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FOR THE SEVENTH CIRC UIT Chicago, Illinois 60604
Befor e l":'Tin<'R 0.1 'W..fGL:'DI"f Hon • . l !lJ?' . ... ~ ..' ~- - -- - - - • ---·---~- --- . ... __., _)
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,1. .___ F"_____Ki.~N ~nio C d t Jadgo I-IoL __ ____ ___ __DTJFF:l __ _____ __ __,_ _S__ _ ___ _______ __ __C:1.:J:' ____________________ __
DOHOTJ-IY G UTREAUX , e-t B.l .. :J Pla intifi:' .:;~ A~")pu 11::-~r~ ce: ,
No. 71 1 0'73
G::~ORGE
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t h ._ Ds
1::~..:·t'J1ent
U:tb n Devel opment Defenr
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of
S~cx ·e t o .:
of' :9:1:-1 :: ~.:ng
Appeal from t he United States District Court for t he Nort1.2x··n Disb·ict of I1l:l.no~.e , Ees-;t ern Div 'sion
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This ca.use came on to be heard on the transcTipt of t he record fro m t he United States District Court for the . _... Wo;r,:~h~rn _________ __ __________ __ ___ District of .,
Division, and
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s arguect by counsel.
On considerat ion ·whereof, it is ordered and adjudged by th is court t hat the judgment of the said District Court in this cause appealed from be, and the s ame is h ereby, .. ~E IJ't:.mJ'i'D ·;;.o ·i:· e sa5.d Di st let l i i th
the opin ion oi'
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Dononrr (·L·n;-nl.EAr:x. Pt a!.. ' Plainl'_r7'.; __ i J! 1 r>ll(J.JI's. A p l r- rt 1 fr om tlw 1 t:Tnit0d Shtr:: Di~ v. I t rir·t ( 1onrt fo"" t!10 G EORGE \Y. RonJXE:< , Sf•ercln,·y r)f ~ th ~' Denartm<'"lt c·f flo·1:-;inc: a cl I ;\'ori1I"''J1 1Ji~lric•t lJrbPn 'Den·i<1rm( :1t. ' i of J Uin ii3. Dcfe;,(/o 11 t-A r;n·l!ec . j
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~J~l'TE::I'T'';r: ~
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0. 1971
Befor (> S·w TF'PT, ('J;id ./ud.'JI', D-crn:y. SP1· i 01· Circuit Jwi,r;e and P:..1rtCH~v~ . Cii·c11i( Jzu 1.rr('. Dr rFY, ~..c:.·euior Cfr(l':; .T 'tJ,,,. This ~nit it: h"on~ht :.1gninst tle ""•'C ·t>t~1rv o!' t 1'<' D(·j·:~rtmont of H')l1c:ir·!:; ::mrl Urbn11 D0YPhnmrnt (H1'DJ. r;ainhff·~ a'·:· v.l~ :\1'.~--·c tPnnnt;., O'' n:lpli<·all'R f1''' pull1i(' hon>'illg ·~1 th• t•j~y of Cl·icago. The\· :~t·ck. c1: l•f•tal'' nf t1H·m~rYec :1wl, ;1 otl'er Xcn.·:·~es ;;i,ni.!arh· ,.;i t:'1t"f1. n <t"r:::Fatir:n fwt ti-:0 ;:.::l'c:·0tar<· lw.s "as!'i::-:"~d :n Llw C[tl'n i11~· on .. . of a r,wiall;· .ii"'rrimi wtor. · P'1bl~<' !w1 ·ing S)'·'t<·''l. wi~hi;t tlw City o' C:1iea~o. TliiliOi"'." J>[a;1•tiit's f11 dltP'' S"t'k to P11j0in t};(' P,ncrdnr•: f,'on n'nl:in~.; n·a:'11l1 1 f ·n the~ Cl,ie<t~n Uouf'il:<: Al:thorit\- RllY fe(l.V"t!' fil~;1w-ial [1~~·01~ t( lw <~::r·d. in conTiflction '\:,-it}J
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T t}H' }'<J(':['_n;:
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of tlH' Chic·1g<, pnhh· 1•ou~in:! s:sh'lll. ''SnC'h o~hPr a ,d fnrt;tPr rpJinf. a::. ~he Court m:1 .'' dePm ,iu:s: ~llll equit:tclc'' ici ul,::;o l'~·ques~~cl.
