an open source community BERLIN GERMANY
ePlayground an open source community
Yin Yu June 2013
S H AR ING C REATIN G MAKIN G P U BL IC LIF E
CONTENT
ePlayground
the intension of open source community
Hacking Culture & Maker Movement
problem statement - open source
e-Waste
problem statement - the environment
Eisfabrik
Problem statement - historical preservation
The Program
detail program of e-Playground
The Users. the Space and the Activies
program analysis
Code Matter
Building Code Analysis
Interview
Dario Jacopo Lagana & Ronen Kadushin
Survey
open source community survey
Eisfabrik - Berlin Ice Factory the building site
Design Process
sketching, modeling, exploring
Concept Design
the open-source design
Bibliography resource
PREFACE
“ T he f u t ure o f innova t ion i s no lon g er in the ha nd s o f the s c ien t i s t , a r t i s t o r d e s i g n e r wo rk in g a lon e in l a b, lo ft o r s t u d io.... I t i s a c rea t i ve, col le ct ive, h um a n i s t e n te r pr i s e � - L uc a s D ie t r ich (60: In novators S h a pi n g O u r C re at i ve F u t u re )
ABSTRACT
In the software world, open source refers to
a program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design. The invention of Arduino in 2005 (a microcontroller) accelerated the speed of this open source movement which expanded from software to hardware. In the recent years, the open source culture has influenced the music industry, education system, health care methods, economic patterns, and even the architecture and design world. At the 2012 Istanbul Design Biennial, the Open Source Architecture Manifesto was created on the exhibition wall by Carlo Ratti through an Arduino and a Wikipedia page. Open source architecture has the potential to revolutionize every step of the traditional building process, from funding to engagement, from standards to construction. I apply this concept of open source into the design of my interior architecture thesis project: e-Playground.
PROPOSAL
e-Playground, an open source community, is
a technology open playground for people where they can make things they need, children can create the toys they want, and local artists can do creatively collaborative works, and so on. It is a new physical social place for education and socialization, as well as interaction and invention. e-Playground’s mission is to develop, support, and provide the infrastructure that encourages digital creativity and innovation, and sharing knowledge and skill in a physical environment. The user group could be divided into five types: general public, member, artist, developer, and manager. The general public are free to come in and explore the shops/exhibition, attend lectures, workshops, or events. Members can use the equipment to create their projects. Artists can rent a space for a long period of time for their projects, exhibiting their works, installing interaction project at e-Playground. Professionals who are passionate and experienced with the open source hardware/software could develop complex projects, provide technical service for outside projects, maintenance the equipment, and offer technical support at e-Playground. Managers will organize events/lectures, public relationship, funding treasure, and make sure e-Playground runs properly.
The project is located in an abandoned ice
factory (built in 1894) on the river bank of Spree in the urban center of Berlin (GE). I chose this exciting Berlin site to explore three ideas: new technology, environment, and culture. First, technology brought us into the industrial revolution in the 19th century, and thus made the possibility of mass-production. In the new digital era, the innovative technology, like the 3D printer, open source software, and crowd-funding platform, can be the future solution for the current global economic recession. People will consume based on their needs by making the personalized product through the new technologies. The local design-build-consume social patterns will emerge at the e-Playground. Second, e-Playground will provide a platform for crowd-sourcing which means the material from building renovation to the future occupant’s usage will be local recycling of the material. Crowdsourcing method will be used in both the design and after-design processes which will address the environmental issue. In addition, the evolution of cooling technology, a part of the history of the ice factory, reflects the global warming issue. By reusing this old industrial building as a storyteller, e-Playground could educate people about how to act, recycle, and
PROPOSAL produce local sustainability. Third, Berlin had a hightech culture for a long time. The world’s first hacker space, c-Base, was established in 1995. According to the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science, in Oct. 22, 2003, Berlin declared on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities which is the pioneer city on open source culture movement. The central district of Berlin, Mitte, is undergoing one of the largest urban developments in the city - called Mediaspree. Mediaspree aims to establish telecommunication and media companies along a section of the banks of the river Spree. Then, e-Playground, a physical technology social place, will support the future development of the neighborhood and the city. It will carry the technology culture within the building to produce new social patterns.
Open source as a design concept is not new.
Open source, as a cultural movement, inspires people with different perspectives about collaborating and sharing. This project unites my background in electronic engineering with my eventual roles as an interior architect. I believe we should include rethinking interior space with regard to the new
technology trends and the merging social changes coming from the problems with the environment, economy, and society. This thesis project will offer a comprehensive, influential, and experimental design project that can open new possibilities for interior architecture and design.
“We need t o t hi n k wi t h o u t bo dy - to im a g in e the bo dy a s b r ain, w he r e o ur a c t i o n s , exp erien c es a n d kn o w ledg e a l l r el y on o ur p hy s i c a l e ng a g em en t.� - Ola f u r E lia sso n
PROBLEM STATEMENT “It’s more than a technological revolution; it’s a culture revolution” -Joseph Grima
Chief Editor of Domus Dezeen| Istanbul Design Biennial 2012
Culture
Open-source movement is not only a
software/technology revolution, but a cultural revolution. e-Playground will be a physical platform for this culture movement to challenge in our current society and system. It will promote a new lifestyle in the city which is people can create their own products through the new technology such as a 3D printer instead of shopping and consuming the products that manufactured by the big companies. How to design a space that can carry the culture as messages into the interior space? I investigated how the interior architect may respond this cultural movement, and how we design an interior space to adapt this new trend.
Whole System Thinking
e-Playground open source community
Consciousness Open Spirituality. Integrates open, participatory, commons.
Movements Open Coalition. Emerging non-partisan grassroots concept. Open Materials. Enable DIY production
Practices Open Knowledge and Science. Open and free software. Open Design. Howtopedia, Instructable. Open Currencies or Money. Bitcoin Open Funding.Crowd-sourcing, social lending. Open Capital. B2B sharing. Open Hardware.Arduino. Enablers Open-Access Publishing. Unrestricted public access. Open Code. Excludes controlling or restrictive functions. Oepn Communication. Open access to communications net. Open Data. Allows data to be integrated and exploited by all. Open data Protocol. Web protocal for querying and updating. Open Definition. Reuse/redistribute without technical limits. Open Facilitation. Open-Space Technology. Open Governance. Panarchy, sociocracy, holacracy.
Consciousness Movements Products Domains Practices infrastructure Enablers Aspects
THE OPEN-SOURCE PYRAMIND
Aspects: Open Access. Generally legal right to view, read, transit. Participation. Generally open right to contribute or utilize. Transparency. Gerneral visibility of detail to any who wish access. Shareability/ Forkability. Peer porperty, sharing economy.
* The Open Source Pyramind - Steele, Robert David (The Open-Source Everything Manifesto. )
Products Open Courseware. Freely avaiable online. Open Government Data. Funded by taxpayer, open to public. Open Journals. Free public access to archives. Open Textbooks. Open Tools. Mix and Match, modular, affordable.
Domains Open Education. Open Science. Bios, Biobrick. Open Government and Open Politics. Sunlight Foundation. Open Business. Integration of buyers and supplier. Open Skies. National agreements to enable transparency. Open Spirituality. Reiki, Yoga.
infrastructure (physical) Open-Source Food. Transparency of the food-supply chain. Open-Source Agriculture. Open DNA and biotechnology. Open Global Village Construction Set. Actual generic tools. Open Cloud. Open standards, ease of mix and match.
Open-Collaboration Plateform. Open-Collaboration Spaces.
