facelift. This metaphor - “the skin is slit open, pulled tight, and reattached,�23 ' Š

statement of Manhattan continuously rebuilding itself. I question and condone one parameter they dictate which I do not

This design situation occurs because the separation of the urbanite and the built environment has come to a climax. The image of architecture is being perceived as a consumer driven landscape, and only engaging

the complexity of design. An activation of the physical and phenomenological interactions of the human individual and architecture should be investigated and revived. Our society will not change, but only grow and therefore our engagement is key in developing a cohesive interaction between consumer urbanites and urban architecture.

thoughts

24

appendix

...

""

...

"

...

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21

24

22

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q u e s t i o n i n g ................delineating..........coding deconstructing................deriving.............suggesting............ specifying............. instigating ...................subtracting ................occupying...............deploying.............................. installing....................categorizing.......displaying................. transferring..........transforming................ highlighting................ finding............ meandering .................traveling.......sharing .........swapping.........deviating...... detouring.........constructing ......... habitating ......interacting....activating............ c o m m u n i c a t i n g . . . . . . . . m e rg i n g . . . . . . . . g r a f t i n g . . . . . . . . . r e configuring.....modulating........... un-plugging ......... plugging..............retracting.........locking........joining ............informing........brewing.........PROGRAMMING

PROGRAM WEB: input The design Intent is an investigation in the re-comm

MATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by natural symbolism, imagery compatible with natural processes / “soul” cannot exist without body; rebirth principle

Matriarchal Lineage

The Human Body Fashion industry / indust New layer of skin / branded with new armor / extension of envelope

extension of memory / part of my identity technologies have extended the human senses and have become new media appendages

grafted interfaces linking information, communication, and entertainment

mechanism to plug into - respond to

Exteroception / Proprioception / Interoception

responding and communicating through “blushing and sweating”

sense of the body react to senses of the building Surface,

Non-reciprical looking / the bubble / personalized environments

What happens when there is no intimate relationship with urban fabric

The end result will be an attempt in facilitating an interac

abstract

statement

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specification

thoughts

appendix

munication between the individual and architecture.

PATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by anti-natural symbolism, imagery incompatible with natural processes or at least artificial or mechanical / “soul” seeks release from body; immortality principle

Patriarchal Lineage

Consumer Devices rial design / Architecture

Identity

Marker,

human

branding

as

a

response

to

classification

The idea of an “artifact” becomes the key cognitive relationship, between user and product interface

[code-map_1] Media

driven

“rainforest”

/

the

billboards

division

/

selling

a

lifestyle.

Marketing: the edifice was the first cultural representation...today not integrate as a communicator.

Product form / exterior communicating information / quality and perception of life .

Material, sensory qualities, originality and creative innovation

Psychological effects of material possessions

ction between the individual, the street, and the building 339-3/002006-11-11_036/037

Activation_ verb: 1. an instance of birth through transmission of force. 2. to set in motion a series of events. 3. in context, activation is the renewal of user participation within an urban setting.

Transient_ adjective: 1. to live, pass through, be acknowledged, make presence, or occupy shortly. 2. a person who travels without recognition of ones place and time. 3. the act of masking the perception of the environment.

Sensory Perception_ noun: 1. to acknowledge emotion through physiological interactions. 2. relates to senses (see pg. 12) with a grounding of placement in a setting. 3. the reception of stimuli affecting ones cognitive state.

abstract

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research

theory

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specification

This investigation and research is a process in

now adapting to this newly created ephemeral

city by processing our daily activities in quick

parameters. There are two primary guidelines

“stop and go actions.� It is now a matter of

for this code: the human body and consumer devices. These will be called the matriarchal and patriarchal lines (see code-map_1). From these lines will derive the conditions for design evaluation. The matriarchal line [the human body] will analyze, deconstruct, and re-construct conditions from the human body as a discovery mode in developing site and programmatic functions. The patriarchal line [consumer devices] will question the user activation of the project. With this weave or network of information we can develop a response to the ongoing urban shift (see codemap_2). This shift, again, is the separation between the transient individual and

traveling from point A to point B, and the

architecture. As stated, consumerism’s media devices have changed our sensory perception, having become integrated as new organ(s) within our bodies. Our realization of placement within the urban fabric is now masked through our cosmetic supplements and has changed the individual into a transient being. These supplements intend to be devices, added to

and to strengthen the body as a whole. They have extended our periphery senses, but have in-turn weakened our connection to the city. This masking has made us partially oblivious to the surrounding environment, and we are

thoughts

appendix

distance between is occupied by the media grafted to our body. Antonin Artaud, an avant-garde poet and playwright wrote this quote about the human body as a machine. “Under the skin the body is an over-heated factory,/ and outside,/ the invalid shines,/ glows,/ from every burst pore.â€?1 I interpret it as a symbolism of what is occurring in today’s age. We‌the individual‌ the human body, within the realm of our physical and phenomenological interaction to urbanity, are becoming deactivated machines. The mechanisms of our bodily functions, such as walking, driving, and eating breakfast, work but our sensory interactions with the city are disappearing. These media devices shelter our relation to the city and to other transitive urbanites. Artaud continues with a “declaration of warâ€? on the human body; “The body is the body/ it is all by itself/ and has no need of organs/ the body is never an organism/ organisms are the enemies of the bodyâ€?2‌.“for you can tie me up if you wish, but there is nothing more useless than an organ.â€?3 Although I do not agree with his statement that the body’s organs are useless, I do believe the interpretations of the “body

1

._ [program theory]

2

._

3

._

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Masking_ verb: 1. to shield or hide something. 2. shadowing or dissipating in reference to place. 3. in context, masking refers to the perceptual and psychological removal of the city. this is a condition created un-willingly and accidental, which can be adjusted for.

abstract

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research

without organs� in Delueze and Guattari’s Anti-Oedipus and A Thousand Plateaus are good illustrations behind the reasoning of the separation within today’s society. Their concept of “the body without organs� implies that within society there are conditions or circumstances which remove the functions of organs within the human body and reshape our sensory systems. These conditions dictate instances where our human psyche disregards the role of the body’s mechanisms in response

$ We are “desiring-

machines,� man and nature combined as one system of relationships, and that

$

share in nature.4 This idea of a homogenous cycle is a very important variable in this design code. The presence of consumer media is not a factor that can be removed from society, and in turn should be incorporated with design as an adapted mode of thinking. The conditions that Delueze and Guattari speak of, “the body

<

‹ the hypochondriac body, the paranoid body, the schizo body, the drugged body, and the masochist body.5 For example, the drugged body refers to a body

the space where the organs once were. They imply then, that the organs no longer function within the correct application that they were designed for. It references a masking of our

theory

code

specification

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appendix

senses in response to the outside world. The hypochondriac may only see the world as a germ infested surface, and the paranoid will always feel as though he is under attack. In all of these parameters there are instances $

implemented a change within the psyche and then inherently with our body and senses. I believe that in today’s consumer driven world, we have a new condition which can be applied to this “body without organs.� Our attachment to consumer products has become the sixth circumstance: the cybernetic These media devices are masking the urban environment from us. They are creating new anti-social/personalized environments within the psyche and are re-formulating the presence of the urban environment upon our senses. The eye as an organ, no longer focuses on the immediate surroundings, but instead creates a mental image in response to what the media device is focused on. We could say that we are suppressing our physical response to sensory stimuli. What becomes interesting is this idea of a personal environment. What happens when urban

of private environments? This is where the

variables. These variables, parameters, and questions derive relationships from one another and attempt to create design logic.

body 4

_..