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3 r,n<J'!:~lC · '.\'[cY, the C'OlL_1hir:t he~·"in (:!:~::1e:.;::;u; ~LE ro~e ~,Ly"d t.' HL-D- [;IJcl it:" Si'crctar~- in th..:· h.r;d~n.::;
Stat<;J
and consb·,i·:·tio 1 of rt·ria.in pnhlic Lonsin.::>· in t:le City of C\1ir·ngo. T:. ·, r~~~- nlny ;d Ly t1w ''hic-at;O 1fo11~ir.~ ~\n thurjty ( ' L'.), whit.:h i-s not •. pJ.rty to tV~ suit, in tl0 cnn'-'ll'"t•f() 01' t• e "''- r.10 ''t' 11l;c he · _,-., ,. ''•·p· -'\· ~..:•. lwen 1. l._ } url to h<,Y'l .lt:Cl weul1y rtJ:-:(~1 Jinln.l."'•J~·: ((,o,tf!':'C/U.'' v. CJ icngo !Iul•si,t.'f ~t!i lwril1J, :2~G F. Snl·li· 007 (_\. D.Ill., ] 9C9 / . F L'tJ ( ]' Clll:~t. ~lCtion of pl'blic hou ..,ing n.• en 1.l 1n a <:f>.~f~'.f.!;.t-(·d :-:itr .. dt>c::io:n 11:1:-:is hus lh'Pn pPn.ulwn'!:ly . · •. '." l 1-.! n~-. <...: ,.., ,, •. ) ' J c:n .01:1 ~.np ,. t u .•• P:'-'01.l 1r..3.11~· ,H·" t.1e 1•:!c::::; Ci r ~An::uni 1~"" J 1• 1-: 1 ,· ·'·Pr:. c;,.t. :"n·e >·Yare :ejJ<'Jl't•'t: at ~.it) :-'. ~)l,n ,, ~ ,~ · . -4: ~. ~~~ . :);~. 7;-_~u c:.: ~ \l :. . L.ls (\, irt's d~cis\1n Rl -1?G ?.: : ;_; ·; (7 Cil'., 19i'O), ·0rt. d<'1l. c!G2 U .S . 922 (1971). .1/P :-;nall < .,-oid -,~m:ect·r:sr. ry re:petition whe:.·e po:sibk. "t
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. ' . "1 ·-I ,.l.llt.l,anr.:un:<y . , . c--:,r,• • •..• J• t :a tnk <:H~-t· \'.u.· 11 \\-: · t.l ,. ) n,1h'i1.t i 1 tlt{• Ga ' /f au r Y. ( J! .1 ",ts,·, 3.'1 vr 1e:.· '1 pr()C' ·aln.t:·s • · sn1. •+ ,..f ni' J''',,!' f, r •.. t· .r_ <ou~ · t ~ t "yu, a1. n' t'1.1::, nnn ( i&rv-.:it:nr, uf lhc· l'Olnpm~ i vn Cd!. (,:,.-·e. D(·:!:'endm:ts ; ~~(n·ed tG t!i:-" iss tb • l'O! 1rJain~ he•. L'i.1 :.md 1ilnd C't:rtain at~1daYit' :tH (ir>Cill.'~''~t<.; in !'1 pport f ::;,jc1 ~ 1ution. On Or•tc~K c :~ 1 , 1~ /\ J t, i .1 ... r. ..10\ t ,l :ui.' 511ct~n:an· jEd..:·1,1ent m.dcr li:1lt' f() r ·· .~~ . C. P.) <L~t>r in~:· that nc d:·s i;nte • :H' to any n:a t c·n:1~ iJd e.d::otc•cL l'r''
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On Sc-pH•mh r 1, 1D70, tiw Distric·~. Co,u·t cnrcr\:'d its . •<-moran. u:n opin:\Jli di':>llis.,inc·· r 11 fonr r ,Jnnb ot this c·on>~bi ,i. ( o'n!. I Lad 1JC'en b:rol:L-~!. mHk.· thl !!C·nc:·al feile~a f!•1(', t:on •. t~.t ,tn (:..R r.'-l.C.', ! :~31) < 11d t1.~- , iftL ..'\. enduc·n t) n e ~nitt:U St. ,l'S "•m,~ t!( 1tio:L I <1L'';!;L~~l tl,,... thr · Sf<':Ptny, through :lis llt.!tirJ!l in ~·~m,li;;g and a 1JproYir·p· CE A'. mciallY m. c.riLtlll:ltorv nro••'l? .:3, kHl \·ic~ ... t l. .L~; Du · ) ·oc· ·~: Jnu -: vl t~ .._' t " • n<1.n0nc. ·n~ D~p. r... :-,t of!!',"· e.g :.: :.. b;1:-, _)u,·,'cp . •: \\::.-; c::r ..tc::! ,~._~bi.. c ~a~v ~-:-· .~3-"":';~:, t;:l .. _c . _d 0!1 Sc .... :rl- -.". ' 9, !G...;:J . .. _... d .... t ~sot the ..,' Jao ~C ... Ol!S .. . g r.dr;a~~-l.,t'O::t!O!"! ~:C ~ o.t . . r l-":'t- . . ~4. C-~SO!" Z.~..:nCi(.;:i \ ret·e tn.t.":"::-r~c a he ::..t.t!:-,,;;-l~y ..:£ HUD by tr.~;; Lvv. We sha i ::c!c: t o Hl:':J 4.S l..?t..:: the pr .... GE:~(·s~or iJnd :,~csc:-.. t sJc..'1cy .
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~cpt ...lC> o f .to r~.ci4l c!isti.nc.~c,:r~ ex: --.iJ..Y ... ou::.d to be pres'"'nt ir.. t - n .. r- )~ .... 1.':1 .. l "; ,~~J ~l~t: s ectlc-;.1 ~·!"c..C 1... ~s :n'.'·ol.r. . d !n the p . . ~:ic housir t~ .... ~c.~ u! .... ~ 2' in. ~: ~ CH. . . ca I.. ~::":1 lrt t.~.: .. s p:.:t!.£Cnt suit, v.·c do :lOt deal . .-vith a n:1 ;.o ': -t:'::i1 uS conir- .. L ·:~ the Sup:c:.."r..e Court in its r.:ce~t d"'·: . .;, or. t.•;~~s v. Va.lt~erra, 40: U.S . 1 ~7 t:~71) . £ ...
