EEEA REVIEW-ISSUE 1,VOL 4 by EEE ASSOCIATION, SRM University

ISSUE 1

VOL 44

“Learn to accept the un received apologies and

duties”

So annoying when people ask me why do I often laugh?Like it’s okay , I am a happy person,why you bitter. I keep personal and professional life separate and good . Association has been a close part of my journey in college. It’s something that expects effort , hard work, dedication and gives lot of experience,love and memories. I have learned. how to love,feel,forgive and find yourself in the process.

Magazine is a publication that is issued periodically on general interests like technical,business,sports,photography and other social aspects. It’s a platform for showcasing lot of miscellaneous activities for the exchange of ideas and their skills. In this issue we brought out popular activities and also we want to encourage the readers to submit their own articles in our magazine.

SPECIAL THANKS TO-

-SAURAV KUMAF MISHRA RA1711005010063

Serge Monast’s Project Blue Beam Makes Today’s Conspiracy Theories Look Sane There are certain conspiracies that have been planned and executed and these conspiracy theories exist all around the world, but as far as the theories are concerned, Serge Monast’s ‘Project Blue Beam’ among these is something worth reading and which you will surely find interesting. Serge Monast [1945 – December 5, 1996], was an investigative journalist, poet and essayist from Quebec. Sometimes he is also called conspiracy theorist due to his involvement in the publication of alleged proclamation.

The Project Blue Beam (NASA) was published in 1994 in which Monast claimed that NASA is looking to establish a new age religion with the help of the United Nations (UN) which would be headed by an Antichrist in an attempt to begin a New World Order with the help of a unique technologically planned and simulated method of the second coming. Focusing on the line that was mentioned by Monast, “NASA is looking to establish a new age religion”. Can it be believed? As of now there is no proof for this statement. But it is believed that Monast published this alleged proclamation of sorts explaining this untamed and feral theory for his own ease and benefit to establish the new age re3`ligion. He took unnoticed, wild back behind support of NASA to fulfill his own desire. So now he can be called as conspiracy theorist and the conspiracy can be called as Serge Monast’s Blue Beam Project.

Serge Monast's goal was ultimately to ceate a New Age Religion which would be led by the Antichrist in order to start a New World Order dictatorship. New Age Religion was basically a weapon chosen by Monast towards the accomplishment of his plan. There should be universal belief among the people so that their minds can be changed. Without universal belief in a new age religion, success of new world order is almost impossible. That is why Project Blue Beam, was of utmost importance and hidden till now.

Project Blue Beam was a four-step project which was designed by NASA with the help of United Nations. Monast believed that NASA would contrivance Project Blue Beam with a network of advanced mind control as well as top secret technology in order to trick everyone to believe that there would have been a second coming. With the help of this method he wanted to change the minds of the people and establish dictatorship. There are four steps which were involved in this system or say conspiracy.

The first step was basically the establishment or prefabrication of engineered earthquake in strategic locations around the world. This was planned for the breakdown of all archaeological objects which will help people believe that all the fundamental religious doctrines are falsified and they misinterpreted and misunderstood for the ages. And this psychologically prepared process has already been implemented by the movie,2001: A Space Odyssey, it has laid intellectual groundwork by presenting the themes in which mysterious excavated objects upend everything humans know about themselves and their world. This is how Monast planned to change the minds of people.

The second step of this project included a gigantic ‘space show’ where three dimensional optical holograms will be used, the laser light will be made to fall on these three dimensional holograms, the reflected laser light will then projected itself on the sodium layer approximately 60 miles above the earth in the form of beams. What would these projected images and beams be about? It is surprisingly the projection of images of Jesus, Mohammed, Buddha, Krishna etc., which are coalesced into one. And all this was claimed by Monast. The projection of beams would be based on the beliefs and faith of regional people, projecting simultaneous images to the four corners of planet in every language and vernacular according to the region. In this way the entire sky would be converted to one tremendous movie screen. The interaction of God with the soviets (the new world order people) was programmed in a much advanced way, an advanced computer was loaded with small basic physiological and psychological units based on the analysis of anatomical and electromechanical composition of human body as well as the studies of electrical, chemical and biological properties of human brain. All the human languages and cultures will be pre fed to these computers with the help of satellite transmissions. Not only this, some destructive ideas plans ultimately would leak out chaos and confusion in the native and huddled people, and will force them to accept the new world order. In this way Monast planned such a big conspiracy, it was totally based on advanced use of science and technology which is still a difficult task for today’s modern world. This is the why Monast is called as conspiracy theorist.