5

_..

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PROGRAM WEB: output The design Intent is an investigation in the re-comm

MATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by natural symbolism, imagery compatible with natural processes / “soul” cannot exist without body; rebirth principle

Matriarchal Lineage

The Human Body Fashion industry / indust

Exteroception

/

Proprioception

/

Interoception

Facade - Skin - Armour - Facilitator User activator

Organs

and

Informative

Corridors

Interface / cognitive relationship Mechanical system and network of interfaces.

Communicator - user / urban fabric Application as extension for body - Mechanism

Access to temporary environments. Information Corridors

Sensory stimuli Main Programmatic function - Spine Network Integration of personalized environment into the interaction of urban fabric

Facilities / administration / program functions. Docking bays for “plugs” Secondary Programmatic Functions

Surface - Material

Positioning in Space Where do the interactions need to occur to re-integrate the user back into the building? How do we adapt architecture to the consumer driven landscape? Consumer media is not a factor that can be removed from society, and in turn should be incorporated with design as an adapted mode of thinking. How do you design for a user group that responds to ephemeral vision? What happens to urban space when it is masked? What happens when urban public space is filled with infinite private environments?

PROGRAM SHOULD BE A DAILY ACTIVITY FOR THE TRANSITIVE INDIVIDUAL. IT SHOULD BE A MOMENT WHERE PROGRAM AND HUMAN INTERACTION OCCUR IN THE URBAN FABRIC. IT SHOULD BE ABLE TO RETAIN ITS EPHEMERAL CHARACTERISTICS, BUT INTEGRATE ITSELF AND THE USER. Site requirements become adjacencies to public squares or street level w/ enough sqft to have an “interaction ground.” Proposed for any urban environment...may be customized for cultural specifications. Pre-Fab mechanical interfaces and docking stations as well as interior media modules.

The end result will be an attempt in facilitating an intera

abstract

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research

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specification

thoughts

appendix

munication between the individual and architecture.

PATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by anti-natural symbolism, imagery incompatible with natural processes or at least artificial or mechanical / “soul” seeks release from body; immortality principle

Patriarchal Lineage

Consumer Devices trial design / Architecture

User Application

How do bodies perform or react differently to the interfaces? Do we change as individuals? How? Why?

[code-map_2]

The physical attributes to architecture should be taken into consideration as a “latching tool” for the individual. What happens when we detach from them? How do we feel when we detach / loose them? Where do the mechanized interfaces come from? Re-tractable modules? Self Service Application? Application must be accessed from street level...traveling urbanite interaction. What type of information, communication, and entertainment is provided? Interior organs, must relate to Media devices. What is the psychological affect on the individual? Does it change the perception of the environment? DOES THE ENVIRONMENT ADAPT AND MERGE WITH THE PRIVATIZED BUBBLE, INTO A HOMOGENEOUS INTERACTION? I.E. PROBLEM OF SEPARATION HAS BEEN REACTIVATED THROUGH HUMAN INTERVENTION, BUT THE EPHEMERAL QUALITIES OF MEDIA DEVICES ARE STILL ACTIVE.

ction between the individual, the street, and the building

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Inhibitor_ noun: 1. an accelerator of a situation. 2. increaser level of stimuli. 3. inhibitors do not work on their own, they attach to a given thing, and tunes their senses (positively and negatively). 4. in context, the inhibitors are the media devices which mask our environment. as objects they increase the level of perception and recognition within an urban setting.

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

The program code will consist of three phases:

In order to re-engage the individual off the

the project birth, the project placement, the

street and activate program, the physical and

project application. This code is a response to the research of consumerism, the effect it >

devices and marketing billboards), and the systems and networks of the human body. With this collection of data, a design condition was observed implementing an approach scheme. This data was then categorized, diagramed, and applied to these three phases in attempt to develop a solution for the separation, and a reinteraction between the transitive urbanite and the ephemeral city. The following section may need to be referred back to these diagrams for further understanding (code-map_1 + 2).

phenomenological interaction will occur within

The Project Birth is the inception of the proposed project elements for this thesis. To derive the main application for this project we have to consider the research for factors and limitations to design with. In this situation, a series of questions were derived, with which

Question 1: Where do the interactions need to occur to re-establish the physical and phenomenological communication between the individual and architecture? The design

between the transient individual and the urban fabric must occur at the street edge.

thoughts

appendix

the skin[s] of the building. As stated earlier the skin[s] should have moments of habitation to occupy and a certain amount of depth. Question 2: Since consumer media is not a factor which can be removed, how do we adapt architecture to the consumer driven landscape? This project focuses on media devices as an inhibitor for this ephemeral masking as well as a source for information, communication, and entertainment. With this in consideration, this project will incorporate the applied logic and services of media and technology information. This logic may articulate methods and principals, which these devices can communicate with design attributes for the user. Question 3: How do you design for a user group that responds to this ephemeral vision? This circumstance relates to question 2, but

O

is a sophisticated assemblage of signals, rumors, and images, in a constant attempt

“lifestyles� into products.1 It is an instance which will not change but only continue to develop. By understanding this concept, the design of this project should adapt

[program code]

1

_____

339-3/002006-11-11_0044/045

abstract

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theory

code

specification

`

themselves. This could perhaps relieve some

modifying the transient urbanite’s “bubble�,

of the information gathering from the public

without subjugating or disrupting their mind’s

space.

framework, a harmonious interaction between

deploy mini-environments onto public spaces,

the user and the project may be re-activated. The project’s main program should then incorporate the ideas of functions which can be applicable to a transient individual as an %

$

attempting to re-activate the independent

Question 4: What happens when urban

of private environments? This is a question could be a thesis on its own, but has relevance to this project. The scale of this idea is much larger than that of the separation in which this thesis speaks of, but implies the loss of human interaction with one another. The awkward approach to a stranger has disappeared. Your !

you from the unwanted interactions with people such as the homeless or street side marketers. It is classifying the individual as an extreme independent, and brings forth an interesting programmatic relationship for this project. Although the project is focused on the application of the user and the street edge, there is a secondary program which can evolve. Within the basic programmatic functions of the building, there could be individualized environments for users to gather information, communicate, or entertain

thoughts

appendix

Another resolution could perhaps

individual. In response to these questions and conditions, a design proposal has been achieved. The project birth will be an urban coffee distribution center. It will engage the urbanite off the street edge with a series of automated coffee pumps. There would be a type of interface activated from a skin[s] to supply to the user group “get in and get out.� There will be a secondary program element activated from another skin[s] to accommodate the user group “relaxed informative.� They will have the opportunity to get coffee (automated as well) and interact with an array of informative media devices. Details of these functions will be applied in the phase The Project Application. The Project Placement phase derives possibilities for applicable sites. It will look into research of current coffee markets for application as well as design improvements. Starbucks coffee will be the primary source for comparison. The world distribution of Starbucks Coffee is diagramed in code-map_3. The Starbucks Corporation has reached out to

