MODAL VERBS Modal verbs are a part of the larger category called auxiliary verbs which are verbs that cannot be used on their own. They need to be accompanied by another (main) verb. Sometimes modal verbs are called modal auxiliaries. The following words are modal verbs: Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Shall, Should, Will, Would. They are modal auxiliary verbs that provide additional information about the verb that follows it. Modal verbs are used to express ability, obligation, permission, assumptions, probability and possibility, requests and offers, and advice. Each modal verb can have more than meaning which depends on the context of that sentence (or question). You can go now. (= permission) /
I can play the guitar. (= ability)
Structure with Modal Verbs A Modal verb is followed by another verb in the base form (the infinitive without the 'To') and they are not conjugated (we don't add an 'S' in third person). See the following structure: Subject + Modal Verb + Verb (base form of the infinitive)
I can speak English (NOT: I can to speak English) He can speak Spanish (NOT: He can speaks Spanish) She can speak Spanish (NOT: She cans speak Spanish)
Modal Verbs in Negative Sentences Subject + Modal Verb + not + Verb (base form of the infinitive)
You must not walk on the grass. (= You mustn't walk on the grass.) He cannot speak Arabic. (= He can't speak Arabic.) We should not be late. (= We shouldn't be late.)
As you can see in the examples above, contractions of the Modal verb + not are normally possible. The negative of can is cannot ('not' is joined to 'can') and the contraction is can't
Modal Verbs in Questions Modal Verb + Subject + Verb (base form of the infinitive)
May I help you? Can I have another piece of cake please? Would you like to come with us?
Uses of Modal Verbs Below we have a list of Modal verbs and the different uses of each with examples.
Can - Could May - Might Must Should Shall Will Would
Can - Could Both Can and Could are Modal Verbs. In general Could is considered more polite (or formal) that Can.
CAN The three main uses of Can are: 1) ability 2) possibility and 3) permission. However there are some other used of Can as we will see below. 1. To express ability Can means to be (physically) able to do something OR to know how to do something.
Birds can fly. Elephants can't fly. I can speak two languages.
2. To express a possibility (in general) This refers to a theoretical possibility. Note: we don't use can to talk about future possibilities. For this you would use may or might.
It can get cold there at night so take a jacket. I know you can win the competition. Well, I think your car can be repaired, but it's not going to be cheap.
3. To offer to do something for others Can is used when you offer to help someone or to do something for them.
You don't need to walk home. I can take you there if you like. Can I carry your bags for you?
4. To ask for or give permission / To request something Can is used to ask for / request permission or to give permission. Note: Can't is used to refuse permission.
You can use my umbrella, I don't need it right now. Can I sit in that chair please? Mary, you can play outside if you like. Can I ask you a question? You can't go to the park. It will still be wet from the rain last night. We can't leave the room until the assignment is completed.
5. Can't: Something that is forbidden or not allowed
We cannot park the car next to this fire hydrant. You can drive as fast as you want on the German motorways. You can't smoke in the restaurant. You cannot drive a car without a license.
6. Can't: when you are sure that something isn't true or something is surprising
It can't be dark outside! It's only 4.30pm!
They can't have landed on the moon, I'm sure it's a hoax.
COULD Could is similar to Can and often replaces Can in the past tense (though not always) 1. To express ability in the past
I could ride a horse when I was younger but now I can't. She could juggle eight balls when she was only 10 years old. He could read when he was three years old.
2. Polite word used to ask for permission or to request something (in the present)
Could I please use your bathroom? Could we move on to the next topic now please? Could you pass me the salt please? I'm busy right now. Could you call back later?
3. General permission in the past
In high school, we couldn't leave the classroom without a pass. He couldn't go to the concert because his mother wouldn't let him.
4. A suggestion when asked what to do (choices and opportunities)
He could try and fix it himself. We could go to the movies if you are interested.
5. Couldn't: Sure that something is untrue Just like can't, you can use couldn't when you are sure that something isn't true or real.
That couldn't be my cat meowing outside, it was hit by a car last week. He couldn't have painted that. He has no artistic ability at all.
6. Could + have + past participle: To express a possibility in the past To express that something was possible but did not happen.
We were lucky because it could have rained but it didn't. Why did you do that? You could have broken your leg.
7. Could + have + past participle: Unrealised past ability This is used to say that someone was able to do something, but they did not try to do it. Sometimes this is a form of criticism.
She could have married anyone she wanted to. Why did you sit there doing nothing? You could have helped me.
8. Could: A conditional form of Can Would + Can = Could. Note: Would be able to can replace could in the following examples.
If we had some oranges I could make you some fresh juice. I could write the letter if you told me what to include.
Can vs Could Summary Chart
May and Might May and Might are modal verbs. They can normally be interchanged without a significant difference in meaning however Might often implies a smaller chance of something happening (when expressing possibility). 1. To express (future) possibility There is a chance that something is true or that there is a possibility of something happening. Note: Might is used more frequently than May in spoken English.
It might rain later (= it is possible that it will rain) I might go to the movies tonight. (Though I'm not sure) I wouldn't talk to Tim right now. He may still be angry after his team lost. He's very good, in fact, I think he may win the competition. She might be late because of the public transport strike.
2. To give permission
You may leave the table once you have finished your meal. You may take only one brochure.
If you have finished the exam, you may leave the room.
May not can be used to NOT give permission or to prohibit someone from doing something.
You may not park your car in front of the gate. You may not take more than one brochure.
3. To ask for permission Note: Can is used more frequently than May in spoken English though May sounds more polite.
May I sit next to you? May I borrow your pen? May I use your bathroom please?
Note: Might could also be used to request permission but it sounds very old and is not common. 4. May: to talk about typical occurrences May is used in academic (or scientific) language to refer to things that typically happen in certain situations.
Drivers may feel tired if they do not take a break every 2 hours. Adults may find it difficult to sleep if they use technology before going to bed. These tablets may produce serious side effects if not taken in the correct dosage.
5. Speculate about past actions (May + have + past participle)
She is late. I think she may have missed her plane. It may have already been broken before you bought it. What was that noise? It may have been a dog outside our window.
6. To express wishes
May you both live a long and happy life together. May the New Year bring you love and happiness. May all your wishes come true. May the odds be ever in your favor.
May as well - Might as well These are expressions can be used to suggest that you will do something because there is nothing better or more interesting to do.
There is nothing on TV. I might as well go to bed. (At the stadium) Our team is losing by 50 points. We may as well go home because they're not going to win.
Must is a modal verb
MUST 1. To express obligation or duty This also refers to laws and regulations.