This is the step where the mind of the people is controlled. It is based on telepathic and electronically augmented two way communication. In this ELF, VLF AND LF waves will be sent to each person which reaches his/her own mind and would help to convince them that their own God is speaking to them, from the deep core of their own soul. But how would these rays reach people’s inner minds? “Such rays would be fed from the computer memory that stores huge data of each and every individual present on the earth. These waves affect the natural thinking of the person and produce diffused artificial thoughts”, Monast explained.

Finally the last step of this project will be the manifestation of supernatural incidents among

Artificial intelligence, also known as machine intelligence is a field of computer science that emphasizes on the creation of a machine. Its working is similar to human intelligence like planning, problem solving and logical reasoning. AI has become an essential part of the technological spectrum. Such machines can often act and react like humans online if they have abundant information pertaining specifically to the respective field. The concept of machine intelligence emerged with various code algorithm and data studies revealing that all the technological devices produced from the first computers to today’s smart phones are developed based on human intelligence. The AI was developed slowly in the yesteryears following important steps revealing the progress being made today. Real life AI examples are human vs computer games Chabot’s, self-driving car Weak AI machine with weak artificial intelligence is made to respond a specific work they cannot think for themselves. A machine with a strong artificial intelligence machine is able to think and act just like a human. Future scopes The future of artificial intelligence is military bots, music business, healthcare, music etc. The most important purpose of A.I. is to reduce human casualties in ➔ Wars ➔ Dangerous Workspaces, Car Accidents, Natural Disasters Or to just make everyday life easier by helping with tasks such as Cleaning, Shopping, Transportation While studying artificial intelligence we should first know the exact meaning of intelligence. So what is intelligence? The ability of a system to calculate, reason, perceive relationships and analogies, learn from experience complex ideas, use natural language fluently, classify, generalize, and adopt new situations. What is intelligence composed of? Reasoning - the act of thinking about something in a logical, sensible way. Learning -knowledge acquired through study, experience, or being taught. The AI program can be dangerous The machine can easily lead to destruction if put in the wrong hands. That is at least a fear for many humans Can cost a lot of money and time to build, rebuild, and repair. Robotic repair can occur to reduce time and humans needing to fix it, but that'll cost more money and resources. They cannot work outside of what they were programmed for.

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-KOTNI SWAROOP KUMAR RA1711005010162

According to widely circulated reports, in June of 1947 — or, according to alternate accounts, February of 1948 — multiple ships traversing the trade routes of the straits of Malacca, which is located between the sun drenched shores of Sumatra and Malaysia, claimed to have picked up a series of SOS distress signals. The unknown ship’s message was as simple as it was disturbing: “All officers including the captain are dead, lying in chartroom and bridge. Possibly whole crew dead.” This communication was followed by a burst of indecipherable Morse code, then a final, grim message: “I die.” This crypticproclamationwas followed by tomb-like silence. The chilling distress call was picked up by two American ships as well as British and Dutch listening posts. The men manning these posts managed to triangulate the source of these broadcasts and deduced that they were likely emanating from a Dutch freighter known as the SS Ourang Medan, which was navigating the straits of Malacca. A conscripted American merchant ship called the Silver Star was closest to the presumed location of the Ourang Medan. Originally christened “Santa Cecilia” by the Grace Line (W. R. Grace & Co.), the vessel had been renamed the Silver Star when the United States Maritime Commission “drafted” it in 1946.