339-3/002006-11-11_0046/047

united kingdom germany france swissaustria greece turkey spain lebanon kuwait cyprus saudia arabia

canada

united states hawaii

japan south korea beijing shanghai thailand taiwan hong kong singapore malaysia

peru argentina chile

australia new zealand

[Global

sites

for

Starbucks:

code-map_3]

abstract

statement

research

the international market and as of October 5th, 2006 it consists of over 12,000 stores in 37 countries.2 Starbucks has come into debate over the last few years, due to their globalized expansion. What is interesting to see is that although Starbucks is the monopoly giant which we all know, it only accounts for roughly two percent of global coffee production.3 This illustrates the consumption of coffee around

‰ %

new design approach and delivery method. Within the United States, Starbucks accounts for 8,905 retail stores (code-map_4) and has just announced its plan to increase worldwide stores from 12,000 to 40,000. Approximately 3 stores open daily, and if they reach their quota, they would double to triple the amount of Starbucks stores in the United States. Figure 17 demonstrates the urban congestion of cafes within a 3 mile radius of city hall in Philadelphia. This bring into question whether it is necessary to clutter the urban fabric with

‘ I don’t question the need for coffee, but in most of these torrefactions the coffee is premeasured and implemented in the design of an automated machine. The interaction with employee personnel is very limited and can be experienced while this ephemeral masking is activated. In addition, with the exception to a numerous but proportionately small amount

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

of consumers, 80% of coffee drinkers are in

„

<* This implies that programmatically, distribution

This therefore leads to the concept of a SelfService (SST) activation off the street edge. “SSTs are technological interfaces that enable customers to produce a service independent of direct service employee involvement.� (Bitner, 50) Imagine, walking through the city and then suddenly activating a kiosk interface for coffee dispensing. It would be as convenient as an ATM machine, Wawa sandwich selection interface, or a “pay at the pump� terminal. Numerous branches or outposts could be implemented upon the street edge, eliminating long lines and potentially decrease price due to less physical employment.

2

.

..

3

.__

The concept of the program is designated by a system of skin[s] and surfaces which the human could physically inhabit and activate. This environment will have the ability through SST technology to service the city as a whole. It could also then be implemented in any urban environment‌globally, even customized, assuming that consumer society in that area is applicable to the design code. For the application of a building program, its

The potential users could be any urbanite, but These statistics were taken off a personal survey, and is not meant to

* factual...only estimated.

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rivers ----distribution_centers -----

no_build ZONE -----

----- square/free_space r

----- temp_kiosk urban_voids an n --------- urban_growth w

[Urban Voids Philadelphia / Sites: code-map_6]

abstract

statement

research

theory

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specification

would probably have a high success rate with

development of these mechanisms, in which

an age group of 15 – 35.

this phase talks about, is again derived from this design code.

The urban coffee distribution center would need an acceptable amount of open square feet adjacent to the street edge. This could be referenced as a square or piazza, open to

” •

The interfaces would form habitation dents in the surfaces off the street edge. In order for the street to be “invited� into the square, its juxtaposition should be at least 50ft long. The program would ultimately work best on a two sided street lot or positioned adjacent to a public meeting ground (i.e. square, park, etc.) Independent kiosks or remote outposts could

‰

nodes would be one to two habitation dents in a surface implemented like an installation on the city; plugged in as programmatic

interactions in public environments, such as deployable cafĂŠs randomly extracted in parks and squares. The Project Application becomes the

looks at the interaction of the human body in the project scope. This phase details the concept of how the building provides a function and is simultaneously a communicator. The

thoughts

appendix

The project application is

highlighted by a three word principal, taken from Teyssot’s “Mutant Body of Architecture:�4 Exteroception / Proprioception / Interoception. I will begin with Proprioception, which deals with our senses and our positioning of

movements of the human body and how they react to the given interface, as well as the placements of appendages. The control of the human body is referenced as a collection of movements and gestures translated as one mechanism and not a series of independent This is important parts.5 (Foucault, 137) to apply within this project, because it integrates the three design programs as one mechanical body working in unison. These design programs have individual qualities [retail – individual movements and gestures], but become communicative as a whole. The ‰

human bodies‌working as a mechanism.

4

_

""

4

._.

â€œâ€Śscale of the control: it was question not of treating the body, en masse, ‘wholesale’, as if it were an in dissociable unity, but of working it ‘retail’, individually; of exercising upon a subtle coercion, of obtaining holds upon it at the level of the mechanism itself – movements, gestures,

‹

339-3/002006-11-11_0050/051

abstract

statement

research

over the active body.� (Foucault, 137)

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

These spaces, designed for the “relaxed informative,� are mini-media hubs constituted

~%

is applied to the skin[s] of the environment. It is the facilitator of mechanisms and the boundary of interaction. In the vicinity of the building’s habitation dents there would be a sensor interface, which would allow you to pay for programmatic requirements as well as engaging the mechanism for the coffee kiosk. This interface is where the user will develop a cognitive relationship between the act of interaction and the receiving of coffee. The skin[s] will also be the main communicative network between the user and program. It will attempt to react to conditions delineated by the privatized environments within the buildings limitations. A locking mechanism will also be integrated within the surfaces of the building, '

surface habitation dents will be pre-fabricated elements, removable for repair situations as well as for cleaning and maintenance. The design of the modular kiosks will be the same pre-fabricated elements, which can be plugged in throughout the city.

with video and music interfaces, internet cafes, library resources, and current news. In addition to these spaces are the typical program requirements, such as mechanical room, public facilities, IT department, stocking department, and administration. Access to the media modules would be a time duration payment method – price per minute, via a type of phone scan or RFID card system.

The last program application is Interoception, which relates to the interior organs of the building. Its featured spaces are the “media modules,� which are the privatized environments and the information corridors.

339-3/002006-11-11_0052/053

....the properties of caffeine, when brewed to a correct aroma, would “rush into the bloodstreams of urbanites, frantic for the fuel needed to get around the next lap‌it was black gold‌and you could hardly

<

(Sollman, 1)

abstract

statement

research

Through the development of this design code, architectural conditions have be stated which will be further elaborated within this program

is an automated coffee distribution center which will contain various human interactions. The two user groups, “get in and get out� and “the relaxed informative,� set the initial groundwork for architectural exploration. The “get in and get out� user group activates the program from a public environment and subtracts private space for temporary occupation. The “relaxed informative� user group activates program individually and through activation creates a communication, merging privatized spaces into a collective public space. These activations become automated, and set grounds for the layering of privatized public space. The idea of automation is a controversial topic within societies because it tends to suggest either the physical removal of the employee or the removal of human interaction. Although this topic will always have a negative shadow, we embrace it more often than one imagines. We have interactions daily with automation services, which bring a sense of ease to our life. Services such as Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) and credit card pumping stations are just the most common of activities we interact

theory

code

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thoughts

with. The most profound automation service of the last century was Horn and Hardart’s “AUTOMAT.â€? The Automat was the originator of fast food and for 30 years became a cultural meeting point throughout New York and Philadelphia. It was a system of mechanical windows aligned along the interiors of art deco furnished cafeterias. Philip Langdon describes these walls as “not just machinery, but machinery with splendor‌an entire room would be enveloped in an ennobling, continuous rhythm.â€?1 These windows were the interaction points between the cooks and clients. Within these windows a selection of meals would advertise its delectableness, and users would choose by what favored them at that instance. These automat cafeterias promoted a meeting place for all people. They were common to the point where each neighborhood had their own, and with that there own status clientele. These cafeterias as meeting places tuned the urban environment by activating the urbanite off the street edge. The automats’ success was primarily due to Frank Hardart’s specialty “French Roastâ€?