I must memorize all of these rules about modal verbs. People must remain seated until the show is over. You must wear a seatbelt at all times.
2. To emphasize the necessity of something
Humans must have drinking water at least every two days. You must give up smoking, it's bad for you. We must have a special permit to camp in the national park. You must study the last two chapters before the test. Plants must have light and water to grow. You must drive carefully.
3. Deduction - Sure that something is true (Certainty) We use this when we don't know but we are certain that it is true (based on evidence).
Look at all of that snow. It must be really cold outside. The ground was wet this morning. It must have rained last night.
Dinosaurs were very big, they must have eaten a lot. It's five in the morning and you still haven't gone to bed? You must be tired! Jack must be home. I heard a noise coming from his room.
4. Expresses positive logical assumptions (Must + have + past participle)
That must have been my mother calling me last night, nobody else has my number. He must have won the lottery with the new house and car he has just bought. She must have been at home - her car was there.
5. A strong recommendation Something that is highly recommended (stronger than using should)
We really must get together for dinner sometime. You must see the new Peter Jackson movie, it's fantastic. The ice cream here is delicious. You must try some.
Must Summary Chart
Mustn't The negative is Mustn't which refers to prohibition (negative obligation) Mustn't = Must not
You mustn't use your smartphone while you are driving. You mustn't get on the subway if you haven't paid for the ride. You must not open the gift until it is your birthday. We must not tell anyone.
Must vs. Have to
Must can be replaced by Have to with little difference in meaning:
You have to study. (= you must study) He has to finish the report by Friday. (= He must finish the report by Friday) They have to resit the test. (= They must resit the test)
Have to is a more informal while Must is mostly used in written orders or instructions. Also, Must expresses obligation imposed by the speaker while Have to expresses external obligation.
Teacher: You must complete this essay by Friday Student: We have to complete this essay by Friday.
When we are mentioning someone else's obligations, we use Have to.
John has to quit smoking.
For questions it is more common to use Have to instead of Must (which sounds very formal):
When do you have to pay finish the report? Does he have to take a blood test?
The past tense of Must is Had to:
I had to pay my speeding ticket yesterday.
Mustn't vs. Don't have to Be careful with the negative of Must and Have to where they DO have a different meaning. Mustn't is a negative obligation (= it is important that you do NOT do something) while Don't have to is an absence of obligation. Mustn't = it is prohibited; it is not allowed Don't have to = no obligation; you are not required to do something, especially if you don't want to.
You must not drink that. (= it is forbidden to drink that; it is not allowed) You don't have to drink that. (= you don't need to drink that but you can if you want) You mustn't tell John (= Do not tell John) You don't have to tell John (= you can tell John if you want to but it is not necessary)
Should is a modal verb. After Should you use the base form of the infinitive (= verb without To e.g. Go instead of To Go) Should + Verb (base form of infinitive) e.g. You should go now (do not say: You should to go now.)
SHOULD 1. To give advice, a recommendation or a suggestion This is to say that it is the right thing to do or the correct thing.
Does your tooth still hurt? You should make an appointment with the dentist. I think you should study for the test so that you don't fail. Your hair is too long. You should get a haircut. You really should go to the new restaurant on Main Street.
2. Expresses that a situation is likely in the present
Mary should be at home by now. Give her a call. He should have the letter by now. I sent it a couple of weeks ago.
3. Expresses that a situation is likely in the future (prediction)
They should win the game because they are a much better team. I posted the cheque yesterday so it should arrive this week. It should be fine tomorrow.
4. Expresses an obligation that is not as strong as Must.
Sometimes Should is used instead of Must to make rules, orders or instructions sound more polite. This may appear more frequently on formal notices or on information sheets.
On hearing the fire alarm, hotel guests should leave their room immediately. Passengers should check in at least 2 hours before departure time. You should never lie to your doctor. You should pay more attention in class. You should be at work before 9.
All of the above example sentences can have must instead of should making the obligation stronger and less polite. 5. Was expected in the past but didn't happen (should + have + past participle) This expresses the idea that the subject did not fulfill their obligation in the past or did not act responsibly.
You should have given your boss the report yesterday when he asked for it. I should have studied more but I was too tired.
6. Not fulfilling an obligation (should + be + verb-ing) This expresses the idea that the subject is not fulfilling their obligation or is not acting sensibly.
You should be wearing your seatbelt. (The person isn't wearing one right now) We should be studying for the test. (We are not studying right now and we should)
7. Sometimes should is replaced by ought to without a change in meaning. Note that ought to sounds more formal and is used less frequently.
You ought to study more. (= you should study more) He ought to go home. (= He should go home) They ought to stop doing that. (= They should stop doing that)
Shouldn't We use shouldn't to advise not to do something, usually because it is bad or wrong to do.
You shouldn't throw your litter onto the street. We shouldn't leave without saying goodbye. He shouldn't play with those wires if he doesn't know what he is doing. Are you tired? You shouldn't work so much. You shouldn't talk like that to your grandmother.
Should Summary Chart
SHALL Shall is not used very much nowadays and mostly in formal speech and some legal documents. Originally Shall was used instead of Will in first person (with I and We) when talking about the future. Now almost everyone uses Will with all subjects. Nowadays, the most common use of shall in everyday English (although not in American English) is in questions that serve as offers or suggestions: "Shall I ...?" or "Shall we ...?" Situations where Shall is still occasionally used: 1. Suggestion Notice how each of these can easily be replaced by should.
Shall I get a pizza for dinner tonight? Shall we take a taxi home? It's cold. Shall I close the window? Shall we go now?
2. Offers / Volunteering to do something
That bag looks heavy. Shall I carry it for you? Shall I wait for you? I shall make the arrangements for you.
3. Instructions (asking for or giving)
What shall I do with your mail when it arrives?
I shall meet you there at 7. You shall not pass! (said Gandalf to the Balrog in Lord of the Rings)
4. Promises
You shall be the first person to know. (= I promise that you will be the first person) I shall get you a new bike for your birthday.
5. Confirmation (Statement of Fact) Notice how each of these can easily be replaced by will.
I shall turn 30 next week. We shall know the results of the exam next week. I shall meet you there at 7.
6. Formal written regulations and rules This is very formal and normally avoided in spoken English. The passive is most often used in this situation.
A record shall be kept of all students arriving late to class (= school regulations) Members of the board of directors shall be elected annually (= company regulations)
The Negative of Shall The negative of shall is shall not (= will not). The contraction of shall not is shan't (= won't). It is very rare to hear this used nowadays though you may find it written in older texts.
I shan't let the children bother you.
Shall in Question Tags Shall is used in questions tags when the main verb is Let's.