Open-Data Grid. Project underway to enhance data storage. Open Funding. Crowd-sourcing, social lending. Open Manufacturing. Open Software creating the physical world. Open Media. Video, Audio, and text that can be shared freely. Open Meeting. Organizational meeting open to the public. Open Mobile. Standars and unlocked devices. Open Territories. Regions committed to the open meme. Open Spectrum. Unlicensed spectrum shared by all.
PROBLEM STATEMENT “We are not just in the world, we are of the world.�
-Olafur Eliasson
Environment How can we manage e-waste & discarded electronics to safeguard human health and protect our environment? How to Raising Community Awareness regarding e-waste? How to Collect and Category the recycle electronics?
e-Playground acknowledges green concerns by reconnecting consumers to the labor involved in producing what people use. Reduce, recycle and reuse will apply into the e-playground from philosophy to the design. In this project, ePlayground bring up the sense of our environment.
Historical Preservation The condition of the building had been facing destroyed. The Mitte district change is inevitable (Mediaspree urban development), thus the concept of renovation is important. How to use this site to satisfy the future need as well as preserve the histrocial ice factory? Currently TLG, the real estate developer, owns the property and have developed the plan for the surroundings, which including the demolition of the cool houses to build a new office commercial building, and re-construct the factory housing for new resident housing. ePlayground reuses this building with culture and historical consideration as well as continue the local street art culture. Design a space that will promote a new social life, meanwhile, preserver the historic landmark.
“A sophisticated program could learn and optimise mechanical conerns; like levels of strees, degrees of stability, a minimum enclosure for a given number of walls, specified floor area within a certain volume, etc.“ Cecil Balmond, (Informal)
PROGRAM
PUBLIC SPACE
MEMBER SPACE
STAFF SPACE
EXHIBITION HALL
FABLAB
INFORMATION
3D PRINTING SHOP
OPEN WORK SPACE
ADMINISTRATION OFFICE
E-WASTE RECYCLE CENTER
E-LAB
CONFERENCE
RECEPTION WORKSHOP LECTURE HALL SHOW ROOM CHILDREN WORKSHOP SOCIAL SPACE CAFE
GRAFFITI LAB MUSIC LAB FILM LAB GAME LAB SOCIAL SPACE
SHORT PROGRAM
“A new society needs a new framework.” -Patrik Schumacher (The Autopoiesis of Architecture, 2010)
EXHIBITION HALL Location 1th and 2nd level Floor Area 3,000 sf
Occupant: General Public, Staff, and Member Activities: General Public will come here visiting the gallery, exhibition, and participate public events. Events like fashion show, digital media event, electrical music or movie show will also be holed at the main exhibition hall. Member can install their design at here to interact with public as well. Artists are welcome to exhibit their works at here. Staff will manage the usage of the space, schedule the events, coordinate with local artists and developers. An interactive, fun, technology exhibition space that dedicated by local artists and developers will happen at e-Playground. Duration: Visitor will be here from 1-5 hrs. Familiarity: A similar place called Platoon in Berlin, is an art and entertainment space. Adjacencies: This space is closed to the entrance, cafe, courtyard, restroom, and reception. Design Qualities: Since this space needs to support different types of events, the design should be flexible.
The exhibition hall is the key space for e-Playground, branding strategies are important. The exhibition hall will be an adaptive, changeable, flexible, and casual urban social/communication center. FF&E: The furniture is part of the main exhibition system. Views: Have view of the historical ice factory, the Old Ice Compressor will be part of the exhibition hall to keep the history in the future. Safety and Security: The space is design for 100 visitors. However, during the city event, there might have more than hundred visitors. The safety of the space will be the high priority design criteria Level of Finish: New floor system to support the flexible space design system. The floor should be easy to clean. Special Needs: Leave the original wall, but need to clean up the damage.
DETAIL PROGRAM 3D PRINTING SHOP Location 1th level Floor Area 1,800 sf
Occupant: General Public, Staff, and Member Activities: General Public will come here to print objects by using the 3D printers in the shop. For small objects, like Toys or cups, they can select the color and shape. They also will chose the material, either in the shop or bring them own. For shoes or cloth, user can use the 3D scanner to get their body size, and then print the product they like. Staffs will assistant general. Duration: For public, around 1-2 hr. 1-2 staffs will be here dependent the rush hour, and will be here 3-4 hr one shift. Familiarity: No, not for the first time 3D printing customer. Adjacencies: This space is closed to the e-Waste recycle center, exhibition hall, and café. Design Qualities: The space should provide printing service for family and group visitors, as well as for holiday’s situation which general public may want to print for family/friend as a holiday gift. The space should be able to represent as an iconic characteristic that represents the future urban economic patterns. High-tech production will merge into people’s daily life. The space should balance technology and nature
world well for general public. FF&E: Tables and chairs should be fixed, but could adjust easily by staffs. The furniture should provide multi-functions; display table could be seated if staffs need to change the configurations. A friendly printing shop equipped with confortable furniture system for either individual or a group of family or friend. 10-12 3D printers, and one 3D scanner will be set in this space. Views: Have visibilities of exhibition hall and e-Waste recycling. A view of outdoor café will be provided. Safety and Security: The circulation should be design as security to make sure people pay their printing before they leave the place. Should have signage shows that children under 5 years old need to have parents accompany. Acoustics: Since it is an open printing space, the acoustic is not very critical. However, above the printers, there might provide sensor installation whereas the device hanging on the ceiling and provide certain acoustic effect. Level of Finish: Durable furniture and easy to clean.
E-WASTE Location 1th Floor Floor Area 900 sf
Occupant: General Public, Staff, and Member Description of Activities: General Public will come here drop their e-Waste (old cell phones and computers) through the outside e-Waste drop off cube. The main machine like vending machine, pre-programmed and will disassembly the e-waste to the parts for recycling and/or reuse either in 3D printing shop or membership labs. Visitor will visual see how their old phone/computer disassembled and transported to recycle and reuse. Adjacencies: 3D Printing shop, outdoor drop off, and exhibition hall. Design Qualities: The e-Waste recycle center will provide an interactive and self-service e-waste recycle system. The
drop off point should design easy to use and in a simply way. A transparent disassemble process will provide to the general public a visualization of e-waste recycle. FF&E: Fixed disassemble machine Safety and Security: The main machine should be design visually appealing and safe. Level of Finish: The drop off is outside of the building with a transit system connect to the pre-programmed disassemble machine. The equipment should design by engineer to meet the industry standards and quality. The finish need to consult the professions.
DETAIL PROGRAM CAFE
Location 1th level Floor Area 1,000 sf
Occupant: General Public, Staff, and Member Description of Activities: The café will serve general public, mainly lunch items, but also will provide drunks during the special evening events. The outdoor café only has seating. Except summer events, like German beer festival, the café will have sub-service outside. The café furniture system is customized design by members that will imply visitors that the e-Playground is the open source technology playground. Duration: Visitor will be here from 0.5~1 hr. Adjacencies: This space is closed to the restroom, and exhibition. Design Qualities: Artificial lighting
design will be important since the location of the café don’t have good natural light. FF&E: Visitors will use the furniture produced by digital tools from the membership labs. A new user experience of open source will apply into the café through the furniture design. Views: Has view of the exhibition hall. Safety and Security: Additional exterior entrance for café patrons. Acoustics: Not necessary. Level of Finish: New floor system to support the flexible space design system. The floor should be easy to clean.
SOCIAL SPACE Location 1th & 2nd Floor Floor Area 1,200 sf
Occupant: General public Description of Activities: Two social spaces located on both first and second floor. People can relax here, or have conversation with new friends, or family. The overall design should provide an atmosphere people should feel confortable social here Duration: Visitor will be here from 1-3 hr. Adjacencies: This space is closed to the restroom, exhibition, lecture, and workshop. Design Qualities: The social spaces are merging to the exhibition hall, which means there are no strong boundaries to separate the exhibition and social spaces. Thus, the same architecture language will be carried from the exhibition space with small changes.