~rhe Court :fir st fo r1d thd iJLl inl i ff s had standing to bring s 1it nn cler nll "Ol ntFi r:.nc1 that tl10 req11 isite ]nri. dictional anonnt wa s lH'C'f:r> nt. Th8 ('oilrt tf H•n conclmt('(t that "the Fifth .:\l!H'l 1ll<•nt l11l<ll J' tltt• c·ir ·mns tn.nc<•.· }H'1'0 nllcgrcl [did ] no t <m t hcn- izf' t1ti:> snit." rl'his rnling wa;:; H holding th n.t ttl ere wal' a L~rolc (•'' jnri" li e! ion to llri np: ( onnt T. r
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71-1073
.TtH .sdi cti on ns to ''onm rf was g- rotnlllf' d on ~8 F.8.C. ~ 13ii l nnd 28 FR.r. : 1 ~;.~:s( 4) . Connt lT < 11cp:ed that th e Srerdarv \; ads had vi olatPd -+2 U.S.C. ~ 2000d (Sec.-'ion 601 of ·tlt< · Ci :·l Hi~h t s : d of 1%-i-). '1'1le District
Conrt di sn : s~·<·ll ('nnnt IT,· .r f:lil tt n • to stnt0. n elaim 11pon whd1 r <'lid' (' dtlt! lw t!Tant~,d. 3 'l'lw Court':-3 cli.'n issal was b sed n pon the ii ntl.;u; t1~at: Tl ) l)';.; i1nnn ('i: l assistnncP. t o CHA ''"as in snffi('ic·nt to llJa k,\ it 11 "joint rmrticipant" in CHA's ra<.:i.n.ll ~· <1 i scrimii J a tm·~- conclnct. ConnL TIT a1Hl 1 -r '''"1'f' :.:<'nli<·at witlt onnts I and IT re sp0dive1~-, <'.'C(· ,>l1h,1t d,·lilwrat<' c i.· ·ri1ninnt~ry r~mh:ct on the Ti~ll'r of 1.'! L\ h1t<l cl"t lH't' ll ;llli'_g,•cl. '1 he Dtstl.,et Co (rt d sm iss<'cl th<·St' r<J11 n b for fnilu re to Rllt,gC' snc.h deliberatr CH~ action . · Finallv, t]w Cour' (•.: ')J\•ssi'tl tlH· v irw U1at the o :trine of soYerci gn i:mnn .i:~- w:ls, in pan, r, ppli,•able to hnr this suit.· This appr~ll f ollu \\'0(!. rrl JP CoYl'l'llllOnt hns abando. fl(l both the la .k of j m·isciic>t:o11 ns to C01mt 1 and ::;ov:-re~g-n immunitY a ;-; l·oss i!Jh' vro!:J tds f or a!Tinnnnc·('. Plambffs hav <' 110t st rongl~: em I ...,[ , d ilt<' di!-' tni~~al of Counts ~IT . an 'I T T of tll ~ N•n,p;ai•JL r ,l·tts. th~ cu1L'al (Jl r?tlon pre::;('.n i. d f or revic•w r.·til' ···~ t(• "J rtl a•r . on lll<HY JUdgment in taYo · of either lJI r t · is l>J·oper on Connts T or U of tlw complaint. TJ r nc;,.t·n·,n.••nt argliPS th; t the Distriet Court's gT:ll t cf ;-;1i111.:,, n· .i• dg .r,( 11 l m it · fa,·or is }Jl'opcr and adY':n C'\·S ;,s r..t~ ac!< 1t:o wl ;.:ronnd f or affirm~ nC'e t1 e co n~\.' n tio n that th, c::t-e i,., 11ow moot . Th , Go ·ern lh:nt's l'o ·itim. on appN 1 is that thi. present snit is so .1C\Yhat, npr rfluon:-; ina '-'lll llf'h as full and complete eqr!itablc r eli -f hr.s I •t·en mad<' a vn ibblP- to these same 3 Since !;Upporting ~~tdavits ... rd other d c.cuments had been submit~ed by both parties, ths she ..:,.:: act.:L<lly be tri!atc<.! as the grant of a motlon for summary judJ m en t. Rul\' 12tb), R u.c 56 •.R,.C.P,
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p!niniir::: t1L'Gl ,.....1 .he aauirN l.i '. ('hie·.~ G Ho lS;,.!l .r ' " ~ " • •._)rl ,r.. D. ..., ~ "t)"'. -.~ . \.~~tpJ1 '-' ....1 c•/fJ'·... r;) ~-.:Ill ~>. J.. c "J'l .• )tl• ~~ ' ' ''0 1. .._f . '"''J(j' lt). The Gr11.' l",n.r~r,t i" 'f .ll to Lc· in C•m.r t>t,· :.:r-,·1een c:n: w:th tJ 1 "r in ~ 1 (l oi1.1• tb:c:," o• th ~ cn"'P t!.r 1 that pro;Jo;;;ition l~ not St!'Oll!;i~r CO'Jlb'·;:;, n Jjy ·t:.e }')~.L:t::ffF h.•.·e. ,j'.
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has nnqnesti n· .ably hrr:r. rt di,71cult nnd time-consuming l .. • • ' -1' . prescnc1np,· unqnP prr)lllcms , or rcso 1utJOn,' and t asK, gcHerating ·nonnott;-; pn1Jti<' intcrc•st. 'T'his Court wonld be extremPly rP!u·1hnt t.) in+,·rl'p~·~~ 1 ·itl1 ~110 PXC'rcise of that Distri_ct ,] w1,;c'. .•on ·Hl di::-eretinn >1 watters pertaintJ)g to t1ns COJ;L·vn·n... ·, an<l !W :-:tatenwnt in this opinion sho11ld 1)(' so c·rlJ:-;~ n~P,l. . ·P\·c ·t1H•]pss, ~-.ince i.mportnnt iss'ttes of law r l•' y·( .,.,. , , (l h~, thi:~ n •1pea l and sinee the basi.ts of tlw Distrid 'omt\ dismissal of this nresPnt smt below :>P(~ us to h·.\·0 ht·eJ, :'. fpcling· that "the p\1tative limits [of tL.' C(jnr•'::;J :mvcrs'' had heel! "ef'fectively eirru!nsc<·i1wd." r:.t;_(•r th<tn [1. ft (:1ing that d i cretion dictnt(•d tl1t' di~llli~ ...,ul ,,f :~ ~.tit t},oiH.dtt o hr· ~mn t:e:,.sarv .' ·' ' it is appan!<1t t Jat n·\ iPw hy this Court ·s compelled.