Let's go to the beach, shall we?
Shall Summary Chart
Future - Will We normally use WILL to speak about the future. It is always combined with another verb. Since WILL is classified as a modal verb (like can, would, could, should) it has the same characteristics: 1. It does not change in the third person (i.e. he, she, it) 2. It is always combined with another verb in the base form (i.e. without 'to') 3. We don't use it with 'Do' in questions or negatives. Examples of Will:
I will go to the cinema tonight. He will play tennis tomorrow. She will be happy with her exam results. They will take the bus to the South next week.
When to use WILL We use WILL in the following circumstances: 1. For things that we decide to do now. (Rapid Decisions) This is when you make a decision at that moment, in a spontaneous way.
I'll call a taxi for you. I think we'll go right now. (I just decided this right now) Which one? Um, I will have the chicken sandwich please.
2. When we think or believe something about the future. (Prediction) This can be based on personal judgement or opinion.
The President will not be re-elected at the next election. I think it will rain later so take an umbrella with you. I think you will find the movie interesting.
Notice how you often use "I think..." before the subject + will. 3. To make an offer, a promise or a threat.
You look tired. I'll finish the dishes for you. I will do my best to help you. If you say anything I will kill you! I will have it ready by tomorrow. I'll drive you to work if you want. Don't worry, I won't tell anyone. (won't = will not)
4. For a habit that is a predictable behaviour
My daughter will fall asleep as soon as she is put into bed. He will give up if he starts losing. He always does that.
5. You use WON'T when someone refuses to do something.
I told him to clean his room but he won't do it. She won't listen to anything I say.
Negative Sentences with WILL In the negative, we add NOT to the end of WILL and not to the main verb. (= will not) Examples:
I will not be in the office tomorrow. (correct) I will be not in the office tomorrow. (Incorrect) They will not stay here. (correct) They will stay not here. (Incorrect)
Contractions It is possible to use contractions in both positive and negative sentences. With positive contractions WILL becomes 'LL and is joined to the subject: Positive Contraction I will
I'll
You will
you'll
He will
he'll
She will
she'll
It will
it'll
We will
we'll
You will
you'll
They will they'll
With negative contractions, will not becomes won't: Negative Contraction I will not
I won't
You will not
you won't
He will not
he won't
She will not
she won't
It will not
it won't
We will not
we won't
You will not
you won't
They will not they won't
Questions To form a question using WILL, we reverse the order of the subject and WILL: Affirmative
Question
He
will
be
Subject WILL
Verb
Will
he
be
WILL
Subject Verb
here tomorrow.
here tomorrow?
Examples: Will they win the cup? - Yes, they will. - No, they won't. Will you tell him the truth? - Yes, I will. - No, I won't. Will she get angry? - Yes, she will. - No, she won't.
Would
English Grammar - Modal Verbs Would is a modal verb. Would is often used in conditional sentences with a clause beginning with "If..." but it can also be used in the following situations:
WOULD 1. Used as a polite invitation or to offer
Would you like to go to the movies with me tonight? Would you like some more tea? I would be happy to help you with preparation for your exam.
When someone asks a question to invite you or offer you something using Would, the response can be: Yes, I would OR No, I wouldn't.
Would you like to have a coffee with me? Yes, I would.
2. Describe a prediction (hypothetical situations)
It would be nice to have a barbecue. Nobody would believe me if I told them I had seen a UFO.
3. To not sound impolite when disagreeing with someone
It would like to point out that you need to review those numbers. I wouldn't agree with that.
4. To describe past habits
Before internet people would send letters to each other. When I was at school I would get up before everyone else in our house.
(This is similar to using Used to) 5. Future in the past
We use would when we are talking about the past but we want to talk about something which was in the future at that time (in the past).
When I was in Paris last year I would spend hours sitting at coffee shops writing ideas for my novel. She promised she would send a postcard from Peru. I told you he would help us.
6. Wouldn't: To describe a past unwillingness (refusal)
He said he wouldn't help us. My son wouldn't eat his food.
Form of Passive Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs) Example: A letter was written. When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following / Cuando reescribes una frase de active a pasiva, hay que fijarse en:
the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence / El objeto de la action se convierte en el sujeto de la oración pasiva ej: Sol reads a book---------------- passive-------- ---A book is read by Sol
Sol lee un libro
Un libro es leído por Sol
Sol = Subject
A book = subject
A book = object
Sol = object
the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)/ La forma del verbo cambia (to be + past participle) ej: reads----------------------Passive---------------is read
the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped) /El sujeto de la oración se convierte en el objeto (ejemplo Sol reads a Book / A book is read by Sol Examples: 1. John reads the book in one week. (active) -------------------- John lee el libro en una semana The book was read by John in one week. (passive)---------- El libro es leído por John en una semana 2. Mike buys a car. (active)----------------------------------------- Mike compra un coche A car is bought by Mike. (passiv e) --------------------------un coche es comprado por Mike Cuando hagas una frase en voz pasiva tienes que tener encuenta si está en presente, pasado futuro,… A continuación hay un esquema de cómo se hacen las oraciones en pasiva según el tiempo verbal en el que esten John wrote a story----------------------------------John escribió una historia A story was written by John ----------------------Una historia fue escrita por John
Passive Sentences with Two Objects Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on. Subject
Active: Passive:
Rita A letter
Verb
Object 1
Object 2
wrote
a letter
to me.
was written
to me
by Rita.
Passive:
I
was written
a letter
by Rita.
.
As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. That’s why it is usually dropped.
Personal and Impersonal Passive Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive. Example: They build houses. – Houses are built. Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction – therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive. Example: he says – it is said Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know). Example: They say that women live longer than men. – It is said that women live longer than men.
Exercises Exercises on Passive (Form) Simple present https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises Simple past https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?02 Present perfect https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?02 Future I https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive/exercises?04
Exercises on Passive (Active → Passive)
Exercise on Passive with Simple Present
Exercise on Passive with Simple Past
Exercise on Passive with Present Perfect
Exercise on Passive with Future I
Exercise on Passive with Auxiliary Verbs
Mixed Exercise on Passive with Passive
Sentences with 2 Objects (Indirect Object, Personal Passive)
(neu)
Sentences with 2 Objects (Direct Object)
Personal Passive (verbs of perception)
Exercise on Passive with Present Progressive
Exercise on Passive with Past Progressive
Exercise on Passive with Past Perfect
Exercise on Passive with Future II
Exercise on Passive with Conditional I
Exercise on Passive with Conditional II
(neu) (neu)
Future tenses There are several different ways in English that you can talk about the future. This page is an introduction to the most important ones: -
Predictions/statements of fact Intentions Arrangements Scheduled events
Predictions/statements of fact The auxiliary verb will is used in making predictions or simple statements of fact about the future.