Noting the terrified urgency in the message that came over the airwaves, the Captain and crew of the Silver Star wasted no time in changing their course in an effort to assist the apparently incapacitated ship. Within hours, the Silver Star caught sight of the Ourang Medan rising and falling in the choppy watersofthe Malacca Strait. As the merchant craft neared the ill omened vessel, the crew noticed that there was no sign of life on the deck. The Americans attempted to hail the Dutch crew to no avail. That’s when the Captain of the Silver Star decided to assemble a boarding party. As they left the safe haven of the Silver Star, these unfortunate souls had no idea that they were about to walk into a living nightmare. As soon as they boarded the Ourang Medan, the men swiftly realized that the distress calls were not an exaggeration. The decks of the vessel were littered with the corpses of the Dutch crew; their eyes wide, their arms graspingat unseen assailants, their faces twisted into revolting visages of agony and horror. Even the ship’s dog was dead; it’s once intimidating snarl frozen into a ghastly grimace. The boarding party found the Captain’s remains on the bridge, while his officers’ cadavers were strewn about the wheelhouse and chartroom. The communications officer was still at his post, as

dead as the rest, his fingertips resting on the telegraph. All of the corpses, according to reports, bore the same terrified, wide-eyed expressions as the crew on deck. Below deck, search party members found cadres of corpses in the boiler room, but almost as disturbing as this grim find was the fact that the American crew members claimed to have felt an extreme chill in the nadir of the hold, even though the temperature outside was a scorching 110°F. While the search team could see clear evidence that the crew of the Ourang Medan suffered profoundly at the moment of their deaths, they could find no overt evidence of injury or foul play on the swiftly decaying corpses. Nor could they spy any damage to the ship itself. The Captain of the Silver Star decided that they would tether themselves to the Ourang Medan and tow it back to port, but as soon as the crew attached the tow line to the Dutch ship they noticed ominous billows of smoke pouring up from the lower decks, in specific the Number 4 hold. poisonedthesailorsbeforeeventually engulfingthe ship. As terrifying as the thought of random bursts of methane destroying vessels after killing the crew may be, this explanation seems farfetched as it does not account for the thunderous blast described by the crew of the Silver Star.

storing all that crap. When you’re recording and recalling HD videos 24/7, we’re talking about huge amount of data. Instead, we’ll probably call on DNA storage. DNA is stable and in 2012, a team at Harvard was able to store 700 terabytes of data in a single gram of DNA. Right now it’s incredibly expensive to do, but you know how these things work. A Researcher at University of Southern California is working on chips that in can be implanted in the brains to help from and store long term memories. Ostensibly, it will be able to help fight memory diseases such as Alzheimer’s, but it’s not outside the realm of possibility that it could be used in a way similar to the memory chip, called Grains, in Black Mirror. Scientists are getting closer to conquering memory and mind reading in general, which could be an alternative way for us to get to a world where ‘Redos’ are common place. In mice, scientist have been able to implant false memories, changing the ‘meaning’ of a bad memory, delete memories, and watch memories form, as well.

WARNING:IS IT REAL!! Talking about modern technology and the chaos it creates, the ‘Netflix original’ series “Black Mirror” shows the most unanticipated outcomes of when technology meets social life. It gets as scary as it is disconcerting. The 21st century’s ‘Twilight Zone’ might be creepy but it isn’t farfetched. Yes, a lot of these technologies are somewhat in their infancies, but with each striding day, the show is quickly moving from the realm of sci-fi into the world of everyday existence. Here are some episodeby-episode technological innovations that some companies are about to make real: THE ENTIRE HISTORY OF YOU (S01 E03) This episode is the one that got many into Black Mirror and it is easily the most horrifying among all the episodes of first season. A creepy, up-to-date parable that still tells a tale as old as time. Many of us thought about how cool it would be if we can record everything happening with us. As so it happens, the plot of this story(based in an alternative reality) has people having ‘grains’ set in their neck that record everything people see, or hear and allow them to play back it as they wish to see it. About right, isn’t it? Well talking in terms of reality, it’s not too hard to make a leap from smart phones, or Google Glass, or police body cameras that record and store everything you experience and can later be used to endlessly pore over ‘redos’ or replays of everyday life. In fact, the biggest barrier to turning ‘History of You’ into a reality is probably