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..,"\"'"l: 11n erstnr1f-,. t}ri" (lCi'ilt') ~ j~rr. ~)'~ tLG f..!~,~ . l.~Hl'\7 to l10L1.. Uf!ui orl\· .\·o i:'.'10S: l!HOtll' :". ·,ul. ~11( S•'lll';:~ Of any c<;li:tar~l:, ~-, .1:'. \i
'.ic-lt 1-.igl.t 1,v de-c ''ll ,l •j( (',. -.::.:y hy the is~' !If, ti,t' 1·.:t ·:,, o1 pn::osibJe "ri;·lm'-J)p n•!:l'l• is i'XTtL·:-.tl':;· im Jr;,·r~nt, In r i~ ItOt kfore rlj~~ Co11~·t en t} is J~r ·.">Ci"'t :_:.1HV~~ .. 1. \\... r· <1t~ . !' tt'10 on.lv ~ t 1 ,,. .., ,+}· ( ,. - , ' "' l ..... ..: ' , • ,-, l . ~ . t"""l . ,. l- '-' •. , . . . . . , • , . . L ......' ,1\.0-L, r,, 1.1 .. ,\ 01 o, l~- •.t·! pn.rt.y i.:' . .,ru )\·1' ( H \f_j,... 1:,.~lll') ')~... rh~""} ~Pf':"('ttr~.... ~S 1:t•.F . . d {j(!;,i{i.t:'] r;;:· C·\·;·n.s h·h:rh or~ ,r :,..,d i .. nr:or } f'[< ·::: . L~r.hilitv fo1~ :_Jn~l: rondl!({ 1s t,k\')y "•·p:untc fr<)m rl <> c.n0sti(~n oi r.pproprin"<' fur.n·c f• lief. Ir. rl(C'idin:::: t!lP !i:J):litY issne, ;t \\',1t11J t1 ~l.- pr}t 1 ,.• fl.] v·orJ:·!,:t(c ~·-·r ns to (· (),~.~1>-r the r·ffe.:t whic·h t1H· ,1-cr(•(' (•nt.•r,·:i ·. tl,e rr:runanion ense "0 ..r ~ ' ' . . • . . l. d ( ~.,\ ' . Llpp . i 0d('' J; ll1 . ~ht nr~'··.;c- _l!'l r. n1t11.,J....,1n~-- rue nee -;·or ar;_ :::l•'T :-.ive d•'<''!'<·t· in tbs suit. ~ :!)i trict ( onn. Thr- ,,.c-or,r\
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JUR! SDICTIO.V -''-8 TO '70UXT !.
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Rimilrnl~'. a c!(~tPr T'!i,1<'ti >n of .J1!"t rhat tYnro of N]l!itable rc·ntc-r1 ~- t".:i!._l t h• nprrr}rri:1tr, ·:, c-:.sr.,... 1.1; 't!1i~ ~o1·t i3 a fprc·. iinn '.(•st ]f t i .. i.ia:h· tn t:,v S•'nnn i::-;('rC·~ion ni tile n:,trid Com·t. Ifo.t/'11 '· 'Hoard of RJI '('fin,z (fL·own IT) . ')•(l lT ("\ >.:~. )J. ('()~~· . rP • ~[ ] • l ) .-, :-.., -'·'""'· . 1. ;-n); ,\u·rmn v. t nnrlotle-J r>c.:r.n1: illi'[j Hoanl (jf Fl·ntfiur•, J0:2 r.s. 1 (1071 ) . E\'('n i:lJOtlgh to thv 'i\ rir,•l or ih:s 'piniil]l it might app~ .. r that: <·xt ;.~,i\·..., n·li,·f ',':~.· ·! 1_ .JG! h 1f'C'l:':,'-'::try, ,,-c dn r.ot, jn anv ·way ~\·i.•h. to nn~L;~~pate the Disb :rt Cc~u·t O'G an issne p:i·opcrl); 11
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TJitl" , til.' 0nl:· i3snc· 1·•·\":;.•ntlv weorr ns whic·h mip)1t he· r..f1.. 'C'tc<l Ly tht· cn~r~· ;Ji '.:l o (f t1f.tl-~. ·?1!.1· ;·. GilA injnnc~i'),l i:- l1.Jr,tn( "· . \r,' ::,;},: Jl ('0"18;\!t l' tl 0 cftcd cf the> n.:iOl'
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71-1073
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to s~ate it:-: :..tr ng ~11P}lOl't fl1r th~· :~"~ions of the Distri<.;t
.L1dt::e t'trm::!·!.ont tht• conr,c o..· L.i:_i 01' ire- liti!!'~'lfon . The D>..,.::n .J,. :;.:;e wh:> c~l·c-iJ,;,l the Oa.ll.frect?:'· v .. CHA .::~~, , :.<1' o La.:- ~::y .Ti~e. t'.t G.~.:~rr ~ .~.tP!CL tlPrdo is tl ·> ~t',r:· ·)i "rid J lh:..;e vho d:. 1issed i:h:s prescd 5l 't. 'l'Le : ir>ist ntion of ft1e decree in t 1e fo.cn1er ca.se
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Since C011rt.: r.:V. ~l. . . :-trc• frh' to reYirw .J· l~r)scliction ' we s1~all e:,.un:nr tni. · ,qJnt ln ;<'f1y cyrn th ~ ngll not contestl·cl by ch j'p Hlm~t on .l ~IH·aL \\~(~ find ;in ·ist1 ;ction nnder 28 U.S.C. § 1:-l:i · and t!w D'it'th .\1Mndment to be pre. t:nt in this case. 'l'.he jltr isdir:tionai statnte ~peaks in alternative term:-> vi1 h l'<'S; w,·r t u t w ··Const i tn tion, laws or treaties o;: u () 1 ll! l( < st~.i.·•: ... ,.~ 'rlJi:,, fl plain rrading V\~onld sec111 to pnr·mnl'a:--: a s1:it l)f till;;; prv:;ent type wb 'c:h directly ehall (· t: g~·:- (•11:Hinrt <1i!Ct)'('( to have viol< tr.d the ·Ti'i l'th A l t;•!llli t l''l'f . r!'Lu i . 11 ·h n n•adi r.g is rorrrd wns settl d by t!J.t• ~llJH' Jt!L' ( 10lll'l. ill ilr'/1 v. J!ourl 1 '~'.:.7 l'.f' . 678 (194G) whrt1' t!H' Cn: r1. h1•l(1 that : :' . .. where r te conrp1aint, a:~ 11<. ~~. · ::;o d ·:":n as to sv1•k reco\·ery di 'Petly nnde.· h.- r'on.-titntion or laws of tl p United States, the :r'f•d<>n,l eonrt .. . mn ·t ontertain the snit.'' 3:27 U.S., GS1-2. Sex• ;.lso : J1o!li11:/ v. Sharpe, 3±7 U.S. <197 (lfl::'>,b); Jf·ii·ks v. Wcal'('r, :~0:! I1'.f:i,1pp. GL0 (D.La., 19G9). J uri::;,licticn \';\,\'lid .~ti . ,.:.;if:.t c:vcn tho ugh v:e were of the opini.on tLnt