FF&E: Flexible and adjustable furniture. Visitor will have certain control of the furniture, like change the chair arm from left hand to right hand etc. to represent the idea of Open Source. Views: Has view of the exhibition hall, and river Spree view. Acoustics: Low ceiling for absorb the noise. Level of Finish: Same floor material like exhibition hall.
DETAIL PROGRAM FABLAB Location 1th Floor Floor Area 1,500 sf
Occupant: Members, Staff Description of Activities: Members will use this space for making their own personal/group projects, such as small products, or furniture. Members can use CNC, robot arm and laser cut at here. Adjacencies: This space is closed to open workspace, computer stands, and storage. Design Qualities: Safety and ventilation will be the high priority design criteria. The floor should be easy to clean but also should be comfortable while members may stand longer hours. The interior space should have a good light quality as well.
FF&E: Two robot arms, one CNC, and two laser cutters are located in this space. The all working area need to be layout clear by the machines. Fixed table for the tools and machines. Durable and easy to clean furniture are required. Safety and Security: Fire exit should nearby. Open and clear circulation. Acoustics: High Level Acoustics is required for this space. Level of Finish: Durable finishing and easy to clean.
OPEN WORK SPACE Location 1th Floor Floor Area 1,250 sf
Description of Activities: Members will use this space for sharing ideas, work on collaborative projects, and 3-5 peoples meeting. The workspace is the engine of the ideas, a collaborative work/play/share platform for artists and developers. A small reading space for members is provided with books and magazines. Duration: 24 hours Adjacencies: Fablab, restroom, and courtyard. Design Qualities: The workspace is about sharing and collaboration. The space should be design as a creative work/play platform. Spaces divided by wall, ceiling and floor with visual connections. Good interior lighting for task work. FF&E: Comfortable task chair. Work desk will customize design from recycle shipping pallet. Social sofa will have different reconfiguration for small group and large group
Views: Has a view of the courtyard. Safety and Security: Only members and staff access only, enclosed and lockable. Acoustics: soft surface material for absorbing the noise. Level of Finish: soft floor for absorbing noise.
DETAIL PROGRAM SOCIAL SPACE Location 2nd Floor Floor Area 1,250 sf
Occupant: Members. Description of Activities: Members will use this space for socializing and relaxing.
FF&E: Hanging chairs will be place in this space. Views: Not necessary.
Duration: 24 hours
Safety and Security: Access the fire stair.
Adjacencies: music lab, movie lab, e-lab, and game lab.
Acoustics: soft fabric for absorbing the noise.
Design Qualities: The social space should be a casual relaxing and fun space for members. Hanging chair will replaced the traditional social seating. Individual member will use small hanging chair either take a nap or use computer or reading. Group 2~4 members will use large hanging chair social or just relax. The hanging chair will provide a private but fun social space at e-Playground.
Level of Finish: Floor should be easy to clean.
E-LAB Location 2nd Floor Floor Area 900 sf
Occupant: Members. Description of Activities: Members use this space for electronic design, such as using Arduino to design a coffee maker, or children can make robots. Members could reuse the material from e-Waste, or bring their own material. Workshop will be provided monthly or weekly. Duration: 24 hours Adjacencies: film lab, game lab, music lab, graffiti lab, and social space. Design Qualities: Lighting and safety will be the high priority design requirement. Since the workstation will have solder and electric outlet, the furniture material and finishing should meet the electronic safety requirement and have high resistivity temperature. There also will have tool shelf for member use necessary tools.
FF&E: Each station equipped with electronic basic tools. Ceiling lights are above the workstation with changeable cables that allow members to adjust the high and direction of the light. Views: Not necessary. Safety and Security: Access the fire stair. Finishing resistance the heat and electricity. Acoustics: Acoustic insulation needed. Level of Finish: Floor should be easy to clean. Special Needs: Emergency Suitcase
DETAIL PROGRAM DUBSPOT MUSIC LAB Location 2nd Floor Floor Area 700 sf
Occupant: Members.
Views: Not necessary.
Description of Activities: Member will use Dubspot electronic music product to learn and make e-music. 8-10 people workshop will provide here. After hour, member could use tools here to make their music.
Safety and Security: Access the fire stair.
Duration: 24 hours Adjacencies: film lab, game lab, e-lab, graffiti lab, and social space. Design Qualities: The space will equip with Dubspot e-music products. Each member has one station for workshop. A projector screen will be needed for workshop or small group learning and sharing. FE&E: Each station equipped with the music product on desk, and task chair.
Acoustics: Acoustic insulation needed. Level of Finish: Floor should be easy to clean, soft material to absorb the noise.
GRAFFITI LAB Location 2nd Floor Floor Area 600 sf
Occupant: Members. Description of Activities: To continue the graffiti art in the building, members can do either traditional graffiti artwork or using digital tools to project e-graffiti on the wall.
FF&E: Simple furniture will be provided for short time seating. Large seating for member gathering and do art work. Safety and Security: Access the fire stair. Acoustics: Not necessary.
Duration: 24 hours Level of Finish: Hard Floor Adjacencies: film lab, game lab, music lab, e-lab, and social space. Design Qualities: Ventilation will be importation in this space. Keep the wall unfinished. Install new screen for e-graffiti.
Special Needs: Ventilation
DETAIL PROGRAM FILM LAB Location 2nd Floor Floor Area 750 sf
Occupant: Members. Description of Activities: Members will use this space to work on film project, like editing and remixing. A computer task workspace will be provided for members who are interested in video/ film design. Members will watch movies, so a large projector screen with seating will be located in the film lab as well. Duration: 24 hours Adjacencies: music lab, game lab, e-lab, graffiti lab, and social space. Design Qualities: The space should be simple. Space functionality defines by the furniture. Acoustic should be provided.
FF&E: Comfortable seating with easy to clean fabric will be provided. Also task chair, and desk. Safety and Security: Access the fire stair. Acoustics: soft fabric for absorbing the noise. Level of Finish: Floor should be easy to clean, soft material to absorb the noise.
DETAIL PROGRAM GAME LAB Location 2nd Floor Floor Area 900 sf
Occupant: Members. Description of Activities: Members will use this space to design video game. A computer task workspace will be provided for members who are interested in video game design. Member also will play and test the game, so a large projector screen with seating will be located in the game lab as well. Duration: 24 hours Adjacencies: music lab, movie lab, e-lab, graffiti lab, and social space. Design Qualities: The space should be simple. Space functionality defines by the furniture. Acoustic should be provided.
FF&E: Comfortable seating with easy clean fabric for testing game. Task chair, and desk. Safety and Security: Access the fire stair. Acoustics: soft fabric for absorbing the noise. Level of Finish: Floor should be easy to clean, soft material to absorb the noise.
CODE MATTER Zoning 1. Land Use Zoning The Site’s base zoning is M2, Mixed building area. Baufläche M2, Mixed building area (GemischteBaufläche, M2 )
2. The Environmental Zoning The environmental zone is an area where only vehicles which comply with emission standards can drive. Vehicles with especially high emissions have to stay out of it.