WARNING:IS IT REAL!! Talking about modern technology and the chaos it creates, the ‘Netflix original’ series “Black Mirror” shows the most unanticipated outcomes of when technology meets social life. It gets as scary as it is disconcerting. The 21st century’s ‘Twilight Zone’ might be creepy but it isn’t farfetched. Yes, a lot of these technologies are somewhat in their infancies, but with each striding day, the show is quickly moving from the realm of sci-fi into the world of everyday existence. Here are some episode-by-episode technological innovations that some companies are about to make real: THE ENTIRE HISTORY OF YOU (S01 E03) This episode is the one that got many into Black Mirror and it is easily the most horrifying among all the episodes of first season. A creepy, up-to-date parable that still tells a tale as old as time. Many of us thought about how cool it would be if we can record everything happening with us. As so it happens, the plot of this story(based in an alternative reality) has people having ‘grains’ set in their neck that record everything people see, or hear and allow them to play back it as they wish to see it. About right, isn’t it? Well talking in terms of reality, it’s not too hard to make a leap from smart phones, or Google Glass, or police body cameras that record and store everything you experience and can later be used to endlessly pore over ‘redos’ or replays of everyday life. In fact, the biggest barrier to turning ‘History of You’ into a reality is probably storing all that crap. When you’re recording and recalling HD videos 24/7, we’re talking about huge amount of data. Instead, we’ll probably call on DNA storage. DNA is stable

and in 2012, a team at Harvard was able to store 700 terabytes of data in a single gram of DNA. Right now it’s incredibly expensive to do, but you know how these things work. A Researcher at University of Southern California is working on chips that in can be implanted in the brains to help from and store long term memories. Ostensibly, it will be able to help fight memory diseases such as Alzheimer’s, but it’s not outside the realm of possibility that it could be used in a way similar to the memory chip, called Grains, in Black Mirror. Scientists are getting closer to conquering memory and mind reading in general, which could be an alternative way for us to get to a world where ‘Redos’ are common place. In mice, scientist have been able to implant false memories, changing the ‘meaning’ of a bad memory, delete memories, and watch memories form, as well.

BE RIGHT BACK (S02 E01) Black Mirror’s scarcest episode also just happens to have an entire movement (transhumanism) and an entire religion (Terasem) dedicated to making it into a reality. A ‘ghost story’, the plot dwells on the life of Martha, who just lost his boyfriend in a car accident. As she mourns, she discover a technology that allows her to interact with an artificial intelligence imitating his boyfriend, which she reluctantly does. Too dark? Here’sthe real drill, one company, in fact, already offered the exact type of service purchased for Martha—a digital replacement for her dead boyfriend— in the show. Intellitar, which allowed you to create a digital clone of yourself for ‘legacy creation and preservation’ was a colossal failure—the company is now defunct—but,well, it’s a thing

According to some studies, Earth only has 1.75 billion years until which it can host living beings, after which, the earth will no longer be safe to sustain life. However, recent studies show that in about only 50-100 years, the ever-growing population surge will exhaust the planet’s natural resources. This would force us to explore new planets to sustain ourselves and thus exponentially increase the energy demand. The basic idea of Dyson sphere is to completely cover a star with energy harvesting plates, like solar cells to harness the radiation energy of the star to useful energy. If we consider our own solar system then such a mega structure does not fit well. An ideal Dyson Sphere must have a diameter equal to the distance from Earth to the Sun. However, it is currently impossible with the amount of natural resources available; we cannot cope with the gigantic size. No human can finish this in one lifetime. Thus, some alternate designs have been proposed to counter this.\Also, we don’t have that technological advancement to pull off such an enormous cosmological feat.