—

coffee beans in reaction to complaints from French visitors in New Orleans. He quickly realized that the properties of caffeine, when brewed to a correct aroma, would “rush into the bloodstreams of urbanites, frantic for the fuel needed to get around the next lap‌it

appendix

1

_..

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abstract

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€

better way to spend a nickel.�2 The Automat acknowledged the necessity for a good quick cup Joe‌something accessible without long lines and a potential to activate the public environment. These conditions and the idea of a machinery of splendor, one with continuous rhythm, are good parallels of study for the design of this project. The Automat was also one of the most initial successful vending apparatuses. In Japanese

adopted the vending machine as a primary device for sales. With the growing number of inhabitants in Japanese cities, the living space has greatly reduced. There is less storage space in Japanese living containers, where a demand for smaller and more daily consumption occurs. In Japan there is an estimated 23 people per vending machine which introduces a cascade of automated services aligned along the street edge.3 You

beer, cigarettes, books, toilet paper, iPods, and even pearl necklaces. The Japanese have ingrained the automation services into their daily lifestyle and have developed systems for consumer ease. As stated earlier the phone system in Japan is developed to purchase goods from these vending machines, via barcode scanning. This system, or one of an

theory

code

specification

RFID card, can allow for users to activate the distribution center’s coffee pumps though the use of their media devices.

thoughts

appendix

2

...

Z

to design for, we can specify architectural instances. These instances become the interaction points within the project’s scope. They are moments along paths‌meandering nodes which delineate a programmatic activation between the user and an activity. $

skin[s] and highlight different users. The diagramming of potential activity within applied contexts will allow for the formal development of the habitation dents. activities‌‌‌‌‌‌‌. 1. independent coffee extraction_ This

will be activated from the street edge. This activation serves to continue and un-halter

$

allow for the individual to receive a selection of coffees directly off the street. The urbanite’s “bubble� will not be disrupted due to human ˜

™ˆ $

$

activities throughout the project skins. Again this relates to Foucault’s idea that the

2

....

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abstract

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theory

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individual activities demonstrate a qualitative

forming one continuous surface, the chairs

gesture, but when connected as a system,

act as sound barriers and seclude themselves

it becomes an activated organism.

from the gallery space.

A “non-

connected to a series of microphones which

different users through activated systems of

are on a pulley system. These microphones

media.

sway along the gallery ceiling, streaming for If a chair moves

This activity is also the primary habitation dent. It re-vitalizes the street edge and reweaves the fabric of our urban landscape. These dents are the prefabricated systems,

throughout the urban fabric. They will be

from its aligned context, it breaks the sound

approximately 25 sqft per dent, encompassing the coffee delivery system, media interface, and skin. Although there will be an anchored “body� within the city, these appendages will communicate an urban network back the ™ˆ $

may also be applied here.

%

$ ” •€

Another interesting condition to observe will be the shift in the “continuous rhythm� of the skin when dents are unplugged. The š

Lewis give examples of how these conditions may occur. In their project “eavesdropping,� a series of modulated 12 foot chairs form a collective surface within an existing gallery space. These chairs are designed to be situated facing another wall with mounted speakers. When these chairs are aligned

appendix

The speakers are

reciprocal� communication occurs between

conversations to record.

thoughts

barrier and severs the communication. It is an interesting analysis as to how individual private space can be temporarily subtracted from public space. In relation to the habitation dents, their removal from one location to the network information received.

Their project

“slipspace� is another installation which notates

another space. They use a table, three stools and a bookshelf as human interaction points. When activated these pieces of furniture shift $

the basement. Activation through weight is the primarily force of change and represent a different condition as different users activate. 2. subtracted space_ This is the primary activity for the “relaxed informative,â€? but should be noted that activity one [independent coffee extraction] applies to all users. Although the initial interaction will not be the same, the idea of automation‌coffee consumption‌and $

339-3/002006-11-11_058/059

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

groups activate the skin[s] which make up

3. viewing room_ These stations highlighted

„ <

above will automatically gather information

limits of the distribution center though program

which people research: news, music, or

and they will initiate the media cataloging. The “relaxed informative� are individuals who enjoy their brew while absorbing different sets

” •

#›ˆˆ

sqft “free zones,� where more elaborate media

dents will provide the media technology stated earlier, such as iNet cafĂŠ and visual/auditory stations. These stations allow for change within the “free zones,â€? suggesting possible

š \~Š

constructed a similar design condition in their projects: “INSPIRO-TAINER� and “TV-TANK/ ESPN WAITING LOUNGE.� The inspiro-tainer is a remodeled airport baggage container adapted for an individual to occupy, access %

module can be aligned with others to create a collective who share information. The TVTANK project was an initial study of dissecting an oil tank and transforming the interior into a media hub. Individuals would walk into a gallery space with these sections separated

{‡<

$

project for ESPN in JFK International Airport as a waiting station for those who wanted to watch ESPN coverage.

!

thoughts

appendix

$

communication web between “the body� and “appendages.�

It will also be integrated as

“information corridorsâ€? within the skin[s]‌ suggesting moments of rest. These rest stops can vary in size and the information shown may vary in duration.

The “free zones� and

“information corridorsâ€? are attempts to activate the urbanite away from his personal media and access information for communication and collective sharing. 4. deployed instigation_ Another interaction point which will attempt to reconnect the urbanite within the city is the deployable cafĂŠ. Similar to the “free zonesâ€? and “information corridors,â€? the deployable cafĂŠ strives to modify the urbanite from his media device. As stated earlier the public space is being confronted by thousands of privatized environments, and a loss of human interaction is occurring with these zones. This deployed cafĂŠ will instigate individuals to converge and interact in a public setting. Sites such as public squares, parks, sports settings, and playgrounds are examples of where deployment will occur. Large settings will not be the only urban setting activated; common

339-3/002006-11-11_060/061

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

339-3/002006-11-11_062/063

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

over-run on a given day.

This deployment

is again a random selection daily in order to

'

œ

have 6 stools‌juxtaposed awkwardly close to instigate interaction, and 1 habitation dent for the distribution of coffee.

5. excess_ This activity represents the rest of the formal program applied to this project. In addition to the four previous activities, the distribution center will have an open lobby of 1000 sqft, which will invite users off the street and through the skin[s]. There is a possibility of a retail space of 400sqft and administration services of 500-800 sqft. An IT center for the media will encompass 1000 sqft and storage for coffee supplies will be 800sqft. Mechanical and Services will be applicable by code.

339-3/002006-11-11_064/065

abstract

statement

research

This urban coffee distribution center will be a primary node for interaction within the city’s network.

It will persuade, instigate, and

facilitate human interactions‌both physically and phenomenologically.

It will act as a

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

/ and Amsterdam, Holland. These are three

which apply to the program code. Preliminary analysis and visitation will occur before the commencement of the design phase.

site within a larger context where paths and detours

converge

deviations.

and

create

interactive

The goal is to re-formulate the

transition off the street edge and modify personal environments in order to re-connect the individual to the urban fabric.