The sun will rise at 6.30 tomorrow. Lunch break today will be 10 minutes longer than usual. In the year 2050 all students will have their own computers in school. If you help me, I will help you. Do you think she will come soon? You won't pass your exams if you don't start working harder. I know my parents won't let me go to the party. Will it snow for Christmas? I know she's sick, but will she be back in school tomorrow?
Intentions The auxiliary verb going to is used in talking about intentions. (An intention is a plan for the future that you have already thought about.)
We're going to buy a new car next month. I'm going to work in a bank when I leave school. In the new year I'm going to stop eating so much junk. He's not going to go to the dance. He's got too much work. I'm not going to watch TV until my science project is finished. Are you going to play basketball after school? What are you going to have for lunch today?
Note: going to is often used in the past tense to talk about an unfulfilled intention. Examples: I was going to study for my grammar test, but I had no time. / He was going to call you, but he couldn't find his mobile phone. / My grandmother was going to visit us, but she fell and broke her arm.
Arrangements
The present continuous tense is used in talking about arrangements. (An arrangement is is a plan for the future that you have already thought about and discussed with someone else.)
I'm meeting my mother at the airport tomorrow. Our grandparents are visiting us this Christmas. Sorry, I can't stay after school today; I'm playing tennis with Jun-Sik. My sister's going to the dentist tomorrow. I'm not returning home for the holidays, so I can come to your party after all! Are you doing anything on Sunday morning? Do you know if he is going to the dance with Maiko next week?
Scheduled events The present simple tense is usually used to refer to future events that are scheduled (and outside of our control).
Hurry up! The train departs in 10 minutes. I leave Frankfurt at 5 o'clock in the morning and arrive in New York at midnight the next day.
She has an appointment with the headmaster after school today. There's no need to hurry. The train doesn't leave for another 30 minutes. When does the meeting begin?
verbos irregulares 1º ESO Estudia en línea en quizlet.com/_22bjsh 1.
BECOME BECAME BECOME
CONVERTIRSE
39.
HAVE (HAS HAVE) HAD HAD
TENER
2.
BEGIN BEGAN BEGUN
EMPEZAR
40.
HEAR HEARD HEARD
ESCUCHAR
3.
BET BET BET
APOSTAR
41.
HIDE HID HIDDEN
ESCONDER
4.
BE WAS WERE BEEN
SER ESTAR
42.
HIT HIT HIT
GOLPEAR
5.
BITE BIT BITTEN
MORDER
43.
HOLD HELD HELD
AGUANTAR SUJETAR
6.
BLEED BLED BLED
SANGRAR
44.
HURT HURT HURT
HERIR, HACER DAÑO
7.
BLOW BLEW BLOWN
SOPLAR
45.
KEEP KEPT KEPT
GUARDAR
8.
BREAK BROKE BROKEN
ROMPER
46.
KNOW KNEW KNOWN
SABER
9.
BRING BROUGHT BROUGHT
TRAER
47.
LAY LAID LAID
COLOrAR, EXTENDER
10.
BUILD BUILT BUILT
CONSTRUIR
48.
LEAD LED LED
DIRIGIR
11.
BURN BURNT BURNT (BURNED)
QUEMAR
49.
APRENDER
12.
BUY BOUGHT BOUGHT
COMPRAR
LEARN LEARNT LEARNT (LEARNED)
13.
CAN COULD BE ABLE TO
PODER
50.
LEAVE LEFT LEFT
MARCHAR
14.
CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT
COJER
51.
LEND LENT LENT
15.
CHOOSE CHOSE CHOSEN
ESCOJER
DEJAR PRESTADO, PRESTAR
COME CAME COME
VENIR
52.
LET LET LET
PERMITIR, DEJAR
16.
COST COST COST
COSTAR
53.
LIGHT LIT LIT
ENCENDER
17.
CUT CUT CUT
CORTAR
54.
LOSE LOST LOST
PERDER
18.
DEAL DEALT DEALT
TRATAR
55.
MAKE MADE MADE
HACER
19.
DO DID DONE
HACER
56.
MEAN MEANT MEANT
20.
SIGNIFICAR, QUERER DECIR
21.
DRAW DREW DRAWN
DIBUJAR
57.
MEET MET MET
22.
DREAM DREAMT DREAMT (DREAMED)
SOÑAR
ENCONTRARSE, REUNIRSE
23.
DRINK DRANK DRUNK
BEBER
58.
PAY PAID PAID
PAGAR
24.
DRIVE DROVE DRIVEN
CONDUCIR
59.
PUT PUT PUT
PONER
25.
EAT ATE EATEN
COMER
60.
READ READ READ
LEER
26.
FALL FELL FALLEN
CAER
61.
RIDE RODE RIDDEN
MONTAR
27.
FELL FELT FELT
SENTIR
62.
RING RANG RUNG
SONAR, LLAMAR
28.
FIGHT FOUGHT FOUGHT
LUCHAR PELEAR
63.
RISE ROSE RISEN
ELEVAR
29.
FIND FOUND FOUND
ENCONTRAR
64.
RUN RAN RUN
CORRER
30.
FLY FLEW FLOWN
VOLAR
65.
SAY SAID SAID
DECIR
31.
FORGET FORGOT FORGOTTEN
OLVIDAR
66.
SEE SAW SEEN
VER
32.
FORGIVE FORGAVE FORGIVEN
PERDONAR
67.
SELL SOLD SOLD
VENDER
33.
FREEZE FROZE FROZEN
CONGELAR
68.
SEND SENT SENT
ENVIAR MANDAR
34.
GET GOT GOT
CONSEGUIR
69.
SET SET SET
ARMAR,
35.
GIVE GAVE GIVEN
DAR
70.
SHAKE SHOOK SHAKEN
SACUDIR
36.
GO WENT GONE (BEEN)
IR
71.
SHINE SHONE SHONE
BRILLAR
37.
GROW GREW GROWN
CRECER
72.
SHOOT SHOT SHOT
DISPARAR
38.
HANG HUNG HUNG
COLGAR
73.
SHUT SHUT SHUT
CERRAR
74.
SING SANG SUNG
CANTAR
75.
SINK SANK SUNK
HUNDIR
76.
SIT SAT SAT
SENTAR
77.
SLEEP SLEPT SLEPT
DORMIR
78.
SMELL SMELT SMELT (SMELLED)
OLER
79.
SPEAK SPOKE SPOKEN
HABLAR
80.
SPELL SPELT SPELT (SPELLED)
DELETREAR
81.