-RAJIV B ADAK RA1711005010150

Thus, for the same purpose, a popular hypothetical scale known as Kardashev scale has been proposed representing different types of Dyson spheres and their energy-harvesting ability corresponding to levels of technological advancement in those civilizations. Designing a feasible structure of a Dyson sphere As we have seen, having an exact hypothetical structure of a Dyson Sphere is beyond the bounds of possibility. However, certain theories have suggested that through the use of automatic robot-making machines along with the required raw materials, a ring-like or a shell-like structure can surely be made. Some of its variants are as shown below: 1.DYSON SWARM

A Dyson sphere is a neo-inevitable path that advance civilizations will pursue. It is a hypothetical mega structure that completely encompasses or covers a star and captures its radiating energy to the highest degree when compared to the fraction of energy received by earth from the sun. It is a science fictional concept designed keeping in mind about the future civilizations whose energy demands may be a million or billion times more than that of today. As it is, only a fraction of a sun’s energy emissions reach the Earth’s surface (about one-billionth of sun’s total energy output). Moreover considering the efficiency of solar panels available, being 11-20%, from incoming solar radiation, we need to come up with some solution to harvest a massive amount of energy. Thus, building structures encircling or encompassing a star doesn’t seem to be a bad idea. It can surely help sustain and flourish the oncoming civilizations. The basic origin of the concept comes from the sci-fi novel ‘STAR MAKER’ written by Olaf Stapledon in 1937 where he described how the advanced civilizations in the galaxies harvested their energy demands from ‘Gauze of Light Traps’ around different solar systems in every galaxy, and putting that energy to good use. Later, in about 1960, a scientist named Freeman Dyson popularized this concept as the Dyson sphere, which hypothetically, searches for Artificial Astronomical Sources of Infrared Radiation

This is the variant closest to the original concept of a Dyson sphere. In this formation, there are a large number of independent constructions that in a dense group revolve around the star. These structures can either act as a solar generator as well as a habitat. Also there’ll be no need to build it all in one go, the construction can proceed in an incremental way. Disadvantages include the problems arising due to nature of the complex orbital mechanics that would make the arrangement of the orbits of the swarm extremely complex. The simplest such arrangement is the Dyson ring, in which all such structures share the same orbit. Morecomplex patterns with more rings would intercept more of the star's output but would result in some constructs overlapping others periodically when their orbits overlap. Another potential problem is that the increasing loss of orbital stability when adding more structures increases the probability of orbital anomalies.

.2.DYSON BUBBLE A Dyson bubble is an arrangement of Satellites around a star, in a non-orbital pattern. This is a relatively simple arrangement when compared to a Dyson Ring, which also has an infinite number of possible configurations and arrangements. These collectors also called as statites are about as the same size as the collectors in a Dyson Swarm, and arranged at a uniform 1 AU distance from the star. These statites are satellites suspended by use of enormous Light sails using a radiation sphere to counteract the star's pull of gravity. Such structures would not be in danger of collision or of eclipsing one another instead they would be totally stationary with respect to the star, and independent of any other statite. This occurs due to the phenomena of the ratio of radiation pressure to the force of gravity from a star which remains constant regardless of the distance between them provided the statite has an unobstructed line-of-sight to the surface of its star .

3.DYSON SHELL This variant of the Dyson sphere is the most often depicted in fiction and popularly known as the "Dyson shell". It is a uniform solid shell of matter around the star. Such a structure would completely encompass the emissions of the central star and would intercept 100% of the star's energy output. Such a structure would also provide an enormous surface that many envision could be used for habitation if the surface could be made habitable. A spherical shell Dyson sphere in the Solar System has a radius of one astronomical unit, so that the interior surface would receive the same amount of sunlight as Earth does per unit, would have a surface area of approximately 2.8×10^17 sq.km(1.1×10^17 sq.mi), or about 550 million times the surface area of Earth. This would intercept the full 384.6 yottawatts (3.846 × 10^26 watts) of the Sun's output. This is approximately 33 trillion times the power consumption of humanity in 1998, which was 12 terawatts. There are several serious theoretical difficulties with the solid shell variant of the Dyson sphere: Such a shell would have no net gravitational interaction with its surfaced Star and could drift away with respect to the central star. If such movements went uncorrected, they would eventually result in a collision between the sphere and the star. 4.DYSON NET Another possible arrangement is the "Dyson net", a web of cables strung about the star that could have power or heat collection units attached through cables. The Dyson net reduces to a special case of Dyson shell or bubble, however, depending on how the cables are supported against the sun's gravity. POSTULATED SIGHTINGS On 14 October 2015, a strange pattern of light from star KIC 8462852, nicknamed "Tabby's Star", was captured by the Kepler Space Telescope, which raised speculation that a Dyson sphere may have been discovered. In February 2016, Boyajian gave a TED talk where she explained the story of how her research on the star quickly took a turn into the mysterious. However, she was skeptical and in the talk, she reminded everyone that skepticism is the best policy whenever delving into alien territory. Her exact quote is as follows: "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence, and it is my job, my responsibility, as an astronomer to remind people that alien hypotheses should always be a last resort."