3. Any other special requirements applicable to your project’s zone? The building, Eisfabrik, is listed under Denkmalschutz (Cultural heritage management). Occupancies/Occupant Construction
Load
1. Occupancy Group e-Playground occupancy group: Gallery (A-3) 3D Printing Shop (M) E-Waste Material (S) Workshop Classroom (B)
and
Lecture ( B) Cafe (A-2) FabLab (F?B) Labs (game, music, e-lab, film, and e-graffiti) (B) Office (B) rental space (B) reading room (B) Building Height and Area Limitation: 2. Occupant Loads for each occupancy group Floor Area = Occupant Load * Load Factor Exhibition (A-3) = 30 net *100 = 3,000 sf 3D Printer Shop (B) = 1oo gross * 18 = 1,800 sf e-Waste (S)= 300 gross * 3 = 900 sf Workshop (B)= 20 net *30 = 600 sf Cafe (A-2) = 200 gross * 10 = 2,000 sf Kitchen = 200 gross * 6 = 800 sf FabLab (B) = 200 gross * 30 = 6,000 sf e-Lab (B) = 15 net* 8 = 120 sf * 3 = 360 Game Lab (B) = 15 net * 10 = 750sf e-Graffiti Lab (B) = 15 net * 20 = 300 sf Film Lab(B) = 15 net * 20 = 300 sf Music Lab (B) = 15 net *10 = 150 sf Reading Room = 50 net *4 = 200 sf Office (B) = 15 net *5 = 75 sf *6=450 * TABLE 1004.1.2 MAXIMUM FLOOR AREA ALLOWANCES PER OCCUPANT 3. maximum aggregate area for a mezzanine -The aggregate area of a mezzanine or mezzanines within a room shall be not greater than one-third of the floor area of that area of that room or space in which they are located.’ IBC 2012 - A mezzanine shall be open and unobstructed to the room in which such mezzanine is located except for walls not more than 42� in height, columns and posts. IBC 2012 4. The height for a mezzanine or any ceiling minimum as in under stairs Occupiable spaces, habitable spaces and corridors shall have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet 6 inches (2286 mm). Bathrooms, toilet rooms, kitchens, storage rooms and laundry rooms shall be permitted to have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm). IBC 2012 Mezzanines shall not contribute to either the building area or number of stories as regulated by Section 503.1. The area of the mezzanine shall be included in determining the fire area. The clear height above and below the mezzanine floor construction shall be not less than 7 feet (2134 mm). IBC 2012
Egress and Fire Rating (always based on Occupancy and Construction) 1. Construction Type Eisfabrik is Type II building Construction Type of the existing building is concrete column structure with brick neoclassic wall 2. What is the finish class, wall assembly rating for each type of space? (ie. medical, theater, corridors, etc.) Class A: Flame Spread 0-25; smoke developed 0-450. Class B: Flame Spread 26-75; smoke- developed 0-450. Class C: Flame spread 76-200; smoke-developed 0-450. 3.maximum travel distance to an exit for your occupancy if the space is sprinkled and if it is unsprinkled? The Maximum travel distance currently is 61 feet The building current is unsprinkled. Group A, B, M, load 49, one exit, without sprinkler system, exit access travel distance is 200f, with sprinkler, 250f Group S, load 29, and one exit . Group B, S: common path of egress travel Unsprikler: load <30, 100 f; load> 30, 75 f; sprinkler, 100 f. Exit Access Travel Distance: Group A, M: unsprikler, 200 f; sprinkler: 250 f. Group B: unsprinkler, 200 f; sprinkler 300 f. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Travel distance from within a single space: if the travel distance within a tenant space exceeds 75 feet, then an additional exist is necessary, even if the occupant load does not require it. * If there is an automatic sprinkler system within the building, the travel distance usually can be increased to 100 feet. *Travel distance is NOT measured in a straight line; instead, it is measured on the floor along the centerline of the natural path of travel. You start 1 foot form the wall at the most remote point and move in a direct path toward the nearest exit, curving around any obstructions such as walls, furniture, and equipment. 4.dead end corridor lengths limits The dead end corridors lengths limits is 20 feet, if occupancies in group B, E, F, I-1, M, R-1, R2, R4, S, and U, and an automatic sprinkler system in accordance, the dead-end corridors shall not exceed 50 feet. -20 feet 5.the minimum egress width? â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Estimate the minimum for your particular occupancies
CODE MATTER
Minimum egress width with capacity of 100 is 72 inch (6 feet) Currently, the building has 9 exits on 3 sides of building. occupancies *multiply the occupant load by .2 inch) 6. What is the minimum number of exits required in the building for this type of occupancy? Occupant Load per Story or Area: 1-500 = 2 fire exits (minimum) pg. 152 7. When does a room need more than one exit, for what occupancy load? - for R-2, two exits are required for 20 or more occupants 8. What is the minimum clear width requirement for egress doors? Calculate this for specific occupancies. Space between two doors in a series shall be 48 inches (1219 mm) minimum plus the width of a door swinging into the space. Doors in a series shall swing either in the same direction or away from the space between the doors. The entrance doors in a means of egress in buildings with an occupancy in Groups A, B, E, I-2, M, R-1 or R-2, and entrance doors to tenant spaces in occupancies in Groups A, B, E, I-2, M, R-1 or R-2, are permitted to be equipped with an approved entrance and egress access control system, listed in accordance with UL 294, which shall be installed in accordance with all of the following criteria: 1. A sensor shall be provided on the egress side arranged to detect an occupant approaching the doors. The doors shall be arranged to unlock by a signal from or loss of power to the sensor. 2. Loss of power to that part of the access control system which locks the doors shall automatically unlock the doors. 3. The doors shall be arranged to unlock from a manual unlocking device located 40 inches to 48 inches (1016 mm to 1219 mm) vertically above the floor and within 5 feet (1524 mm) of the secured doors. Ready access shall be provided to the manual unlocking device and the device shall be clearly identified by a sign that reads “PUSH TO EXIT.” When operated, the manual unlocking device shall result in direct interruption of power to the lock-independent of the access control system electronics-and the doors shall remain unlocked for a minimum of 30 seconds. 4. Activation of the building fire alarm system, if provided, shall automatically unlock the doors, and the doors shall remain unlocked until the fire alarm system has been reset. 5. Activation of the building automatic sprinkler or fire detection system, if provided, shall automatically unlock the doors. The doors shall remain unlocked until the fire alarm system has been reset. 6. Entrance doors in buildings with an occupancy in Group A, B, E or M shall not be secured from the egress side during periods that the building is open to the general public. “minimum clear width of 32 inches. In practical terms, a standard 36 inch wide door, when open, will provide 32 inches of clear width.”
