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Index Association for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, 310 Association of International Auto Manufacturers Inc., 15 associations, 58, 277–287 ATTI (Advanced Transportation Technology Institute), 309 Australian World Solar Challenge, 61 automatic transmissions, 118 automobile companies, 1, 2, 16, 23, 40. See also specific companies automobile junkyards, 128, 131 automobile manuals, 130, 236, 303 automobiles. See also cars; EVs; vehicles aerodynamic designs, 104, 108 compact, 47 as conversions, 81–84, 86, 87 growth in registrations after WWII, 43–44 steam, 33, 34 automotive emissions. See emissions auxiliary relays, 221, 222 AVCON chargers, xvii, xviii, 302 Avcon Corporation, 302 Aveox Inc., 298 AVP (Advanced Vehicle Program), 307–308 Azure Dynamics, 299
B balance, 102–103, 149 Baldor Electric Co., 299 Bancroft, Ken, 292 Barney Oldfield racer, 39 Batson, Bob, 297 batteries, 177–205 30 percent rule, 103–104 accessory, 254, 263 active materials, 178–180 ampere-hours, 209 auxiliary, 225–226 basic electrical definitions, 183–184 best options for, 195–205 capacity, 184–186, 209 care of, 275 case, 192 cell connectors/links, 192
cell voltage, 209 charging. See battery charging chemical reaction, 181–182 connections, 194–195 considerations, 88 construction, 191–193 core deposit, 193 corrosion, 194 costs, 3–5, 193 current, 183 cycle-life test, 208–209 deep-cycle, 189, 191, 196–197, 199, 212, 213 degradation, 205 distilled water use, 194–195 distribution, 193 efficiency, 184 electrical power, 184 electrolytes. See electrolytes elements of, 178–183 energy density, 196 equalizing, 182–183 external properties, 183–189 filler openings, 192–193 gassing, 182, 189, 211 industrial, 189, 191, 197 installing, 194, 260–262 kill switch, 220, 250 lead-acid. See lead-acid batteries lithium iron disulfide, 205 lithium polymer, 203 lithium-ion, 9, 15, 64, 205 losses, 184 maintenance, 9, 194–195 measurement, 194, 195 mounting, 244–245 nickel, 15, 190, 201–203 nickel-cadmium, 201–203 nickel-iron, 190 nonrechargeable, 9 number of, 88 overview, 9, 177–178 pickup trucks, 87, 88 power density, 195–196 quick disconnect caps, 275 range, 274