-DEPANJAN MAITI RA1711005010125

Have you ever wondered that you can make your tech usage and experience more advanced? Didn’t get that, not to worry as here are some hacks that can enhance your tech usage. So let’s begin#1. Do you know you can check how much charge your battery has. Didn’t get that; just drop the battery from a few inches above ground. A fully charged battery bounces back from the ground. Isn’t it good, now you can check the status of your battery before buying. #2. Sometimes you face some problem while controlling your remote. Don’t worry; take your phone’s camera and point it in front of your remote. If it shows a violet light, then your remote is working fine. The intensity of the light shows how much charge do your remote has, #3. Suppose you find a lost IPhone or IPad and you don’t know whom it belongs to. You can apply a simple trick. Almost every iPhone user enables Siri in their phone, you can ask Siri ‘Who do you belong to? Siri will display the owner’s information. #4. Most of the smartphone users faces the problem of quick draining of battery. As most of the people spend their time with their phones. Keeping this in mind now fast chargers are available but there are some users who don’t have fast chargers.. You can increase your charging speed by simply turning on ‘Airplane mode’ as this will boost your charging.

#5. Want to have 5x zoom in your smartphone camera? There’s one trick. Just drop a single drop of water on your camera lens and experience the feeling of DSLR camera. #6. For a faster experiencr of your smartphone. You can use one hidden feature of Android, that is ‘Developer Options’ through which if you scroll down, you get to see the Drawing section where you can set the Window, Transition and Animator Duration Scale to 0.5x to increase your Android performance. This makes your smartphone snappy with faster animation. #7. Sometimes your phone hangs due to some unknown third party applications. In that case you can run your phone in safe mode to know what the problem is. For this simply hold the power button. A message comes whether you want to restart or power off. Hold the power off option for some seconds and your phone will automatically boot up to safe mode. For returning from safe mode again repeat the same step and your phone will come back to its original state. #8. Sometimes you want to keep your personal information secured from other nosey people. You can do this by turning ‘Screen Pinning ‘option ON from Settings menu to keep your information secured. #9. There’s one excellent tech hack which you can do with your smartphone. You can use your smartphone flashlight as a night lamp by keeping it at the back of a glass full of water and you can enjoy the feeling of an excellent light lamp at night.

-WASEAH ANJUM RA1711005010062

Discoveries about Mars have, time and again, baffled scientists and astronomers. Every discovery and finding presents something astonishing. Over several decades, the topography and atmosphere of Mars have been studied using telescopes and the curiosity rover. However, there is one mind-breaking finding about Mars on Earth itself. Boriska Kipriyanovich is a Russian boy who claims to have come from Mars. He claims to be an interstellar pilot in his previous life on Mars. Although this might seem like a cry for attention, his knowledge on space and extraterrestrial objects have stunned scientists across the globe. Boriska was a normal child born in 1996, who turned out to be a prodigy. He could speak simple words at a tender age of 4 months and at 8 months, he could speak complete sentences. By the time he turned a year old, he could read newspapers. His rapid growth stunned his teachers and doctors, including his mother, who was a paediatrician herself. Boriska used to discuss things with his parents, which they claim to have never taught him. He would often talk about alien civilisations and extraterrestrial objects. His mother-Nadezhda Kipriyanovich, at first was worried that her child is out of his mind. Things took a bewildering turn when she decided to crosscheck his claims. To her surprise, every detail the boy gave was completely accurate. The boy became famous and attracted the attention of many Russian scientist. While researchers