9. What is the minimum distance allowed between two exits? The minimum stair way width is 44 inch Occupancy less than 50, the width of stairway no less than 36 inch Each story and occupied roof shall have the minimum number of exits, or access to exits, as specified in this section. The required number of exits, or exit access stairways or ramps providing access to exits, from any story shall be maintained until arrival at grade or a public way. Exits or access to exits from any story shall be configured in accordance with this section. Each story above the second story of a building shall have a minimum of one interior or exterior exit stairway, or interior or exterior exit ramp. At each story above the second story that requires a minimum of three or more exits, or access to exits, a minimum of 50 percent of the required exits shall be interior or exterior exit stairways, or interior or exterior exit ramps. “When two or more exits are required, at least two of the exits must be a certain distance apart. This is referred to as the half-diagonal rule. This rule requires that the distance between two exits be at least one-half of the longest diagonal distance within the building or the building area the exits are serving” (CGFI) 10. What is the minimum stairway width? How is this calculated for specific occupancies? Show diagrams to clarify, if you like. *multiply the “occupant load served by such stairway by a factor of .3 inches per occupy 11. When is a stair to be completely enclosed for fire and egress? When can a stair be open at the first level but not above? “enclosed fire protected stairs are not required until connecting three or more stories. It can be open on the first floor if it dischargess to the exterior or leads to an enclosed firerated environ 12. What is the typical time span fire rating for exposed steel columns or beams, an enclosed stair or fire demising wall (can be made from sheet rock or from masonry)? “A fire wall can be rated a minimum of 2 hours, but the most common required rating is 3 or 4 Stairs/Ramps/Elevators Stairways serving occupied portions of a building shall comply with the requirements of this section. Floor openings between stories created by exit access stairways shall be enclosed. width shall not be less than 44 inches (1118 mm) http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/icod/ibc/2012/icod_ibc_2012_10_sec009.htm
CODE MATTER 1. Stairs: What is the maximum Rise and maximum Run allowed (not residential-single family)? * rise/run: 4-7”/11”. Can’t rise more than 12 feet without a landing. Width minimum=44” 2. What is the Handrail height for stairs? What are the proper minimum lengths of the extensions at top & bottom of the stairs or at the top or bottom of a ramp? * handrail height: 34-38” *extension = equal to the depth of one tread plus 12” 3. When is guardrail required regarding elevation changes, ie stair wells, etc. “They are typically necessary whenever there is a drop over 30 inches where occupants are walking and there is no adjacent wall.” 4. What is the ADA Ramp Rise to Run ratio? - 1:12 5. When are landings required? On ramps and stairs, how do you size the landings? - minimum of 36” wide. Landing length of 60”, especially when a turnaround is required. Landings are required every 30” in height or 30 feet of run. 6. What is head height clearance and max. requirement for stairs? “minimum ceiling height is typically 90 inches. Some projections below that height are allowed. These may include structural elements, light fixtures, exit signs, or similar ceilingmounted items, However, a minimum headroom of 80 inches is required. This height is measured in the same way.” (CGFI) 7. What kinds of elevator types are there? What is the benefit of using one type over another? - freight and passenger - freight holds more weight than passengers. 8. If you have an elevator, are they used in time of a fire emergency? “ in the event of a fire, firefighters can use the elevators. Since elevators are linked to a building’s smoke alarm system, when a smoke detector is activated during a fire, the elevators are automatically recalled to an approved location.” (CGFI) 9. Are elevator enclosures depended upon for major structure bearing? - elevator shafts and fire stairs are often utilized as shear walls for the building structure. Because these elements are almost always continuous from the top to bottom floor, they provide a solid core. Plumbing 1. Bathroom fixture and drinking fountain counts? What are the per person requirements for the various occupancies that you have in your building? -drinking fountains: 1 per 500 2. What are the number of bathroom fixtures that you need for your project? What are the % of fixtures needed for being HC accessible, and % of rooms that need accessible
bathrooms (for ex. in hotels and other public situations)? Look for requirement of changing baby station in public bathrooms. Look into the Unisex, or bathrooms for all. Use diagrams as appropriate. - Number of water closets: male (1 per 125), female (1 per 65) - Number of lavatories: male & female (1 per 200) - 1 service sink * Location of employee toilet facilities in mercantile and assembly occupancies: “Employees shall be provided with toilet facilities in building and tenant spaces utilized as restaurants, nightclubs, places of public assembly and mercantile occupancies. The employee facilities shall be either separate facilities or combined employee and public facilities. The required toilet facilities shall be located not more than one story above or below the employees’ work area and the path of travel to such facilities, in other than covered malls shall not exceed a distance of 500 feet.” (Oregon building code) Toilet rooms shall not open directly into a room used for the preparation of food for service to the public. In other than dwelling units, toilet, bathing and shower room floor finish materials shall have a smooth, hard, nonabsorbent surface. The intersections of such floors with walls shall have a smooth, hard, nonabsorbent vertical base that extends upward onto the walls not less than 4 inches (102 mm). Shower compartments and walls above bathtubs with installed shower heads shall be finished with a smooth, nonabsorbent surface to a height not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the drain inlet. The provisions of this chapter and the International Plumbing Code shall govern the erection, installation, alteration, repairs, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of plumbing equipment and systems. Toilet and bathing rooms shall be constructed in accordance with Section 1210. Plumbing systems and equipment shall be constructed, installed and maintained in accordance with the International Plumbing Code. Private sewage disposal systems shall conform to the International Private Sewage Disposal Code. Accessibility 1. What does clear floor space mean? “the minimum unobstructed floor or ground space required to accommodate a single stationary wheelchair and its occupant. 6.What are the requirements for protruding objects? Give an example of a few of these objects. “4.4.1* General. Objects projecting from walls (for example, telephones) with their leading edges between 27 in. and 80 in. (685 mm and 2030 mm) above the finished floor
CODE MATTER shall protrude no more than 4 in. (100 mm) into walks, halls, corridors, passageways, or aisles (see Fig. 8(a)). Objects mounted with their leading edges at or below 27 in. (685 mm) above the finished floor may protrude any amount (see Fig. 8(a) and (b). Free-standing objects mounted on posts or pylons may overhang 12 in. (305 mm) maximum from 27 in. to 80 in. (685 mm to 2030 mm) above the ground or finished floor (see Fig. 8(c) and (d)). Protruding objects shall not reduce the clear width of an accessible route or maneuvering space (see Fig. 8(e)).” (ADA Guidelines) 2. What is the clear floor space for a lavatory (height)? And from the wall? Do the same for toilets and urinals using centerline dimensions. - lavatory: “ The typical clear floor space required is 30 by 48 inches that extends 19 inches under the sink to allow for a forward approach.” - toilet: “ a typical water closet should have a minimum of 18 inches from the center of the bowl to the adjacent wall. The height of the toilet seat must be between 17 and 19 inches. The most common clear floor space for a single water closet is 60 by 56 inches.” - urinal: “Clear floor space of 30 x 48 inches, allowing a frontal approach.” A room or space used for assembly purposes which contains seats, tables, displays, equipment or other material shall comply with this section. Reference: The Codes Guidebook for interior http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/icod/ibc/2012/index.htm http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/planen/fnp/index_en.shtml http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/icod/ibc/2012/icod_ibc_2012_5_sec003.htm http://publicecodes.cyberregs.com/icod/ibc/2012/icod_ibc_2012_10_sec004.htm
Dario Jacopo Lagana Photographer From Naples, Italy. living in Berlin, GE email: darioj@norte.it website: http://elephantinberlin. blogspot.de/
My goals for the interview: -to understand more local culture from first person; -to get more details info/history of the building site; -to get to know the current situation of the site -to understand the neighborhood
INTERVIEW Jan 22, 2013
Dear Mr. Dario Jacopo Laganà,
I am very interested in your blog. Thanks a lot for documenting these
buildings and publishing them on the intern¬et!
I am an interior architecture graduate student from University of Or-
egon (USA). I fortunately found the Eisfbrik (¬the ice factory) in Berlin, and following in love with it right away. The history and culture of this building is so appealing, and I choose it as site building for my thesis project. My thesis project called ‘open-source playground’, a technology open playground for people come to make things they need, create things they want. It is a place for education and socialization, as well as interaction.
The concept of the project was inspired by the open source movement
in software and hardware, such as Arduino. Open source movement is like a freedom movement in software, such like freedom of speech. I think the concept of the topic is quite fit the current culture of the Eisfabrik which local people come to here be free to express themselves through graffiti artworks. Do you mind if I ask you some questions for my research? It will be 3-5 questions about your opinions/experience of the building. Your help will be extremely meaningful to me. It will help me to better understand the building, and thus I could consider more comprehensive from both historical and cultural points of view.
Thanks a lot in advance for your time! I deeply appreciate your help!