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stated. Bell v. Ifoud} ,q•pr 1, at GS:2 . bincc all othC:r require• For ;m .1ccount o~ at lta<t one set of unique problems confronting the D:st:-ict Judge s<Oe t:1is Cour~'s opinion in Gaut1·eaux v. Chicago Housing Authority, ~3ti F. 2d ;);;f•. c T!1e stattd~ ::e.:c.s <1 £_t,l: "c.he distnct courts shall have original jurisd: ction of a~: ci\·,:.• c lvl'S '·Lc,·<a th.c m::;.:ter in controversy exceeds he sum or Vdiuc vt :;;~,•.u ', :;>;duslV- ol intct'csts and cost->, and arises under the Constitut.i<m, laws or t;catle:, of the United St->r ''
71-1073 L.....ant . . n .••-.! jn -·:.sd.;.(•ti01
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!s t;quit:· < J ,dt.!.:p·i:-:p: <Jl<:.';•'d l.'lt5i[,, disc:-in1i;.ation. whicl1 :-.ct;cl to h:i.\'i' Yi!) at;>(, lh\, F'i ·t. A u(!rld~~lent. 0
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that thev an' ~1.:·:: ·1 .. for .1~ to hold t tis uppeal moot. ' ~. I -,, 'u~~o· t 11.::, .1"' .u=->· 1". v~t • t .lui, . ,,,,. " • • • VO l tllltd.l'Y CCSSa t..lOll 0 f allegedly 'llq,·i.~ ~·,)~· ~:wt. aj•'-s not deprive the tribnn 1 of powc · to h.•.1.r r:.nd Je, er 1,i nc 1 ' case, i.e;., oes not
make the cas<: .l~< ot.'' U,ited States v. TV. 1'. Grant, 345 U.S. G29, 632 ( t 05:3). A more ] •<'l'S1.n.,;i,·t' < r .'Pll'•'! t rs that the injr:nction entered in Ga·u! .. ·uu.,, \·. {'/!.~~ renders this contro"~;ersy moot :::ineo '!JA is ;,; 'r prohi~)ite<l from •·acceptlimr] any assi::>tn.uc.· l':•.1J!l 1 HUDJ" unless CJL 's progra~s stric ly com) ~r witl. ~!tt' ~.I,t>•·i!kaiions o the decree in that ca;:;_;_ Thcs, it ·:; nr;.;w:<\ a rnling here would be merely ··advibory.'' l ~ :·k~ n .t "concrc•te lep;nl i ~sncs, p:::-cactua~ <'a.-, s . . . .'' l nit·.'d PE!Jlic Workers of v. Jiitclt~11, ~);,{; ~:.~. 75, 80 (1947), quoted in Golden v. wick 7 N, :3!):. l_; .• '. [();), 1OS ( 19G9
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t!te il1,}l rt(;ti \ e U ]' l' 1• ori;: 1• l.Y rcqnGsted is 110 lor:_;er poss'IJle doE·s lll. i a,·._,.,., liH' is~1l(':'i present y be ·ore us. ''\\'1 c ·e ::;~ve:·al "o,·tL' uf r->lit>l' are rey_w.'::,te and one of the::;e l"'lJtW:-:,..: suhs,.m:·;ttl\ :h'L'Olllc>:-> moot ihe C n rt has still C'Onsicl•~l'l•t tl1P 'rvt.l:.1i.,t.llg n·(lllc•sts."' Powell v. 11icConnack, ;_;~;.)'G.:-! . ..J. t'. UC, 11. 8 (1%9). fn this snit, both dc.::larator~· nn·l ~'' imc·ti''" reii.pf' again;·;t conshudi01 o£ ·sp•;ti:B.c p ·oj(·;~~:s ·.ds ,1 ;l.;lu.1ly ~,on.\.(llt. Sinel..: som of thosl.! p1·ojeeb llO\\ ;..iYc J•'t •l r·()ll.lJ1d,~tl, it i..; obvio 1s titat full .i.~J.~l.:neLn~ rdill in L\or 01 ~dn.i.ttii'ts f';.;r.nvt 1 ow be giYen. But that faer do,':> not, ,i iheli, ma.·e this c:a::,e woot. Slz 1 ,}i!/O'h v. JlC!J, .;:1:pra, :1.t ~~~-~ ~-\~· tlh• pr0sent t.ime, a t1•:<·Lnatory ju,,g t,(·~ l :1:- "·, ll as r:;uc··t ''other ::mJ f1;rt~er h lief :.'IS till~ ('O;.i.rt lday c:('('lll jnst an\.l t'l nitab ie" is l'C-
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bt\·c <'L~'lf ·n<>d tk-1 s11c:h ·'otlwr and further r(:h·l" m1 >·ht >vl.,ch· :l utorP ,.ir.:;orot s utili7,ation ,f the ..;0 l'''ai li..'ft .-v .. t •) , u•' l1 1\ll i 1p; p:·o~.·a1ns \\·hieh IJUD 0 The ::lhc.1~ncL~ courl. n.~, :1. H".,hf· de . ci~d.Jt1ts suggest th:::.t because L'le r.-rojC;Ct hus bc~.:n C•Jl!lelc.Ld t1 • I •J ;:u1 < •d by nmt .upplcme!'lt enants there is no lon;,:er :my rt·l' cf which : 1:.y fo.::1sibly l:.e g1ve,1. The complcti;m of the .!_)roj ct anC:. l•lC ..:rcation of intervening ri&hts of thifd p~rtics doe" il :lcccl 'Y'l ~,,r.~ ~ sedous problem d equit.2bl"' emedies. E dccs not, h.:lWc:V( ... .r; ' } , ' C1~: CdSC IT100L in t.h Article nr S€ 11SC. Relief can b · >IW'L\ lll i • • h;l •. l."