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around the world are struggling to find the details about Mars, Boriska seems to know a lot in this regard. In an interview, he talked about the Martian civilisation with incredible detail. He said he was a Martian when Earth had only one continent and Lemuria existed. He said the Martians stop aging after 35 years as they breathe carbon dioxide; humans age because they breathe oxygen. He talked about his time on mars and how he watched the Martian civilisation destroy the atmosphere by nuclear warfare when he was 15 years old. He said the Martians who survived now live under the outer crust of the planet. He claimed that Martians have contacts with several galaxies and are capable of interstellar travel with the help of their advanced technology. Dr. John Brandenburg, a plasma physicist, concluded from his studies that what Boriska said about the nuclear catastrophe on Mars is perhaps true. Also, the availability of liquid water in the planetâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s crust has paves way for the possibility of underground life. So is it true, whatever Boriska claims? Well, scientists are yet to find any proof to negate his statements. However, the lacks of proof in support of his statements constraints us from making any conclusions. Perhaps, these statements will have a big question mark at their end until we send someone from our side to check.

-PRAKHAR PANDEY RA1711005010186

-ABHRANEEL ROY RA1711005010088 In the awakening generation of Sports and their applications we have come across a lot of upgradation. The most stunning in it would be the introduction of VAR in Football. For people who don’t know about VAR; VAR or video assisting referee is a form of refereeing which is equivalent to 3 Umpire in cricket or Video review in badminton. The best part about VAR is that it is the first time it is being applied after it came into concept around 3 to 4 years back. For people who love the game of football it is of great pleasure to watch the usage of VAR. This is how it is applied. rd

It is called by the referee if he or she has any doubt with the decision that he or she makes.

The decision can only be referred to by the referee to the VAR team.

No player or coach from the playing team can ask for a VAR during the game as it is counted as an offence to act so.

The VAR team is present in a different place in the stadium with another specialized VAR official monitering the call.

The decision made by the VAR team is final and cannot be changed once it has been applied.

The referee has a place in the ground where he can watch the video of the actual incident and thus van make his decision.

The application is supposed to benefit all the officials and players of the game.

The basic application of the use of VAR is the use of technology in football which was a fully manual operational game. Another aspect of the game which has come into forecast is the GOAL LINE TECHNOLOGY. After many decades of wrong decisions by referees the panel of the referee decided to introduce the GOAL LINE TECHNOOGY. As a part of that technology it was highlighted that no team would be disallowed a goal as a lot of criticism was made after Stephen Gerrard’s goal was disallowed in WORLD CUP 2010 which cost ENGLAND their place and they went out of the competition. The GOAL LINE TECHNOLOGY is a monitering system where it is connected by sensors. The work of the sensor is to give a decision as a goal if the ball completely crosses the goal line or not. The referee has a watch which shows the response if the ball has crossed the goal line or not. In case it crosses it will flash GOAL. The technology has several cameras fitted across the stadium which keeps an eye on the goal line. Thus the technology is of great importance as Goals are the most important part of a football game. It is very good to realize that a sport like football is progressing using technology. The most popular sport in the world which is probably the easiest and simple is now becoming more interesting and competitive. Technological advancement is one of the key features in every aspect of the sport. The more we advance we become……THE HARDER IT GETS.

-DEEPAK KUMAR CHOUDHURY RA1711005010247

Technology helps the players to improve themselves as it helps them focus on the areas where they need to improve. It also helps the skippers in devising tactics. Technology has made life easier for the umpires to make an accurate decision. Let's take a look at the technological advancements in the beautiful game we admire . TV UMPIRE : Before 1992, all the decisions pertaining to what was happening on the field was decided by the two on-field umpires. The Third Umpire, also known as the TV Umpire came into play in the first Test between India and South Africa in November 1992. The TV Umpire has television replays to make his decision and comes into play when the on-field umpires require his help.Previously, it used to be lights, like the ones in the traffic signals, used to decide the fate of the batsman, with red signalling the end of the batsman's innings, whereas the green light signalling the batsman has survived the appeal. Third Umpires since then have been used whenever the on-field umpires have any doubts regarding any appeals. Though one can't term this as a technological advancement, TV Umpires have certainly changed the game.