Wish all the best! Warm Regards, Yin
p.s. Below are the questions if you want to take a look. Question - Could you please talk a little about your personal experience of the building? - What are the best words to describe the culture of the building? - Who is the visitor of the building? Local residents, or from other countries if you know? - What is the neighborhood like? Thanks again!!!
INTERVIEW Jan.22. 2013
Dear YU Yin,
first of all, thanks for your message, very clear and inter-
esting. I've got a degree in computer science, so i've got a knowledge of open source. Unfortunately i'm not an architect, so my knowledge is not so strong about your world. BUT if you have any questions, please let me know, i'm collaborating with an italian architect with a STRONG knowledge on reusable spaces in berlin and bottom-up use of the city (about the eisfabrik you'll find her article here: http://berlinoexplorer.blogspot.de/2012/12/eisfabrikla-piu-antica-fabbrica-di.html you can try to translate it with google) so i can ask her about your future questions.
- Could you please talk a little about your personal experi-
ence of the building? i've been there outside more then once, but inside just one. the place is abandoned. it has been left as is for a long time, without fences, then i guess that they decided to make a perimeter to avoid people from sleeping there inside. now it's possible to enter from a hole in the fence. the place is dirty, full of TAGS (more then graffitis), there are no windows anymore and from the rooftop you can see the river. an amazing view.
- What are the best words to describe the culture of the
building? well, for this place i can not say that there's actually a culture, it's just abandoned. berlin is full of places that have another use, a bottom up choice of a new destination, usually coming from artists or young people that react to the need of the neighbourhood, but this is by now just empty. there were in the past any plans to reuse it, but the building is
under Denkmalschutz (Cultural heritage management), so if they want to use it, they need to restore it in a new way, they can not destroy it. This is what happened to the Radial System V (http:// img2.photographersdirect.com/img/19309/wm/pd2116930.jpg) in the same area.
- Who is the visitor of the building? Local residents, or from
other countries if you know? There were some people living inside and in summer sometimes there are people staring at the sun, drinking beers, having fun inside the building.
- What is the neighborhood like?
In the area there are a lot of different realities. You can have a look at: http://koepi137.net/ (Hausproject - very old squat house) http://www.katerholzig.de/ (an alternative place, built in an another fabrik where the people ask the city to have the building for rent for some years - in berlin there's an office for these kind of requests); http://www.radialsystem.de/rebrush/index.php and there are some new projects and still some buildings that are empty i hope you'll find these informations interesting for you. Please don't hesitate to contact me for further questions. Best, DarioJ
Ronen Kadushin Berlin based designer, Kadushin, one of the pioneers of the open design movement. He is the author of the Open Design Manifesto. http://www.ronen-kadushin.com/
INTERVIEW summary phone interview Jan 23, 2013
Yin Yu: Tell us about your own experience of open design.
Ronen Kadushin:
It is all about network relations; producing relation, service relation, producer relation, product, and more interesting is peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s reactions. All about the network.
How you produce your design? It is very easy production process. I have good relationship with a Berlin based company. I work with the same company for seven years, a long-term relationship. It is big company. I send the file to them, and they send me the product back. What you think about Open Source Community, such like this project - e-Playground?
I think it is really interesting. Seems to me the place is very welcoming, for children, and their parents, like Wagg society that they have good people and good program to support.
What is peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s reactions for open design? Open Design like the way to transformer how to take the industry design; transform from the hierarchy to the network. It is Internet revolution. It is transform culture from hierarchy to network. This is today main stream of the culture, this is where we going, our new social organization. It is network, not hierarchy.
SURVEY
ONLINE SURVEY http://www.surveymonkey. com/s/KQR76PY
My interior architecture thesis project called ‘open-
source playground’, a technology open playground for people where they can make things they need, children can create the toys they want. It is a place for education and socialization, as well as interaction. The concept of the project was inspired by the open-source movement in software, a movement such as the freedom in speech. Opensource movement will be the third industrial revolution which people can free to change the appearance of a product, or adjust the function of an object. According to Dezeen (Jan. 22. 2013) Nokia has become the first major manufacturer to give consumers access to its 3D design files so they can create their own versions of products. In the near future, you may not go to the shopping mall for friends’ birthday gift, instead, you may go to a playground to print the creative present through a 3D printer.
Q1. In your community, if there has an open-source playground. What do you want to make the most? ( toys, furniture, cup, jewelry, kitchenware, music record, container, robot, electronic stuff, accessories, or anything else....) Toys, art work, furniture. I would like to make accessories. kitchenware. no. furniture, gifts. kitchenware. toys, furniture, music. Furniture, electronic stuff, music recordings. Maybe sciency foods that I canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t make in my own kitchen. electronic stuff and furniture. Electronic stuff. Such as remotely controlled race car... toys, robot, electronic stuff, acessories, and anything elss furniture & container. Q 2. What types of group do you prefer to come with? myself -------------------------------------------------------28.6% with friends (2-3) ------------------------------------------ 64.3% with friends (more than 3) ----------------------------- 7.1% with family (children under 8)------------------------- 42.9% with family (children above 8) ------------------------ 28.6% more specific? -------------------------------------------- 7.1% [ If we had one, I would take my kid there regularly, before and after 8. if the people are friendly and helpful, then i donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;tâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mind going by myself; otherwise i will go with friends. ]
Q3. When you are working on a fun project at the playground, are you prefer work at a more open space with other people or a more private space? And why? Both open and private Private space when concentration is neede. Open in a group when group effort seem to produce more interesting results. Both, because in open space you can see what other people are working on, and in private space, you can focus on your project. private. I don’t mind as long as my friends and I can communicate with each other without difficulty. more private, to work on something, but after seeing other stuff ina a public area. Open space is better for interaction and social play private, because it always feels more cozy and comfortable I would like to be able to choose from a variety of private and public spaces A more open space. I would enjoy seeing the projects other people are working on and easily asking for advice. While working on my own, I would hone in and not be distracted despite lots of people there. The exception is music. If I’m recording music, I want to be totally isolated. Just me alone, or me and whoever is recording with me if it’s a band or something. more private to keep it a secret Private. Because this work takes a lot of time and some resources and tools it needs may not be sharable. it depends how involved i am, and how big or if it’s a collaborate project. If im making just a small stuff, and others are too, then working in the open space might be fun, but if people mostly work on very different project, and various size (if im next to sb doing a giant size proj, and im making a hand size proj, i would much more prefer have a separate space.)
SURVEY Private space is ok. Open space is also fine, as long as the surrounding people are also working on their projects or related stuffs - not just random passengers.
Q4. Have you been to the similar place before? Such like workshop, or FabLab. If yes, how often? What is the most thing you don’t like the space? Yes, I have been to similar places but not very often, only for special occasions. I don’t like when there is no one there to help you. no. no. once or twice, in Bay Area, like the Crucible, but also at Burning man! No. not really. No, I haven’t, but the new playground in Dolores Park in San Francisco has large-size musical instruments like marimbas that children (and adults) can make music with and it’s very popular. I’ve been in wood shops. I often have problems not know where to put the pieces I’m not actively cutting. I would like to have a kind of home base workstation near the tools where I can leave my stuff and know it’s not in someone else’s way. never. Yes. I’ve been to the “Creative Lab” several times when I was in college. I think the most demanded stuff there should be tools and electronic components. Not really, but have had a workshop for wood working, not much to like nor dislike. Yes. sometimes get too noisy that I cannot communicate with others at all.