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cnde,· sm~h cir.;t;ru;t.~ '('!_:, must e:nnclnde that the ;s 1wfor' u. an• "( < t" 1;,(> ( ~ n·petiti0n yet evadmg revjew'' ami the.: · h• •·.1. t' i·· 1nr moot. 8unth<>rn Pacific Terminal Cr.·. v. f,zf-'1', !a;,, ('o;nmC'rc.c Com1nission, 2.19 U.S. 498 (HJll), qtwtc·d ·n Uoorc v. Ogilvie, 394 U.S. 814 (1969). View~.· an·}<i,er v;ay, \\'c~ are confronted here '.vith ". . . t ;,;u~,~ l:t. ti,J eo11 crovrrs \-, between narties h:...vh~g a<: ·m·::-P ;,.,2;.. ir tt ·, .•}.->, of si:fiicicnt 'mu1ediacy a~ld r0:11it\' to \\·a:·,. r.t 1! c Is::.~Ulti.' of a declarntory 11 1<· r··• ~-,a'g·rr~r.n' ·~1v1· (lltt. ' • ,-i 'llf')•«• ,.,, 1 at 108 Jl•' '" ~- ,; ('or I ,, •\• /, . , 1 i;:,SL
WHETH.F.:lt A CL~~!.1f 13 ')TA TED UNDER TH.E FJFT!l A~;n;~\·l/J!L'?\'7' Oft :<~'CTION CO.J.. OF .THE 1964 CIVIL HLGJ!T.'J ~tCJ'
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71-1073
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"\Ve turn the,; to .l<' l>t,\li s. Th Gon~rmr e, t admits that HUD approve;l dT1' ~:liHlrc.l Cl fA-e~1o;-;en regular bn:ily hol.smg :-ite.:; llCtW(;vlJ 19.:0 :Utd 1960, knowing tha t S1.1C'l1 site:; Wcl'e not :.upt:rua:" a::ti tl at the 1\.. t.l.SO!l for t11ei1· ~~-~eluvi,·e !or . , . . :oJ,. ... 1.. :.: !"JrC·t ~; of (!hiea.;o ',\., s thd "~ i:c:;-; ot1~ .r ·~tt.h I t: ' :ut •• 1 or west 3ic.l<.\ if pi·oposc·1 fc,i' regulu· i'amily !.o,:. in:.:·, iuvD.r.iu'Jly encou~ter[ed] snfEcirmt oppo. itior ir. h ~ l C.. icago City] Council to prech1de ComJtil 2)1 rovai.'' 1Ld~Pr from a Public Housing .:\.chtiD:!"trution (Yi~.:.:r-! t \ I{' r •• a:.mwll. Gl he \Ve:-.t Side Fcd~:·at~o, , ; ~tnih r l·.t, l. ,;-,). 10 Thus this su.~ Is t:nh:.!: .Vct/n,:~ v. CHA, ·~Oo F.2d 123·> (7 Cir., 1969) where rdr.staterr:c::-t of pr.:!v.ou.,ly cvJc!ed ,.,,mec plaintiffs rendered the cz.use moot. as Lctwei!n the origia:-:1 parti~s t~ ~h .. t same ca5e. :a F~.vorable :-ID'D <..:tlon, to· cx<o ~p.c', :~: ,ht h'-tvc beer. a facwr in the d.~tr:ct :ourt.'s do.!ci o.-:. to !clot..' y th · '·bc.;t d:'vrts" c!.1"--SC of the origmnl Ju(.:gnu::r..t Order in ~-~:1t .:-... 0 .-o C.:i t.., vrJ.·:· s 'btni:;sicn of d~or1ximately 1500 £itcs to t!--.L c..~y Co !"'tC... ~ .1 ~~co:-dJ.rH.C \-\'a a pccifi""' imet~bl~. See: ,3G F. d 306, 310.