SPEND SPENT SPENT
GASTAR
82.
SPILL SPILT SPILT (SPILLED)
DERRAMAR
83.
SPLIT SPLIT SPLIT
PARTIR
84.
SPOIL SPOILT SPOILT (SPOILED)
ARRUINAR, ESTROPEAR
85.
SPREAD SPREAD SPREAD
EXTENDER
86.
STAND STOOD STOOD
ESTAR DE PIE
87.
STEAL STOLE STOLEN
ROBAR
88.
STICK STUCK STUCK
PEGAR (USANDO PEGAMENTO)
89.
SWIM SWAM SWUM
NADAR
90.
TAKE TOOK TAKEN
TOMAR
91.
TEACH TAUGHT TAUGHT
ENSEÑAR
92.
TELL TOLD TOLD
DECIR
93.
THINK THOUGHT THOUGHT
PENSAR
94.
THROW THREW THROWN
TIRAR LANZAR
95.
UNDERSTAND UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD
ENTENDER
96.
UPSET UPSET UPSET
MOLESTAR DISGUSTAR
97.
WAKE WOKE WOKEN
DESPERTAR
98.
WEAR WORE WORN
USAR
99.
WIN WON WON
GANAR
100.
WRITE WROTE WRITTEN
ESCRIBIR
Phrasal verbs Estudia en línea en quizlet.com/_1zfclt 1.
account for
1. explicar, justificar; 2. responder de, rendir cuentas
27.
bring down
1. bajar; 2. derribar; 3. rebajar precios
2.
add on
añadir, poner encima
28.
1. adelantar; 2. presentar una idea
3.
add up
1. sumar; 2. tener sentido o lógica
bring forward
4.
allow for
tener en cuenta, contar con
29.
bring in
1. ganar dinero; 2. introducir, hacer entrar
30.
bring out
1. sacar; 2. publicar; 3. resaltar, enfatizar
5.
ask for
1. pedir, solicitar dinero o ayuda; 2. preguntar por
31.
bring up
6.
ask in
invitar a alguien a pasar
1. educar a un niño; 2. plantear un asunto o problema; 3. vomitar
7.
back away
retirarse, abandonar
32.
build on
agregar
33.
bump into
1. chocar contra; 2. toparse con
8.
back down
echarse atrás
34.
burst into
irrumpir en, echarse a llorar, reír o cantar
35.
buy up
acaparar
9.
back off
desistir
36.
call back
devolver la llamada
10.
bail out
1. pagar la fianza a alguien, sacar a alguien de un apuro; 2. saltar en paracaídas
37.
call for
1. exigir, requerir; 2. recoger
38.
call in
1. hacer pasar, que entre; 2. hacer escala en navegación
39.
call off
suspender, cancelar
40.
call on
1. apelar a; 2. visitar
41.
call up
1. llamar por teléfono; 2. evocar; 3. llamar a filas
11.
bank on
contar con
12.
beat up
dar una paliza
13.
be in for
estar en cola para
14.
bend over
inclinarse
42.
care for
1. cuidar, sentir cariño hacia una persona o animal; 2. querer
15.
boil over
rebosar, salirse un líquido
43.
carry on
1. continuar, seguir, mantener; 2. insistir
44.
carry out
llevar a cabo, cumplir
16.
book in
registrarse, hacer una reserva
45.
catch on
1. ponerse de moda; 2. darse cuenta, entender
17.
bounce back
1. recuperarse, recobrarse; 2. rebotar
46.
catch up with
alcanzar a, dar alcance
18.
break away
desprenderse, separarse
47.
chat up
ligar con alguien, seducir
break into
1. forzar, entrar por la fuerza; 2. echarse a reír o llorar
48.
check up
revisar, examinar
19.
49.
clean out
20.
break out
1. evadirse, escaparse, fugarse; 2. estallar una tormenta o violencia; 3. salir sarpullido
1. limpiar a fondo; 2. vaciar; 3. desplumar a alguien
50.
clear up
1. recoger, ordenar; 2. despejarse el tiempo
21.
break through
penetrar, abrirse paso, atravesar
51.
come about
ocurrir, suceder
22.
breathe in
1. respirar; 2. aspirar
52.
come across
1. dar con algo; 2. encontrarse con alguien
23.
breathe out
1. exhalar; 2. espirar
53.
come along
1. darse prisa; 2. progresar
24.
bring about
provocar, ocasionar, traer consigo
54.
come away
1. irse, marcharse; 2. separarse, desprenderse de
25.
bring along
traer
55.
come back
1. regresar, volver; 2. contraatacar
26.
bring back
1. volver a introducir; 2. recordar, traer a la memoria; 3. devolver
56.
come by
1. toparse con; 2. pasarse por; 3.adquirir, comprar
57.
come down
1. bajar; 2. caer la lluvia o nieve; 3. derrumbarse un edificio, el techo; 4. reducirse
79.
crack down on
tomar medidas contra
58.
come down on
caerle encima algo a alguien
80.
cross off or out
tachar
81.
come down to
ser cuestión de
cross over
cruzar
59.
82.
curl up
enroscarse, acurrucarse
come forward
1. avanzar; 2. ofrecerse como voluntario
83.
cut back
1. reducir, disminuir; 2. podar una planta
84.
reducir algo
come from
descender de una familia, ascendencia
cut back on
85.
come in
1. entrar; 2. llegar un tren; 3. subir la marea; 4. ponerse de moda
cut down
1. reducir gastos, economizar; 2. talar árboles; 3. restringir
86.
cut off
come into
1. entrar en; 2. heredar
1. cortar un suministro de agua, electricidad, teléfono; 2. aislar una ciudad; 3. restringir
87.
cut out
1. recortar; 2. excluir, eliminar; 3. calarse un motor
come off
1. caerse; 2. quitarse de algo
88.
cut up
cortar en pedazos
89.
remontar a, datar de
come on
1. progresar; 2. comenzar una película, la lluvia; 3. salir a escena, aparecer un actor o actriz
date back to
90.
come on to
pasar a, proceder a
deal with
1. tratar con; 2. ocuparse de un asunto o problema; 3. castigar; 4. concluir
91.
67.
come out
1. salir de un sitio; 2. salir el sol, una flor, una foto; 3. quitarse una mancha
die down
1. extinguirse, apagarse un fuego; 2. amainar una tormenta; 3. disminuir un ruido
92.
die out
extinguirse
68.
come over
1. acercarse; 2. venir a visitar
93.
dig up
arrancar, desenterrar
come round
1. doblar una esquina; 2. volver en sí; 3. llegar una carta, las vacaciones, un cumpleaños
94.
dispose of
desechar, deshacerse de algo
69.
come through
1. cruzar un túnel, puente; 2. sobrevivir, recuperarse de un accidente o enfermedad; 3. penetrar la luz; 4. llegar un mensaje
95.
do away with
eliminar, abolir, acabar con
70.