SURVEY Q5. The open-source playground will provide workshop to show users how to use the tools, space for advanced tingers to work on complex projects, and for children to education and play. It will exhibit local artists new interactive installation, as well as shop for sale small products with cafes for relaxing. In your point of view, what is the better size for a training class? (10, 20,or more?) For children education section, what is the size you like? For active users, what is the size you think you will like? ( projects such like art installation, electronic music/ graffiti/game design, making a robot, ...) -I think for all of the sizes should be 5-10. -20 -15 10 20 -smaller classes better 10 or so. for children, 5-8 for hands on help and room for big groups too -For training 10 is good. Children maybe same. For active users maybe more. -10 20 15 -For adults, I think 15 is ideal, but 10-20 is good. For children, 5-15 is good. -Depends on the kind of class. If the class is very prescribed (as in, “Let’s assemble this robot kit. Step 1...”) then larger classes are ok. If it’s learning general principles where students ask lots of questions to figure out their individual projects, then a smaller class size would be needed. -it depends. training class for simple tools may take more people,like 20 or more. but those for more complex and expensive equipment should take less. the principle is to ensure that everyone in the class have enough time on the tools. i think for children education the size it should be bigger, like 20 or more. -For training class, less than 10. For children, 10. For active users, less than 5. -definitely a small number of size for a training class, 15 the most, beyond that, I feel i couldn’t learn much. Similar for children education section, it all requires more staffing. size in terms of how many other people should be there while im working? then i think it could go big, as
long as it doesn’t make me feel crowded, and it doesn’t make me feel im just a nobody in there when a merket of people are all in there. the interaction will reduce when more people (more than 30-ish) are there. - around 10, with staff showing around - Depends.. if it’s an exhibition 10-20 kids are fine. if it’s a session to show them the use of machines, smaller group might be better. - 3-5? Q6. The open-source playground may become a new social place. Except the above functional areas, what else you think the space should have with your wild imagination. - Display area for unfinished products that peple just gave up so that other people may see seeds for new ideas in the unfinished products. -I just think the space should have more than enough trained, professional, and friendly staffs so that people feel comfortable in the space with no confusion and safety issues. -networking -library (where I can borrow design-related books) -big space for things that have fire, or that blow up, or for places like battleing robots! -Maybe a public bath and relax social area. -cafe, restaurant -”playground” makes me think of a play for physical play for adults as well as children - maybe a place to climb, jump, swing, etc. as part of it? -A consignment store on site where guests can sell their original creations. Day care so parents can hang out and make stuff without their kids. Parent lounge so kids can hang out and make stuff without their parents. -an actual ‘’playground’’ (for adults) and also for children who are really young ( they should have a different playground, only because you don’t want it turn into all the crying and screaming when other people trying to enjoy the space) tons of ‘already’ design playground people can ‘play’ -shop to sell works movie room
SURVEY Q7. A little about yourself
-Architect -Student of design -student -carpentry -defense contractor. -Architecture -education (previous); architecture school (now) -Architecture student -Electrical Engineering -practicing studio artist -architect
SITE EISFABRIK (ICE FACTORY) Location: KĂśpenicker StraĂ&#x;e 40/41, 10179 Berlin, Germany Year of built: 1894 Architect: Albert Biebendt (1873-1939) design the ice factory Landmark: Listed building Denkmalschutz (Cultural Heritage Management) neo-classical red brick exterior
The ice factory was abandoned in 1995 after producing ice for 99 years. After the discontinue operation, most of furniture, doors, tools, and equipment were been sold. The building exterior is neoclassical redbrick in the early modern style. The glasses of the window are broken, same as the doors. The structural type is grid system of concrete columns. The walls were insulated with 15cm of cork between the wall. The building have three levels in total, however, the ground floor is almost dark since the windows are lower than the ground level. There is a courtyard in the middle of the building which provides a good light quality for the interior. The rooftop is easily to access. The signification of this building probably will be the art works done by the street artists from local artists and visitors, and the one ice compressor left in the machine room.
Ice Compressor and the interior
street art is significant feature of the building
The building site next to the river Spree where the urban plan want to establish telecommunication and media companies along the river banks. The original ice factory has three buildings which including ice factory, cool house and factory housing. The whole complex belongs to TLG, a real estate develop company. The company had demolished the cool houses for new office/commercial building, and reconstructs the factory housing as new resident housing. On the right of the ice factory is the headquarter building of United Service Union. Crossed the river Spree, it is Radia System V which is a cultural and event center in Berlin. This building also was an old industry building, and just finished the renovation in 2009. The transportation of the site is easy to access. Local artiest and resident come to here either by wall, bicycle, or by public transportation.
Urban Center Mitte district
Building Site Along the River Spree
Public Transit
Walkable Distance
Large Outdoor Green Space for City Events
SITE
SITE
Program Analysis
City Culture Research
Identify “Who“ & “What“
Identify staffs’ roles
DESIGN PROCESS
Activity Analysis
DESIGN PROCESS Space Case Study - Public Space
WINTER TERM Space Case Study - Member Space
Modular Study & Analysis
Griding the plan
Pointing the plan
3D Grid and Point Physical Model
DESIGN PROCESS
Maya 3D Model
Physical Model based on grids
CONCEPT DESIGN
PLAY
a day at
e - Pl a y g r o u nd
s um me r s und a y a fte r n o on-p eo ple e n j oy th e ou td o o r l i fe
exhib i t ion ha l l fo r the B e rlin s u mme r fa sh ioin week
have f u n w i th f r ie nd a t e-Pl a y g round show ro om
pr in t a Yo d a a t e pl a y g round 3 D pr in t in g sho p
mee t th e m a k e r d ur i n g the B e rlin DM Y fe s t ive
col l a b o ra t ive wo rk a t ePl a y g rou nd fa bl a b
CONCEPT
CONCEPTUAL MODEL
FURNITURE MATERIALITY
DETAILING
LIGHTING
BUILDING
OPEN SOURCE DESIGN PROGRAM INFRASTRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENT
OPEN SOURCE DESIGN PROGRAM
INFRASTRUCTURE
The program is developed based on OpenSource culture related activities. The goal of the program is to declare the concept of open source community. The program is concentrate on a community level that promote, support, and encourage open source culture development, provide platforms for digital creativities and innovations, and share knowledge and skills in a physical environment. The programming method involved scripting the existing building space, thus calculated the physical space with the detail program to find the optimized usage of the space.
The Open Source Concept is about sharing, changing, and adaptive. In terms of an interior physical space, the concept needs to become tangible objects. Interior space for open source community should provide flexible space for people to use. Instead of design a concrete wall, e-Playground proposal an infrastructure in the exhibition hall space. The infrastructure allows people to change, reconfiguration, and adapt the platform. The infrastructure is based on a modular gridding system which is 8 feet by 8 feet by 8 feet cubic system. The size of the cube has been consider to satisfy the needs of human body. All the parts will based on this 8’ by 8’ by 8’ modular plan.
LIGHTING
DETAILING
The natural light mainly come from southwest of the building where are the labs, office and shop located. The artificial light selection for member space is provide certain levels of control by members. The lights carry the spirit of collaboration, sharing and making in work space. The lighting design in the public space is provide a sensory, interactive, and passive control by the visitors.
The architecture language might will change during the open source movement. Detailing in this project became physically digital computing. By using arduino, two lighting detail design had developed.
CONCEPT
ENVIRONMENT
BUILDING
e-Playground brings up the sense of our environment through a transparent recycling system. By equipping the e-Waste disassemble machine, people will recycle and reuse the electronic sources kits and parts. An open-source community will developed start with a simple drop-off e-Waste recycle cube, and the material source will contribute to the memberâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s e-Lab. A sustainable electronic cycle will developed at e-Playground.