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Or!. \:·\~it~~~y r,~ ~11... f~i~_;t ·:,_~t C\.-.·n ·t--;., ..-~c-:·i\ .::, ,,~e ~n:t-.! t-~~e:--.,t. all of tb- n}h)\·e fact,· us tn~0. '!'hE> q::c·c·"io~1 'd1en "ht ;:;omes \V11c"tht~r {):' LO~~ t~\-(~n f.1'~1.ltl!1g· t:1~t '~!l:~l-LP:'Ot~s a:·.J conr-;istcnt pffoTr~'l' \V\.:rc· Lf!ft- ~(i~ l ~-t}.f)'s !cdo,,v~:!ig _~cr~u~\'Jscence in (•_rr ~\ ~ ~ttl1~1I~ t( ~ c~1~-:rr~1~l~ll<.' t:Or~\. . 1 011s!~1~· {.u·o~·rr:tr.l -yr}o:a,:<·d ( :thr-:· tLP (;it Pnwr·,·~ C;"..nse uf \-~ F'ifL A.r;h1d1l:2l1t n:.· :..~~~ct:c-n t·}t)t oi.: t}~('· (~i\'J ;~i;,ll'"~ !"'...<:.+ ~)f l9G4~. 13 (~i\"f-"!l ~ 1)rc_lvicn1t~ COL1rt ;i:ncl.~L~· c/~ i:n1J1llc:r .c.f_~ai~~~t CT-T .A. (20\3 iT'. ~)t:T)l). !)07), ·the r)c~J:tiT.cnt (\lS~-1~r-,\~ C)rnpt~ls t1.~e C01le;lu:..;iO!! t:,;::,~ f;oth 0l t}w:,;;• JL'O\._SiOJtS \."U1'C 'iobted. 1fl~Do;:-! n; iJl'0\"i_~l t"u~d f~a:(~_:J~£2: ct" ;--:r:..s:(·;~·at~~ . l (;l~LJ..\ hcr.s.i! g; .-:jres <'~t.n:ot b,~ i'Xet::sc,l 2:s a1~ nttf~:q~tcd rt(;COJ,1-~, 4-.". T'l -1 .... ,...,~t-7·1 1 1.--r -; · ,~.. _r.f- -. . . "' ;,: ... {)~ ''"'"'" P~fl1 .. tUuclLl (),. Ot.-!! [lJ.- ,n t.r ,, Ct-.' ,.1 _0.J ;.cP.I .~~~<Jl 1.10,!;:;•l•c-, J1c: rralitv of corn:.nmi.tv nnd Citv Cor:!1Cil r~~i.:.;tance. r·•1 · ·· ·, ·1· ' · ,• · J .• !lS :{UN:t:.o,l wns :.:rp·lt..''l r,;-,u sctt.eu Hl Tll" eo.np;lmon ('ln~e t~~' ttJ tLf.•.se <'Xn~t 1lOl1S1iig" f3ites r. nr1 tl1e s~ . 1r:c City Council. r,'11E: Di;:;trict .Jndge fiere well stated the appli)·1· ·•
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'I'hi::: eon~·t a 1lp,;t ,[ ':t'l •11 t!w .-:Rn10 rnlP in '- ffi:nning a J:l.odificat!cm of t:1c• J .Ir ,~:1 ··r.t Order in the~ comranion dee!.sion at!d :x. C!l'dt·l';l;<, •-l1lhnission of "ic)OO nu·n apprOV2G sitP-s to tlw C;t/ Crm:wil in accordance with a spceific timdablr~. f1i r.-jr-dim~ a plea for delay, we pointed to i>cvmd er:.;,:, s ;,c1£,inh" " . .. t~1:::.t ·abstention' is 1nappn•pli£L1C' ;.; t'o>·"'r;;,,, ;,, 'c11 C't<iC'-' of t:1is sort and that eOll!l!l mi·~y ]J.OSt: !icy i::-. 11•) r o<h0)"1 to dday en7o '-2ement of JI'OV('n consti tmi:n:::i ;·ig-nh;;." ( :±:J,(i F.2d at 312. ) Co;n-ts !1.:..n: lkld til~~ :Jlrg·r·d gr.1ot: faith is uo more of a d(densr tn .~c·~:··· ..;-nt:m ir: pnblie h01!sieg than jt is to sep-rcgatio11 i,, p;:.,rlt' sd:ools. Gant.1·caw: v. Chicago ffol.i8'iii!J _'!u!.hnt"it.,,, :.(;;, ·?. S.1pp. 907; J( ennerly Pm·k !Iome8 Assn. v. City or Lu,ck: Wl:i,/7([., -~:w "?.2d 108 (2 ,ir., 1970), <:<~rt. ch•n. ·h11 U.S. "1010 (10'71) . Moreover, the fact that it is a ft·d,•rrrl ngt•n :· or of.-:e(·r clwrgc•d with l n aet of racial disl'ri;,,in:•1ion dr,r'.~ :t.>t ;1ltc,r the pertirwnt standards, si;W~' ·' ... ir 1\'tiuld lw r.::thinknhle. tlmt the same Cons::itnticn W<Ji• 1d ;Jl,.;(),,f> <l l<'!'srr dtltV on tl r. FQdcral Govrrnme:nl.)) J:,;tl.:,,.rl v. ,r;:;,,,'li ;w, sn1wa, "at 500. 8N· dso : Green v. Ken;.niy, ;~()!) 1•'. 8qlj). 1127, 11:36 (D.C.D.C. .1970), q'Jh~:ll dit,.~Jis.-ed ;;c!::; n.s. !1;)() (1970) . 'Jlhe. r eason for conrt..:' ;w~r 1mi~'Gl'l<t l'(J,Jsal fo examine purported good faith motives !1d:ind a1J('p:Pd discriminatory aets 1vns, p0~·haps, 11H1st '·del :n<ly Jl111 by thr. Supre;ne Conrt in Burtolt v. Tf.'l,;,;iur:/o)t· h:rl.:iri(l A1llhorit.y, ?G5 U.S. 715, 7:25 (LC3): ''It i:--. 110 <'<Insolation to an individual denier1 the <•tpid f!rOt ·dio:1 r i' the. bws that it was done in good faitl1.'' 'I'}Je faC't thnt H ;,;O\ £ r,1L11·n[~,! ag'<'HC'.' llii~ht ha\C lllff( C '~nn1nt~rons and <'OJl~ =--- r< nt ,_~ ffn rt>" i"o'\va rd cleselt!_;reg·a:ion has not \"P~ 1)Cl:(·1: hPJ~, t< 1H...~~~tc 1iaLil:tY for an cth<\r,vise '"cr>"·•u'l+;...cl ...,. t,-,o,!. ~,-- .1 t rr•••l-~ · • 1, !'101 · · \.'-.c · ··-1 ... ,..~\· I)]" . . 1.1·1 ('OOJ)'"'r ,'"·Ll.{t . i ~~·o ,., 'I .. \./,