SPEED GUN : During the Joel Garner era, there was no precise equipment to calculate the pace of the bowlers. It was only in 1999 when Cricket got introduced to the concept of Speed Gun which accurately measured the speed of the ball from one end of the pitch to the other. The device relays a beam from the radar head to detect movement across the pitch. STUMP MIC AND CAMERA : Attached to the stumps, the mic and camera gave the viewers an on-field experience, on how it feels to be in the centre of the stadium. It is vertically aligned in the hollow middle stump through a small window on the side of the stump via a mirror. The mic is used to receive the sound waves and helps the umpire whilst taking decisions when the batsman nicks the ball. EDGE DETECTION : Often called snickometer, and in its modern form as ultra edge, this technology is used to tell whether the ball has touched the bat en route to the fielder. Invented in the mid-90s, Snicko produce a disturbance in the graph when the leather of the ball touches the bat or any other part of the batsman. The shape of the frequency helps the third umpire in making a conclusive decision.

EDM EDM or Electronic Dance Music as the name suggests is a type of song generally produced for playback by disco jockeys (DJs) who create mixes by seguing of two or more songs. EDM concerts have lightings coordinated with the beats and have powerf ul speakers which provides the perfect environment for a party. A usual structure is followed in popular EDM songs : Intro- Uplift -Drop - Breakdown - Uplift -Drop – Outro Intro The introduction of the melody, it is used by DJs to mix tracks. The song which includes Intro and Outro is called Extended Mix. The song which starts from lyrics or main part usually played in radio is called Radio Edit. Uplift or Progression This is the part before the drop. It builds the tension and excitement for the drop. It usually has a progression in beats and a rise in cutoff frequency. Drop This is the most catchy part of the song. It usually consists of the main tune with pads and fast beat progressions. Breakdown This is a melodious part after the drop usually without percussions which emphasises on the melody. This sometimes leads to the uplift and second drop. A few years ago, EDM was not that popular and EDM artists were just popular for mixing tracks or making remixes of songs made by other people But at the time of the rise of EDM, artists started gaining popularity for their own EDM based music tracks. Artists such as David Guetta, Martin Garrix, Avicii, Deadmau5, Hardwellgained a hugefan base. Some of them released their own album which went viral on the

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billboard charts. Nowadays, they produce popular pop songs with a touch of their own EDM music Billboard introduced an award in 2011 as Top Dance Song then changed it to Top EDM song on 2013 and then changed it to Top Dance/Electronic Song on 2014. Generally EDM songs have a bpm(beats per minute) of 128. As a similar bpm is used in EDM music it is easier to mix them for DJs and a smooth transition is obtained when mixing while retaining the originality of both the songs. Tomorrowland Tomorrowland is an EDM Festival held in Boom, Belgium. Tomorrowland was first held in 2005, and has since become one of the world's largest and most notable music festivals. It now stretches over 2 weekends and usually sells out in minutes. All the top DJs and EDM producers perform in this festival. It has won Best Music Event 5 times from the International Dance Music Awards. An overwhelming number of people attend this event. 4,00,000 people attended Tomorrowland on 2018 and 63 Artists were the Headliners of the event. After the huge popularity of Tomorrowland, various spin-off of Tomorrowland were announced in different parts of the world. Like TomorrowWorld, an American version of Tomorrowland was announced in 2013. EDM music is made using softwares like FL studio, Ableton live, Logic pro etc. These softwares have a variety of plugins for different kinds of sounds and filters for tweaking the frequencies of the sounds. Popular Artists who use these softwares are FL Studio – Avicii, Martin Garrix, Alan Walker. Ableton Live – Skrillex, Diplo, Deadmau5 Logic Pro – Hardwell, David Guetta, Calvin Harris

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