The artwork of the graffiti should be considered as an open source artist activities which they share their work for free, and others paint based on the original artwork. The space design respect the original wall which kept the most artwork. Since the building has a unique layout which include the boiler room, the machine room, courtyard, and the water tower. A logical analysis of the building processed, and thus following the digital tool to study the building as 3 dimensional cubes spaces.
FURNITURE
MATERIALITY
Open-source concept in the furniture system could be more flexible. The wall, floor, and furniture become overlapping and multi-functions. In memberâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s space, furniture provide function for collaborative work patterns. Member also could use digital tool to print or CNC furniture for temporary usage. In the public space, furniture could be played by children, or reconfiguration for socializing. Opensource furniture is more playful than traditional furniture.
The major building material is using the crow sourcing method. The infrastructure building material is reclaimed the shipping pallet and steel.
BUILDING ANALYSIS
Bolier Room Water Tower Courtyard
Inner Courtyard Machine Room
existing conditions
Modular based on grid
Courtyard as the center of the building
Entrance Diagonal
8’ BY 8’ GRIDING PLAN
Building Grids
1/16’’ scale model
building mathematical thinking // MACHINE ROOM { int $x; int $y; int $z; for ($x = 0; $x < 12; $x++) { for ($y = 0; $y < 6; $y++) { for ($z = 0; $z < 21; $z++) { polyCube; move $x $y $z; } { polyCube; move $x $y $z; } } } };
// BOILER ROOM { int $x; int $y; int $z; for ($x = 0; $x < 6; $x++) { for ($y = 0; $y < 4; $y++) { for ($z = 0; $z < 9; $z++) { polyCube; move $x $y $z; } { polyCube; move $x $y $z; } } } };
// WATER TOWER int $x; int $y; int $z; for ($x = 0; $x < 3; $x++) { for ($y = 0; $y < 9; $y++) { for ($z = 0; $z < 3; $z++) { polyCube; move $x $y $z; } { polyCube; move $x $y $z; } } } };
1/8’’ scale griding model
PROGRAMMING THE SPACE
PUBLIC SPACE
STAFF SPACE
X 199 Reception Exhibition Hall 3D Printing Shop e-waste Cafe Open workshop Children Workshop Show Room Restroom Storage Lecture Social Space
MEMBER SPACE
X 157 12 47 28 14 16 16 9 16 9 5 9 19
Information Office Ad Office Conference
X 199 3 6 2
FabLab Open Work Space Computer Stands e-Lab e-graffiti lab game lab film lab music Lab Kitchen Social Space storage Restroom
23 20 1 14 9 14 12 11 5 20 19 9
C S
G
S
CEILING HIGHT - 21’ SELECTED PLANS
GROUND LEVEL
SECOND LEVEL
PROGRAMMING THE SPACE
CONCEPT DESIGN
Ground Level Plan
CONCEPT DESIGN
Second Level Plan
Second Level Plan (upper level)
“Cre at in g in- betw ee n s p ace t hat s ugge s t ne w possibi l i ti es f o r ho w w e m i ght l i ve . “ -Sou Fu jimoto
a flexible, adaptive, changable, sustainable, interior infrastructure
Social Space Reuse shipping pallet
Circulation Space Reuse shipping pallet
Exhibition Space Reuse shipping pallet
Open Source Interior Structure System Recyclable metal
Walk Platform Recyclable metal panels
Custom Staircase Reclaimed steel bar
Seating Space Reuse shipping pallet
CONCEPT DESIGN
be curiosity & creativity
elements of the interior structure system
18
directions connector
1
dir co
Metal sheet panel floor
CONCEPT DESIGN
13
rections onnector base
Existing Structure
a fun playground for creative people gathering and sharing
View 1
exhibition hall 1th level
View 2
CONCEPT DESIGN
a sociable connecting interior space
CAFE AREA
CONCEPT DESIGN
Cafe Stool
Cafe Chair
Cafe Table
exhibition hall 2nd level
CONCEPT DESIGN
show room (2nd level)
CONCEPT DESIGN Lighting Detail Design Arduino Light Sensor control motor movement. The ceiling LED light will move based on visitorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s motion. Thus provide an interactive lighting near the entrance.
information center (1th Level)
A lighting device near the entrance to sense the natural environment and the people.
http://www.youtube.com watch?v=7aGEv4uq4vc
A
CONCEPT DESIGN
Perspective-3D Printing Shop
CONCEPT DESIGN A
B
View
Section A 3D Printing Shop
E-WASTE RECYCLE CENTER
CONCEPT DESIGN
Section B 3D Printing Shop
OPEN WORK SPACE
preserve graffiti art
maker culture
modular furniture for social
Prooff work sofa configuration types
View
CONCEPT DESIGN FABLAB
View
reuse shipping pallet for work desk Ventilation System
Insulation Wall & Ceiiling absorbing the noise
New Window Treatment bring more natural light into the space
CNC
Laser Cutter
Sustainable Furniture Softfloor for long time standing work
MEMBER SPACE
CONCEPT DESIGN
DETAIL DESIGN
LED display boards interact with people http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QK-hmctUyk
CONCEPT DESIGN visitor interact and/or natural environment
INPUT
photocell light sensor
OUTPUT
inspiration lighting fixture microcontroller motor driver
Light Sensor Control Motor Diagram
stepper motor
SITE MODEL 1/64’’ SCALE
CONCEPT DESIGN DETAIL MODEL 1/8 SCALE
â&#x20AC;&#x153; this is just the beginning of exploring what open source design could be?
exhibition hall 1th level
BIBLIOGRAPHY Theory & Philosophy
Steele, Robert David. The Open-Source Everything Manifesto. North Atalantic, 2012 Lessig, Lawrence, Free culture, 2004 Schumacher, Patrik. The Autopoiesis of Architecture, Volume 1 &2, A New Framework for Architecture. 2010. Eliasson, Olafur. Your Mobile Expectations BMW H2R project. 2008. Leach, Neil. Rethinking Architecture - A Reader in cultural theory. 1997 Balmond, Cecil. Informal. Prestel. 2002.
Design
Woodbury, Robert. Elements Routledge, 2010.
of
Parametric
Design.
Mitchell, William J. The Logic of Architecture: Design, Computation, and Cognition. MIT Press, 1994. Coates, Paul. Programming . Architecture. Routledge, 2010. Dietrich, Lucas. 60: Innovators Shaping Our Creative Future. Thames & Hudson, 2009.
Sustainable
Bolchover, Joshua. and Ross, Johanna Agerman. Vitamin Green, Phaidon Press, 2012. Aurora Fernandes Per, Javier Mozas, Javier Arpa. Reclaim Remediate Reuse Recycle, A+t Architecture Publishers. 2012
Article
The Third Industrial Revolution http://www.economist.com/node/21553017 100 Urban Trends: A Glossary of Ideas from the BMW Guggenheim Lab Berlin, Nov. 9. 2012, BMW Guggenheim Lab Publishes
RESOURCE Social Innovations for Economic Degrowth, Andreas Exner and Chrisian Lauk, 8/22/2012 <http://www.utne.com/environment/social-innovationsfor-economic-degrowth.aspx>
Website
Open Source Architecture (OSArc)â&#x20AC;&#x201D; A proposition for a different approach to designing space to succeed the single-author model includes tools from disparate sources to create new paradigms for thinking and building. h t t p : / / w w w. d o m u s we b. i t / e n / o p - e d / o p e n - s o u r ce architecture-osarc-/ Open Frameworks http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenFrameworks http://wiki.openframeworks.cc/index.php?title=Main_Page Open Structures http://www.openstructures.net/ DMY Berlin http://dmy-berlin.com/ Makezine http://makezine.com/ Open Design Now http://opendesignnow.org/
Thank you!