96.
privar de
71.
come under
1. formar parte de; 2. ser competencia de
do out of
97.
do up
72.
come up
1. subir; 2. acercarse; 3. surgir un problema, una pregunta
1. abrochar una camisa, atar los zapatos; 2. arreglar, renovar, reformar
98.
apañarse sin, prescindir de
73.
come upon
encontrarse con, tropezarse con alguien
do without
99.
draw up
74.
come up to
llegar hasta, alcanzar
1. preparar, redactar un contrato; detenerse un coche
100.
fantasear, fabular
75.
come up with
proponer una idea
dream up
101.
dress up
1. disfrazar; 2. disfrazarse, vestirse elegantemente
76.
count on
contar con
102.
drive out
expulsar, sacar a patadas
77.
count out
excluir
103.
drop by
pasarse a ver a alguien, hacer una breve visita informal
78.
cover up
1. encubrir un crimen; 2. cubrirse con ropa, taparse
104.
drop off
1. entregar; 2. decrecer, caer; 3. quedarse dormido
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
drop out
1. dejar los estudios, darse de baja; 2. retirarse de un concurso o competición
130.
fix up
arreglar, reparar
131.
follow up
poner en práctica, seguir
106.
eat up
1. terminar una comida; 2. consumir energía
107.
end up
terminar, acabar
132.
1. desplazarse, viajar; 2. circular una noticia
enter into
1. firmar, cerrar un acuerdo; 2. iniciar, entablar relaciones, conversaciones
get about
108.
133.
1. arreglárselas; 2. llevarse bien
face up to
reconocer
get along
134.
get at
1. alcanzar; 2.meterse con; 3. insinuar
110.
fade away
disiparse, apagarse lentamente un sonido, el amor, marchitarse
135.
get away
irse, escaparse
111.
fall apart
1. fracasar una relación amorosa; 2. desbaratarse un plan
136.
salir impune, salirse con la suya
112.
fall away
1. caerse, desprenderse una roca o escayola; 2. decrecer
get away with
137.
1. apuntar, tomar notas; 2. bajar
fall back on
recurrir, apoyarse en
get down
138.
get down to
ponerse a trabajar
114.
fall behind
1. retrasarse el trabajo; 2. quedarse atrás; 3. caerse
139.
get in
1. entrar, llegar; 2. ser elegido por votación; 3. comprar, obtener
115.
fall down
caerse; hundirse
140.
get into
1. llegar a; 2. subir a un vehículo; 3. meterse en líos, en política
116.
fall for
1. enamorarse de; 2. tragarse una mentira, caer en un engaño
141.
get off
1. apearse, bajarse de un vehículo; 2. librarse de un castigo; 3. quitarse la ropa o una mancha
117.
fall into
caer en gracia, en desuso
142.
get on
1. llevarse bien; 2. arreglárselas; 3. progresar, seguir; 4. envejecer
118.
fall off
desprenderse, caerse
143.
llevarse bien con
119.
fall out
1. caerse el pelo, los dientes; 2. discutir, reñir; 3. romper filas
get on with
144.
get out
1. salir; 2. sacar
145.
get over
1. recuperarse; 2. olvidarse de; 3. vencer, superar
146.
get round
1. evitar, sortear; 2. persuadir, convencer
147.
get together
1. reunir; 2. reunirse, juntarse
148.
get up
1. levantarse de la cama, la silla; 2. despertar
149.
get up to
llegar hasta
150.
give away
1. regalar, obsequiar; 2. revelar, delatar, traicionar
151.
give back
devolver
152.
give in
1. rendirse; 2. entregar; 3. sucumbir
153.
give up
1. dejar de hacer algo; 2. darse por vencido
154.
go about
1. salir, viajar una persona; 2. circular una noticia o rumor; 3. ocuparse de; 4. llevar a cabo una tarea
155.
go ahead
1. empezar; 2. ir, seguir adelante; 3. continuar
105.
109.
113.
120.
fall over
1. caerse; 2. tropezarse con algo
121.
fall through
fracasar
122.
fight back
1. reprimir; 2. contraatacar
123.
fight back
1. contraatacar; 2. defenderse
124.
fight off
rechazar
125.
fill in
1. rellenar un impreso; 2. poner al corriente
126.
fill up
1. llenar hasta el borde; 2. repostar combustible
127.
filter out
ignorar
128.
find out
1. averiguar, descubrir; 2. informarse
129.
finish up
1. terminar; 2. acabar
go along
1. proceder; 2. ir hacia adelante
179.
hit out
1. agredir verbalmente; 2. lanzar un ataque
180.
hold against
guardar rencor
157.
go along
1. proceder a; 2. ir hacia delante
158.
go along with
estar de acuerdo con, consentir
181.
hold down
1. sujetar, contener; 2. dominar
182.
hold on
1. agarrarse bien; 2. aguantar; 3. esperar
183.
hold out
1. tender una cuerda; 2. aguantar, resistir
159.
go around
1. rodear; 2. andar de un lado para otro
184.
hold up
1. sostener, soportar como las columnas; 2. demorar, retener; 3. aguantar, resistir
160.
go away
marcharse, desaparecer
185.
join in
participar en, tomar parte
186.
jump at
aceptar, recibir con entusiasmo
161.
go back
1. volver; 2. retroceder
187.
keep back
1. mantenerse alejado; 2. retener
go down
1. bajar, descender; 2. desinflarse un neumático o un flotador; 3. hundirse un barco; 4. ponerse el sol o la luna; 5. empeorar; 6. perder
188.
keep off
1. mantenerse alejado; 2. mantener alejado
162.
189.
keep to
atenerse a, limitarse a
190.
kick out
echar a patadas
191.
knock down
derribar, demoler, abaratar
192.
knock out
dejar sin conocimiento, eliminar
193.
knock over
tirar, volcar, arrollar
156.