This is a

study of multiple scales and layering’s.

Z

possible without the excessive consumption of coffee, and I would like to thank La Colombe and Starbucks for providing excellent fuel during the manifestation of another solution.

It

involves the human body in a transient and physical state. It absorbs the city through a communication network and tunes our senses back to design. This project is an assemblage '

design code, in an attempt to re-expose the identity of architecture. The research collected throughout this thesis

Z

site is being evaluated at the corner of 20th and Walnut Streets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Additional sites for the appendages will be further categorized and a select few will be implemented as design conditions. The possibility of three additional sites will be researched as global applications. They will X � \ š ~

339-3/002006-11-11_066/067

code charts

C i t a t i on t i t l e referen ce :

co de -cyph e r _1]

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

Apple Computer, Inc. - “iPod your car” Artaud, Antonin - “Van Gogh, the Man Suicided by Society” “84” “To Have Done With the Judgement of God” Bitner, Mary Jo - “Self –Sevice Technologies” Bloch, Peter H. “Seeking the Ideal Form” Bull, Dr. Michael - “Bull Session With Professor iPod” Dahl, Darren W. - “The Use of Visual Mental Imagery in New Product Design” Diehl, Lorraine B. - “The AUTOMAT” Deleuze, Gilles - “The Desiring-Machines” “How do you make yourself a body without organs?” Diller, Elizabeth - “Flesh” Foucault, Michel - “Discipline and Punish” Giesler, Markus - “My iPod, My Self” Gizmodo.com - “iPods, Now In Black Coat” “Levis, Get into iPod Picture” Hasunuma, Linda Choi - “The Ubiquitous Vending Machine” Hugo, Victor - “This Will Kill That” Konomi, Shin’ichi - “Amazon Associate and QR Code” Koolhaas, Rem - “Delirious New York” Lovink, Geert - “New Media Culture in the Age of the New Economy” The NPD Group - “Wireless-News” Reuters - “Starbucks to double North American stores” Stollman, Steve - “Why should we care about some fast food restaurant?” Sussman, Mark - “New York’s Facelift” Trendwatching.com - “INFOLUST on the go” Teyssot, Georges - “The Mutant Body of Architecture” Wikipedia contributors - “Consumerism” “Ipod”

[appendix-a]

“Popular culture” “Starbucks” [ Citation title reference : code-cypher_2]

“Times square” 339-3/002006-11-11_070/071

PROGRAM WEB: input The design Intent is an investigation in the re-communication between the individual and architecture.

MATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by natural symbolism, imagery compatible with natural processes / “soul” cannot exist without body; rebirth principle

PATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by anti-natural symbolism, imagery incompatible with natural processes or at least artificial or mechanical / “soul” seeks release from body; immortality principle

Matriarchal Lineage

Patriarchal Lineage

The Human Body

Consumer Devices Fashion industry / industrial design / Architecture

New layer of skin / branded with new armor / extension of envelope

Identity

Marker,

human

branding

as

a

response

to

classification

The idea of an “artifact” becomes the key cognitive relationship, between user and product interface

extension of memory / part of my identity technologies have extended the human senses and have become new media appendages

Media

driven

“rainforest”

/

the

billboards

division

/

selling

a

lifestyle.

grafted interfaces linking information, communication, and entertainment

mechanism to plug into - respond to

Exteroception / Proprioception / Interoception

Marketing: the edifice was the first cultural representation...today not integrate as a communicator.

responding and communicating through “blushing and sweating”

Product form / exterior communicating information / quality and perception of life .

sense of the body react to senses of the building Surface, Material, sensory qualities, originality and creative innovation

Non-reciprical looking / the bubble / personalized environments Psychological effects of material possessions What happens when there is no intimate relationship with urban fabric

The end result will be an attempt in facilitating an interaction between the individual, the street, and the building

[ Program

web-output :

co de -m ap_1]

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

PROGRAM WEB: output The design Intent is an investigation in the re-communication between the individual and architecture.

MATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by natural symbolism, imagery compatible with natural processes / “soul” cannot exist without body; rebirth principle

PATRIARCHAL ATTITUDE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: Characterized by anti-natural symbolism, imagery incompatible with natural processes or at least artificial or mechanical / “soul” seeks release from body; immortality principle

Matriarchal Lineage

Patriarchal Lineage

The Human Body

Consumer Devices Fashion industry / industrial design / Architecture

Exteroception

/

Proprioception

/

Interoception

Facade - Skin - Armour - Facilitator User activator

Organs

and

Informative

Corridors

User Application

Interface / cognitive relationship Mechanical system and network of interfaces.

Communicator - user / urban fabric

Access to temporary environments.

Application as extension for body - Mechanism

Information Corridors

Sensory stimuli

Facilities / administration / program functions.

Main Programmatic function - Spine Network

Docking bays for “plugs”

Integration of personalized environment into the interaction of urban fabric

Secondary Programmatic Functions

How do bodies perform or react differently to the interfaces? Do we change as individuals? How? Why? The physical attributes to architecture should be taken into consideration as a “latching tool” for the individual. What happens when we detach from them? How do we feel when we detach / loose them? Where do the mechanized interfaces come from? Re-tractable modules? Self Service Application?

Surface - Material

Application must be accessed from street level...traveling urbanite interaction.

Positioning in Space

What type of information, communication, and entertainment is provided?

Where do the interactions need to occur to re-integrate the user back into the building?

Interior organs, must relate to Media devices. What is the psychological affect on the individual?

How do we adapt architecture to the consumer driven landscape?

Does it change the perception of the environment?

Consumer media is not a factor that can be removed from society, and in turn should be incorporated with design as an adapted mode of thinking.

DOES THE ENVIRONMENT ADAPT AND MERGE WITH THE PRIVATIZED BUBBLE, INTO A HOMOGENEOUS INTERACTION? I.E. PROBLEM OF SEPARATION HAS BEEN REACTIVATED THROUGH HUMAN INTERVENTION, BUT THE EPHEMERAL QUALITIES OF MEDIA DEVICES ARE STILL ACTIVE.

How do you design for a user group that responds to ephemeral vision? What happens to urban space when it is masked? What happens when urban public space is filled with infinite private environments?

PROGRAM SHOULD BE A DAILY ACTIVITY FOR THE TRANSITIVE INDIVIDUAL. IT SHOULD BE A MOMENT WHERE PROGRAM AND HUMAN INTERACTION OCCUR IN THE URBAN FABRIC. IT SHOULD BE ABLE TO RETAIN ITS EPHEMERAL CHARACTERISTICS, BUT INTEGRATE ITSELF AND THE USER. Site requirements become adjacencies to public squares or street level w/ enough sqft to have an “interaction ground.” Proposed for any urban environment...may be customized for cultural specifications. Pre-Fab mechanical interfaces and docking stations as well as interior media modules.

