EXPANSION Units 4–6
C z This exercise reviews the passive forms of modal verbs
presented in Unit 5. Refer students to the Grammar chart on page 58. z Write this sentence on the board: You can finish the job in an hour. Ask a volunteer to come to the board and rewrite it in the passive. (The job can be finished in an hour.) z Point out that the passive form of a modal verb always follows this pattern: modal + be + past participle. z Read the directions and do the first sentence with the class as an example. z Have students work individually to rewrite the rest of the sentences. Check answers by calling on students to read the sentences.
z Refer students again to the example sentence on the
board. Point out that in this exercise each sentence has to begin with the second part of the previous sentence. Write on the board: If Marco hadn’t spilled the milk, _____. Elicit the second part. (. . . his roommate wouldn’t have stepped in it.) z Have students work with a partner to write the rest of the sentences.
Answers Answers will vary. Sample answers: b. If Marco hadn’t spilled the milk, his roommate wouldn’t have stepped in it. c. If his roommate hadn’t stepped in the milk, he wouldn’t have slipped. d. If his roommate hadn’t slipped, he wouldn’t have broken his leg.
Answers
e. If his roommate hadn’t broken his leg, he wouldn’t have gone to the hospital.
1. Many illnesses can be prevented with a healthy diet.
f. If Marco hadn’t said sorry, they would have argued.
2. The school’s budget may be cut next year (by the school board).
g. If Marco had cleared the kitchen, his roommate wouldn’t have had the accident.
3. Hiccups can be cured by drinking a glass of water quickly. 4. Older people should be treated with respect by young people.
Language Builder
5. Application forms must be submitted by March 13th.
Point out that it’s common to use the negative contractions hadn’t, wouldn’t, and couldn’t in conditional sentences. However, Americans don’t usually use a contraction for might not. Explain that it isn’t wrong to say mightn’t have; it just doesn’t sound right to an American ear.
6. Children should be read to every day. 7. The potential side effects of the medication should be explained by a pharmacist. 8. A disease must be diagnosed before it can be treated. 9. I think a cure for cancer will be found in the near future. 10. New items may be added to the menu next week.
D z This exercise reviews past hypothetical conditionals,
which were presented in Unit 6. Refer students to the Grammar chart on page 70. z Ask a volunteer to read aloud the directions and the example. Write the example sentence on the board and review the verb forms used in the if-clause (past perfect or past perfect progressive) and the result clause (would have, might have, could have + past participle). z Focus students’ attention on the cartoon story. Discuss what’s happening in each frame. Suggest that they give Marco’s roommate a name to make it easier to tell the story. a) Marco spills the milk. b) His roommate steps in the milk. c) His roommate slips and falls. d) He breaks his leg. e) He goes to the hospital. f ) He asks Cheo to forgive him
E z This exercise reviews present hypothetical
conditionals, presented in Unit 6, on page 70. z Write the example sentence on the board. Review the
verb forms used in the if-clause (simple past) and the result clause (would, could, might + verb) z Elicit possible follow-up sentences to the example. Point out that, as in the previous exercise, students should build each sentence on the one before it. z Have students work individually or with a partner to write another series of sentences.
Answers Answers will vary.
Workbook Assign pages 55–57 for review of vocabulary and grammar presented in Units 4–6.
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Teacher’s Guide
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