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I-c nlso }:" l•Ol :O.('J!nn'-''.,- •l':.pntPd on rlppeal that the Secreturv P::Prei:-., Ct •hr• alHW<' dr·:-r·riiJPd nowcrF in a manner wlti,~h T" .-rwt.•;1' ·< n :·:;ci:-:.J;,. cL;-;rri;nil![tior y l10nsing system · .1 "Jlic•'t_::· . ~. i tklt rh,• Sr>el'<'t~i'\· nne! otltc:r II'GD o:1~eial'i \\1 .\· '·. • < / .!!·1t t':ld. r:'h(· n.'et ml ~f-:DCC s of Lilt f. ~l'P..!.n•• d · . t • 1 ,1 ·~· : ,!li · d('scribr•t a t :29G F . Snpp. 9Cr/ r.i,;l we ;..}ai. ;,.-,t :cei)l1il1 tlt,'ltl lwre>. 'I'hc fa ct that JTGD knc>l\ of J,!'h l'·rr1,'11stmw~'s is 1JOnH' ont by tho D1~trid Cnllrf .,~II (... ic• n ·din,<..;· •n this .-mit tklt I-ru:b t1·icd to b1oc·1· ··~!., ~-~··~··i,~· evn.plaiw"d i)l, ::-;nccceded in some rr~p~···t~, I .. t ...-,r;'i·l~'<'•l ftt:.d!n,!!: kno·,riw~ of the }10~s:blc an~·i,ln '-'f:l. ('{1 1 ti~<·1~ '\Ould takr·.'· 'T'hi._ :lnd1ng js sn~)l)O,·~,'t h:. rl"'l.O',£.,' o~'wr :·C'eord jtt'ms, the HUD letter ro t1t 1.\'(·~· Sid· Fi•c1.•ration prev.iousty r efer red t;J (pngc· 15), n '<' h:-- • :Jtli<j!.vit ,,,· TfUD nnlciul Ber geron -..·cc!llliil_; :ti., 11. "t':' •,, :-.f,.J .. th·mpts; in -the early 1950s ':to enlist i:. fLy,,l 1 (r·t111t· •. \·'s 1 :-:.:-::-;istanc<' jn hm·ing p roj ect sit1':S loc~~wcl iil ,, I· ,. r; ~i ;;lllnr:Jcod<:;." I!J(
On s1:r~1 fa(·t , :n: • !.!,'~ 'Pn +lH• inapplicabi1ity of H UD's :'good fr.ith". rgmtlP1.r~, ,,_.(, m •' lmnUe to avoid the conelu s1on tlw.t. t})0 St'<'i'hnr;. ·~ :u:-.t ;1dions constituted r a cially dj;,;criminntMy ern~c!J.C't in ~],, =r O\vli ri~ht. 15 Tho f act tl at th(' Sccrc·Lr;:·~ ex •: •i.>" uf hi,, y,owPrt· mr..y have mo r e often rcikrt'·< ('1; \ ·., u\\'1. l':leinll disej·imin.:ttorv choices than it di1l r.nr it; w:!. 1n TITTD'f-: 'nart, docs not "alter the que~.~ion now\ 'fon n-;. ' T
\\""0 nre fnl!y s~l11!•atht>tie !o the a ·g<1mcnts adYanced by th0 GoYC'1'11:t.t•nt c1 .Lpr,•:-i1, r~;T>ccinlly, as 11cntioned nLove, to the y, .·.~ r ~ "<li 1!'1!Lll<t" w1Jic1t the 80 ~reta r y =~Our holc.i~1;; thu .• H •• o~ .c ' on the ''joint p:1 ·ticipation" doct rin e set forth in 13.;rtm.o \'. V " 1 .:t• , i'r,r .ina /l.uthontu, s>tpra, and r ~lie J \lpon in lhc Im:: <'. C-ot rt I t''' t•r.n bdc.w. wl' nl1Cd lnlt ui~CU!>S the nppLcabilJ!y 0• th .• t ...•r. JC', : Jr 1 [, .-o~oCt;i'llCd with ::; cliffm--nl inqt'lry, n::.i~Tt~1:,r, "upv, H.lerf(..or., L'" rt.q ,: 1h..: ' t~!{(: actior/ ". (G:rijJir., \'. Brcckctt•·tr1;7C, 40::! l: 1:>. , :u !.. , " \vc .!k ~G~l!) ;;u!l;rL:nt. to rt?ndcr admittec! c-~ . . crin-::n. uc, "t1 '1 , c :"-,u lt . .'nth A.r,~rr~d47"!Cnt . In ar,y event, con r:n·y o tl.t. Co , l'lJ 1 t .• ., , t r on n. jJ•' I, ''joir t p.a· icipntion'' olrcaclv h3S ~-t"l "f·X.t..l1 t.> fo..tt.."il• l'u •rnn r·nt cp Tl''o:>ns. s.:n[JJdru v. 1\Io;cs T . Co,.e rr •. Oil ' l!M, ifrl :<2:! F .:.!d \159 (4 cr. 1S63), cert . den. 3'l6 U.::>. [)::;]; Sr.. "ti. ~·. tlo.mpior. :rr~inl019 School Jr-- ' ·ses, 3GO F.2d 4'i1 (4 C;r., l!:Gu). L..
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A tr<le Copy:
Teste: U.-~:ted 81cdes Cawrt of AppeaLs for ihe Se路uenth Circu,it.
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