BTS, Esther Lu

Boredom – Definition, Meaning and Synonyms / vocabulary.com www.vocabulary.com>dictionary>boredom Accessed 05 November 2022 Etymology, Origin and Meaning of Bore by Etymonline www.etymonline.com>word>bore Accessed 05 November 2022 Phillips, Adam. On Kissing, Tickling and Being Bored. Harvard University Press, 1993. “Why Boredom is Good for Your Child.” The School Run. www.theschoolrun.com>whyboredom-good-your-child Accessed 05 November 2022

BTS

Esther Lu

Link to Video: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1CDG2i5xRprq4wxKPqOCSM2ZHGlXS5kzz/view?usp=share_li nk

The Bystander Effect

Hodan Mohamud

The Bystander Effect is a theory that diffuses responsibility and prevents individuals from helping a victim when a crime is taking place in front of them. This term helps define the psychological phenomenon that prevents a person from helping another in need due to believing that someone else will come to their aid. It has been proven by multiple studies that the more people there are present in an area the less likely that someone will step forward and offer their assistance (Mercade 2021). This is because they believe that someone else will take on the

responsibility and help mitigate the situation. Another aspect of the bystander effect is dependent on where this crime might be taking place. For example, if a person is being verbally attacked on the subway most people will not get involved because they do not want the attention to be diverted towards them. We see that in most cases, bystanders often look around to see how others are reacting to the situation and hope that someone else will step in. As per the Britannica definition the “bystander effect, [is] the inhibiting influence of the presence of others on a person’s willingness to help someone in need” (2019). This keyword is important to the study of adolescence and health because it impacts how young people empathize with the people around them and stops them from intervening when they see an act of violence taking place or someone in need of help. The history of this term can be dated back to the late 1960s when researchers Bibb Lantane and John Darley popularized the term after studying the inaction of thirty-eight people who witnessed the murder of Kitty Genovese and did not intercede to help or call the authorities. Although the reports were later

deemed to be inaccurate the term has become a springboard for discussion to take place. This term enables us to better understand the experience of young people by analyzing the impact it has on their daily lives. Bullying in all its forms is one of the most used examples when this term is being taught to students. Understanding that not helping another person in need can prove to be detrimental emotionally, physically, and mentally for the victim who is undergoing the mistreatment. The bystander themselves might feel shame and guilt for not helping in the situation either because they believed a response was not warranted at the time. By analyzing this term, we see how victims are made to feel isolated and invalidated by what they are going through because nobody is intervening or helping them get out of the situation they find themselves in. In Mercade’s journal article, he states that “bystanders perceive helping as a public good [...] most bystanders help immediately when they are the only ones who can help. However, as soon as other bystanders can also help, bystanders both help later and are less likely to help” (2021). Understanding the complexity of this term highlights not only the experience adolescents feel but how their health and well-being are affected as well. Work Cited

Blagg, Robert D.. "bystander effect". Encyclopedia Britannica, 7 Jan. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/topic/bystander-effect. Accessed 4 November 2022.

Campos-Mercade, Pol. “The Volunteer’s Dilemma Explains the Bystander Effect.” Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, vol. 186, 2021, pp. 646–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2020.11.012.

Riedel-Johnson, | B. J. (2021, February 17). Bystander effect & intervention for youth. YWCA Spokane. Retrieved November 6, 2022, from https://ywcaspokane.org/youth-bystandereffect-intervention/