The end result will be an attempt in facilitating an interaction between the individual, the street, and the building

[appendix-a]

[ Program

web-output :

co de -m ap_2] 339-3/002006-11-11_072/073

united kingdom germany france swissaustria greece turkey spain lebanon kuwait cyprus saudia arabia

canada

united states hawaii

japan south korea beijing shanghai thailand taiwan hong kong singapore malaysia

peru argentina chile

australia new zealand

[Global

sites

for

Starbucks:

code-map_3]

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

Retail Stores [500]

Retail Stores [100]

Retail Stores [1-25]

Total Starbucks Retail Stores iin the United States = 8,905 as of October 26, 2006 All information was taken from www.Starbucks.com

[appendix-a]

[American sites for Starbucks: code-map_4] 339-3/002006-11-11_074/075

Congestion of other cafes / Philadelphia / Center City Congestion of Starbucks / Philadelphia / Center City

[Coffee exposure in Philadelphia: code-map_5]

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

rivers ----distribution_centers -----

no_build ZONE -----

----- square/free_space r

----- temp_kiosk urban_voids an n ----w ----- urban_growth

[appendix-a]

[Urban Voids Philadelphia / Sites: code-map_6] 339-3/002006-11-11_076/077

illustrations

001

"

002

"

003

"

004

"

005

"

006

"

007

"

008

"

009

"

010

"

“EMBANKMENT-resin cast cardboard boxs,� Rachel Whiteread, from The Turbine Hall Exhibition at the Tate Modern, 2005 http://www.picturesnstuff.co.uk/old/ Packaging information on consumerism taken from: http://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel.asp?aId=23188 http://peak.van.fedex.com/faqs.php

011

"

012

"

013

"

“Label Whore 4,� Christopher Kuhn Collage on Paper, 7 x 6 in., 2004 / Collection of Jason P. Hirsh, London http://www.christopherkuhn.com/Sexual%20Content/ Label%20Whore%204.html

014

"

“Bride in White Gazar,� Cristobal Balenciaga, 1967 ~ ! @ J O Flesh. Sourced by George Tessyot, New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1994. Pg. 12

015

"

016

"

“Convertable Skirt/Table,� Hussein Chalayan, from AFTERWORDS collection, autumn/winter 2000-01_London Taken from Skin + Bones: parallel practices in fashion and architecure. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006. 60-61

017

"

“Mobius Dress,� MY STUDIO/Howler + Yoon Architecture, from Concept Clothing: Cambridge, MA 2004-05 http://www.mystudio.us http://www.mystudio.us/MobiusDress.pdf

018

"

019

"

020

"

“iPod� http://www.warm2kids.com/guest/teen/28/108/628/index.htm

“Times Square� h t t p : / / e x p l o r e r. a l t o p i x . c o m / m e d i a / 9 f z 8 d / 1 / 2 / S q u a r e _ O n e . htm?order=date

“Curtain Wall House,� Shigeru Ban Architects, Tokyo 1993-95 Taken from Skin + Bones: parallel practices in fashion and architecure. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006. 52-55

“QR code phones,� Trendwatching.com. “INFOLUST on the go,� INFOLUST.com. 2006. http://www.trendwatching.com/trends/infolust. htm (1 November 2006).

“iPod nano,� http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod

“iPod sleeve,� http://store.apple.com/1-800-MY-APPLE/WebObjects/AppleStore.woa

“ ,� http://odeo.com/audio/1337225/view

“Shaved Tulle Dress,� Hussein Chalayan, from BEFORE MINUS NOW collection, spring/summer 2000_London Taken from Skin + Bones: parallel practices in fashion and architecure. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2006. 62

“Unknown,� source unkown car imaged habitatable tent

“Kokon Double Chair, 1999� Jurgen Bey, b. 1965 (Droog Design Collection) Taken from Skin: surface, substance, + design, by Ellen Lupton, Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museam - Smithsonian Institution. New York: The Princeton Architectural Press, 2002. 79

“Phantom Limb Photographs,� Lynn Hershman, 1980 – 1990 Hershman quoted “These works merge human bodies with technological cyborgian attributes, pointing out our reliance on electronics and media , and how it invades our physical and psychological collective selves.� Taken from Media Art Net - http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/works/ phantom-limb-photographs/

“Marketing,� Random urban publicity taken from images.google.com

MIX

“iPod phone,� http://www.mobilewhack.com/reviews/is_the_apple_ipod_phone_on_ its_way.html

“Media Devices,� Unknown, taken from images.google.com

MIX

“Barcodes,� http://www.trendwatching.com/trends/infolust.htm 2006). http://image.goole.com

(1

November

021

"

022

"

023

"

024

"

025

"

026

"

027

"

028

"

029

"

030

"

“Everyware: the dawning of ubiquitous computing < Z ‚ http://www.studies-observations.com/everyware/samples.html

“Ping Body,� Stelarc from the DEAF96 festival http://www.rex.opennet.org/DEAF/96/nodes/Stelarc/preview12.html

“iPod,� Photographed by Chris Moriarty http://www.sff.net/people/moriarty/photography.html

“iPod statistics,� All graphical information was taken from Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod

“iPod bathroom,� http://www.popgadget.net/devices/

“iPod car interface,� http://store.apple.com/1-800-MY-APPLE/WebObjects/AppleStore.woa

“iPod jacket,� http:// us.gizmodo.com/gadgets/portable-media/ipods-now-in-blackcoat-148804.php

MIX

“iPods,� All images taken from Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod

“iPod stories,� http://www.ipodstories.com/

“Recommendation for a monument,� Robert Venturi, taken from This is not Architecture: media constructions. New York: Routledge, 2002. 72

abstract

031

"

032

"

033

"

034

"

035

"

036

"

037

"

038

"

039

"

040

"

statement

research

“Times Square,” http://www.stanford.edu/~manos/pictures/Times%20Square.jpg

“Times Square,” photography by Spencer Tunick, 1997 http://www.pcnat.it/Times%20Square%20NYC%201997.jpg

“Times Square” http://fortes.com/2005/09/27/timessquare/timessquarepano.jpg

“Gepetto 2, Gepetto 1, 1999” photography by Margi Geerlinks, b. 1970 Stux Gallery, New York Taken from Skin: surface, substance, + design, by Ellen Lupton, Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museam - Smithsonian Institution. New York: The Princeton Architectural Press, 2002. 90

“Facelift Diagram,” Unknown Taken from images.google.com

“Modern Adam and Eve,” Shigeru Ban Architects, Tokyo 1993-95 h t t p : / / v i r g i n i a w a t e r c o l o r s o c i e t y. o r g / A l e x P o w e r s / 1 _ ModernAdamAndEve.jpg

“The Internal Organs of a Cyborg,” Jane Prophet, http://www.janeprophet.com/cyborg1.html

“Technologies of the Gendered Body: Reading Cyborg Women,” Anne Balsamo - Book Cover http://ec1.images-amazon.com/images/P/0822316986.01._AA240_ SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg

“Bible code: volcanic destruction,” http://www.earthmountainview.com/yellowstone/yellowstone.htm

“Coffee Bean,” Unknown http://www.chemsoc.org/ExemplarChem/entries/2003/ loughborough_coffee/images/coffee_bean_single.jpg

041

"

042

"

043

"

044

"

045

"

046

"

047

"

048

"

049

"

050

"

theory

code

specification

“Ergonomics Diagram,” Unknown. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/4217/ergonomy.html

“Body Diagram,” Unknown http://courses.washington.edu/hypertxt/cgi-bin/12.228.185.206/ html/wordsinimages/wordthrutext.html

