MASTER IN ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE Self Sufficient Buildings
2017/18
Thermodynamic Cataclysms The Architecture of Atmospheres
BARCELONA
MASTER IN ADVANCED ARCHITECTURE Thermodynamic Cataclysms The Architecture of Atmospheres
Research Studio: Self Sufficient Building
Faculty: Enric Ruiz-Geli Faculty Assistant: Mireia Luzรกrraga Assistant: Zrinka Radic, Mohamad Rachid Jalloul Student: Gayatri Desai
INDEX 01 Environmental Analysis 02 Depolluting Pavilion 03 Computational Fluid Dynamics 04 Physical Form Explorations
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Thesis Education as a spatial element that is a Living Laboratory of open innovation that aims to provide and create ideal thermal comfort and an ambient environment. Explores the interactions of thermodynamics on a material, territorial, and physiological scale. A conversation on thermodynamics, architecture and beauty. The project uses a tensile structural system that is active and deploys a form finding system that engages elements in physics such as force, mass, pressure, gravity, load, strain and stress. Most Importantly the tensile pavilion is itself a depollution device that can be deployed almost anywhere. It harnesses geothermal energy to create a sustainable fog and mist that together purifies the air and combats atmospheric pollutants. It is a dynamic system that breathes; expanding and contracting as it consumes air pollutants and toxins such as carbon dioxide, harmful particle matter, lead, sulfur dioxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and many others pollutants. Combats global warming in Barcelona by being on the edge of Entropy in a time of the Anthropocene. The tensile fabric uses bio fabrics such as bioluminescent wool that encase the pavilion. Such fabrics absorb sunlight during the day and mitigate thermal heat gain during night. Design Strategies that provide a wide variety of atmospheres and situations for outdoor and indoor spaces. Scales from microscopic to macroscopic; from biochemical to meteorological; and thus architecture to climate. The exploration of the invisible elements of a space. The project address climate, global warming and sustainability. Address our current energy crisis as an exchange between energy and heat by creating an artificial climate that depollutes to create clean air and optimal air quality conditions.
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Thesis Various links to different air temperatures and velocities. The interaction between the body and environment is explored. Connections between human physiology and atmospheres. The elements of heat, air, vapor. Creating a building that reflects and channels the shape of air. Conduction that is generated and fluctuation that then creates shadow and light to create a thermal landscape and design the atmosphere. Global thermodynamic values and climatic maps are used to gage ideal comfort levels for public spaces. Variables such as filtered air, less noise, and wind control strategies can create comfortable public spaces. This pavilion serves as a climate device, a cooling device, and a depolluting device. The atmosphere is heated when objects absorb heat energy from the sun and re emit it into the atmosphere. Air velocity is an important factor and can be simulated in CDF computational fluid dynamics to study the wind and particle flows. Properties of Particles such as index, position, velocity, mass, fluids, activity, and material indexes are effected. Key Points of interest -
Climatic Typologies Thermodynamic Processes Physiological Effects Atmospherics simulations
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Performance of Atmospheres + Particles
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AIR + FOG
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Rhino : Grasshopper : Weather Analysis Tools Energy-plus Weather files (.EPW) Radiance OpenStudio Dayism THERM7 Matlab UWG (Urban Weather Generator) - Ladybug Wind Analysis Shadow Relative Temperature Dry Bulb Temperature Radiation Sunlight Analysis - Honeybee Daylighting Thermal Comfort Energy - Dragonfly Urban Weather Generator Urban Micro-climate Analysis - Butterfly Wind Tunnel Outdoor Air Flow
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# 01
Environmental Analysis Weather Data for Barcelona Wind Temperature Humidity Dew Point Air Evaporation Thermal Mass Psychometric Chart
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Air Data
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Monthly Wind Analysis Wind Direction Wind Speed
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Wind Prevailing Average Velocity (Yearly)
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Annual Sun Path Analysis (Yearly)
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Summer Urban Micro-climate (Yearly)
Winter
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Ladybug : Psychometric Chart Comfortable Hours in Thermal Mass + Night Ventilation (Hourly)
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Ladybug : Psychometric Chart Comfortable Hours Normal (Hourly)
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Ladybug : Psychometric Chart Comfortable Hours in Evaporative Cooling (Hourly)
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Ladybug : Psychometric Chart Comfortable Hours Desiccant Dehumidification (Hourly)
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Ladybug : Psychometric Chart Comfortable Hours in Internal Heat Gain (Hourly)
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Ladybug : Psychometric Chart Comfortable Hours all strategies
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Total
Ladybug : Radiation Analysis
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Diffuse
Direct
Ladybug : Dry Bulb Temperature (Yearly)
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# 02
Depolluting Pavilion - Suspended Living Lab Within the Tower of Innovation - Depolluting Pavilion
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Depolluting Pavilion
A place for open innovation and climatic atmospheres.
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Atmospheric Section
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Bio Fabric Structure
Tensile Bio Fabric
Misting Nozzles
Floor Structure
Light Weight Flooring System Geo Thermal Pumps
Structural Piles
Geo Thermal System
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# 03
Computational Fluid Dynamics Rhino | Grasshopper | Flexhopper Autodesk Flow Design
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CDF (Computational Fluid Dynamics) Analysis of the flow of particles in Form Finding Following the Laws of Thermodynamics. Gas Equation - Boyle’s Law The relationships between volumes of gases under constant temperature and pressure. The pressure times the volume of a gas is equal to some constant k. PV= k. At constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases or decreases by the same factor as its temperature (in kelvin) increases or decreases. P1/T1 = P2/T2 Behavior of gases. P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 Volume V is related to the number of moles of gas, n by V/n = k P1V1/T1n = P2V2/T2n = k, where k is a constant. PV= nRT The constant k has been replaced by R the molar gas constant. Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is number of moles of gas present, R is the molar gas constant has a value very close to 8.31 m2 kg s-2 K-1 mol-1 and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
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Fog + Mist
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Wind Vector + Particle Diagram Trace the flow of atmospheric particles in relation to Wind direction and Velocity.
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Velocity
Particles + Pressure
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Site Plan
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CDF Simulations
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# 04
Physical Form Explorations
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Physical Prototypes + Models FORM FINDING WITH RHINO : KANGAROO TENSILE FORMS WITH MESH + STRUCTURE TENSILE FORM FINDING
Exploration of various tensile structures that are a construction of elements carrying tension and compression. The final prototype aims to expand and contract in response to live CO2 emissions. Arduino Sensors are used to create motion and receive and transmit data. Tensile structures allow for flexibility and can respond to pressure and volume making them ideal for a pavilion.
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Smoke + Space
Form Finding
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Physical Models
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CO2 Monitoring Prototype
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