163.
go down with
coger una enfermedad
164.
go for
1. ir a por, ir a buscar; 2. elegir, optar por; 3. atacar
165.
go in
1. entrar, ir adentro; 2. caber
166.
go on
1. pasar, suceder; 2. continuar
194.
laugh at
reírse de, burlarse de
167.
go out
1. salir; 2. apagarse un fuego, la luz, una vela; 3. pasar de moda
195.
lay down
1. dejar a un lado; 2. deponer, rendir las armas
196.
lay off
1. despedir del trabajo; 2. dejar en paz
197.
lay out
1. diseñar, trazar; 2. disponer, preparar la ropa
198.
lead up to
anticipar, preceder
199.
leave behind
1. dejar atrás, abandonar; 2. olvidarse
200.
leave off
dejar de, parar
201.
leave out
1. omitir, excluir; 2. no guardar objetos
202.
let down
1. defraudar; 2. desinflar; 3. bajar
203.
let in
dejar entrar
204.
let off
1. hacer estallar una bomba; 2. perdonar; 3. dejar bajar de un transporte público
205.
let out
1. revelar un secreto; 2. dejar salir, liberar; 3. soltar un grito, un suspiro
206.
lie about or around
estar tumbado sin hacer nada
207.
lie down
1. acostarse, echarse; 2. estar acostado o echado
208.
lift up
alzar, levantar
209.
live off
1. vivir de; 2. alimentarse de
210.
live up to
igualar, estar a la altura de
211.
live with
sobrellevar, vivir con
go round or around
girar, dar vueltas, rotar
go through
1. pasar por, cruzar; 2. experimentar; 3. practicar; 4. gastar; 5. revisar un documento
170.
go up
1. subir; 2. aumentar; 3. acercarse; 4. ser construido un edificio
171.
grow out of
originarse a partir de
172.
grow up
1. crecer, madurar; 2. criarse
173.
hand in
1. entregar un trabajo; 2. presentar una solicitud
174.
hand out
repartir, distribuir
175.
hand over
entregar en mano
176.
hang around
perder el tiempo
177.
have on
1. llevar puesto; 2. tomar el pelo a alguien
head for
dirigirse hacia
168.
169.
178.
look after
cuidar a, ocuparse de un niño, anciano o asuntos
238.
own up
confesar
239.
part with
desprenderse, deshacerse de
213.
look back
1. mirar atrás; 2. recordar algo
240.
pass away
fallecer
214.
look down on
despreciar, menospreciar
241.
pass by
1. pasar cerca de; 2. pasar de largo
242.
pass down
transmitir
look forward to
tener ganas de, anhelar algo 243.
pass off
1. transcurrir; 2. hacerse pasar por
244.
pass over
pasar por alto, olvidar
look into
examinar, investigar 245.
pass round
pasar de uno a otro
look out for
vigilar, observar, estar pendiente de 246.
patch up
remendar, arreglar la ropa
218.
look through
1. hojear un libro; 2. revisar, echar un vistazo a un documento
247.
pay back
devolver, reembolsar
219.
look up
1. alzar la vista; 2. buscar en un libro
248.
pay off
1. pagar; 2. sobornar; 3. valer la pena
220.
look up to
admirar a alguien
249.
pay out
pagar, gastar
loom up
surgir
250.
pay up
pagar lo que se debe
221.
make for
1. dirigirse a, hacia; 2. conllevar, contribuir
251.
phase out
retirar paulatinamente
222.
make up
1. inventar; 2. maquillarse la cara; 3. preparar la comida, maquillar por ejemplo unas cuentas
252.
pick on
meterse con, criticar
223.
253.
pick out
1. elegir cuidadosamente; 2. reconocer, identificar
224.
meet up
encontrarse, reunirse
254.
piece together
montar, juntar, reconstruir
225.
meet with
1. reunirse con; 2. tropezar con un problema; 3. sufrir un accidente
255.
plan on
tener intención de
256.
1. jugar, juguetear; 2. divertirse
melt away
derretirse, esfumarse
play around
257.
restar importancia
mess about
1. entretenerse, pasar el rato; 2. fastidiar, engañar
play down
258.
malmeter, enfrentar
228.
mess up
desordenar, ensuciar, estropear
play off against
229.
miss out
1. omitir, saltarse; 2. excluir
259.
play on
230.
mix up
1. revolver, desordenar; 2. confundir con
1. aprovecharse de; 2. seguir tocando un instrumento o seguir jugando a un juego o partido
231.
move about
cambiar de sitio, desplazarse
260.
plug in
enchufar, conectar
move about
1. cambiar de sitio objetos; 2. desplazarse las personas
261.
point out
indicar, señalar, observar, puntualizar
232.
move off
irse, marcharse
262.
pop up
aparecer, aflorar
233.
263.
press on
seguir adelante
234.
move over
1. apartarse, moverse a un lado; 2. apartar, mover a un lado
264.
print out
imprimir
265.
mantener a la familia
note down
apuntar, anotar
provide for
266.
maltratar
236.
open up
1. abrir, establecer, desarrollar; 2. establecerse
pull about
237.
opt out
borrarse de algo, optar por no participar
212.
215.
216.
217.
226.
227.
235.
267.
pull down
1. bajar los pantalones; 2. derribar un edificio
295.
run across
encontrarse con
268.
pull in
1. detener la policía; 2. recoger una cuerda; 3. llegar un tren
296.
run around
corretear
269.
push around
1. mangonear; 2. empujar
297.
run away
1. fugarse; 2. apoderarse
270.
push on
seguir adelante, impulsar
298.
ganar fácilmente una carrera
271.
push over
hacer caer a empujones
run away with
272.
push through
1. abrirse paso entre; 2. llevar a buen término
299.
run down
1. atropellar; 2. agotarse
273.
put across
comunicar, transmitir
300.
run down
1. atropellar; 2. gastar una pila o batería; 3. pararse un reloj
274.
put away
1. recoger, ordenar, guardar los juguetes; 2. ahorrar, apartar un dinero; 3. encerrar a un criminal
301.
run into
1. toparse con una persona; 2. chocar contra
302.
run out
agotarse, quedarse sin algo
303.
put down
1. sofocar una rebelión; 2. menospreciar a una persona; 3. sacrificar a un animal
run through
hojear, repasar un libro
275.
