Past simple
Past simple - Forma negativa e interrogativa Verbi regolari e irregolari
Did you enjoy the party?
Forma affermativa ( )
Forma negativa ( )
Forma interrogativa (?)
Estesa
Estesa
Contratta
Forma estesa
I played you stayed
I did not play you did not stay
I didn’t play you didn’t stay
Did I play…? Did you stay…?
he went she bought it slept
he did not go she did not buy it did not sleep
he didn’t go she didn’t buy it didn’t sleep
Did he go…? Did she buy…? Did it sleep…?
we saw you visited they wrote
we did not see you did not visit they did not write
we didn’t see you didn’t visit they didn’t write
Did we see…? Did you visit…? Did they write…?
A differenza di quanto accade con il verbo be ed i verbi modali (vedi Verbi modali pagine 82-86), per le forme interrogativa e negativa del Past simple degli altri verbi, regolari e irregolari (anche del verbo have usato senza got) si deve usare un ausiliare. La forma negativa estesa (did not) si usa nella lingua scritta formale. La forma contratta (didn’t) nella lingua scritta informale e nella lingua parlata.
Quando si usa una parola interrogativa (Where…? What…? What time…? ecc), questa si mette prima dell’ausiliare: parola interrogativa + did + soggetto + verbo base What time did you get up last Sunday? A che ora ti sei alzato/a domenica scorsa? What did you do yesterday afternoon? Che cosa hai fatto ieri pomeriggio? Risposte brevi
La forma negativa si costruisce con: soggetto + didn’t + verbo base I didn’t play tennis. Non ho giocato a tennis. We didn’t have breakfast. Non abbiamo fatto colazione. La forma interrogativa si costruisce con: Did + soggetto + verbo base Did he wash the dishes? Ha lavato i piatti? Did your cat like the fish? Al tuo gatto è piaciuto il pesce?
58
- PT Grammar © ELI
Yes, I did. But I didn’t like the music!
Did you drink milk? Did I dream? Did he like pizza? Did she study French? Did it run fast? Did we look tired? Did you get up early? Did they have lunch?
Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t. Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. Yes, it did. / No, it didn’t. Yes, you did. / No, you didn’t. Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t. Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.
Per rispondere Sì o No si ripete il pronome e l’ausiliare. Yes, + soggetto + did. No, + soggetto + didn’t.