“Labyrinth Architecture and Body Mazes,” Gerard Pas, 1990 http://www.gerardpas.com/gallery/1990-94.html

“Industrial Body,” Gerard Pas, 1990 http://www.gerardpas.com/gallery/1990-94.html

“The Modulor,” Le Corbusier, http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Aegean/4217/ergonomy.html

“Lobbi_Ports,” Servo, 2002 Taken from Next Generation Architecture: folds, blobs, and boxes by Joseph Rosa. New York: Rizzoli, 2002. 198-99

051

"

052

"

053

"

054

"

055

"

056

"

thoughts

appendix

“Slipspace,” Lewis_Tsurumaki_Lewis, http://www.ltlwork.net/

“Deitch Projects and ESPN waiting station,” LOT/EK http://www.lot-ek.com/

“Inspiro-tainer,” LOT/EK http://www.lot-ek.com/

“Nobel Prize Winners,” photographed by Colin Gregory. British Library, 2006 http://www.colingregorypalmer.net/photos/united%20kingdom/ england/london/british%20library/british%20library-Pages/Image8. html

“Coffee Beans,” http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/JUPPOD/030318_ 1874_5123_xshs~Pile-of-Coffee-Beans-Posters.jpg

“Euro Barcode,” European Barcode of Countries Taken from Content by Rem Koolhaas - OMA. 2004. 384

Germany: Taschen,

“Automat” Frame taken from the movie Dark City directed by Alex Proyas.

“Automat,” Horn and Hardart, image is part of the original Automat in Philadelphia, now at the Smithsonian Institution. Taken from The Automat by Diehl and Hardart. New York: Clarkson Potter / Publishers, 2002. 15

“Autonomous Pedestrian Interfaces for Community Networking,” Leonardo Amerigo Bonanni’s Masters Thesis at MIT http://www.interactivearchitecture.org/category/furniture/

“Eavesdropping,” Lewis_Tsurumaki_Lewis, http://www.ltlwork.net/

[appendix-b]

339-3/002006-11-11_080/081

selected bibliography

abstract

._

_...

_...

_..

_..

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

_..

Deleuze, Gilles and Felix Guattari. “The Desiring-Machines,” In Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. tran. by Mark Seem and Robert Hurley. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983, 1-42.

_..

Deleuze, Gilles and Felix Guattari. “How do you make yourself a body without organs?,” In a thousand plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. tran. by Brian Massumi. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987, pg. 150.

_..

@ ~ ! J O

“Flesh,” New York: Princeton Architectural Press, Inc., 1994, 36-42.

._.

Dahl, Darren W. and Amitava Chattopadhyay and Gerald J Gorn. “The Use of Visual Mental Imagery in New Product Design,” Journal of Marketing Research 36, no. 1 (February, 1999) J-STOR. (27 August 2006).

Foucault, Michel. “Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison,” trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage Books, 1979.

__.

Diehl, Lorraine B. and Marianne Hardart. “The AUTOMAT: the history, recipes, and allure of Horn and Hardart’s masterpiece,” cited from Orange Roofs, Golden Arches, by Philip Langdon. New York: Clarkson Potter Publishers, 2002.

Giesler, Markus, “My iPod, My Self,” interview by Leander Kahney, wired. com: 28 January 2005, http:// www.wired.com/news/culture/ mac/0,2125,66426,00.html (10 October 2006).

__.

Gizmodo.com. “iPods, Now In Black Coat,” gizmodo.com, 16 January 2006, http:// us.gizmodo.com/gadgets/ portable- media/ipods-now-in-blackcoat-148804.php (10 October 2006).

Apple Computer, Inc. “iPod your car,” Apple.com. 12 October 2006. http:// www.apple.com/ipod/carintegration. html (2006). Bitner, Mary Jo, Matthew L. Meuter, Amy L. Ostrom, and Robert I. Roundtree. “Self –Sevice Technologies: understanding Customer Satisfaction with Technology-Based Service Encounter,.” Journal of Marketing 64, no. 3 (July, 2000) J-STOR. (21 September 2006). Bloch, Peter H. “Seeking the Ideal Form: Product Design and Consumer Response,” Journal of Marketing 59, no. 3 (July, 1995) J-STOR. (21 September 2006).

appendix

[appendix-c]

339-3/002006-11-11_084/085

abstract

__.

statement

research

theory

code

specification

Gizmodo.com. “Levis, Get into iPod Picture,” gizmodo.com, 11 January 2006, http://gizmodo.com/gadgets/ portable-media/levis-gets-into-ipodpicture-147879.php (10 October 2006).

_____

LOT/EK. “Urban Scan,” New York: Princeton Architectural Press

_____

“LOT/EK,” lot-ek.com http://www.lotek.com/ (8 December 2006)

....

Hasunuma, Linda Choi. “The Ubiquitous Vending Machine: Jido-hanbaiki,” UCLA Center for East Asian Studies, http:// www.isop.ucla.edu/eas/japan/2minute/ vendingmachines.htm

_____

Lovink, Geert. “New Media Culture in the Age of the New Economy,” In media_city seoul 2000, edited by O.B.ONFANTE-WARREN, 343350. Seoul: media_city seoul 2000 Organizing Committee, 2000.

....

Hugo, Victor. “This Will Kill That,” The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Book Fifth Chapter II (2001). http://www. classicreader.com/read.php/sid.1/ bookid.330/sec.24/ (14 Sept. 2006).

_._

Konomi, Shin’ichi. “Amazon Associate and QR Code,” RFID in Japan.com. 29 July 2005. http://ubiks.net/local/blog/ jmt/archives3/2005/07/index.php (1 November 2006).

_._

Koolhaas, Rem. “Delirious New York,” New York: The Monacelli Press, Inc. 1994.

_____

_____

Lewis_Tsurumaki_Lewis. “Situation Normal…,” In Pamphlet Architecure #21. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1998. “Lewis_Tsurumaki_Lewis,” ltlwork.net. http://www.ltlwork.net/ (8 Dec. 2006)

.

thoughts

_.

The NPD Group. “Wireless-News,” The NPD Group.com. 1 February 2006. http://wireless.npd.com/news020106. html (1 November 2006).

..

Reuters. “Starbucks to double North American stores,” MSNBC.com. 5 October 2006. http://www.msnbc.msn. com/id/15143850/ (24 October 2006).

...

Stollman, Steve. “Why should we care about some fast food restaurant?,” TheAutomat.com, http://www. theautomat.com/inside/welcome/ welcom.html (1999-2001)

...

Sussman, Mark. “New York’s Facelift,” TDR 42, no. 1 (Spring, 1998) J-STOR. (5 November 2006)

_

appendix

Trendwatching.com. “INFOLUST on the go,” Trendwatching.com. 2006. [appendix-c]

339-3/002006-11-11_086/087

abstract

statement

research

http://www.trendwatching.com/trends/ infolust.htm (1 November 2006).

_

Teyssot, Georges. “The Mutant Body of Architecture,” In Flesh. Eds. Elizabeth @ J O ¡

Princeton Architectural Press, Inc., 1994, 8-35.

.__

Wikipedia contributors, “Consumerism,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Consumerism&oldid=92805968 (accessed December 8, 2006).