304.
run up
1. acumular deudas; 2. izar una bandera
276.
put forward
1. proponer, exponer; 2. nombrar candidatos
305.
see through
calar
277.
put in
1. introducir, insertar; 2. presentarse a un puesto
306.
see to
encargarse de, disponer
278.
put off
1. posponer, aplazar; 2. apagar la luz; 3. desalentar
307.
sell off
vender, liquidar
279.
put on
1. encender; 2. ponerse ropa; 3. engordar
308.
sell up
venderlo todo
280.
put on
1. ponerse la ropa; 2. abrir el gas, encender la luz o la calefacción, poner la radio; 3. tomarle el pelo a alguien
309.
send away
despedir, enviar fuera
310.
set about
1. emprender; 2. agredir, atacar
311.
set against
contraponer, enemistar
312.
set aside
1. dejar a un lado; 2. ahorrar, guardar, reservar; 3. prescindir de
313.
set back
1. retrasar, entorpecer; 2. complicar, obstaculizar
281.
put out
1. sacar, publicar; 2. apagar un fuego; hacerse a la mar
put through
pasar con, comunicar con alguien por teléfono
put together
1. reunir, juntar; 2. montar un mueble, encajar
284.
put up
1. alojar, hospedar; 2. aumentar
314.
set back
obstaculizar, retrasar, entorpecer
285.
put up to
incitar a alguien a hacer algo
315.
set down
1. poner por escrito; 2. dejar encima de, poner sobre; 3. establecer una norma
286.
put up with
aguantar, soportar
316.
set in
1. comenzar a llover; 2. cundir el pánico
317.
set off
1. salir, ponerse en camino; 2. desencadenar
287.
read out
leer en voz alta
318.
set on
atacar, atrapar un perro
288.
rip off
1. arrancar; 2. timar, estafar; 3. pelar
319.
set out
1. salir, ponerse en camino; 2. proponerse
289.
rip up
hacer pedazos
320.
290.
rise up
sublevarse, alzarse
settle down
1. acomodarse, ponerse cómodo; 2. adaptarse; 3. calmarse
291.
roll over
dar una vuelta, girar
321.
conformarse con, aceptar
292.
roll up
1. enrollar; 2. presentarse, acudir
settle for
293.
rub in
aplicar crema
322.
settle in
1. acostumbrarse; 2. instalarse
294.
rule out
descartar, excluir
282.
283.
323.
settle on
decidirse, acordar
359.
take apart
desmontar, deshacer, desarmar
324.
shake off
1. sacudirse; 2. quitarse de encima, zafarse
360.
take away
llevarse, quitar, sacar
325.
show up
1. poner de manifiesto, revelar; 2. presentarse, aparecer
361.
take back
devolver, recuperar
362.
take down
1. derribar, derrotar; 2. anotar, tomar nota de
326.
shut out
quedarse, dejar afuera
363.
take in
1. alojar, acoger; 2. asimilar; 3. engañar
327.
shut up
1. cerrar; 2. callarse
364.
take off
1. quitar la ropa; 2. despegar un avión
328.
sink in
penetrar, calar un líquido
365.
take on
329.
sit around or about
quedarse sentado sin hacer nada
1. hacerse cargo de; 2. adquirir; 3. contratar; 4. asumir; 5. enfrentarse
366.
sit back
1. recostarse; 2. cruzarse de brazos
take out on
desquitarse con alguien
330. 331.
sit down
sentarse, tomar asiento
367.
take up
332.
sit down
sentarse
1. levantar; 2. hacer suyo; 3. reanudar; 4. empezar a hacer un deporte o afición
333.
snap up
no dejar escapar una oportunidad
368.
take up on
estar en desacuerdo con alguien
334.
soak up
absorber
369.
talk into
convencer, persuadir
335.
sort out
1. solucionar, poner en orden los papeles; 2. resolver, arreglar un problema
370.
talk over
1. apoderarse, asumir el mando; 2. absorber
371.
tear apart
destrozar, desgarrar
336.
speak up
1. hablar más alto; 2. decir lo que se piensa
372.
tear up
romper en pedazos, arrancar de raíz
337.
spill over
desbordarse
373.
tell off
regañar, reñir
338.
split up
1. dividir; 2. separarse
374.
think over
considerar detenidamente, pensar bien
339.
spring up
colgar
375.
considerar un proyecto o plan
340.
stand back
1. retroceder; 2. distanciarse
think through
341.
stand down
renunciar, dimitir
376.
think up
imaginar, idear, inventar
342.
stand for
1. significar; 2. representar; 3. presentarse a un cargo; 4. aguantar
377.
throw away
tirar, desaprovechar, malgastar
343.
stand out
destacar, sobresalir
378.
throw out
344.
stand up
1. levantarse, ponerse de pie; 2. resistir algo
1. tirar la basura; 2. rechazar, expulsar; 3. desbaratar unos planes
start out
1. empezar, iniciar; 2. partir de viaje
379.
throw up
1. levantar con rapidez; 2. vomitar
345.
stay in
quedarse en casa
380.
346.
tie up; to be tied up
1. atar a un animal, amarrar algo; 2. estar liado u ocupado
347.
stay on
quedarse en su sitio, no moverse
381.
top up
llenar hasta el tope
348.
stay up
quedarse levantado, no acostarse
382.
localizar, encontrar
349.
stem from
resultar de algo
track down
350.
step aside
ahorrar, guardar, reservar
383.
trip over
dar un tropezón, tropezarse
351.
step down
renunciar, dimitir
384.
truss up
atar
352.
step in
intervenir, tomar cartas en el asunto
385.
try on
probarse por ejemplo ropa
353.
step up
fundar, instalar, montar, erigir
386.
try out
probar, poner a prueba
354.
stick out
1. sobresalir; 2. sacar
387.
tune in
sintonizar la radio
355.
stick up
1. ponerse de punta el pelo; 2. alzarse un edificio
388.
turf out
poner de patitas en la calle
389.
turn down
1. bajar la radio, la calefacción; 2. rechazar, rehusar una oferta o invitación; 3. doblar
390.
turn on
1. encender la luz o la tv, abrir el agua; 2. volverse en contra, atacar; 3. excitar, gustar
391.
turn out
1. vaciar un armario; 2. resultar
356.
stop off
hacer escala, apearse en
357.
switch on
encender, prender
358.
take after
parecerse a, salir a su padre o su madre
392.
turn round
1. volver; 2. girar, dar vueltas
393.
use up
acabar, gastar
394.
walk away from
alejarse de
395.
walk into
1. chocar contra; 2. caer en una trampa; 3. toparse con una persona
396.
walk out
1. salir; 2. ir a una huelga
397.
waste away
consumirse
398.
watch for
esperar
399.
watch out
1. tener cuidado; 2. estar atento
400.
wear off
1. calmarse, desaparecer el dolor; 2. desgastarse la ropa
401.
weigh up
evaluar, sopesar, valorar
402.
win back
recuperar, reconquistar
403.
wind down
1. bajar, reducir; 2. relajarse
404.
wind up
1. concluir, terminar; 2. tomar el pelo
405.
win over
convencer, conseguir apoyo
406.
wipe out
borrar, aniquilar, exterminar
407.
work out
1. resultar, salir; 2. hacer ejercicio; 3. idear, desarrollar
408.
wrap up
1. conseguir; 2. terminar; 3. envolver un paquete; 4. abrigarse