.__

Wikipedia contributors, “Ipod,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?t itle=Ipod&oldid=84233859 (accessed December 8, 2006).

.__

Wikipedia contributors, “Popular culture,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia. org/w/index.php?title=Popular_ culture&oldid=92836975 (accessed December 8, 2006).

.__

Wikipedia contributors, “Starbucks,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index. php?title=Starbucks&oldid=92724372 (accessed December 8, 2006).

theory

.__

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

Wikipedia contributors, “Times square,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia. org/w/index.php?title=Times_ square&oldid=69428220 (accessed December 8, 2006).

[appendix-c]

339-3/002006-11-11_088/089

cited notes

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

[proposal statement]

.__

_

Wikipedia contributors, Consumerism,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consume rism&oldid=92805968 (accessed December 8, 2006). "

.__

Teyssot, Georges. “The Mutant Body of Architecture,” In Flesh. ~ ~ ! @ J O ¡ X

Architectural Press, Inc., 1994, 12. Wikipedia contributors, “Popular culture,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Popular_ culture&oldid=92836975 (accessed December 8, 2006). ____________________________ [proposal research]

_

Trendwatching.com. “INFOLUST on the go,” INFOLUST.com. 2006. http://www.trendwatching.com/trends/infolust.htm (1 November 2006).

_.

The NPD Group. “Wireless-News,” The NPD Group.com. 1 February 2006. http://wireless.npd.com/news020106.html (1 November 2006).

_._

_..

Konomi, Shin’ichi. “Amazon Associate and QR Code,” RFID in Japan.com. 29 July 2005. http://ubiks.net/local/blog/jmt/ archives3/2005/07/index.php (1 November 2006). "

Dahl, Darren W. and Amitava Chattopadhyay and Gerald J Gorn. “The Use of Visual Mental Imagery in New Product Design,” Journal of Marketing Research 36, no. 1 (February, 1999) J-STOR. (27 August 2006).

[appendix-d]

339-3/002006-11-11_092/093

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_...

Wikipedia contributors, “Ipod,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ipod&oldid=84233859 (accessed December 8, 2006). "

Bull, Dr. Michael. “Bull Session With Professor iPod,” interview by Leander Kahney, wired.com, 2: 25 Feburary 2004, <http://www. wired.com/news/culture/mac/0,62396-0.htm> (10 October 2006).

.__

Wikipedia contributors, “Ipod,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ipod&oldid=84233859 (accessed December 8, 2006).

_...

Bloch, Peter H. “Seeking the Ideal Form: Product Design and Consumer Response,” Journal of Marketing 59, no. 3 (July, 1995) J-STOR. (21 September 2006). pg. 16

._

Apple Computer, Inc. “iPod your car,” Apple.com. 12 October 2006. http://www.apple.com/ipod/carintegration.html (2006).

__.

Gizmodo.com. “iPods, Now In Black Coat,” gizmodo.com, 16 January 2006, http:// us.gizmodo.com/gadgets/portable-media/ipods-nowin-black-coat-148804.php (10 October 2006).

__.

Gizmodo.com. “Levis, Get into iPod Picture,” gizmodo.com, 11 January 2006, http://gizmodo.com/gadgets/portable-media/levisgets-into-ipod-picture-147879.php (10 October 2006).

_...

"

_...

""

Bull, Dr. Michael. “Bull Session With Professor iPod,” interview by Leander Kahney, wired.com, 2: 25 Feburary 2004, http://www. wired.com/news/culture/mac/0,62396-0.htm (10 October 2006). Bull, Dr. Michael. “Bull Session With Professor iPod,” interview by Leander Kahney, wired.com, 4: 25 Feburary 2004, http://www.wired.com/news/culture/mac/0,62396-0.htm> (10 October 2006).

abstract

statement

....

_

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

Hugo, Victor. “This Will Kill That,” The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Book Fifth – Chapter II (2001). http://www.classicreader.com/ read.php/sid.1/bookid.330/sec.24/ (14 September 2006). pg. 1/2 "

.__

Teyssot, Georges. “The Mutant Body of Architecture,” In Flesh. Eds. ~ ! @ J O

York: Princeton Architectural Press, Inc., 1994, 12. Wikipedia contributors, “Times square,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Times_ square&oldid=69428220 (accessed December 8, 2006).

...

""

...

"

...

"""

Sussman, Mark. “New York’s Facelift,” TDR 42, no. 1 (Spring, 1998) J-STOR. (5 November 2006). pg. 3 Sussman, Mark. “New York’s Facelift,” TDR 42, no. 1 (Spring, 1998) J-STOR. (5 November 2006). pg. 1 Sussman, Mark. “New York’s Facelift,” TDR 42, no. 1 (Spring, 1998) J-STOR. (5 November 2006). pg. 4 ____________________________ [program theory]

._

Artaud, Antonin. “Van Gogh, the Man Suicided by Society,” trans. Mary Beach and Lawrence Ferlinghetti, in Artuad Anthology, pg. 158; cited by Deluze and Guattari in Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, pg. 3.

._

Artaud, Antonin. “84,” pg. 5-6; cited by Deluze and Guattari in AntiOedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, pg. 9.

._

Artaud, Antonin. “To Have Done With the Judgement of God,” Selected Writings, ed. Susan Sontag, pg. 571; cited by Deluze and Guattari in a thousand plateus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, pg 150. [appendix-d]

339-3/002006-11-11_094/095

_..

Deleuze, Gilles and Felix Guattari. “The Desiring-Machines,” In AntiOedipus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. trans. by Mark Seem and Robert Hurley. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983, pg. 5.

_..

Deleuze, Gilles and Felix Guattari. “How do you make yourself a body without organs?,” In a thousand plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. tran. by Brian Massumi Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987, pg. 150. ____________________________ [program code]

_____

.

Lovink, Geert. “New Media Culture in the Age of the New Economy,” In media_city seoul 2000, edited by O.B.ONFANTE-WARREN, 343350. Seoul: media_city seoul 2000 Organizing Committee, 2000.

..

Reuters. “Starbucks to double North American stores,” MSNBC.com. 5 October 2006. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15143850/ (24 October 2006).

.__

Wikipedia contributors, “Starbucks,” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Starbucks &oldid=92724372 (accessed December 8, 2006).

_

._.

""

Teyssot, Georges. “The Mutant Body of Architecture,” In Flesh. ~ ~ ! @ J O ¡ X

Architectural Press, Inc., 1994, 11. Foucault, Michel, “Discipline and Punish: the birth of the prison,” trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Vintage Books, 1979, pg. 137.

abstract

statement

research

theory

code

specification

thoughts

appendix

_..

Diehl, Lorraine B. and Marianne Hardart. “The AUTOMAT: the history, recipes, and allure of Horn and Hardart’s masterpiece,� cited from Orange Roofs, Golden Arches, by Philip Langdon. New York: Clarkson Potter Publishers, 2002. 34

...

Stollman, Steve. “Why should we care about some fast food restaurant?,� TheAutomat.com, http://www.theautomat.com/ inside/welcome/welcom.html (1999-2001)

....

Hasunuma , Linda Choi. “The Ubiquitous Vending Machine: Jidohanbaiki,� UCLA Center for East Asian Studies, http://www.isop. ucla.edu/eas/japan/2minute/vendingmachines.htm

[appendix-d]

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